Information on IAPMO Codes and Standards Development

Transcription

1 Information on IAPMO Codes and Standards Development 1. Applicable Regulations. The primary rules governing the processing of the Uniform Solar Energy & Hydronics Code and Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code are the IAPMO Regulations Governing Consensus Development. Other applicable rules include Technical Meeting Convention Rules, and Guide for the Conduct of Participants in the IAPMO Codes and Standards Development Process. For copies of these documents, contact the Code Development Department at IAPMO World Headquarters at 4755 E. Philadelphia Street, Ontario, CA USA, or at These documents are also available at the IAPMO website at The following is general information on the IAPMO process. All participants, however, should refer to the actual rules and regulations for a full understanding of this process and for the criteria that govern participation. 2. Technical Committee Report (TCR). The Technical Committee Report is defined as the Report of the Technical Committee, consisting of the Report on Proposals (ROP), as modified by the Report on Comments (ROC), published by the Association. 3. Report on Proposals (ROP). The ROP is defined as a report to the Association on the actions taken by Technical Committees, accompanied by a ballot statement and one or more proposals on text for a new Document or to amend an existing Document. The ROP and the ROC together comprise the Technical Committee Report. Anyone who does not pursue an issue, either in person or by designated representative in accordance with Section 7. (Public review and Comment of the Regulations Governing Consensus Development), as a proposed amendment of the Report on Proposals will be considered as having their objection resolved. 4. Report on Comments (ROC). The ROC is defined as a report to the Association on the actions taken by Technical Committees, accompanied by a ballot statement and one or more comments resulting from public review of the Report on Proposals (ROP). The ROP and the ROC together constitute the Technical Committee Report. Anyone who does not pursue an issue, either in person or by designated representative in accordance with Section 8. (Public review and Comment of the Regulations Governing Consensus Development), as a proposed amendment of the Report on Comments will be considered as having their objection resolved. 5. Appeals. Anyone can appeal to the Executive Committee concerning procedural or substantive matters related to the development, content, or issuance of any Document of the Association or on matters within the purview of the authority of the Committee. Such appeals must be in written form and filed with the Secretariat (see 9. of the Regulations Governing Consensus Development). Time constraints for filing an appeal must be in accordance with Section 9.. Objections are deemed to be resolved if not pursued at this level. 6. Document Issuance. The USEHC/USPSHTC Executive Committee is the issuer of the Uniform Solar Energy & Hydronics Code and Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code. The committee acts on the issuance of a Document within sixty days from the date of the recommendation from the ROC Technical Committee Meeting, unless this period is extended by the Executive Committee.

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3 To: IAPMO Members and Other Interested Parties Date: February 214 Enclosed is your 214 Report on Proposals (ROP). These proposals were presented to the Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot Tub Code Technical Committee who met in Ontario, California on October 28, 213. Lynne Simnick Recording Secretary IAPMO Executive Committee Arnold Rodio Chairman Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot Tub Code TC All comments for consideration by the Technical Committee should be submitted to IAPMO by June 2, 214. On October 28, 214, the Technical Committee will consider all the comments received in response to the actions contained within the ROP for the Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot Tub Code (USPSHTC) and will vote on whether to modify any of their previous actions. Jim Kendzel Chairman Solar Energy & Hydronics Code TC Following the ROP is a preprint of the USPSHTC, as it would appear in the event that all of the proposals accepted by the USPSHTC Technical Committee in October 213 are ultimately approved for inclusion in the final version of the 215 edition of the Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot Tube Code. This preprint is provided to you as a courtesy. All changes are tentative and subject to revision. This document is not to be considered the final version of the 215 Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot Tub Code. Specific authorization from IAPMO is required for replication or quotation. Ph: Fax: International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials 51 East Philadelphia Street Ontario, California USA

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5 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA & HOT TUB CODE COMMITTEE (As of 9/6/13) ME REPRESENTATION CLASSIFICATION Arnold Rodio, Chairman Pace Setter Plumbing (Lancaster, CA) Labor Beth Hamil DEL Industries, Inc. (DBA DEL Zone) San Luis Obispo, CA Manufacturer Jasen Kunz Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) Atlanta, GA Consumer Janina Jarvis Disneyland Resort (Anaheim, CA) User Larry McDaniel Alison Osinski, Ph.D Maria Bella Knott s Berry Farm (Buena Park, CA) Aquatic Consulting Services (Avalon, CA) Professional Pool Solutions (Reading, PA) Installer/Maintainer Special Expert Special Expert Franceen Gonzales Great Wolf Resorts Special Expert Jim Nichol San Bernardino County Public Health (San Bernardino, CA) Enforcing Authority Kevin Shear City of Ontario (Ontario, CA) Enforcing Authority Jim Dingman Richard Martin Matt Sigler Underwriters Laboratories (Northbrook, IL) NSF International (Ann Arbor, MI) IAPMO Staff Research/Standards/ Testing Laboratory Research/Standards/ Testing Laboratory

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7 FORM FOR COMMENTS ON IAPMO USPSHTC/USEHC COMMITTEE DOCUMENTS-212 NOTE: All Comments MUST be received by 5: PM PST on June 2, 214 PLEASE USE SEPARATE FORM FOR EACH COMMENT Forms to be submitted electronically and accessed at the following: Date 5/1/214 Name John Smith Tel. No. (212) Organization Boxes Inc. Address Street Address 123 street City hometown State MM Zip Please Indicate Organization Represented (if any) Recommendation: Check one (see instructions) Accept as Submitted Accept as Modified Reject Section number: Code: USPSHTC USEHC Comment on Proposal Item number: Proposed Text [Note: Proposed text must be in legislative format i.e., using underscore to denote wording to be inserted (wording) and strike through to denote wording to be deleted (wording]. Statement of Problem and Substantiation/Resolution: SAMPLE Are you referencing new standards in your comment? Check one Yes No If yes, please provide two hard copies or one electronic copy with your comment if you are requesting a new standard be added to the code. Please note that if a standard is referenced as previously stated you must submit such standard in order for your comment to be processed. If the standard is not received by the closing date, your comment is considered incomplete and will not be processed. Where additional supplementary materials such as tests, research papers, or other documents need to be submitted, please provide supporting material electronically. Please note that if supporting material is not received by the closing date, it will not be accepted for review by the Technical Committee. Copyright Assignment (This comment is original materials and is considered to be the submitter s own idea based on, or as a result of, research and experience, and is not copied from another source). I, hereby irrevocably grant and assign IAPMO all and full rights in copyright, in this proposal. I understand and intend that I acquire no rights, including rights as a joint author, in any publication of IAPMO in which this comment in this or another similar or analogous form is used. I hereby warrant that I am the author of this comment and that I have full power and authority to enter into this copyright assignment. By checking this box I affirm that I am, and agree to be legally bound by the above Copyright Assignment and the terms and conditions contained therein. I understand and intend that, by checking this box, I am creating an electronic signature that will, upon my submission of this form, have the same legal force and effect as a handwritten signature. Note: If you are not the author of this comment (this text is copied from another source) please do not submit. The author of the comment must give copyright assignment (which is the submitter s own idea based on or as a result of research, experience and is not copied from another source).

