THE PRE-EMINENT PRE-EMERGENT IN HORTICULTURE

Transcription

1 THE PRE-EMINENT PRE-EMERGENT IN HORTICULTURE

2 Dacthal is a concentrated wettable granule formulated by Nufarm in Australia. Registered for more than 20 horticultural crops, Dacthal s primary uses are in brassicas, onions and ornamental plants (including use on 114 different species of ornamentals). Dacthal is widely known for its proven effectiveness as a pre-emergent herbicide and offers control of more than 57 species of broad-leaved weeds and annual grasses. BENEFITS High degree of crop safety to direct seeded and transplanted crops. Broad spectrum, pre-emergence herbicidal activity. Flexible rate range for soil type and length of weed control required. A concentrated formulation containing 900 g/kg chlorthal dimethyl. Mixes readily with water, do not pre-mix in a bucket as a paste. Low dust formulation. Easy handling water dispersible granule. The registered rate of application is kg/ha, with the higher rate required on heavy soils and lower rates on lighter, sandy soils. Always refer to the product label for application details, including rate. Dacthal has been a key part of horticultural cropping programs for over 40 years, providing reliable control of a broad range of weeds. Packaged in a convenient, easy to store 2 kg carton, Dacthal will give you the opportunity to yield great rewards. Also available in a 20 kg bulk bag.

3 MODE OF ACTION Dacthal 900 WG does not prevent seed germination. Roots and shoots emerge from the seedcoat in the normal manner. On emergence, however, susceptible weed species are unable to develop any further and growth ceases. Dacthal is a member of the Benzoic acid group of herbicides and is classified as a Group D Herbicide. The product works by inhibiting cell division. Dacthal is moderately persistant, it is broken down in the soil primarily by microbial activity that is influenced by soil moisture and temperature. A plantback period of 8 months is required for crops not specified on the label. It should be noted that under drought conditions without irrigation, degradation is retarded. HOW TO ACHIEVE THE BEST RESULTS FROM THE USE OF DACTHAL 900 WG Soil Preparation Soil must be thoroughly prepared to a fine tilth, free of, or low in trash and moist at time of application. Seed or transplant within 24 hours of final ground preparation. Ideal Application Cultivate and seed or plant, and then apply Dacthal by boom spray and incorporate by watering on the same day. Do not apply Dacthal more than 3 days after final cultivation. If weeds have emerged, the crop should be weeded or cultivated and watered prior to application. DO NOT incorporate more than 2.5cm deep. Cultivation will reduce effectiveness and cultivation postapplication should be avoided for as long as possible. Under normal active conditions Dacthal controls weeds as per the label, but care should be taken where high levels of capeweed have been or are present, as control can vary. Rate The rate of Dacthal will depend on the soil type. The lower rates recommended should only be used on SOIL TYPE Light-sand or sandy loam Medium-silt loam Heavy-clay loam Heavy-silt loam RECOMMENDED RATE RANGE OF DACTHAL 900WG kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha lighter sandy soils and for shorter periods of weed control. For longer-term weed control and for application on heavier soils it is recommended to use the higher rate of Dacthal as shown on the label. Thorough coverage of soil is essential for good results. Dacthal s weed performance and longevity is affected by both rate and soil type and soil conditions. Care should be taken in selecting the appropriate rate for each situation, so as to maximise weed control, while minimising crop phytotoxicity. A mixing partner herbicide can offer a number of benefits when using Dacthal in many crops, dependent on weed spectrum. Mixing Dacthal 900 WG mixes readily with water. Fill the tank with clean water to 60 to 75% of the final volume and add the required quantity slowly to the spray vat with the tank filter mesh removed and the agitation running. Do not dump the product into the tank. Continue filling the tank to the final volume and wait until all of the product is fully dispersed before spraying. The agitation system should be running during addition of the product and throughout the entire spraying operation. If left to settle, stir and re-suspend any settled material before starting pump and spraying product. Avoid drawing accumulated particles into the outlet pipe. DO NOT pre-mix in a bucket as a paste. Use 450 litres or more of water per hectare. A tank mixture of Dacthal 900WG with Ramrod can also be used to broaden the weed spectrum and extend residual control. BEFORE USING, ALWAYS READ THE PRODUCT LABEL.

