Firefighting Robot. I. Introduction

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1 Firefighting Robot Mustafa Hamza Abd-Elhamed Khalid 1 and Dr. Eltaher Mohamed Hussein 2 1 Control Engineering, Alneelain University, mustafa099935@gmail.com 2 College of Engineering, Sudan University of science and technology, 2 Faculty of Engineering, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan altahir_33@yahoo.com Publishing Date: February 26, 2017 Abstract This paper was designed a firefighting robot to extinguish the fire to a private buildings and warehouses by using radio frequency, PIC 16F84A where it s designed the firefighting system which found by using LDR sensor and used c language to programming. The performance of system has been monitored through actual experience and got good results from this experiment. Based on the problems listed previously designed a car to extinguish the fire, which has a total of features including to rely on machine in firefighting operations without human intervention rendered it reduces the risk Who may affect firefighter while working and to enter the places may make it difficult for fire engines to access the normal process of making extinguish the fire and easy process, to reduce the time spent waiting for the regular fire engines are designed for some private enterprises[1]. Keyword: Microcontroller (PIC16f84A), Photo resistor, L293D, 4 dc motors (2 for driving a car and 2 for fire extinction), Push-button, Oscillator, Radio Frequency, Power supply. I. Introduction Fire disasters that cause losses scandalous life and property and facilities; due to the presence of large quantities of flammable materials in everything that surrounds us, and usually corrupt fires as a result of negligence or because of the presence of gases assistant for combustion in the presence of ventilation is not good, and if they are not controlled, they lead to bad consequences. Usually to work to avoid the spread of fire or extinguished, people turn to car fire brigade, which may be far from the site of the fire and when they arrive may devour fire a large part of the property, has exposed a man fire brigade himself in danger when he tried to extinguish the fire and on the basis of these factors has been innovating firefighting robot to him you put out the fire automatically or by giving order (manually) to move to the site of fire if the room or store inside the facility[2]. The idea and principle of action of this robot automated, programmed microcontroller, it is a circuit integrated electronic contain a microprocessor, internal memory, and an internal programmable memory.microcontroller is the most solution to electronic problems, is the basis for most devices, even remote control, as well as mouse, microwave device and more applications. Microcontroller is used and programmed to make this car work intelligently to enter the place of the fire and extinguished depending on the presence of sensor[3], sensors found in every room or store, sensor is a component of the sensing of physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, speed, movement and power and light and sound and then converted into quantities electrical equivalent to those quantities physical, these sensors detects the presence of fire in place and are sending a pulse or notice sensing the presence of a fire via radio waves. The circuit of sensor may consist of a set of sensors such as Heat Sensor sensing the temperature in the room or store, and adjusts the temperature of the fire, for example (60 C) if the temperature is, for example, is greater than that sends a signal to the microcontroller exact tells him there is a fire.and used in the circuit of sensor optical sensor to send a signal depending on the intensity of illumination resulting from the outbreak of the fire so that sometimes happens when the fire lighting intensity be no place so that it can 42

2 control the lock and unlock the sensor manually or automatically[4]. Related Studies Robotic has gained popularity due to the advancement of many technologies of computing and nano technologies. So, we have decided to design something that can make humans life easier and comfortable. Here my interest of review is to make a fully automated firefighting robot which can help in dealing with many fire problems in households and small scale industries. The aims of this project are to design and build a firefighting robot which can quickly extinguish fire. This project using autonomous robot that could act automatically depends on the program that has been programmed into the microcontroller PIC. This robot used sensor to detect the fire. When the robot senses the fire, it will start to beep. With these tools, people and the fire brigade would be warned. Firemen and any people could control the robot using remote to extinguish a fire. This remote equipped a 6-channel transmitter module RF with 433MHz PCR 1A connected with PIC16F887 as main board microcontroller. For software we use Power Logic for schematic circuit design and Proteus for designing the PCB layout. Then, we use MP lab for programming the PIC micro-controller using C language. It is hoped that this robot will be fully functioned and achieve the objective of this project.in there result conclude that this robot can be used in many places without risking any life of our fire fighters. We can use them in our homes, labs, offices etc. They provide us greater efficiency in detecting the flame and extinguishing it before it become uncontrollable in[5]. II. Methodology In this paper, microcontroller (PIC 16f84a) use to control the car firefighting to enter the location of the fire. Models which used in the radio transmitter and receiver is RF module, so as to send a signal resulting from the fire, which induce resistance by Optical sensors or a heat sensitive or smoke. In this project, we used a delicate Optical (light resistance) to the output of the light sensor. When the fire in the site, the light sensor sensing the fire signal and then send the signal through the Models transmitter radio (RF module) and so reception Models receive signal which located in the car in order to control, which represents the brain of a car[6]. The car turns direct to the location of the fire and extinguishing the fire after that it returns to the site allocated to it. To meet the objective of this study the following steps will be performed this paper was created depending on the capacity enjoyed by the microcontroller and use it in a clever way to do some work that could not maybe work rights. Writing assembly level programs for PIC 16f84a microcontroller Development a working model of firefighting robot. In depth study comparative analysis and various embedded tools[7]. 43

3 Figure 1: Basic Flow Chart of Firefighting Robot 44

4 Figure 2: Simulation Diagram III. Result and Discussion The designed program loaded into PIC16F84A microcontroller and executed. Initially when the signal coming to the microcontroller in (port a) the microcontroller understand this signal and translate it to moving motors of the car to drive it to the desired place where fire is flame. When the car has been stopped in the desired place extinction indicator start operating immediately and still operating while the signal coming to the microcontroller (in port a). If the signal halt the indicator while turn off and the car refer to primary place selfsame coming coordinated. The signal coming to the microcontroller represented by the push button switch. And the indicator indicate until the extinction machine start operating and here in simulation represented by the red led. 45

5 Figure 3: Simulation for Indicator Turns on When the car has been stopped in the desired place extinction indicator start operating immediately and still operating while the signal coming to the microcontroller (in port a). If the signal halt the indicator while turn off and the car refer to primary place selfsame coming coordinated. The result obtained is shown in Figure 3. 46

6 Figure 4: Hardware for the Driving a Car by Two Motors IV. Conclusion In this paper the extinction control system by the fire extinction engine is successfully designed and tested. The moving of the fire extinction Engine is applied by using PIC16F84A. Proteus simulation is used to design the program required to run the microcontroller the result inside good performance of the accuracy the design system. References [4] Thein, M. Elektrische Maschinen in Kraftfahrzeugen [Electric Machines in Motor Vehicles] (in German), [5] Fire Fighting Robot Nurul Akmal binti Kamaruddin1, Muhamad Zulhilmi bin Hussain2, Nurasmahan binti Bakar3, Muhamad Asraf bin Mohd Rofiee4 (2012). [6] S. Sedro and K.C Smith, Microelectronics circuits, Springer publishing Company, [7] F. Egan, William Practical RF System Design (2003). [1] 15/7/2016, 11:32 pm. [2] 13/7/2016, 1:56 Am. [3] 12/6/2016, 3:36 PM. 47