Janine Bain Rhonda Lewis Harland Hirst Sandra Olive David Johnson Edward Maurer Kathy Felsten Joe Halle

Transcription

1 WEST CENTRAL FLORIDA SAFETY ALLIANCE MEETING NOTES July 20, 2012, 10:00 AM Noon Our thanks to Lanier Upshaw of Lakeland for hosting us at their facility and to Saddle Creek Corporation for sponsoring the complementary lunch! IN ATTENDANCE: Luke Vaughan John Leedy, Guest Speaker Jodie Ciccarello Dorothy Williams John Denham Andrew Lockwood Joan Spencer Mac Williams Janine Bain Rhonda Lewis Harland Hirst Sandra Olive David Johnson Edward Maurer Kathy Felsten Joe Halle David Posey Wayne Mckinney Aggie Mellow LaRa Rogers Neville Walters Todd Stetson SPEAKER: John Leedy, President, Leedy Electric: Arc Flash Safety See attachments for additional information on this topic. BUSSINESS MEETING: Due to the length of the presentation and follow up questions, there was no business meeting. NEXT MEETING: August 17, 2012 at 10:00 AM at the Tampa Area Safety Council: OSHA s New Global Harmonization Standard. Page 1 of 1

2 Electrical Workplace Safety NFPA 2012 Significant Changes Lee Hale NFPA Committee Member Partner e-hazard.com

3 Disclaimer This document and the opinions in this document are not the opinion of NFPA or the NFPA committee. The information in this document is based on the ballot and the opinions of those attending the meeting and developing the seminar. They are intended for use by companies in developing best practices for electrical safety compliance and may or may not reflect the minimum requirements of NFPA 2012.

4 By the Numbers Annually, U.S. averages Annually, U.S. averages 4,000 non-disabling electrical contact injuries 3,600 disabling electrical contact injuries Every day 1 person is electrocuted in the workplace Electrocutions are 4th leading cause of traumatic occupational fatalities Each year +2,000 workers are sent to burn centers with electrical burns

5 US Fatalities with Potential Arc Component Fatalities Statistics from BLS website. Analysis by Hugh Hoagland ArcWear.com. To see calculations, visit

6 Importance of Electrical Safety 1 to to 10 1 Fatality 1 Fatality 30 Lost-time Injuries 300 Recordable Injuries 10 Recordable Injuries 30,000 Near Misses 300,000 At-Risk Behaviors Overall Safety Electrical Safety So could it just take 10,000 electrical at-risk behaviors to lead to a fatality?

7 Arc-in-a-Box Arc-in-a-box energy can be two to twelve times greater when the arc is an arc in a box situation. Watch the disconnect door

8 Common Ways to Interact with Equipment An arc flash hazard is a state that occurs when exposed parts are present OR when you are interacting with a piece of equipment in such a way that you could cause an arc flash. Opening or closing doors or removing a cover. Operating switches or circuit breakers. Racking a circuit breaker. Using tools or test equipment. Misunderstood concept

9 Arc Blast Data 40 50kA can: Produce a 25 psi pressure wave which can throw a person several feet. Create a 165 db sound wave. 20 ka, 10 cycle <6 cal/cm² Watch disconnect door & mannequin

10 100. Arc Flash Boundary Related terms used throughout the document such as: flash protection boundary flash hazard boundary, flash boundary shall be modified to the new term arc flash boundary. Boundary, Arc Flash Boundary, Limited, Restricted, Prohibited

11 Arc Rating Total Document Arc rating will be added across the document to further identify that FR doesn t always mean the clothing was tested to the correct ASTM test for Arc Rating. MOST flame resistant (FR) garments are arc rated but some claim to be FR but meet no related standards. This will eliminate these from use.

12 130.7(C)(10)(b) Arc Flash Protective Equipment Head Protection An Arc rated balaclava shall be used with an arc rated face shield when the back of the head is within the arc flash boundary. An arc rated hood shall be used the incident energy exceeds 12 cal/cm2.

