Understanding and Influencing the Standards and Codes Compliance Environment John Bernhards Associate Vice President APPA Leadership in Educational Facilities Dana Peterson Associate University Architect University of New Hampshire,
Best Practices The Eastern Regional Association of Physical Plant Administrators (ERAPPA) is a Registered Provider with the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-aia members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
Learning Objectives Upon completion of this program you will be able to: Increase understanding of how standards and codes (e.g., NFPA, ASHRAE standards, etc.) impact the educational facilities environment. Explain processes used by standards bodies to create standards and codes. Review new and proposed standards and codes impacting education and now under development. Educate attendees on how they can help influence changes to draft and existing standards and codes through APPA s Standards and Codes Council activities.
What is a Standard? A document that provides requirements, specifications, guidelines or characteristics that can be used consistently to ensure that materials, products, processes and services are fit for their purpose. Written by public or private groups to define a specific area or issue and offered to be adopted or referenced by others. Standards can be written to establish a minimum quality level. Standards remove trade barriers, support free trade practices. Standards can also be written to promote the commercial interests of product manufacturers and service providers.
What is a Regulation? Regulations are written by public agencies or legislative bodies to define requirements that must be met regarding a specific area or issue and are enforceable by law. Standards may serve as the reference or requirement within a regulation or code.
What codes are out there? We operate in an increasingly complex myriad of codes, mandates, regulations, and industry standards. Standards impact nearly every facet of not only the design and construction process, but also operations and maintenance activities. There are several hundred standards and codes writing bodies, both private and public, that write and update thousands of individual documents every year.
Codes of most concern to facilities managers for construction While any code, regulation, or standard can impact the design and construction of a building, most of the impact will fall under one of the following major model code documents: National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) NFPA 101 (Life Safety Code) NFPA 13 (Sprinklers) NFPA 70 (National Electrical Code) NFPA 72 (Fire Alarm Systems) International Code Council (ICC) IBC (International Building Code) IMC (International Mechanical Code) IPC (International Plumbing Code) IECC (International Energy Conservation Code)
Additional Documents: Codes of most concern to facilities managers for construction American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings ASHRAE 90.2 Energy Efficient Design of Low Rise Residential Buildings ASHRAE 189.1 Standards for the Design of High Performance Green Buildings Except Low- Rise Residential Buildings ASHRAE 189.3 Design Construction and Operation of Sustainable High Performance Health Care Facilities
Is a code, standard, or regulation static The Answer Is No. once it s adopted? Jurisdictions adopt a particular edition or year model code. Why Does This Occur? NFPA and ICC update their codes on a 2 to 3 year cycle. The individual jurisdictions must then decide to adopt all, some, or none of the updated edition of the code and set a date to become effective. Likewise, standards setting organizations and regulatory bodies will revise and update their standards on a regular basis.
WHAT EDITION??
What s a model code? NFPA (NEC) and ICC use an open, public process to write and adopt generic code language. The completed standards and codes are then made available for individual jurisdictions to adopt into law. Each adopting jurisdiction then stipulates its own procedural and enforcement rules. It may modify any provisions in the model code as it sees fit. Typically enforcement is accomplished at the local level (except for State and Federal property) and the local enforcer has the option to modify the model code only for purposes of making it more strict.
Current Building Codes within the ERAPPA Region Maine - IBC 2009 New Hampshire IBC & IRC 2009 w/ NH amendments Vermont IBC 2006 New York IBC 2006 Pennsylvania IBC 2009 New Jersey IBC & IRC 2009 w/ NJ amendments Connecticut IBC & IRC 2003 w/ CT supplement Rhode Island IBC 2009 Massachusetts MA State Building Code Delaware - None Maryland IBC & IRC 2012 w/ DHCD modifications Ontario Ontario Bldg. Code, NBC w/ significant variations New Brunswick NBC 2010 Nova Scotia NBC 2010 Prince Edward Island None or Current NBC by Town Newfoundland and Labrador Current NBC w/ exceptions
Why do codes change every few years? Reasons vary. It often comes down to a belief by the authoring body that the change improves health and safety of occupants, streamlines the design, construction, or enforcement of health and safety features, or in the case of energy codes, saves energy. Many changes are brought forth by safety professionals seeking to raise building safety or plug safety loopholes. Still other changes are brought forth by special interests ostensibly for the same purpose, but which will also provide a financial benefit to the special interest if adopted.
How are codes modified? Most standards bodies and codes-setting organizations follow a similar path: Proposal Stage Proposals for change are called for and received Proposals are reviewed by a Committee for acceptance, and a first draft of the proposed accepted changes is published. Public Comment Stage Comments from interested parties and the public are received. Committee reviews comments and prepares second draft of proposed changes if necessary. Committee votes to adopt final changes. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) maintains US voluntary standards setting practices and accredits US Standards Development Organizations (allowing for the creation of American National Standards).
How to Keep up with this ever-changing picture? The APPA Standards and Codes Council Established in July 2012 by APPA. Initially organized as the Codes Advocacy Task force (CATF). Now serves as a permanent Council, reporting to the APPA Board of Directors.
