Reference Manual PhD5 Multi Gas Detector

Transcription

1 Reference Manual PhD5 Multi Gas Detector 651 South Main Street Middletown, CT USA (800) (860) Fax (860) Version 3.20 p/n NOV2006

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3 THE PhD5 PERSONAL PORTABLE GAS DETECTOR HAS BEEN DESIGNED FOR THE DETECTION OF DEFICIENCIES OF OXYGEN, ACCUMULATIONS OF FLAMMABLE GASES AND VAPORS AND ACCUMULATIONS OF TOXIC VAPORS. IN ORDER TO ASSURE THAT THE USER IS PROPERLY WARNED OF POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS, IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE INSTRUCTIONS IN THIS REFERENCE MANUAL BE READ, FULLY UNDERSTOOD, AND FOLLOWED. AVERTISSEMENT: LIRE ATTENTIVEMENT LES INSTRUCTIONS AVANT DE METTRE EN MARCHE. PhD5 Reference Manual Version 3.20 Copyright 2006 by Biosystems Middletown, Connecticut All rights reserved. No page or part of this operation manual may be reproduced in any form without written permission of the copyright owner shown above. All rights reserved to correct typographical errors. 1

4 Table of Contents Chapter 1. Description PhD5 capabilities Methods of sampling Multi-sensor capability Calibration Alarm logic Alarm latch Atmospheric hazard alarms Sensor over range alarms Low battery alarms NiCad low battery alarms Low battery alarm settings for alkaline battery packs Other alarms and special microprocessor features Other electronic safeguards Security beep Classification for intrinsic safety Sensors Continuous sample draw pump Black box data recorder Remote Vibrating Alarm PhD5 design components PhD5 standard accessories Alkaline PhD5 detectors NiCad PhD5 detectors PhD5 kits PhD5 Confined Space Kits PhD5 Value Packs 10 Chapter 2. Basic operation Operational warnings and cautions On and off sequences Start-up sequence Other start-up screens Non-standard alarms Warning Sensor Needs Cal Shut-down sequence Operating modes Text Only mode Basic mode Basic/Peak mode Peak readings To reset peak readings Technician mode STEL TWA readings Average readings Changing operating modes Batteries Alkaline battery packs NiCad rechargeable battery packs Storage guidelines for the NiCad battery Charging guidelines for NiCad battery Charging procedure for NiCad battery Charging the NiCad battery pack separately from the instrument Cycling NiCad battery packs Low battery alarms NiCad low battery alarms Low battery alarm settings for alkaline battery packs Methods of sampling Using the hand-aspirated sample draw kit Motorized sample draw pump 17 2

5 Using the continuous sample draw pump Protective low-flow alarm Resuming diffusion monitoring Sample probe assembly Changing sample probe filters Changing sample probe tubes Smart Sensors features and replacement Identification of sensor type by the instrument Other information stored with the sensor EEPROM Sensor removal and replacement Missing sensor alarm Sensor not found alarm 19 Chapter 3. Advanced Functions The Main Menu Entering the Main Menu The Alarm Menu Entering the Alarm Menu Custom alarm settings Alarm and OK latches Alarm latch settings OK latch settings Default alarm settings Restore factory default alarm settings Temperature alarm Enable/disable temperature alarms Warning alarms Access warning alarm settings Enable/disable warning alarms Adjust warning alarm levels The warning alarm timeout function Adjust warning alarm timeout interval Disabling the timeout interval LEL message Enable/disable LEL message The Calibration Menu The Options Menu Entering the Options Menu Adjusting the contrast Security beep Adjusting the security beep User Mode Overview of user modes Text Only Mode Basic Mode Basic/Peak Mode Peak readings Technician Mode STEL TWA readings Average readings Changing the user mode through the Options menu Language Changing the readout language Passcode Changing passcode settings Changing the passcode ID #: Enter/Adjust ID # DECIMAL: Changing the precision of the toxic sensor readout The Datalogger Menu The View Menu Entering the View Menu View alarm levels 28 3

6 3.6.3 View service information View Software Version / Serial Number View last cal dates The Time Menu Entering the Time Menu Time and date settings Service date settings Enable/Disable sensor service due dates Change sensor service due date settings The Display Menu Entering the Display Menu Display Settings 30 Chapter 4. Calibration Verification of accuracy Effect of contaminants on PhD5 sensors Effects of contaminants on oxygen sensors Effects of contaminants on combustible sensors Effects of high concentrations of combustible gas on the combustible sensor Effects of contaminants on toxic gas sensors Single sensors capable of monitoring for two different gases Using one sensor to monitor for Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Biosystems Duo-Tox dual purpose Carbon Monoxide/Hydrogen Sulfide sensor Biosystems CO Plus dual purpose carbon monoxide/hydrogen sulfide sensor Relative response of the CO Plus sensor to carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide Cl 2 and ClO 2 Non-Specific sensors Automatic calibration Automatic fresh air/zero calibration sequence Reading Too High or Too Low for zero adjust Automatic span calibration sequence Automatic span calibration with more than one gas cylinder Manual calibration Manual fresh air calibration procedure Shortcuts to the manual fresh air calibration procedures Shortcut to fresh air calibration while in normal operation Shortcut to Main Menu while turning the PhD5 on 36 Manual span calibration procedures Functional (bump) test The Calibration Menu Entering the Calibration Menu Gas values Changing the combustible gas readout from LEL to CH Changing the direct reading setting of the CO Plus sensor from CO to H 2S Calibration reminder Changing the calibration reminder interval Disabling the calibration reminder Changing the repeat reminder IQ Link Changing the IQ Link setting Cal Lock Changing the Cal Lock setting Overview of record keeping options Black box data recorder Datalogger upgrade BioTrak database software IQ System Datalogger menu Setting the datalogging interval Enable/disable datalogger Clearing the datalogger Sessions USER/LOC information User and location lists 44 4

7 User and location ID s Touch ID option Touch ID menu Location memory User ID memory Clear ID button Sensors Sensor replacement New sensor releases Troubleshooting sensor problems Can t make automatic fresh air/zero calibration adjustment Can t make span calibration adjustment Motorized pump Pump performance Verifying pump performance Pump test failed Low flow pump failure Internal pump filter replacement Specific problems with motorized pump Pump will not turn on Can t resume normal operation after a Low Flow shut down Sample probe assembly Changing sample probe filters Changing sample probe tubes Firmware upgrade from the Biosystems website Returning your PhD5 to Biosystems for service or repair Exploded view and parts lists for PhD5 51 Appendices 53 Appendix A Toxic gas measurement - Ceilings, TWAs and STELs Ceiling level: Time Weighted Average (TWA): Short Term Exposure Limits (STEL): 53 Appendix B Sensor Cross-Sensitivity Chart 54 Appendix C PhD5 sensor ranges 55 Appendix D How to perform a fresh air calibrationon the PhD5 in contaminated air 56 Appendix E LEL Correction Factors 56 Appendix F Calibration Frequency 57 Appendix G Biosystems Standard Warranty Gas Detection Products 58 Signal Words The following signal words, as defined by ANSI Z , are used in the PhD5 Reference Manual. indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not avoided, may result in moderate or minor injury. CAUTION used without the safety alert symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in property damage. 5

8 WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS 1. The PhD5 personal, portable gas detector has been designed for the detection of dangerous atmospheric conditions. An alarm condition indicates the presence of a potentially life-threatening hazard and should be taken very seriously. 2. In the event of an alarm condition it is important to follow established procedures. The safest course of action is to immediately leave the affected area, and to return only after further testing determines that the area is once again safe for entry. Failure to immediately leave the area may result in serious injury or death. 3. Use only Duracell MN1500 or Ultra MX1500, Eveready Energizer E91-LR6, Eveready EN91 (not ATEX approved), Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.5V Alkaline batteries, Eveready CH15 (not ATEX approved) or Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.2V NiCad batteries, or Eveready L91 size AA 1.5V Lithium batteries (not CSA or ATEX approved). Substitution of batteries may impair intrinsic safety. 4. The accuracy of the PhD5 should be checked periodically with known concentration calibration gas. Failure to check accuracy can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. 5. The accuracy of the PhD5 should be checked immediately following any known exposure to contaminants by testing with known concentration test gas before further use. Failure to check accuracy can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. 6. A sensor that cannot be calibrated or is found to be out of tolerance should be replaced immediately. An instrument that fails calibration may not be used until testing with known concentration test gas determines that accuracy has been restored, and the instrument is once again fit for use. 7. Do not reset the calibration gas concentration unless you are using a calibration gas concentration that differs from the one that is normally supplied by Biosystems for use in calibrating the PhD5. Customers are strongly urged to use only Biosystems calibration materials when calibrating the PhD5. Use of non-standard calibration gas and/or calibration kit components can lead to dangerously inaccurate readings and may void the standard Biosystems warranty. 8. Use of non-standard calibration gas and/or calibration kit components when calibrating the PhD5 can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings and may void the standard Biosystems warranty. Biosystems offers calibration kits and long-lasting cylinders of test gas specifically developed for easy PhD5 calibration. Customers are strongly urged to use only Biosystems calibration materials when calibrating the PhD5. 9. Substitution of components may impair intrinsic safety. AVERTISSEMENT: LA SUBSTITUTION DE COMPOSANTS PEUT COMPROMETTRE LA SÉCURITÉ INTRINSÈQUE. 10. For safety reasons this equipment must be operated and serviced by qualified personnel only. Read and understand this reference manual before operating or servicing the PhD5. ATTENTION: POUR DES RAISONS DE SÉCURITÉ, CET ÉQUIPMENT DOIT ETRE UTILISÉ, ENTRETENU ET RÉPARÉ UNIQUEMENT PAR UN PERSONNEL QUALIFIÉ. ÉTUDIER LE MANUEL D'INSTRUCTIONS EN ENTIER AVANT D'UTILISER, 'ENTRETENIR OU DE RÉPARER L'ÉQUIPMENT. 11. A rapid up-scale reading followed by a declining or erratic reading may indicate a hazardous combustible gas concentration that exceeds the PhD5 s zero to 100 percent LEL detection range. AVERTISSEMENT: TOUTE LECTURE RAPIDE ET POSITIVE, SUIVIE D'UNE BAISSE SUBITE AU ERRATIQUE DE LA VALEUR, PEUT INDIQUER UNE CONCENTRATION DE GAZ HORS GAMME DE DÉTECTION QUI PEUT ÊTRE DANGEREUSE 6

9 Chapter 1. Description 1.1 PhD5 capabilities The PhD5 gas detector can be configured to meet a wide variety of requirements. This chapter provides an overview of many of the features of the PhD5. More detailed descriptions of the features of the PhD5 are contained in the subsequent chapters of this manual. 1.2 Methods of sampling The PhD5 may be used in either diffusion or sample-draw mode. In either mode, the gas sample must reach the sensors for the instrument to register a gas reading. The sensors are located inside of the instrument. In diffusion mode, the atmosphere being measured reaches the sensors by diffusing through vents in the sensor compartment cover. Normal air movements are enough to carry the sample to the sensors. The sensors react quickly to changes in the concentrations of the gases being measured. Diffusion-style operation monitors only the atmosphere that immediately surrounds the detector. The PhD5 can also be used to sample remote locations with either the hand-aspirated sample-draw kit that is included with every PhD5, or with a motorized continuous sample draw pump that is available separately. During remote sampling, the gas sample is drawn into the sensor compartment through the probe assembly and a length of tubing. Use of the sample draw kits is covered in section A detailed description of the PhD5 probe assembly is given in section Multi-sensor capability The PhD5 can be configured to simultaneously monitor oxygen, combustible gases and vapors and up to three toxic gases. Sensors can be added, removed, changed, and replaced in the field. The PhD5 microprocessor and Smart Sensor circuitry eliminates the need for laborious reconfiguration procedures. Note: It is necessary to verify the accuracy of the PhD5 by calibration with known concentration test gas whenever a change is made to the sensors installed in the instrument. Calibration procedures are discussed in detail in Chapter 4. The PhD5 uses electrochemical toxic gas sensors that have been designed to minimize the effects of common interfering gases. These sensors provide accurate, dependable readings for toxic gases commonly encountered during confined space entry and other industrial applications. Toxic sensors currently available for use in the PhD5 include hydrogen sulfide (H 2S), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), phosphine (PH 3), ammonia (NH 3), chlorine (Cl 2), chlorine dioxide (ClO 2), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). In addition to tox sensors designed to measure specific toxic hazards, Biosystems also offers two different sensors that allow for the simultaneous detection of both CO and H 2S. The Duo-Tox sensor is a dual channel electrochemical sensor designed to simultaneously detect both carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. With the Duo-Tox sensor, one sensor port will provide separate readings for both carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. For more information on the Duo-Tox sensor see section The CO Plus sensor is a single channel electrochemical sensor. The CO Plus is ideal for situations requiring the use of a single sensor to monitor for both carbon monoxide and hydrogen 7 sulfide, but where the user does not need to know specifically which gas is present. For more information on the CO Plus sensor see section Different measurement units are used depending on the gas being measured. Type of Hazard Measurement unit Oxygen (O2) Percentage by volume Combustible gas All toxic sensors Percentage of lower explosive limit (%LEL) Parts per million (PPM) Table 1.3. PhD5 Units of Measurement Sensor configuration procedures are discussed in greater detail in Chapter Calibration The PhD5 detector features fully automatic fresh air and span calibration. Accuracy of the PhD5 should be checked periodically with known concentration calibration gas. Failure to check accuracy can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. Calibration procedures are discussed in detail in Chapter 4. Recommended calibration frequency is discussed in Appendix F. Use of these procedures is reserved for authorized personnel. 1.5 Alarm logic PhD5 gas alarms are user-adjustable and may be set anywhere within the range of the specific sensor type. When an alarm set point is exceeded a loud audible alarm sounds, and the bright red LED alarm light flashes. The procedure for adjusting alarm settings is covered in section Alarm latch The PhD5 includes a latching alarm feature that can be enabled or disabled according to the needs of the user. When the PhD5 s alarm latch is enabled, the audible and visible alarms will continue to sound even after the atmospheric hazard has cleared. To turn the alarm off, simply press the MODE button. If the PhD5 s alarm latch is disabled and the alarm condition is no longer present, the instrument will automatically return to normal operation, and the visible and audible alarms will cease without further input from the user. The procedure for changing alarm and OK latch settings is covered in section Atmospheric hazard alarms The PhD5 portable gas detector has been designed for the detection of deficiencies of oxygen, accumulations of flammable gases and vapors, and accumulations of toxic vapors. An alarm condition indicating the presence of one or more of these potentially life-threatening hazards should be taken very seriously. In the event of an alarm condition it is important to follow established procedures. The safest

10 course of action is to immediately leave the affected area, and to return only after further testing determines that the area is once again safe for entry. Failure to immediately leave the area may result in serious injury or death. A rapid up-scale reading followed by a declining or erratic reading may indicate a hazardous combustible gas concentration that exceeds the PhD5 s zero to 100 percent LEL detection range. The combustible gas alarm is activated when the percent LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) gas concentration exceeds the pre-set alarm point. Two oxygen alarm set points have been provided; one for low concentrations associated with oxygen deficiency and one for high concentrations associated with oxygen enrichment. Three alarm set points have been provided for each toxic gas monitored: TWA (Time Weighted Average), STEL (Short Term Exposure Limit), and Ceiling. Appendix A discusses alarm levels and factory default alarm settings. The procedure for adjusting alarm settings is covered in section Sensor over range alarms. The PhD5 toxic gas channel will go into alarm if a sensor is exposed to a concentration of gas that exceeds its established range. If the peak alarm is enabled it will go off before an over range alarm provided a STEL or TWA alarm is not activated first. If the peak alarm is disabled and a toxic sensor goes into over range alarm a SENSOR OUT OF RANGE message will appear at the bottom of the display while the audible and visible alarms are activated. The maximum range value will be displayed for the sensor in alarm. If the LEL sensor goes into over range alarm, the message LEL OVERRANGE will intermittently appear, both the audible alarm and the flashing LED alarms will be activated and an X will appear on the LCD in the place of the numeric reading for the LEL sensor. In the event of an LEL over range alarm the PhD5 must be turned off, brought to an area that is known to be safe and then turned on again to reset the alarm. Note: The PhD5 features automatic warning against LEL sensor response failure due to lack of oxygen. When oxygen levels fall below 10% by volume, the PhD5 will intermittently display a message indicating that O2 is too low for LEL to operate Low battery alarms The PhD5 may be equipped with either rechargeable NiCad or disposable alkaline battery packs. Alarms will be activated whenever battery voltage is too low to allow the safe operation of the instrument. The PhD5 is designed to automatically determine which type of battery pack has been installed, and use the appropriate low battery alarm settings NiCad low battery alarms The PhD5 includes low battery alarms that are activated whenever battery voltage approaches a level that will soon lead to instrument shut down. When the battery voltage in the NiCad battery is reduced to approximately 3.2 volts, an audible alarm will sound and the display will indicate that a low battery condition exists. At this stage, the low battery alarms may be silenced for a fifteen-minute period by pressing the MODE button. After the first low battery alarm, the alarm will sound 8 again every fifteen minutes until the voltage drops to the Very Low Battery level. The Very Low Battery level occurs in the NiCad battery when the battery voltage drops to 3.18 volts. Due to the risk of imminent shut down, when the battery voltage reaches the Very Low Battery level it is no longer possible to silence the low battery alarms. At this point, it is necessary to immediately leave the hazardous area in which the instrument is being used. When the voltage drops to 3.15 volts, the PhD5 will display a "Dead Battery" message to warn the user of imminent shut down. The instrument will then automatically turn itself off. After any low battery alarm the batteries should be promptly replaced if the PhD5 is equipped with alkaline batteries or the battery should be immediately recharged if the PhD5 is equipped with a NiCad rechargeable battery Low battery alarm settings for alkaline battery packs If the PhD5 has been equipped with a disposable alkaline battery pack the initial low battery alarm will be activated when voltage is reduced to 3.2 Volts. A protective shutdown occurs at 3.18 Volts (displayed as 3.2V). Use only Duracell MN1500 or Ultra MX1500, Eveready Energizer E91-LR6, Eveready EN91 (not ATEX approved), Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.5V Alkaline batteries, Eveready CH15 (not ATEX approved) or Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.2V NiCad batteries, or Eveready L91 size AA 1.5V Lithium batteries (not CSA or ATEX approved). Substitution of batteries may impair intrinsic safety Other alarms and special microprocessor features PhD5 software includes a number of additional alarms designed to ensure the proper operation of the instrument. When the PhD5 detects that an electronic fault or failure condition has occurred, the proper audible and visible alarms are activated and an explanatory message is displayed. The PhD5 is designed to detect potentially life threatening atmospheric conditions. Any alarm condition should be taken seriously. The safest course of action is to immediately leave the affected area, and return only after further testing determines that the area is once again safe for entry. 1.6 Other electronic safeguards Several automatic programs prevent tampering and misuse of the PhD5 by unauthorized persons. Each time the detector is turned on, the PhD5 automatically tests the LED alarm lights and audible alarm. The battery is monitored continuously for proper voltage. The PhD5 also monitors the connection of sensors that are currently installed. The detection of any electronic faults causes the activation of the audible and visible alarms and causes the display of the appropriate explanatory message Security beep The PhD5 offers a security beep that may be configured to beep at defined intervals to indicate that the instrument is turned on. Optional set-up choices, including security beep settings, are accessed through the Options Menu. See section for details on the security beep. 1.7 Classification for intrinsic safety The PhD5 has the following certifications for intrinsic safety: UL Class I, Division 1, Groups A, B, C, and D

