Up, Up, and Away. Sevy Burkart. 5 th Grade. Mrs. Locke

Transcription

1 Up, Up, and Away Sevy Burkart 5 th Grade Mrs. Locke May 24 TH 2013

2 Table of Contents Purpose... 2 Experimental Method... 3 Outline... 4 Background Information... 5 Results... 8 Biblical Application... 9 Conclusion Bibliography

3 Purpose Up, Up, and Away Research Question: At what temperature/time will Hot Air Balloon rise to 20 feet fastest? Hypothesis: The hot air balloon will rise faster at cold/morning. 2

4 Controls/Variables Experimental Method Variables Temperature/Time of Day Controls Length of string Wind speed and direction Hot Air Balloon Weather Conditions Materials 9 Mini Hot Air Balloons 100ft. string U-Shaped string securer Lighter Timer Fire extinguisher Procedure 1. Go to a non-flammable area for a good launch (bring fire extinguisher in case of fire). 2. Cut a 20 foot string. 3. Tether one side to the u-shaped securer and one to the hot air balloon. 4. Light the hot air balloon and let it go from the ground and start the timer. 5. When the string has tension and is pulled tight stop the timer. 6. Began the descent. 7. Repeat this 3x at different times 3

5 Outline I. Introduction A. Hot air balloons are very interesting and what effects them. II. Hot Air Balloon History and Facts A. Inventing hot air balloons B. Amazing flights C. Hot air balloon facts III. Air Physics A. Volume of air B. Weight of air IV. Parts and Operating Systems of Hot Air Balloons A. Parts of hot air balloons and how to operate them V. Conclusion A. Hot air balloons will start cleaner better ways of travel 4

6 Background Information Hot air balloons fly high above our heads, but what effects there ascend rate. On this report I will explain there facts and history, the physics which play a big part, how they fly and there operating systems, and how they will make travel cleaner. These facts all play important parts in the hot air balloon s flight. These machines have come a ways even if it does not look like it. Hot air balloons are so interesting and what effects them. Hot air balloon history and facts. In 1783 French Brothers Joseph Montgolfier and Jacques Montgolfier made the first Hot air balloon. These brothers got their idea from seeing a shirt rise above a fire. They began making a hot air balloon out of light cloth. The first passengers above in a hot air balloon where a rooster, sheep, and a duck. This flight covered more the 1.5 miles for around 8 minutes and its maxim height was 6.6 feet off the ground. This event happened in September This marks one of the greatest advents of all time. Another big hot air balloon event is the longest flight recorded this flight went from Japan to northern Canada. Now for some fun, and rising facts. Did you know that birds fly by riding on warm air rising up from the ground. Hot air balloons are very dangers. If the pilot does not fly in the right conditions the balloon may burst. Air physics are some times very interesting. For example it may not seem to you air does not have a weight or volume but it does. When air molecules meet heat they expand and begin to move faster. When air cools the molecules begin to contract and slow down. Air is made of many molecules because of this there is a certain force called air resistance. When something moves and then collides with the molecules it slows as if going through a liquid. Larger shapes 5

7 have more air resistance such as a cardboard square compared to a cone.. This force makes a parachutes go slower. Many scientist study aerodynamics of shapes which is trying to find what is not affected by air resistance. They try to make faster travel. Air has volume but it spreads to any space available. These are basic air physics. There are many controls to hot air balloons. A hot air balloon has a single layer of fabric gas lifting balloon. At the bottom of this balloon is a small opening called the mouth or throught. Then the balloon is coated with a sealer this makes it so air cannot go through its fabric. At the top of almost any hot air balloon is some sort of vent this system makes it so the pilot can lower the hot air balloon. The most common type of vent is the parachute vent. This is a disk of flat fabric that can be opened or closed. The most common balloon shape is the traditional tear-drop shape. The basket is where the pilot and passengers stand or sit. It is usually made of woven wicker or ratten. These baskets must be light and durable for the flight. Some baskets have even been known to be out of aluminum. These types of baskets are usually used for landing without a ground crew. The burner is a very big part of the operating systems. This part turns liquid propane into gas, adds air, and then ignites toward the balloons mouth. A regular burner can produce 2 to 3 MW of heat. The pilot ignites the burner by opening a propane valve, this valve is known as the Blast valve. For balloons with more than one burner, the pilot can operate two at the same time for the amount of heat needed. The burner is suspended over the basket under the mouth of the balloon. Burners may be mounted on a gimbal so the pilot can aim the flame. A second propane valve may be on board. This valve can release propane much slower than the Blast valve. This valve makes a different sound Earning it the name the whisper valve. Whisper valves are normally used when wanting a slower climb or 6

8 when over livestock so the balloon does not scare them. The propane fuel tanks are inside the basket; these are usually made of aluminum, stainless steel, and titanium. Instruments for the flight are also needed on board. These consist of a altimeter to tell the altitude of the balloon, a variameter the climbing speed of the balloon, a thermometer, and GPS. These are the operating systems and how to operate them. I believe hot air balloons have a huge future. I think they will provide cleaner ways to travel and be amazed. These magnificent machines will fly high. They will provide much, much better ways to travel. I think hot air balloons are going to help the future. 7

9 Flight Duration Results Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average Tempature Observations My observations for this report where quite seeable. I saw that at morning the balloons where easier to get off the ground. Some of the afternoon launches took very long to just get them to float. We also saw that once the balloons where on their way in the morning they rose better. 8

10 Biblical Application Judges 13:20 As the flame blazed up from the altar toward heaven, the angel of the Lord ascended in the flame. Seeing this, Manoah and his wife fell with their faces to the ground. This verse is very good for my topic because like a hot air balloon God ascended into heaven. He calls us to believe in Him and ascend into heaven with Him. There in His kingdom we can spend eternality with Him. This is why he need to believe in Him. Remember God always ascends into heaven. 9

11 Conclusion My result of my experiment where..morning/cold was the fastest! This is means that cold air is much lighter than warm air. The molecules in cold air are closer together making it heavier; where in warm molecules are much farther apart making it lighter. This allows a enclosed balloon of warm air is lighter than the surrounding air allowing it to rise. So is concludes that in cold air a hot air balloon will rise the fastest. How could I extend and alter it? Well it probably would be much better in a real, life size hot air balloon. It might be extended more by letting it loose in open air rather than in a ware house. One other extended or alter would be an interview of a hot air balloon pilot. This was great fun and I hope you like this report as much as I did making it. 10

12 Bibliography "Hot Air Balloon Physics." Real Worls Physics. < "Hot air balloon." Wikipedia. 16 May Wikimedia Foundation. 22 May 2013 < Lauw, Darlene, and Cheng Puay. Lim. Air. New York: Crabtree Pub., "Science behind Hot Air Balloons." Science behind Hot Air Balloons. 22 May 2013 < 11