The Council Mission Promote codes and standards awareness among member institutions. Determine impacts of existing codes and proposed standards. Influence codes and standards development and outcomes. Display APPA s Leadership in standards and codes, seek pragmatic solutions. Identify broad consensus among APPA members on standards and codes issues, seek appropriate representation within standards bodies.
Standards/Codes Setting Bodies Monitored by the Council
Fire Pump Testing Water Reduction APPA partnered federal agencies 60 minutes of water flow was the norm 15 minutes possible 1 swimming pool s worth of water waste avoided
Fire Pump Test Frequency Reduction Electric fire pumps runs reduced from weekly to monthly (no flow) Technical data substantiation 70% reduction in maintenance and associated fuel, electricity
Fire Sprinkler System Draining Supported removal of 5 year drain requirement for entire sprinkler system Save thousands or gallons of water Some draining still necessary
Fire Sprinklers and Sustainability Sprinklers proven to save lives and property Sprinklers flow about 22 gallons per minute Fire hose flows about 125 gallons per minute
Transformer kva Reduction National Electrical Code (2014) $1 billion $10 billion a year in reduced construction costs Less materials Less wasted heat Lower energy costs Lowers flash hazard Addresses calculation methods that cause transformer oversizing
The Path Forward Document The Council has prepared a document to educate our members, and the education sector, on the role of the Council and its vision for success.
Council Working Groups Scope of work approved by the Council. Propose draft contributions for consideration and/or adoption in proposed and existing standards. May create and publish APPA Standards, technical reports, requirements and best practices germane to the needs of the education sector.
Working Group Classifications Model Codes ICC, NFPA, etc. APPA and Joint Documents APPA/NFPA, database, best practices, etc. Regulatory Agencies DOJ, EPA, OSHA, ADA, etc. Generally Accepted Standards ANSI, ASTM, UL, ASHRAE, etc.
Working Group Guidelines Voting members will be employees of APPA member organizations, 1 vote per institution. Emeritus, student, Business Partner, and retiree members may participate ex-officio. Non-members, consultants, and members of other organizations may participate ex-officio upon approval by Council. Member organizations may designate a proxy to attend and vote on their behalf. Work to be progressed primarily via electronic meetings, posting of documents, contributions, and discussion forums on the Council s collaborative software. Working Group conclusions and recommendations submitted to Council for approval. One Chair per Working Group. Work product owned by APPA.
Council s Responsibilities Oversight of Work Groups Reviews and approves output. Hear and address complaints. Approve the creation of new Work Groups or the dissolution of existing groups.
Recent Council Initiatives APPA/NFPA joint logo document handbook on NFPA compliance in an educational institution setting. ICC Green Building Code and related ASHRAE standards committees and initiatives. Best practices document for appealing code determinations. Recently submitted a recommendation to International Sanitary Engineers Association standards committee, regarding flushing frequencies of laboratory eyewash systems. Submitted proposal to NFPA 13 to standardize design for sprinkler test connections. (member initiative) ISO TC/267 FM Standards APPA maintains a seat on the ANSI US Technical Advisory Group to ISO TC/267.
Members: 163 national standards bodies Technical Bodies: 3,335 (inc. 224 TCs) Standards: 19,023 Work-in-Progress: 1,419 new projects Work Items: 4,007 29
ISO TC/267 FM Standards Late 2011: ISO Technical Management Board (TMB) established a new Technical Committee (ISO/TC 267 Facilities management) 30
ISO TC/267 Participating Countries Australia (SA) Austria (ASI) Canada (SCC) China (SAC) Czech Republic (UNMZ) Denmark (DS) Finland (SFS) France (AFNOR) Germany (DIN) Hungary (MSZT) India (BIS) Japan (JISC) Korea (KATS) Malaysia (DSM) Norway (SN) Spain (AENOR) Thailand (TISI) United Kingdom (BSI) - Secretariat USA (ANSI) 31
Initial Work Proposals First Work Proposal Being Presented: for ISO TC/267 Title of the proposed deliverable - Facility Management - Part 1: Terms and Definitions Scope of the proposed deliverable - This standard gives relevant terms and definitions in the area of Facility Management (FM). It also provides insight into the scope of FM 32
APPA Standards and Codes Council Members Chair: Brooks Baker, III APPA Past President and Former AVP for Facilities, University of Alabama - Birmingham Michael A Anthony University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Richard J. Davis The Evergreen State College David Handwork Arkansas State University Clint Lord Arizona State University Dana Peterson University of New Hampshire Alan Sactor Univ. of Maryland, College Park Theodore Weidner Purdue University Staff Liaison: John Bernhards Associate Vice President, APPA
Questions/Key Elements What are the key model code documents of most concern to facilities managers? Why do codes change every few years? How are codes modified by standards and code-setting bodies? What are some of the standards and codesetting bodies whose activities impact the facilities management field, and are monitored closely by APPA, on behalf of the education sector?
Thank you for joining us today. Dana Peterson Associate University Architect University of New Hampshire Email: dana.peterson@unh.edu Questions? John Bernhards Associate Vice President APPA Leadership in Educational Facilities Email: jbernhards@appa.org www.appa.org
Understanding and Influencing the Standards and Codes Compliance Environment