African Utility Week Leak Detection and Repair in the ethekwini Municipality EWS NRW Branch
Leak Detection and Repair Progress 1. Review of Programme 2. Review of Real Loss Reduction Approach 3. Targets, Monitoring and Evaluation 4. Leak Detection and Repair Progress Report 5. Impact and Results 6. Challenges 7. Lessons Learned 8. Further Research 9. Communication/Publicity EWS NRW Branch 2
Review of NRW Reduction Programme Monitoring & Evaluation Preparation & prioritisation System maintenance Real loss reduction Apparent loss reduction Infrastructure Assessment & Upgrade Meeting & sustaining NRW target levels Quality Assurance Financial Management Programme Management EWS NRW Branch 3
Review of NRW Reduction Programme ethekwini Water and Sanitation Monthly Volumes and Connections May 2004 to July 2010 32000000 600000 30000000 550000 Monthly Volumes (kl) 28000000 26000000 24000000 22000000 20000000 18000000 16000000 500000 450000 400000 350000 300000 250000 Number of Connections 14000000 200000 12000000 May-04 Nov-04 May-05 Nov-05 May-06 Nov-06 May-07 Nov-07 May-08 Nov-08 May-09 Nov-09 May-10 150000 Total SIV - Monthly ethekwini Water Sales Total number of connections EWS NRW Branch 12 per. Mov. Avg. (Total SIV - Monthly) 12 per. Mov. Avg. (ethekwini Water Sales) 4
Review of NRW Reduction Programme 2006/07 - NRW 30,6%; budget R17,1m 2007/08 - NRW 36,4%; budget R24,2m 2008/09 - NRW 38,9%; budget R37,3m 2009/10 - NRW 37,6%; budget R65,0m 2010/11 - NRW Target 35%; budget R75,0m EWS NRW Branch 5
Review of NRW Reduction Programme ethekwini Municipality Water Purchase, Sales and Connection Trends 1000000 450000 900000 800000 789979 806739 832186 876970 908665 912554 442721 440000 Average Daily Volumes (kl/day) 700000 600000 500000 400000 300000 561292 550133 553442 558178 554930 398331 410455 420044 431856 570609 430000 420000 410000 400000 Number of Registered Connections 390000 200000 100000 381254 380000 0 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 370000 Average SIV (kl/day) Average Water Sales (kl/day) Total Number of Connections in Municipality EWS NRW Branch 6
Review of NRW Reduction Programme 45.0% ethekwini Municipality Non-Revenue Water and Inefficiency of Use Trends 40.0% 36.4% 38.9% 37.5% 35.0% 31.8% 33.4% Non-Revenue Water by Volume (%) 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 29.0% 19.1% 19.0% 19.2% 22.1% 24.9% 25.8% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 EWS NRW Branch 7 Fi46 NRW by Volume (%) WR1 Inefficiency of Use (%)
Review of NRW Reduction Programme 9.4 ethekwini Municipality Infrastructure Leakage Index Trends 9.3 9.2 9 8.9 Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) 8.8 8.6 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.8 8.4 8.2 8 7.8 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 Op29 Infrastructure Leakage Index EWS NRW Branch 8
Review of NRW Reduction Programme ethekwini Municipality Total Water Losses per Connection Trends 900 800 734 794 753 700 657 655 Non-Revenue Water by Volume (%) 600 500 400 300 608 200 100 0 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 EWS NRW Branch 9 Op23 Total Water Losses per Connection (l/conn/day)
Review of Real Loss Reduction Approach 5 different levels of leak detection: Level 1 visual Level 2 listening + correlating suspected leaks Level 3 correlation Level 4 leak noise loggers Level 5 trunk mains All of these carried out by leak detection contractor New addition use of Category B plumbers; and step testing EWS NRW Branch 10
Review of Real Loss Reduction Approach Why leak detection and repair? EWS NRW Branch 11
Level 1 Leak Detection
Level 2 Leak Detection
Level 3 Leak Detection
Level 4 Leak Detection
Level 5 Leak Detection