13 130.7(C)(16) Personal Clothing and Personal Protective Equipment HRC 2* and HRC 2 are combined HRC 2 will require an arc rated face shield and Balaclava or Arc rated flash suit hood. HRC 1 requires arc rated face shield & safety glasses

14 100. Working On Working On (energized electrical conductors or circuit parts). Intentionally coming in contact with energized electrical conductors or circuit parts. Clarifies the difference between Diagnostic testing and repair.

15 100. Working On Addresses conflicting statements and articles with testing, trouble shooting, electrically safe work condition and electrical work permit and inadvertent contact Diagnostic Testing is still OK Intentionally coming in contact (repair) requires an electrical work permit.

16 130.2(B)(1) Energized Electrical Work Permit When Required. When intentionally working on exposed energized conductors or circuit parts within the limited approach boundary.

17 Exposed to Electrical Hazards Misunderstood concept Exposed (as applied to energized conductors, parts or equipment). If you can inadvertently touch a part, you MUST be protected from it. 84

18 110.1(C) Documentation There shall be a documented meeting between the host employer and the contract employer.

19 Types of Training Classroom, and/or On-the-job (OJT) Documentation Required Demonstrated proficiency. Name & dates training conducted Maintained for duration of employment NFPA (D)

20 110.2.C Emergency Procedures Employees exposed to shock hazards and those employees responsible for taking action in case of emergency shall be trained in methods of release first aid, CPR and in automatic external defibrillator (AED) use. shall be certified by the employer annually.

21 Helping Someone Getting Shocked DO NOT touch the person. You will only become a second victim. Turn off energy source, if possible. Dislodge the person from the energy source by using a non-conductive item such as a broom or board. Push them away.

22 110.2(D)(1)(f) Employee Training The employer shall determine, through regular supervision or through inspections conducted on at least an annual basis that each employee is complying with the safety-related work practices required by this standard. Supervisory Work Practice Inspection

23 110.2(D)(3)(3) Retraining Retraining shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 3 years (E) Training Documentation The documentation shall contain the content of the training, each employee s...

24 110.3.(E) Electrical Safety Program Procedures. An electrical safety program shall identify the procedures for working: within the Limited Approach Boundary (LAB) and for working within the arc flash boundary (AFB) before work is started. Goal of separation of LAB and AFB makes work clearer.

25 110.3.(G) Job Briefings Toolbox Talk Additional job briefings shall be held if changes that might affect the safety of employees occur during the course of the work.

26 Record Keeping Training required min. every 3 years NFPA 110.2(D). Document that employees demonstrated skill proficiency NFPA 110.2(E). Dielectric test records of HV live-line tools OSHA (j), rubber gear OSHA (b), and insulated mobile equipment OSHA (e)(3). Some incident records required OSHA 300 Log. Annual supervisory safe work practice inspections NFPA 110.2(D)(1)(f) Documented electrical safety program audit (not more than every 3 yrs.) & annual field audit. NFPA 70 E (H)

27 110.4 Testing Only qualified persons shall perform tasks such as testing, troubleshooting, voltage measuring, etc. within the LAB of energized electrical conductors or circuit parts operating at 50 volts or more or where an electrical hazard exists.

28 Work Involving Electrical Hazards General All requirements of this article shall apply whether an incident energy analysis is completed or if Table 130.7(C)(15)(a), Table 130.7(C)(15)(b) and Table 130.7(C)(16) are utilized in lieu of an incident energy analysis in accordance with exception

29 Lockout/Tagout What is the one thing you know when you pull a disconnect down? You moved the handle.

30 Safety-Related Work Practices Exposed to Electrical Hazards Blades open

31 ONE Hand Rule Wear proper PPE level. Stand out of the line-of-fire. Turn head away. Take a deep breath & hold it. DO NOT reach across door.

