IOSR Journl of Agriculture nd Veterinry Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-issn: 2319-2380, p-issn: 2319-2372. Volume 7, Issue 5 Ver. III (My. 2014), PP 31-42 Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) Md. Hossen Ali 1, Prosnt Kumr Dsh 2*, Md. Monirul Islm 3, Mhtlt Ahmed 4 nd Trishit Mondl 5 1 (Student, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, Khuln-9208, Bngldesh) 2 (Assistnt Professor, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, Khuln-9208, Bngldesh) 3 (Professor, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, Khuln-9208, Bngldesh) 4 (Professor, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, Khuln-9208, Bngldesh) 5 (Student, Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, Khuln-9208, Bngldesh) Abstrct: A pot experiment ws conducted t Plnt Breeding nd Biotechnology Lbortory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, during the period from October 2012 to My 2013 to study the effect of NPK spry formultion on growth of two cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr sp.). Four spry formultions: control (Tp wter), spry formultion 1 (N:P:K = 90:45:45 or 2:1:1), spry formultion 2 (N:P:K = 135:90:45 or 3:2:1), spry formultion 3 (N:P:K = 180:135:90 or 4:3:2) nd two cultivrs (Mokr Diehrd Red nd Mokr Yellow Anne) were used s tretment vribles. Lyout system ws Completely Rndomized Design (CRD) under fctoril rrngement with three replictions. formultion hd significnt influence on growth of the two cultivrs tested. Significntly highest plnt height ws obtined (39.83 cm) t 290 DAP from Mokr Diehrd Red Vriety with spry formultion 3 compred to other spry formultions. Highest lef re index (0.16) ws obtined from Mokr Diehrd Red Vriety with spry formultion 3 t 290 DAP minly due to incresed number of lef nd totl lef re. Mokr Diehrd Red cultivr with spry formultion 2 enhnced plnt growths nd resulted greter lef number (21.33) nd lef length (26.83 cm) to other cultivrs cultivted. Plnt height s well s other growth prmeters ws grdully incresed due to suitble tretment combintion. Results of the study reveled tht spry formultion 3 would be suitble for Mokr Diehrd Red cultivrs cultivtion under pot condition. Keywords:, Formultion Cultivrs, Growth nd Tretment I. Introduction Orchids re one of the momentous groups of flowering plnts belong to the lrgest nd most multiform fmily Orchidcee. This fmily consists of bout 700-800 gener nd more thn 25,000 species in the world (Singh nd Roy, 2004). Among the flowering plnts, orchids re excellent items for grden nd cn be grown in beds, pots, bskets etc. They re known for their loudly blooms nd re found in diverse hbitts. Orchids re the most fscinting vriety nd beutiful of ll flowers due to its long life, ttrctive structures nd excellent color (Sing nd Voleti, 1995). Orchids hve occupied top position mong the flowering plnts vlued for cut flowers s well s pot plnts. They exhibit n incredible rnge of diversity is in shpe nd size of their flowers. Orchid industry plys n importnt role s source of foreign exchnge. World-trde in floriculture tody hs turned over t bout $ 76, 62,924 involving more thn 150 countries (Mnill nd Sthish, 2008). Orchids vry in their growth hbits. Orchids re divided into two types nmely sympodil nd monopodil on the bsis of their growth hbit (Royer, 2003). Mokr orchids re monopodil type. The monopodil orchids hve indeterminte terminl growth. This type of orchid hve eril root nd hve no pseudo bulb (Hwkeye, 2005). Mokr orchids re inter-genic hybrids of rchnis scocentrum vnd which hve the lrgest number of colors compred to other orchids. It hs n mzing diversity of plnt hbit flower form nd color. It s commonly nmed by the smile orchid. Due to their deliccy nd bright colors with its striking form of strfish, Mokr re populr in wedding bouquets (Ghoshl nd Ds, 2008). Both the plnts nd the blooms vry gretly in shpe nd size, while the colors t the blooms rnge from white through flushes to yellow rose nd to the deepest possible crimson purple. Orchids grow over wide rnges of climtic conditions. Mjority of the cultivted orchids were ntive of tropicl countries nd found humid tropicl forests of south nd Centrl Americ (Chkrbrti, 1999). They re lso distributed through Mexico, Indi, Mynmr, Chin, Thilnd, Mlysi, Philippines nd Austrli (Ro, 2000). Orchids hving flowers of chrming beuty nd good keeping qulities, they re the most wonderful items for indoor decortions (Ptil, 2001). As cut flower nd pot plnts orchids re high demndble items. They re lso in different purposes s frgrnt, glue, medicine, drinks nd flvoring. Orchids re mrketed globlly nd the orchid industry hs contributed substntilly to the economy of mny Asin countries (Lws, 1995). Thilnd is now most importnt centre for 31 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) orchid trde nd exports bout over 100 million dollrs in yer (Singh, 2008). There is scope of lrge scle production of orchid in Bngldesh to meet the demnd of interntionl mrket nd to ern foreign currency through export (Mondl, 2011). Orchids re minly found in Mdhupur (Tngil), Rngmti, Sylhet, Cox s Bzr, Bndrbn, Chittgong nd Hilly res of Bngldesh. Growth fetures re the first concern for better comprehending bout the potentil mood of orchid vriety. The bsic informtion esteems the growth chrcter nd greeble physiologicl trits re the lmost momentous contempltion for orchid cultivtion. Orchid cn not uptke