Targets, Monitoring & Evaluation Indicator Financial Year 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 Total Number of Connections in Municipality 381254 398331 410455 420044 431856 442721 Fi46 NRW by Volume (%) 29.0% 31.8% 33.4% 36.4% 38.9% 37.5% WR1 Inefficiency of Use (%) 19.1% 19.0% 19.2% 22.1% 24.9% 25.8% Op29 Infrastructure Leakage Index 8.4 8.4 8.9 9.3 8.8 8.4 Op23 Total Water Losses per Connection (l/conn/day) 608 657 655 734 794 753 Average SIV (kl/day) 789979 806739 832186 876970 908665 912554 Average Water Sales (kl/day) 561292 550133 553442 558178 554930 570609 Real Loss Volume (kl/day) 150886 153280.4 159847 193696 226257 235302 Unbilled Authorised and Illegal Volume (kl/day) 58156 84071 99527 105560 108055 86672 Total Water Losses (kl/day) 222871 248199 268791 308236 342929 333278 Non-Revenue Water Volume (kl/day) 228687 256606 278744 318792 353735 341945 Metering Inaccuracies (kl/day) 19645 19255 19370 19536 19423 19971 Illegal Consumption (kl/day) 52340 75664 89574 95004 97250 78005 EWS NRW Branch 17
Targets, Monitoring & Evaluation Monthly water balances per reservoir zone.. MONTHLY WATER BALANCE COMPONENT TRENDS - December 2009 Entire Southern Operational Area Current Month Analysis Remainder/ Unassigned Legend: Green - all data confirmed and available Orange - some SIV meters are missing, or zone may be breached Red - no SIV meters installed Grey - to be separated later; have been included in other areas Adams Mission 1 Reservoir Athlone Park Chatsworth 4 Ehlanzeni Garden Lots Klaarwater Lower Illovo 1 Northdene 1/2 Shallcross Reservoir Umbumbulu Umlazi 5 Adams Mission 2 Reservoir Bluff 1 Chesterville Ehlanzeni (Metro) Glenwood 2/3 KwaMakutha Magabeni 1 North Ridge Sherwood 1/2 Umgababa Umlazi 6 Adams Mission 3 Reservoir Bluff 2/3 Clansthal Ehlanzeni (Umgeni) Harinagar Reservoir Lamont Magabeni 2 Panarama Park Smithfield Umkomaas 1 Umnini Adams Mission 4 Reservoir Bluff South Clansthal 3 Ensimbini Illovo Beach Launceston Road Malabar Hills Ridge End Smithfield HL Umkomaas 2 Umzinto 5 Adams Mission 5 Reservoir Cato Manor Craigieburn 1 Extreme South Isipingo Beach Lewis Drive Midnite Cafe Ridge View South Ridge Umlazi 1/7 Wentworth Adams Mission 6 Reservoir Chatsworth 1 Craigieburn 2 Folweni Isipingo Hills Lotus Park Mobeni 1/2 Ridley Park St Thomas Umlazi 2/8 Westcliff Almond Road Chatsworth 2 Currie Road Folweni 2 Isipingo Rail Lovu Mobeni Rear Rosetta Toti Purification Works Umlazi 3 Woodlands 1/2 Amagcingo Chatsworth 3 Doonside Firwood 1/2 Isolempilo Lovu ET Montille SAICCOR Umbogintwini Umlazi 4 Woodlands 3/4 EWS NRW Branch 18
Leak Detection and Repair Progress Report The leak detection and repair strategy was amended to use Category B plumbers in informal areas This proved extremely successful, with the number of leaks repaired increasing dramatically in the last few months, and was achieved at a lower cost. 98% of the target for length of mains surveyed in the year was reached A total of 18 739 leaks were located and repaired. This resulted in 1.2 leaks/km being found and fixed, an improvement from 0,88 leaks/km in the previous financial year. EWS NRW Branch 19
Leak Detection and Repair Progress Report Baseline Target 1600 3200 4800 6400 8000 8900 9900 11500 13100 14700 16300 16950 Achievement to date 2759 3910 5405 6868 8221 8710 9815 12219 13076 14170 15262 16591 Performance to date (%) 172% 122% 113% 107% 103% 98% 99% 106% 100% 96% 94% 98% EWS NRW Branch 20
Leak Detection and Repair Progress Report 30000 28463 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 Visible leaks 403 Non-visible leaks EWS NRW Branch 21
Leak Detection and Repair Progress Report 16000 14000 14347 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 4110 2000 0 Main Line Leaks Service Connection Leaks EWS NRW Branch 22
Leak Detection and Repair Impact and Results 2500 FEB/MARCH/APR/MAY = 1425 leaks found & repaired Umlazi 1 Real Loss Reduction Flow Profile Monitoring FEB/MARCH/APR/MAY/JUNE = 1740 leaks found & repaired 2000 FEB/MARCH/APR/MAYJUNE/JULY = 2007 leaks found & repaired FEB/MARCH/APR/MAY/JUNE/JULY/AUG = 2440 leaks found & repaired Flowrate (kl/hr) 1500 1000 631.48kl/day 470.65kl/day 327.83kl/day 509.33kl/day 334.56kl/da 500 5 PRV Settings Optimised Theoretical Average Zone Pressure : 57m Theoretical Average Zone : 56m 0 2010/09/29 2010/08/10 2010/06/21 2010/05/02 2010/03/13 2010/01/22 2009/12/03 EWS NRW Branch 23 Logging Period (05/01/2010-04/08/2010)
