Living Walls Outdoor Plant List

Transcription

1 A list of recommended plants for use on outdoor living walls to assist designers and other specialists with plant choice. Abelia Chinensis Deciduous shrub Fragrant flowers produced in summer Can grow 100cm so must be kept pruned Sheltered position Generally pest & disease free Acorus Ogon Sedge normally found in a pond Easy to grow Easy to propagate by division Mainly pest & disease free Will grow in full sun or light shade Leaves will grow 30cm Agapanthus Dwarf varieties only/ grown to 45cm Evergreen foliage Flowers in summer snowflake is a good variety to use Ajuga Reptans Light shade Mat forming with a height of 15cm Flowering in early summer Semi-evergreen, foliage may look slightly tatty in winter 1

2 Allium Schoenoprasum Moist soil Flowers in Summer Treat for aphids in spring Frost tender Armeria Maritima Prefers full sun for flowers Evergreen, mat forming Well drained soil / dry Spreads 30cm Flowers can reach 20cm Will flower early summer Artemisia Dracunculus Deciduous, aromatic leaves (herb) Flowers in summer Moist soil Generally pest and disease free Asplenium Scolopendrium Grown for foliage Prefers light shade Prune to crown in spring Mainly pest & disease free Compost to be kept moist Aubrieta Argenteovariegata Moist soil but not over wet Mat forming evergreen perennial Flowers in spring Can get attacked by aphids, flea beetle & white blister 2

3 Aquilegia Herbaceous perennials Flowers during summer months Can grow +100cm so must be sheltered from wind Can be prone to aphids, leaf-mining flies, sawflies, powdery mildews and aquilegia downy mildew Azalea Can be deciduous or evergreen / light shade Flowers in spring Keep sheltered from wind Choose a smaller variety Bergenia varieties or partial shade Will flower in spring Regarded as fast growing Flowers can be scented Large leaves for different textures Bergenia are extremely susceptible to Vine Weevil attack They would be regarded as a high risk plant Buxus Simpervirens Prefers light shade Must be kept prune to keep in check Soil should always be slightly moist Box blight is a problem when air flow is restricted Campanula About 300 varieties Flowers June / July Moderate moisture Clump forming, spread of 0.5m Can be affected by mildew, rust, slugs 3

4 Carex Oshimensis Evergold or partial shade It s a sedge so prefers moist soil Leaves are green with a central yellow strip Regarded as a slow grower Generally pest & disease free Carex Panicea Grass like sedge Pale blue-green semi-evergreen foliage Brown flower spikes are produced in summer Clump forming 30cm tall x 20cm spread Remove old foliage to keep looking fresh NATIVE TO THE UK Cerastium Tomentosum Mat-forming deciduous perennial Dry / medium soil Flowers in spring / summer Generally pest & disease free Chamaemelum Nobile / light shade Fragrant but Deciduous foliage (herb) Can spread up to 500cm and is mat forming Flowers in the summer Prune regularly to keep compact Generally pest & disease free Convolvulus Cneorum Small evergreen shrub Grows 60cm high Silvery foliage Flowers late spring / early summer 4

5 Cotoneaster Horizontalis or light shade Produces flowers in summer and berries in autumn Excellent for wildlife Must be kept pruned as can grow up to 180cm Cyrtomium Falcatum Light / medium shade Grows 60cm Glossy leaves Generally pest & disease free Prune back old leaves to crown as new emerge Dianthus Prefers full sun Can suffer from stem rot if compost is too wet Flowers late spring or early summer Blue-grey foliage, mound forming with erect leaves Foliage must be pruned to avoid overshadowing, can spread up to 500cm Delasperma Ice plant Mat forming evergreen succulent Requires very good drainage 10cm tall x 60cm spread Flowers late spring summer Foliage turns bronze in winter Digitalis Purpurea Short-lived perennial / Deciduous Can grow +100cm so must be sheltered from wind Flowers in June Prone to aphids & mildew Highly toxic if eaten 5

