Soil Sampling Projects
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1 2011 Soil Fertility Seminars Soil Sampling Projects Innovative Agronomy Jamestown, ND Richard Jenny Agronomist AGVISE Laboratories Benson, MN
2 Who Opened the Floodgates This Fall???
3 What happened in Oct. 2010? Early, Fast and Furious harvest Excellent soil sampling conditions for 4 continuous weeks in our whole trade area. FLOOD of soil samples: Record daily volume Everyone was sampling at the same time No weather/rain delays (Sept. 25 Oct. 25) More precision (grid and zone) samples
4 What will happen 2011? 1. Increase our daily capacity = 2,000/day 2010 = 2,600/day 2011 = at least 3,000/day 2. Add more testing equipment. (~ $200,000) Increase drying and grinding capacity Add K & Zn machine (25%+) Add 3 phosphorus machines (50% +) Add OM machine (50%+) Automate ph and salts (50%+) Add 2 more N & S machines (40%+) Add another Total N machine (25%+) 3. Add more personnel as needed. New Chemist hired. 4. Continue to operate 6 days/week
5 Trends in Soil Sampling Increase in Precision Samples Grid/Zone Pecentage Comparison MN & SD MN % G/Z SD % G/Z 80% 70% 60% 68% 70% 60% 50% 40% 36% 45% 38% 45% 52% 30% 20% 23% 24% 10% 0%
6 Trends in Soil Sampling Grid/Zone Percentage Comparison ND, MT, MB & NW MN 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 26% 28% 31% 25% 20% 15% 15% 11% 15% 15% 16% 10% 5% 8% 11% 11% 0%
7 Trends in Soil Sampling Annual Soil Sample Volume Benson Lab ( )
8 Trends in Soil Sampling Mostly May & June Grid Samples Early Summer Samples Benson Lab (2001 to 2010)
9 Trends in Soil Sampling Fall Samples October - December Benson Lab ( )
10 Soil Sampling Projects in Hand Probe - Wintex 1000 Comparison -Sample Depth Comparison -Sampling Date Comparison -Grid Sampling Orientation Comparison
11 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe May 27, 2010 South of Granite Falls, MN Cooperator: Brian Velde, Centrol Crop Consulting In a planted soybean field 4 sampling points 12 soil cores/point in length parallel to the bean row
12 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe Phos-Olsen Wintex Hand Point Point Point Point Average 25 27
13 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe Phos-Bray 1 Wintex Hand Point Point Point Point Average 52 52
14 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe ph Wintex Hand Point Point Point Point Average
15 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe Potassium Wintex Hand Point Point Point Point Average
16 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe ph Wintex Hand Point Point Point Point Average
17 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe OM Wintex Hand Point Point Point Point Average
18 Wintex 1000 Comparison with Hand Probe Summary: 1. No difference in soil test values between the hand probe method and the Wintex 1000
19 -Increased Speed/Productivity -Much less sampler fatigue -Consistent sample depth -Ease of use for all operators -Minimal maintenance -No probe lubrication -Does NOT plug -Durable construction -Simple installation -Works in all soil types -Sands to Clays Wintex 1000 Topsoil Sampler
20 Top Soil Depth Comparison May 28, 2010 South of Benson, MN Cooperator: Kent Evenson In a planted soybean field 7 sampling points 12 soil cores/point in length perpendicular to the bean row
21 86 Acre Top Soil Depth Comparison Wintex 1000 Top Soil Depth 4. Loamy 3. Sandy Comparison 5. Sandy Clay Loam Sand Loam 6. Sandy Loam 2. Sandy Loam 1. Sandy Loam 7. Clay Loam
22 Top Soil Depth Comparison Average of 7 Sampling Points in a Soybean Field Depth Nitrate-N Sulfur inches lbs/a lbs/a
23 Top Soil Depth Comparison Average of 7 Sampling Points in a Soybean Field Depth Phos-O Phos-B1 inches ppm ppm
24 Top Soil Depth Comparison Average of 7 Sampling Points in a Soybean Field Depth Potassium Zinc inches ppm ppm
25 Top Soil Depth Comparison Average of 7 Sampling Points in a Soybean Field Depth ph OM inches %
26 Stratification of Nutrients Conventional Tillage Depth Phos-O K 2 O OM ph inches ppm ppm % SDSU: Brookings
27 Stratification of Nutrients No-till Situation Depth Phos-O K 2 O OM ph inches ppm ppm % SDSU: Beresford