8 INSTRUCTIONS FOR SUBMITTING COMMENTS PLEASE READ CAREFULLY 1. Check the appropriate box to indicate whether this comment recommends adding new text, revising existing text, or delete text without substitution (see examples below). 2. Enter the appropriate comment on proposal item number that the proposed text applies to. 3. In the space identified as Proposed Text indicate as follows: Where making a recommendation to Accept as Submitted, simply state I request to accept the code change proposal as submitted by this public comment. Where making a recommendation of Accept as Modified, indicate the exact wording you propose based on the original proposal. (Refer to Examples for applying charging statement for adding text, deleting text and revising text) Where making a recommendation of Reject, simply state I request to reject the code change proposal by this public comment. 4. In the space titled, Statement of Problem and Substantiation/Resolution, state the problem that will be resolved by your recommendation and give the specific reason for your comment. 5. Where referencing a standard in your comment, such standard needs to be submitted in accordance with the Guidelines for Referencing Mandatory Standards. Please provide two hard copies or one electronic copy with your comment. Please note that if the standard is not received by the closing date, your comment is considered incomplete and will not be processed. 6. Where additional supplementary materials such as tests, research papers, or other documents, need to be submitted, please provide supporting material electronically. Please note that if supporting material is not received by the closing date, it will not be accepted for review by the Technical Committee. 7. Check the box for copyright assignment. Please note if you are not the author of this comment (this text is copied from another source) please do not submit the proposed change. The author of the comment must give copyright assignment (which is the submitter s own idea based on or as a result of research, experience and is not copied from another source). Note: Content of Comments shall be in accordance with Section of the IAPMO Regulations Governing Consensus Development of the USEHC and USPSHTC. Failure to comply with the above requirements will result in the comment not being processed. For further information on the standards process, please contact Code Development at For technical assistance, please call or , or alma.ramos@iapmo.org. Please support IAPMO s green initiative to remain paper free by providing the Proposed Monographs, Report on Proposals and Report on Comments in digital Adobe PDF. Note printed copies of the above referenced documents will not be available at the hearings. All requested printed copies will be mailed 3 days prior to the hearing date. In order to receive a printed copy, please submit your request by the due date on the form. SAMPLE Examples for applying charging statement for adding text, deleting text and revising text Add new text as follows (applies only when adding a new section or all new text): Water Service. Piping from the water main or source of water supply to the water distribution piping of the building or premises served irrespective of the water meter location. Revise text as follows (applies when revising an existing section by deleting text, adding text or both as follows): Building Supply. The pipe carrying potable water from the water meter or other source of water supply to the building or other point of use or distribution on the lot. Building supply shall also mean water service. Piping from the water main or source of water supply to the water distribution piping of the building or premises served irrespective of the water meter location. Delete text without substitution (applies when deleting an entire section, table or both as follows): 32. Iron Pipe Size (IPS) Pipe. Iron, steel, brass and copper pipe shall be standard weight iron pipe size (IPS) pipe It shall be unlawful for any person to deposit, by any means whatsoever, into any plumbing fixture, floor drain, interceptor, sump, receptor, or device, which is connected to any drainage system, public sewer, private sewer, septic tank, or cesspool, any ashes; cinders; solids; rags; inflammable, poisonous, or explosive liquids or gas; oils; grease; or any other thing whatsoever that would, or could, cause damage to the drainage system or public sewer.

9 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item # Code Section Page # 1 Chapter , , 14.5, , Table Chapter , , 33.3, 33.11, Table 33.1, , , , , 35.1, Table 35.1, , , , 37.4, 39.8, , Table , Table , Table Table 33.1, 34.1, , Table 35.1, 36.2, Table 33.1, Table Table 33.1, Table Table 33.1, 34.5, , Table , Table , , 45.11, , Table 417.1, Equation 417.1, , , 43.2, , , 45.9, , , Table , Table , Table , Table , 411.1, Table , 412.1, Table , , , , , 61.1, , 53.1,

10 Item # Code Section Page # , 58.2, 58.3, , 65., , , , 21., , Chapter 7, 25., 26., 28., 222., 223., 224., Appendix B , 35.4, 39.8, Chapter 8, 23., 24., 27., 28., 29., 214., , 221., , 92.5, , Table Chapters 1 & , 67.1, 13.2, , 92.2, 25., 28., 221., 225., Table , 15.1, 92.3, 23., , 16.1, 92.4, , 17.1, 23., , Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Appendix A, 58., 58.1, 97., Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot Tub Code Preprint Copyright (c) 215 [or 213 or 214, etc.] By International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials All Rights Reserved

11 USPSHTC 215 (Chapter 1): Item # 1 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 11.1 title. This document shall be known as the Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Code, may be cited as such, and will be referred to herein as this code Additions, Alterations, renovations, or repairs. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs to a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system shall conform to that required for a new system without requiring the existing swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system to comply with the requirements of this code. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs shall not cause an existing system to become unsafe, insanitary, or overloaded. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs to existing swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall comply with the provisions for new construction, unless such deviations are found to be necessary and are first approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction moved Structures. Parts of the swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or plumbing systems of a building or part thereof that is moved from one foundation to another, or from one location to another, shall be in accordance with the provisions of this code for new installations and completely tested as prescribed elsewhere in this section for new work, except that walls or floors need not be removed during such test where other equivalent means of inspection acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction are provided Plan review Fees. Where a plan or other data is required to be submitted by in accordance with Section , a plan review fee shall be paid at the time of submitting plans and specifications for review. The plan review fees for work to install, alter, or repair a swimming pool, spa, hot tub system, or part thereof shall be determined and adopted by this jurisdiction. The plan review fees specified in this subsection are separate fees from the permit fees specified in Section Where plans are incomplete or changed so as to require additional review, a fee shall be charged at the rate shown in Table information on Plans and Specifications. Plans and specifications shall be drawn to scale upon substantial paper or cloth and shall indicate the location, nature, and extent of the work proposed and show in detail that it is in accordance with the provisions of this code and relevant laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, and Section through Section The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the option to accept plans and specifications electronically, in lieu of on cloth or paper, in whatever format it shall require retention of Plans. One set of approved plans, specifications, and computations shall be retained by the Authority Having Jurisdiction until final approval of the work covered therein. One set of approved plans, and specifications, computations, and manufacturer s installation instructions shall be returned to the applicant, and said set shall be kept on the site of the building or work at times during which the work authorized thereby is in progress Work Commencing before Permit issuance. Where work for which a permit is required by this code has been commenced without first obtaining said permit, a special investigation shall be made before a permit shall be is issued for such work investigation Fees. An investigation fee, in addition to the permit fee, shall be collected whether or not a permit is then or subsequently issued. The investigation fee shall be equal to the amount of the permit fee that is required by this code if a permit were to be issued. The payment of such investigation fee shall not exempt a person from compliance with other provisions of this code, nor from a penalty prescribed by law General. Structures, materials, equipment, appurtenances, swimming pool, spa, and hot tub systems, and other associated components for which a permit is required by this code shall be inspected by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. 1

12 No portion of structural components, equipment, swimming pool, spa, and hot tub systems, appurtenances, and other associated components, or portion thereof, shall be covered, concealed, or put into use until inspected and approved as prescribed in this code. Neither the Authority Having Jurisdiction nor the jurisdiction shall be liable for expense entailed in the removal or replacement of material required to permit inspection. Swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs regulated by this code shall not be connected to the water, the energy fuel supply, or the sewer system until authorized by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Other inspections. In addition to the inspections required by this code, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require other inspections of plumbing work to ascertain compliance with the provisions of this code and other laws that are enforced by the Authority Having Jurisdiction inspection requests. It shall be the duty of the person doing the work authorized by a permit to notify the Authority Having Jurisdiction that such work is ready for inspection. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require that a request for inspection be filed not less than 1 working day before such inspection is desired. Such request shall be permitted to be made in writing or by telephone, at the option of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. It shall be the duty of the person requesting inspections in accordance with this code to provide access to and means for inspection of such work reinspections. A reinspection fee shall be permitted to be assessed for each inspection or reinspection where such portion of work for which inspection is called is not complete or where required corrections have not been made. This provision is shall not to be interpreted as requiring reinspection fees the first time a job is rejected for failure to be in accordance with the requirements of this code, but as controlling the practice of calling for inspections before the job is ready for inspection or reinspection. Reinspection fees shall be permitted to be assessed where the approved plans are not readily available to the inspector, for failure to provide access on the date for which the inspection is requested, or for deviating from plans requiring the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. To obtain reinspection, the applicant shall file an application therefore in writing upon a form furnished for that purpose and pay the reinspection fee in accordance with Table In instances where reinspection fees have been assessed, no additional inspection of the work will be performed until the required fees have been paid Notice of Correction or Violation. Notices of correction or violation shall be written by the Authority Having Jurisdiction and shall be permitted to be posted at the site of the work, mailed, or delivered to the permittee or his their authorized representative. Refusal, failure, or neglect to comply with such notice or order within 1 days of receipt thereof, shall be considered a violation of this code and shall be subject to the penalties set forth by the governing laws of the jurisdiction. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions throughout Chapter 1 correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC and 215 UMC. 2. In Section 12.7, text has been added to clarify that a system within a moved building has to comply with all of the applicable provisions of the code for new installations, and not just the testing provisions. 3. In Section , text has been added to clarify that it is important for the AHJ to be able to work with other departments within the jurisdiction. 4. In Section , text has been added to clarify that a set approved construction documents includes plans, specifications, computations, and manufacturer s installation instructions; and such documents should be kept on the building site until the project is completed. 5. In Section , the text of plumbing work is being proposed for deletion as there may be other types of inspections that need to be conducted that do not pertain to the plumbing components of a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub (ex: structural, mechanical, etc.). 6. The remaining proposed changes are being done in accordance with IAPMO s Manual of Style. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 2