4 Pre-emergent herbicide control is important because it gives the crop the best start without weed competition. EFFECTIVE WEED CONTROL IN ASIAN BRASSICAS WITH DACTHAL 900 WG Darren Corrigan (left) and Karl Riedel Asian vegetables such as Chinese cabbage variously sold as bok choy, pak choi or baby bok choy are becoming increasingly popular locally and for export. More farmers are growing these vegetables either as a speciality crop or as an addition to their traditional activities. One such grower is Darren Corrigan and his family who have been operating their Cranbourne farm, south-east of Melbourne, for five generations. Apart from Asian brassicas, they grow a variety of other vegetables including celery, silverbeet, leeks, lettuce and salad onions. Weed control is critical in reliably achieving good quality vegetables. Mr Corrigan says he has had difficulty controlling stinging nettles, blackberry nightshade and groundsel in his vegetable crops in the past. Darren uses the services of Karl Riedel, a consultant with over 20 years experience in vegetable growing in the market garden areas south east of Melbourne. After trialling a number of different products and combinations of products, he recommended the preemergence herbicide, Dacthal 900 WG with good results. Dacthal 900 WG is a member of the benzoic acid group of herbicides (Group D) and works by inhibiting tubulin formation in roots and shoots. Mr Corrigan applies Dacthal at transplanting. The soil is thoroughly prepared to a fine even tilth, free of or low in trash and transplanting is begun within 24 hours of the final cultivation. Dacthal is sprayed directly over the transplants at a rate of 6 kg/ha. The herbicide must be sprayed before the weed seeds have germinated. It then controls weeds as they emerge from the soil, so that they do not compete with the crop for nutrition, water or sunlight. Dacthal requires moist soil (12 25 mm of water) to incorporate the product and start the seed germinating. Sprinkler irrigation is used immediately after spraying. Soil disturbance must be avoided and cultivation should be delayed for as long as possible after application. Karl Riedel recommends Dacthal because of its wide spectrum weed control and its high level of crop safety.

5 DIRECTIONS FOR USE CROP WEEDS CONTROLLED RATE/ HA WHP CRITICAL COMMENTS Cabbage, Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Cauliflower and Asian Brassicas Beans, Snap beans, Mung beans, Soybeans, Castor beans Annual sedge Apple-of-Peru Barnyard grass Black bindweed, Climbing buckwheat Blackberry nightshade Blue pimpernel Cyperus spp. Nicandra physalodes Echinochloa spp. Fallopia convolvulus Solanum nigrum Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea Tribulus terrestris Phalaris canariensis Physalis spp kg - Spray at time of seeding or transplanting. Use lower rates on lighter soils. Peas Caltop Canary grass Cape gooseberries Capeweed Arctotheca calendula - Spray at time of seeding. Use lower rates on lighter soils. Turnips, Radish, Chickweed Stellaria media - Collards, Kale, Columbus grass Sorghum almum Mustard greens, Corn spurry Spergula arvensis Turnips (greens Crowsfoot grass Eleusine indica and roots) and Crabgrass Digitaria sanguinalis other Brassica Crowfoot, Storksbill Erodium spp. leafy vegetables Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Deadnettle Lamium amplexicaule Lettuce (head and Docks Rumex spp. 6.25kg 4 Spray at time of transplanting. For maximum effectiveness use leafy varieties) Dodder Cuscuta spp. weeks on light to medium soils only. Some harder to kill species, eg. Fat-hen Chenopodium album wireweed, black bindweed, docks and milk/sow thistle may not Fescues Festuca spp. be controlled. Giant pigweed Trianthema Onions, Garlic portulacastrum kg - Spray at time of seeding or transplanting. Can be sprayed Green amaranth Amaranthus viridis directly over transplants. Lay-by applications can be made on Heliotrope Heliotropium onions up to 14 weeks after planting or transplanting. Should Innocent weed europaeum weeds emerge, weed or cultivate prior to spraying. Sand burr Cenchrus spp. Johnson grass Cenchras Tribuloides Shallots, Kidney weed Sorghum halepense - For seed sown crops, apply at or just prior to seeding. For Spring Onions Love grasses Dichondra repens transplants, appy before transplanting. DO NOT apply over the Mexican clover Eragrostis spp. top of transplants. Apply in at least 450L water/ha. Do not apply Mossman River Grass Richardia brasiliensis more than once per crop. Mouse-ear chickweed Cenchrus echinatus Potatoes Petty spurge Cerastium glomeratum Pheasants eye Euphorbia peplus - Spray at planting drag-off or lay-by. Sweet potatoes, Yams Pigeon grass Pigweed, Neverdie Prickly paddy melon Prince of Wales Adonis microcarpa Setaria spp. Portulaca oleracea Cucumis myriocarpus - Spray at transplanting. Lay-by application can be made up to 6 weeks after transplanting. Carrots Feather Amaranthus spp. Red Natal grass Rhynchelytrum repens kg - Spray at planting. Use lower rate on lighter soils. Redshank, Prince of Amaranthus cruentus Strawberries Wales Feather kg - Apply at transplanting. Use lower rate on lighter soils. (new plantings) Ribgrass, Plantago lanceolata Lamb s Tongue Strawberries (established plantings) Rolypoly, Buckbush Ryegrass Salvation Jane, Paterson s curse Salsola kali Lolium spp. Echium plantagineum - Apply in Autumn and early Spring. DO NOT apply after first bloom. Can be sprayed over plants without injury Cotton Scarlet pimpernel Anagallis arvensis kg - Apply at time of planting. Use higher rate for areas under Sow thistle, Milk thistle Sonchus oleraceus irrigation. Lay-by applications can be made at 6-11kg/ha but Spiny burr grass Cenchrus pauciflorus not after bolls open. Spiny emex, Emex australis Lucerne Doublegee, Threecornered Jack kg - Apply at seeding or early spring for established plantings before weeds germinate Stagger weed Stachys arvensis Perennial grasses Stinging nettle Urtica urens Summer grass Digitaria sanguinalis - Apply at seeding or early spring for established plantings Toadflax Kickxia spp. before weeds germinate. Urochloa or Urochloa panicoides Liverseed grass Lawns - Apply to lawns in autumn and early spring to prevent winter grass Ward s weed (established), Carrichtera annua and crab grass from germinating. DO NOT use on Bent grass Windmill grass, Ornamentals Chloris spp. lawns. Refer to the table of recommended ornamentals. DO NOT Rhodes grass use on Bugle, Button pink, Carnation, Celosia, Germander, Geum, Winter grass Poa annua Mesembryanthemum, Pansy, Phlox, Ranunculus, Sweet William or Wireweed Polygonum aviculare Telanthera. WITHHOLDING PERIOD: HARVEST - NOT REQUIRED WHEN USED AS DIRECTED GRAZING - DO NOT FEED TREATED FOLIAGE TO LIVESTOCK OR GRAZE TREATED AREAS.

