Permaculture. Intro to. Permaculture. by Mark Murphy. contact:

Transcription

1 Permaculture Intro to Permaculture by Mark Murphy contact:

2

3 The philosophy behind permaculture is one of working with, rather than against, nature; of protracted and thoughtful observation rather than protracted and thoughtless action; of looking at systems in all their functions, rather than asking only one yield of them; and of allowing systems to demonstrate their own evolution. - Bill Mollison

4

5 Windbreak Shade Hammock time Water Privacy Food Biodiversity Wildlife Habitat

6 The philosophy behind permaculture is one of working with, rather than against, nature; of protracted and thoughtful observation rather than protracted and thoughtless action; of looking at systems in all their functions, rather than asking only one yield of them; and of allowing systems to demonstrate their own evolution. - Bill Mollison

7 what is Permaculture? Forest comparison: Productive Self-sustaining Self-replicating Bio-diverse Water trap Microbial harbor Water quality Habitat Carbon sequestration Air Quality & Climate regulation Image source: countryliving.com

8 what is Permaculture? Permanent + Agriculture = Permaculture Design System developed by Bill Mollison and David Holmgren ethics Permanent + Culture = Permaculture harmony with nature integration of landscape and people Sustainable Food Energy Shelter Material needs Non-material needs Regenerative Soils, clean water, healthy food, building materials, and natural biodiversity. Gains in energy, materials or benefit

9 what is Permaculture? Permanent + Agriculture = Permaculture Design System developed by Bill Mollison and ethics Permanent + Culture = Permaculture The harmony greatest with nature change we need to make integration is from of landscape consumption and people to Sustainable production, Food even if only on a small scale Energy in our own gardens. - Bill Shelter Mollison Material needs Non-material needs Regenerative Soils, clean water, healthy food, building materials, and natural biodiversity. Gains in energy, materials or benefit

10 Design - Roots Study of Nature / Observation water flow wind impact soil system fire impact native flora weather and climate norms and extremes human patterns current and indigenous peoples Site Analysis map forces and flows thorough analysis = obvious design

11 Homestead design Image source: druidgarden.wordpress.com

12 Permaculture site map Map highlights: house and structures Permaculture zones prevailing wind & winter storm winds gardens (vegetable, perennial herb, butterfly & mushroom) bee hives & chickens pond & marsh forests & fruit trees fire circle and sacred circle noise & pollution entry Image source: druidgarden.wordpress.com

13 Permaculture site map Map highlights: house and structures Permaculture zones prevailing wind & winter storm winds gardens (vegetable, perennial herb, butterfly & mushroom) bee hives & chickens pond & marsh forests & fruit trees fire circle and sacred circle noise & pollution entry Image source: druidgarden.wordpress.com

14 Design - Trunk Design guided by Permaculture principles and methods Systems arrangement focused on specific climate types Interconnection of systems: water roads buildings trees gardens fences etc Ethics and Principles

15 Design Branches and Growth Implementation, building the system Feedback 7 Branches: built environment tools and technology culture and education health and spiritual well-being finance and economics land tenure and community land and nature stewardship

16 Permaculture Flower Image source: permacultureproductions.com

17 Land Design Decision Making Matrix Topography water movement through the landscape foundation for overall design abundance and potential multiple use and recycling soil formation and distribution Sectors incoming forces: sun, wind, storms, frost, wildfire, noise, pollution, etc design response to incoming forces Zones human movement through the site placement relative to human centers

18 Ethics Earth Care protect or rebuild natural systems Earth is a living, interconnected ecology Life (including humans) depends on air, water, soils, forests, biodiversity People Care positive designs for people create stability for land stewardship robust community empowers good decisions Fair Share limiting consumption surplus for Earth Care and People Care poverty s relation to land degradation and pollution

19 maximize Regenerative Investments Degenerative Investment loses value over time Image source: lwrlifemagazine.com

20 maximize Regenerative Investments Degenerative Investment loses value over time Generative Investment returns value in accordance with input and effort, and requires repetition

21 maximize Regenerative Investments Degenerative Investment loses value over time Generative Investment returns value in accordance with input and effort, and requires repetition Regenerative Investment has the potential to improve over time and provide repeating and increasing return; and may provide many secondary benefits Image source: ryylxjw.com