13 USPSHTC 215 (14.3.1, 22.): Item # 2 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: Plans and Specifications. Plans, engineering calculations, diagrams, and other data shall be submitted in one or more sets with each application for a permit. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require plans, computations, and specifications to be prepared by, and the plumbing designed by, an engineer, an architect, or both who shall be licensed by the state to practice as such a registered design professional. Plans and specifications for indoor installations of public or private swimming pool, spa, hot tub, bathing, aquatic play, or wading facilities shall be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction for approval prior to commencement of work, piping, equipment, or combination thereof. Construction shall be equal to the types prescribed in the installation requirements of the plumbing code. Exception: The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to waive the submission of plans, calculations, or other data where the Authority Having Jurisdiction finds that the nature of the work applied for is such that reviewing of plans is not necessary to obtain compliance within the code. 22. registered Design Professional. An individual who is registered or licensed by the laws of the state to perform such design work in the jurisdiction. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revision to Section , and the new definition for registered design professional correlates with similar proposed changes made to the 215 UPC and 215 UMC. 2. This proposed change is to add a definition and correlate the industry recognized term registered design professional with the related terms currently used in the USPSHTC. The term registered design professional is the accepted term for an architect, engineer, or other professional who is licensed and certified by a state to practice their respective design profession. This is also the term used in construction and safety codes adopted by many state and local jurisdictions throughout the U.S. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 3

14 USPSHTC 215 (14.3.2, 14.5, , Table 14.5): Item # 3 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Revise text as follows: Plan review Fees. Where a plan or other data is required to be submitted by Section , a plan review fee shall be paid at the time of submitting plans and specifications for review. The plan review fees for work to install, alter, or repair a swimming pool, spa, hot tub system, or part thereof shall be determined and adopted by this jurisdiction. The plan review fees specified in this subsection are separate fees from the permit fees specified in Section Where plans are incomplete or changed so as to require additional review, a fee shall be charged in accordance with Section 14.5 at the rate shown in Table Fees. Fees shall be assessed in accordance with the provisions of this section and as set forth in the following fee schedule: Table The fees are to be determined and adopted by this jurisdiction. [JURISDICTION TO INSERT APPROPRIATE FEE SCHEDULE] reinspections. A reinspection fee shall be permitted to be assessed for each inspection or reinspection where such portion of work for which inspection is called is not complete or where required corrections have not been made. This provision is not to be interpreted as requiring reinspection fees the first time a job is rejected for failure to be in accordance with the requirements of this code, but as controlling the practice of calling for inspections before the job is ready for inspection or reinspection. Reinspection fees shall be permitted to be assessed where the approved plans are not readily available to the inspector, for failure to provide access on the date for which the inspection is requested, or for deviating from plans requiring the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. To obtain reinspection, the applicant shall file an application therefore in writing upon a form furnished for that purpose and pay the reinspection fee in accordance with Table 14.5 Section In instances where reinspection fees have been assessed, no additional inspection of the work will be performed until the required fees have been paid. table 14.5 SWimmiNG POOL, SPA, AND HOt tub Permit FeeS SubStANtiAtiON: Jurisdictions typically have their own permit fee schedule for swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. Therefore, such a fee schedule should be referenced in the code, instead of Table 14.5, which is applicable to the construction and installation practices of a jurisdiction. Furthermore, the proposed language is consistent with provisions found in other applicable codes and standards. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The fee schedule should not be deleted as it can be used, as a baseline, by jurisdictions that do not have an established fee schedule. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 4

15 USPSHTC 215 (Chapter 2): Item # 4 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Add new text as follows: 23. Accepted engineering Practice. That which conforms to technical or scientific-based principles, tests, or standards that are accepted by the engineering profession. Appliance. A device that utilizes an energy source to produce light, heat, power, refrigeration, or air conditioning. 25. Combination temperature and Pressure-relief Valve. A relief valve that actuates when a set temperature, pressure, or both is reached. Also known as a T&P Valve. Condensate. A liquid obtained from condensation of a gas or vapor Joint, Compression. A multipiece joint with cup-shaped threaded nuts that, when tightened, compress tapered sleeves so that they form a tight joint on the periphery of the tubing they connect. Joint, Flanged. One made by bolting together a pair of flanged ends. Joint, Flared. A metal-to-metal compression joint in which a conical spread is made on the end of a tube that is compressed by a flare nut against a mating flare. Joint, mechanical. General form for gastight or liquid-tight joints obtained by the joining of parts through a positive holding mechanical construction Valve, Pressure-relief. A pressure-actuated valve held closed by a spring or other means and designed to automatically relieve pressure in excess of its setting. SubStANtiAtiON: The following definitions are applicable to provisions within the USPSHTC, and correlate with the same definitions that were proposed for the 215 UPC and/or 215 UMC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 5

16 USPSHTC 215 (23.): Item # 5 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Delete text without substitution: 23. Acrylic. A thermoplastic material which can be extruded, injection molded, or vacuum formed into usable shapes and surfaces. SubStANtiAtiON: A definition for acrylic is not needed within the USPSHTC as the term is not specifically referenced within the code. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 6

17 USPSHTC 215 (214.): Item # 6 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 214. Listing Agency. An agency accredited by an independent and authoritative conformity assessment body to operate a material and product listing, and labeling (certification) system and that is accepted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, which is in the business of listing or labeling. The system includes initial and ongoing product testing, a periodic inspection on current production of listed (certified) products, and that makes available a published report of such listing in which specific information is included that the material or product is in accordance with applicable standards and found safe for use in a specific manner. SubStANtiAtiON: The following revisions to the definition for listing agency correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC and 215 UMC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 7

18 USPSHTC 215 (218.): Item # 7 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc recommendation: Delete text without substitution: 218. PVDF. Polyvinylidene Fluoride. SubStANtiAtiON: PVDF piping is not recognized in Table 33.1 (building supply or water distribution piping) or Table 35.1 (drain, waste, and vent piping), or anywhere else within the USPSHTC. Therefore, a definition is not needed within the code. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 8

19 USPSHTC 215 (22.): Item # 8 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Revise text as follows: 22. rapid Sand Filter. A sand filter designed to be used with sand as the filter media and for flows not in excess of to exceed 3 gallons per minute (gpm) per square foot (.12 m 3 /min/m 2 ) in commercial pools and 5 gpm per square foot (.2 m 3 /min/m 2 ) in residential pools. SubStANtiAtiON: The definition for rapid sand filter should be revised to remove enforceable language that not only conflicts with the requirements of the IAPMO Manual of Style, but is already stated in Section 56.1 (Rapid Sand Filters). Furthermore, the revisions being proposed are consistent with language used in the definition for high-rate sand filter. For informational purposes only, Section 56.1 is shown as follows: Rapid sand filters, having a flow of up to 5 gallons per minute (gpm) per square foot (.2 m 3 /min/m 2 ) for private applications and 3 gpm per square foot (.12 m 3 /min/m 2 ) for public applications shall be constructed in accordance with approved standards. For informational purposes only, the definition for high-rate sand filter is shown as follows: A sand filter designed for flows in excess of 5 gallons per minute (gpm) per square foot (.2 m 3 /min/m 2 ), and not in excess of 2 gpm per square foot (.81 m 3 /min/m 2 ). COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 9

20 USPSHTC 215 (225.): Item # 9 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Revise text as follows: 225. Wading Pool. A constructed or prefabricated pool used for wading that is 18 inches (457 mm) or less in depth. SubStANtiAtiON: The depth requirement contained within the definition for wading pool is already stated in Section 44.3, and therefore is redundant. For informational purposes only, Section 44.3 is shown as follows: Wading pools and the perimeter water depth shall not exceed 18 inches (457 mm). COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The removal of the 18 inches would remove language that is necessary for application and enforcement. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 1

21 USPSHTC 215 (31.2.4, 28.): Item # 1 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: Swimming Pools Located in Coastal High Hazard Areas Flood Hazard Areas Subject to High- Velocity Wave Action. Where pools are located in coastal high hazard areas flood hazard areas subject to high-velocity wave action, swimming pools shall: (1) Be elevated so that the lowest horizontal structural member is elevated to or above the design flood elevation. (2) Be designed and constructed to break away during design flood conditions without producing debris capable of causing significant damage to any structure. (3) Be sited to remain in the ground during design flood conditions without obstructing flow that results in damage to adjacent structures Coastal High Hazard Areas Flood Hazard Area Subject to High-Velocity Wave Action. An Aarea within the flood hazard area that is subject to high velocity wave action, and shown on a Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard map as Zone V, VO, VE or V1-3. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC. 2. This is a terminology change only, no change in technical requirements. FEMA has been using the term coastal high hazard area instead of flood hazard areas subject to high velocity wave action in its publications on codes and guidance for implementing the requirements of the Nation Flood Insurance Program. Standards referenced by building codes (ASCE 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures and ASCE 24 Flood Resistant Design and Construction) use the term coastal high hazard area. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The justification lacks technical substantiation and additional information and documentation was requested for further study on the merits of the proposed text. The TC was concerned that the change in terminology could be misunderstood to only apply to coastal areas. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 11