6 Echinops Herbaceous perennials Can grow 100cm so must be sheltered from wind Flowers during July / August Prone to attack from aphids Epimedium Grandiflorum Light shade Clump forming, deciduous perennial grows 30cm Prune hard early spring to promote flowers Moist soil but not over wet Prone to Vine Weevil, high risk plant Erica Carnea Grown for foliage and flowers Numerous varieties for winter, spring, summer flowers Keep pruned to keep foliage compact Prefers moist soil They can be susceptible to various fungal attacks in warm wet weather Erigeron Glaucus Albus Evergreen foliage Tough, costal, drought tolerant plant Dry / normal moisture Daisy like flowers all summer Height 20cm Spread 25cm Erigeron Karvinskianus Sea of Blossoms, moist soil Will flower from April - November Flowers two tones, from white too pink Trailing 30cm Cut back hard in spring 6

7 Erysimum Bowles Mauve Prefers full sun and dry(ish) soil Can grow 75cm Must be pruned correctly before plant become woody Will bloom several times per year if deadheaded An easy plant to maintain Escallonia Evergreen shrub Ideal for coastal areas Use compact variety / keep pruned Flowers during summer Could get brown scale (pest) Escallonia leaf spot (disease) Euonymus Fortune varieties Bright evergreen shrub Slow growing Can grow 60cm but must be kept pruned Vine Weevil are attracted to the scent to the foliage Euphorbia varieties Grown in either full sun or shade Produces non fragrant flowers The sap is milky and can irate the skin if not washed off Can be prone to mildew An easy plant to maintain Ferns Prefers light shade Easy to grow Prune back to the crown in spring Prefers moist soil Generally pest & disease free but may have to treat for thrips 7

8 Fragaria Strawberry Moist soil Produces white flowers Will attract birds Remove runners to increase yield Semi-evergreen Fuchsia Riccartonii Deciduous shrub Prefers full sun / light shade Damp soil but not over wet Flowers in June - July Lightly prune as not to overshadow lower plants Can be prone to vine weevil and rust Geraniums varieties Easy to grow / propagate Summer flowering Need to be kept pruned back as they will over shadow other plants Can be prone to aphids Geum Rivale Deciduous Flowers spring & summer 30cm tall x 30cm spread Prone to leaf miners, sawflies and powdery mildew Haberlea Rhodopensis / light shade, sheltered site Clump forming evergreen perennial Flowers late spring / early summer Prone to slugs & snails Grows 15cm long / high 8

9 Hebe Pinguifolia Pagei Small evergreen shrub Flowers in summer / autumn Silvery foliage Grows about 30cm high Mat forming Hedra varieties Very easy to grow Will grow almost in any environment Easy to prune / propagate They can be affected by aphids and spider mite Prefers moist soil Helianthemum Wisley Dry / medium soil Mat-forming, evergreen Flowers late spring, summer Generally pest & disease free Helleborus varieties Prefers shade Well drained soil Spring flowering Will grow 45cm Treat for aphids in spring Heuchera Grown for foliage Probably the best plant for colours Can be positioned in full sun or shade Prune back the leader stem in spring Heuchera are extremely susceptible to Vine Weevil attack They would be regarded as a high risk plant 9

10 Hosta Grown for foliage Herbaceous perennial, only plant in matrix Prefers moist soil and light shade Can grow between 5cm - 90cm, depend on species Remove dead foliage in autumn Houttuynia Cordata Chameleon Deciduous foliage / light shade 30cm tall x 30cm spread Strong fragrance from foliage Flowers in summer Fast grower Generally pest and disease free Hyacinthoides Non-scripta Light shade but can take full sun Herbaceous perennial, only plant in matrix Late spring flowering Grows 40cm Toxic if eaten Adds seasonal interest Hydrangea Deciduous shrub Shelter from strong winds Flowers in summer Use a smaller variety, less than 100cm tall and selectively prune May be attacked by vine weevil, aphids Hyssopus Officinalis Hyssopus can be herbaceous perennials or evergreen shrubs or light shade Flowers in summer / autumn Moist soil but not over wet Generally disease free but can be prone to Leafhoppers 10