6 Dacthal can be safely used in the following ornamental plants Abelia (Abelia) Euonymus (Euonymus) Mourning bride (Scabiosa) Ageratum (Ageratum) Evening primrose (Oenothera) Nasturtium (Tropaeolum) Alyssum (Alyssum, Lobularia) Feverfew (Chrysanthemum) Oak (Quercus) Andromeda - Japanese (Pieris) Fir (Abies) Orpine (Sedum) Arborvitae (Thuja) Forget-me-not (Myosotis) Pachysandra (Pachysandra) Ash (Franxinus) Forsythia (Forsythia) Peony (Paeonia) Aster (Aster) Four o clock (Mirabilis) Petunia (Petunia) Azalea (Azalea) Foxglove (Digitalis) Pine (Pinus) Baby s Breath (Gypsophila) Gaillardia (Gaillardia) Pittosporum (Pittosporum) Barberry (Berberis) Geraneum (Geranium) Podocarpus (Podocarpus) Bellflower (Campanula) Gladiolus (Gladiolus) Poplar (Populus) Birch (Betula) Golddust (Aucuba) Privet (Ligustrum) Bleedingheart (Dicentra) Hawthorn (Crataegus) Privet variegated (Ligustrum) Bloodleaf (Iresine) Heath, pink (Erica) Redbud (Cercis) Boxwood (Buxus) Helichrysum (Helichrysum) Red-hot poker (Kniphofia) Bugloss (Anchusa) Holly (Ilex) Rhododendron (Rhododendron) Camellia (Camellia) Honeysuckle (Lonicera) Rose (Rosa) Candytufts (Iberis) Honey locust (Gleditsia) Russian olive (Elaeagnus) Chestnut (Castanea) Hydrangea (Hydrangea) Sage scarlet (Salvia) Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum) Iris (Iris) Snapdragon (Antirrhinum) Cinquefoil (Potentilla) Ivy Baltic, English (Hedera) Spiderwort (Tradescantia) Coleus (Coleus) Juniper (Juniperus) Spirea (Spirea) Columbine (Aquilegia) Lantana (Lantana) Spruce (Picea) Coneflower purple (Echinacea) Larkspur candle (Delphinium) Stonecrop (Sedum) Coreopsis (Coreopsis) Lavender cotton (Santolina) Sunflower (Helianthus) Coral Bells (Heuchera) Lilac (Syringa) Sweet pea (Lathyrus) Cosmos (Cosmos) Lily (Lilium) Sycamore (Platanus) Cotoneaster (Cotoneaster) Liquidambar (Liquidambar) Tree peony (Paeonia) Cottonwood (Populus) Lupin (Lupinus) Tulip tree (Liriodendron) Crab apple (Pyrus) Magnolia (Magnolia) Viburnum (Viburnum) Cuphea (Cupphea) Maple (Acer) Violet African (Saintpaulia) Cypress (Cupressus, Taxodium) Marguerite golden (Chrysanthemum) Walnut (Juglans) Dahlia (Dahlia) Marigold (Calendula, Tagetes) Weigela (Diervilla) Delphinium (Delphinium) Mock orange (Philadelphus) Willow (Salix) Deutzia (Deutzia) Morning glory (Ipomoea) Wormwood (Artemisia) Dogwood (Cornus) Moss rose (Portulaca) Yarrow fernleaf (Achillea) Elaeagnus (Elaeagnus) Mother-of-Thyme (Thymus) Yew (Taxus) Elm (Ulmus) Mountain laurel (Kalmia) Zinnia (Zinnia) Do not use Dacthal on the following ornamental plants Bugle (Yellow, Blue) (Ajuga) Germander (Teucrium) Phlox (Phlox) Button pink (Dianthus) Geum (Geum) Ranunculus (Ranunculus) Carnation (Dianthus) Mesembryanthemum (Mesembryanthemum) Sweet William (Dianthus) Celosia (Cockscomb, Prince of Wales feather) (Celosia) Pansy (Viola) Telanthera (Telanthera or Alternanthera)