22 USPSHTC 215 (32.1): Item # 11 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Revise text as follows: 32.1 minimum Standards. Pipe, pipe fittings, traps, fixtures, material, and devices used in a swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or plumbing system shall be listed and or labeled (third-party certified) by a listing agency (accredited conformity assessment body) and shall comply with the approved applicable recognized standards referenced in this code, and shall be free from defects. Plastic pipe and the fittings used for plastic pipe, other than for gas, shall meet the requirements of NSF 14. Unless otherwise provided for in this code, materials, fixtures, or devices used or entering into the construction of plumbing systems, or parts thereof, shall be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction for approval. SubStANtiAtiON: Section 32.1 should be revised to correlate with the other codes published by IAPMO (UPC, UMC, and USEC). Listed is where products are included in a list published by a listing agency. Whereas, labeled is where products bear a label of a listing agency. IAPMO has historically only required either a device, piece of equipment, material, etc. to be listed or labeled, but not both. What is important is that a listing agency (accredited conformity assessment body) indicates by listing or labeling that a product has been confirmed to comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: Both listed and labeled are necessary for ensuring that the proper materials and products are utilized in accordance with the requirements of the code. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 12

23 USPSHTC 215 (32.4): Item # 12 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 32.4 Standards. Standards listed or referred to in this chapter or other chapters cover materials that will conform to the requirements of this code, where used in accordance with the limitations imposed in this or other chapters thereof and their listing. Where a standard covers materials of various grades, weights, quality, or configurations, the portion of the listed standard that is applicable shall be used. Design and materials for special conditions or materials not provided for herein shall be permitted to be used only by special permission of the Authority Having Jurisdiction after the Authority Having Jurisdiction has been satisfied as to their adequacy. A list of accepted product and material standards is referenced in Table SubStANtiAtiON: The following revision to Section 32.4 correlates with a similar proposed change made to the 215 UPC. This proposed change is consistent with IAPMO s Manual of Style. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 13

24 USPSHTC 215 (33.2, 33.3, 33.11, Table 33.1, , Item # , , , 35.1, Table 35.1, , , , 37.4, 39.8, ): Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 33.2 Copper or Copper Alloy tube. Copper or copper alloy tube for water piping shall have a weight of not less than Type L. Exception: Type M copper or copper alloy tubing shall be permitted to be used for water piping where piping is aboveground in, or on, a building or underground outside of structures Hard-Drawn Copper or Copper Alloy tubing. Hard-drawn copper or copper alloy tubing for water supply and distribution in addition to the required incised marking, shall be marked in accordance with ASTM B88. The colors shall be: Type K, green; Type L, blue; and Type M, red Water Heating equipment. Flexible metallic water heating equipment connectors or reinforced flexible water heating equipment connectors connecting water heating equipment to the piping system shall be in accordance with the applicable standards referenced in Table Copper, copper alloy, or stainless steel flexible connectors shall not exceed 24 inches (61 mm). PEX, PEX-AL-PEX, PE-AL-PE, or PE-RT tubing shall not be installed within the first 18 inches (457 mm) of piping connected to water heating equipment. material table 33.1 materials FOr building SuPPLy AND WAter DiStributiON PiPiNG AND FittiNGS building SuPPLy PiPe AND FittiNGS WAter DiStributiON PiPe AND FittiNGS referenced StANDArD(S) PiPe referenced StANDArD(S) FittiNGS Brass X X ASTM B43, ASTM B135 Copper and Copper Alloys X X ASTM B42, ASTM B43, ASTM B75, ASTM B88, ASTM B135, ASTM B251, ASTM B32, ASTM B447 ASME B16.15, ASME B16.18, ASME B16.22, ASME B16.26 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 34.2 brass Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for brass pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section brazed Joints. Brazed joints between brass pipe and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Pipe shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the compression, pressed, or grooved type using an approved elastomeric gasket to form a seal threaded Joints. Threaded joints shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic. (renumber remaining sections) 14

25 34.3 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe, tubing, and Joints. Joining methods for copper or copper alloy pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section brazed Joints. Brazed joints between copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Tubing shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting Flared Joints. Flared joints for soft copper or copper alloy water tubing shall be made with fittings that are in accordance with the applicable standards referenced in Table Pipe or tubing shall be cut square using an appropriate tubing cutter. The tubing shall be reamed to full inside diameter, resized to round, and expanded with a proper flaring tool Pressed Fittings. Pressed fittings for copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall have an elastomeric O-ring that forms the joint. The pipe or tubing shall be fully inserted into the fitting, and the pipe or tubing marked at the shoulder of the fitting. Pipe or tubing shall be cut square, chamfered, and reamed to full inside diameter. The fitting alignment shall be checked against the mark on the pipe or tubing to ensure the pipe or tubing is inserted into the fitting. The joint shall be pressed using the tool recommended by the manufacturer Push Fit Fittings. Removable and nonremovable push fit fittings for copper or copper alloy tubing or pipe that employ quick assembly push fit connectors shall be in accordance with ASSE 161. Push fit fittings for copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall have an approved elastomeric O-ring that forms the joint. Pipe or tubing shall be cut square, chamfered, and reamed to full inside diameter. The tubing shall be fully inserted into the fitting, and the tubing marked at the shoulder of the fitting. The fitting alignment shall be checked against the mark on the tubing to ensure the tubing is inserted into the fitting and gripping mechanism has engaged on the pipe Soldered Joints. Soldered joints between copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and fittings shall be made in accordance with ASTM B828 with the following sequence of joint preparation and operation as follows: measuring and cutting, reaming, cleaning, fluxing, assembly and support, heating, applying the solder, cooling and cleaning. Pipe or tubing shall be cut square and reamed to the full inside diameter including the removal of burrs on the outside of the pipe or tubing. Surfaces to be joined shall be cleaned bright by manual or mechanical means. Flux shall be applied to pipe or tubing and fittings and shall be in accordance with ASTM B813, and shall become noncorrosive and nontoxic after soldering. Insert pipe or tubing into the base of the fitting and remove excess flux. Pipe or tubing and fitting shall be supported to ensure a uniform capillary space around the joint. Heat shall be applied using an air or fuel torch with the flame perpendicular to the pipe or tubing using acetylene or an LP gas. Preheating shall depend on the size of the joint. The flame shall be moved to the fitting cup and alternate between the pipe or tubing and fitting. Solder in accordance with ASTM B32 shall be applied to the joint surfaces until capillary action draws the molten solder into the cup. Solder and fluxes with a lead content that exceeds.2 percent shall be prohibited in piping systems conveying potable water. Joint surfaces shall not be disturbed until cool and any remaining flux residue shall be cleaned threaded Joints. Threaded joints for copper or copper alloy pipe shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe or tubing to threaded Pipe Joints. Joints from copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing to threaded pipe shall be made by the use of brass adapter, brass nipple [minimum 6 inches (152 mm)], dielectric fitting, or dielectric union in accordance with ASSE 179. The joint between the copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and the fitting shall be a soldered, brazed, flared, or pressed joint and the connection between the threaded pipe and the fitting shall be made with a standard pipe size threaded joint materials. Materials for drainage pipe and fittings shall comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table 35.1 except that: (1) (3) (remaining text unchanged) (4) Copper or copper alloy tube for drainage and vent piping shall have a weight of not less than that of copper or copper alloy drainage tube type DWV. (5) (remaining text unchanged) 15