32 130.3.A edition Arc Flash Protection Boundary The 4 foot boundary based on 100 Ka cycles has been DELETED! NEW AC and DC Tables will contain the fault current, clearing time and the prospective arc flash boundary's for the tasks! FINALLY!

33 130.4(D) Approach by Unqualified Persons. Unless permitted by 130.4(D)(2), no unqualified person shall be permitted to approach nearer than the Limited Approach Boundary of energized conductors and circuit parts.

34 130.5 Arc Flash Hazard Analysis 5 year review of facility Arc Flash Hazard Analysis still required Any changes to system require updating

35 Table Arc Flash Hazard Analysis Informational Note No. 5: See IEEE 1584 for more information regarding arc flash hazards for threephase systems rated less than 240 volts.

36 Required Labels Nominal System Voltage Arc Flash boundary And one of the following: Incident energy & working distance Min. Arc Rating of Clothing Required PPE Level Highest HRC for the Equipment Best Practice can include: Equipment name/id Upstream device Min 8 cal/cm² PPE 5.4 cal/cm² 5 feet Method of calculating and support data for labels shall be documented NFPA (C)

37 What Equipment Must be Labeled? Switchboards Panelboards Industrial Control Panels Meter Socket enclosures Motor Control Centers IF electrical equipment is likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing or maintenance while energized, [it] shall be field marked with a label (C)

38 Old Arc Flash Hazard Labels The labels below are acceptable if applied prior to September 30, NFPA (C)

39 130.6(H) Housekeeping duties Housekeeping Duties. Employees shall not perform housekeeping duties inside the Limited Approach Boundary where there is a possibility of contact with energized electrical conductors or circuit parts, unless adequate safeguards (such as insulating equipment or barriers) are provided to prevent contact. 20

40 130.7(A) Personal and Other Protective Equipment Informational Note #2 It is the collective experience of the TC that normal operation of enclosed electrical equipment operating at 600 volts or less, properly installed and maintained by qualified persons is not likely to expose and employee to an electrical hazard.

41 130.7(C) Personal Protective Equipment When an employee is working within the Restricted Approach Boundary, the worker shall wear personal protective equipment in accordance with sections. Prohibited Restricted Limited

42 130.7(C)(10)(1) Heavy Duty leather gloves Heavy duty leather gloves NEW DEFINITION throughout the standard min thickness 0.7mm. Acceptable as Arc Flash protection to 10 cal/cm² Rubber gloves with leather protectors for > 10 cal/cm²

43 130.7(C)(10)(e) Foot Protection Heavy duty leather work shoes shall be used in all exposures > 4 cal/cm2 EH (Electrical Hazard) shoes meeting ASTM F2413 can provide a secondary source of electric shock protection under dry conditions.

44 130.7(C)(15)(a) AC tables NEW FORMAT The category headers will contain the following: Available fault current & Clearing times Working distances Prospective Arc Flash Hazard boundary distances

45 130.7.C edition 600 volt class MCC s will be broken up into sections to reflect the different available fault currents, clearing times and prospective arc flash hazard boundary s.

46 130.7(C)(15)(b) DC tables - NEW The category headers will contain the following: Available fault current & Clearing time Working distances Prospective Arc Flash Hazard boundary distances Tasks, Hazard/Risk Category's, Rubber insulating gloves and Insulated tools will look like the AC tables.

