Volume 119 No. 15 2018, 1683-1690 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ Design of Fire Suppression in Train Using GPS & IoT 1* S. Dhananjeyan, 2 K.S. Dilip Nageshwar, 3 R.Edwin, 4 B.Rajesh 1* Assistant Professor, UG Scholar Dept of EEE, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.RR Dr.SR Engineering College, Chennai. 1* dhananjeyan@veltechmultitech.org ABSTRACT: Now days, many fire accidents taking place in the train. Thousands of passengers on board are killed because of getting trapped inside the train that has met with the fire accident. Fire is caused in a train usually due to a short circuit happening in a power system of that particular train. Fire may also be caused because of any inflammable materials carrying inside the train but now a days no inflammable material are allowed inside the train. Our project s motto is to suppress the fire taking place inside the train whenever a fire breaks out in that train using a gas to extinguish the fire and also to stop the train by applying air brakes automatically so that the passengers can escape out of the train and hence their lives are saved. Our project also works to send the information about the fire accident that had taken place in the train to the nearest station master so that he/she can alert the upcoming train behind it and stop that train from approaching and also shares the location of the train met with accident using GPS. KEYWORDS: Internet of Things(IoT), Peripheral Interface Circuit(PIC),Global System for Mobile communication(gsm),global Positioning System(GPS). 1. 1. INTRODUCTION Now a days, many disaster management programmes are being designed, planned and implemented by every nation in their country. These programmes are not only for natural disasters but also for environmental disasters but also for the disasters that happen in transportation of a nation. We can say fire accident that would happen in a train usually due to a short circuit. Many passengers get trapped inside the train due to the huge fire caused mainly due to the short circuit of the train s power system. A loco pilot and a guard will not get noticed of the fire at the initial stage itself and will come to know only when the matures. Thus affecting and killing large number of passengers on board. Our project works in such a way that when a fire is caused in a train, the fire detector set up in the kit will detect the fire and sends the electronic pulse to the PIC(Peripheral Interface Controller), the PIC then activates the relay in order to operate 1683
the motor in order to actuate the valves of the reservoir containing the fire extinguishing gas in a pressurised form in order to quench the fire in the train. The atomisers which spray the fire extinguishing gas inside the train are set up at several places in the train wherever there is a possibility of fire occurrence. WORKING PRINCIPLE: To attain our proposed system we need to use PIC16F877A microcontroller to monitor fire using fire sensor and at the same time motor will be stopped as well as relay activates the pump motor to pump the fire extinguishing gas by actuating the valve of the gas reservoir. All these activities will be uploaded as data to the cloud using IOT and GPS is used to find the location of the train which has met with the fire accident. All these components will be integrated using PIC Microcontroller. As soon as the gas is utilised to quench the fire. The fire extinguishing gas along with the compressed air stored in another reservoir used for quenching the fire. Once the gas is used to quench the fire, the air pressure in the air brake system decreases and hence the train comes to a halt position. It is a mechanism in the train air brake system that whenever the air brake goes down the brakes are actuated. This mechanism is used to stop the train during fire accident. BLOCK DIAGRAM: Ultrasonic sensor Fire sensor Pump Motor Flame sensor: Power supply PIC MICRO CONTROLLER IOT LCD FIG NO. 1.1: FLAME SENSOR Motor Motor GPS Flame sensor is a light sensitive device which works by assessing the wavelengths of the light. A fire started due to electric short circuit or due to any chemical 1684
substance will have it s own wavelength Which would be the perfect target for the flame sensor to distinguish the fire from normal light s wave length. Flame sensor is available as a separate module which is easily available in the market which can be easily purchased and installed in the kit. Flame sensor is also a cost effective module. INTERNET OF THINGS(IOT): ULTRASONIC SENSOR: FIG NO. 1.3: IOT MODULE BOARD FIG NO. 1.2: ULTRASONIC SENSOR The working principle of an Ultra Sonic sensor is very similar to that of a BAT. BAT is a type of flying mammal which detects it s prey by sending the Ultra Sonic waves in a random direction and it receives the sent waves by hitting on it s prey and get s reflected. So a BAT does both transmission and reception of Ultra Sonic Waves. The same does the Ultrasonic Sensor. Internet of Things (IOT) is a communication module which is specifically used for communication purpose in a wireless manner and elimination of conventional mobile cellular network which has several demerits like loss of cellular signals. IoT is like an automated module which doesn t involve human intervention at all. There by elimination of possibility human errors. IoT makes use of mobile internet data connection to communicate with other devices LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY(LCD) 1685