11 UL Class ll, Division 1, Groups E, F, and G CSA Class I, Division 1, Groups A, B, C, and D These classifications extend to instrument when operated with the motorized pump. 1.8 Sensors The PhD5 can be configured to simultaneously monitor Oxygen, combustible gases and vapors and from one to three toxic gases. Up to four sensors can be installed in the PhD5. With the Duo Tox dual channel CO/H 2S sensor installed, the instrument is capable of displaying readings for up to five different channels of detection: O 2, LEL, CO, H 2S and one other toxic sensor. The sensor configuration of the PhD5 can be specified at the time of purchase, or changed in the field by appropriately trained personnel. A sensor that cannot be calibrated or is found to be out of tolerance must be replaced immediately. An instrument that fails calibration may not be used until testing with known concentration test gas determines that accuracy has been restored, and the instrument is once again fit for use. Calibration procedures are discussed in detail in Chapter Continuous sample draw pump An optional slip-on, motorized sample-draw pump is available for situations requiring continuous "hands free" remote monitoring. The pump contains a pressure sensor that detects restrictions in airflow caused by water or other fluids being drawn into the unit and immediately acts to turn the pump off in order to protect the sensors, pump, and other PhD5 components from damage. Pump status is continuously monitored by the PhD5 microprocessor. A flashing P located in the upper left corner of the LCD display indicates that the pump is attached and in normal operation. Low flow or other pump fault conditions activate audible and visible alarms and cause the display of the appropriate explanatory message Black box data recorder Every PhD5 purchased without a datalogger includes a black box data recorder that functions similarly to a datalogger, with one important distinction. The data stored in a PhD5 with a datalogger option can be accessed directly by the user with Biosystems Biotrak Software. Instruments with the black box data recorder store the same data as the datalogger, but the instrument must be sent back to Biosystems for data retrieval. If the data stored in a PhD5 equipped with a black box data recorder is needed, simply call Biosystems Instrument Service Department at (860) for a return authorization number and send the instrument back to Biosystems. Biosystems will extract the data from the instrument and print an incident report at no charge. You only pay for shipping. Datalogging functions are discussed in detail in Chapter Remote Vibrating Alarm The PhD5 can be equipped with an optional remote vibrating alarm for use in noisy environments. The MHP-1 or MHP-2 remote alarm is designed to be worn on a belt or shirt collar or placed inside a pocket, and is connected to the instrument via a 20" or 40" cable respectively. During an alarm condition the MHP will vibrate continuously until the alarm condition is resolved. Note: To use the MHP-1 or MHP-2 remote alarms, the PhD5 must be equipped with the remote alarm connector PhD5 design components (1) Case: The instrument is enclosed in a metal plated ABS case. A rubber gasket between the upper and lower sections of the case protects against leakage or exposure to liquids. (2) Front face: The front face of the instrument houses the meter display and alarm lights. (3) LCD display: A graphics liquid crystal display (LCD) allows display of readings, messages, and other information. (4) Alarm lights: Four LED (light emitting diode) alarm lights provide a visual indication of alarm state. Each light emits a bright red light when a sensor alarm level is exceeded. In addition, one of the alarm light assemblies includes a photosensor used to monitor the level of background illumination. A back-light automatically brightens the meter display whenever the instrument is taken into a dark area. (5) On / Off "MODE" button: The large black push-button is called the "MODE" button. It is used to turn the PhD5 on and off as well as to control most other operations, including automatic calibration adjustment. (6) Sensor compartment cover: The sensors are protected by a vented sensor compartment cover. A water resistant PVC gasket and inner-liner protect the instrument against leakage or exposure to liquids. (7) Audible alarm orifice: A cylindrical orifice extending through the sensor compartment cover houses the loud audible alarm. The waterproof audible alarm seats directly to the rubber inner-liner to protect the instrument against leakage or exposure to liquids. (8) Battery pack: Two types of interchangeable battery packs (rechargeable NiCad and disposable alkaline) are available for use. NiCad battery packs may be recharged while the pack is installed in the instrument, or removed from the instrument for separate recharging. Chapter 2 of this manual covers battery replacement and charging procedures. (9) Battery charger connector: A water resistant connector at the rear of the case is used to connect the PhD5 to the drop in style charger. (10) Bottom surface: A sturdy belt clip allows the user to wear the PhD5 on a belt or other article of clothing. Snaps are provided to hold the PhD5 securely in the padded leather weather cover. (11) Key pad: The belt clip may be slipped towards the rear of the instrument to allow access to the instrument key pad. The key pad consists of four navigation buttons labeled 3,4,5,6. These buttons are normally only used during setup and other programming procedures. Use of these push-buttons is reserved for authorized personnel PhD5 standard accessories Standard accessories included with every PhD5 include sample draw / calibration adapter, hand-aspirated sample-draw kit, 2 feet of additional tubing for use during calibration, screwdriver, reference manual, quick reference card and training CD-ROM. The sample draw kit consists of a sample draw / calibration adapter, squeeze bulb, sample probe, replacement sample probe filters, and ten feet of tubing. Standard configurations of the PhD5 are delivered in a foamlined box.

12 Alkaline PhD5 detectors If the PhD5 has been purchased as an alkaline instrument, the standard accessories include an alkaline battery pack and a set of 3 disposable AA alkaline batteries NiCad PhD5 detectors If the PhD5 has been purchased as a NiCad instrument, the standard accessories include both alkaline and NiCad battery packs, a set of 3 disposable AA alkaline batteries and a slip in PhD5 fast charger PhD5 kits PhD5 detectors may also be purchased as part of a complete kit that includes calibration gas, calibration gas regulator and a hard-shell carrying case PhD5 Confined Space Kits In addition to the standard accessories listed above, Confined Space Kits also include calibration fittings, fixed-flow regulator with pressure gauge, and appropriate large cylinder(s) of calibration gas in a foam-lined, waterproof hard-shell carrying case PhD5 Value Packs PhD5 Value Packs include an alkaline PhD5, all standard accessories, calibration fittings, small cylinder(s) of calibration gas, and fixed flow rate regulator in a foam-lined non-waterproof hard-shell carrying case. Figure 1.1. Major PhD5 Features (Top and Front Surfaces) Figure 1.2. Major PhD5 Features (Bottom Surface) Chapter 2. Basic operation This chapter will cover how to use the PhD5 for safe work in potentially hazardous atmospheres. 2.1 Operational warnings and cautions 1. The PhD5 personal, portable gas detector has been designed for the detection of dangerous atmospheric conditions. An alarm condition indicates the presence of a potentially life-threatening hazard and should be taken very seriously. 2. In the event of an alarm condition it is important to follow established procedures. The safest course of action is to immediately leave the affected area, and to return only after further testing determines that the area is once again safe for entry. Failure to immediately leave the area may result in serious injury or death. 3. Use only Duracell MN1500 or Ultra MX1500, Eveready Energizer E91-LR6, Eveready EN91 (not ATEX approved), Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.5V Alkaline batteries, Eveready CH15 (not ATEX approved) or Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.2V NiCad batteries, or Eveready L91 size AA 1.5V Lithium batteries (not CSA or ATEX approved). Substitution of batteries may impair intrinsic safety. 4. The accuracy of the PhD5 should be checked periodically with known concentration calibration gas. Failure to check accuracy can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. 5. The accuracy of the PhD5 should be checked immediately following any known exposure to contaminants by testing with known concentration test gas before further use. Failure to check accuracy can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. 6. A sensor that cannot be calibrated or is found to be out of tolerance should be replaced immediately. An instrument that fails calibration may not be used until testing with known concentration test gas determines that accuracy has been restored, and the instrument is once again fit for use. 7. Do not reset the calibration gas concentration unless you are using a calibration gas concentration that differs from the one that is normally supplied by Biosystems for use in calibrating the PhD5. Customers are strongly urged to use only Biosystems calibration materials when calibrating the PhD5. Use of non-standard calibration gas and/or calibration kit components can lead to dangerously inaccurate readings and may void the standard Biosystems warranty. 8. Use of non-standard calibration gas and/or calibration kit components when calibrating the PhD5 can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings and may void the standard Biosystems warranty. Biosystems offers calibration kits and long-lasting cylinders of test gas specifically developed for easy PhD5 calibration. Customers are strongly urged to use 10

13 only Biosystems calibration materials when calibrating the PhD5. 9. Substitution of components may impair intrinsic safety. 10. For safety reasons this equipment must be operated and serviced by qualified personnel only. Read and understand this reference manual before operating or servicing the PhD A rapid up-scale reading followed by a declining or erratic reading may indicate a hazardous combustible gas concentration that exceeds the PhD5 s zero to 100 percent LEL detection range. 2.2 On and off sequences The circular push-button on the top of the PhD5 case is called the MODE button. It is used to turn the PhD5 on and off, to initiate the automatic calibration sequence, and to confirm menu choices Start-up sequence To turn the PhD5 on: 1. Press the MODE button once and release it. The PhD5 s OTP and software versions (in this case versions 0.21 and 3.90) and serial number will be shown before the instrument begins to load the instrument and sensor data. biosystems OTP Ver biosystems PhD5 Ver S/N Loading Instrument Data Loading Sensors O 2 Loading Sensors O 2 LEL The PhD5 will then automatically go through an electronic selftest and start-up sequence that will take approximately thirty seconds. During the self-test sequence, the visual LED alarm lights will flash, and the audible alarm will sound. The PhD5 will also determine which Smart Sensors are currently installed in the instrument, and whether there have been any changes since the last time the instrument was used. The instrument will then proceed through the time/date and battery/temperature screens. Date 12 NOV 2006 Time 14:25 Battery = 3.9V Temp = 71F 22C Note: The temperature shown is actually a reading taken on the inside of the instrument case in the area where the sensors are located and may not correspond with ambient 11 air temperatures. The PhD5 microprocessor uses these readings to compensate for temperature changes in the sensor compartment. If the PhD5 has a fully enabled datalogger, the DATALOGGER screen will be shown with the sampling interval in minutes at left along with the number of hours that the datalogger will store data before the memory is full at right. Once the datalogger memory is full, new data will begin to replace the oldest data. DATALOGGER 01: HR Instructions for modifying the datalogger sampling interval are contained in chapter 5. The PhD5 will then proceed to the RAM test. Testing RAM Please Wait The instrument will proceed to display the current alarm settings of the sensors it detects. CURRENT ALARM LEVELS O 2 = LEL = 10% Other alarm level screens may be shown depending upon the configuration of the instrument. If calibration is due, the instrument will show the calibration due screen. Press the MODE button to acknowledge that calibration is due and proceed to the current gas readings screen. Note: PhD5 alarm settings are adjustable by the user and may be set anywhere within the detection range of the specific sensor type. Factory default settings may be easily restored at any time. Sensor ranges for individual PhD5 sensors are given in Appendix C. The procedure for changing alarm settings is discussed in section If calibration is due, the instrument will show the calibration due screen and list the sensors that are due for calibration. CALIBRATION DUE O 2 LEL CO H 2 S CALIBRATION DUE MODE=Acknowledge Press the MODE button to acknowledge that calibration is due and proceed to the current gas readings screen. Note: If the calibration due warning is shown, the PhD5 should be calibrated prior to use. For further details on calibration and verification requirements, see Appendix F. After the self-test and start-up sequence is completed, the current gas level screen will be shown. This screen displays sensors currently installed and the current readings. When the instrument is operated in Basic, Basic/Peak or Technician mode, numerical readings are shown. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO Current gas level screen in Basic, Basic/Peak and Technician modes with no alarms present.

14 If the instrument is operated in the Text Only mode an OK message will be displayed as long as measured concentrations are below the alarm set points. If a reading exceeds an alarm level, the message for the affected sensor channel will change from OK to a numerical reading, the LED alarm light will flash, and the audible alarm will sound. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO 2 OK OK OK OK OK Current gas level screen in Text Only mode, no alarms present Other start-up screens Several additional screens may be shown under some circumstances. Some screens may require the user to acknowledge the message by pressing the MODE button Non-standard alarms During the start up sequence, if the instrument detects a low oxygen alarm setpoint of less than 18% or an LEL ceiling alarm setpoint of greater than 30%, the LCD will display a warning message indicating non-standard alarms and will then display the non-standard alarm setting(s) for the specific sensor(s). WARNING Alarms Non-Standard LEL Ceiling=50% MODE=Acknowledge Press the MODE button to acknowledge and use the nonstandard settings. Note: Factory default settings may be easily restored at any time. The procedure for restoring factory default alarm settings is covered in section Warning Sensor Needs Cal The PhD5 will display the Warning Sensor Needs Cal message for any of the following reasons: 1. The instrument s sensor configuration has been modified since the last time the instrument was used. 2. The last calibration was not successfully completed. 3. The current date exceeds the calibration due date that has been programmed into the instrument. A sensor that cannot be calibrated or is found to be out of tolerance should be replaced immediately. An instrument that fails calibration may not be used until testing with known concentration test gas determines that accuracy has been restored, and the instrument is once again fit for use. The Needs Cal warning message may be acknowledged (and silenced) by pressing the MODE button. Recommended calibration frequency is discussed in appendix F Shut-down sequence To turn the PhD5 off, hold the MODE button down until the Release Button message appears. After the MODE button is released the display will show the messages Release Button and "Begin SHUTDOWN Please Wait. The shutdown sequence is complete when the display blanks out. Release Button Begin SHUTDOWN Please Wait Saving Instrument Data Saving O 2 Sensor Data Etc. Once all sensor data has been saved, the PhD5 will then shut itself off. 2.3 Operating modes The PhD5 offers a choice of four modes of operation: "Text Only, "Basic, Basic/Peak and "Technician. Mode selection should be based on how much information is required, the skill level of the user, and the nature of the job. Text Only Mode: Displays OK for gas-level concentrations unless an alarm condition is present. Upon alarm condition, actual gas-level concentrations will be displayed. 2 screens available (toggle by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Information screen (see below). Basic Mode: Gas-level concentrations always displayed. Access to calibration functions. 2 screens available (toggle by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Information screen (see below). Basic/Peak Mode: Gas-level concentrations always displayed. Access to calibration functions. 3 screens available (scroll by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Peak readings screen (see below). 3. Information screen (see below). Technician Mode: Gas-level concentrations always displayed. Access to calibration functions. 4 screens available (scroll by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Peak readings screen (see below). 3. STEL/TWA/AVG readings screen (see below). 4. Information screen (see below). The INFORMATION screen (shown below) can be accessed from any of the four operating modes by pressing the MODE button. 08:15 74F 23C 00:15:34 3.9V MENU Regardless of mode selection, the PhD5 remembers the peak readings of all gases measured, and is calculating the average readings, Time Weighted Average (TWA) and Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) for any toxic gas sensors installed. Regardless of mode selection the PhD5 will go into alarm whenever any alarm set point is exceeded. 12

15 2.3.1 Text Only mode The simplest mode of operation is the "Text Only" mode. In Text Only mode during normal operation, the LCD screen indicates "OK unless an alarm condition is present. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO 2 OK OK OK OK OK Current gas level screen in Text Only mode, no alarms present. If an alarm condition occurs the PhD5 will no longer display OK for the sensor that is in alarm. Instead, the display will show the numerical gas reading value for the sensor channel in flashing reverse text. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO OK OK OK OK Current gas level screen in Text Only mode, oxygen alarm PhD5 alarms are self-resetting unless the alarm latch is enabled. When the PhD5 s alarm latch is enabled, the audible and visible alarms will continue to sound after the atmospheric hazard has cleared. To reset the alarms, simply press the MODE button. If the PhD5 s alarm latch is disabled and the alarm condition is no longer present, the instrument automatically returns to normal operation, and the visible and audible alarms cease without further input from the user. For more information on the alarm latch see section In Text Only mode, the information screen (see above) is also available to the user. Press the MODE button to toggle back and forth between the current gas level and information screens. Note: It is not possible to initiate the automatic calibration sequence while the PhD5 is in Text Only mode. To initiate the Auto-Calibration procedure, the PhD5 must be in Basic, Basic/Peak or Technician mode Basic mode Basic mode is designed for users who require numerical sensor readings at all times. In Basic mode numerical gas level readings are always provided and it is possible to initiate the automatic calibration sequence in order to make fresh air and span calibration adjustments. Calibration procedures are discussed in detail in Chapter 4. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO Current gas level screen in Basic, Basic/Peak and Technician Modes, no alarms present. An alarm condition occurs when one of the sensor readings exceeds the pre-set alarm level. When an alarm condition occurs, the display will show the numerical gas reading value for the sensor channel in flashing reverse text, the LED alarm lights will flash, and the audible alarm will sound. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO Current gas level screen in Basic, Basic/Peak and Technician Modes, alarm condition. PhD5 alarms are self-resetting unless the alarm latch is enabled. When the PhD5 s alarm latch is enabled, the audible and visible alarm will continue to sound after the atmospheric hazard has cleared. To reset the alarms after the atmospheric hazard has cleared, simply press the MODE button. If the PhD5 s alarm latch is disabled and the alarm condition is no longer present, the instrument automatically returns to normal operation, and the visible and audible alarms cease without further input from the user. For more information on the alarm latch see section In Basic mode, the information screen is also available to the user. While in Basic mode the MODE button may be used to toggle back and forth between the current gas level and information screens Basic/Peak mode The Basic/Peak mode of operation provides users with numerical sensor readings and access to the peak readings screen. In Basic/Peak mode it is possible initiate the automatic calibration sequence in order to make fresh air and span calibration adjustments. Calibration procedures are discussed in detail in Chapter Peak readings Peak readings for the accumulations of combustible gases and vapors, and for the accumulation of toxic gases represent the highest values registered by the instrument during the period of operation. Peak readings are updated at a rate of once per second. Peak readings for oxygen include both the highest and lowest values registered by the instrument during the period of operation. PEAK LOW HIGH O Peak oxygen readings screen in Basic/Peak and Technician modes. PEAK LEL CO H 2 S SO Peak LEL and toxic readings screen in Basic/Peak and Technician modes. While in Basic/Peak mode the MODE button may be used to scroll through the current gas level, peak readings, and information screens To reset peak readings Peak readings may be reset during any period of operation. To reset the peak readings: 1. Press the MODE button until the peak oxygen reading screen appears. PEAK LOW HIGH O Hold the right navigation arrow down for approximately one second or until the following screen appears: Reset Peaks? YES NO 3. With YES highlighted, press the MODE button to reset the peak settings Note: If peak readings are reset, the PhD5 s data recorder automatically records that the peak readings have been reset and the word PEAK in the peak readings screen will be highlighted for the remainder of the current operating session. PEAK LOW HIGH O Technician mode Technician mode provides access to all advanced functions and displays of the PhD5. 13