nutrient significntly from root so folir nutrient ppliction is very widespred prctice in orchid cultivtion. Nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium with different concentrtion re commonly used s folir spry. Appliction of spry nutrient contining Nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium (NPK) with different concentrtion vried on the bsis of growth period of plnts. During vegettive period lrge quntities of nitrogen re required while during flowering nitrogen should be reduced nd mount of phosphte incresed. Ure, triple super phosphte nd murte of potsh were used s source of nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium in spry formultion. formultion ws prepred by mixing of ure, triple super phosphte nd murte of potsh. formultion of NPK plys vitl role in the growth of orchid. As the orchid re slow growing, slow relese fertilizer mixtures cn be used to get best result (Hgkl nd Immur, 2007). Orchid should be potted in smll continer ccording to the size of the plnts. It prefers plstic pots which retin moisture longer thn mud pots (Ptil nd Singh, 2003). To be prosperous orchid producer its first concern in to comprehend the growth feture nd deportment of orchid. Literture discloses tht there re few reserch reports in Bngldesh on the effect of NPK spry formultion on growth fetures of orchid. By contemplte mentlly bove fcts nd ground the present study ws ttempted with following objectives: 1. To find out the suitble concentrtion of N, P nd K in spry formultion for proper growth of two Mokr cultivrs. II. Mterils And Methods A pot experiment ws conducted to study the effect of NPK spry formultion on growth of two cultivrs of orchid (Mokr sp.) t net house of Plnt Breeding nd Biotechnology Lbortory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, Khuln during the period from October 2012 to My 2013. 2.1 Experimentl Mteril Two cultivrs of orchid (Mokr sp.) were collected from Dipto orchid nursery, Vluk, Mymensingh in the month of October 2012 nd ge of clone ws bout three months. These clones were seprted from mother plnts nd cultured for eight months with crpenter dust s supporting mterils in plstic pot. 2.2 Experimentl site The experiment ws conducted in the net house of Plnt Breeding nd Biotechnology Lbortory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khuln University, Khuln to determine the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium spry formultions on the growth of orchid (Mokr sp.). 2.3Experimentl Design nd Tretments The experiment ws lid out in fctoril completely rndomized design (CRD) with eight tretments nd three replictions. There were two fctors used in this experiment viz. orchid cultivrs nd spry formultion. In the present experiment two cultivrs of Mokr sp. nd three spry formultions were used long with control where only tp wter ws used. Fctor A: Two orchid cultivrs. Mokr Diehrd Red. b. Mokr Yellow Anne. Plte 1.Mokr Diehrd Red. Plte 2.Mokr Yellow Anne 32 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) Fctor B: Four levels of spry formultion. Control (Tp wter) b. formultion 1 (N:P:K = 90:45:45 or 2:1:1) c. formultion 2 (N:P:K = 135:90:45 or 3:2:1) d. formultion 3 (N:P:K = 180:135:90 or 4:3:2) Thus, the totl number of tretments ws 8 (4 2) nd ech tretment ws replicted 3 times. The experiment ws conducted on 6 inches plstic pot. Plte 3.Prepred NPK spry formultions. 2.4 Nutrient Formultion The spry solution ws prepred by mixing of ure, triple super phosphte nd murte of potsh. Formultion ws prepred by following guide line of BARI, where totl mount of fertilizer to be 700 g/ 172 liters wter ws recommended for use s spry (Snullh, 2001). The formultion used in present reserch contined different rtio of nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium. The rtio of nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium vried over growth period of orchid. The totl mount of nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium rtio required for 8 months ws subdivided in respect of growth period. Subdivision of spry formultion composition Nme of formultion formultion (N : P : K rtio) Control (S 0) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 formultion 1 (S 1) 10:5:5 12:6:6 14:7:7 16:8:8 18:9:9 20:10:10 formultion 2 (S 2) 15:10:5 18:12:6 21:14:7 24:16:8 27:18:9 30:20:10 formultion 3 (S 3) 20:15:10 24:18:12 28:21:14 32:24:16 36:27:18 40:30:20 Percentge of nitrogen, phosphorus nd potssium in ure, triple super phosphte nd murte of potsh is 46.0, 48.0 nd 60.0 respectively. In ech times fresh formultion ws prepred nd spry once weekly with hnd spryer t fternoon. 2.5 Wter Mngement Frequent ppliction of wter is essentil in Orchid cultivtion. In October 2012 Mrch 2013 wtering ws done once per dy nd Februry 2013- My 2013 wtering ws done twice per dy by hnd spryer. 2.6 Shedding As epiphytes most orchids void direct sunlight under nturl condition, orchid prefer dppled shed. For mintining shed hndmde shed ws provided by gunny bgs. 2.7 Plnt Protection Mesures To control Brown rot, Twin 50 WP@20 mg/500 ml ws spryed t intervl of 7 dys tht strted from Mrch 2013, soon fter the ppernce of infesttion. 2.8 Collection of Dt Dt were collected periodiclly during the growing period of orchid. The dt were recorded on the following growth prmeters.. Plnt height b. Stem dimeter c. Number of leves plnt -1 33 Pge