Leak Detection and Repair Impact and Results Chatsworth 4 Real Loss Reduction Flow Profile Monitoring 2000 FEB = 6 leaks found & repaired FEB/MARCH = 11 leaks found & repaired 1800 FEB/MARCH/APR = 146 leaks found & repaired FEB/MARCH/APR/MAY = 403 leaks found & repaired 1600 1400 1200 1000 AVE = 491.79 AVE = 434.91kl/hr 800 Flow Rate (kl/hr) 600 400 200 0 EWS NRW Branch 24 2010/05/22 00:00 2010/05/12 00:00 2010/05/02 00:00 2010/04/22 00:00 2010/04/12 00:00 2010/04/02 00:00 2010/03/23 00:00 2010/03/13 00:00 2010/03/03 00:00 2010/02/21 00:00 2010/02/11 00:00 Logging Period (21/02/2010-14/05/2010)
Leak Detection and Repair Impact and Results Sherwood Real Loss Reduction Flow Profile Monitoring 2000 FEB = 32 leaks found & repaired 1800 FEB/MARCH = 69 leaks found & repaired FEB/MARCH/APR = 109 leaks found & repaired 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 Flow rate (kl/hr) AVE = 352.43kl/hr AVE = 239.94kl/hr AVE = 316.07kl/hr AVE = 242.14kl/hr 600 400 200 0 EWS NRW Branch 25 2010/07/21 00:00 2010/07/01 00:00 2010/06/11 00:00 2010/05/22 00:00 2010/05/02 00:00 2010/04/12 00:00 2010/03/23 00:00 2010/03/03 00:00 2010/02/11 00:00 2010/01/22 00:00 2010/01/02 00:00 Logging Period (20/01/2010-23/06/2010)
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Leak Detection and Repair Impact and Results Intervention Description Verifiable Impact on NRW (Ml/day) Real Loss Reduction: Leak Detection and Repair -5.3 Pressure Reduction -2.9 Advanced Pressure Management -26.3 System attrition 43.9 Sub-Total Real Loss Reduction 9.1 Billing Improvement: Metro Housing Projects 4.5 Small Diameter Meter Replacement 0.4 Large Diameter (ICI) Meter Replacement 2.7 Metering WD s/ebu s 3.5 Amnesty Programme 0.3 Ablution Blocks 0.8 Incomplete Connections -3.6 New Connections/Normal Growth 7.1 Sub-Total Billing Improvement 15.7 EWS NRW Branch 29
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Preparation EWS NRW Branch 30
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Briefing EWS NRW Branch 31
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Detection EWS NRW Branch 32
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Leaks EWS NRW Branch 33
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Leaks EWS NRW Branch 34
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Repair EWS NRW Branch 35
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Repair EWS NRW Branch 36
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Illegal Connections EWS NRW Branch 37
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Sahara Inspection EWS NRW Branch 38
Leak Detection and Repair Methodology... Smartball Inspection EWS NRW Branch 39
Challenges 1. Competence of leak detection contractors 2. Non-reporting of leaks in township areas (use of toll-free number) 3. Turn-over of roster plumbers (two week shifts) 4. Tampering with water infrastructure and repeated illegal connections 5. Internal leaks 6. Pipeline materials EWS NRW Branch 40
Lessons Learned 1. Leak detection in informal areas as well as in formal reticulation systems 2. Plastic fittings preferable to brass fittings 3. Rather concentrate in specific areas than stretch resources over greater area 4. Repeated multiple sweeps required to attain and sustain low levels of leakage 5. Theoretical and practical competence tests essential to ensure quality of work and desirable impact 6. Very few non-visible leaks found EWS NRW Branch 41
Further Research 1. Masters Research has commenced in : Extending the life of pipelines, delaying pipe replacement and establishing drivers that prioritise pipeline replacement Development of appropriate procedures that can be used to monitor the effectiveness and sustainability of leak detection in informal areas EWS NRW Branch 42
Consumer Awareness and Publicity 1. Media consultant appointed and communication strategy designed and implemented (through NRW Programme) 2. Media campaign through TV, radio, magazines and newspapers 3. Existing community liaison continued through Customer Service Agents (Customer Services) 4. Use of Community Focus Groups 5. Targeted street pole signage EWS NRW Branch 43
Street Pole Signage EWS NRW Branch 44