Timothy H. Haahs PE, AIA April 20, 2010 Shifting Paradigms Urban Planning and Town Center Development in the United States Urban Life "The street is the river of life."
Trends / 국민일보 2010 년 3 월 1 일자발췌 Robert Charles Lesser & Co. Demographic Shifts and Housing Demand Robert Charles Lesser & Co.
Focus on Walkability Robert Charles Lesser & Co. Focus on Walkability Robert Charles Lesser & Co.
Demand for Walkability and Mixed-Use Changing Trends in the US Growing influence on metropolitan regions More than 600 new towns, villages, and neighborhoods following new urbanism principles planned or under construction. Hundreds of new, small-scale, urban and suburban infill projects under way to re-establish walkable streets and blocks In the mid-1990s, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) adopted the principles of the new urbanism in its multi-billion dollar program to rebuild public housing projects nationwide
What does this mean for planning? Decrease urban sprawl, traffic congestion Rise of Smart Growth concepts and Transit-Oriented Development Recreate/revitalize vibrant spaces characterized by people, activity, pedestrian scale vitality Integration (Mixed-use) Parking an essential component for success Factors Driving Urban Development Security Gas Prices Tolerance of Ethnic Diversity Tolerance of Social Economic Disparity Globalization Convenience Sense of Place Sustainability Demographics
Suburban Sprawl Colorado Springs Calgary Paris Melbourne Vertical Sprawl
Trends The Old is New Again
Self-Sustaining Communities Zoning Driven Development Fractured Development
Framing the Problem Traffic congestion carbon emissions Infrastructure (Roadways and parking) Streets having no life How can we REVITALIZE our cities, create PEOPLE PLACES, and reduce our environmental impact?
Cell Concept Development Benefits of Self-Sustaining Communities Fractured Development 2500 spaces for housing 2500 spaces for office 2500 spaces for retail 2500 additional spaces for complementary uses 10,000 spaces required Cell Approach Apply minimum 20 to 25% reduction in parking required 2,500 spaces eliminated $40,000 cost per space $100,000,000 saved Massive Environmental Benefits Reduce CO2 emissions Reduce traffic congestion Improvements to human health
What are Self-Sustaining Communities? Cell Concepts Mixed-use town centers Active and walkable developments Integration of housing, retail, office, education, cultural, and religious destinations Communities capable of sustaining themselves without outside support Replicable framework Development Principles Reduce auto dependency Reduce traffic congestion, pollution, carbon emissions, and commuting time Reduce infrastructure: roadways and parking Create walkable streets and healthier, livable places
Desired life style Greenways, Street life Less time spent in/on vehicles Adaptive reuse Urban infill Diversity Entertainment infrastructure ex: roller/ice skating Close proximity of residential to services, conveniences, attractions One of the critical elements of successful Mixed-use center is PARKING ULI August 2008
Design Guidelines Security Foot-Traffic Sense of Place Security By 2012, the percentage of female to male in US colleges: 58: 42 Source: US DOE Presently 80% of US students drive Source: Youth/Harris interactive College Explorer Survey By 2025, the ratio of women to men in the workforce: 2:1 Source: The Extreme Future
Security Grand Island, Florida Total Underground parking area: 444,000 sq. ft. Grand Island, Florida
Grand Island, Florida Cost Implications Basement Garage Cost of Garage 1200 spaces @ $30,000 = $ 36.0 M Cost of Platform (including parking) 444,000 sq. ft @ $90 = $ 40.0 M Above Grade Garage Cost of Garage 1500 spaces @ $26,000 = $ 39.0 M Cost of slab on grade 200 spaces @ $5000 = $ 1.0 M Total: $ 76.0 M Total: $ 40.0 M The Difference is $36.0 M
CASE STUDIES: Annapolis Towne Centre Reston Town Center Rahway Town Center City of Sharjah, UAE CASE STUDY - Annapolis Towne Centre - Reston Town Center - Rahway Town Center - City of Sharjah, UAE Annapolis Towne Centre CASE STUDY 1
Annapolis Towne Centre CASE STUDY 1 Annapolis Towne Centre
Annapolis Towne Centre Annapolis Towne Centre
Annapolis Towne Centre Annapolis Towne Centre Project Data Site Area (Hectares) - 35 Acres (14) Building Area, Gross Sft (SM): Office 109,000 (10,100) Residential 646 Units Retail 624,400 (58,000) Hotel 200 Rooms Parking 2,200 Spaces
Annapolis Towne Centre Reducing Vehicular Traffic Creating People Places Project Data Site Area (Hectares) - 85 Acres (34.3) Building Area, Gross Sft (SM): Office 530,000 (49,239) Residential (Rental, Condo) 4,058 Units Retail 315,000 (2,920) Stores: 61 Restaurants: 29 Hotel 1,000 Rooms Parking 7,014 Spaces Reston Town Center CASE STUDY 2
Reston Town Center Reston Town Center
Reston Town Center Reston Town Center Live, Work and Play! Mixed-Use Housing Offices Civic Events
