1.1 Safety laws AWFS 2015 The Stage Progress in American and international Woodworking Safety Standards Overview of what is going on around the world regarding safety Iuri Betti ISO/TC 39/SC4 chairman LAS VEGAS, July 25th 2015 1 mandatory «POLITICAL SIDE» of machinery safety in most cases establish general essential safety requirements to be fulfilled when designing a machine (eg. UE, Brazil, US, Canada, Eurasian Customs Union, Turkey, Australia) sometimes refer directly to safety standards making them compulsory standards (eg. CHINA) SPREADING to new states/areas in the world also thanks to the efforts of ILO (International Labour Organization) STATE WHAT SAFETY REQUIREMENTS HAVE TO BE REACHED 3 INDEX 1.2 Safety standards (1/7) 1. Safety standards AND Safety laws 2. Overview of standards and laws regarding safety 3. ISO/TC 39/SC4 activity 4. ECODESIGN voluntary «TECHNICAL SIDE» of machinery safety provide «state of the Art» practical solutions fulfilling safety requirements stated by safety laws developed with the voluntary contribution of experts coming from different sectors STATE HOW TO FULFILL IN PRACTICE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 2 4
1.2 Safety standards (2/7) 1.2 Safety standards (4/7) Existing a lot of national standardization bodies all over the world HIERARCHY OF MACHINERY SAFETY STANDARDS according ANSI/ISO 12100 type - A BASIC SAFETY STANDARDS giving basic concepts, principles for design and general aspects that can be applied to machinery type - B GENERIC SAFETY STANDARS dealing with one safety aspect (type-b1) or one type of safeguard (type-b2) that can be used across a wide range of machinery 5 type - C MACHINE SAFETY STANDARDS dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines 7 1.2 Safety standards (3/7) 1.2 Safety standards (5/7) At GLOBAL (world) level only 3 standardization organizations : GALAXY OF type-a and type-b machinery safety standards ISO (International Organization for Standardization) covering almost every industry, from technology, to food safety, to agriculture and healthcare IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) focused on all electrical, electronic and related technologies ITU (International Telecommunication Union) National standardization bodies directly participating i as P- members at most ISO TCs and related SCs and WGs (ANSI included) 6 8
1.2 Safety standards (6/7) 2.1 Laws / Standards for w.w. in USA Design of machines is always a compromise between safety, efficiency, and usability. Dangerous conditions, according to accidents and injuries history are taken into account Type-C standards are helpful provide state-of-the-art solutions to fulfil general requirements, avoiding ambiguities in applying general principles stated by laws and type-a and type-b standards. They include Risk Analysis tailored just on the specific machine defined in their scope According ISO 12100 when a type-c standard deviates from one or more technical provisions dealt with by this International Standard or by a type-b standard, the type- C standard takes precedence 9 CFR 29 (subpart O) - 1910.212 and 1910.213 NEC - for electrical matters OSHA guides applied by AHJ (enforcement authority) ANSI O1.1 Safety code Woodworking machinery ANSI O1.1-1 Safety requirements for Fixed Angle Jump Saws ANSI O1.1-3 Safety requirements for CNC Machining Center In progress: ANSI O1.1 1-2 Safety requirements for Gang Rip Saws ANSI O1.1-4 Safety requirements for Shapers ANSI O1.1-5 Safety requirements for Straight-line Rip Saws ANSI O1.1-n Safety requirements for Edge-banders ANSI STANDARDS deal both of Occupational safety and Machine safety NEC and other UL/NFPA standards related to electrical equipment 11 1.2 Safety standards (7/7) 2.2 Laws / Standards for w.w. in CANADA no type-c ISO safety standards for available in 2012 reactivating ISO/TC 39/SC4 on 2012-01-01 it was decided to extend its original scope to safety aspects regarding woodworking machines SC4 is now focusing its activity on developing type-c safety standards just tailored for specific families of woodworking machines Occupational and safety act R.S.O. 1990, CHAPTER O.1 transposed in local legislation of each Canadian Province and supported by Safety Regulations IN ONTARIO: Regulation of Industrial Establishments RRO 851/1990 PSH&SR signed by a professional engineer required for all new or newely installed machines Safety standards applicable to w.w. w machinery CSA Z 432-04 Safeguarding of machinery Combination of Type-A and Type-B standards NO CSA or ISO type-c standards available!!! 10 CEC and other CSA standards related to electrical equipment 12