d. Length of leves e. Width of leves f. Lef re g. Totl lef re h. Lef re index i. Number of roots plnt -1 j. Root length k. Root dimeter Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) 2.8.1 Plnt height The height of plnt ws mesured in centimeter from ground level to top of the min stem by mesuring scle t the intervl of 40 dys during the study period. Plte 4. Plnt height 2.8.2 Length of leves Length of leves ws mesured with mesuring scle in centimeter of 5 rndomly selected leves from ech pot t the intervl of 40 dys nd their verge ws clculted nd expressed in centimeter. Plte 5. Length of leves 2.8.3 Width of leves Width of leves ws mesured with mesuring scle in centimeter of 5 rndomly selected leves from ech pot t the intervl of 40 dys nd their verge ws clculted nd expressed in centimeter. Plte 6. Width of leves 2.8.4 Lef re The lef re ws determined by multiplying lef length with lef wide nd expressed in squre centimeter. 2.8.5 Totl lef re Totl lef re ws determined by summtion of ll lef re nd expressed s expressed in squre centimeter. 2.8.6 Lef re index Lef re index is the rtio of lef re to ground re. Lef re index ws determined by dividing individul lef re to individul ground re. Lef re index = 34 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) 2.8.7 Stem dimeter Stem dimeter ws mesured by digitl slide clipers t the middle portion of stem nd expressed in centimeter. Plte 7. Stem dimeter 2.8.8 Root length Root length ws mesured with mesuring scle in centimeter of 5 rndomly selected roots from ech pot t the intervl of 40 dys nd their verge ws clculted nd expressed in centimeter. Plte 8. Root length 2.8.9 Number of roots plnt -1 Number of roots plnt -1 ws mesured by counting mnully ll roots in plnt from ech pot t the intervl of 40 dys. 2.8.10 Root dimeter Root dimeter ws mesured by digitl slide clipers t the middle portion of root nd expressed in centimeter. Plte 9. Root bredth 2.8.11 Number of leves plnt -1 Number of leves plnt -1 ws mesured by counting mnully ll leves in plnt from ech pot t the intervl of 40 dys. 2.9 Sttisticl Anlysis The collected dt for growth prmeters were sttisticlly nlyzed using MSTAT-C pckge progrmmes for vrince (ANOVA) nd men difference ws compred by Duncn s New Multiple Rnge Test (DMRT). Results And Discussion III. The presenttion nd discussion of results obtined from the experiments conducted during the period from October 2012 to My 2013 to study the effect of cultivr nd spry formultion on the growth of two cultivrs of orchid (Mokr sp.). 3.1 Plnt height The plnt height vried significntly between the two cultivrs of orchids nmely MokrDiherd Red (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne (V 2 ) (Tble 1). At 90 DAP, plnt height of MokrDiherd Red (V 1 ) nd Mokr 35 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) Yellow Anne (V 2 ) ws (31.16 nd 27.67 cm), respectively. At 130 DAP, plnt height incresed to (32.67 nd 29.08cm), respectively. Plnt height of MokrDiherd Red (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne (V 2 ) reched t (34.15 nd 30.81cm), respectively fter 170 dys. The mximum plnt height of MokrDiherd Red (V 1 ) ws (37.88 cm) nd the height of Mokr Yellow Anne (V 2 ) ws comprtively lower bout (33.44 cm) t 290 DAP (Tble1). The rte of growth of orchids (Mokr sp.) ffected with spry formultion ppliction. These results greed with the findings of Rjesh (2009). Plnt height incresed progressively with the dvncement of study period. It reveled tht the plnt height of Mokr Yellow Anne incresed rpidly thn MokorDiherd Red. Different tretments of spry formultion hd the significnt effects on plnt height (Tble 2). At 90 DAP, the mximum plnt height (29.75 cm) ws recorded in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (28.58 cm) in control (S 0 ). At 130 nd 170 DAP, the mximum plnt height (33.88 nd 31.73 cm) ws recorded in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (29.33 nd 30.23 cm) in control (S 0 ). At 210 DAP, the mximum plnt height (35.47 cm) ws recorded in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (31.17 cm) in control (S 0 ) (Tble 2). Plnt height incresed due to fertigtion especilly NPK spry formultion during vegettive period noticed by Nik et l. (2006). Plnt height incresed slowly in control nd rpidly in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) which indicted tht different formultion s spry formultion hd significnt effect on plnt height. 3.2 Stem dimeter Cultivrs effect on stem dimeter vried significntly (Tble 1). At 90 DAP, the mximum stem dimeter (1.17 cm) ws found in cultivr Mokr Diehrd Red nd the minimum (0.90 cm) ws found in Mokr Yellow Anne. Stem dimeter incresed grdully due to the psses of growing period nd stem dimeter (1.30 cm) reched in cse of cultivr Mokr Diehrd Red nd (1.11 cm) in cultivr Mokr Yellow Anne t 290 DAP (Tble 1). Kbir (2007) investigted tht the liquid fertilizers hd significnt effect on stem dimeter, which ws similr of my present findings. It concluded tht Mokr Diehrd Red (V 1 ) superior to Mokr Yellow Anne (V 2 ) in respect of stem dimeter. The stem dimeter vried significntly due to the effect of spry formultion (Tble 2). The mximum stem dimeter (1.10 cm) ws found in spry formultion 1 (S 1 ) nd the minimum (0.98 cm) ws found in control (S 0 ) t 90 DAP. It ws grdully incresed nd reched (8 cm) in spry formultion 1 (S 1 ) t 290 DAP (Tble 2). Therefore, mong the spry formultions the spry formultion 1 (S 1 ) ws more effective in respect of stem dimeter t 290 DAP. 3.3 Number of