16 While in Technician mode the MODE button may be used to scroll through the current gas level, peak readings, STEL, TWA, AVG and information screens STEL The STEL (Short Term Exposure Limit) for a particular toxic gas is the maximum average concentration to which an unprotected worker may be exposed in any 15 minute interval during the day. The STEL value displayed by the PhD5 is the average concentration for the most recently completed 15 minutes of operation. Note: For the first 15 minutes after the PhD5 is initially turned on the STEL reading is a projected value. The PhD5 will begin projecting a STEL value after the first 30 seconds of operation. For the first 30 seconds the STEL screen will show an "X" in place of the reading. The STEL reading is continuously updated. Audible and visible alarms will be activated immediately any time the most recent 15-minute average exceeds the STEL alarm set point. STEL CO H 2 S SO STEL screen in Technician Mode: Appendix A discusses Permissible Exposure Limit alarm calculations in greater detail TWA readings Time Weighted Average or TWA values are calculated by taking the sum of exposure to a particular toxic gas in the current operating session in terms of parts-per-million-hours and dividing by an eight-hour period. TWA CO H 2 S SO TWA screen in Technician Mode: Note: It is not possible to calculate a toxic gas TWA reading until the PhD5 has been operating for 15 minutes. For the first 15 minutes after start-up, the TWA screen will show an X in place of the calculation. After 15 minutes, the TWA calculation will be shown. Appendix A discusses Permissible Exposure Limit alarm calculations in greater detail Average readings The average readings displayed by the PhD5 are the simple arithmetic averages registered by the instrument during the current operating session. AVERAGE O 2 LEL Average readings screen for O 2 and LEL in Technician Mode Changing operating modes To change the PhD5 s operating mode: 1. Expose the four navigation arrows on the back of the PhD5 by sliding the belt clip away from the display. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO With the current gas readings screen shown press the up and down navigation arrows simultaneously. The new operating mode will be shown followed by the current gas readings screen. Operating Mode Text Only O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO 2 OK OK OK OK OK 3. Repeat step two until the appropriate operating mode is displayed. Note: Changing the operating mode or otherwise reprogramming the PhD5 is reserved for authorized employees. 2.4 Batteries PhD5 batteries are housed in removable battery packs. Two types of battery packs (rechargeable NiCad and disposable alkaline) are available for use. All battery packs are interchangeable, and designed to be easily changed or replaced while the instrument is in the field. It is not necessary to open the instrument case to replace or change the type of battery pack currently installed. Battery packs are clearly labeled as containing either NiCad or disposable alkaline batteries. The battery packs are held firmly in place by a captive screw. The PhD5 should be turned off before changing or replacing battery packs. The PhD5 must be located in a nonhazardous location whenever the alkaline batteries are removed from the alkaline battery pack. Removing the alkaline batteries from the alkaline battery pack in a hazardous location may impair intrinsic safety Alkaline battery packs The PhD5 may be equipped with an alkaline battery pack designed to hold a set of three AA disposable alkaline batteries. A set of alkaline batteries should provide up to 12 hours of continuous use. The alkaline pack must be removed from the instrument in order to replace expended batteries. The alkaline pack is removed in the same manner as the NiCad pack. The alkaline pack is opened by loosening the Phillips screw on the bottom of the battery pack then squeezing the ends of the pack and gently removing the cover. Only fully assembled alkaline battery packs may be removed or replaced while the instrument is being used in a hazardous location. Alkaline battery packs may not be opened and alkaline batteries may not be replaced while the battery pack is located in a hazardous area. Follow established safety procedures for intrinsic safety. Note: Always dispose of alkaline batteries in accordance with local ordinances. Note: The PhD5 is designed to turn itself on whenever a battery pack is removed and then replaced. This ensures that in the event of a power interruption, the instrument automatically turns itself back on. Any time the battery pack is momentarily removed or replaced it will be necessary to manually turn the PhD5 off if the instrument is not going to be put into immediate use. Use only Duracell MN1500 or Ultra MX1500, Eveready Energizer E91-LR6, Eveready EN91 (not ATEX approved), Radio Shack (not ATEX approved)size AA, 1.5V Alkaline batteries, Eveready CH15 (not ATEX approved) or Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.2V NiCad batteries, or Eveready L91 14

17 size AA 1.5V Lithium batteries (not CSA or ATEX approved). Substitution of batteries may impair intrinsic safety NiCad rechargeable battery packs When the PhD5 is operated in diffusion mode, the rechargeable NiCad battery pack is designed to provide up to 12 hours of continuous use. The NiCad pack is a sealed assembly, which may not be disassembled in the field. The NiCad battery may be recharged while the pack is installed in the instrument, or the battery pack may be removed from the instrument for separate recharging in the PhD5 Datadock combination charger / computer interface cradle. Fully assembled NiCad battery packs may be removed or replaced while the instrument is being used in a hazardous location. The PhD5 may not be located in a hazardous location while being recharged. Likewise, if the NiCad battery pack is being recharged separately from the instrument, the PhD5 Fast Charger must not be located in a hazardous area. The battery charger is not intrinsically safe, follow established safety procedures for intrinsic safety Storage guidelines for the NiCad battery. Never store NiCad-version PhD5 instruments at temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit). NiCad batteries may suffer deterioration resulting in damage to the internal components when stored at high temperatures. The battery may be irretrievably damaged resulting in reduced battery capacity and voltage. Biosystems recommends leaving PhD5 instruments with NiCad rechargeable batteries on the charger when not in use Charging guidelines for NiCad battery The NiCad battery in the PhD5 should never be charged at temperatures lower than 5 degrees Celsius (40 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher than 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit. Charging at temperature extremes can cause permanent damage the PhD5 NiCad battery. The PhD5 must be located in a nonhazardous location during the charging cycle. Charging the PhD5 in a hazardous location may impair intrinsic safety Charging procedure for NiCad battery 1. Check that the instrument is turned off. (If it is not, press the mode button until the message "Release button" appears. 2. Connect the charger cradle to the 110 VAC (220VAC for European units) wall cube power source. 3. Plug the wall cube in and check to see that the PWR (power-on) indicator LED on the charger cradle is lit. 4. Slip the PhD5 into the charger cradle and check to see that the FAST (fast charger) indicator LED on the charger cradle is lit (American units only). Note: European units require 12 full hours to fully charge. Note for American units only: The FAST indicator will initially light up and remain lit for the first 15 minutes of charging regardless of the battery pack voltage. 5. When charging is complete the FAST indicator will turn off. Charging is complete any time after the TRICKLE (trickle charge) indicator is lit (American units only). CAUTION To achieve optimal charge and ensure long battery life of the NICAD battery, make sure that charging takes place in an area where the ambient air temperature is between 40 and 86 degrees Fahrenheit (5 and 30 degrees Celsius). Charging the battery in temperatures above or below this range can damage the battery and will drastically affect battery life. Figure 2.1 PhD5 Fast Charger Charging the NiCad battery pack separately from the instrument 1. Check that the instrument is turned off. (If it is not, press the mode button until the message "Release button" appears. 2. Connect the charger cradle to the 110 VAC (220VAC for European units) wall cube power source. 3. Plug the wall cube in and check to see that the PWR (power-on) indicator LED on the charger cradle is lit. 4. Remove the NiCad battery pack from the PhD5 5. Slip the NiCad battery pack into the charger as shown in Figure 2.2. Check to see that the FAST (fast charge) indicator LED is lit (American Units only). Note For European units only: Once the battery is slipped into the charger you must wait 12 hours to ensure a full charge. 6. Charging is complete any time after the TRICKLE (trickle charge) indicator is lit (American units only). Figure 2.2 Placement of NiCad Battery Pack in Datadock Cycling NiCad battery packs If the NiCad battery is not lasting as long as it should, try exercising or "cycling" the battery. To cycle the NiCad battery pack: 15

18 1. Install the battery pack in the PhD5 and turn the instrument on. 2. Allow the instrument to run until the low battery voltage alarms have been activated. 3. Recharge the NiCad battery pack. 4. Repeat procedure as necessary. Over a period of three or four days charge cycles it is frequently possible to restore a significant portion of lost performance. If cycling fails to improve performance, the battery pack should be replaced Low battery alarms Regardless of the type of battery pack currently installed, alarms will be activated whenever battery voltage is too low to allow the safe operation of the instrument. The PhD5 is designed to automatically determine which type of battery pack has been installed, and use the appropriate low battery alarm settings NiCad low battery alarms The PhD5 includes low battery alarms that are activated whenever battery voltage approaches a level that will soon lead to instrument shut down. When the battery voltage in the NiCad battery is reduced to approximately 3.2 volts, an audible alarm will sound and the display will indicate that a low battery condition exists. At this stage, the low battery alarms may be silenced for a fifteen-minute period by pressing the MODE button. After the first low battery alarm, the alarm will sound again every fifteen minutes until the voltage drops to the Very Low Battery level. The Very Low Battery level occurs in the NiCad battery when the battery voltage drops to 3.18 volts. Due to the risk of imminent shut down, when the battery voltage reaches the Very Low Battery level it is no longer possible to silence the low battery alarms. At this point, it is necessary to immediately leave the hazardous area in which the instrument is being used. When the voltage drops to 3.15 volts, the PhD5 will display a "Dead Battery" message to warn the user of imminent shut down. The instrument will then automatically turn itself off. After any low battery alarm the batteries should be replaced if the PhD5 is equipped with alkaline batteries or the battery should be recharged if the PhD5 is equipped with a NiCad rechargeable battery. Note: After any low battery alarm the batteries should be promptly replaced if the PhD5 is equipped with alkaline batteries or the battery should be immediately recharged if the PhD5 is equipped with a NiCad rechargeable battery Low battery alarm settings for alkaline battery packs If the PhD5 has been equipped with a disposable alkaline battery pack the initial low battery alarm will be activated when voltage is reduced to 3.18 Volts with a protective shutdown occurring shortly thereafter. Use only Duracell MN1500 or Ultra MX1500, Eveready Energizer E91-LR6, Eveready EN91 (not ATEX approved), Radio Shack (not ATEX approved)size AA, 1.5V Alkaline batteries, Eveready CH15 (not ATEX approved) or Radio Shack (not ATEX approved) size AA 1.2V NiCad batteries, or Eveready L91 size AA 1.5V Lithium batteries (not CSA or ATEX approved). Substitution of batteries may impair intrinsic safety. 2.5 Methods of sampling The PhD5 may be used to sample the immediate vicinity in diffusion mode, or it may be used to sample remote locations. Sampling remote locations requires the use of either the manual sample draw kit that is included with the PhD5 at purchase, or the PhD5 motorized sample pump that is available separately. In normal operation, the PhD5 functions as a diffusion-style gas detector. The atmosphere reaches the sensors by diffusing through the vents in the sensor compartment cover. Normal air movements are enough to carry the sample to the sensors. Once turned on, the PhD5 monitors continuously. The sensors react quickly to changes in the concentrations of the gases being measured. This type of "diffusion" operation monitors only the atmosphere immediately surrounding the detector. To sample remote locations, It is necessary to use one of the two sample-draw kits that are available for the PhD5. A manual sample draw kit comes as a standard accessory with every PhD5 and includes a sample draw probe, squeeze bulb and ten feet of tubing. A motorized sample draw pump is also available. In either case the sample is drawn in through a sample draw probe, and then proceeds through a length of hose back to the sensor compartment Using the hand-aspirated sample draw kit 1. Connect the end of the hose that is closer to the squeeze bulb to the sample draw adapter. Then connect the other end of the hose to the sample probe as shown in Figure Attach the sample draw adapter to the PhD5 as shown in Figure Cover the end of the sample draw probe assembly with a finger, and squeeze the aspirator bulb. If there are no leaks in the sample draw kit components, the bulb should stay deflated for a few seconds. 4. Insert the end of the sample probe into the location to be sampled. 5. Squeeze the aspirator bulb several times to draw the sample from the remote location to the sensor compartment. Allow one squeeze of the bulb for every one foot of sampling hose for the sample to reach the sensors. Continue to squeeze the bulb for an additional 45 seconds or until readings stabilize. 6. Note the gas measurement readings. Figure PhD5 hand-aspirated sample draw kit 16

19 Pump Detected Figure PhD5 with hand-aspirated sample draw kit attached Hand aspirated remote sampling only provides continuous gas readings for the area in which the probe is located while the bulb is being continuously squeezed. Each time a reading is desired, it is necessary to squeeze the bulb a sufficient number of times to bring a fresh sample to the sensor compartment Motorized sample draw pump Use of the motorized sample draw pump allows the PhD5 to continuously monitor remote locations. The pump is powered by the PhD5 battery. When the pump is attached and functioning normally, a flashing P will appear in the upper left hand corner of the LCD display. 5. When prompted cover the end of the sample draw probe assembly with a finger. If there are no leaks in the sample draw components, a message will be displayed indicating that the pump test passed. Pump Testing Block Sample Pump Test Passed, Remove Blockage 6. Insert the end of the sample probe into the location to be sampled. 7. Wait long enough for the pump to have drawn the sample through the entire length of hose, and for the sensors to have stabilized. (Allow one additional second for each foot or three seconds for each meter of sample hose.) 8. Note the gas measurement readings P O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO CAUTION: Never perform remote sampling with the PhD5 without the sample probe assembly. The sample probe handle contains replaceable filters designed to block moisture and remove particulate contaminants. If the pump is operated without the probe assembly in place, contaminants may cause damage to the pump, sensors and internal components of the PhD5. The sample draw pump includes a pressure sensor designed to protect the PhD5 from exposure to water or other liquids. If there is a sufficient change in pressure in the sample draw assembly due to fluid intake or other blockage, the pump immediately shuts down. After a few seconds audible and visible alarms indicating a low flow condition will also be activated. CAUTION: Insertion of the sample draw tube into a fluid horizontally or at a low angle may lead to water ingress and may cause damage to the PhD5. The pressure sensor in the sample draw pump is designed to detect pressure changes while the sample-draw probe is being held in a vertical position. If the probe is held horizontally or at a low angle while inserted into a fluid, a pressure drop sufficient to cause the pump to shut down may not be generated, and water could be drawn into the pump assembly causing damage to the pump, sensors and internal components of the PhD5. To avoid potential damage, care must be taken to keep the probe vertical whenever fluids may be present Using the continuous sample draw pump 1. Connect the pump to the hose and probe assembly as shown in Figure Slide the pump onto the PhD5 as shown in Figure Make sure the pump is securely attached by the captive screw. 4. Turn on the PhD5. The pump will be activated automatically when properly attached to the PhD5. The display will indicate the the pump has been detected. Figure Motorized sample draw pump and probe assembly Figure PhD5 with sample drawing pump attached Protective low-flow alarm The PhD5 will go into alarm if the instrument detects blockage of the sample draw system while the continuous sample pump is engaged. The following screens will be shown LOW PUMP FLOW Remove Blockage and Press Mode Remove the blockage and press the MODE button to continue. If a low flow alarm occurs and the sample draw assembly cannot be immediately cleared, the following steps should be taken before the instrument is put back into use: 1. Turn off the PhD5 detector and disconnect the sample draw pump. 2. Remove the sample draw assembly from the area being monitored. Be careful to keep the sample draw probe in a vertical position. 17

20 3. Examine the sample draw probe and hose to make sure no fluids remain trapped. 4. Allow any trapped fluids to completely drain. (It may be necessary to disconnect the hose or sample draw probe before drainage can occur.) 5. Replace the filters in the sample draw probe as necessary. 6. Re-attach the pump in fresh air and wait for readings to stabilize. 7. Resume sampling Resuming diffusion monitoring To resume diffusion monitoring, simply disconnect the pump assembly from the PhD5. The audible and visual alarms will be activated and the LCD will display the message Pump Disconnect. Press the MODE button to acknowledge the disconnection and resume normal diffusion operation. PUMP DISCONNECT Press Mode Sample probe assembly The sample probe handle contains moisture barrier and particulate filters designed to remove contaminants that might otherwise harm the instrument. Particulate contaminants are removed by means of a cellulose filter. The hydrophobic filter includes a 0.1 µm Teflon barrier which blocks the flow of moisture as well as any remaining particulate contaminants. Sample probe filters should be replaced whenever visibly discolored due to contamination. A spare filter replacement kit (Biosystems part number K0401) is included with every PhD Changing sample probe filters Unscrew the threaded sample probe handle (as shown in Figure ) to access the filters. The particulate filter is held in place by means of a clear filter cup. To replace the particulate filter, remove the old filter and cup, insert a new filter into the cup, and slide the cup back into place in the probe handle. The hydrophobic barrier filter fits into a socket in the rear section of the probe handle. (The narrow end of the hydrophobic barrier filter is inserted towards the rear of the handle.) Changing sample probe tubes The standard 11.5 long clear plastic probe tube is held in place by means of a hex-nut compression fitting and compression sleeve. The standard probe tube is designed to be easily interchangeable with other custom length sections of 1/4 OD tubing, or probe tubes made of other materials (such as stainless steel). Probe tubes are exchanged by loosening the hex-nut compression fitting, removing the old tube, sliding the compression sleeve into place around the new tube, inserting the new tube into the probe handle, then replacing and tightening the hex-nut. Note: The sample probe must be checked for leakage (as discussed in Section ) whenever filters or probe tubes are exchanged or replaced before being put back into service. 2.6 Smart Sensors features and replacement Each sensor installed in a PhD5 detector is equipped with its own non-volatile memory storage device or EEPROM. The contents of the sensor s memory device are designed to be read and updated directly by the PhD5. The fact that each sensor is capable of remembering and communicating important information about itself to the instrument allows for a number of important PhD5 operating benefits Identification of sensor type by the instrument Sensors installed in the PhD5 automatically identify themselves to the instrument microprocessor. The PhD5 automatically displays the recognized sensors on the liquid crystal display (LCD) and assigns alarm settings Other information stored with the sensor EEPROM The PhD5 automatically uploads the sensor serial number, the most recent calibration settings, temperature compensation curves, and current alarm settings whenever the instrument is turned on, whenever a change is made during operation, and whenever the instrument is turned off. CAUTION: Never perform remote sampling without the sample probe and hose assembly. The sample probe handle contains replaceable filters designed to block moisture and remove particulate contaminants. If the pump is operated without the probe assembly in place, contaminants may cause damage to the pump, sensors and internal components of the PhD5. 18 If a sensor is changed or replaced the PhD5 recognizes that a change has occurred, displays a Needs Cal message the next time the instrument is turned back on, and identifies the affected sensors. Even if the change is only to replace one sensor with another of the same kind, the PhD5 will still note the change in serial numbers of the sensors installed, and display the Needs Cal message.

21 Accuracy of the PhD5 should be checked periodically with known concentration calibration gas. Failure to check accuracy can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. The accuracy of sensors identified as Needing Calibration must be verified by exposure to known concentration calibration gas before the PhD5 is put back into service. Failure to do so may result in inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings Sensor removal and replacement 1. Make sure the PhD5 is turned off. 2. Remove the three Philips screws from the sensor cover and remove the sensor cover. For replacement of existing sensors perform steps A3 and A4. A3. From the outer surface of the sensor cover gently push out, with a flat blade screwdriver, the metal screen, gasket/spacer, filter/snap ring assembly in the position above the sensor(s) to be replaced and discard. The metal screen is not to be reused and its absence will not affect performance. A4. Remove any remaining traces of adhesive from the recessed hole in the sensor cover. Then proceed to step C5 or D5 depending on the sensor type. For new sensor installation perform steps B3 and B4. B3. From the outer surface of the sensor cover, push out yellow dust cap with a blunt tool. B4. Remove sensor blank from the sensor compartment. Then proceed to step C5 or D5 depending on the sensor type. For Sensors O2, LEL, CO, CO Plus, CO-H, H2S, NO, DUO- TOX perform step C5 C5. Place the new filter/snap ring assembly, with ridge side up, onto the recessed hole in the sensor cover. Firmly press into place. Then peel the backing paper from the new rubber gasket and place, adhesive side down, centered over the newly mounted filter/snap ring assembly. Now proceed to step 6. For Reactive Gas Sensors: SO2, NO2, PH3, HCN, Cl2, ClO2 perform step D5. D5. Place the new teflon spacer onto the recessed hole in the sensor cover. Firmly press into place. For optimal sensor response, there is no sensor cover-mounted, external filter element used with these sensors. Now proceed to step The new sensor must be allowed to stabilize prior to use. The following chart gives a breakdown by sensor type with the required stability period for current PhD5 sensors. The instrument does not need to be turned on while new sensors are stabilizing, but functioning batteries must be installed in the instrument. If the instrument is a NiCad unit, it may be placed in a powered charger for the duration of the stabilization period. Sensor Stabilization Period Oxygen ( ) 1 hour LEL ( (all versions)) 5 minutes All Toxic sensors except 15 minutes those shown below NH 3 Sensor 24 hours NO Sensor 9. The PhD5 will automatically recognize the changes that have been made upon turn on and display the Warning Needs Cal message. 10. Recalibrate the PhD5 with calibration gas appropriate for the new sensor before the instrument is put back into service. PhD5 programming includes safeguards to recognize maladjusted sensors. If the settings on the new sensor are significantly different from those of the old it will trigger a message that the sensor is reading Too Low or Too High for One-Button Auto-Calibration fresh air adjustment. Once the new sensor has been fresh-air calibrated using the manual calibration procedure, it will then be possible to do subsequent fresh air and span calibrations by using the mode button and One-Button Auto-Calibration procedures. Note: The first fresh air calibration adjustment after installation of a new sensor should be done using the manual calibration procedure as discussed in section 4.5 of this manual Missing sensor alarm The PhD5 is able to recognize when a sensor is removed or becomes disconnected while the instrument is in normal operation. If a sensor becomes disconnected while the instrument is turned on, the PhD5 will trigger a missing sensor alarm, the corresponding channel of the display will show an X in place of the normal sensor readings and the audible and visible alarms will be activated Sensor not found alarm If the PhD5 is suddenly unable to read the EEPROM of a smart sensor currently installed the corresponding sensor channel will show an X and the audible and visible alarms for the affected sensor channel will be activated. If a smart sensor is removed while the instrument is turned off without being replaced with another sensor, a message will be displayed during the start-up sequence indicating that the sensor is missing. Pressing the MODE button acknowledges the condition, and allows the use of the instrument for those sensors that have been successfully detected. NO TOX1 SENSOR MODE=Acknowledge 6. Press the replacement sensor into place. 7. Replace the sensor cap. 19