22 Trees and the watershed Trees are more than 50% water Forests can place a lake of water on a hillside or mountain Forest acts like a giant sponge, absorbing water and regulating flow into the watershed Deforestation speeds the flow of water through the watershed. One year of flow may become days, or hours. Runoff = reduced absorption declining water table dry springs and creeks vegetation die-off and desertification soil & nutrient loss water pollution

23 Man-made Watershed Image source: City of Calgary

24 Man-made Watershed The storm drainage system is a network of drains, pipes and ponds designed to channel storm water directly to our rivers. Everything residents wash down the storm drains ends up in our rivers. Prohibited material It is an offence to allow any prohibited material into the Storm Drainage System. Examples of prohibited materials include: soil, waste, animal waste, fecal matter, cooking oils, greases, gasoline, motor oil, transmission fluids, solvents, paint, cement, sawdust, yard waste, pesticides, biomedical waste, hazardous waste, soaps, odorous materials, detergents and water from hot tubs. City of Calgary

25 Top down Watershed Restoration Begin slowing water at the top of the landscape or watershed Top down water restoration slows the flow at each stage, rehydrating the landscape Structure sizes or control measures are greatly reduced with top down design

26 Water slowed and collected at each step. Image source: museumofthecity.org

27 Image source: WH14 OGM South America

28 Residential or commercial terrace landscape. Image source: theraincatcherinc.com

29 Image source: equinepermaculture.com Earthen swale and vegetation.

30 Image source: equinepermaculture.com Permaculture Guild: a grouping of trees, plants and other components that work together for improved health and productivity

31 Apple Tree Guild example Bulbs Apple Tree Nitrogen Fixers & Ground Cover Insectary Plants Nutrient Miners Mulch Producers Goals: Improve soil structure and fertility Encourage beneficial insects for pollination and pest control Reduce root competition Create mulch Diversify food production Use nature to improve the tree and ecosystem without human intervention Spread workflow through permaculture chunking graphic adapted from Gaia s Garden, Toby Hemenway

32 Zones Permaculture Zones reflect how people move through the site Zones define methods of building, maintenance, interaction, and movement through the site It is human nature to give more attention to things we see more frequently

33 Permaculture Zones Image source: jandjacres.net Zone 0 home Zone 2 self-reliance Zone 3 farm zone Zone 4 forage zone Zone 5 wilderness Zone 1 daily care

34 Resources: books Permaculture, A Designer s Manual - Bill Mollison Permaculture, Principles & Pathways Beyond Sustainability - David Holmgren Gaia s Garden, A Guide to Home-scale Permaculture - Toby Hemenway

35 a sampling of Extension Resources Permaculture, Richard Lee, Rutherford County Farmers Market education series video Permaculture, Utah State University (6 page overview) extension.usu.edu/files/publications/publication/ Sustainability_ pr.pdf An Introduction to Sustainable Farming, Oregon State University default/files/sustainable_farming.pdf Intro to Permaculture, free online course, Oregon State University Plant Guilds ebooklet by Midwest Permaculture

36 Intermission

37 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact seasons climate norms and extremes nature, natural systems & patterns connection, extension or mitigation

38 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy renewable capture and utilization sun: plant guilds, cover crops water: height heat: coldframe, greenhouse cooling: root cellar, basement fuel: trees never waste energy consider true costs of energy infrastructure upgrades, retrofits and passive design

39 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield design for self-reliance produce an agricultural yield yields provide encouragement and positive feedback loops seek multiple yields from each element

40 it takes a Village Distant Lands Modern Agriculture Local Land Distant Lands Village Agriculture Local Land

41 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield design for self-reliance produce an agricultural yield yields provide encouragement and positive feedback loops seek multiple yields from each element

42 Potential Yields: human food wild bird feed / chicken feed pollinators biomass (compost or mulch) soil organic matter vegetable oil shade for heat-sensitive crops beauty and more

43 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback understand positive and negative feedback design self-regulating systems to reduce repeated tasks, maintenance or corrective work

44 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback Principle 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources We live as a result of the ability of the living world to regenerate. - J. Glanzberg renewables help limit consumption

45 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback Principle 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources Principle 6 Produce no Waste make waste a valuable and useful input, instead of a system output reduce, reuse, recycle compost organics

46 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback Principle 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources Principle 6 Produce no Waste Principle 7 Design from Patterns to Details observe patterns in nature and society; use those patterns as the framework or foundation of your design; then fill in the details thoughtful design eliminates fatal flaw errors

