Name Science Period 1
Table of Contents Getting Started 3 Safety Symbols 4 Animal Safety 5 Aprons 5 Breakage 6 Corrosive 7 Disposal 8 Electric 8 Flame 9 Fumes 10 General Safety Awareness 10 Gloves 11 Goggles 11 Hand Washing 11 Heating 12 No Flame 13 Physical safety 13 Sharp Objects 13 Poison 14 Plants 14 Notes 15 2
Using your safety manual: In class we learned 18 symbols that are used to warn us about the dangers we may face when doing an experiment. This lab manual will tell you what rules to follow specifically for each type of hazard. To use the manual, read the lab report for the experiment you want to perform. List the safety symbols that go with the lab. Each symbol has a section in the book telling you exactly what to do to be safe! Read through the rules BEFORE YOU SET UP FOR THE LAB. After setting up your equipment, CHECK AGAIN!!! These same rules apply OUTSIDE of school as well! Read ALL of the directions for the lab. If the teacher or one of your partners adds some directions or ideas, WRITE THEM DOWN ON THE LAB. Don t trust yourself to remember them later. If you don t understand a direction, ASK. If you don t understand what the experiment is for, ASK! NEVER perform experiments activities that are not approved by the teacher. NEVER touch any equipment until the teacher gives the go-ahead. NEVER work alone in a room. Inspect your work area and remove any clutter or objects which could potentially cause a problem later. If it s not needed for the experiment, put it somewhere else! Tie back long hair, button sleeves and remove dangling jewelry to avoid chemicals, flames or equipment. It s possible to roll up sleeves, but be sure they can t fall back down at a bad time. Don t wear open-toed shoes or sandals when you do experiments. Dropped objects can crush or cut toes. Spilled materials can burn or poison exposed toes. KNOW YOUR STUFF! If something unexpected happens, turn off any flame, step calmly away and get the attention of your teacher. 3
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NEVER perform experiments that cause pain, discomfort or harm to any animal, fish, reptile or bird. If you know you have allergies to certain animals, let the teacher know BEFORE the animals are present. Animals should only be handled when absolutely necessary. Be aware of proper techniques for any species involved. PAY ATTENTION! Care should be taken to keep hands and skin away from teeth, claws, etc. Gloves or aprons might be necessary depending on the size and type of animal. BE SURE to wash your hands after handling animals. BE SURE to wash your hands after handling animal cages or habitats. Always wear an apron when dealing with chemicals that stain or liquids that can spill. Pay special attention when using any acid or hot liquids. Splashes from either of these can be very dangerous. Check the apron for cleanliness and holes before putting it on. Try not to wipe the outside of the apron on your hands and clothes. Be sure the apron is tied securely and no strings hang down to get caught on things or trip people. Wipe the apron off with water and a paper towel if appropriate, then hang the apron up when you are finished. 5
Handle breakable materials with care. Do not put broken glass in the regular trash can. Do NOT pick up broken glass with your bare hands. Use a dustpan and brush. Check any glass for chips or cracks BEFORE you start. Don t use glass that is cracked, it could break suddenly and cut you or spill chemicals on you. NEVER EAT OR DRINK FROM LABWARE!!!! GOGGLES!!! Report any cuts to the teacher IMMEDIATELY. DO NOT handle breakables while your hands are wet. Never force glass tubing, thermometers or other breakables through rubber stoppers, hose or any other tight-fitting material. Ask your teacher for help in these situations. Remember that hot glass is extra fragile and exercise extreme caution! Use a wire screen when heating glassware to distribute the flame. Never set fragile containers near the edge of your table. Never let a hot container touch water! It will crack and possibly even shatter. Be sure to thoroughly clean any glassware and check it for cracks before putting it away. BE VERY CAREFUL when cleaning containers. NEVER FORCE your hand, a rag or brush into a tight container. The container can suddenly shatter and cut you 6