leves plnt -1 Significnt vrition ws found in respect of number of leves plnt -1 (Tble 3). At 90 DAP, the number of leves plnt -1 of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (13.50 nd 10.92), respectively. At 130 nd 170 DAP, the number of leves plnt plnt -1 were (15.33, 12.92) nd (17.33, 15.00) for MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively. Finlly the number of leves plnt plnt -1 ws (23.17 nd 21.58) in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively fter 290 DAP (Tble 3). Sobhn nd Rjeevn (1993) reported tht number of leves is influenced by spry formultion which ws similr of the present findings. MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) produces more number of leves compred to Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ). It might be cultivred impcts on growth of stem. Number of leves plnt plnt -1 vried significntly mong the spry formultions (Tble 4). At 90 DAP, the highest number of leves plnt plnt -1 (12.83) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (11.83) ws found in control (S 0 ) nd spry formultion 1 (S 1 ). With the dvncement of growing period of 130 DAP, the number of leves (14.67) ttined in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (12.83) ws found in control (S 0 ). At 250 DAP, the highest number of leves (21.67) ws in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the lowest (17.00) ws found in control (S 0 ). After 290 DAP, the highest number of leves (24.17) ws in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the lowest (18.33) ws found in control (S 0 ) (Tble 4). Sobhn nd Rjeevn (1993) reported tht number of leves is influenced by spry formultion. Thus number of leves ws reltively lower in control (S 0 ) compred to ll others level of spry formultion. It might be impcts of spry formultion on cultivrs. 3.4 Length of leves Significnt vrition ws found in respect of length of leves (Tble 3 ).The length of leves of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (22.15 nd 19.18 cm), respectively t 90 DAP. At 130 DAP, length of leves of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (22.86 nd 20.23 cm), respectively. At 170 DAP nd 210 DAP the plnts reched (23.83 nd 21.72 cm) nd (24.92 cm nd 22.92 cm) in respect of length of leves in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively. At 290 DAP, the mximum length of leves (26.83 cm) nd the minimum (25.02 cm) were found in Mokr Diehrd Red nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivrs 36 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) (Tble 3). Sobhn nd Rjeevn (1993) reported tht the lengths of leves re influenced by cultivrs. It ws observed during the whole study period tht the length of leves ws reltively higher in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) thn Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ). Therefore, it ws concluded tht MokrDiherd Red (V 1 ) better to Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) in respect of lef length. Length of leves vried significntly with spry formultion (Tble 4). At 90 DAP, the highest length of leves (21.12 cm) ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the lowest (19.97 cm) ws found in control. At 130 DAP, the mximum length of leves (22.25 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (19.97 cm) ws found in control. At 210 DAP, the mximum length of leves (25.28 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (21.52 cm) ws found in control. At 290 DAP, the mximum length of leves (27.45 cm) ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the minimum (22.45 cm) ws found in control (Tble 4). Sobhn nd Rjeevn (1993) reported tht spry formultion influenced on the vegettive chrcteristics of orchid plnt especilly in length of leves. Length of leves incresed t slow rte with the dvncement of study period. In every cse, the lowest lef length ws observed in control nd the highest in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ). Tble 1. Effect of cultivr on plnt height nd stem dimeter Cultivr Plnt height (cm) t DAP Stem dimeter (cm) t DAP MokorDiherd Red 31.16 32.67 34.15 35.46 36.67 37.88 1.17 0 2 4 7 1.30 Mokor Yellow Anne 27.67 29.08 30.81 32.32 33.44 34.77 0.90 0.94 0.98 1.03 1.07 1.11 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** CV% 3.19 2.99 3.01 2.85 2.72 2.55 5.82 5.02 4.66 4.23 3.72 3.49 N. B. **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. Tble 2. Effect of spry formultion on plnt height nd stem dimeter Plnt height (cm) t DAP Stem dimeter(cm) t DAP Formultion 28.5 29.3 30. 31.17 32.0 32.8 0.98 0.9 1.00 1.0 1.0 1.0 Control (S 0) 8 3c 23c d 5c 7d b 8b b 0b 0b 1b formultion 1 (S 1) formultion 2 (S 2) formultion 3 (S 3) 29.7 0 29.6 3 29.7 5 30.9 8b 31.4 7 31.7 3 CV% 3.19 2.99 32. 50b 33. 30 33. 88 33.98 c 34.93 b 35.47 35.1 7b 36.2 5 36.7 7 36.5 2bc 37.5 2b 38.4 2 NS ** ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** 3.0 1 1.10 1.04 1.03 2.85 2.72 2.55 5.82 N. B. In column figures hving similr letters do not differ significntly wheres figures hving dissimilr letters differ significntly s per DMRT, **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, *=significnt t 5% level of probbility, NS = Non Significnt, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. Tble 3. Effect of cultivr on number of leves plnt -1 nd length of leves Cultivr Number of leves plnt -1 t DAP Length of leves (cm) t DAP MokorDiherd Red 13.50 15.33 17.33 19.17 21.33 23.17 22.15 22.86 23.83 24.92 25.68 26.83 Mokor Yellow Anne 10.92 12.92 15.00 16.92 19.08 21.58 19.18 20.23 21.72 22.92 23.97 25.02 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** CV% 6.26 5.96 6.80 7.07 5.80 5.77 3.73 4.24 3.95 3.79 3.53 3.44 N. B.