FIG NO. 1.6: GPS IN RAILWAYS FIG NO. 1.4: LCD AS MONITOR The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based device in which at least 24 satellites are used to access a point on earth. Tracking a point on earth can be done only when at least 4 satellites. GPS makes use of internet data connection. Every smart phone is equipped with GPS in order to help the user to track any location in this world. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an output device like a monitor to display the output of a process. It is an interface between a machine and a human. As humans can t understand the binary codes. The LCD converts the binary code to Decimal form which is understandable by the humans. It is like a messenger of electronic pulses sent by several devices to the human. RELAY GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) FIG NO. 1.5: SMALL SIZE DC RELAYS A relay is an electromechanical switch which acts as a switch by getting the input in binary form and activates the motor with the supply in which the relay is provided with separate supply terminals. Relay is used usually to activate the motor. It can also be used as switch gear in power systems. 1686
PUMP MOTOR FIG NO. 1.7: DC MOTOR PUMP Pump is an electromechanical equipment in which it is used to suck fluid from one side and push the fluid to the other side using an impeller which is made to rotate using an electrical motor. The rotor of the electrical motor is coupled with the impeller of the pump to transpoirt fluid from one area to another area. In our project, Pump is mainly used to pump the fire extinguishing gas from the reservoir to the target place. WORKING: When a fire breaks out in a train coach, immediately the fire is detected by the fire sensor and sends the electronic pulse to PIC Micro controller in order to activate the pump motor for pumping the fire extinguisher for quenching the fire by simultaneously actuating the valve of the fire extinguisher.at the instant the fire is detected, the power to the traction motors in the locomotive of the train is cut off by the PIC Micro controller and air brake is activated automatically.the Ultrasonic sensor interfaced to PIC is used to detect the upcoming unmanned level crossing and after a certain delay the electronic pulse is sent by the Ultrasonic sensor to PIC to activate power to the motor for closing the railway gate in the unmanned level crossing.the safety operation for quenching the fire in the train coach is fully completed and the information regarding the fire accident that had occured in the train coach is communicated to the nearest station master through IoT.The exact loaction where the train is present is tracked by the GPS device that is preent within the train to the station master.the exact location of the train is given by GPS in terms of latitude and longitude.the purpose of sharing the train s location with the station master is to safeguard the other trains which are coming behind the affected train and also the details will be essential for the fire and rescue department to reach the train in a very short period of time and also to guarantee that the passengers on board are saved. RESULT: The fire occured in the train is finally quenched and the current location of the train which met with fire accident is shared with the nearest station master via GPS. The location consisiting of Latitude and Longitute of the location of the train is fed to the IoT Cloud link through IoT module. The final cloud link page is shown in the figure. 1687
TOP VIEW OF KIT OF PROPOSED SYSTEM Fig:2 IR sensor without obstacle detected Fig1.8: Our Project s Kit OUTPUT: Fig2.1: IR detecting the obstacle Fig1.9: Final Data Log in IoT link 1688
Fig2.2: Relay gets activated to switch motor ON the train travel and transportation is enhanced. Though capital cost for implementing this project is more but the project pays back more for everyone buy saving many lives of the passengers in the train. The main purpose of using IoT instead of GSM is whenever the mobile network goes down, the message will not be passed to the station master for taking immediate action. Whereas in IoT using internet connection as now a days mobile Internet connection is available at a very low price and is affordable by every common person and the information sent from IoT can be viewed from any part of the world and can actions can be taken accordingly. When our project s kit is made in an industry as a mass production, the cost of each individual kit s cost will become very cheap. REFERENCES: [1] Health Monitoring and Management Using Internet-of-Things (IoT) Sensing with Cloudbased Processing Moeen Hassanalieragh, Alex Page, Tolga Soyata, Gaurav Sharma, Mehmet Aktas, Gonzalo Mateos Burak Kantarci, Silvana Andreescu (2017) Fig2.3: Message for intimating that unmanned level crossing gates have been closed CONCLUSION: Our project is a fire-fighter project which is integrated with train in order to save passengers during a fire accident. The safety of [2] Fire Monitoring System for Fire Detection Using ZigBee and GPRS System D Kiran kumar1, G.Kishore 2, T.V.Suresh kumar3 School of Electronics engineering VIT University, Chennai campus 2,3ECE dept Bharat Institute of Engg & Tech(2017) [3] Railway Safety Monitoring Architecture Based on Internet of Things Zhang Jie1*, Shao Liping1 1 School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, P. R. China(2016) 1689
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