26 table 35.1 materials FOr DrAiN, WASte, VeNt PiPe AND FittiNGS underground AbOVeGrOuND referenced building SeWer PiPe referenced material DrAiN, WASte, VeNt DrAiN, WASte, VeNt StANDArD(S) AND FittiNGS StANDArD(S) PiPe PiPe AND FittiNGS PiPe AND FittiNGS FittiNGS Brass X ASTM B43 Copper and Copper Alloys (Type DWV) X X X ASTM B43, ASTM B75, ASTM B251, ASTM B32, ASTM B36 ASME B16.23, ASME B16.29 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 36.3 brass Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for brass pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section brazed Joints. Brazed joints between brass pipe and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Pipe shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the compression type using an elastomeric gasket to form a seal threaded Joints. Threaded joints shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe (DWV) and Joints. Joining methods for copper or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section brazed Joints. Brazed joints between copper or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Piping shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints in copper or copper alloy piping shall be made with a mechanical coupling with grooved end piping or approved joint designed for the specific application Soldered Joints. Soldered joints between copper or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be made in accordance with ASTM B828 with the following sequence of joint preparation and operation as follows: measuring and cutting, reaming, cleaning, fluxing, assembly and support, heating, applying the solder, cooling, and cleaning. Pipe shall be cut square and reamed to the full inside diameter including the removal of burrs on the outside of the pipe. Surfaces to be joined shall be cleaned bright by manual or mechanical means. Flux shall be applied to pipe and fittings and shall be in accordance with ASTM B813, and shall become noncorrosive and nontoxic after soldering. Insert pipe into the base of the fitting and remove excess flux. Pipe and fitting shall be supported to ensure a uniform capillary space around the joint. Heat shall be applied using an air or fuel torch with the flame perpendicular to the pipe using acetylene or an LP gas. Preheating shall depend on the size of the joint. The flame shall be moved to the fitting cup and alternate between the pipe and fitting. Solder in accordance with ASTM B32 shall be applied to the joint surfaces until capillary action draws the molten solder into the cup. Joint surfaces shall not be disturbed until cool and any remaining flux residue shall be cleaned threaded Joints. Threaded joints for copper or copper alloy pipe shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe to Cast-iron Pipe. Joints from copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing to cast-iron pipe shall be made with a listed compression type joint or brass copper alloy ferrule. The copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall be soldered or brazed to the ferrule and the ferrule shall be joined to the cast-iron hub by a compression or caulked joint Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe to threaded Pipe Joints. Joints from copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing to threaded pipe shall be made by the use of a listed brass copper alloy adapter or dielectric fitting. The joint between the copper 16

27 or copper alloy pipe and the fitting shall be a soldered or brazed, and the connection between the threaded and the fittings shall be made with a standard pipe size threaded joint bends in Copper or Copper Alloy tubing. Changes in direction in copper or copper alloy tubing shall be permitted to be made with bends, provided that such bends are made with bending equipment that does not deform or create a loss in the cross-sectional area of the tubing Steel Nail Plates. Plastic and copper or copper alloy piping penetrating framing members to within 1 inch (25.4 mm) of the exposed framing shall be protected by steel nail plates not less than 18 gauge (.478 inches) (1.2 mm) in thickness. The steel nail plate shall extend along the framing member not less than inches (38 mm) beyond the outside diameter of the pipe or tubing. Exception: See Section for fuel gas piping requirements Copper and Copper Alloy tube Systems. Velocities in copper and copper alloy tube and fitting systems shall not exceed 8 ft/s (2.4 m/s) in cold water and 5 ft/s (1.5 m/s) in hot water. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revisions proposed throughout the USPSHTC correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC and 215 UMC for copper alloy piping. 2. Brass and bronze are copper alloys. This proposal eliminates outdated language and provides the correct terminology to the end user. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 17

28 USPSHTC 215 (33.4, Table 11.1): Item # 14 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 33.4 Flexible Copper Connectors. Listed fflexible copper water connectors shall be installed in readily accessible locations, unless otherwise listed and where under continuous pressure shall be in accordance with ASME A /CSA B table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASME A /CSA Flexible Water Connectors Piping 33.4 B * Note: ASme A /CSA b125.6 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section 33.4 correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for flexible connectors. 2. Whether a flexible water connector is copper or any other type of material (unless otherwise listed) it should be installed in a readily accessible location for maintenance purposes. 3. ASME A /CSA B125.6 has been added to Section 33.4 to assist the end user in identifying flexible water connectors that are approved based on material and performance requirements without having to search throughout Table COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 18

29 USPSHTC 215 (33.1): Item # 15 Submitter: Mike Mitchell City of San Francisco recommendation: Revise text as follows: 33.1 Lead Content. Water pipe and fittings with a lead content which exceeds 8 percent shall be prohibited in piping systems used to convey potable water. The maximum allowable lead content in pipes, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings, and fixtures intended to convey or dispense water for human consumption shall be not more than a weighted average of.25 percent with respect to the wetted surfaces of pipes, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings, and fixtures. For solder and flux, the lead content shall be not more than.2 percent where used in piping systems that convey or dispense water for human consumption. Exceptions: (1) Pipes, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings, fixtures, or backflow preventers used for nonpotable services such as manufacturing, industrial processing, irrigation, outdoor watering, or any other uses where the water is not used for human consumption. (2) Water closets, bidets, urinals, fill valves, flushometer valves, tub fillers, shower valves, service saddles, or water distribution main gate valves that are 2 inches (5 mm) in diameter or larger. SubStANtiAtiON: Section 1417 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was amended by Senate Bill This bill changed the definition of lead free in the Safe Drinking Water Act from not more than 8 percent lead to not more than a weighted average of.25 percent. The.2 percent requirement for solder and flux is not new to the SDWA, and is in fact already addressed in Section of the USPSHTC. It is being repeated in Section 33.1 to ensure that manufacturers, installers, and AHJ s are aware of the requirement by locating it in the same section with the other provisions of the SDWA. Senate Bill 3874 also added exceptions to Section 1417 of the SDWA to clarify which products do not need to meet the lead content requirements of the SDWA. The amendment to the SWDA takes effect on January 4, 214. The current language in Section 33.1 of the UPSHTC will no longer be correct once the amendment takes effect. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 33.1 Lead Content. The maximum allowable lead content in pipes, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings, and fixtures intended to convey or dispense water for human consumption shall be not more than a weighted average of.25 percent with respect to the wetted surfaces of pipes, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings, and fixtures. For solder and flux, the lead content shall be not more than.2 percent where used in piping systems that convey or dispense water for human consumption. Exceptions: (1) Pipes, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings, fixtures, or backflow preventers used for nonpotable services such as manufacturing, industrial processing, irrigation, outdoor watering, or any other uses where the water is not used for human consumption. (2) Water closets, bidets, urinals, fill valves, flushometer valves, tub fillers, shower valves, service saddles, or water distribution main gate valves that are 2 inches (5 mm) in diameter or larger. (renumber remaining sections) COmmittee StAtemeNt: Lead content requirements should not be addressed within the USPSHTC as they may be misapplied to aquatic venues where the purpose for conveying or dispensing water is not intended for human consumption. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 19

30 USPSHTC 215 (33.11, Table 11.1): Item # 16 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: Water Heating equipment. Flexible metallic (copper and stainless steel) water heating equipment connectors, or reinforced flexible water heating equipment connectors, braided stainless steel, or polymer braided with EPDM core connectors that connect connecting water heating equipment to the piping system shall be in accordance with ASME A /CSA B125.6 the applicable standards referenced in Table Copper or stainless steel flexible connectors shall not exceed 24 inches (61 mm). PEX, PEX-AL-PEX, PE-AL-PE, or PE-RT tubing shall not be installed within the first 18 inches (457 mm) of piping connected to water heating equipment. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASME A /CSA Flexible Water Connectors Piping B * Note: ASme A /CSA b125.6 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for flexible connectors. 2. This proposal will include all types of flexible water heater connectors used currently in the field. All of these connectors must meet the requirements of ASME A /CSA B COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 2

31 USPSHTC 215 (33.13, Table 11.1): Item # 17 Submitter: Bob Siemsen City of Lincoln recommendation: Add new text as follows: Flexible PVC Hoses and tubing. Flexible PVC hoses and tubing intended to be used for swimming pool, spa, hot tub, and jetted bathtub water circulation systems or pneumatic systems shall be in accordance with IAPMO Z133. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS IAPMO Z * Flexible PVC Hoses and Tubing for Pools, Hot Tubs, Miscellaneous Spas, and Jetted Bathtubs Note: iapmo Z133 meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: Add Section to address flexible PVC hoses and to provide for identifying products complying with the code. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, requirements for flexible hoses and tubing that are an integral part of a UL 1563 listed, self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. AHJs should not have to further verify the listing of the components within a listed system. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 21