Do not get on your skin or clothing. ALWAYS use goggles and an apron. Do not inhale vapors. NEVER sniff a container to see what s inside. Use the WAFT METHOD if directed by the teacher. PAY ATTENTION! Don t be distracted while dangerous chemicals are near! Never set containers of corrosive chemicals near the edge of the table or around notebooks or other lab supplies. NEVER mix with other materials unless specifically directed by the teacher. When pouring, always use the sink. Never pour on the table or near your supplies. If some drips in the sink, run water to flush the chemical. If you get any chemical on your skin or clothing, rinse immediately with lots of water and notify the teacher. If necessary, use the shower. If the chemical spills in your work area, notify the teacher immediately. DO NOT attempt to clean. DO NOT pour chemicals back into their original container. If mixing acids with water DO WHAT YOU OUGHTER, ADD ACID TO WATER. That means fill an empty container with water first, then SLOWLY pour the acid into the water. This is EXTREMELY dangerous! Dispose of chemicals as the teacher instructs. NEVER pour into a trash can. Wash your hands when finished. 7
Never dump chemicals in a trash can or the sink unless directed by the teacher. You could cause a fire or fumes or just plain pollution. When given special disposal directions follow them EXACTLY. Broken glass must be put in a separate container kept specifically for that purpose. If you are not sure of how to dispose of something, ASK! Check device for any exposed or frayed wire. Tell the teacher if you find either. DO NOT just put it back and get another one. Set up equipment away from any source of liquid. NEVER touch electrical equipment with wet hands. Be sure cords are untangled and pushed under a table or out of the way so no one can trip. Unplug any devices when not in use 8
Tie back long hair, button sleeves and remove dangling jewelry to avoid chemicals, flames or equipment. It s possible to roll up sleeves, but be sure they can t fall back down at a bad time. Remember that hair products may be VERY flammable, as are certain materials used in clothing. Don t use or wear these things if you know you will be working with flames. GOGGLES!!!!! Never heat a chemical unless instructed to do so by the teachers. Many harmless chemicals become deadly when heated. Clear the work area. Keep all flammable material away from the work area. Inspect your materials. Never use cracked or chipped glassware. PAY ATTENTION! Don t be distracted while using fire! NEVER reach across the table near a flame. If you leave the area, turn off or extinguish any open flame. Never leave a flame unattended. Bunsen burners: *Light the match, or practice using the flint BEFORE turning on the gas.* If the burner doesn t light, after 3 tries, turn it off! Fan the area and try again a few minutes later. DO NOT touch the burner after it is lit. The metal barrel becomes VERY hot! DO NOT put objects in the flame unless directed to by your teacher. Pens, pencils, and other innocent materials do very unexpected and dangerous things when heated quickly. Wear heat-resistant gloves when handling hot containers or equipment. DO NOT use rubber gloves!!!! Use tongs or clamps to handle hot objects whenever possible. NEVER assume something has cooled. Let everyone near you know before you move hot objects to avoid bumps or dropping. NEVER HEAT A SEALED CONTAINER!!!!! When heating test tubes: NEVER put in a stopper. Keep the test tube moving constantly. Do not stick the bottom of the tube in the center of the flame. NEVER POINT THE TUBE TOWARD YOURSELF OR ANYONE ELSE. PAY ATTENTION! 9
Work in a ventilated area. If possible use a fume hood. Do not inhale vapors. DO NOT sniff a container to see what s inside unless the teacher directs. Use the WAFT METHOD. Do not use masks. If the fumes are that unpleasant or toxic, this is NOT an experiment you should do. In the case of an emergency treat like a fire! Evacuate and pull the alarm! This symbol usually means something must be watched that is not covered in the other areas.. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION to the directions the teacher gives and TAKE NOTES!!!! Don t trust your memory. Know the lab procedure BEFORE you start. If unsure, ASK before you start. Use common sense and PAY ATTENTION. Never fool around in the lab or allow yourself to be distracted by conversations with your friends. Keep your work area clear and uncluttered. Bring only the supplies you need. Leave your backpack, purse or other unnecessary items at your desk or locker. 10