Reston Town Center Reston Town Center xxxxxxx
Project Data Site Area (Hectares) 14.5 Acres (5.86) Building Area, Gross Sft (SM): Office 109,000 (10,100) Residential (Rental, Condo, Townhouse) 275 Units Retail 175,000 (16,000) Stores: 61 Hotel 125 Rooms Parking 1,302 Spaces Rahway Town Center CASE STUDY 3 Rahway Town Center
Rahway Town Center Rahway Town Center
Rahway Town Center The Municipality of Sharjah E CASDY STU 4
The Municipality of Sharjah Site The Municipality of Sharjah Reached parking and traffic crisis Lack of adequate infrastructure to support continued residential development
Creating People Places The Municipality of Sharjah The Vision: Streetscape, Walkability and City Beautification Sharjah Planning Study Improving quality of life Transforming outdated and impeding policies Relieving parking chaos Integrating activity and mixed-use Creating community
Sharjah Planning Study Sharjah Planning Study
Sharjah Planning Study Section Diagram Sharjah Planning Study
Sharjah Planning Study Relief from parking chaos the Parking Oasis Sharjah Planning Study Program Analysis/Mixed-Use development Off-street Incentives for Surface Parking Comprehensive Parking Management Supply/Demand and Shared-use Analysis
Sharjah Planning Study Current Parking Supply Current Parking Adequacy Shared-Use Analysis Sharjah Planning Study
Sharjah Planning Study Sharjah Planning Study
Sharjah Planning Study Sharjah Planning Study
Planning Concepts to support Desired life style It is all about life style! Abu Dhabi Urban Structure
Abu Dhabi Urban Structure Conceptual design of the Capital District looking Southeast Abu Dhabi Urban Structure
Florida International University Florida International University
Florida International University
Master Planning Strategies with Parking in Mind Plan early for parking Connect with the community Retail/Housing/Restaurants Sustainable design Anticipate future development needs Convenience and efficiency for patients Identify creative financing strategies Create a sense of place Rahway Town Center
New Urbanism on the rise Goal to reform real estate development Urban retrofits to suburban infill Diverse range of housing Walkable Reinvents old urbanism Pre-automobile Integrates New Pedestrianism Pedestrian oriented urban design Congress of New Urbanism (CNU) More than 3000 members Leader in promoting new urbanist principles
Security Grand Island, Florida Total Underground parking area: 444,000 sq. ft. Grand Island, Florida
Grand Island, Florida Street & Public Space Life
Megapolitan America 100 Million new people in the U.S. by 2040 Robert Charles Lesser & Co. Accessibility to Transit Robert Charles Lesser & Co.
Walkable Housing Choices Robert Charles Lesser & Co. Smart Growth Robert Charles Lesser & Co.
Demand for Density Smart Growth Premium? Robert Charles Lesser & Co.
Gas Prices The era of cheap oil is over In 2015 oil hits $300 a barrel Gas Prices Annual petroleum use per capita adjusted to US Mj(1980) After Andrew Wright Associates, small section taken from Toward an Urban renaissance, Urban Task Force Partnership, 1999. DERT, 1999
Gas Prices P Newman, JR Kenworthy; Gasoline consumption and cities: a comparison of US cities with a global survey, Journal of the American Planning Association, 1989 Gas Prices Susan Donovan, Graph based on data from Transportation for Livable Cities By Vukan R. Vuchic page. 76. 1999
Tolerance of Ethnic Diversity The 105 million people immigration will add to the population by 2060 is more than all of the population growth that occurred in the United States in the first 130 years of the nations history US Average 1970 one in 21 1980 one in 16 1990 one in 13 Today one in 8 2060 one in 4 Atlanta Metro with population of 5,626,400 has 612,000 immigrants. That s 1 in 9. Source: Center for Immigration Studies Globalization
Summary Security if done right creates more foot traffic Gas Prices car is no longer an everyday necessity More tolerance living with people of ethnic diversity More tolerance living among people with social and economic disparity Convenience it s all about convenience Globalization Fusion is in and will be a part of the American fabric that shapes our real estate decisions Trends
Trends Germany s garage in the sky lifts owner s car up to the penthouse Safe as houses: a lift takes the vehicle into the loft-style apartment where it is parked in the conservatory Cell Development Principles Principal of New Urbanism Sustainable design Creating self-sustaining communities replicable framework transform new development retrofit existing urban and suburban nodes
Cost Implications Basement Garage Cost of Garage 1200 spaces @ $20,000 = $ 24.0 M Cost of Platform (including parking) 444,000 sq. ft @ $70 = $ 31.0 M Above Grade Garage Cost of Garage 1500 spaces @ $26,000 = $ 39.0 M Cost of slab on grade 200 spaces @ $5000 = $ 1.0 M Total: $ 55.0 M Total: $ 40.0 M The Difference is $15.0 M