32 USPSHTC 215 (Table 33.1, 34.1, , Table 35.1, 36.2, ): Item # 18 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Delete text without substitution: table 33.1 materials FOr building SuPPLy AND WAter DiStributiON PiPiNG AND FittiNGS building WAter referenced referenced material SuPPLy PiPe DiStributiON StANDArD(S) PiPe StANDArD(S) FittiNGS AND FittiNGS PiPe AND FittiNGS Asbestos Cement X* ASTM C296 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 34.1 Asbestos Cement Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for asbestos cement pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the same composition as the pipe and sealed with an approved elastomeric gasket or joined by a listed compression type coupling. Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with ASTM D1869. The coupling grooves, pipe ends, and elastomeric gaskets shall be cleaned. Elastomeric gaskets shall be positioned in the grooves. Lubricant recommended for potable water application by the pipe manufacturer shall be applied to the machined end of the pipe. Lubricant shall not be applied to the elastomeric gasket or groove, unless specifically recommended by the manufacturer. (renumber remaining sections) table 35.1 materials FOr DrAiN, WASte, VeNt PiPe AND FittiNGS underground AbOVeGrOuND referenced building SeWer referenced material DrAiN, WASte, VeNt DrAiN, WASte, VeNt StANDArD(S) PiPe AND FittiNGS StANDArD(S) PiPe PiPe AND FittiNGS PiPe AND FittiNGS FittiNGS Asbestos Cement X ASTM C14*, ASTM C428* (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 36.2 Asbestos Cement Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for asbestos cement pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the same composition as the pipe and sealed with an approved elastomeric gasket or joined by a listed compression type coupling. Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with ASTM D1869. The coupling grooves, pipe ends, and elastomeric gaskets shall be cleaned. Elastomeric gaskets shall be positioned in the grooves. Lubricant recommended by the manufacturer shall be applied to the machined end of the pipe. Lubricant shall not be applied to the elastomeric gasket or groove, unless specifically recommended by the manufacturer. (renumber remaining sections) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions in Chapter 3 correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for the deletion of asbestos cement pipe. 2. Asbestos cement piping is no longer manufactured in North America. Furthermore, the potential health issues associated with this material makes it unsafe for most water supply and drainage applications. This proposed 22

33 change recommends that asbestos cement piping be removed from the USPSHTC. If for some reason an individual wanted to use this piping material they could always do so in accordance with Section 32.6 (Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction Equivalency). COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 23

34 USPSHTC 215 (Table 33.1, Table 11.1): Item # 19 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: Copper material table 33.1 materials FOr building SuPPLy AND WAter DiStributiON PiPiNG AND FittiNGS building SuPPLy PiPe AND FittiNGS X WAter DiStributiON PiPe AND FittiNGS X referenced StANDArD(S) PiPe ASTM B42, ASTM B75, ASTM B88, ASTM B251, ASTM B32, ASTM B447 referenced StANDArD(S) FittiNGS ASME B16.15, ASME B16.18, ASME B16.22, ASME B16.26, ASME B16.51 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASME B * Copper and Copper Alloy Press-Connect Pressure Fittings Fittings Table 33.1 Note: ASme b16.51 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following addition of ASME B16.51 to Table 33.1 correlates with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC. 2. ASME B16.51 is a new standard for copper and copper alloy press-connect pressure fittings. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 24

35 USPSHTC 215 (Table 33.1, Table 11.1): Item # 2 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: material table 33.1 materials FOr building SuPPLy AND WAter DiStributiON PiPiNG AND FittiNGS building SuPPLy PiPe AND FittiNGS WAter DiStributiON PiPe AND FittiNGS referenced StANDArD(S) PiPe CPVC X X ASTM D2846, ASTM F441, ASTM F442, CSA B137.6 referenced StANDArD(S) FittiNGS ASTM D2846, ASTM F437, ASTM F438, ASTM F439, ASTM F197, CSA B137.6 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS CSA B Chlorinated Polyvinylchloride (CPVC) Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings for Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 Note: CSA b137.6 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following addition of CSA B137.6 to Table 33.1 correlates with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC. 2. CSA B137.6 is a consensus standard for chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) pipe, tubing, and fittings for hotand cold-water distribution systems. Many other CSA standards are currently referenced in the USPSHTC. The CSA standards process is consensus based and the responsible technical committee includes many US based members. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 25

36 USPSHTC 215 (Table 33.1, 34.5, , Table 11.1): Item # 21 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Add new text as follows: table 33.1 materials FOr building SuPPLy AND WAter DiStributiON PiPiNG AND FittiNGS building WAter referenced referenced material SuPPLy PiPe DiStributiON StANDArD(S) PiPe StANDArD(S) FittiNGS AND FittiNGS PiPe AND FittiNGS CPVC-AL-CPVC X X ASTM F2855 ASTM D2846 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 34.5 CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints. Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/aluminum/chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC/AL/CPVC) plastic pipe and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints for CPVC/AL/CPVC pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt and moisture. Solvent cements in accordance with ASTM F493, requiring the use of a primer shall be orange in color. The primer shall be colored and be in accordance with ASTM F656. Listed solvent cement in accordance with ASTM F493 that does not require the use of primers, yellow in color, shall be permitted to join pipe manufactured in accordance with ASTM F2855 and fittings manufactured in accordance with ASTM D2846, 1 2 of an inch (15 mm) through 2 inches (5 mm) in diameter. Apply primer where required inside the fitting and to the depth of the fitting on pipe. Apply liberal coat of cement to the outside surface of pipe to depth of fitting and inside of fitting. Place pipe inside fitting to forcefully bottom the pipe in the socket and hold together until joint is set. (renumber remaining sections) table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASTM F * Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride)/Aluminum/Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC/AL/CPVC) Composite Pressure Tubing Piping, Plastic Table 33.1, Note: AStm F2855 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following addition of CPVC/AL/CPVC piping to the USPSHTC correlates with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC. 2. Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/aluminum/chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC/AL/CPVC) pipe has been developed that is suitable for use as potable water piping, both as water service pipe and water distribution pipe. CPVC/AL/CPVC pipe is joined with CPVC fittings which are manufactured according to ASTM D2846. This product has been used successfully on a limited basis since 27 based on a NSF standard 61 listing and a special 26

37 engineered standard (SE) from NSF International. Including this product in the USPSHTC will recognize another pipe option for installers. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 27

38 USPSHTC 215 (34.4.2): Item # 22 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints for CPVC pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt and moisture. Solvent cements in accordance with ASTM F493, requiring the use of a primer shall be orange in color. The primer shall be colored and be in accordance with ASTM F656. Listed solvent cement in accordance with ASTM F493 that does not require the use of primers, yellow or red in color, shall be permitted for pipe and fittings manufactured in accordance with ASTM D2846 or ASTM F442, 1 2 of an inch (15 mm) through 2 inches (5 mm) in diameter. Apply primer where required inside the fitting and to the depth of the fitting on pipe. Apply liberal coat of cement to the outside surface of pipe to depth of fitting and inside of fitting. Place pipe inside fitting to forcefully bottom the pipe in the socket and hold together until joint is set. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revision to Section correlates with a similar revision made to the 215 UPC for CPVC piping. 2. CPVC listed to ASTM F442 is commonly used in plumbing systems. ASTM F442 is also recognized within Table 33.1 as an approved standard for CPVC piping. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 28

39 USPSHTC 215 (35.4): Item # 23 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 35.4 unions. Approved unions shall be permitted to be used in drainage piping when where accessibly located in the trap seal or between a fixture and its trap; in the vent system, except underground or in wet vents; at any point in the water supply system,; and in gas piping as permitted by Section SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following proposed change correlates with a similar proposed change made to the 215 UPC for unions. 2. Section 35.4 is commonly misunderstood due to its structure. In other words, where the text states used in drainage piping where accessibly located in the trap seal or between a fixture and its trap in the vent system, except underground or in wet vents should be restructured as the text is really indicating two different locations where unions are approved and not just one. This section as a whole indicates locations within four different systems (drainage piping, vent piping, water supply, and fuel gas) where unions are permitted. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 29