22 Chapter 3. Advanced Functions The microprocessor circuitry in the PhD5 makes modifications to the operational set-up parameters easy. By using the MODE button and four navigation arrows located on the instrument keypad, the user can access the Main Menu, which provides access to the operational set-up choices for the instrument. Note: This chapter does not cover advanced functions relating to datalogging or calibration. Chapter 4 covers calibration in detail. Chapter 5 covers additional menu options for PhD5 units with the datalogger upgrade. Reprogramming the PhD5 is reserved for authorized personnel. 3.1 The Main Menu The Main Menu provides access to all user-configurable options of the PhD Entering the Main Menu 1. Turn the instrument on and wait until the gas readings screen appears. 2. Press the MODE button until the information screen is displayed. 08:15 74F 23C 00:15:34 3.9V MENU 3. Hold down the left navigation arrow for 3 seconds or until appears and is highlighted. 08:15 74F 23C 00:15:34 3.9V MENU 4. Press the down navigation arrow once to highlight MENU and press the MODE button. The Main Menu will then be displayed. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 3.2 The Alarm Menu PhD5 gas level alarms are user-adjustable and may be set anywhere within the range of the sensor channel. When the alarm set point for a specific sensor channel is exceeded, the audible alarm sounds, the bright red LED alarm light blinks, and the alarm channel is displayed in flashing reverse text. PhD5 alarms are self-resetting unless the alarm latch is enabled. With the alarm latch disabled, visible and audible alarms cease when gas readings drop back below the pre-set alarm levels. With the alarm latch enabled, visible and audible alarms continue to sound after the atmospheric hazard has cleared. The user must then manually reset the alarms by pressing the MODE button. Alarm latch settings are discussed in section Factory default settings can be restored at any time during normal operation by using the procedures discussed in section Entering the Alarm Menu 1. Enter the Main Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight ALARMS. 20 ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 2. Press the MODE button to enter the Alarms Menu. The Alarms Menu will then be displayed. CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE Custom alarm settings PhD5 gas alarms are user-adjustable and may set anywhere within the range of the sensor channel. Sensor ranges for individual PhD5 sensors are given in Appendix C. To enter custom alarm settings: 1. Enter the Alarm Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight CUSTOM. CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS DISPLAY LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE 2. Press the MODE button. The current alarm settings will then be shown. CURRENT ALARM LEVELS LOW ALARM ADJUST O 2 = 19.5 % 3. Use the right and left navigation arrows to scroll through the sensors and their alarm settings until the alarm that requires adjustment is displayed. LOW ALARM ADJUST O 2 =19.5 % HIGH ALARM ADJUST O 2 =23.5 % HIGH ALARM ADJUST LEL = 10 % 4. Once the alarm that requires adjustment is reached, use the up and down navigation arrows to adjust the alarm value. HIGH ALARM ADJUST LEL = 10 % HIGH ALARM ADJUST LEL = 9 % 5. Once the desired alarm setting is reached, press the MODE button to confirm the selection or move to another sensor by following steps 3 and 4 above. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new alarm settings. The instrument will then return to the Main Menu.

23 Alarm Levels Saved Note: To disable a specific alarm, simply set the alarm value to 0% or 0 PPM Alarm and OK latches The PhD5 includes alarm latch and OK latch functions that can be enabled or disabled according to the user s requirements Alarm latch settings When the PhD5 s alarm latch is enabled, the audible and visible alarms will continue to sound after the atmospheric hazard has cleared. To reset the alarm after the hazard has cleared, simply press the MODE button. When the PhD5 s alarm latch is disabled and the alarm condition is no longer present, the instrument automatically returns to normal operation, and the visible and audible alarms cease without further input from the user. To adjust the alarm latch settings: 1. Enter the Alarm Menu as described above in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight LATCH. CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE 2. Press the MODE button. The current latch settings will then be shown. ALARM LATCH SETTINGS ALARM LATCH DISABLED 3. Once the alarm latch setting is shown, the up and down navigation arrows may be used to toggle between ENABLED and DISABLED. ALARM LATCH DISABLED ALARM LATCH ENABLED 4. Once the desired setting is shown, press the MODE button to confirm the setting. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new latch settings. The instrument will then acknowledge the new settings and return to the Main Menu. Alarm Latch Saved OK latch settings If an alarm condition occurs and clears while the PhD5 is operated in text-only mode with the OK latch enabled, the instrument will continue to display numeric readings for the sensor that was in alarm. This allows the user to know that an alarm condition was present during the current operating session. 21 If an alarm condition occurs and clears while the PhD5 is operated in text-only mode with the OK latch disabled, the PhD5 will again display OK for the sensor that was in alarm. To adjust the OK latch settings: 1. Enter the Alarm Menu as described above in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight LATCH. CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE 2. Press the MODE button. The current alarm latch setting will then be shown. ALARM LATCH SETTINGS ALARM LATCH DISABLED 3. Press the right navigation arrow once to move from the alarm latch setting to the OK latch setting. ALARM LATCH DISABLED OK LATCH DISABLED 4. Once the OK latch setting is shown, the up and down navigation arrows may be used to toggle between ENABLED and DISABLED. OK LATCH DISABLED OK LATCH ENABLED 5. Once the desired setting is shown, press the MODE button to confirm the selection. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new latch settings. The instrument will then return to the Main Menu screen. Alarm Latch Saved Default alarm settings PhD5 alarm settings are set at the factory and may be restored at any time by following the procedure below Restore factory default alarm settings 1. Enter the Alarm Menu as described above in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight DEFAULT. CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE 2. Press the MODE button. The low alarm default setting for oxygen will then be displayed. If the instrument does not have an oxygen sensor, then the LEL or toxic alarm default setting will be shown.

24 DEFAULT ALARM LEVELS DEF LOW ALARM O 2 =19.5 % 3. The right and left navigation arrows are used to scroll through the various default alarm settings. DEF LOW ALARM O 2 =19.5 % DEF HIGH ALARM O 2 =23.5 % DEF HIGH ALARM LEL=10 % 4. Press the MODE button at any time to exit. Set Def Alarms? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to restore default alarms. The instrument will then return to the Main Menu screen. Alarm Levels Saved Temperature alarm The PhD5 includes both high and low temperature alarms for all sensors recognized by the instrument. The alarm setpoints are pre-programmed into the individual sensor EE-proms and may not be modified in any way, but the high or low temperature alarms for all recognized sensors can be enabled or disabled depending on the needs of the user Enable/disable temperature alarms 1. Enter the Alarm Menu as described above in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight TEMPERATURE. CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE 2. Press the MODE button. The enabled/disabled setting for the low temperature alarm will be displayed. LOW TEMP ALARM DISABLED 3. The right and left navigation arrows are used to toggle between the high and low temperature alarm settings. LOW TEMP ALARM DISABLED HIGH TEMP ALARM DISABLED 4. Once the alarm that required adjustment is shown, the up and down navigation arrows are used to toggle between ENABLED and DISABLED. HIGH TEMP ALARM DISABLED HIGH TEMP ALARM ENABLED 5. Once appropriate setting is shown, press the MODE button to enter the new setting. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new temperature alarm settings. Temperature Alarm Saved Warning alarms. The PhD5 includes adjustable warning alarms for the toxic and combustible gas sensor channels that can be enabled or disabled according to the needs of the user. Warning alarms are normally set slightly lower than the actual alarm to warn the user of potential danger Access warning alarm settings 1. Enter the Alarm Menu as described above in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight WARNINGS. CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE 2. Press the MODE button. The following screen will then be displayed: ENABLE ADJUST TIMEOUT Enable/disable warning alarms 1. Enter the Warning Alarm subdirectory of the Alarm Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight ENABLE. ENABLE ADJUST TIMEOUT 2. Press the MODE button. The enabled or disabled setting will then be shown. WARNINGS ENABLED 3. The up and down navigation arrows may then be used to toggle between enabled and disabled. WARNINGS ENABLED WARNINGS DISABLED 4. Once the appropriate setting is shown, press the MODE button to enter the new setting. 22

25 Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new warning alarm setting Adjust warning alarm levels 1. Enter the warning alarm subdirectory of the Alarm Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight ADJUST. ENABLE ADJUST TIMEOUT 2. Press the MODE button. The warning alarm setting for either the LEL or toxic sensor will then be shown. Note: The warning alarm must be enabled for the warning alarm level to be shown. Section above covers enabling the warning alarms. HIGH WARNING ADJ. LEL= 5 % 3. The right and left navigation arrows to scroll through the various default alarm levels for the LEL and toxic sensors. HIGH WARNING ADJ. LEL = 5 % HIGH WARNING ADJ. CO = 17ppm 4. To adjust a specific alarm level, use the up and down navigation arrows to change the setting. HIGH WARNING ADJ. CO = 17ppm HIGH WARNING ADJ. CO = 18ppm 5. Use the right and left arrow keys to reach the next alarm for adjustment and repeat step 4 or press the MODE button to confirm the new warning alarm levels. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new warning alarm setting The warning alarm timeout function The timeout feature is an interval setting that allows the user to acknowledge the warning alarm and suspend it for the length of time specified by the interval Adjust warning alarm timeout interval To adjust the timeout interval: 1. Enter the warning alarm subdirectory of the Alarm Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight TIMEOUT. ENABLE ADJUST TIMEOUT 2. Press the MODE button. The timeout interval setting will then be shown. 23 TIMEOUT ADJUST TIME = 5 min 3. Use the up and down navigation arrows to change the interval setting. TIMEOUT ADJUST TIME = 5 min TIMEOUT ADJUST TIME = 4 min 4. To confirm the new timeout interval setting, press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new warning alarm setting Disabling the timeout interval 1. To disable the warning timeout function entirely, follow the directions above in section and set the time interval to 0 minutes. The following screen will then be shown. TIMEOUT ADJUST TIME DISABLED 2. To confirm the new timeout interval setting, press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 3. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new warning alarm setting LEL message The PhD5 offers an LEL warning message that can be enabled or disabled as needed by the user. The LEL MESSAGE subdirectory controls whether the instrument will display a warning message when LEL exceeds 100% or when oxygen levels drop below 10% Enable/disable LEL message 1. Enter the Alarm Menu as described above in section CUSTOM DEFAULT WARNINGS LATCH TEMPERATURE LEL MESSAGE 2. Use the navigation buttons to move to the LEL MESSAGE selection and press the mode button. LEL OVER LIMIT AND O2 TOO LOW MESSAGES ENABLED 3. The up and down arrows may be used to toggle back and forth between ENABLED and DISABLED. Once the appropriate setting is shown, press the mode button. LEL OVER LIMIT AND O2 TOO LOW MESSAGES ENABLED

26 LEL OVER LIMIT AND O2 TOO LOW MESSAGES DISABLED 4. Once the appropriate setting is shown, press the MODE button again to save changes. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 3.3 The Calibration Menu All calibration functions are covered in detail in Chapter The Options Menu The Options Menu controls operating mode selection, and security beep, language, passcode and toxic decimal settings. Each of these options is described in greater detail below Entering the Options Menu 1. Enter the Main Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight OPTIONS. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 2. Press the MODE button. The Options Menu will then be shown. CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL Adjusting the contrast To adjust the screen contrast: 1. Enter the Options Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight CONTRAST. 2. Press the MODE button. CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL Contrast Adjust Up or Down 3. Adjust the contrast with the up and down navigation arrows. When the contrast reaches the desired level press the MODE button. The PhD5 will automatically return to the Main Menu Security beep The security beep is an audible alarm that beeps on a regular basis while the PhD5 is in normal operation. The beep serves as a reminder that the instrument is turned on Adjusting the security beep 1. Enter the Options Menu as discussed in section CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL 2. From the Options Menu use the navigation arrows to highlight SEC_BEEP. One of the following screens will then be shown. Security Beep Off Security Beep On 01m 00s 3. To enable or disable the security beep, use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight OFF (or ON). The up and down navigation arrows may then be used to toggle between security beep on and security beep off. Security Beep Off Security Beep On 01m 00s 4. The interval setting will appear when the security beep is turned ON (as above). Use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight the interval if it requires adjustment. Security Beep On 01m 00s 5. Once the interval is highlighted, use the up and down navigation keys to adjust the interval. Security Beep 6 On 01m 00s Security Beep On 02m 00s 6. Once the desired interval is reached use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight. Security Beep On 02m 00s 7. Press the MODE button to enter the new setting. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 8. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new setting User Mode The PhD5 offers a choice of four modes of operation: "Text Only, "Basic, Basic/Peak and "Technician. Mode selection should be based on how much information is required, the skill level of the user, and the nature of the job Overview of user modes Text Only Mode: Displays OK for gas-level concentrations unless an alarm condition is present. Upon alarm condition, gas-level concentrations will be displayed. 2 screens available (toggle by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Information screen (see below) Basic Mode: Gas-level concentrations always displayed. Access to calibration functions. 2 screens available (toggle by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Information screen (see below). 24

27 Basic/Peak Mode: Gas-level concentrations always displayed. Access to calibration functions. 3 screens available (scroll by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Peak readings screen (see below). 3. Information screen (see below). Technician Mode: Gas-level concentrations always displayed. Access to all advanced functions. 4 screens available (scroll by pressing the MODE button): 1. Current gas readings screen (see below). 2. Peak readings screen (see below) 3. STEL/TWA/AVG readings screen (see below) 4. Information screen (see below) Regardless of mode selection, whenever the PhD5 is in use it remembers the peak readings of all gases measured, and is calculating both Time Weighted Averages and Short Term Exposure Levels for any toxic gas sensors installed. Regardless of mode selection, the PhD5 will go into alarm whenever any alarm set point is exceeded Text Only Mode The simplest mode of operation is the "Text Only" mode. In Text Only mode during normal operation, the LCD screen indicates "OK unless an alarm condition is present. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO 2 OK OK OK OK OK Current gas level screen in Text Only mode, no alarms present. If an alarm condition occurs the PhD5 will no longer display OK for the sensor that is in alarm. Instead, the display will show the numerical gas reading value for the sensor channel in flashing reverse text. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO OK OK OK OK Current gas level screen in Text Only mode, oxygen alarm In Text Only Mode, the information screen (see above) is also available to the user. Press the MODE button to toggle back and forth between the current gas level and information screens. Note: It is not possible to initiate the Auto- Calibration procedure while the PhD5 is operating in Text Only Mode. To initiate the automatic calibration sequence, the PhD5 must be in Basic, Basic/Peak or Technician Mode Basic Mode Basic mode is designed for users who require numerical sensor readings at all times. In Basic mode numerical gas level readings are always provided and it is possible to initiate the automatic calibration sequence in order to make fresh air and span calibration adjustments. Calibration procedures are discussed in detail in Chapter 4. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO Current gas level screen in Basic, Basic/Peak and Technician Modes, no alarms present. An alarm condition occurs when one of the sensor readings exceeds the pre-set alarm level. When an alarm condition occurs, the display will show the numerical gas reading value for 25 the sensor channel in flashing reverse text, the LED alarm lights will flash, and the audible alarm will sound. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO Current gas level screen in Basic, Basic/Peak and Technician Modes, alarm condition. In Basic Mode, the information screen (see above) is also available to the user. While in Basic Mode, press the MODE button to toggle between the current gas level and information screens Basic/Peak Mode In Basic/Peak Mode, numerical gas level readings are always provided and the peak readings screen is also available. As in Basic Mode, It is possible to initiate the automatic calibration functions in order to make fresh air and span calibration adjustments. Calibration procedures are discussed in detail in Chapter Peak readings Peak readings for combustible gases and vapors, and for toxic gases represent the highest values registered by the instrument during the period of operation. Peak readings are updated at a rate of once per second. Peak readings for oxygen include both the highest and lowest values registered by the instrument during the period of operation. PEAK LOW HIGH O Peak oxygen readings screen in Basic/Peak and Technician modes. PEAK LEL CO H 2 S SO Peak LEL and toxic readings screen in Basic/Peak and Technician modes. While in Basic/Peak mode the MODE button may be used to scroll through the current gas level, peak readings, and information screens. Note: The procedure for resetting peak readings is covered in section Technician Mode Technician Mode provides access to all advanced functions and displays, including Auto-Calibration. In Technician Mode, the MODE button is used to toggle scroll through the current gas level, peak readings, STEL, TWA, average and information screens STEL The STEL (Short Term Exposure Limit) for a particular toxic gas is the maximum average concentration to which an unprotected worker may be exposed in any 15-minute interval during the day. The STEL value displayed by the PhD5 is the average concentration for the most recently completed 15 minutes of operation. Note: For the first 15 minutes after the PhD5 is initially turned on the STEL reading is a projected value. The PhD5 will begin projecting a STEL value after the first 30 seconds of operation. For the first 30 seconds the STEL screen will show an "X" where the reading should be. The STEL reading is continuously updated. Audible and visible alarms will be activated immediately any time the most recent 15-minute average exceeds the STEL alarm set point.

