Orange County Sanitation District SP-194 Section 05 Conceptual Design Air Flow Diagram Two options are being analyzed for air distribution and temperature control within the building: Conditioned air shall be supplied via ceiling diffusers. Zone temperature control shall be achieved with VAV boxes. Each VAV box would provide individual temperature control for the area served. Each VAV box shall be equipped with a hot water heating coil to provide heating and to insure a minimum discharge temperature. An alternate solution is being considered for the top two floors of the administration building. The alternative system shall utilize a raised floor with underfloor air distribution. Floor mounted air diffusers would allow manual adjustment of air flow for individuals. Interior areas would be cooling only. The perimeter of the building shall utilize radiant or convective heating. The configuration of the roof mounted air handling units shall be as described above. 05-39
Emergency Operations Center The Administration Building contains an Emergency Operations Center (EOC); an area from where the OCSD can stage and organize personnel during an emergency. This space is not a Designated Critical Operations Area (DCOA). The EOC is not required to resist terrorist threats. This building and the EOC space will be structurally designed for Seismic Zone 4 with Structural Risk Category III. The mechanical system shall be seismically restrained in accordance with these criteria. The reliability of the mechanical system shall be designed to maintain functionality after a seismic event similar to that prescribed for the structural design. The mechanical system for the EOC space shall be designed with redundant equipment or with equipment capable of maintaining operation with individual component failure. Since the entire administration building and the laboratory are not required to be operational during an EOC event, the central plant has redundant capacity during an EOC event. During EOC operation the laboratory building would not be required to be functional beyond its ordinary non-occupied mode. The portion of the administration building identified for EOC operation shall not have a dedicated HVAC system; however, the controls for air handling unit(s) serving this space shall minimize air flow to non-eoc areas during an event. Hazardous Material Spills The HVAC system shall be designed with consideration of a potential hazardous material spill on the nearby freeway. The HVAC system shall incorporate a protect in place function which shall shut down outdoor ventilation air to the administration building while allowing continued space conditioning of the building. Roof mounted equipment enclosures and their associated dampers shall provide very low leakage rates to prevent contaminated air from entering the facility. The protect in place function shall be manually initiated; however, once initiated the building control system shall automatically function in this mode. Due to the potentially hazardous conditions which could be created within the laboratory if its ventilation system is shut down, a multiple step initiation process will be utilized. Activation of the protect in place mode shall close all doors connecting the laboratory to the administration building and the laboratory should be evacuated. Server and IT Rooms The main server room shall utilize floor mounted computer room air conditioning units (CRAC s). Two full capacity units would provide a 2N redundancy of the HVAC system for this room. One unit would be connected to the chiller water system and the second unit would be stand alone unit with DX cooling and an air cooled condenser. THe PCI Systems Development Lab (IT setup room) and the IT distribution rooms (closets) shall have independent cooling systems to allow 24/7 conditioning; however, these rooms will not have redundant cooling units. Laboratory Building The proposed concept for the laboratory building utilizes a dual compartment air handling unit on the roof of the laboratory building to supply air to the entire building. The air supplied to the laboratory will be once through with all the air exhausted. No air shall be recirculated in the laboratory building. The configuration of this air handling unit shall include multiple supply fans, chilled water cooling coils, filtration, and sound attenuators. The dual compartment unit and multiple component design shall provide: Maintenance in one compartment of the unit with the second compartment operational Continued operation of the unit with a component failure. In order to minimize the cost of operation for the laboratory, relief air from the office building will be used to provide a portion of the makeup air for the laboratory. Relief air from the administration building is the ventilation (outside) air introduced into the building to maintain indoor air quality. Some of this relief air is used as makeup air for toilet exhaust, but most of the air is typically relieved to the outside of the building. A central exhaust system shall be provided for the laboratory exhaust. The system