2.3 Laws / Standards for w.w. in BRAZIL 2.5 Laws / Standards for w.w. in TURKEY NR12:2010 Machinery and Equipment Fully in force since 2013 june 30 th Applies to all «new» and «existing machines» States a full set of safety requirements in line with Annex I of 2006/42/EC Includes, in addition, some specific critical safety design solutions Safety systems under technical responsibility of brazilian CREA member (A.R.T. to be registered and its number referred to in the machine label) NR12 revision annunced by MTE: Critical points to be solved new NR12 Annexes for ww w.w. machinery in progress (content???) No ABNT or ISO type-c standards still available, only type-a and type-b standards 13 2006/42/AT (machinery safety) Other applicable laws: 2006/95/AT (LV) 2004/108/AT (EMC). All these Turkish laws state the same safety requirements and rules of the corresponding UE directives!!! CEN decided to grant full membership to the Turkish Standards Institution (TSE) since 2012.01.01 EN type-a, type B and type-c standards has been adopted also in Turkey by TSE as TS EN standards 15 2.4 Laws / Standards for w.w. in EUROPEAN UNION 2.6 Laws / Standards for w.w. in Eurasian Customs Union 2006/42/EC directive (MD) To be revised soon also to take into account of Regulation 768/2008/EC to clarify better liability of importers, distributors and Manufacturers Other applicable directives: 2006/95/EC (LVD) (will be superseeded by 2014/35/UE from April 2016) 2004/108/EC (EMC) (will be superseeded by 2014/30/UE from April 2016). All these «product directives» are based on the «new approach» In addition to type-a and type-b available EN standards (most of them ISO EN standards), CEN TC 142 has developed a complete set of 34 type-c harmonised standards specific for most common (tools and dust extraction system included) 14 Includes: Russian Federation, Belarus, and Kazakhstan soon will be extended to: Armenia, Kirghizistan and Tagikistan Safety laws applicable to w.w. w machinery 2013-02-15 entered into force new Technical Regulations: TR CU 004/2011 On safety of low-voltage equipment TR CU 010/2011 On safety of machinery and equipment TR CU 020/2011 On Electromagnetic Compatibility of Technical Devices In progress: merging of national standards into common CU standards adoption of EN type-c standards ( shapers, routers, CNC boringmilling machines, all planers, combined machines, saws, 4 side moulders) 16
2.7 Laws / Standards for w.w. in CHINA 3.1 ISO/TC 39 structure Standardization law of the People s Republic of China (PRC) - 2007 National, Trade, Local ed Enterprise standards National standards may be compulsory (GB) or voluntary (GB/T recommended / GB/Z guides) GB compulsory standards: Based on EN type-c standards (1 st release) with chinese additional peculiarities (eg. noise) for: shapers, routers, CNC boring-milling machines, single end tenoning machines, bench saws, dimension saws, surface/thicknessing planers, 4 side moulders chinese «Woodworking machines safety code» 17 19 2.8 Laws / Standards for w.w. in AUSTRALIA 3.2 ISO/TC 39/SC4 mandate Occupational Health and Safety (Commonwealth Employment) Act 1991 Similar laws adopted in each State supported by codes of practice and guidance notes AS 1473 series volutary standards available covering most of the covered by CEN TC 142 standards based on EN type-c standards (1 st release) with Australian improvements and general re-grouping in 8 standards listed in «Safe use of (guarding)» guidance note 18 20
3.3 ISO/TC 39/SC4 P-members / O-members 3.5 ISO/TC 39/SC4 plenary meetings SC4 Plenary Meetings: March 2012, Frankfurt April 2013, Stuttgart October 2014, Milan (secretariat) October 1 st 2015, Rome TURKEY and CANADA waited soon as P-members!!! 21 Parallel meeting: CEN TC 142 (2015-09-30) SC4 members invited as observers 23 3.4 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WGs 3.6 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG1 activity (1/6) ISO/FDIS 18217 Safety of woodworking machines Edge-banding machines fed by chain(s) 1 st standard developed by WG1 Developed in the form of stand alone standard Provides a full set of safety requirements and measures suitable to fulfil safety requests of worldwide safety laws Developed under Vienna Agreement 22 24
