Integrated Planning for a Sustainable & Compact City: Singapore s Experience World Bank, Washington DC 7 October 2010 Presenter: WONG Kai Yeng Urban Redevelopment Authority, Singapore 1
Singapore Today View of the Central Business District 2
1960s: Severe Housing Problems Acute housing shortage: 25% of population lived on 1% of land Poor living conditions Housing conditions in the city Overcrowding within each housing unit 3
1960s: Lack of Jobs & Poor Infrastructure High Unemployment Rate Poor Infrastructure 4
Population Growth over the Years Population Population Growth and over Density the Years 6,000 Singapore s Population Size Population ( 000) ( 000) 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Year Increase of 1 million people every 10 years since 1990 5
Singapore on the World Map Singapore 6
23 km 43 km Land Area: 710 km 2 Population: 5.08 million 9 Density: 7000 pple/km 2 7
Singapore s Density in Relation to Other Cities Population & Density Comparison Population ( 000) 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Singapore New York 0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 Density (no. of people per km 2 ) 8
Our Limitations Small City-State Limited land area No hinterland No natural resources 9
Urban Redevelopment Authority: Singapore s National Land Use Planning Authority Mission: To make Singapore a Great Place to Live, Work & Play in 10
The Planning Process Concept Plan Planning Master Plan Land Sales Development Control Implementation 11
Concept Plan Strategic and Long Term Plan To ensure that there is sufficient land for the future Concept Plan 2001 12
Integrated Planning: Multi Agency Effort 13
Concept Plan: Balancing Competing Land Use Needs Culture and Heritage Commerce Nature and Greenery Housing Industry Indus Water treatment & storage 14
Concept Plan: Planning for Sustainability ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL 15
The Planning Process Concept Plan Master Plan Master Plan Land Sales Development Control 16
Master Plan Master Plan 2008 17
Master Plan: Statutory Land Use Plan Shows permissible land use & density Detailed & transparent Review every 5 years 18
Master Plan: Economizing on Land Use Co Location and Integration Sports Hall Rooftop Basketball Court Gymnasium Public Library Popular Coffee Joint Community Club 263-seat Theatrette Marine Parade Community Club houses different users and tenants which would usually be sited separately 19
Master Plan: Economizing on Land Use Co Location and Integration FUTURE RECLAMATION PRE-PLANNED CHAMBER SEAWALL Stormwater Collection Pond integrated with a Secondary School 20
Master Plan: Economizing on Land Use Deep Tunnel Sewerage System (DTSS) One main water reclamation plant Frees up land previously occupied by smaller plants and pumping stations 21
Master Plan: Economizing on Land Use Use of Underground Space Underground rock caverns for storage or utility purposes Oil and gas storage Caverns inside or under mountains Illustration of the Underground Storage Cavern by the Straits Times 22
The Planning Process Concept Plan Master Plan Land Sales Land Sales Development Control 23
Government Land Sales Helps realise planning intentions Meet market demand for residential, commercial and industrial developments Private Public Partnership 24
The Planning Process Concept Plan Master Plan Land Sales Development Control 25
Development Control Ensure land and buildings are developed according to planning intentions of the Master Plan Evaluate planning submissions and grant planning approvals Transparent and clear guidelines 26
Public Consultation as a part of Planning Process Focus Group Sessions Public Forums Exhibitions E Consultation 27
Planning Principles and Strategies Integrated Land Use & Transport Planning A Compact & Transit Oriented City Planning for a Good Quality Living Environment Creating a Vibrant City to Support Growth Towards a City in a Garden Conserving our Built Heritage 28
Integrated Land Use and Transport Planning Planning for land use and transport networks done together Clustering high density developments around public transport nodes Tampines Regional Centre in the east 29
A Compact and Transit Oriented City Amenities Close to Housing High Density Developments Around Major Nodes Schools within walking distance to homes 30
Extending Singapore s Metro Network Existing Lines North In Progress By 2020 Thomson Line North-East West NSL Downtown Line NEL East EWL Tuas Extension Central Region Eastern Region Line Circle Line North-South Line Extension Source: Land Transport Authority 31
Planning for a Good Quality Living Environment Providing a Variety of Housing Types > 90% home ownership Private Landed Housing Medium-rise Private Condominiums High-rise Public Housing Attractive Waterfront Housing 32
Planning for a Good Quality Living Environment > 80% live in public housing 23 New Towns Building Homes, Shaping Communities Scenic waterway through a public housing estate 50-storey public housing Source: HDB 33
Creating a Vibrant City Centre to Support Growth Marina Bay: Seamless Growth of the City Centre Marina Centre Convention/Hotel Hub Bayfront today Central Business District 34
Events to Activate the Bay F1 Grand Prix Youth New Year Olympic Countdown Games Sporting Events 35
The Greening of Singapore 1967 Garden City Movement Creating spaces of relief and enjoyment in a high density environment 36
Garden City to a City in a Garden 37
Park Connectors Connectors to link parks and green spaces 38
Park Connector Network EXISTING PARK CONNECTORS NEW PARK CONNECTORS ROUND ISLAND LOOP 39
Protecting Our Biodiversity 40
Conserving Our Built Heritage 41
3 Historic Districts > 90 Conservation Areas 7000 Conserved Buildings 42
Water Resource Management Shortage of drinking water supply 4 National Taps to provide adequate clean water supply 100% sewered NEWater Plant Deep Tunnel Sewerage System 43
Maintaining a Clean and Green Environment Integrated Waste Management Household garbage collected daily Incineration of waste Encourage recycling Power generation 44
Factors Facilitating Singapore s Transformation Strong Political Will and Support Long term planning Comprehensive Process from Planning through to Implementation Close co operation between Government Agencies Public buy in 45
Sharing our Experiences Master Planning Projects Work with foreign cities to provide advisory services on master planning projects Suzhou Industrial Park, China Tianjin Eco city, China Durgapur Aerotropolis, West Bengal, India Royal Bafokeng Nation, South Africa 53 46
Sharing our Experiences Training Programmes Provide training courses for foreign government officials Conducted in Singapore or in their home country 4 day Integrated Land Use Planning Courses conducted for: Lagos State Government, Nigeria Nanjing Planning Bureau, China African Nations under the Joint UNCRD, JICA & MFA programme Abu Dhabi Municipal Councillors 54 47
International Collaborations Sino Singapore Singapore Tianjin Eco city city Government Government collaboration project URA led the Singapore Master Planning team for the Eco city Perspectives of the Tianjin Eco-city 55 48
Biennial international award Recognise individuals and organisations that have made outstanding contributions to the creation of vibrant, liveable and sustainable urban communities around the world Recognise individuals and organisations responsible for urban initiatives that display foresight, good governance or innovation in tackling urban challenges faced by cities 2010 Laureate: Bilbao City Hall For more information, visit www.leekuanyewworldcity.com.sg 49
Thank You 50