Introduction to Permaculture. Martin Gustafsson Christopher Wegweiser UAG 2014 June 17

Transcription

1 Introduction to Permaculture Martin Gustafsson Christopher Wegweiser UAG 2014 June 17

2 Bill Mollison & David Holmgren

3 The givens Climate change Unsure economic future Resource management Social inequalities Agricultural unsustainability

4 Permaculture Creating synergies with local ecology Consumer > producer cultures Permaculture a practical tool for constructing resilient systems Constantly evolving

5 Permaculture is the use of ecology as the basis for designing integrated systems of food production, housing appropriate technology and community development. It offers a practical, creative approach to the problems of diminishing resources and threatened life support systems now facing the world Simon Henderson

6 "Permaculture is meeting human needs, while improving ecosystem health - Rafter Ferguson

7 Permaculture Ethics Earth Care People Care Fair Share/Equal Distribution of Surplus

8 Design Process

9 (Some) Permaculture Design Principles Observe Connect Each element performs multiple functions Each important function is supported by many elements Catch and store energy and materials Use small-scale intensive systems Efficient energy planning Use biological and renewable resources/diversity The problem is the solution

10 Observe

11 Observation/Site Analysis Flows of energy sun rain wind noise potential fire people materials etc as they enter and move through the site

12 Further Aspects of Observation/Analysis Legislation People and Community Physical resources Energy Capital Waste disposal and recycling Economic Resources Vegetation and Wildlife Aesthetics, foul or pleasant smells, sightlines

13 Connect Create synergies Increase number of beneficial connections stability Match output & input of different elements No waste.

14 Each element performs many functions

15 Willow - Salix Wind shield Fodder crop Riparian buffer Weaving, fencing and building Energy Root activation Indolebutyric acid Phytoremediation Wastewater management Medicinal - Salicylic acid

16 deepgreenpermaculture.com

17 Comfrey - Symphytum uplandicum Fertilization N, P, K, calcium, magnesium, other minerals Compost starter Chop and drop Medicinal Pollination

18 Good King Henry Chenopodium bonus-henricus Perennial spinach Edible seeds Deep taproots Ground cover

19 Sea buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides Nitrogen fixer Healthy berries Vitamins A, C & E, carotenoids, essential fatty acids, etc. Medicinal Oil used for ointments, cosmetic products Edible hedge Dyes

20 Bill Mollison Introduction to Permaculture (1991)

21 Apple tree niche analysis

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23 Greenhouses Season (and possibilities) extention Propogation and seed harvest Social area Animal shelter Wind protection Water harvesting

24 Physical Structures Rainwater harvesting Storage spaces Heat retention Indoor functions

25 Each important function is supported by many elements Identification - which functions in the design are critical (e.g. water, food, energy, fire protection) Analysis No single point of failure = redundancy + resilience

26 Irrigation Rainwater collection Greywater Municipal source Well Ponds Swales Mulching

27 Food Balconies, allotments & working on farms Foraging & dumpster diving CSAs & coops; Bees and animals Preservation

28 Fertilization Worm leachate Compost teas Manure Cover crops Mulch Urine

29 Catch and store energy and materials Efficient use of available resources Identify, collect and hold useful flows. Nutrients, materials, sun, wind, water, knowledge, money Catch, store and use at highest possible potential

30 Small-scale intensive systems Small steps make small mistakes Start small, from nucleus and build on success Systems should be designed to perform functions at the smallest scale that is practical and energy efficient for that function

31 Efficient energy planning Sector analysis Zone planning Slope

32 Sector Analysis Flows of sun, light, rain, water flow, wind, noise and potential fire as they enter and move through the site

33 makingsenseofthings.info

34 Zone planning bayfm.com.au

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36 Zone planning

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38 Slope Site in profile Downhill flow of resources/energy Patrick Whitefield: Earth Care Manual (2004)

39 Using slope raised vegetable beds on contour geofflawton.com

40 Use biological and renewable resources/diversity Biological resources build up over time, assist yield and interact with other elements. Diversity healthy, productive and sustainable ecosystem.

41 The problem is the solution Turn constraints into opportunities Mistakes are tools for learning Identify areas for change

42 Design Process

43 Vision statement A vision is something one strives to achieve. It is often expressed as a future state one wishes to realize.

44 Vision statement Ulleråker is the hub for Transition Uppsala where food is grown and cooked together, soil and community are built

45 Goals S Specific M Measurable A Acceptable R Realistic T Time-bound