40 USPSHTC 215 (36.4.2, Table 11.1): Item # 24 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: mechanical Joints and Compression Joints. Mechanical joints for cast iron pipe and fittings shall be of the elastomeric compression type or mechanical joint couplings type. Compression type joints with an elastomeric gasket for cast-iron hub and spigot pipe shall comply with ASTM C564 and be tested in accordance with ASTM C1563. Hub and spigot shall be clean and free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign materials. Cut pipe shall be free from sharp edges. Fold and insert gasket into hub. Lubricate the joint following manufacturer s instructions. Insert spigot into hub until the spigot end of the pipe bottom out in the hub. Use the same procedure for the installation of fittings. A mechanical joint shielded coupling type for hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings shall comply with ASTM A156, ASTM C1277, ASTM C154, or CISPI 31. The elastomeric gasket shall comply with ASTM C564. Hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings shall be clean and free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign materials. Cut pipe shall be free from sharp edges. Gasket shall be placed on the end of the pipe or fitting and the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly on the end of the other pipe or fitting. Pipe or fittings shall be seated against the center stop inside the elastomeric sleeve. Slide the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly into position centered over the gasket and tighten. Bands shall be tightened using an approved calibrated torque wrench specifically set by the manufacturer of the couplings. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASTM C Gaskets for Use in Connection with Hub & Spigot Cast Joints Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Drain, Waste, Vent, and Storm Piping Applications Note: AStm C1563 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revisions to Section correlates with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for cast iron compression joints and testing in accordance with ASTM C This change corrects the text to explain that compression joints are not considered mechanical joints and adds the ASTM C1563 standard which relates to the testing of compression gaskets. ASTM C564 already referenced for the rubber compression gaskets covers the elastomeric materials used for the gaskets. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 3

41 USPSHTC 215 (36.4.2): Item # 25 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints for cast iron pipe and fittings shall be of the compression or mechanical joint coupling type. Compression type joints with an elastomeric gasket for cast-iron hub and spigot pipe shall comply with ASTM C564. Hub and spigot shall be clean and free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign materials. Cut pipe shall be free from sharp edges. Fold and insert gasket into hub. Lubricate the joint following manufacturer s instructions. Insert spigot into hub until the spigot end of the pipe bottom out in the hub. Use the same procedure for the installation of fittings. A mechanical joint shielded coupling type for hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings shall comply have a metallic shield in accordance with ASTM A156, ASTM C1277, ASTM C154, or CISPI 31. The elastomeric gasket shall comply with ASTM C564. Hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings shall be clean and free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign materials. Cut pipe shall be free from sharp edges. Gasket shall be placed on the end of the pipe or fitting and the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly on the end of the other pipe or fitting. Pipe or fittings shall be seated against the center stop inside the elastomeric sleeve. Slide the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly into position centered over the gasket and tighten. Bands shall be tightened using an approved calibrated torque wrench specifically set by the manufacturer of the couplings. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revisions to Section correlates with Section of the 215 UPC. 2. The shield of a mechanical joint shielded coupling type used for hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings should be metallic in order to provide the necessary protection for the coupling in case of fire or other types of damage. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 31

42 USPSHTC 215 (36.1): Item # 26 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 36.1 Joints between Various materials. Joints between various materials shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Mechanical couplings used to join different materials shall be in accordance with ASTM C1173 for belowground use, ASTM C146 for aboveground use, or ASTM C1461 for aboveground and belowground use. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revisions to Section 36.1 correlates with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for mechanical couplings used to join different materials. 2. Mechanical couplings that comply with ASTM C1173, ASTM C146, and ASTM C1461 are used for joining different types of piping materials. All of these standards are already referenced in Table COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 32

43 USPSHTC 215 (39.5): Item # 27 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 39.5 Freezing Protection. No water, soil, or waste pipe shall be installed or permitted outside of a building, in attics or crawl spaces, or in an exterior wall unless, where necessary, adequate provision is made to protect such pipe from freezing. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revision to Section 39.5 correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for freeze protection of piping. 2. The current text in Section 39.5 does not account for locations such as attics and crawl spaces that may be susceptible to freezing temperatures. Therefore, the revision is necessary to protect piping installed in such locations from freezing. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 33

44 USPSHTC 215 (39.12): Item # 28 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Add new text as follows: exposed AbS Piping. ABS piping shall not be exposed to direct sunlight. Exception: ABS piping exposed to sunlight that is protected by water based synthetic latex paints. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. Section is being added to correlate with a similar proposed change made to the 215 UPC for exposed ABS piping. 2. Manufacturer s instructions do not allow for ABS pipe to be exposed to direct sunlight except for short periods of time during construction. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: ABS vent piping is typically not used for pools, spas, and hot tubs. Therefore, the proposed language is not necessary for safeguarding public health and safety. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 34

45 USPSHTC 215 (39.13): Item # 29 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Add new text as follows: exposed PVC Piping. PVC piping shall not be exposed to direct sunlight. Exceptions: (1) PVC piping exposed to sunlight that is protected by water based synthetic latex paints. (2) PVC piping specifically listed for exposure to direct sunlight. (3) PVC piping wrapped with not less than.4 inch (1.2 mm) thick tape or otherwise protected from UV degradation. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. Section is being added to correlate with a similar proposed change made to the 215 UPC for exposed PVC piping. 2. Manufacturer s instructions do not allow for PVC pipe to be exposed to direct sunlight except for short periods of time during construction. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 35

46 USPSHTC 215 (31.1): Item # 3 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 31.1 trenches. Trenches deeper than the footing of a building or structure, and paralleling the same, shall be located not less than 45 degrees (.79 rad) therefrom from the bottom exterior edge of the footing, or as approved in accordance with Section 32. of this code. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revision to Section 31.1 correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC and 215 UMC for trenches. 2. The current text in Section 31.1 is not clear, and is commonly misunderstood. The proposed text clarifies the intent of the section. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 36

47 USPSHTC 215 (42.1.1, , 45.11, , Item # 31 Table 417.1, Equation 417.1, 23., 218.): Submitter: Franceen Gonzales Great Wolf Resorts recommendation: Revise text as follows: indoor Pools. Indoor pools shall be located in approved ventilated and conditioned areas. Ventilation rate shall be provided in accordance with ASHRAE 62.1 or equivalent standard. Indoor pool HVAC systems shall comply with ACCA 1 or equivalent standard Dehumidification. Where dehumidification is provided to remove moisture, it shall be designed in accordance with ASHRAE 62.1 or equivalent standard Ventilation. Where located in the same area as an indoor pool, the space containing a spa or hot tub shall be ventilated in accordance with the requirements in Section Ventilation General. Ventilation shall be provided to an indoor aquatic facility through mechanical ventilation. Aquatic facility ventilation system design, construction, and installation shall comply with the mechanical code. For an aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area located in an aquatic facility, the design outdoor air requirements shall be in accordance with Table and Equation during times when the facility is occupied. Where more than one aquatic venue type, deck, or spectator area is located in an aquatic facility, the outdoor airflow (V bz ) shall be determined for each aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area and added together to obtain the total outdoor airflow (V bz ) required for the facility. table OutDOOr Air requirements FOr AQuAtiC FACiLitieS AQuAtiC VeNue type FACtOrS DeCK SPeCtAtOr AreA FLAt WAter 1 AGitAteD WAter 2 HOt WAter 3 R a R p d Notes: 1 Flat Water is an aquatic venue in which the water line is static except for movement made by users (i.e. swimming pools). 2 Agitated Water is an aquatic venue with mechanical means to discharge, spray, or move the water s surface above or below the static water line of the aquatic venue (i.e. leisure rivers and wave pools). 3 Hot Water is an aquatic venue with a water temperature more than 9 F (32 C) (i.e. spas and hot tubs). [Equation 417.1] V bz = A z [R a + (R p /d)] Where: A z = Area of an aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area, (square feet)(m 2 ) d = Average density, square feet (m 2 ) per person in accordance with Table R a = Outdoor airflow rate (cfm)(m 3 /s) required per aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area in accordance with Table R p = Outdoor airflow rate (cfm)(m 3 /s) required per person in accordance with Table V bz = Total outdoor airflow (cfm)(m 3 /s) 37