shall utilize multiple laboratory style exhaust fans mounted on a common exhaust plenum. The multiple fan configuration provides for continuous system operation while allowing for failure or maintenance of an individual fan. The laboratory exhaust fans shall be designed to introduce a large quantity of dilution air into the exhaust stream and create a high plume. Separate exhaust systems shall be provided where special exhaust streams need to be isolated from the general laboratory exhaust. Fast acting venturi air valves (variable volume) shall be utilized to provide temperature and differential pressure control of the laboratory spaces. These air valves shall be integrated with the laboratory fume hoods to control exhaust based on hood sash position. Air flow to the laboratory will be variable based on exhaust and load requirements; however, minimum air change rates shall be maintained for air quality and safety. Emergency generator backup of the laboratory supply and exhaust air systems shall maintain reduced but safe ventilation levels during power outages including an EOC event. Additional safeguards shall be provided to ensure the building does not become negatively pressurized preventing safe exiting from the building. 05-40
Orange County Sanitation District SP-194 Section 05 Conceptual Design Building Management Control System A Building Management Control System (BMCS) will utilize Direct Digital Control (DDC) technology to monitor and control the building HVAC system. The BMCS will be a web based system allowing local and remote access to the system with use of passwords. The BMCS will optimize the operation of the system in order to minimize the energy use of the building. The BMCS shall start and stop, control equipment speed and capacity and maintain temperature and pressure relationships within the building. Electrical, gas and water meters will be monitored by the BMCS. The data stored shall provide trending and historical use reports. The BMCS shall monitor temperature and other critical alarms with the ability to initiate and transmit alarms. Plumbing Systems The design of the plumbing system will utilize low flush, low flow fixtures to minimize water use. Reclaimed water will be used for the flushing of toilets and urinals. An isolated reclaimed water piping distribution system is required to serve the toilets and urinals. High efficiency condensing type, natural gas fired water heaters will provide domestic hot water for lavatories, showers, and general cleaning. No alternate or backup systems are required for natural gas, water or sewer. Laboratory plumbing systems shall include the following: An isolated industrial water system shall provide cold water for the laboratory functions. A separate set of hot water heaters connected to the industrial water distribution system shall provide hot water for laboratory functions. A reverse osmosis (RO) system shall provide RO water to the lab. A serpentine piping loop through each of the RO water outlets shall be used to maintain continuous movement of the water without any dead (no movement) sections in the system. Emergency eyewash and shower piping distribution shall provide tepid water to the emergency showers and eyewash fixtures. Oil less air compressors with dryers shall provide clean dry compressed air for laboratory functions. Localized distribution piping systems shall be provided for distribution of argon gas in designated laboratories. Acid waste piping and neutralization tanks shall be installed in designated areas. Fire Suppression Systems The building shall be protected with a wet pipe sprinkler system. Wet standpipes shall be provided in each of the building stairwells. A dual connection shall be made to the site s looped water system to provide added reliability. No fire pump is anticipated at this time. A FM200 or similar clean agent fire suppression shall be installed in the main server room and PCI Systems Development Lab. These rooms shall have a pre-action dry sprinkler system. The IT distribution rooms (IT closets) shall be sprinklered with no clean agent fire suppression. Fleet Service Building Offices and conference rooms shall be air conditioned with packaged rooftop air conditioners. Vehicle service areas will not be mechanically air conditioned; however, large diameter ceiling fans will provide air circulation. The building shall have a hot water boiler to provide heating. The system shall be configured to use hot water from the CenGen if feasible. Hot water unit heaters shall be utilized for heating the vehicle service areas. Typically the building will operate with the service doors open providing natural ventilation of the service bays. When the doors are closed during inclement weather or unoccupied hours, powered ventilation systems shall prevent any buildup of hazardous and flammable fumes. Special plumbing systems for the fleet service building shall include: Trench drains connected to a grease interceptor shall be provided for the vehicle maintenance area A compressed air system shall be provided for vehicle service. A piped distribution system shall be provided for distribution of vehicle lubricants and fluids. 05-41