28 STEL CO H 2 S SO STEL screen in Technician Mode Appendix A discusses Permissible Exposure Limit alarm calculations in greater detail TWA readings Time Weighted Average or TWA values are calculated by taking the sum of exposure to a particular toxic gas in the current operating session in terms of parts-per-million-hours and dividing by an eight-hour period. TWA CO H2S SO TWA screen in Technician Mode: Note: It is not possible to calculate a toxic gas TWA reading until the PhD5 has been operating for 15 minutes. For the first 15 minutes after start-up, the TWA screen will show an X in place of the calculation. After 15 minutes, the TWA calculation will be shown. Appendix A discusses Permissible Exposure Limit alarm calculations in greater detail Average readings Average readings are calculated by taking the sum of the readings in the current operating session and dividing by the amount of time that has passed in the current operating session. AVERAGE O 2 LEL Average readings screen (O 2 & LEL) in Technician Mode Changing the user mode through the Options menu 1. Enter the Options Menu as discussed in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight USER_MODE. CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL 2. Press the MODE button. The up and down arrows may then be used to toggle between operating modes. Operating Mode Text Only Operating Mode Basic Operating Mode Basic/Peak Operating Mode Technician 3. Once the preferred operating mode is displayed, press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 4. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new operating mode. Note: Changing modes or otherwise reprogramming the instrument is reserved for authorized employees Language The PhD5 can be set to display messages and readings in a variety of languages. The languages currently available are Portuguese, French, Spanish, Italian, English, Polish, and Norwegian Changing the readout language 1. Enter the Options Menu as discussed in section CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL 2. From the Options Menu use the navigation arrows to highlight LANGUAGE and press the MODE button. PORTUGUES ESPANOL ITALIANO NORSK FRANCAIS POLSKI ENGLISH 3 Use the navigation arrows to highlight the language that is to be used. PORTUGUES ESPANOL ITALIANO NORSK FRANCAIS POLSKI ENGLISH 4. Press the MODE button with the appropriate language highlighted to enter the new language setting. Francais OUI NON 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new language settings. Langue Enregistree Passcode The Passcode option in the PhD5 controls access to specific calibration subroutines and the following subdirectories of the Main Menu: ALARMS, CALIBRATION, OPTIONS, and TIME. The DATALOGGER subdirectory will also be restricted on units with the datalogger upgrade. To enter the Passcode subdirectory of the Options Menu: 1. Enter the Options Menu as discussed in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight PASSCODE. CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL 2. Press the MODE button. The following screen will then be shown. CHANGE_PASSCODE PASSCODE_ON/OFF Changing passcode settings The PhD5 has three passcode settings: Not Required means that a passcode does not need to be entered to access the subdirectories listed above or to initiate a calibration subroutine. Required Including Fresh Air Cal means that a passcode must be entered to access the subdirectories listed above and to initiate any calibration subroutine. 26

29 Required Except For Fresh Air Cal means that a passcode must be entered to access the subdirectories listed above and to initiate a span calibration, but a fresh air calibration may be performed without entering a passcode. 1. Enter the passcode subdirectory of the Options Menu as discussed in section CHANGE_PASSCODE PASSCODE_ON/OFF 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight PASSCODE_ON/OFF and press the MODE button. PassCode NOT REQUIRED 3. The up and down navigational arrows are used to toggle between the passcode options. PassCode NOT REQUIRED Passcode REQUIRED INCLUDING FRESH AIR CAL Passcode REQUIRED EXCEPT FOR FRESH AIR CAL 4. Once the desired passcode setting is displayed, press the MODE button to enter the setting. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new setting. Note: If the passcode is being enabled for the first time, the PhD5 will prompt the user to enter a passcode. Proceed to section step 2 for instructions on entering the passcode Changing the passcode 1. Enter the passcode subdirectory of the Options Menu as discussed in section CHANGE_PASSCODE PASSCODE_ON/OFF Note: If the passcode is disabled, the change passcode feature will allow the user to enter a new passcode, but the passcode feature must still be enabled as described in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight CHANGE_PASSCODE and press the MODE button. The new passcode screen will then be shown: New Passcode ENTER Use the right and left navigation arrows to select the digit for change and then use the up and down navigational arrows to change the digit itself. New Passcode ENTER New Passcode ENTER 4. Once the desired passcode is shown, press the MODE button once to highlight ENTER. New Passcode ENTER Press the MODE button to enter the new passcode. The PhD5 will then proceed to the verification screen. The new passcode will have to be entered in again. Verify Passcode ENTER New Passcode ENTER 6. Once the passcode has been re-entered, press the MODE button. ENTER will then be highlighted. New Passcode ENTER Note: Be sure to write the passcode down for future reference. 7. Press the MODE button again to confirm the new passcode. New PassCode Saved Note: is not a valid passcode value ID #: The PhD5 has memory allocated for a user-defined identification number. To enter the Passcode subdirectory of the Options Menu: 1. Enter the Options Menu as discussed in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight ID #. CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL 2. Press the MODE button. The following screen will then be shown. Id # ENTER Enter/Adjust ID # To enter or adjust the ID number. 1. Enter the ID # subdirectory of the Options Menu as discussed in section Id # ENTER 2. The up and down navigation arrows are used to adjust the highlighted digit. Id # ENTER Once the digit is correctly adjusted, use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight the next digit for adjustment

30 Id # ENTER 4. Once the ID number is correctly entered, use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight ENTER. Id # ENTER Press the MODE button to enter the new ID #. Id # Saved DECIMAL: Changing the precision of the toxic sensor readout Toxic gas readings may be given in full parts-per-million (PPM) increments, or in tenths of parts-per-million (0.1-PPM) increments for some sensors (while the reading is between 0 and 9.9PPM). If the decimal point is enabled, 0.1-PPM increments will be shown during normal operation of the toxic sensor. If the decimal point is disabled readings will be shown in full part-per-million increments. Note: The decimal point for the CO, CO Plus and the CO side of the Duo-Tox sensor can not be enabled. CO sensor readings are given only in full parts-per-million (PPM). 1. Follow the instructions in section to reach the Options Menu and use the navigation arrows to highlight DECIMAL. CONTRAST SEC_BEEP USER_MODE LANGUAGE PASSCODE ID # DECIMAL 2. Press the MODE button. The following screen will be shown: TOX1 decimal pt. DISABLED Note: If the Duo-Tox sensor is installed, the Tox2 decimal point setting will be shown, which represents the decimal point setting for the H2S sensor. 3. The up and down navigation arrows are used to toggle between the enabled or disabled setting for the sensor. The right and left navigation arrows are used to move between decimal point settings for the toxic sensors (if applicable). TOX1 decimal pt. DISABLED TOX1 decimal pt. ENABLED 4. Once the appropriate decimal point setting is shown, press the MODE button to enter the new settings. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new decimal settings. Decimal Points Saved 3.5 The Datalogger Menu The Datalogger Menu provides access to the PhD5 s datalogger settings and is discussed in detail in section The View Menu Information pertaining to alarm levels, service contact information, software versions and last calibration information may be accessed through the View Menu Entering the View Menu 1. Enter the Main Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight VIEW. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 2. Press the MODE button to enter the View Menu. ALARM_LEVELS SERVICE VER./SERIAL # LAST CAL DATE View alarm levels 1. Enter the View Menu as discussed above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight ALARM_LEVELS. ALARM_LEVELS SERVICE VER./SERIAL # LAST CAL DATE 2. Press the MODE button. The current alarm settings will then be shown. CURRENT ALARM LEVELS LOW ALARM LEVEL O 2 =19.5 % 3. The right and left navigation arrows may then be used to scroll through the various alarm settings. LOW ALARM LEVEL O 2 =19.5 % HIGH ALARM LEVEL O 2 =23.5 % HIGH ALARM LEVEL LEL= 10 % 4. Press the MODE button at any time to return to the Main Menu View service information 1. Enter the View Menu as discussed above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight SERVICE. ALARM_LEVELS SERVICE VER./SERIAL # LAST CAL DATE 2. Press the MODE button. The service information screen will be shown. For Service Call Press the MODE button to return to the Main Menu.

31 3.6.4 View Software Version / Serial Number 1. Enter the View Menu as discussed above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight VER./SERIAL #. ALARM_LEVELS SERVICE VER./SERIAL # LAST CAL DATE 2. Press the MODE button. The software version will then be shown. ALARM_LEVELS SERVICE VER./SERIAL # LAST CAL DATE 3. Press the MODE button to return to the Main Menu View last cal dates 1. Enter the View Menu as discussed above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight LAST CAL DATE. Flash V.3.90 Date 28 MAY 2004 OTP Ver Serial # Press the MODE button. The following screens will be shown in succession. LAST CALIBRATION DATES O2 LAST CAL ZERO 29JAN02 3. Use the right and left navigation arrows to scroll through the last calibration dates for all available sensors. O2 LAST CAL ZERO 29JAN02 LEL LAST CAL ZERO 29JAN02 SPAN 29FEB02 TO 50 MAX ADJUST TO Press the MODE button at any time to return to the Main Menu. 3.7 The Time Menu For PhD5 instruments that do not include the datalogger upgrade, the Time Menu provides access to date and timerelated functions. Note: PhD5 instruments with instrument firmware earlier than version 1.29 may not include the Time menu option. Note: If your PhD5 shows DATALOGGER in place of TIME in the Options Menu, proceed to Chapter Entering the Time Menu 1. Enter the Main Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight TIME. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 2. Press the MODE button to enter the Time Menu. TIME/DATE SERV_DATE Time and date settings Time in the PhD5 is always expressed in military terms (i.e. 1:00pm will appear as 13:00). To change the time and date: 1. Enter the Time Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight TIME/DATE. SERV_DATE 2. Press the MODE button. TIME/DATE Date 17 NOV 2004 Time 11:10 3. The right and left navigation arrows are used to move back and forth between the day, month, year, hour and minute settings and the option. Once the time setting that needs to be adjusted is highlighted, the up and down navigation arrows are used to make the adjustment. Date 17 NOV 2004 Time 11:10 Date 17 NOV 2004 Time 11:10 Date 17 DEC 2001 Time 11:10 4. Once the date setting is correctly entered, press the MODE button to highlight. Then press the MODE button again to enter the new settings. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to confirm the new time and date settings Service date settings The PhD5 can be programmed to automatically remind the user to service the sensors in the unit. To reach the service due date settings for the individual sensors: 1. Enter the Time Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight SERV_DATE. TIME/DATE SERV_DATE 2. Press the MODE button. The following screen will then be shown. CHANGE_SERV_DATE SERVICE_ON/OFF Enable/Disable sensor service due dates 1. Enter the service date subdirectory of the Time Menu as described above. Use the up navigation arrow to highlight SERVICE_ON/OFF. 29

32 CHANGE_SERV_DATE SERVICE_ON/OFF 2. Press the MODE button. The following screens will then be shown in succession. Sensor Service Date Warnings O 2 Service Date DISABLED 3. Use the right and left navigation arrows to scroll through the service setting date for each sensor. O 2 Service Date DISABLED LEL Service Date DISABLED 4. Once the appropriate sensor is reached, use the up and down navigation arrows to change the setting. LEL Service Date DISABLED LEL Service Date ENABLED 5. Once the appropriate sensor service due settings are shown, press the MODE button to enter the settings. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to confirm the new sensor service due dates Change sensor service due date settings 1. Enter the service date subdirectory of the Time Menu as described above. Use the up navigation arrow to highlight CHANGE_SERVICE_DATE. CHANGE_SERV_DATE SERVICE_ON/OFF 2. Press the MODE button. The following screen will then be shown in succession. Sensor Service Date Warnings NEXT O 2 SERVICE NEXT 28 FEB To advance to another sensor, press the MODE button with NEXT highlighted or proceed to step 4 below. NEXT O 2 SERVICE NEXT 28 FEB 2005 NEXT LEL SERVICE NEXT 28 FEB Once the appropriate sensor is reached, use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight the day, month or year that requires adjustment. NEXT LEL SERVICE NEXT 28 FEB 2005 NEXT LEL SERVICE NEXT 28 FEB Use the up and down navigation arrows to change the setting. NEXT LEL SERVICE NEXT 28 FEB 2005 NEXT LEL SERVICE NEXT 28 MAR Once the sensor service dates have been changed use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight. NEXT LEL SERVICE NEXT 28 MAR Press the MODE button to enter the new service dates. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 8. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to confirm the new sensor service due dates. 3.8 The Display Menu Controls for the display are contained in the Display Menu Entering the Display Menu 1. Enter the Main Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight DISPLAY. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 2. Press the MODE button to enter the Display Menu Display Settings The Display may be configured to show in either Standard (white background with black letters) or Inverse (black background with white letters). 1. Once the Display View screen is shown, press the up or down arrow to change the setting. Display View Standard Display View Inverse 2. Once the appropriate display setting is shown, press the MODE button to enter the settings. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 3. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to confirm the new display view settings.

33 Chapter 4. Calibration The PhD5 multi-gas detector has been designed for easy calibration. A single control, the on/off MODE button, can be used to initiate the automatic calibration sequence and to automatically make calibration adjustments. Recommended calibration frequency is discussed in appendix F. Note: If a sensor has just been replaced, it must be allowed to stabilize prior to initiating any of the calibration subroutines detailed below. See section for further details concerning sensor stabilization requirements. Manual and single-sensor calibration procedures can also be initiated by using the navigation arrows located on the instrument. The PhD5 s automatic calibration features are described in section 4.4 below. The PhD5 s manual calibration features are described in section 4.5 below. 4.1 Verification of accuracy Verification of accuracy is a two step procedure. Step one is to take the PhD5 to an area where the atmosphere is known to be fresh and check the readings. If the readings differ from those expected in fresh air, then a fresh air calibration adjustment must be made. Step two is to make sure the sensors are accurate by exposing them to a test gas of known concentration and noting the sensor response. Oxygen readings are considered to be accurate when the display is within ±0.5% of the expected concentration as given on the calibration gas cylinder. LEL and toxic readings are considered accurate when they are between 90% and 120% of the expected value as given on the calibration gas cylinder. If readings are accurate, there is no need to adjust your gas detector. If the readings are inaccurate, the instrument must be span calibrated before further use. Accuracy of the PhD5 should be checked periodically with known concentration calibration gas. Failure to check accuracy can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. Always check the expiration date on calibration gas cylinder(s) prior to use. Expired calibration gas can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. Biosystems offers calibration kits and long lasting cylinders of test gas specifically developed for easy PhD5 calibration. Use of non-standard calibration gas and/or calibration kit components when calibrating the PhD5 can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings, and may void the standard Biosystems warranty. Customers are strongly urged to use only Biosystems calibration materials when calibrating the PhD Effect of contaminants on PhD5 sensors The atmosphere in which the PhD5 is used can have lasting effects on the sensors. Sensors may suffer losses in sensitivity leading to degraded performance if exposed to certain substances. There are three basic types of sensors that may be installed in the PhD5: galvanic oxygen, catalytic hot-bead combustible gas, and electrochemical toxic. Each type of sensor uses a slightly different detection principle, so the kinds of conditions that affect the accuracy of the sensors vary from one type of sensor to the next Effects of contaminants on oxygen sensors Oxygen sensors may be affected by prolonged exposure to "acid" gases such as carbon dioxide. The oxygen sensors used in Biosystems instruments are not recommended for continuous use in atmospheres containing more than 25% CO 2. See Appendix B for cross-sensitivity data for the sensors used in the PhD Effects of contaminants on combustible sensors Combustible sensors will be adversely affected by exposure to substances containing volatile silicone, which is found in many commercial formulations such as spray lubricants, plastic mold(ing) release agents, waterproofing agents, heat transfer fluids, and is released during the cure of silicone-based caulks and rubbers (RTV). Other combustible gas sensor poisons and inhibitors include, but are not limited to: tetraethyl lead as in "leaded" gasoline grades (aviation "low-lead" fuel), halogenated hydrocarbons such as Freons TM, other such refrigerants and solvents such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane, perchloroethylene and methylene chloride. Chronic exposures to high concentrations (above human health and safety levels) of hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) and phosphine (PH 3) can also impair combustible sensor performance. Note: Damage to combustible gas sensors incurred by exposure to known sensor poisons such as silicones, tetraethyl lead, and/or other substances may (at the discretion of Biosystems Instrument Service Department) void Biosystems Standard Warranty as it applies to the replacement of combustible gas sensors. For a more complete list of known sensor poisons see Biosystems Standard Warranty in Appendix G. After any detector exposure to a suspected or known poison/inhibitor source, combustible sensor accuracy should be verified immediately by exposure to calibration gas of known percent LEL concentration. Note: If the combustible sensor in the PhD5 suffers a loss of sensitivity, it tends to be lost first with regards to methane. As described above, combustible gas sensors may become desensitized if exposed to certain substances. In some cases a desensitized combustible sensor may still respond accurately to propane and other hydrocarbons while showing a dangerously reduced response to methane. Biosystems Equivalent calibration gas mixtures have been developed to eliminate this potentially dangerous source of calibration error. Biosystems Equivalent mixtures are based on methane, so any loss of sensitivity to methane is detected (and can be corrected) immediately. Using Biosystems brand calibration gas and regularly verifying accuracy ensures that proper sensitivity is maintained for the life of the sensor Effects of high concentrations of combustible gas on the combustible sensor The accuracy of combustible sensors may also be affected by exposure to high concentrations of combustible gas. To minimize the chance for damage or loss of sensitivity to the combustible sensor, the PhD5 is designed to "alarm latch" whenever the concentration of combustible gas exceeds 100 percent LEL. Under these conditions an X will appear in place of the combustible gas reading to indicate that an over-limit 31

34 condition has occurred, and LEL OVERRANGE will be displayed at the bottom of the LCD. During an LEL OVERRRANGE condition, the power to the LEL sensor is interrupted and the audible and visible alarms are activated until the instrument is manually reset by turning it off. A combustible sensor over range alarm indicates a potentially explosive atmosphere. Failure to leave the area immediately may result in serious injury or death! In the event of a combustible sensor overrange alarm, the PhD5 must be turned off, brought to an area that is known to be safe and then turned on again to reset the alarm. Make sure that the PhD5 is located in fresh air before turning the instrument back on after a combustible sensor alarm latch condition has occurred. Fresh air calibration adjustments may only be made when the PhD5 is located in air that is known to be fresh. After a combustible sensor alarm-latch condition occurs, the accuracy of the combustible gas sensor must be verified by exposure to known percentage LEL concentration test gas before further use. Note: The combustible sensor used in the PhD5 requires a minimum of 10% oxygen by volume in order to generate accurate combustible gas readings. Combustible sensor accuracy may be diminished if the instrument is used in oxygen-deficient atmospheres. A rapid up-scale reading followed by a declining or erratic reading may indicate a hazardous combustible gas concentration that exceeds the PhD5 s zero to 100 percent LEL detection range. Failure to leave the area immediately may result in serious injury or death! Effects of contaminants on toxic gas sensors Biosystems substance-specific electrochemical smart sensors have been carefully designed to minimize the effects of common interfering gases. Substance-specific sensors are designed to respond only to the gases that they are supposed to measure. The higher the specificity of the sensor, the less likely the sensor will react to other gases, which may be incidentally present in the environment. For instance, a substance-specific carbon monoxide sensor is deliberately designed not to respond to other gases that may be present at the same time, such as hydrogen sulfide and methane. Although great care has been taken to reduce cross-sensitivity, some interfering gases may still have an effect on toxic sensor readings. In some cases the interfering effect may be positive and result in readings that are higher than actual. In other cases the interference may be negative and produce readings that are lower than actual. 4.3 Single sensors capable of monitoring for two different gases The OSHA standard for permit-required confined space entry (29 CFR ) explicitly requires the use of a direct-reading, substance-specific sensor whenever a particular toxic hazard is likely to be present. For example, if hydrogen sulfide is likely to be present, one of the toxic sensors selected should be specifically designed for the direct detection of H2S Using one sensor to monitor for Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide are the two most common toxic gases associated with confined space entry. 32 Biosystems offers two different sensors, the Duo-Tox and the CO Plus, which allow the user to monitor for both of these hazards while utilizing only one sensor port Biosystems Duo-Tox dual purpose Carbon Monoxide/Hydrogen Sulfide sensor The Duo-Tox sensor is a substance-specific, dual-channel, electrochemical sensor designed to directly detect both carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide without cross interference. When the Duo-Tox sensor is installed in the PhD5, it provides two independent channels of monitoring information while using only one sensor port. This allows the instrument to provide five channels of detection with only four sensors installed. A PhD5 equipped with a Duo-Tox sensor will show both CO and H 2S on the current gas readings screen. O 2 LEL CO H 2 S SO Current gas readings screen with O 2, LEL, Duo-Tox and SO 2 sensors installed. Calibration gas containing known concentrations of both CO and H 2S must be used to properly calibrate the Duo-Tox sensor Biosystems CO Plus dual purpose carbon monoxide/hydrogen sulfide sensor The CO Plus sensor is ideal for situations requiring the use of a single sensor to monitor simultaneously for both CO and H 2S, in which the user does not need to definitively know which hazard is being encountered. While the CO Plus sensor will simultaneously detect both carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide, it is only possible to directly monitor for one of these hazards. Note: When a specific contaminant such as hydrogen sulfide is known to be potentially present the best approach is usually to use a direct reading substance specific sensor. The OSHA standard for permit required confined space entry (29 CFR ) explicitly requires the use of direct reading, substance specific sensors whenever a particular toxic hazard is known to be present. If hydrogen sulfide is known to be potentially present, one of the toxic sensors selected should be specifically for the detection of H2S, and calibrated directly to this hazard. The PhD5 offers a choice of two different calibration gas settings for the CO Plus sensor. Calibration gas setting determines whether the PhD5 is configured for the direct reading of CO or H 2S. When the calibration gas value is set to CO, the PhD5 will show CO+ on the current gas readings screen. Alternately, when the calibration gas value is set to H 2S, the PhD5 will show H 2S+ on the current gas readings screen. O 2 LEL CO Current gas readings screens with CO Plus sensor; calibration gas value set to CO. O 2 LEL H 2 S Current gas readings screens with CO Plus sensor; calibration gas value set to H 2S. Note: The procedure for changing the calibration gas value setting for the CO Plus sensor is covered below in section Do not use multi-component calibration gas mixtures containing both carbon monoxide and