47 Image source: nachi.org

48 Image source: nachi.org

49 Image source: nachi.org

50

51 Proper house orientation for passive design attributes: passive solar heating potential in winter minimal sun exposure for a cooler house during summer Rotating the house 90 degrees would create a fatal design flaw, due to limited sun capture in winter and increased sun exposure in summer Image source: nachi.org

52 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle recognize 2 complex Catch and connections Store Energy in nature Principle and make 3 beneficial Obtain a Yield use of interactions Principle look for 4 multiple Apply functions Self-Regulation from each and Accept Feedback Principle design element 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources Principle 6 Produce no Waste Principle 7 Design from Patterns to Details Principle 8 Integrate rather than Segregate

53 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield small systems are easier to maintain Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback than big ones Principle 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources seek solutions through observation Principle 6 Produce no Waste and local knowledge Principle 7 Design from Patterns to Details Principle 8 Integrate rather than Segregate Principle 9 Use Small and Slow Solutions

54 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield diversity fosters resilience Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback monoculture is vulnerable to unexpected Principle 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources change or weather variables Principle 6 Produce no Waste seek an understanding of biological Principle 7 Design from Patterns to Details and cultural diversity Principle 8 Integrate rather than Segregate Principle 9 Use Small and Slow Solutions Principle 10 Use and Value Diversity

55 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback Principle a point where 5 Use two and systems Value Renewable meet is Resources Principle often a place 6 Produce of stability no Waste and productivity Principle look for 7 ways Design to harness from Patterns the diversity to Details Principle and productivity 8 Integrate of margins rather than Segregate Principle 9 Use Small and Slow Solutions Principle 10 Use and Value Diversity Principle 11 Use Edges and Value the Marginal

56 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback Principle 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources Principle change 6 is inevitable; Produce no look Waste for positive Principle intervention 7 Design or interaction from Patterns with change to Details Principle seek to 8 work Integrate with the rather than Segregate Principle self-determination 9 Use Small of the and land Slow Solutions Principle 10 Use and Value Diversity Principle 11 Use Edges and Value the Marginal Principle 12 Creatively Use and Respond to Change

57 Principles Principle 1 Observe and Interact Principle 2 Catch and Store Energy Principle 3 Obtain a Yield Principle 4 Apply Self-Regulation and Accept Feedback Principle 5 Use and Value Renewable Resources Principle 6 Produce no Waste Principle 7 Design from Patterns to Details Principle 8 Integrate rather than Segregate Principle 9 Use Small and Slow Solutions Principle 10 Use and Value Diversity Principle 11 Use Edges and Value the Marginal Principle 12 Creatively Use and Respond to Change

58 Principles & Ethics Image source: lovelygreens.com

59 Permaculture Flower Image source: permacultureproductions.com

60 Urban design Image source: druidgarden.wordpress.com

61 Hugelkultur Currant, Gooseberry, Blackberry multi-graft Apple multi-graft Pear Zen Rock Garden Veg & Herbs Rain Garden Hardy Kiwi Perennials Urban design Image source: druidgarden.wordpress.com

62 Balcony design

63 Balcony design

64

65 Rooftop design Image source: permacultureinstitutethailand.org

66 Suburban design Image source: 1s211summit.com

67 Suburban design Rain Gardens Native Meadow Veg & Herbs Solar Groundcover Salad Garden Rain Barrels Greywater Wildlife areas Image source: 1s211summit.com

68 Public spaces

69 Multi-unit design

70 Multi-unit design Image source: permaculturenews.org

71 Farm Grazing design Image source: permaculturenews.org

72 Eco-village design Image source: ecopolis.com.au

73 Eco-village design Wilderness & Swales Storage& Recycling Community Center Fruit & Nut Orchard Vegetable & Horticulture Water Reservoirs Southern Exposure Image source: ecopolis.com.au

74 Healing Retreat Image source: shadesofgreenpermaculture.com

75 Homestead design Image source: druidgarden.wordpress.com

76 Image source: druidgarden.wordpress.com

77 The philosophy behind permaculture is one of working with, rather than against, nature; of protracted and thoughtful observation rather than protracted and thoughtless action; of looking at systems in all their functions, rather than asking only one yield of them; and of allowing systems to demonstrate their own evolution. - Bill Mollison Intro to Permaculture Mark Murphy contact: mark.tnmg@gmail.com