Electrical In addition to the applicable codes, standards and design guidelines identified in the Code Analysis Section of this narrative, the design of the electrical systems will be in conformance with the following: 2013 California Electrical Code 2014 Lightning Protection Code NFPA 780 2013 California Title 24 OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Standards 29 CFR 1910 OSHA Safety and Health Regulations for Construction 29 CFR 1926, Site Power Distribution The existing site is currently served by Southern California Edison (SCE) @ 66kV as well as having cogeneration on site that uses the methane off gases of the digesters to fuel two of three 2500kW 12 kv generators. The third generator is fueled with natural gas and is used for load shedding. These generators are paralleled onto a common bus that both distributes power to the site and is also paralleled with the SCE utility grid. This bus is referred to as the Cen Gen bus. The Normal Power Electric service (supply) to the Administration and Lab building will be provided by connecting to the existing Cen Gen electrical distribution system via redundant 12.4 kv feeders with each feeder capable of carrying the entire load of the building. These will originate from Power Building 3A utilizing existing switchgear. Pad mounted environmentally friendly dielectric fluid transformers with two 15 kv fused load interrupter switches and high temperature, high pressure and low fluid level alarms will be provided. The Administration and Lab building will also have a stand-by power service that is sized to accommodate only the essential loads within the building. This will originate from Power Building 3A and be distributed at 480 V to the facility via underground duct bank. The building will be served from regional site Uninterruptable Power Sources. There will be two redundant sources from two locations, Power Building 3A and Power Building 8. This will be distributed at 480 V to the facility via underground duct bank. Interior Power Distribution General The Administration and Lab main building supply will be configured in a primary radial, secondary selective scheme utilizing a double-ended load center located in the main electrical room. The double-ended load center will consist of a low voltage switchboard section in a main-tie-tie-main configuration with manual and automatic closed transition transfers. The low voltage switchboard will be metal enclosed type with draw-out insulated case main, tie and feeder circuit breakers, control power transformers, power monitoring and surge protection. Main and tie breakers will be electrically operated. Feeder breakers will be manually operated. All breakers will be micro-processor based solid state trip units. To reduce arc-flash hazard, breakers will be capable of being operated remotely, drawn out remotely, and equipped with trip units that are capable of reducing their instantaneous trip settings during maintenance operations. The switchboard will be provided with a rail mounted breaker lifting device. In general the office space, lab equipment and the UPS loads will be connected to one side of the double-ended switchboard, designated as the technical load side. All other loads including motors, variable frequency drives, elevators, ballast, etc. will be connected to the other side of the switchgear, designated as the utility load side. This will help isolate sensitive electronic equipment and improve power quality to the lab equipment when the switchgear is operated with the tie breaker in the normally open condition. To further reduce arc-flash energy, transformer sizes will be limited to 112.5 kva. Building Distribution From the utility side of the switchboard, power will be distributed to 277/480 V utility distribution panels in the main electric room, mechanical distribution panels, and to an alternate energy source interface or future interface location. From the utility distribution panel, feeders will be routed to a lighting distribution panels, an office receptacle distribution panel (via a step-down transformer), mechanical equipment panels in mechanical rooms, and to an automatic transfer switch. From the lighting and receptacle distribution panels, power will be distributed to lighting and receptacle branch circuit panels in distributed electrical rooms to serve the administrative office spaces. Emergency power distribution panels served by the automatic transfer switch will serve the elevator and other essential mechanical equipment serving the EOC and essential lab ventilation. 05-42