35 hydrogen sulfide when calibrating a PhD5 with a CO Plus sensor installed. Calibration of the CO Plus sensor with multi-component calibration gas mixtures containing both CO and H2S may lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings Relative response of the CO Plus sensor to carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide The CO Plus sensor will accurately and directly measure the gas type to which it has been successfully calibrated. OSHA has assigned an 8-hour TWA of 35 PPM as the permissible exposure limit for carbon monoxide. If the CO Plus sensor is successfully calibrated to carbon monoxide, and then exposed to 35 PPM carbon monoxide, the display will show 35 PPM. Appendix A discusses Permissible Exposure Limit alarm calculations in greater detail. Regardless of the calibration gas selection, the CO Plus sensor will also show a relative response to other interfering gases. When calibrated with carbon monoxide, the CO Plus sensor responds to hydrogen sulfide in a ratio of about 3.5 to 1.0. This means a concentration of about 10 PPM hydrogen sulfide would produce a reading of 10 X 3.5 or 35 PPM in an instrument that has been calibrated to CO. This is a very convenient relative response. The 8-hour TWA permissible exposure limit for hydrogen sulfide is 10 PPM. This means that even when configured for the direct reading of CO, the CO Plus gas alarms will be activated any time the concentration of hydrogen sulfide exceeds the permissible exposure limit. Note: The procedure for changing the calibration gas value setting for the CO Plus sensor is covered below in section Cl 2 and ClO 2 Non-Specific sensors Four different sensors are currently available for the PhD5 for the detection of chlorine (Cl 2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO 2). The nonspecific versions of the Cl 2 and ClO 2 (part numbers and ) have built-in cross-sensitivity as follows: The Cl 2 (non-specific) and ClO 2 (non-specific) sensors are actually the same sensor. When calibrated to Cl 2 the sensor will respond to ClO 2 in a ratio of 1:3.1. As an example, if a Cl 2 nonspecific sensor is exposed to 1 PPM ClO 2 the readout on the gas detector will be 3.1 PPM. The OSHA short term exposure limits (STEL) for Cl 2 and ClO 2 relate to each other in approximately the same ratio. The OSHA permissible exposure limits (PEL) for an 8-hour time weighted average (TWA) for Cl 2 and ClO 2 relate to each other in a ratio of 1:5. The table below details the OSHA alarm setpoints for Cl 2 and ClO 2. Substance STEL TWA Cl PPM 0.5 PPM ClO PPM 0.1 PPM Based on the relationships between the OSHA alarm set points and the relative response, one benefit of the Cl 2 (non-specific) / ClO 2 (non-specific) sensor is that the same sensor (with some degree of accuracy) can be used for the detection of both gases. Note: For more information on cross sensitivity for any of the sensors available in the PhD5, see Appendix B. 4.4 Automatic calibration Biosystems one-button auto-calibration procedure may be used to calibrate the PhD5 at any time during normal operation in all modes except Text-Only Mode. 33 Recommended calibration frequency is discussed in appendix F. Auto-calibration is a two-step procedure. In the first step the PhD5 is taken to an area where the atmosphere is known to be fresh and a fresh air adjustment is made as detailed below. The second step is the sensor response or "span" calibration adjustment. In this step the accuracy of the PhD5 sensors is established by exposing them to known concentration calibration gas(es). The sensitivity or span is automatically adjusted by the instrument. Note: If a sensor has just been replaced, be sure to allow the new sensor to stabilize prior performing a calibration. See section for further details Automatic fresh air/zero calibration sequence The automatic fresh air calibration procedure may only be performed while the instrument is being operated in Technician, Basic/Peak or Basic operating modes. 1. Turn the instrument on and make sure gas readings are given in numbers. (This is an indication that the PhD5 is currently in Basic, Basic/Peak or Technician Mode). If sensor readings are displayed in the form of OK text messages, the instrument is currently in Text-Only mode. It will be necessary to change the operating mode to Basic, Basic/Peak or Technician mode as explained in section before proceeding with the calibration. 2. Wait at least three minutes after turning the instrument on to allow sensor readings to stabilize fully before initiating any calibration procedures. 3. Make sure the instrument is located in an area where the air is known to be fresh. 4. Press the MODE button three times within two seconds. This will "wake up" the instrument from normal operation, and initiate the auto-calibration sequence. A screen will briefly display the message One Button Auto-Calibration. One Button Auto Calibration The instrument will then proceed to the following screen and begin a 5-second countdown. Zero Calibration Mode = Adjust 5 5. To initiate the fresh air/zero calibration, press the MODE button before the unit finishes the countdown. Zero Calibration Please Wait Zero Calibration Completed Upon successful completion of the fresh air/zero calibration, the instrument will automatically proceed to the automatic span calibration sequence Reading Too High or Too Low for zero adjust To reduce the chances of the PhD5 being inadvertently fresh air/zero calibrated in contaminated air, only small adjustments are allowed in the automatic fresh air/zero calibration sequence. If the necessary adjustments are too large, the display will indicate the sensor (or sensors) affected, and a message screen will indicate that the reading is Too Low or Too High for zero adjustment. In this case the instrument must be fresh air

36 calibrated using the manual calibration procedures as discussed in section of this manual. Oxygen Too Low for Zero Cal Once the instrument has been successfully fresh air calibrated using the manual fresh air calibration procedure, subsequent calibration adjustments may be made using the MODE button and automatic calibration logic discussed in this section Automatic span calibration sequence After completion of the automatic fresh air calibration, the PhD5 will display the countdown for the automatic span calibration: Span Calibration Mode = Adjust 5 If span calibration is not required, allow the unit to complete the 5-second countdown without pressing any buttons. Press MODE before the before the end of the 5-second countdown to initiate the automatic span calibration sequence. The PhD5 will then display: Apply Gas MODE = Cancel Attach the cylinder of calibration gas to the PhD5 through the regulator, tubing and calibration adapter as shown below in figure Continue to flow gas throughout the span calibration procedure. Note: The PhD5 requires a fixed flow rate of 1.0 liter/minute for all calibration procedures. Figure Typical calibration set-up. The PhD5 automatically recognizes the type of gas supplied and displays the current reading for each sensor that may be calibrated using the current gas mixture. The span adjustment process from this point on is automatic and requires no user input. Please Wait If multi-component calibration gas is being used, the following sequence will occur Multi Cal Gas Detected concentration values as they appear in the gas values subdirectory of the calibration menu. LEL Set to 50 MAX ADJUSTMENT 171 Note: The max adjustment value shown is an indication of the relative health of the sensor. As a sensor loses sensitivity, the maximum adjustment level will approach the calibration gas concentration, letting you know when the sensor is losing sensitivity. Once the LEL sensor is adjusted, the instrument will move on to the next sensor and perform a similar adjustment. CO Sensor Reading 52 CO Set to 50 MAX ADJUSTMENT 181 Once the span-calibration is successfully completed, the instrument will show the following screen prior to turning itself off. Auto Calibration Completed Begin Shut Down Please Wait After shut down, remove all gas fittings from the PhD5, and disconnect the regulator from the calibration gas cylinder. Then press the MODE button to turn the instrument on and resume normal operation. Note: If the MODE button is pressed at any time prior to completion of the calibration, the calibration procedure will be cancelled, no adjustments will be made and the instrument will return to normal operation. Wait at least 3 minutes after turning the instrument on to allow sensor readings to stabilize fully before initiating any calibration procedures. Failure to wait three minutes before initiating calibration procedures may lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. Make sure the regulator, cylinder seating surfaces and threads are clean and dry before attaching the regulator to the cylinder of gas. Introduction of contaminants through the regulator fittings may alter or degrade the concentration of the gas contained in the cylinder and may lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous gas readings. CAUTION: The use of regulators with on/off valves may introduce contaminants into the gas cylinder and may lead to the breakdown of reactive gases prior to the cylinder expiration date. Biosystems strongly recommends the use of continuous fixed-flow regulators for all calibration procedures. Use of non-standard calibration gas and/or calibration kit components when calibrating the PhD5 may lead to dangerously inaccurate readings and may void the standard Biosystems warranty. LEL Sensor Reading 48 Once the readings stabilize, the PhD5 will automatically adjust itself so that the sensor readings match the expected gas 34

37 4.4.3 Automatic span calibration with more than one gas cylinder Depending on the sensor configuration of the PhD5, it may be necessary to use more than one cylinder of calibration gas to complete the calibration. Apply Gas MODE = Cancel The PhD5 will automatically recognize the type of gas that is applied and proceed with the span calibration of the sensor(s) that react to the gas. Once that/those sensor(s) have been successfully calibrated, the PhD5 will automatically request the calibration gas for the next sensor to be calibrated. Note: If multiple cylinders of calibration gas are used during calibration, it will be necessary to change cylinders between span adjustments. In this case the display will indicate the type and concentration of the next cylinder of calibration gas to be applied. Apply 10PPM SO 2 Note: If calibrating a sensor that requires a corrosive gas calibration adapter (including but not limited to Cl2, ClO2 and NH3), be sure to align the calibration adapter over the appropriate sensor before applying calibration gas. See figure below for correct positioning of the corrosive calibration adapter over the Tox2 port. Figure 4.4.3: Proper placement of the corrosive calibration adapter over the sensor in the Tox2 port. (If the corrosive gas sensor is in the Tox1 port, be sure to place the cal adapter over the Tox1 port before applying calibration gas.) Once the instrument detects the proper gas, the instrument will proceed to automatically calibrate the sensor channel. SO 2 Sensor Reading 10 When all sensors currently recognized have been successfully span-calibrated, the instrument will display Auto Calibration Completed and proceed to shut itself off. After shut down, remove all gas fittings from the PhD5, and disconnect the regulator from the calibration gas cylinder. Then press the MODE button to turn the instrument on and resume normal operation. Note: It is possible to exit the automatic span calibration sequence at any time prior to completion by pressing and holding down the MODE button to turn the instrument off. The instrument will retain the updated settings for those sensors whose span adjustments have been successfully completed. Sensors that were not successfully adjusted at the time the auto-calibration sequence was terminated will trigger a Needs Cal message when the instrument is next turned on. The accuracy of those remaining sensors should be verified by exposure to known concentration test gas before the instrument is put back into service. 4.5 Manual calibration It is possible to calibrate the PhD5 manually by using the navigation arrows to enter the Calibration Menu and to then select the desired calibration procedure. Recommended calibration frequency is discussed in appendix F Manual fresh air calibration procedure In some cases, it will be necessary to manually fresh air calibrate the PhD5. Manual fresh air calibrations are performed as follows: 1. Turn the instrument on and wait at least three minutes to allow sensor readings to stabilize fully before initiating any calibration procedures. Note: If a sensor has just been replaced, be sure to allow the new sensor to stabilize before performing the calibration. See section for further details. 2. Make sure the instrument is located in an area where the air is known to be fresh. 3. Enter the Main Menu as described in section 3.1 above. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 4. Use the navigation arrows to select CALIBRATION and then press the MODE button. FRESH_AIR GAS VALUE SPAN CAL REMIND 5. Use the navigation arrows to highlight FRESH_AIR and press the MODE button. Do Zero Cal Now? YES NO 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to initiate the zero calibration. Zero Calibration Please Wait Zero Calibration Completed 7. After the completion of the fresh air calibration the PhD5 will automatically return to the Main Menu. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 8. Press the MODE button with highlighted to return to the current gas readings screen. 35

38 Shortcuts to the manual fresh air calibration procedures There are two additional ways to reach the manual fresh air calibration procedure detailed above Shortcut to fresh air calibration while in normal operation At the current gas readings screen in Basic, Basic/Peak or Technician mode, press and hold the left navigation arrow for six seconds until the PhD5 instructs you to release it. Release Button Do Zero Cal Now? YES NO The instrument will then proceed directly to the manual fresh air calibration detailed above in section Note: If no action is taken within fifteen seconds of entering the Do Zero Cal Now? screen, the instrument will automatically return to the current gas readings screen Shortcut to Main Menu while turning the PhD5 on Turn on the PhD5 while holding down the left navigation arrow. After the initial start up sequence the Main Menu screen will be displayed. Entering Main Menu To enter the fresh air calibration from the Main Menu, simply follow the directions above in section starting at step 3. Manual span calibration procedures Manual span calibration procedures are useful when the calibration of a single sensor is required or when non-standard calibration gas is being used. Manual span calibrations are performed as follows: 1. Turn the instrument on. 2. Wait at least three minutes after turning the instrument on to allow sensor readings to stabilize fully before initiating any calibration procedures. Note: If a sensor has just been replaced, be sure to allow the new sensor to stabilize before performing the calibration. See section for further details. 3. Enter the Main Menu as described above in section 3.1. Use the navigation arrows to highlight CALIBRATION. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 4. Press the MODE button. The calibration menu will then be displayed FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUE SPAN_CAL REMIND 5. Use the navigation arrows to highlight SPAN CAL and press the MODE button. Span-Cal LEL = 0% 36 Note: If calibrating a sensor that requires a corrosive gas calibration adapter (including but not limited to Cl2, ClO2 and NH3), be sure to align the calibration adapter over the appropriate sensor. See figure above for correct positioning of the corrosive calibration adapter over the Tox2 port. 6. Use the right and left navigation arrows to scroll through the available sensors until the sensor that requires calibration is displayed. Span-Cal LEL = 0% Span-Cal CO = 0 7. Once the sensor is reached, apply the calibration gas as shown above in figure The reading shown on the display should respond quickly. Always check the expiration date on calibration gas cylinder(s) prior to use. Expired calibration gas can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. Span-Cal CO = Once the readings stabilize, use the up and down navigation arrows to raise or lower the readings to match the level of the gas concentration printed on the calibration cylinder label. Span-Cal CO = 52 Span-Cal CO = When the span calibration for a particular sensor is completed, use the right and left navigation arrows to advance to the next sensor channel to be span adjusted. 10. When finished, press the MODE button to exit. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 11. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the span calibration. 12. Remove all gas fittings from the PhD5, and disconnect the regulator from the calibration gas cylinder. Note: If multiple cylinders of calibration gas are necessary to complete the manual span calibration, each calibration must be completed and independently saved prior to changing cylinders. 4.6 Functional (bump) test The accuracy of the PhD5 may be verified at any time by a simple functional (bump) test. To perform a functional (bump) test, do the following: 1. Turn the PhD5 on and wait at least three minutes to allow the readings to fully stabilize. 2. If a sensor has just been replaced, be sure to allow the new sensor to stabilize before performing the functional (bump) test. See section for further details.

39 3. Make sure the instrument is located in fresh air. 4. Verify that the current gas readings match the concentrations present in fresh air. If the PhD5 is operated in Basic, Basic/Peak or Technician operating mode the fresh air readings should equal 20.9 % O 2, 0 % LEL or 0.0 % CH 4 (by volume), and 0 PPM for any toxic sensors installed. If the instrument is operated in the Text Only mode all readings should indicate that conditions are OK. If necessary, fresh air calibrate the instrument using the procedures discussed in section above. 5. Apply the calibration gas as shown above in figure Note: If calibrating a sensor that requires a corrosive gas calibration adapter (including but not limited to Cl 2, ClO 2 and NH 3), be sure to align the calibration adapter over the appropriate sensor. See figure above for correct positioning of the corrosive calibration adapter over the Tox2 port. 6. Wait for the readings to stabilize. (Forty-five seconds to one minute is usually sufficient. Reactive gas sensors may take longer.) 7. Note the readings. Oxygen readings are considered accurate when the display is within ±0.5% of the expected concentration as given on the calibration gas cylinder. LEL and toxic readings are considered accurate when they are between 90% and 120% of the expected value as given on the calibration gas cylinder. Note: If gas concentration readings are off by more than 10 percent higher or lower than the expected values during a functional (bump) test, the instrument must be adjusted using the "span" calibration procedures discussed in section before further use. Always check the expiration date on calibration gas cylinder(s) prior to use. Expired calibration gas can lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. 4.7 The Calibration Menu The Calibration Menu is an immediate subdirectory of the Main Menu and provides access to all calibration functions and controls Entering the Calibration Menu To enter the Calibration Menu: 1. Turn the instrument on and wait until gas readings appear. 2. Press the MODE button until the information screen is displayed. 01:15 15:08 3.9V 71F MENU 3. At the INFORMATION screen hold down the left navigation arrow for 3 seconds or until appears and is highlighted. 01:15 15:08 3.9V 71F MENU 4. Press the down navigation arrow once to highlight MENU and press the MODE button. The Main Menu will then be displayed. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION SCREEN TIME 5. Use the navigation arrows to highlight CALIBRATION and press the MODE button. The calibration menu will then be displayed. FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND Gas values Calibration gas concentration values may be viewed and adjusted through the gas values screen. To change calibration gas values: 1. Enter the Calibration Menu as described above in section FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight GAS VALUES and press the MODE button. CALIBRATION GAS LEL 50.0% Calibration values shown in the calibration value table must match those appearing on the calibration gas cylinder(s) that will be used to calibrate the PhD5. Non-matching calibration gas and calibration gas value settings will lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. 3. Use the right and left navigation arrows to scroll through the available calibration gas settings. CALIBRATION GAS LEL 50.0% CALIBRATION GAS CO 50.0ppm 4. Once the appropriate sensor is reached, use the up and down navigation arrows to modify the gas setting. CALIBRATION GAS CO 50.0ppm CALIBRATION GAS CO 49.9ppm 5. Once the concentration matches the value listed on the calibration gas cylinder(s), press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new settings. Cal Gas Values Saved 37

40 Changing the combustible gas readout from LEL to CH4 The PhD5 may be configured to show combustible gas readings in terms of percent of LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) or in terms of the percent by volume of methane (CH 4). With the PhD5 configured to read in terms of percent by volume of methane (CH 4), the LEL sensor must be calibrated to the actual percent by volume of methane used in Biosystems calibration gas cylinders, not to the %LEL value given on the label. The actual percentage by volume of CH 4 will be stamped in indelible black ink on the side of the cylinder body. For example, Biosystems popular all-in-one mix, part number E, with 50% LEL propane equivalent will list ±1.62% CH 4 on the side of the cylinder body. In this case, the percent by volume CH 4 calibration gas value should be set to 1.62%. For easy reference, the actual percent by volume of CH 4 for the following Biosystems LEL component mixtures is listed in the following table. LEL Component Description Volume % Methane (CH 4) 50% LEL Methane ± % LEL Propane Equivalent ± % LEL Pentane Equivalent ±1.25 Table Percent LEL versus percent by volume of methane for common Biosystems calibration gas cylinders. To change the calibration gas value setting from percentage of LEL to percent by volume of methane or vice versa: 1. Enter the Calibration Menu as described above in section FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight GAS VALUES and press the MODE button. Depending on the existing calibration gas value setting, the instrument will display the calibration value either as percentage of LEL or as percent by volume of methane (CH 4). CALIBRATION GAS LEL 50.0% or CALIBRATION GAS CH % 3. Press the left navigation arrow once to highlight LEL or CH 4. CALIBRATION GAS LEL 50.0% or CALIBRATION GAS CH % 4. The up and down navigation arrows may be used to toggle between the calibration gas settings (LEL or CH 4). Once the appropriate setting is shown, press the right navigation arrow once to highlight the calibration gas concentration in percent of LEL or percent by volume (CH 4). To change the calibration gas concentration setting, use the up and down navigation arrows to increase or decrease the amount. CALIBRATION GAS CH % CALIBRATION GAS CH % 5. Once the appropriate calibration gas type and concentration are reached, press the MODE button to confirm the setting. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new settings. Cal Gas Values Saved Changing the direct reading setting of the CO Plus sensor from CO to H 2S Biosystems CO Plus sensor is designed for the simultaneous detection of both carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide, but it can only be calibrated for the direct detection of one of these hazards. For instruments with the CO Plus sensor, calibration gas settings determine whether the PhD5 is configured for the direct detection of CO or H 2S. When the calibration gas selected is CO, the PhD5 will show CO+ on the current gas readings screen. Alternately, when the calibration gas selected is H 2S, the PhD5 will show H 2S+ on the current gas readings screen. O 2 LEL CO Current gas readings screens with CO Plus sensor; calibration gas value set to CO. O 2 LEL H 2 S Current gas readings screens with CO Plus sensor; calibration gas value set to H 2S. To change the direct reading selection of the CO Plus sensor through the calibration gas value settings: 1. Enter the Calibration Menu as detailed above in section FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight GAS_VALUES and press the MODE button to enter the gas values screen. CALIBRATION GAS LEL 50.0% 3. If the LEL calibration gas setting screen is shown, press the right navigation arrow once to access the calibration gas setting for the CO Plus sensor. Depending on the existing calibration gas setting for the CO Plus sensor, the calibration gas value will appear as either CO or H 2S. CALIBRATION GAS CO 50.0ppm or CALIBRATION GAS H 2 S 25.0ppm 38