**= significnt t 1% level of probbility, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. 1.1 4 1.0 8 1.0 7 5.0 2 1.17 1.12 1.12 4.66 0 1.1 7 1.1 8 4.2 3 4 1 2 3.7 2 8 6 7 3.4 9 37 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) Tble 4. Effect of spry formultion on number of leves plnt -1 nd length of leves formultion Number of leves plnt -1 t DAP Length of leves (cm) t DAP Control (S 0) 11.83 12.83b 14.67 17.0 18.33 19.97 20.32 20.9 22.4 16.00 21.52d 22.02d c 0d d c d 7d 5d formultion 1 16.33 18.33 21.0 23.00 20.55 21.62 22.6 26.3 11.83 14.33 23.97c 24.97c (S 1) b c 0c c b c 8c 8c formultion 2 16.83 19.00 21.6 24.17 21.12 22.00 23.6 24.92 26.00 27.4 12.33 14.67 (S 2) 7 b b 0b b b 5 formultion 3 16.83 18.83 21.1 24.00 21.03 22.25 23.8 27.4 12.83 14.67 25.28 26.30 (S 3) b 7b 7 3b NS ** ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** CV% 6.26 5.96 6.80 7.07 5.80 5.77 3.73 4.24 3.95 3.79 3.53 3.44 N. B. In column figures hving similr letters do not differ significntly wheres figures hving dissimilr letters differ significntly s per DMRT, *= significnt t 1% level of probbility, *=significnt t 5% level of probbility, NS = Non Significnt, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. 3.5 Width of leves No significnt vrition ws found in respect of width of leves t different dys fter plnting (Tble 5). The width of leves recorded t 90,130,170, 210, 250 nd 290 DAP vried significntly between the cultivrs. The width of leves of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (2.50 nd 2.44 cm), respectively t 90 DAP. At 130 DAP, the width of leves of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (2.57 nd 2.52 cm), respectively. At 170 DAP nd 210 DAP, the plnts terminted t (2.65 nd 2.61 cm) nd (2.73 nd 2.68 cm) in respect of width of leves in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively. At 290 DAP, the width of leves of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (2.90 nd 2.86 cm), respectively (Tble 5). The NPK spry formultion influenced to increse width of leves. It ws observed during the whole study period tht the width of leves ws reltively higher in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) thn Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ). Significnt vrition ws observed in spry formultion (Tble 6). At 90 DAP, the highest width of leves (2.55 cm) ws in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (2.31 cm) ws found in control. At 130 DAP, the mximum width of leves (2.64cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (2.35 cm) ws found in control. At 210 DAP, the mximum width of leves (2.82 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (2.42 cm) ws found in control. At 290 DAP, the mximum width of leves (3.03 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (2.50 cm) ws found in control (Tble 6). Different rtio of spry formultions hd significnt effect on width of leves. Those re greed with the finding of Yin-Tung (2006). Width of leves incresed t slow rte with the dvncement of study period. The NPK spry formultion influenced to incresed width of leves. It ws observed during the whole study period tht width of leves ws reltively higher in spry formultion 3 thn control. 3.6 Lef re The lef re ws significntly vried by cultivrs (Tble 5). At 90 DAP, the lef re of MokrDiherd Red (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne (V 2 ) were (55.54 nd 46.88 cm 2 ), respectively. At 170 DAP, the lef re incresed to (63.27 nd 56.80 cm 2 ), respectively for those two cultivrs. Lef re incresed grdully nd finlly t 290 DAP, lef re reched t (78.34 nd 71.96 cm 2 ) in those two cultivrs, respectively (Tble 5). Lef re vried significntly due to spry formultion (Tble 6). After 90 dys of plnting the mximum verge lef re (53.73 cm 2 ) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (46.68 cm 2 ) ws found in control. At 130 DAP, the mximum lef re (58.64 cm 2 ) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (47.87 cm 2 ) ws found in control. Lef re grdully incresed due to increse of ge of the plnts. Finlly t 290 DAP, the mximum lef re (83.26 cm 2 ) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (55.82 cm 2 ) ws found in control (Tble 6). Sobhn nd Rjeevn (1993) reported tht spry formultion enhnced the growth of the length of leves, number of leves per plnt s well s lef re which ws similr of the present findings. formultion enhnced to increse lef re nd plnt grows vigorously due to bsorbed more nutrients from spry formultion. 