Orange County Sanitation District SP-194 Section 05 Conceptual Design Technical Load Power Distribution The technical load can be defined as office space, lab equipment, and the UPS loads. From the designated technical side of the double-ended switchboard, power will be distributed to 277/480 V main distribution panel located in the lab wing. From this distribution panel, power will be distributed to a lab distribution panels in the Lab wing. From each of these distribution panels, power will be distributed down to lab branch panels located on the lab floors. One lab branch panel will be provided for every two lab modules. Essential lab loads with be served by automatic transfer switch. The emergency source of power to the automatic transfer switch will be from the standby generator power load center. Surface mounted raceway will be provided at casework, equipment areas and on overhead service carriers. Additional convenience outlets will be provided throughout the labs. 480Y/277 volt UPS distribution panels will sub feed 208Y/120 volt distribution panels via step down transformers. From these distribution panel feeders will be routed to UPS panels located on each lab floor and to dual redundant A/B UPS panels in the telecommunication sever room. The panels in the distributed telecommunication rooms will be dedicated to telecommunication equipment. Provisions for On-Site Alternative Energy Source Interface To support the project requirement to be NetZero capable, space in the switchgear will be provide to allow for the future inter-connection of on-site alternative energy source(s) to the building power distribution system. Empty conduit will be provided stubbed out to an exterior location for the installation of future alternative energy source interconnection feeders. Emergency/Life Safety Stand-by Power Distribution Life Safety Emergency power for egress lighting, directional exit signs and the fire alarm and mass notification systems will be provided with integral battery packs located within the fixtures and control cabinets themselves. The non-life safety but essential building and lab loads will be served by the stand-by generator power. These loads will be segregated into essential mechanical loads, essential lab loads, and EOC loads with each being served via a separate transfer switch. Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) Power Distribution The Administration and Lab building will be served from regional site Uninterruptable Power Sources. There will be two redundant sources from two locations, Power Building 3A and Power Building 8. This will be distributed at 480 V to the facility via underground duct bank. The UPS system will be provided to improve power quality and to allow for the orderly shutdown of select pieces of lab equipment. UPS power will be provided to select pieces of sensitive lab equipment, select pieces of lab support equipment, and to IT infrastructure equipment. Lab equipment will be limited to equipment where the sudden loss of power would result in a significant disruption to critical schedules, and to those pieces of equipment that are necessary to prevent damage to equipment caused by the sudden loss of power or cooling. 05-43
Estimated Building Loads Initial sizing of electrical service requirement is based on estimated load densities on a per square foot basis. The load densities indicated in the Building Load Estimate are preliminary and will need to be revised as lab equipment and mechanical equipment requirements become more defined. Area Connected VA/ SF Area SF Connected Load (kva) Demand Factor Demand Load Lab/ Office Lighting 1 102000 102 1.25 127.5 Office Receptacle 1.5 77000 115.5 0.5 57.75 Lab Equipment and Receptacle 12 25000 300 1 300 Mechanical 10 102000 1020 0.8 816 Elevator 60 1 60 Misc. 1 102000 102 0.8 81.6 1699.5 kva 1442.85 kva At the current level of design the estimated UPS load is based on load data from the SP-150 Uninterruptable Power System Study and estimated loads for the server/ telecommunication equipment. The total load being relocated to the Administation and Lab building from SP-150 study is 65kVA (approx. 60 kw). Based on the server room having an estimated 20 racks with active equipment at 4kW/rack this would be another 80kW of load. Total UPS load for the building is estimated at 140kW. The preliminary estimate for the generator power requirements is assumed at 30% of the mechanical demand load and 10% of the remaining building load for a total of 300 kva. Power Monitoring The campus s current standard power monitoring is Schneider Square D Ion power monitoring system. It can be assumed for planning purposes that the Administration and lab building will incorporate the same and will be provided with power quality meters located at each main breaker of the double-ended switchgear. The system design will also include energy meters at switchgear feeder breakers and at panels where necessary to capture building lighting loads, mechanical loads, office receptacle loads and lab equipment loads for compliance with LEED EAc5 Measurement and Verification. 05-44