41 4. The right and left navigation arrows are used to move back and forth between the type and the amount of the calibration gas. To change the type of calibration gas, move the cursor to highlight CO or H 2S. CALIBRATION GAS CO 50.0ppm or CALIBRATION GAS H 2 S 25.0ppm 5. The up and down navigation arrows may then be used to toggle between CO and H 2S. Once the desired gas setting is shown, press the MODE button to save the setting or move on to step 6 to adjust the concentration of the calibration gas. CALIBRATION GAS CO 50.0ppm CALIBRATION GAS H 2 S 25.0ppm 6. To change the concentration of CO or H 2S used in calibration, use the right navigation arrow to highlight the concentration in parts-per-million. Then use the up and down navigation arrows to adjust the gas concentration. CALIBRATION GAS CO 50.0ppm CALIBRATION GAS CO 50.1ppm 7. Press the MODE button when the appropriate gas selection and concentration have been reached. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 8. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the new settings. Cal Gas Values Saved Do not use multi-component calibration gas mixtures containing both carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide when calibrating a PhD5 with a CO Plus sensor installed. Calibration of the CO Plus sensor with multi-component calibration gas mixtures containing both CO and H2S may lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings. Biosystems multi-component calibration gas mixtures containing both carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide are labeled as Not for use with CO Plus sensors. With the CO Plus sensor, the calibration gas setting determines whether the instrument is configured for the direct reading of CO, or for the direct reading of H2S. Calibration gas corresponding to the direct reading requirement must be used in the calibration of the instrument. If carbon monoxide is chosen in the calibration gas setting option, the display will show CO+ and carbon monoxide must be used to verify accuracy. Similarly, if hydrogen sulfide is chosen in the calibration gas setting option, the instrument will display H2S+ and hydrogen sulfide must be used to verify accuracy. Use of the incorrect calibration gas may lead to inaccurate and potentially dangerous readings Calibration reminder The calibration reminder allows the user to program the PhD5 to remind the user that calibration is due. The calibration reminder can be set by the user to any interval between 1 and 180 days and is automatically reset by a successful calibration. The calibration reminder may also be disabled if the user chooses to do so. The repeat reminder option allows the user to decide whether the reminder will be repeated only once, or if it will be repeated every 15 minutes during instrument operation whenever calibration is due. The PhD5 assesses its own calibration status once every 15 minutes while the instrument is turned on. In the event that the PhD5 comes due for calibration while it is running, the calibration reminder will be displayed within 15 minutes of the actual time when the instrument comes due for calibration Changing the calibration reminder interval To change the calibration reminder interval: 1. Enter the Calibration Menu as described above in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight REMIND. FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND 2. Press the MODE button to confirm the selection. The following screen will then be shown. REMIND INTERVAL REPEAT REMINDER 3. To change the calibration reminder interval, use the navigation arrows to highlight REMIND INTERVAL. REMIND INTERVAL REPEAT REMINDER 4. Press the MODE button. The interval will then be shown in days. Remind Interval Every 30 Days 5. Press the right navigation arrow once to highlight the interval in number of days. Once the interval is highlighted, use the up and down navigation arrows to increase or decrease the interval. Any number of days between 0 and 180 days may be entered. Remind Interval Every 30 Days Remind Interval Every 29 Days 6. Once the desired calibration reminder interval has been reached, press the MODE button. 39

42 Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 7. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the changes to the calibration reminder interval. Once the calibration reminder has been set, the instrument will display the number of days until the next required calibration during every subsequent instrument start up. Note: The calibration reminder interval has been factory set to 30 days unless otherwise specified Disabling the calibration reminder To disable the calibration reminder, follow the directions given in section and decrease the interval to zero days, which will be shown on the screen as Never. Remind Interval Every day Remind Cal Never Changing the repeat reminder The PhD5 s repeat reminder controls the frequency of reminders for the calibration due warning. The reminder may be set to Once Only or to Every 15 minutes. When set to Once Only the PhD5 will only show the calibration due warning once. If calibration comes due while the instrument is turned off, the warning is shown at start up. If the calibration comes due while the instrument is turned on, the warning will be displayed within 15 minutes of the actual time when the instrument comes due for calibration. When set to Every 15 minutes the PhD5 will show the calibration due warning once every 15 minutes during operation. To change the repeat reminder setting: 1. Enter the Calibration Menu as described above in section and use the navigation arrows to highlight REMIND. FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND 2. Press the MODE button to confirm the selection. The following screen will then be shown. REMIND INTERVAL REPEAT REMINDER 3. Use the navigation arrows to highlight REPEAT REMINDER and press the MODE button to confirm the selection. The calibration reminder interval will then be shown. REPEAT REMINDER Once Only or REPEAT REMINDER Every 15 min 4. The repeat reminder may be set to Every 15 minutes or to Once Only. To change the repeat reminder setting, press the up or down navigation arrow once. REPEAT REMINDER Once Only REPEAT REMINDER Every 15 min 5. Once the preferred setting is shown, press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the changes to the calibration reminder interval IQ Link To facilitate recordkeeping with the IQ Datalink system, the PhD5 can be set to automatically prepare the PhD5 for linkup to a PC so the new calibration information can be immediately downloaded. With IQ Link setting disabled, the PhD5 will simply shut itself off following a successful calibration. With the IQ Link setting enabled, the PhD5 will show the following screen once calibration is complete. Connect to PC MODE = CANCEL Insert the PhD5 in the data dock to proceed with the download. To bypass the Datalink connection and turn the instrument off, press the MODE button Changing the IQ Link setting To change the IQ Link setting: 1. Enter the Calibration Menu as described above in section FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight IQ LINK and press the MODE button to confirm the selection. CONNECT TO IQ LINK AFTER AUTO CAL DISABLED MENU 3. Press the up or down navigation arrow to change the setting. CONNECT TO IQ LINK AFTER AUTO CAL DISABLED CONNECT TO IQ LINK AFTER AUTO CAL ENABLED MENU MENU 4. Once the desired setting is shown, press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the changes to the calibration reminder interval. 40

43 4.7.5 Cal Lock When the PhD5 is turned on and due for calibration, a calibration due warning is shown. This warning can appear during instrument start up or during operation. If the Cal Lock is disabled, the user has the option of acknowledging the calibration due warning by pressing the MODE button and can then proceeding to use the instrument. CALIBRATION DUE MODE = CANCEL With the Cal Lock enabled, when the instrument is turned on and determines that it is due for calibration, it will show also the calibration due screen. If the user presses the MODE button once at this prompt, the instrument will shut itself off. This prevents the user from using the instrument when it is due for calibration. If the user presses the MODE button three times at this prompt, the instrument will enter the automatic calibration sequence. If this calibration is completed successfully, the needs calibration flag will be cleared and the instrument may then be turned on again and used. To bypass the calibration lock and reach the Main Menu, allow the PhD5 to turn itself off. Then turn the instrument back on while holding the left arrow key down to enter the main menu and access the calibration subroutines Changing the Cal Lock setting 1. Enter the Calibration Menu as described above in section FRESH_AIR GAS_VALUES IQ LINK CAL LOCK SPAN_CAL REMIND 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight CAL LOCK and press the MODE button to confirm the selection. CAL DUE LOCKOUT DISABLED 3. Press the up or down navigation arrow to change the setting. CAL DUE LOCKOUT DISABLED CAL DUE LOCKOUT ENABLED 4. Once the desired setting is shown, press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the changes to the calibration reminder interval. Chapter 5. Record Keeping 5.1 Overview of record keeping options Any version of the PhD5 may be equipped with an optional datalogger. Starting with instrument firmware version 1.51, every PhD5 not ordered as a datalogger has been equipped with a black box data recorder at no additional cost. Both the black box data recorder and the datalogger store similar information such as gas readings, turn-on times, turn-off times and battery conditions. Data in instruments with a fully enabled datalogger can be downloaded to an IBM-compatible PC using Biotrak software or the IQ System. Instruments with the black box data recorder must be returned to Biosystems for data retrieval. The datalogger also offers numerous user-configurable options that are not available with the black box data recorder. Instruments equipped with the datalogger option may also be equipped with Biosystems Touch ID interface for easier entry of user and location ID information into the session memory. Touch ID uses small, virtually indestructible memory buttons to store user ID and location ID information. The user simply touches the Touch ID button to the ID reader on the PhD5 to enter a user or location setting into the session memory. 5.2 Black box data recorder PhD5 instruments that are ordered without the datalogging option are equipped with a black box data recorder at no charge. The black box is continually in operation whether the user is aware of it or not. The black box stores important information such as gas readings, turn-on times, turn-off times, temperatures, battery conditions, the 8 most recent calibration dates and settings, types of sensors currently installed, sensor serial numbers, warranty expiration and service due dates, and current alarm settings. There is a finite amount of memory storage available in the black box data recorder. Once the memory is full, the PhD5 will begin to write the new data over the oldest data. With a typical five-gas configuration, the black box data recorder will store approximately 120 hours of data. At this point the PhD5 will begin to write new data over the oldest data. In this way, the newest data is always conserved. If the data in the black box is required for any reason, the entire PhD5 instrument must be returned to Biosystems, where the data will be extracted and a report will be generated. The unit and the report will then be returned to the user. Simply call Biosystems at (800) to obtain a return authorization number. There is no charge for the downloading service, but the user is responsible for any freight charges incurred. Note: The PhD5 black box data recorder can be upgraded to a full user-configurable datalogger at any time. Call Biosystems Technical Service Department at x-509 for details. 5.3 Datalogger upgrade The full datalogger option is available on the PhD5 for users who need immediate access to the data stored in the instrument, or who require the ability to customize their record-keeping process. Datalogging is a "transparent" function that is continually in operation. As long as the datalogger has not been disabled, it is not necessary to do anything special to begin logging data. Simply turning on the instrument causes it to begin recording data. The information stored by the datalogger may be 41

44 downloaded to a Windows-compatible PC to create a permanent record, or directly displayed by the PhD5. Upon turn on, PhD5 instruments with an enabled datalogger will display the sampling interval among the self-test screens as shown below. In this case, the default sampling interval of 1 minute is shown. Datalogger 01m00s 120h With the datalogging option, the PhD5 will automatically record gas readings, turn-on / turn-off times, temperatures, battery conditions, the 8 most recent calibration dates and settings, types of sensors currently installed, sensor serial numbers, warranty expiration and service due dates, temperature compensation curves, and current alarm settings. The PhD5 automatically updates all of this information whenever the instrument is turned on, whenever a change is made during operation, and again as the instrument is turned off. The datalogger in the PhD5 can store the exposure values for approximately 7200 datalogging intervals. When using a typical five channel configuration such as O 2, LEL, CO, H 2S and SO 2, this provides for storage of approximately 120 hours of four-gas monitoring when a one-minute datalogging interval is specified. Using a longer datalogging interval increases the length of monitoring time for which data may be stored before the oldest data is overwritten by new data. For instance, if a datalogging interval of two minutes is selected, over 240 hours of monitoring data will be stored before the oldest data is overwritten. Different sensor configurations and/or datalogging interval settings allow for more or less datalogging time before the oldest data is overwritten BioTrak database software Biotrak software is designed to facilitate both the downloading of stored data and the uploading of new instrument configurations. BioTrak allows information to be retrieved from the PhD5 and also allows the PhD5 to be programmed directly from a Windows-compatible PC. It is important to note that it is not necessary to use the BioTrak software to program the PhD5. Configuration and setup options may be programmed directly by using the navigation arrows on the instrument keypad. Manual programming procedures are covered in detail below in section 5.4. BioTrak software has been designed to simplify programming, downloading, and data analysis. The software allows optional instrument setups to be created by "filling out" forms right on the computer screen. Once information has been downloaded to the computer, it may be used for a variety of purposes. Data may be displayed and reviewed in detail through the computer monitor screen, or used to generate and print reports, tables and graphs of time history exposure data. It is also possible to export records to other software applications in the form of ASCII text or in a spreadsheet format. Another option is to simply retain downloaded records within the BioTrak program for future use as needed. Note: The remaining material in this chapter is designed to acquaint the user with datalogging features that can be programmed through the PhD5 instrument itself. Consult the BioTrak Reference Manual for complete instructions on the use of BioTrak software IQ System Biosystems Instrument Quality (IQ) System offers all of the data tracking features of BioTrak, but also includes many features that were not possible when BioTrak was originally released. The IQ Controller can be used with IQ Docking Stations to provide hands-free calibration of up to 10 Biosystems gas detectors. The IQ System is also capable and can automatically notify you when an instrument fails calibration. 5.4 Datalogger menu It is possible to customize the way the PhD5 records data in a number of different ways. Options include extended recording time, tagging the exposure data with time and date information, or assigning location and ID information. PhD5 instruments equipped with datalogging capability will have an additional subdirectory in the Main Menu called DATALOGGER. The Datalogger Menu provides access to all user-configurable datalogging options. To enter the Datalogger Menu: 1. Turn the instrument on and wait until the gas readings screen appears. 2. Press the MODE button until you reach the Information screen (shown below). 08:15 74F 23C 00:15:34 3.9V MENU 3. Hold down the left navigation arrow for 3 seconds or until appears and is highlighted. 08:15 74F 23C 00:15:34 3.9V MENU 4. Press the down navigation arrow once to highlight MENU and press the MODE button. The Main Menu will then be displayed and will be highlighted. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 5. Use the navigation arrows to highlight DATALOGGER and press the MODE button. ALARMS OPTIONS VIEW DISPLAY CALIBRATION DATALOGGER TIME 6. The datalogger menu will then be displayed. INTERVAL SESSIONS CLEAR_DL USER/LOC Setting the datalogging interval The datalogger samples continuously, so the data stream must be broken into discrete intervals to be recorded. The datalogging interval defines the frequency of the breaks in the data stream. The interval may be set anywhere between one second and one hour by using the navigation arrows as detailed below. The default datalogging interval is 1 minute. There is a finite amount of memory storage available in the PhD5. Once the memory is full, the PhD5 will begin to write the new data over the oldest data. In this way, the newest data is always conserved. Different sensor configurations and/or datalogging intervals may increase or decrease the length of time before old data is overwritten. A longer sampling interval will allow the retention of more hours of data before old data is 42

45 overwritten making the PhD5 ideal for long-term sampling projects. The datalogger in the PhD5 can store the exposure values for approximately 7200 datalogging intervals. When using a five channel configuration of O2, LEL, CO, and H2S, this provides for storage of approximately 120 hours of four-gas monitoring when a one-minute datalogging interval is specified. Using a longer datalogging interval increases the length of monitoring time before the oldest data is overwritten by new data. For instance, if a datalogging interval of two minutes is selected, 240 hours of monitoring data will be stored before the oldest data is overwritten. Note: Calculations that are made on an ongoing basis (i.e. TWA, STEL, Ceilings, and Peak exposure values) are updated at regular intervals by the PhD5 microprocessor. Adjustments to the datalogging interval do not effect the way in which TWA, STEL, Ceiling, and Peak exposure values are calculated. To adjust the sampling interval: 1. Enter the Datalogger Menu as described above in section 5.4. INTERVAL SESSIONS ID_INFO CLEAR DL USER/LOC 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight INTERVAL and press the MODE button. SAMPLING INTERVAL On 01:00 3. Use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight the time interval. The interval is given in terms of minutes and seconds. SAMPLING INTERVAL On 01:00 As discussed above, there is a finite amount of memory storage in the PhD5. As the interval is either lengthened or shortened, so is the length of time before the oldest data will be overwritten. 4. With the interval highlighted, use the up and down navigation arrows to adjust the interval SAMPLING INTERVAL On 01:00 SAMPLING INTERVAL On 02:00 5. Once the sampling interval is properly adjusted, use the navigation arrows to highlight exit and press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 6. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to save the changes. Sampling interval Saved Enable/disable datalogger To enable or disable the datalogger: Enter the Datalogger Menu as described above in section 5.4. INTERVAL SESSIONS ID_INFO CLEAR_DL COMMN 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight INTERVAL and press the MODE button. SAMPLING INTERVAL 48:41 On 01:00 or SAMPLING INTERVAL Off 3. With On or Off highlighted, the up and down navigational arrows are used to toggle between ON and OFF. SAMPLING INTERVAL 48:41 On 01:00 SAMPLING INTERVAL Off 4. Once the appropriate setting is shown, use the navigation arrows to highlight exit and press the MODE button to enter the new interval. The following two screens will be shown in succession. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 5. Press MODE with YES highlighted to save the new sampling interval setting. Sampling interval Saved Clearing the datalogger The datalogger can be cleared of all information through the CLEAR DL option. To clear the datalogger, do the following: 1. Enter the Datalogger Menu as described above in section 5.4. INTERVAL SESSIONS ID_INFO CLEAR_DL COMMN 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight CLEAR DL and press the MODE button. The following screen will then be shown. Clear Datalogger? YES NO 3. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to clear the datalogger memory. CLEARING DATALOGGER Sessions Data recorded for all monitoring sessions currently in the datalogger memory can be accessed through the SESSIONS subdirectory of the Datalogging Menu. To view the session memory:

46 1. Enter the Datalogging Menu as described above in section 5.4. INTERVAL SESSIONS ID_INFO CLEAR_DL USER/LOC 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight SESSIONS and press the MODE button. The following two screens will be displayed. Select Session # View Data #1 08:14-16:45 18 JAN The right and left navigation arrows are used to access the data from the specified sessions. #1 8:14-16:45 18 JAN 2002 #2 8:02-17:23 17 JAN The up and down navigation arrows are used to scroll through the various monitoring sessions. #2 8:02-17:23 13 OCT 2001 PEAK LOW HIGH O PEAK LEL CO H 2 S Press the MODE button at any time to return to the Main Menu USER/LOC information The USER/LOC subdirectory of the Datalogger Menu controls manual access to the location and user identity functions. To enter the USER/LOC menu: 1. Enter the Datalogger Menu as described above in section 5.4. INTERVAL SESSIONS ID_INFO CLEAR_DL USER/LOC 2. Use the navigation arrows to highlight USER/LOC and press the MODE button. USER_LIST LOC_LIST TOUCH_ID USER_ID USER/LOC User and location lists The PhD5 is capable of storing up to 15 different user ID s and 15 different location ID s. User and location lists may be manually entered into the PhD5 s memory through the USER_LIST and LOC_LIST options in the ID Information Menu. The list functions control the entry of user and location names into the datalogger memory. To access the existing list, or to start a list: 1. Enter the ID_INFO option from the Datalogger Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight USER_LIST or LOC_LIST. USER_LIST LOC_LIST USER_LIST LOC_LIST USER_ID LOC_ID USER_ID LOC_ID 2. Press the MODE button. User #1 or Location #1 will then be shown. <BILL SAWKA > User #1 NEXT <651 S Main St > NEXT Location#1 3. Press the MODE button with NEXT highlighted to scroll through the list of users or locations. <BILL SAWKA > User #1 NEXT <LARS BOETTERN > NEXT User #2 4. To enter a new name or location to the datalogger memory, scroll through the names until the first blank screen is reached. < > NEXT User #3 5. Press the right arrow key once to move the cursor into the text line. < > NEXT User #3 6. Press the MODE button once. The select character screen will then be shown. S E L E C T C H A R A C T E R A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z , -. / 7. Use the right and left navigation arrows to highlight the character required for the space. S E L E C T C H A R A C T E R A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z , -. / 8. Press the MODE button to enter the character. <P > User #3 NEXT 9. Press the right navigation arrow once to move the cursor to the next space in the text line. <P > User #3 NEXT 44