7 WEEDS CONTROLLED (Label Claim) Annual Grasses DACTHAL 900 WG Ramrod TriflurX Rife 440EC Striker Surflan Bouncer 960S * Barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp) Red natal grass (Rhynchelytrum repens) Canary grass (Phalaris spp) Crowsfoot grass (Eleusine indica) * Liverseed grass (Urochloa panicoides) * Love grass (Eragrostis spp) Pigeon grass (Setaria spp) * Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) * Spiny burr grass (Cenchrus spp.) Columbus grass (Sorghum almum) * Summer grass (Digitaria spp) Wild oats (Avena fatua) 7 7 partial * Winter grass (Poa annua) suppress Annual Broadleaf Weeds * Black bindweed (Polygonum convolvulus) *Blackberry nightshade (Solanum nigrum) suppress * Caltrop (Tribulus terrestris) * Capeweed (Arctotheca calendula) suppress Chickweed (Stellaria media) suppress * Deadnettle (Lamium amplexicaule) Docks (Rumux spp) * Fat hen (Chenopodium album) * Patterson s Curse/Salvation Jane (Echium plantagineum) Fumitory (Fumaria spp) suppress Giant pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) Green Amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) * Pigweed (Portulaca oleracea) suppress * Red shank (Amaranthus cruentus) * Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) suppress 3 3 suppress Stagger weed (Stachys arvensis) * Stinging nettle (Urtica urens) suppress * Wireweed (Polygonum aviculare) suppress CROPS DACTHAL 900 WG Ramrod TriflurX Rife 440EC Striker Surflan Bouncer 960S Asian Brassicas Beans Broccoli transplant transplant 7 transplant Brussels Sprouts transplant Cabbage 3 3 transplant transplant transplant 7 transplant Cauliflower transplant transplant 7 transplant Garlic Onions Peas Shallots, Spring Onions Mustards, Radish Ornamentals Lettuce transplant Parsley (Permit uses only) *Weeds applicable to vegetable crops Source: Labels and product brochures 01/11/05

8 For more information, visit nufarm.com.au The information and recommendations set out in this brochure are no substitute for professional or expert advice and are based on tests and data believed to be reliable at the time of publication. Results may vary, as the use and application of the products is beyond our control and may be subject to climatic, geographical or biological variables, and/or developed resistance. To the maximum extent permitted by law, Nufarm Australia Limited disclaims all warranties of any kind, whether express or implied, including but not limited to any warranty that the information is up-to-date, complete, true, legally compliant, accurate, non-misleading or suitable Nufarm Australia Ltd. All trade marks (, ) are owned by Nufarm Australia Ltd or used under license.