Use the right glove for the job!! Latex gloves block light dirt, non-corrosive chemicals and germs. Rubber gloves block corrosive chemicals. Heat resistant (special cloth) gloves are used for hot objects. Be careful when using gloves. They often do not give a very tight grip. Warn others around you and take special care when lifting an object while you are wearing gloves. Be sure to put out flames or turn off hot plates before using gloves to remove the container! Before you put on the glove, should you be wearing an apron and goggles? Wear goggles for ANY activity involving heating, flames, chemicals, breakables or projectiles. KEEP THEM ON for the whole activity. Goggles around your neck don t protect anything! KEEP THEM ON until all of the groups have finished. Objects can easily fly from someone else s group into yours! Wash thoroughly with soap and water. Lather both sides of your hands and be sure to lather in between your fingers as well. It s a good habit to wash after every lab just to be safe. NEVER eat or drink until you have washed (that includes gum or candy!) 11
Use clamps or tongs to pick up hot items. If you are not sure, assume it s hot! Tie back long hair, button sleeves and remove dangling jewelry to avoid chemicals, flames or equipment. It s possible to roll up sleeves, but be sure they can t fall back down at a bad time. Remember that hair products may be VERY flammable, as are certain materials used in clothing. Don t use or wear these things if you know you will be working with flames. GOGGLES!!!!! Never heat a chemical unless instructed to do so by the teachers. Many harmless chemicals become deadly when heated. Clear the work area. Keep all flammable material away from the work area. Inspect your materials. Never use cracked or chipped glassware. PAY ATTENTION! Don t be distracted while using fire! NEVER reach across the table near a flame. If you leave the area, turn off or extinguish any open flame. Never leave a flame unattended. Remember that hot glass is extra fragile and exercise extreme caution! NEVER HEAT A SEALED CONTAINER!!!!! When heating test tubes: NEVER put in a stopper. Keep the test tube moving constantly. Do not stick the bottom of the tube in the center of the flame. NEVER POINT THE TUBE TOWARD YOURSELF OR ANYONE ELSE. PAY ATTENTION! Never let a hot container touch water! It will crack and possibly even shatter. 12
This activity involves flammable material. Keep any type of flame, spark or other heat source away! PAY CLOSE ATTENTION to the directions the teacher gives and TAKE NOTES!!!! Don t trust your memory. Know the lab procedure BEFORE you start. If unsure, ASK before you start. Let the teacher know if you feel you are unable to perform any part of the lab. Use common sense and PAY ATTENTION. Never fool around in the lab or allow yourself to be distracted by conversations with your friends. Keep your work area clear and uncluttered. Bring only the supplies you need. Leave your backpack, purse or other unnecessary items at your desk or locker. NEVER climb or stand on tables, desks or chairs! Never cut toward you, always cut AWAY from yourself. PAY ATTENTION. When not using the sharp object, place it in a safe place pointed away from you or anyone else in the area. NEVER leave the sharp object laying by the edge of the table or under notebooks or lab supplies. Immediately notify the teacher if you get any cut no matter how small. Help avoid infection or exposure to dangerous materials Never throw sharp items in the trash can. Broken glass goes in the special container set aside for that purpose. Any other sharp items should have special disposal rules given by your teacher. 13
Do not get on your skin or clothing. ALWAYS use goggles and an apron. Do not inhale vapors. NEVER sniff a container with a poison label!!! PAY ATTENTION! Don t be distracted while dangerous chemicals are near! Never set containers of poisonous chemicals near the edge of the table or around notebooks or other lab supplies. NEVER mix with other materials unless specifically directed by the teacher. When pouring, always use the sink. Never pour on the table or near your supplies. If some drips in the sink, run water to flush the chemical. If you get any chemical on your skin or clothing, rinse immediately with lots of water and notify the teacher. If necessary, use the shower. If the chemical spills in your work area, notify the teacher immediately. DO NOT attempt to clean. DO NOT pour chemicals back into their original container. Dispose of chemicals as the teacher instructs. NEVER pour into a trash can. Wash your hands when finished. Unless otherwise instructed by your teacher, treat plants in the lab as you would a poisonous chemical. Wear gloves, avoid skin contact and wash your hands. If you are aware of an allergy to a plant being used, let the teacher know BEFORE the activity begins. If working in the field, wear long pants, long sleeves, socks and closed shoes. 14
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