3.6 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG1 activity (2/6) 3.6 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG1 activity (4/6) ISO/DIS 19085-1 Woodworking machines Safety Part 1: Common requirements Basic standard of the new multi-part safety standard for Applied alone represents a safety guide for woodworking machinery Comments from public inquiry (DIS stage) already discussed in Berlin (June 2015) ready to be registered as FDIS ISO/DIS 19085-3 Woodworking machines Safety Part 3: Numerically controlled (NC) boring and routing machines Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard for Comments from public inquiry (DIS stage) to be discussed next week here in Las Vegas Each specific Part (i.e Part 2, 3,..): Same INDEX with clauses that can confirm, supplement or modify corresponding clauses listed in Part 1 To be compared with recently published ANSI O1.1-3 prepared simultaneously with Part 1 (up to part 10). Additional Parts will be developed 25 DIFFERENCES / CRITICAL MATTERS pending!!! 27 3.6 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG1 activity (3/6) 3.6 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG1 activity (5/6) ISO/DIS 19085-2 Woodworking machines Safety Part 2: Horizontal beam panel circular sawing machines Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard Comments from public inquiry (DIS stage) already discussed in Berlin (June 2015) ready to be registered as FDIS ISO/DIS 19085-4 Woodworking machines Safety Part 4: Vertical panel circular sawing machines Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard for DIS ballot with negative vote (May 2015) To be registered again for DIS Ballot after discussion of the already collected comments next week in Las Vegas 26 Already agreed to exclude from the scope Displaceable machines. Exclusion to be extended to machines with the saw unit fix during horizontal cuts (panel manual feeding for horizontal cuts) 28
3.6 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG1 activity (6/6) 3.8 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG2 activity (1/5) ISO/NP 19085-8 Woodworking machines Safety Part 8: Wide belt calibrating and sanding machines ISO/DIS 19085-5 Woodworking machines Safety Part 5: Dimension saws Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard for Draft for CD ballot already prepared in New York (March 2015) CD ballot coming soon Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard for Discussion of comments from public inquiry (DIS stage) next September 28 th -29 th in ROME 29 31 3.7 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG1 future activity 3.8 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG2 activity (2/5) ISO/WD 19085-?? Priority list of new specific Parts to be developed eloped according last SC4 plenary meeting in Milan (October 2014) ISO/CD 19085-6 Woodworking machines Safety Part 6: Single spindle vertical moulding machines ( toupie ) PART 12 - Tenoning / profiling machines PART 13 - Multiblade rip sawing machines with manual loading and/or unloading (gang saws) SHAPERS Specific c standard d of the new multi-part t safety standard d for CD ballot already passed (February 2015) DIS ballot coming soon PART 14 - Four sided planning and moulding machines 30 32
3.8 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG2 activity (3/5) 3.8 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG2 activity (5/5) ISO/CD 19085-7 Woodworking machines Safety Part 7: Surface, thicknessing, combined surface/thicknessing machines Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard for CD ballot already passed (February 2015) DIS ballot coming soon ISO/NP 19085-10 Woodworking machines Safety Part 10: Building site saws (contractor saws) Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard for Draft for CD ballot partially prepared in New York (March 2015) Draft for CD ballot to be completed during next WG2 meeting in Rome (September 2015) 33 35 3.8 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG2 activity (4/5) 3.9 ISO/TC 39/SC4 WG2 future activity ISO/NP 19085-9 Woodworking machines Safety Part 9: Bench saws (with / without sliding table) ISO/WD 19085-?? specific Part to be developed according last SC4 plenary meeting in Milan (October 2014) Specific standard of the new multi-part safety standard for Draft for CD ballot already prepared in New York (March 2015) CD ballot coming soon PART 11 - Combined / combination machines 34 36