28 Top Soil Depth Comparison Topsoil vs Subsoil (Mellette, SD) Depth Phos-O K 2 O OM ph Salts inches ppm ppm %
29 Top Soil Depth Comparison Summary: 1. Mobile nutrients (N & S): Can increase or decrease as depth increases 2. Immobile nutrients (P, K & Zn): P & Zn: Usually decreases as depth increases K: Can increase or decrease as depth increases 3. ph: Can increase or decrease as depth increases 4. OM: Usually decreases as depth increases 5. Stratification of nutrients is more likely the less you till: Consistency in sampling depth
30 -Grid sample orientation -Circle the center point -Parallel to the row -Perpendicular to the row -Diagonal to the row diameter at the center point of the grid Grid Sample Orientation Average of 14 Sample Points In 3 Harvested Soybean Fields in 2010
31 Grid Sample Orientation Average of 14 Sample Points In 3 Harvested Soybean Fields in 2010 Phos-O Potassium ppm ppm Parallel Perpendicular Diagonal Circle
32 Grid Sample Orientation Average of 14 Sample Points In 3 Harvested Soybean Fields in 2010 Zinc ph ppm Parallel Perpendicular Diagonal Circle
33 Grid Sample Orientation Average of 14 Sample Points In 3 Harvested Soybean Fields in 2010 OM Salts % mhos/cm Parallel Perpendicular Diagonal Circle
34 Grid Sample Orientation Average of 14 Sample Points In 3 Harvested Soybean Fields in 2010 Summary: 1. No difference in soil test values based upon the grid sample orientation. 2. Stay away from a band (starter or deep band) of applied P, K or Zn as this will erroneously elevate the soil test values.
35 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall 2 soybean fields were sampled Field 1: 14 points Field 2: 7 points Sampled twice: 1) After soybean emergence 2) After soybean harvest
36 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall Average of combined data Early Summer Post Harvest Phos-Olsen (12 pts) ppm Phos-Bray 1 (9 pts) ppm 29 29
37 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall Average of combined data Early Summer Post Harvest Potassium ppm Zinc ppm
38 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall Average of combined data Early Summer Post Harvest ph Organic Matter %
39 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall Average of each field Soil test averages per field in Field Early Summer Post Harvest 1 Phos-O (5 pts) ppm Phos-O (7 pts) ppm Phos-B1 (9 pts) ppm 29 29
40 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall Average of each field Soil test averages per field in Field Early Summer Post Harvest 1 Potassium ppm Potassium ppm Zinc ppm Zinc ppm
41 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall Average of each field Soil test averages per field in Field Early Summer Post Harvest 1 ph ph Organic Matter % Organic Matter %
42 Sample Date Comparison Spring vs Fall Summary: 1. No difference in soil test values when the 2 fields are combined together 2. Possible difference in P & K when the 2 fields are looked at separately 3. Next year to expand this project
43 Closing 2010 SCN Summary Soil Test Summary Online Soil Sample Submission System Agvisor Gold: Web based version
44 New Online Soil Sample Submission System Testing in Fall 2010 ( ~ 18,000 samples this fall) 1) Only 1 form instead of all the other ones Conventional, Grid/Zone, SCN 2) Input your own Growers and Fields (database) Correct SPELLING 3) Default Settings Crop Choice, Yield Goals, Guidelines, Previous Crop 4) Laser Jet printer ONLY No inkjet printers Print the bar-code reference number stickers 5) Sample data transmitted electronically to Agvise No paperwork goes to Agvise
45 Online Soil Sample Submission New Form
46 Thank You Have a Great New Year
47 North Dakota 2010 SCN Zip Samples Zero ,000 2,000-10,000 >10, % 28% 12% 9% 3% % % % 27%
48 South Dakota 2010 SCN by Submitters Zip Code Samples % Zero 25% eggs 18% 201-2,000 12% 2,001-10,000 0% >10,
49 2010 SCN by Submitters Zip Code Samples 33% Zero 24% eggs 27% 201-2,000 14% 2,001-10,000 2% >10,
50 2010 SCN by Submitters Zip Code Samples 60% Zero 40% eggs 0% 201-2,000 0% 2,001-10,000 0% >10,
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