47 10. Press the MODE button to return to the select character screen and repeat steps 7 though 9 until the new name or location appears in the text line. <PAUL C > NEXT User #3 11. To enter another name, press the right navigation arrow until NEXT is highlighted and press the MODE button. The next memory location will then be shown. Repeat steps 6 through 10 to enter the next name or location. < > NEXT User #4 12 To exit, use the right or left navigation arrows to highlight NEXT and then press the down navigation arrow once to highlight. < > NEXT User #4 13 Press the MODE button with highlighted to leave the user or location list. The save changes screen will then be displayed. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 14. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to confirm the changes. Users List Saved Note: Names and locations may also be added using a PC equipped with BioTrak software and an IrDA port. Note: The user and location ID is not retained if the PhD5 is turned off. The user and location ID must be re-entered or selected from the list prior to any new operating session User and location ID s User and location names may be manually entered into the current session memory by selecting the name or location ID while in the USER_ID or LOC_ID option of the datalogger menu. Note: If the User or Location ID is entered or changed after the first two minutes of any session, a new session is automatically created. 1. Enter the ID_INFO option from the Datalogger Menu as described above in section Use the navigation arrows to highlight USER_ID or LOC_ID. USER_LIST LOC_LIST USER_LIST LOC_LIST USER_ID LOC_ID USER_ID LOC_ID 2. Press the MODE button. One of the following screens will then be shown: < > LIST User ID < > LIST LOCATION: 3. User and location ID s can be manually entered by pressing the right arrow key once to highlight the first space in the location memory. < > LIST User ID: 4. To manually enter the ID, follow the instructions above in section starting at instruction To select a user or location ID from the pre-entered list, press the MODE button with LIST highlighted. <BILL SAWKA > User #1 ENTER 6. The right and left navigation arrows are then used to scroll through the user or location lists. <LARS BOETTERN > ENTER User #2 7. Once the correct user or location ID is displayed, press the MODE button with ENTER highlighted. <LARS BOETTERN > ENTER User #2 8. Press the down navigation arrow once to highlight and press the MODE button. Save Changes? YES NO CANCEL 9. Press the MODE button with YES highlighted to confirm the changes. Current User ID Saved Note: The user and location ID is not retained if the PhD5 is turned off. The user and location ID must be re-entered or selected from the list prior to any new operating session Touch ID option PhD5 detectors with the full datalogging option may also be equipped with Biosystems unique Touch ID automatic memory download system. The system uses small, virtually indestructible memory buttons to store user ID and location ID information. User and Location ID s can be set by simply pressing a pre-programmed Touch Memory Button to the Touch Memory Module on the back of PhD5 while the instrument is in normal gas detection mode. USER IS NOW BILL SAWKA Note: If the User or Location ID is entered or changed after the first two minutes of any session, a new session is automatically created Touch ID menu In PhD5 intruments with Touch ID, a TOUCH ID option will be provided in the Datalogger Menu. Touch ID buttons contain either a name or a location and may be programmed with the instrument through the Touch ID function in the Datalogger Menu. To program a Touch ID button: 1. Enter a name or location into the session memory as detailed in section

48 2. Enter the Datalogger Menu as described above in section 5.4. USER_LIST LOC_LIST TOUCH_ID USER_ID LOC_ID 3. Use the navigation arrows to highlight TOUCH ID and press the MODE button. LOCATION_MEMORY USER_ID_MEMORY CLEAR_MEMORY Location memory To program a location from the instrument onto a Touch ID button: 1. Set the location in the current session to the location that will be written onto the Touch ID button. Locations may be manually input into the PhD5 with the directions given in section Enter the Touch ID Menu as described above in section LOCATION_MEMORY USER_ID_MEMORY CLEAR_MEMORY 3. Use the up navigation arrow to highlight LOCATION MEMORY and press the MODE button. INSERT ID BUTTON PLEASE 4. Press the Touch ID button to the Touch ID reader on the back of the PhD5. TOUCH ID FOUND WRITING COMPLETED 5. The instrument will program the current user ID setting onto the Touch ID button and return to the Main Menu upon completion Clear ID button To clear a Touch ID button: 1. Enter the Touch ID Menu as described above in section LOCATION_MEMORY USER_ID_MEMORY CLEAR_MEMORY 2. Use the up navigation arrow to highlight CLEAR ID BUTTON and press the MODE button. INSERT ID BUTTON PLEASE 3. Press the Touch ID button to the Touch ID reader on the front of the PhD5. TOUCH ID FOUND AND DELETED The instrument will delete the current data contained on the Touch ID button and then return to the Main Menu upon completion. 5. The instrument will program the current location setting onto the Touch ID button and return to the Main Menu upon completion User ID memory The User ID memory includes the individual s name, language preference and operating mode preference. To program this data from the instrument onto a Touch ID button: 1. Set the user ID in the current session to the ID that should be written onto the Touch ID button. User ID s may be manually input into the PhD5 with the directions given in section Enter the Touch ID Menu as described above in section LOCATION_MEMORY USER_ID_MEMORY CLEAR_MEMORY 3. Use the up navigation arrow to highlight USER ID MEMORY and press the MODE button. INSERT ID BUTTON PLEASE 4. Press the Touch ID button to the Touch ID reader on the front of the PhD5. TOUCH ID FOUND WRITING COMPLETED 46

49 Chapter 6. Basic maintenance CAUTION: Maintenance of the PhD5 should only be performed by appropriately trained personnel. 6.1 Sensors At instrument start up, the PhD5 is designed to recognize the Smart Sensors that are installed and automatically set the appropriate alarm and display readings. The PhD5 automatically recognizes when sensor changes have been made since the instrument was last turned on. Note: Any changes made to the sensors installed, even changing one sensor for another of the exact same type, will trigger a Needs Cal message the next time the instrument is turned on. The PhD5 must be re-calibrated before being returned to service after any sensor changes. Caution: The PhD5 must be turned off prior to removing or replacing sensors Sensor replacement To remove or replace sensors in the PhD5, do the following: 1. Make sure the PhD5 is turned off. 2. Remove the three philips screws from the sensor cover and remove the sensor cover. For replacement of existing sensors perform steps A3 and A4. A3. From the outer surface of the sensor cover gently push out, with a flat blade screwdriver, the metal screen, gasket/spacer, filter/snap ring assembly in the position above the sensor(s) to be replaced and discard. The metal screen is not to be reused and its absence will not affect performance. A4. Remove any remaining traces of adhesive from the recessed hole in the sensor cover. Then proceed to step C5 or D5 depending on the sensor type. For new sensor installation perform steps B3 and B4. B3. From the outer surface of the sensor cover, push out yellow dust cap with a blunt tool. B4. Remove sensor blank from the sensor compartment. Then proceed to step C5 or D5 depending on the sensor type. For Sensors O2, LEL, CO, CO Plus, CO-H, H2S, NO, DUO- TOX perform step C5 C5. Place the new filter/snap ring assembly, with ridge side up, onto the recessed hole in the sensor cover. Firmly press into place. Then peel the backing paper from the new rubber gasket and place, adhesive side down, centered over the newly mounted filter/snap ring assembly. Now proceed to step 6. For Reactive Gas Sensors: SO2, NO2, PH3, HCN, Cl2, ClO2 perform step D5. D5. Place the new teflon spacer onto the recessed hole in the sensor cover. Firmly press into place. For optimal sensor response, there is no sensor cover-mounted, external filter element used with these sensors. Now proceed to step Press the replacement sensor into place. 7. Replace the sensor cap. 8. The new sensor must be allowed to stabilize prior to use. The following chart gives a breakdown by sensor type with the required stability period for current PhD5 sensors. The instrument does not need to be turned on while new sensors are stabilizing, but functioning batteries must be installed in the instrument. If the instrument is a NiCad unit, it may be placed in a powered charger for the duration of the stabilization period. Sensor Stabilization Period Oxygen ( ) 1 hour LEL ( (all versions)) 5 minutes All Toxic sensors except 15 minutes those shown below NH 3 Sensor 24 hours NO Sensor 9. The PhD5 will automatically recognize the changes that have been made upon turn on and display the Warning Needs Cal message. 10. Recalibrate the PhD5 with calibration gas appropriate for the new sensor before the instrument is put back into service. PhD5 programming includes safeguards to recognize maladjusted sensors. During the initial calibration, if the readings generated by the new sensor are significantly different than those of the old sensor, a message will be displayed indicating that that the sensor reading is Too Low or Too High for one-button auto-calibration adjustment. Once the new sensor has been adjusted using the manual fresh air/zero calibration procedure described in section 4.5.1, it will then be possible to do subsequent fresh air and span calibrations by pressing the MODE button three times within two seconds to initiate the automatic calibration sequence. Note: The first fresh air/zero adjustment after the installation of a new sensor should be done using the manual calibration procedure as discussed in section of this manual New sensor releases Biosystems occasionally releases a new type of toxic sensor, or makes changes to existing sensors in order to improve performance. In some cases it may be necessary to update the PhD5 s internal software before making use of the new sensor. If a sensor that is incompatible with the current configuration of the instrument s internal software is installed, a message stating that the sensor is Not Supported will be displayed at the time the instrument is turned on. For instructions on updating the internal instrument software in your PhD5, see section 6.4 below. 47

50 6.1.3 Troubleshooting sensor problems Many difficulties with sensors can be resolved easily. Below are a few of the most common sensor-related problems. For greater details on sensor problems and solutions, see the PhD5 Technical Manual Can t make automatic fresh air/zero calibration adjustment Possible causes and solutions The atmosphere in which the instrument is located is contaminated (or was contaminated at the time the instrument was last fresh air calibrated. A new sensor has just been installed. Instrument has been dropped or banged since last turned on. There has been a significant change in temperature of humidity since the instrument was last used. Recommended action: Take the instrument to fresh air and allow readings to stabilize. Perform a manual fresh air/zero adjustment as discussed in section If the manual fresh air/zero procedure fails to correct the problem, call Biosystems Instrument Service Department at (860) x-509 or (800) x Can t make span calibration adjustment. Causes: Instrument failed the last fresh air / zero calibration. Empty calibration gas cylinder. Expired calibration gas cylinder. Calibration gas setting does not correspond to calibration gas. Sensor has drifted outside of the range for automatic calibration. LEL only: Type of calibration gas (standard) has changed significantly. Dead sensor. Instrument problem. Solutions: 1. Verify that the instrument can be fresh air / zero calibrated by performing the procedure discussed in section Verify that the calibration gas is not empty. 3. Verify that the calibration gas is not expired. 4. Verify that the calibration gas is the correct type for the sensor and that the calibration gas settings are identical to those given on the cylinders. See section for instructions related to calibration gas settings. 5. Span calibrate the instrument manually by following the instructions given in section If the calibration gas standard has changed significantly, span calibrate the instrument manually be following the instructions given in section Replace sensor. 8. Send instrument back to Biosystems. 6.2 Motorized pump A motorized sample pump is available for the PhD5 for remote sampling. The motorized pump is powered by the PhD5 battery. When the pump is attached and functioning normally, a flashing P will appear in the upper left-hand corner of the LCD display. P O2 LEL CO H2S CAUTION: Never perform remote sampling with the PhD5 without the sample probe assembly. The sample probe handle contains replaceable filters designed to block moisture and remove particulate contaminants. If the pump is operated without the probe assembly in place, particulate contaminants may be drawn into the instrument causing damage to the pump, sensors and internal components of the PhD5. The motorized sample pump includes a pressure sensor designed to protect the PhD5 from exposure to water or other liquids. If there is a sufficient change in pressure in the sample draw assembly due to fluid intake or other blockage, the pump immediately shuts down. After a few seconds audible and visible alarms indicating a low flow condition will also be activated. Pump Fault Pump Low Flow Remove Blockage Pump Low Flow MODE=Acknowledge CAUTION: Make sure that the sample draw tube is not inserted into a fluid horizontally or at a low angle. The pressure sensor in the motorized pump is designed to detect changes while the sample-draw probe is being held in a vertical position. If the probe is held horizontally or at a low angle while immersed in a fluid, pressure sufficient to cause the pump to shut down may not be generated, and water may be drawn into the pump assembly causing damage to the pump, sensors and internal components of the PhD5. To avoid potential damage, care must be taken to keep the probe vertical whenever fluids may be present. As an additional safeguard, the pump contains an internally housed particulate filter. If the pump is operated without the sample probe assembly in place, or in a particularly dirty atmosphere, this internal filter may become clogged and require replacement. Standard accessories with every motorized pump include a package of 10 replacement filters for the pump (Biosystems part number ) Pump performance The PhD5 automatically verifies pump performance upon startup of the instrument, or whenever the pump is attached during normal operation Verifying pump performance Pump performance is automatically tested when the pump is attached to the instrument. A similar test is automatically initiated if the pump is attached prior to turn-on. 1. Attach the pump to the PhD5. Make sure that the sample probe and tubing assembly is attached to the pump inlet. Pump Detected 2. The PhD5 will automatically prompt the user to test the pump system. 48

51 Pump Testing Block Sample 3. Verify that there are no leaks in the system by covering the end of the sample probe tube with a finger. If there are no leaks a message will be displayed indicating that the pump test passed. Pump Test Passed Remove Blockage 4. Press the MODE button to reset the pump. The following screen will then be displayed. Notice the flashing P in the upper left corner of the LCD display, which indicates that the pump is attached and in normal operation. P O2 LEL CO H2S Pump test failed The pump includes a pressure sensor designed to measure pump flow. If there is insufficient pump flow, the pump test will fail and the PhD5 will display the following message. Pump Test Failed Remove Pump Remove the pump. Since pump failure results from insufficient pump flow, there is either a leak in the sample draw system or the pump itself is not operating properly. To locate or rule out a leak in the sample draw system: 1. Remove the sample draw probe and tubing from the pump. 2. Reattach the pump to the instrument without the sample probe and tubing assembly. The instrument will again proceed with the pump test. 3. Block the pump inlet with a finger. If the pump test passes, then the leak is located in the probe and tubing assembly. If the pump test fails, then the failure is inside of the pump itself. If the leak is located in the sample probe and tubing assembly, inspect it and look for the leak. See section 6.3 for instructions on the replacement of key probe parts. If the leak is located in the pump itself, the pump may be disassembled. See section for instructions on how to open the pump assembly Low flow pump failure If the instrument detects a pump fault during normal operation, it will automatically indicate that a pump fault exists on the display and the audible and visible alarms will be activated. Pump Fault The instrument will then instruct the user to remove the blockage. Pump Low Flow Remove Blockage Pump Low Flow MODE=Acknowledge In most cases, the cause of the blockage is easily recognized. Remove the blockage, reattach the hose and probe assembly and press the MODE button to reset the pump. Once the pump starts up, retest the pump seals by placing a finger over the end of the sample probe Internal pump filter replacement The following procedure describes how to replace the internal pump filter: 1. Remove the four bottom screws from the pump assembly and disassemble the upper and lower sections of the pump case. 2. Remove the two pieces of tubing from the filter cap by gently twisting and pulling until the ends are free. 3. Remove the filter cap and replace the used filter. 4. Reattach the filter cap and tubing. Make sure the tubing is secure to the filter cap before reassembling the upper and lower pump cases. 5. Reassemble the upper and lower sections of the pump case. Do not over-tighten the four screws! Note: Proper operation must be verified before the pump is put back into service. See section above Specific problems with motorized pump Pump will not turn on Possible causes: Pump is not properly attached to the instrument. Instrument is not turned on. Instrument battery too low for pump operation. Solution(s): Make sure pump is properly attached to instrument, recharge or replace instrument batteries Can t resume normal operation after a Low Flow shut down Possible causes: Sample probe or internal pump filters need replacement, sample hose kinked, sample probe and probe assembly contains fluids. Solution(s): Turn off PhD5, remove pump, disconnect sample probe an hose assembly, allow any trapped fluids to drain; replace filters as necessary, examine hose to make sure there are no kinks blocking normal flow. 6.3 Sample probe assembly The sample probe handle contains moisture barrier (hydrophobic) and particulate filters designed to remove contaminants that might otherwise harm the instrument. CAUTION: Never operate the PhD5 in remote sampling mode without the sample probe and hose assembly. The sample probe handle contains replaceable filters designed to block moisture and remove particulate contaminants. If the pump is operated without the probe assembly in place particulate contaminants may cause damage to the pump, sensors and internal components of the PhD5. Particulate contaminants are removed by means of a cellulose filter. The hydrophobic filter includes a 0.1 µm Teflon barrier which blocks the flow of moisture as well as any remaining particulate contaminants. Sample probe filters should be replaced whenever visibly discolored due to contamination. A spare filter replacement kit (Biosystems part number K0401) is included with every PhD5. 49

52 Figure 6.3 PhD5 sample draw probe Changing sample probe filters The threaded sample probe handle is unscrewed (as shown in Figure 6.3 above) to provide access to the filters. The particulate filter is held in place by a clear filter cup. To replace the particulate filter, remove the old filter and cup, insert a new filter into the cup, and slide the cup back into place in the probe handle. The hydrophobic barrier filter fits into a socket in the rear section of the probe handle. (The narrow end of the hydrophobic barrier filter is inserted towards the rear of the handle.) Changing sample probe tubes The standard 11.5 long probe tube is held in place by means of a hex-nut compression fitting and compression sleeve. The standard probe tube is designed to be easily interchangeable with other custom length sections of 1/4 OD tubing, or probe tubes made of other materials (such as stainless steel). To exchange probe tubes, loosen the hex-nut compression fitting, remove the old tube, slide the compression sleeve into place around the new tube, insert the new tube into the probe handle, and replace and tighten the hex-nut. 6.4 Firmware upgrade from the Biosystems website The instrument firmware for the PhD5 may be upgraded directly from Biosystems website. The Flash download is a two-step download process that will prepare your PC to update the flash program of your PhD5. To install the files: Close all applications (except the internet connection) that are currently running on your computer. Go to and select the Technical Information icon from the entry screen. Click on the software download icon. Select the PhD5. Follow the directions given on the screen to download the flash utility program and then the flash file itself. The flash file for the PhD5 must be uploaded into the instrument through a functional PhD5 Datadock Returning your PhD5 to Biosystems for service or repair Please contact the Biosystems Service Department at (860) to obtain a Return Authorization number prior to shipment. A Biosystems Instrument Service Representative will record all relevant information or special instructions at that time. To ensure safe transport, whenever possible please use the original PhD5 packing materials when returning instruments to Biosystems for service. If the original packing materials are not available, please take additional care to pack the instrument in packing materials that will protect the instrument and accessories during shipment. Note: The return authorization number must be clearly marked on the outside of the box. Writing the return authorization number prominently on the outside of the box ensures that the return will be immediately identified and logged into our system at the time it is received. Proper tracking helps avoid unnecessary delays in completion of service procedures. Please contact the Biosystems Instrument Service Department at (800) or (860) if you require any additional information. Thank you for choosing the PhD5, and thank you for choosing Biosystems. 50

53 6.6 Exploded view and parts lists for PhD5 1 Phd Id Number Part Number Description Battery Clip Battery Gasket Phd 5 Case Top Mode Button Phd 5 Label Number Part Number Description Mode Button Case Top Battery Hold down Grill Cover Gasket Grill Cover O-Ring P2 Screw Screw Case Gasket Display Board Front Label Main Board Lock Washer Screw Bottom Assembly Screw with O-Ring O-Ring Case Snap Case Screw (2) & (2) RF Shielding Material 51