4.1 ECODESIGN (1/2) 4.2 ISO 14955 series (1/4) KEY FACTORS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT dealing about environmental evaluation of machine tools under development by ISO TC 39 WG12 37 39 4.1 ECODESIGN (2/2) 4.2 ISO 14955 series (2/4) ECO DESIGN PRINCIPLES apply to ALL SECTORS including MACHINE TOOLS ECO-DESIGN LAWS are in progress all over the WORLD Available in the market a lot of voluntary initiatives iti up to MAIN WOODWORKING MACHINES MANUFACTURES ISO 14955 1 Environmental evaluation of machine tools Design methodology for energy efficient machine tools Already published (May 2014) Under development amendment tamd 1: - SCOPE extended to all machine tools without any limitation to metal working machine tools - Updated definitions - Improved requirements - Updated informative list of possible energy efficiency improvements DIS ballot for Amd 1 coming soon 38 40
4.2 ISO 14955 series (3/4) 4.3 ISO 14955-5 5 (1/4) ISO/CD 14955 2 Environmental evaluation of machine tools Methods for measuring Energy supplied to machine tools and machine tool components Comments collected during CD ballot discussed during WG12 held in Rimini (April 2015) DIS ballot to be started soon Time % for each activity of the operating states Energy consumption for each machine function Energy consumption during a Shift regime 41 ISO/NP 14955 5 Environmental evaluation of machine tools Principles for testing woodworking machine tools with respect to energy efficiency TC/39 SC4 resolved (April 2013): - To ask WG12 to include in the scope of Part 1 w.w. machines - To develop a specific Part 5 specifically related to woodworking machines During TC/39 WG12 meeting in Senlis (June 2014): - both SC4 were requests accepted - it was decided to create a specific Coordination Group (Reines, Salomon, Betti) in order to give as far as possible a common structure to Parts 3, 4, and 5 under development A first draft was prepared by experts from SC4 and presented during last WG12 in Rimini (April 2015) 43 4.2 ISO 14955 series (4/4) 4.3 ISO 14955-5 5 (2/4) ISO/NP 14955 3 Environmental evaluation of machine tools Principles for testing metal-cutting machine tools with respect to energy efficiency Under preparation First Draft will be available for a preliminary discussion for next WG12 meeting in PORTO (first decade of November 2015) ISO/NP 14955 4 Environmental evaluation of machine tools Principles for testing metal-forming machine tools with respect to energy efficiency Comments to NWIP that have been already sent by P-members will be discussed during the next WG12 meeting in PORTO (first decade of November 2015) GOALS For the 13 selected typical woodworking machine tools technologies: 1. Identify and describe significant OPERATING STATES (eg. off, on, stand-by, warm-up, ready for processing, processing) in relation with the status (ON, HOLD, OFF) of machine elements (i.e, mains, machine control, peripheral units, processing units, motion units) 2. Identify and describe significant Energy Flows (eg. electrical, compressed air, contaminated air flow outputs and air exchange) 42 44
4.3 ISO 14955-5 5 (3/4) FUTURE CHALLENGES GOALS (follows) 3. Identify and describe relevant MACHINE ACTIVITIES for each OPERATING STATES (eg. for PROCESSING in a CNC machine: milling, boring, etc.) 4. Identify and describe STANDARD SHIFT REGIMES in terms of duration of each operating state (clustering of operating states allowed) 5. Evaluate and report machine energy consumptions in terms of kwh for electricity, Nm 3 /h for pneumatic air, m 3 /h for contaminated air flow extracted and corresponding air exchange, for: - relevant activities of each operating state - the Standard Shift Regime (in this case should be provided also conventional equivalent kwh consumption) - specific shift regimes defined in agreement with the final user, if any 45 GLOBAL LAWS GLOBAL STANDARDS 47 4.3 ISO 14955-5 5 (4/4) GOALS (follows) 6. Provide an informative list of possible energy efficiency improvements tailored for each of the selected woodworking machines technology ISO 14955 series and in particular PART 5 will provide an UNLOOSABLE CHANGE to define a method to evaluate and report Energy Efficiency of woodworking machines providing as well data/measures to be used as technical base for defining feasable ECODESIGN requirements THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION NWIP to be officially presented and voted next Fall. Italy, Germany, Spain, Austria, UK, Sweeden are expected to support this NWIP. ANSI support and contribution is welcome too!!!!! 46 48