Orange County Sanitation District SP-194 Section 05 Conceptual Design Grounding Electrode System The grounding electrode system will consist of underground metal piping, building steel, concrete encased electrodes, and a direct buried #4/0 bare copper counterpoise with ground rods spaced at approximately 100 FT on center around the perimeter. All underground connections will be exothermically welded. A main ground bus will be located within the main electrical room. All grounding electrodes, service entrance grounding electrode conductors, interior metal piping systems, telecommunication grounds, instrument reference grounds, and the lightning protection system will be connected to this main ground bus. Power System Safety Ground The power system safety grounding will be in accordance with the NEC and IEEE 142 Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems. Sensitive electronic equipment will be grounded in accordance with IEEE 1100 Powering and Grounding Electronic Equipment and FIPS PUB 94 Guidelines on Electrical Power for ADP Installations. A separate green insulated equipment grounding conductor will be provided with all feeder and branch circuits. Instrument Reference Grounding Instrument reference ground buses will be provided in the service corridor at each lab for the purpose of grounding sensitive electronic communication circuits and will serve as the single point ground bus for that lab. This ground bus will be connected directly to the grounding electrode system and to the transformer serving the lab. Telecommunication Grounding A grounding bus compliant with TIA-942 will be provided in the main server room and IT closets. Lightning Protection A complete Faraday type lightning protection system in accordance with NFPA 780 and UL 96A will be provided. Site lighting The exterior lighting system will comply with CA Title 24, IES recommendations, ASHRAE 90.1, and LEED Sustainable Site Credit #8 - Light Pollution Reduction. FC average will be provided in the parking lots with uniformity ratios not exceeding 4:1 max to average and 10:1 max to min. 0.5 FC average will be provided on walkways with uniformity ratios not exceeding 6:1 max to average and 15:1 max to min. Single and double head full cut-off; LED Luminaires mounted on 20 FT poles will be provided. Building mounted exterior lighting will be provided at entrances and exits and at the loading dock. Circuiting and Controls Site lighting including the SP 194 FACILITY parking lot will be circuited to SP 194 FACILITY building panels and controlled by photo cell and time clock and/or the Energy Monitoring and Control Systems (EMCS). Interior Lighting General The interior lighting system will comply with CA Title 24, IES recommendations and ASHRAE 90.1. In general, interior lighting will be provided from LED luminaires with a color temperature of 4000 degree K. percent. Exit signs will be LED type. Down lights and accent lighting if provided will be LED type. Egress and exit lighting will be provided in accordance with NFPA 101 and powered by integral battery packs mounted within the egress and exit fixtures. Illumination levels Illumination levels will be as follows: Laboratories: 50 FC ambient with task lighting at select bench locations Offices: 30 FC ambient Conference rooms: 30 FC Attended support spaces: 30 FC Unattended support spaces: 15 FC Lobby, Corridors, Stairs: 10-15 FC Restrooms: 10-15 FC general with 30 FC at the mirror/ sink area Mechanical/electrical equipment rooms: 15-20 FC Telephone/communication rooms: 50 FC 05-45
In offices and labs, task lighting may be necessary to achieve local task requirements. In mechanical/electrical spaces, fixtures will be located such that above average lighting will be provided in maintenance/inspection areas and lower than average lighting will be provided in circulation areas. Fixture Types Fixture selection will be developed and coordinated with the building design and project requirements. In general the luminaires used will be direct/indirect luminaires and either lay in type where ceilings are provided or pendant mounted in areas with open ceilings. Controls Automatic controls will be provided in all spaces compliant with CA Title 24. Occupancy sensors will be provided in all occupied spaces including enclosed offices, open offices, corridors, restrooms, and in support spaces. Dual technology sensors will be provided except in toilets where ultrasonic sensors will be provided. Utility spaces will be provided with countdown timer switches with blink feature five minutes before off. Dimming will be provided in all conference rooms. Daylight harvesting will be provided at perimeter spaces where natural light is available. Fire Alarm The building is required to be provided with fire alarm and mass notification in accordance with NFPA 72. The systems shall be designed to include only those devices required by the applicable codes and standards so as to minimize the ongoing inspection, testing, and maintenance costs to the Owner. The main fire alarm control unit will be a fully addressable system and match the other systems facilities at the site. Battery backup of 24 hours will be provided, including 15 minutes of alarm operation. A pre-action and FM200 fire suppression system will be provided for the server room. All new fire alarm system devices will be addressable. Information Technology and Data/Communications Communications spaces and pathways shall be built and fit out in accordance with the OCSD Communications Design Guidelines and Standards. The TIA-569-C Standard sets