3.7 Totl lef re The totl lef re ws significntly vried due to cultivrs (Tble 7). At 90 DAP, the totl lef re of MokrDiherd Red (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne (V 2 ) were (749.35 nd 512.72 cm 2 ), respectively. At 170 DAP, the totl lef re incresed to (1100.96 nd 856.68 cm 2 ), respectively for those two cultivrs studied. Finlly t 290 DAP, totl lef re reched t (1833.21 nd 1584.64 cm 2 ) in those two cultivrs, respectively 38 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) (Tble 7). The mximum totl lef re ws higher in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) thn Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ). It might be higher totl lef re due to higher number of leves per plnt, length of leves nd width of leves in cultivr studied. Significnt vrition ws observed in respect of totl lef re due to spry formultion (Tble 8). After 90 dys fter plnting, the mximum totl lef re (695.38 cm 2 ) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (553.31 cm 2 ) ws found in control. At 130 DAP, the mximum totl lef re (866.59 cm 2 ) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (619.12 cm 2 ) ws found in control. Totl lef re grdully incresed due to chnges of growth period nd finlly t 190 DAP, the mximum totl lef re (1986.745 cm 2 ) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (1036.49 cm 2 ) ws found in control (Tble 8). Fdelh (2007) noticed tht the length of leves, width of leves s well s totl lef re incresed fter sprying of NPK spry formultion t certin intervl which ws similr to present results. Totl lef re ws higher in spry formultion 3 thn control. The possible reson might be tht plnt responds ctively on spry formultion nd fcilitted to increse number of leves per plnt, length of leves nd width of leves nd ultimtely increse of totl lef re. 3.8 Lef re index Lef re index vried significntly between the two cultivrs studied (Tble 9). The lef re index of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (0.05 nd 0.04), respectively t 90 DAP. At 130 DAP, the lef re index of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (0.06 nd 0.05), respectively. At 210, 250 nd 290 DAP, these were (0.10, 0.08, 0.12) nd (0.10, 0.14, 0.12) in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively (Tble 9). Between the two cultivrs the lef re index ws higher in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) thn Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ). It might be higher totl lef re nd lower ground re in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) thn Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) t different dys fter plnting. Significnt vrition ws observed in spry formultion in respect of lef re index (Tble 10). At 90 DAP, the highest lef re index (0.05) ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (0.04) ws found in control nd spry formultion 1 (S 1 ). Lef re index incresed grdully nd t 210 DAP, the highest lef re index (0.10) ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (0.06) ws found in control. Finlly t 290 DAP, the highest (0.15) ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (0.08) ws found in control (Tble 10). Dt reveled tht rte of incresing in lef re index ws more in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) thn control. The vrition in lef re index might occur due to the vrition in totl lef re nd ground re. Tble 5. Effect of cultivr on width of leves nd lef re Cultivr Width of leves (cm) t DAP Lef re (cm 2 ) t DAP MokorDiherd Red 2.50 2.57 2.65 2.73 2.80 2.90 55.54 58.77 63.27 68.15 72.22 78.34 Mokor Yellow Anne 2.44 2.52 2.61 2.68 2.76 2.86 46.88 51.11 56.80 61.10 66.64 71.96 NS NS NS NS NS NS ** ** ** ** ** ** CV% 6.29 6.31 5.60 4.68 3.86 3.82 7.78 8.20 7.69 7.92 6.04 5.99 N. B. **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, NS = Non Significnt, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. Tble 6. Effect of spry formultion on width of leves nd lef re Width of leves (cm) t DAP Lef re (cm 2 ) t DAP formultion Control (S 0) 2.31c 2.35b 2.40b 2.42b 2.46b 2.50b 46.68c 47.87d 50.30d 52.22c 54.26d 55.82d formultion 2.54 2.63 2.73 2.81 2.90 3.02 52.32b 57.02b 61.97bc 67.47b 72.51c 79.85c 1 (S 1) formultion 2.47b 2.55 2.66 2.76 2.85 2.97 52.11b 56.23c 62.77b 67.37b 74.20b 81.68b 2 (S 2) formultion 2.55 2.64 2.73 2.82 2.92 3.03 53.73 58.64 65.10 71.42 76.74 83.26 3 (S 3) * ** ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** CV% 6.29 6.31 5.60 4.68 3.86 3.82 7.78 8.20 7.69 7.92 6.04 5.99 39 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) N. B. In column figures hving similr letters do not differ significntly wheres figures hving dissimilr letters differ significntly s per DMRT, **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, *=significnt t 5% level of probbility, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. Tble 7. Effect of cultivr on totl lef re Cultivr Totl lef re (cm 2 ) t DAP 90 130 170 210 250 290 MokorDiherd Red 749.35 906.04 1100.96 1311.00 1555.73 1833.21 Mokor Yellow Anne 512.72 662.48 856.68 1041.68 1289.16 1584.64 ** ** ** ** ** ** CV% 17 10.72 9.11 8.99 7.78 7.79 N. B. **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. formultion Tble 8. Effect of spry formultion on totl lef re Totl lef re (cm 2 ) t DAP 90 130 170 210 250 290 Control (S 0) 553.31d 619.12d 742.22d 841.04d 928.24d 1036.49d formultion 1 (S 1) 625.44c 822.12bc 1013.50c 1238.04bc 1524.79c 1839.22c formultion 2 (S 2) 650.02b 829.21b 1058.83b 1281.83b 1608.26b 1973.22b formultion 3 (S 3) 695.38 866.59 1100.74 1344.46 1628.48 1986.75 ** ** ** ** ** ** CV% 17 10.72 9.11 8.99 7.78 7.79 N. B. In column figures hving similr letters do not differ significntly wheres figures hving dissimilr letters differ significntly s per DMRT, **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. 