Fire Extinguisher Eti ih / Prevention By Contra Costa Water District Nov. 2012 Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 1
Types of Fires The Fire Triangle Fire Safety How to Use Fire Extinguishers Hot Work Course Outline Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 2
Four Classes of Fires DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 3
For Fires to Exist the following four elements must be present at the same time. Enough oxygen to sustain combustion Enough heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature Some sort of fuel or combustible material The chemical reaction is Oxygen + Heat + Fuel = FIRE Remove any one, no fire Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 4
Fire Safety Most fire fatalities and injuries in the U.S. occur in the victim s own home Two thirds of all home fire victims die of smoke inhalation, poisonous gases, or lack of oxygen; not severe burns Cookingis is theleading cause ofallresidential fires andfire injuries Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 5
Fire Safety Continued Heating equipment is the second leading cause of residential fires More than 40% of fatal home cooking fires occur while the victim(s) are sleeping Careless use ofsmoking materials is the leading cause ofresidential fires that result in death Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 6
How to Survive a Fire Don t get trapped Fire Sft Safety Continued Cover your mouth and nose with a damp cloth (when possible) Keep low to the floor Don t hide Be determined to survive If clothes catch fire: Stop, Drop and Roll Once outofthe of the building, NEVER RETURN! DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 7
At Home Fire Safety Continued Properly place smoke and CO detectors outside each sleeping area and on every floor Home fire extinguisher Home exit plan Water heater/furnace safety inspection Properly store flammables Call 911 in an Emergency Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 8
General Fire Safety at CCWD 1. Ensure good housekeeping is maintained, keeping work areas clean 2. Operate and maintain all electrical circuits so they do not become overloaded 3. Use only electric space heaters that have: a. A safety device that shuts the unit off if the device topples over or overheats b. Adequate power ersupply circuitry itr to handle the space heater s electrical needs 4. Keep fire exits and escape routes clear and well marked 5. Know the evacuation routes from your work area. Know where alarm boxes are located Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 9
Stores and Maintenance Activities Fire Safety at CCWD Continued Store flammable materials in approved safety cans and/or cabinets For indoor locations, keep large amounts (more than 10 gallons of flammable liquid) in a flammable liquids cabinet Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 10
Fire Safety at CCWD Continued Gas Can Hazard: Filling gas can in pickup truck with plastic bed liner. Safe Practice: Use only approved gas cans, and: Always place gas can ongroundbeforerefueling refueling Touch can with gas dispenser nozzle before removing can lid Keep gas dispenser nozzle in contact with can inlet when filling Secure propane heaters to prevent them from tipping over. Remove the torch from propane cylinders prior to storage Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 11
Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 12 DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM
Sound the fire alarm and call 911 Using a FireExtinguisher DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM The following steps should be followed when responding to incipient stage fire*: Select a safe evacuation path before approaching the fire, do not allow the heat, smoke, or fire come between you and the evacuation path Discharge thefire extinguisher withits its appropriate range using thep.a.s.s. technique (Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep) Back away from an extinguished fire in case it flames up Evacuate immediately if thefire extinguisher is emptyandthefire the is notyet out Evacuate immediately if the fire progresses passed the incipient stage. While in the process of evacuating double checking letting others aware of the fire taking place * Incipient stage fire: The fire is limited to the original material ignited, it is contained (such as in a waste basket) and has not spread to other materials. The flames are no higher than the firefighter's head. Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 13
Portable fire extinguishers apply an extinguishing agentthatwill that either Cool burning fuel Displace or remove oxygen How Fire Extinguishers Eti ih Work Stop the chemical reaction so a fire cannot continue to burn When the handle of an extinguisher is compressed, it opens an inner canister of high pressure gas that forces the extinguishing agentfromthemain the main cylinder through a siphon tube and out the nozzle DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 14
For a fire extinguisher to be effective...the following conditions must be met The extinguisher must be right for the type of fire It must be located where it can be easily reached It must be in good working order The fire must be discovered while it is still small The person using the extinguisher must be trained to use it properly Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 15
Pull Aim Squeeze Sweep Following the PA P.A.S.S SSTechnique Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 16
Following the P.A.S.S. Technique Pull Pull the pin. This will also break the tamper seal Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 17
Following the PA P.A.S.S. SS Technique DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM Aim Aim low, pointing the extinguisher nozzle (or its horn or hoses) at the base of the fire Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 18
Following the P.A.S.S. Technique Squeeze Squeeze the handle so that it will release the extinguishing agent Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 19
Following the PA P.A.S.S. SS Technique DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM Sweep Sweep from side to side at the base of the fire until the extinguisher is completely empty assuring that the fire is out Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 20
Hot Work Maintain a fire watch when open flames, sparks, or smoke are present Keep a fire extinguisher available when welding/cutting, grinding or conducting other hot work If grinding or welding near dry vegetation, always wet down the vegetation at least 35 feet around and 75 feet downwind of the work site Maintain a fire watch for 30 minutes after hot work or weed abatement activities are completed at areas with a high wildfire risk Whenever possible in areas with a high wildfire risk, avoid driving on tall grass to prevent fires caused by hot catalytic converters DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 21
Hot twork kcontinued Obtain a hot work permit from your supervisor before performing hotwork outsideof of maintenance shopsat CCWD Maintain a fire watch for 60 minutes after hot work is completed under a permit. Re check the work area three hours after hot work is completed under a permit DISTRICT SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAM Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 22
Los Vaqueros Watershed Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 23
Video Clip Fire Extinguisher / Prevention Page 24