11 Iberis Sempervirens Evergreen perennial 30cm tall x 30cm spread Flowers spring & summer Prone to snails, slugs & caterpillars Iris Prefers full sun, sheltered location Mainly perennial, some can be evergreen Produces flower in the summer Can grow 750cm but dwarf species only for living walls Moist / wet soil Juncus Inflexus Evergreen rush Blue-green foliage 40cm tall x 30cm spread Clump forming Flowers during the summer Remove old foliage Lamium Maculatum Deciduous Mat forming, can spread 50cm Height 20cm Partial / full shade Moist soil but no over wet Generally grown for foliage Flowers in June / July Generally pest and disease free Lavender Best in full sun Soil to be slightly dry Excellent for flowers and scent Easy to maintain but can become woody 11

12 Liriope Muscari Produces flowers 30cm long in autumn followed by black berries Generally pest & disease free Prefers shade Compost to be kept moist Lithodora Diffusa Mat-forming evergreen shrub Flowers late spring / summer Dry / medium soil, wet soil will damage plant Generally pest & disease free Prune to promote dense growing habit Lonicera Pileata A dwarf evergreen shrub / light shade Cream flowers in late spring followed by purple berries Moist well-draining soil Lupinus Herbaceous perennials Can grow 100cm so must be sheltered from wind Flowers during May / June Prone to attack from aphids, slugs & mildew Luzula Nivea Excellent grass to use Produces white flowers, early summer Pest & disease free Prefers full or partial shade Generally not a problem if over wet 12

13 Luzula Sylvatica Produces small brown flowers, which are generally removed Pest & disease free Prefers shade However the plant will rot at base if too wet Mahonia Aquifolium Evergreen shrub Light shade / full shade Can reach 100cm tall so must be kept pruned Spring flowering, summer fruits Prone to mildew and rust Mentha Spicata / light shade Moist soil but not over wet Produces flowers in summer Scented spearmint foliage (herb) Dies back over winter Nandina Domestica Evergreen shrub Sheltered position Can grow 100cm so must be kept pruned Flowers in the summer Produces berries in the autumn Omphalodes Verna Light shade Mat-forming perennial and must be pruned to keep in check Grows 20cm high Produces white and blue flowers in spring Moist but not over wet 13

14 Origanum Vulgare / light shade May be herbaceous perennials or deciduous or evergreen sub-shrubs Aromatic foliage (herb) Flowers in summer / autumn Can be prone to leafhoppers Pachysandra Terminalis Prefers shade Mat forming perennial Produces small white flowers early summer Generally pest & disease free Normally pruned to 15cm Perovskia Atriplicifolia Herbaceous perennial Full Sun Compost normal - dry moisture Flowers from July - October Must be kept pruned as foliage will become too heavy Good for controlling pollution The leaves are fragrant when crushed Petrorhagia Saxifraga Evergreen 20cm tall x 30cm spread Carpet growth Flowers all summer, if deadheaded Alpine plant, needs good drainage Generally pest and disease free Phlox Subulata Full sun Mat-forming, evergreen Dry / medium soil Summer flowering Powdery mildews and a leaf spot may be a problem 14

15 Pratia Pedunculata Prefers light / dark shade Moist but not over wet Mat forming and will spread 150cm Flowers all summer to a height of 2cm Evergreen carpet Primula varieties Herbaceous perennial, only plant in matrix / light shade Spring / early summer flowering (for most species) Some species grow up to 60cm Native to UK Primula Vialii Herbaceous perennials Clump forming / light shade 30cm tall x 30cm spread required Flowers in June May get attacked by vine weevil, aphids, slugs or spider mites Generally disease free Prunella Vulgaris Semi-evergreen perennial Mat forming, creeping 30cm, light shade Height 50cm Purple flowers in summer Generally pest and disease free Rosmarinus officinalis Evergreen shrub with narrow, aromatic leaves (herb) Produces blue flowers from spring to summer Likes full sun Moist but not over wet, suitable for upper parts of the wall 15