3.9 Number of roots plnt -1 Number of roots plnt -1 vried significntly between the two cultivrs (Tble 9). At 90 DAP, the number of roots plnt -1 of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (2.50 nd 2.08), respectively. At 130 DAP nd 170 DAP, the number of roots plnt -1 ws incresed (3.75 nd 3.08) nd (5.33 nd 4.92) in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively. Finlly the number of roots plnt -1 (11.58 nd 10.75) ws found in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively fter 290 dys fter plnting (Tble 9). formultion vried significntly in respect of number of roots plnt -1 (Tble 10). At 90 DAP, the highest number of root plnt -1 (2.50) ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the lowest (2.08) ws found in control. With the dvncement of time, number of roots incresed grdully nd t 250 DAP, the highest number of roots (10.17) ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the lowest (5.33) in control. Finlly fter 290 dys, the highest (12.67) number of roots plnt -1 ws found in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the lowest (7.00) in control (Tble 10). formultion hd significnt effect on number of roots plnt -1. formultion 2 (S 2 ) produced more roots thn control. Possible reson could be tht plnt bsorbed more nutrients from spry formultion nd fcilitte to increse number of roots plnt -1. 3.10 Root length Significnt vrition ws found in respect of root length between two cultivrs (Tble 11). The root length of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (6.56 nd 6.26 cm), respectively t 90 DAP. Root length incresed progressively nd t 170 DAP nd 210 DAP, the plnts noticed the root length (6.75 nd 6.46 cm) nd (6.84 nd 6.56 cm) respectively. Finlly t 290 DAP, the mximum (7.06 cm) nd the minimum (6.80 cm) were found in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively (Tble 11). Therefore, it reveled tht MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) ws superior to Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) in respect of root length. Root length vried significntly due to spry formultion (Tble 12). At 90 DAP, the highest root length (6.92 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (5.77 cm) in control. At 130 DAP, the mximum root length (7.05 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (5.82 cm) in control. Root length increse grdully nd t 250 DAP, the mximum root length (7.37 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (6.02 cm) in control. Finlly t 290 DAP, the mximum root length (7.52 40 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) cm) in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ) nd the minimum (6.08 cm) in control (Tble 12). Root length incresed t slowly with the dvncement of time. In every cse, the lowest root length ws observed in control nd the highest in spry formultion 2 (S 2 ). It might be tht spry formultion ccelerted root growth. 3.11 Root dimeter Cultivrs effect on root dimeter vried significntly (Tble 11). The root dimeter of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (0.54 nd 0.43 cm), respectively t 90 DAP. At 130 DAP, the root dimeter of MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (0.59 nd 0.48 cm), respectively. At 170 DAP nd 210 DAP, the mximum root dimeter (0.64 nd 0.55 cm) nd (0.67 nd 0.60 cm) were found in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ), respectively. Root dimeter incresed grdully nd finlly t 290 DAP the root bredth in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) nd Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) were (7.06 nd 6.80 cm), respectively (Tble 11). It ws observed during the wholes period of the study tht the root dimeter ws reltively higher in MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) thn Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ). Therefore, it concluded tht MokrDiherd Red cultivr (V 1 ) better to Mokr Yellow Anne cultivr (V 2 ) in respect of root dimeter. Root dimeter significntly due to the effect of spry formultion (Tble 12). At 90 DAP, the highest root dimeter (0.50 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the lowest (0.45 cm) in control. At 130 DAP, the mximum root dimeter (0.58 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (0.48 cm) in control. Root dimeter incresed progressively t 250 DAP, the mximum root dimeter (0.65cm) in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (0.50 cm) in control. Finlly t 290 DAP, the mximum root dimeter (0.78 cm) ws found in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ) nd the minimum (0.56 cm) in control (Tble 12). In every cse, the lowest root dimeter ws observed in control nd the highest in spry formultion 3 (S 3 ). Possible reson could be tht spry formultion ccelerted on root growth. Tble 9.Effect of cultivr on lef re index nd number of roots plnt -1 Cultivr Lef re index t DAP Number of roots plnt -1 t DAP MokorDiherd Red 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 2.08 3.08 4.92 6.42 8.17 10.75 Mokor Yellow Anne 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 2.50 3.75 5.33 7.17 9.17 11.58 ** ** ** ** ** ** * * * * * * CV% 13.24 9.69 10.27 9.29 7.92 7.53 23.57 23.14 15.43 13.10 12.46 8.77 N. B.**= significnt t 1% level of probbility, *=significnt t 5% level of probbility, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. Tble 10.Effect of spry formultion on lef re index nd number of roots plnt -1 Lef re index t DAP Number of roots plnt -1 t DAP formultion Control (S 0) 0.04b 0.06 0.05c 0.06c 0.07c 0.08c 2.00c 2.50c 3.33c 4.17d 5.33d 7.00c formultion 0.04b 0.05b 0.07b 0.09b 0.11b 0.14b 2.33b 3.50b 5.50b 7.50bc 9.50bc 12.50b 1 (S 1) formultion 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.15 2.50 3.83 5.83 7.67b 9.67b 12.67 2 (S 2) formultion 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.15 2.33b 3.83 5.83 7.83 10.17 12.50b 3 (S 3) * ** ** ** ** ** NS * ** ** ** ** CV% 13.24 9.69 10.27 9.29 7.92 7.53 23.57 23.14 15.43 13.10 12.46 8.77 N. B. In column figures hving similr letters do not differ significntly wheres figures hving dissimilr letters differ significntly s per DMRT, **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, *=significnt t 5% level of probbility, NS = Non Significnt, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. 41 Pge