47 Annex F Update on Risk Assessment

48 DC Arc Flash Calc Annex D

49 Questions Lee Hale E-Hazard.com or ArcWear.com E-Hazard.com Monthly Newsletter

50 Understanding Arc Flash Simply put, an arc flash is a phenomenon where a flashover of electric current leaves its intended path and travels through the air from one conductor to another, or to ground. The results are often violent and when a human is in close proximity to the arc flash, serious injury and even death can occur. Arc flash can be caused by many things including: Dust Dropping tools Accidental touching Condensation Material failure Corrosion Faulty Installation Three factors determine the severity of an arc flash injury: Proximity of the worker to the hazard Temperature Time for circuit to break Because of the violent nature of an arc flash exposure when an employee is injured, the injury is serious even resulting in death. It s not uncommon for an injured employee to never regain their past quality of life. Extended medical care is often required, sometimes costing in excess of $1,000,000. Typical Results from an Arc Flash Burns (Non FR clothing can burn onto skin) Fire (could spread rapidly through building) Flying objects (often molten metal) Blast pressure (upwards of 2,000 lbs. / sq.ft) Sound Blast (noise can reach 140 db loud as a gun) Heat (upwards of 35,000 degrees F) This material was produced under grant number SH F-12 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

51 Approach / Protection Boundaries The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed specific approach boundaries designed to protect employees while working on or near energized equipment. These boundaries are: Flash Protection Boundary (outer boundary) Limited Approach Restricted Approach Prohibited Approach (inner boundary) Flash Protection Boundary (outer boundary): The flash boundary is the farthest established boundary from the energy source. If an arc flash occurred, this boundary is where an employee would be exposed to a curable second degree burn (1.2 calories/cm 2 ). The issue here is the heat generated from a flash that results in burns. Limited Approach: An approach limit at a distance from an exposed live part where a shock hazard exists. Restricted Approach: An approach limit at a distance from an exposed live part which there is an increased risk of shock. Prohibited Approach (inner boundary): A distance from an exposed part which is considered the same as making contact with the live part. This distance is not common between equipment. Some equipment will have a greater flash protection boundary while other equipment will have a lesser boundary. Ways to Protect the Workers There exists a number of ways to protect workers from the threat of electrical hazards. Some of the methods are for the protection of qualified employees doing work on electrical circuit and other methods are geared towards non-qualified employees who work nearby energized equipment. This material was produced under grant number SH F-12 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

52 Here are a few of the protective methods: De-energize the circuit Work Practices Insulation Guarding Barricades Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI) Grounding (secondary protection) If You Must Work on Energized Circuits If it has been determined that deenergizing a circuit is not feasible and the employee must work hot, the employer shall develop and enforce safety-related work practices to prevent electric shock or other injuries resulting from either direct or indirect electrical contacts. The specific safety-related work practices shall be consistent with the nature and extent of the associated electrical hazards. These safety related work practices could include: Energized Electrical Work Permit Personal Protective Equipment Insulated Tools Written Safety Program Job Briefing Fast Fact: The most effective and fool-proof way to eliminate the risk of electrical shock or arc flash is to simply deenergize the equipment. Understanding the Arc Flash Warning Labels Each piece of equipment operating at 50 volts or more and not put into a deenergized state must be evaluated for arc flash and shock protection. This evaluation will determine the actual boundaries (i.e. prohibited, limited, restricted etc) and will inform the employee of what PPE must be worn. Once the evaluation is complete an Arc Flash Hazard warning label must be affixed to the equipment and readily accessible to employees who may work on the energized equipment. This material was produced under grant number SH F-12 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

53 Minimum arc flash label example Detailed (preferred) arc flash label example The Employees Obligation Employees must follow the requirements of the Arc Flash Hazard label by wearing the proper personal protective equipment (PPE), use of insulated tools and other safety related precautions. This includes not working on or near the circuit unless you are a qualified worker. Qualified person: One who has received training in and has demonstrated skills and knowledge in the construction and operation of electric equipment and installations and the hazards involved. Additional requirements for qualified persons. Qualified persons (i.e. those permitted to work on or near exposed energized parts) shall, at a minimum, be trained in and familiar with the following: The skills and techniques necessary to distinguish exposed live parts from other parts of electric equipment. The skills and techniques necessary to determine the nominal voltage of exposed live parts, and The clearance distances specified in (c) and the corresponding voltages to which the qualified person will be exposed. This material was produced under grant number SH F-12 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.