16 Rhododendron Evergreen shrub Use dwarf alpine variety / light shade 30cm tall x 30cm spread Flowers late spring / early summer Keep pruned to control growth Salvia Officinalis / light shade Evergreen with aromatic foliage (herb) Moist soil but not over wet Can be prone to leaf hopper and powdery mildew Must be kept pruned to keep in check Sarcococca Grown for foliage Prefers shade Scented flowers in spring followed by black berries if temp is sufficient Generally pest & disease free Satureja Montana Deciduous, aromatic leaves (herb) Flowers in the summer Moist soil but not over wet Generally pest and disease free Prune to keep bushiness Saxifraga x Urbium Light shade / shade Do not over water Evergreen perennial Mat-forming and grows 30cm high Produces flowers early summer Weeds can be difficult to remove between foliage, especially high up on a wall. 16

17 Scirpus Cernuus Evergreen sedge / light shade 30cm tall x 30am spread Clump forming Produces cream coloured flowers on tips Remove old brown foliage from base of the plant to keep looking fresh Sedum Acre Evergreen perennial Dry / medium soil Flowers late summer Sap can be an irritant to skin to some but also can be eaten and is regarded as a herb Sedum Album Coral Carpet / light shade Dry / medium soil Early summer flower Foliage - green / red Can spread 60cm Sedum Ewersii / light shade Dry / medium soil Deciduous, tufted or mound growing Flowers in late summer Weeds can be an issue Sedum Sempervivum / light shade Dry / medium soil Mat-forming evergreen Flowers in summer Vine weevil can be an issue 17

18 Seslaria Caerulea / light shade Moist soil Tuft forming evergreen grass Blue-green in colour Small egg shaped purplish flowers in spring Silene Schafta / Lights shade Mat-forming, semi-evergreen perennial Produces pinkish flowers in summer and autumn Moist but not wet soil Mildew can become a problem in enclosed areas Silene Uniflora Semi evergreen perennial Grey-green foliage White flowers in summer Mat forming, 30 cm spread Height 10cm Suitable for costal regions, exposed areas required Soleirolia Soleirolii Prefers shade over full sun Moist soil Can spread almost indefinitely to produce a carpet effect Must be kept in check or it will over shadow other plants It can be seriously affected by frost Tellima Grandiflora Prefers light shade Moist soil Semi-evergreen hardy perennial Can grow 60cm high and 30cm spread Produces white flower in the summer which will turn pink 18

19 Thymus Vulgaris Moist but not over wet Evergreen perennial, aromatic leaves (herb) Must be kept pruned as it can spread 500cm Produces flowers in early summer Tiarella varieties Shade loving and will flower vigorously in shade Mainly grown for foliage Drought tolerant Grows 30cm Tiarella s are extremely susceptible to Vine Weevil attack They would be regarded as a high risk plant Uncinia Rubra or light shade Moist soil but not over wet Can grow 30cm long Evergreen Generally pest and disease free Remove old foliage and flowering stems in spring Veronica Umbrosa Georgia Blue or light shade Moist free draining soil Generally trouble free but may have to treat against aphids Can grow 90cm but needs to be pruned hard to prevent it becoming leggy Best grown in a matrix rather than a specimen plant Viburnum Tinus Evergreen shrub Sheltered position Must be kept pruned as could grow 3m Flowers in spring Berries in autumn Prone to aphids, viburnum beetle & whitefly 19

20 Vinca Minor Trailing plant, 70cm long Produces small star shaped flowers or light shade Excellent for under planting Must be pruned hard to prevent plant from becoming leggy 20