Effect of NPK Formultion on Growth of Two Cultivrs of Orchid (Mokr Sp.) Tble 11. Effect of cultivr on root length nd root dimeter Cultivr Root length (cm) t DAP Root dimeter (cm 2 ) t DAP MokrDiherd Red 6.56 6.64 6.75 6.84 6.94 7.06 0.54 0.59 0.64 0.67 0.70 0.74 Mokr Yellow Anne 6.26 6.36 6.46 6.56 6.68 6.80 0.43 0.48 0.55 0.60 0.63 0.68 * * * * NS NS ** ** ** ** ** ** CV% 5.00 5.02 4.90 4.83 4.96 4.80 9.50 9.04 7.92 6.56 6.03 5.52 N. B. **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, *=significnt t 5% level of probbility, NS = Non Significnt, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. Tble 12. Effect of spry formultion on root length nd root dimeter formultion Root length (cm) t DAP Root dimetert (cm 2 ) t DAP Control (S 0) 5.77d 5.82d 5.88d 5.94d 6.02d 6.08d 0.45c 0.48c 0.50c 0.52d 0.55d 0.56c formultion 1 (S 1) 6.28c 6.39c 6.51bc 6.62bc 6.74c 6.88c 0.48b 0.55b 0.61b 0.65bc 0.69bc 0.75b formultion 2 (S 2) 6.67b 6.75b 6.87b 6.98b 7.11b 7.25b 0.48b 0.55b 0.61b 0.66b 0.71b 0.75b formultion 3 (S 3) 6.92 7.05 7.15 7.25 7.37 7.52 0.50 0.58 0.65 0.69 0.73 0.78 ** ** ** ** ** ** NS * ** ** ** ** CV% 5.00 5.02 4.90 4.83 4.96 4.80 9.50 9.04 7.92 6.56 6.03 5.52 N. B. In column figures hving similr letters do not differ significntly wheres figures hving dissimilr letters differ significntly s per DMRT, **= significnt t 1% level of probbility, *=significnt t 5% level of probbility, NS = Non Significnt, DAP = Dys fter Plnting. IV. Conclusion From the bove results it might be concluded tht cultivr nd spry formultion influenced on growth of orchid. The growth of orchid positively influenced by spry formultion 3 with Mokr Diehrd Red cultivr under net house condition in plstic pot. The best combintion of Mokr Diehrd Red cultivr with spry formultion 3 ws found suitble for the growth of orchid t pot condition. Considering the findings of the present study, further studies in the following res my be suggested:this study ws conducted to observe only vegettive growth of two Mokr cultivrs. Further investigtion is needed to find out the efficcy t spry formultion on reproductive stge of Mokr cultivrs. References [1]. A. Sobhn nd P.K. Rjeevn, Performnce of certin epiphytic species in centrl Kerl. Indin Journl of Orchid Society. 7(1&2) 1993: 31-35. [2]. A.A. Fdelh, Field performnce of micropropgtedmokr orchid hybrids. Interntionl Journl of Bioscience, 3(6) 2007: 12-18. [3]. A.D. Hwkeye, Growth behvior of cultivted orchids. In: Commercil Flowers. 34(2) 2005: 65-68. [4]. A.N. Ro, Orchids. In: Plnt Tissue nd Orgn Culture. (Brd Press Pub. Co. Ltd. New York, 2000) 122. [5]. B. Sing nd S.R. Voleti, Reserch nd chievements, Division of floriculture nd lndscping. (Indin Agriculturl Reserch Institute, New Delhi, 1995) 15-17. [6]. F. Singh, Orchids trde nd economic return. Indin Journl of Orchid Society. 5(2) 2008: 28-32. [7]. F.M. Mondl, Orchid cultivtion nd export. 3 edition. (Surovi Pub. Co. Ltd. Dhk, Bngldesh, 2011) 1. [8]. I. Rjesh, Sesonl effect of mcronutrients on the growth nd development of orchid (Mokr sp.) Indin Journl of Ornmentl Horticulture. 13(2) 2009: 87-94. [9]. K.K. Ghoshl nd A. Ds, Florl morphology nd behvior of some cultivted orchids. Journl of Environment nd Ecology, 7(1) 2008: 140-144. [10]. M. Snullh, Orchids (Cultivtion procedure of Dendrobium spp.). (Nilim Printer Pub. Co. Ltd., Dhk, 2001) 9-32. [11]. N. Lws, Cut flowers vs orchid in the world mrket. Interntionl Journl of Floriculture. 5(1) 1995: 10-12. [12]. P. Singh nd S.K. Roy, Regenertion of indigenous orchid of Vnd sp. Plnt Tissue Culture. 14(11) 2004: 55-61. [13]. P.V. Ptil, Orchids of Indi s commercil flowers. 2 edition. (Nyproksh Pub. Co. Ltd. Kolkt, Indi, 2001) 180. [14]. S. Chkrborti, RokomryPhoolChsh. (Nirmol book gency, 89. Mohtm Gndhi Rod, Kolkt,1999)12-14. [15]. S. Mnill nd R. Sthish, Chrcteriztion of crop growth vrible in some selected orchid cultivrs of Assm. Indin Journl of Plnt Physiology. 6(2) 2008: 166-171. [16]. S. Ptil nd R. Singh, Effect of continers on growth nd development of orchid. Journl of Hill Reserch. 12(1) 2003: 63-66. [17]. S.J. Royer, An Orchid hndbook, Michign orchid society. (Jcob Press Pub. Co. Ltd. New York, 2003) 34. [18]. S.K. Nik, D. Brmn nd R.S. Updhyy, Correltion studies on nutrient content of epiphytic orchids nd ssocited substrtum. Journl of Ornmentl Horticulture. 9(2) 2006: 133-135. [19]. T. Kbir, Orchid. 2 edition. (ShilpTruprokshni, 27110, Timhl rod, block-c, Muhmmmdpur, Dhk-1207, 2007) 22-26. [20]. W. Yin-Tung, Ymmoto Dendrobium sp. Web (URL) ddress: www.ymmoto dendro biums.com, 2006. Accessed on Jnury 2013. [21]. Y. Hgkl nd J.S. Immur, NPK requirements of Vnd miss joquin orchid plnts. M. Sc. Thesis deprtment of horticulture, Hwii institute of tropicl griculture nd humn resources, university of Hwii, 2007: 34-36. 42 Pge