forth design guidance for communications spaces including architectural and environmental requirements. Building Distribution Main Distribution Room (MDF) The MDF shall serves as both the Building Entrance Room (BER) and the Main Equipment Room (MER). This room shall function as a primary source for incoming services and communications connectivity routed from the OCSD campus communications. The room also houses the main telephone equipment serving as the hub of voice cable distribution for the building. Intermediate Distribution Rooms (IDF) Intermediate Distribution Rooms (IDFs) are located one each floor. IDFs will serve as the transition point of between horizontal cabling and the building communications riser cabling system. There shall be one IDF located on each floor to serve all workstations within a 90 meter total distance limit from that room including the up and down transitions. All communications backbone and workstation cabling shall be installed in free standing 19 x7 equipment racks with vertical and horizontal wire management and power outlets. All cabling shall be distributed over head by means of a ceiling supported cable runway system. Grounding and Bonding A Telecommunications Main Ground Bar (TMGB) shall be provided in the MDF in accordance with the TIA-607-B standard. The TMGB shall be bonded to the building main grounding electrode system. A Telecommunications Ground Bar (TGB) shall be installed in each IDF or wall mount cabinet. A telecommunications bonding backbone (TBB) shall be provided in accordance with TIA-607-B. All communications components including but not limited to all racks, cabinets, termination hardware cable trays shall be bonded to the TBB. For full bonding requirements refer to the TIA-607-B. 05-46
Orange County Sanitation District SP-194 Section 05 Conceptual Design Work Area Outlets Work Area Outlets (WAOs) shall be provided at workstations and other points supporting networked equipment. Back boxes with conduits stubbed up to ceiling space will be provided for each outlet location. For areas that do not have ceiling, conduits shall be run to the nearest telecommunication cable tray. WAOs are where end user equipment connects to the horizontal cabling system and in turn the communications network. The pathway and spaces shall be provided to support the installation of WAOs in full compliance with TIA-568-C.2. Conference Rooms and Audio Visual Systems Cabling, pathways and WAOs will be provided to support conference room requirements and AV equipment. Wireless Distribution System (WDS) A wireless distribution system will be provided for full coverage throughout the building. It will include multiple wireless interconnections of access points (WAPs) in an IEEE 802.11 network. The placement and quantity of WAPs will be provided as required to insure full coverage without dead zones. The lighting will include high bay LED luminaires for the vehicle maintenance bays and appropriate LED luminaires in the other areas depending on final ceiling construction. Automatic controls will be provided in all spaces compliant with CA Title 24. Occupancy sensors will be provided in all occupied spaces including enclosed offices, open offices, corridors, restrooms, and in support spaces. Dual technology sensors will be provided except in toilets where ultrasonic sensors will be provided. Utility spaces will be provided with countdown timer switches with blink feature five minutes before off. Over ride functions will be provided for areas where unintentional switching could create a hazardous condition. Daylight harvesting will be provided where natural light is available. Power at 480Y/277 V will be provided to the Fleet Services building from Power Building 4 via underground duct. A 480VY/277 V distribution board will be provided that will supply the 480 V and 277 V loads. A step down transformer and 208Y/120 V panel will be provided for the lower voltage loads. Emergency power is not required. Fleet Services Building The fleet services building will be a high bay type building but with offices, storage and other lower ceiling areas. The current operational plan for this facility is to only provide light vehicle maintenance with no work on fuel systems. The vehicles maintained will be fueled by gasoline, diesel fuel or compressed natural gas (CNG). The electrical system shall be compliant with NFPA 30A and NFPA 70 Article 511 as dictated by the final ventilation configuration and vehicle maintenance operational procedures. Major electrical building loads are lighting, air conditioning for office/conference areas only, and large diameter ceiling fans for ventilation (but no mechanical cooling) of the vehicle service areas. The tool loads will include a compressed air system and also freestanding and bench mounted equipment which includes bench grinders, lathe, drill press, tire changing machines, wheel balancing machine, hydraulic filter crusher and cabinets with miscellaneous tools. There will be other miscellaneous loads including convenience outlets, workstations, computers, and other general use items. 05-47