48 417.2 Design Parameters. The ventilation system shall be designed to maintain the surface temperature of exterior windows and skylights, in the area where an aquatic venue is located, to not less than 5 F (3 C) above the dew point of the area. The ventilation system shall be capable of purging the aquatic facility exhaust Air. Areas where aquatic venues are located shall be provided with a means of exhaust air to maintain a negative pressure of not less than.5 inch water column (.1 kpa), and not more than.15 water column (.4 kpa) Humidity Control. The ventilation system of an indoor aquatic facility shall be designed to maintain a relative humidity of not more than 65 percent when the facility is occupied. The ventilation system shall be designed to maintain air temperatures at not less than 2 F (1 C), and not more than 4 F (2 C), above the water temperature of the aquatic venue, not including aquatic venues that exceed 9 F (32 C) equipment. Ventilation system equipment shall be located in accordance with Section A permanent data plate or label shall be placed in a readily accessible location upon the equipment which indicates the amount of outdoor air supplied by the equipment. (renumber remaining sections ) 23. Aquatic Facility. A public facility that contains one or more aquatic venues and support infrastructure under a single management structure. Aquatic Venue. An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes Purging. The process of introducing outdoor air, and exhausting an equal volume of inside air, to reduce the effects on indoor air quality caused by chloramines and other air contaminants. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Ventilation & Air Quality Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Sections 4.6.2, , , , and ). It is critical for a code to define ventilation systems and establish parameters for air quality that reduces the risk of potential health effects such as ocular and respiratory distress. With the recent increase in large indoor water parks, which have high bather loads and a contamination burden unseen before, indoor air quality is an increasingly important health concern. The purpose of the ventilation system is to assure the health and comfort of the users of the facility by bringing in fresh air from the outside, and reducing the effects of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) (ex: trichloramine), bather wastes (ex: feces, urine, sweat, skin cells), and the outside environment (ex: dirt) on indoor air quality. Table is mostly consistent with values found in ASHRAE 62.1, except for the R p and density factors provided for the different types of aquatic venues and deck. This is because ASHRAE 62.1 only accounts for the building space of an aquatic facility without taking into account the effect that the number of occupants has on indoor air quality. Therefore, the rationale used for developing Table is based on bather load density, aquatic venue type, deck areas, and spectator areas as follows: Flat Water - Contributes to poor air quality only when bathers are splashing, therefore releasing DBPs into the air. - These aquatic venues are generally used for swimming. - The density was established at 2 square feet per person. This represents an average horizontal swimmer occupying a 5 foot by 4 foot area. Assuming a person is swimming horizontally; a full body length is an average 5 feet with a 5 feet span to equal 25 square feet. There was a need to account for higher density in shallow areas where users wade vertically versus swim horizontally. The middle ground was decided to be 2 square feet. 38

49 Agitated Water - These are aquatic venues that contain aquatic features (ex: slides) that disturb the water surface. They contribute to poor air quality any time the aquatic features are operating. This constant introduction of DBPs into the air requires more fresh air for these types of aquatic venues. - These aquatic venues are generally are for wading and enjoyment without swimming. - The density was established at 15 square feet per person. This represents an average vertical user occupying a 5 foot by 3 foot area. Hot Water - These aquatic venues require more chemicals and release more DBPs due to increased chemical demand, increased introduction of bather waste, and increased evaporation, which deposits more DBPs into the air per square foot than any other aquatic venue. This type of aquatic venue requires the most outdoor air. - These aquatic venues generally are for lounging such as spas, hot tubs, etc. - The density was established at 1 square feet per person. This represents an average user sitting in a 3 foot by 3 foot area. Deck Areas - One can assume 5 square feet per person. Adding seating and tables, which separates groups, the square footage allows for less density. Spectator Areas - For spectator areas, the committee used 6.6 square feet per person for seating that is based on ASHRAE This seating is generally well above the water level. Equation 417.1, which is based on ASHRAE 62.1, is used to determine the minimum outdoor air requirements, and then adds additional fresh air for each aquatic venue type, deck space, and spectator area which is permitted by ASHRAE For indoor aquatic facilities with more than one type of aquatic venue, the total outdoor air required is calculated by adding together the outdoor air required to address the contaminants of each individual aquatic venue (flat water, agitated water, and hot water), deck area, and/or spectator area. In Section 417.2, it is important for the ventilation system to maintain the surface temperature of exterior windows and skylights to reduce surface condensation and mold growth; these values are based on the ASHRAE Handbook. The ventilation system should be capable of purging the indoor air of an aquatic facility in times when an aquatic venue may need a large dose of chemicals to bring unbalanced water chemistry under control or there is an accidental chemical spill. In Section 417.3, according to the ASHRAE Handbook, a natatorium should be maintained at.5.15 inch water column negative pressure relative to adjacent areas to prevent the migration of chloramines into other areas of an aquatic facility where aquatic venues are not located. For Section 417.4, maintaining a relative humidity of not more than 65% in an indoor aquatic facility environment is important for a variety of reasons. Research has shown elevated relative humidity levels often coincide with mold growth, damage to building structures, bather discomfort, and inadequate ventilation. The 65% threshold is based on ASHRAE It should be recognized that air temperature is largely a comfort factor, but high air temperatures do affect air circulation and could lead to heat exhaustion in users. The air temperature ranges are based on the ASHRAE Handbook. For Section 417.5, ventilation system equipment should be located to prevent unauthorized access that could jeopardize public health and safety. Furthermore, in the case that equipment needs to be replaced, a permanent plate or label should be located on the equipment to ensure that the amount of outdoor air provided by such equipment is considered in order to maintain the overall design of the ventilation system. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 39

50 USPSHTC 215 (42.2, 43.2, , ): Item # 32 Submitter: Mike Mitchell City of San Francisco recommendation: Revise text as follows: 42.2 methods of Construction. A pool shall be constructed of reinforced concrete or other approved materials that are impervious; and provide a watertight structure with a nonabrasive interior finish; and have a slip-resistant surface Floor and Wall Slopes Walls. Walls of the pool shall be vertical or not to exceed 11 degrees (.19 rad) from vertical for water depths not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) or vertical for a distance not less than 3 feet (914 mm) below the water level and curved to join the wall and floor. deck Floors 43.3 Finishes and Surfaces. The interior finish of a swimming pool shall be nonabrasive and slip-resistant. The interior floor of pools shall be such to facilitate the identification of objects and markers within such area. A non-slip white or light colored water proof finish which withstands repeated brushing, scrubbing, and cleaning shall line the pool. Paint, fiberglass, or epoxy coated finishes shall be nontoxic, water resistant, of one single light color, and shall continually and permanently bond so as not to separate. Corners and edges shall be rounded and smooth to prevent abrasions, and shall be rounded with a minimum 6 inch (152 mm) radius. (renumber remaining sections) SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed changes reorganize the provisions into a more logical order. A separate section for finishes and surfaces, similar to Section 45.8 for spas and hot tubs, is being proposed as some of the provisions in Section apply to wall surfaces as well. Furthermore, Section 43.2 only pertains to wall slopes; Section 43.1 pertains to floor slopes. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted COmmittee StAtemeNt: It is the intent of the TC for a public comment to be submitted to quantify the term slip-resistant. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: OSiNSKi: I will submit a public comment. We need to define the term slip-resistant, and an acceptable method of measurement. Otherwise, the standard is meaningless. 4

51 USPSHTC 215 (43.1.1): Item # 33 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: Public Swimming Pools. Where the water depth is less than 5 feet (1524 mm), the floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 12 feet (3658 mm) to the point of the first slope change. Where the water depth exceeds 5 feet (1524 mm) the floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 3 feet (914 mm). Exception: Pools designed for competitive diving. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Sections 4.5.2). The floor slopes of a pool used for competitive diving are established by the standards of the sanctioning organization (ex: NCAA, FI, etc.), and therefore should be exempted from the requirements of Section COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: Public Swimming Pools. Where the water depth is less than 5 feet (1524 mm), the floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 12 feet (3658 mm) to the point of the first slope change. Where the water depth exceeds 5 feet (1524 mm) the floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 3 feet (914 mm). Exception: Pools designed for competitive diving, therapy, military, or other special use. COmmittee StAtemeNt: Pools that are designed for therapy, military, or other special use should be exempted from the slope requirements of Section total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 41

52 USPSHTC 215 (43.3.1): Item # 34 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Add new text as follows: No Diving. For public swimming pools, where water depths are 5 feet (1524 mm) or less, the universal symbol for No Diving and lettering that states: NO DIVING shall be marked adjacent to the depth markings in accordance with Section The symbol and lettering shall be not less than 4 inches (12 mm) in height; shall contrast with the background it is placed; shall be weather-resistant; and shall be slip-resistant where located on the deck. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section ). That vast majority of industry standards allow for diving into a pool with a water depth greater than 5 feet. According to a study conducted by the American Red Cross, 99% of neck injuries occur in water depths less than or equal to 5 feet. The size and type of symbol or lettering correlates with the provisions already stated in Section 43.3 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 42

53 USPSHTC 215 (43.5, 45.9, , 21.): Item # 35 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Revise text as follows: 43.5 Handholds. Handholds shall be provided for swimming pools where the water depth exceeds 24 inches (61 mm). Handholds shall be located not more than 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface, and spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) apart. Handholds shall consist of ladders, steps, gutters, railing, coping, or combination thereof of not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size. Exceptions: (1) Where an underwater seat or bench is installed. (2) Wading pools Handholds. Handholds shall be provided for spas and hot tubs. Handholds shall be located not more than 1 foot (35 mm) 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface, and spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) apart Components. Handholds shall consist of ladders, steps, ledges gutters, railing, coping, or combination thereof of not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size. 21. Handhold. A piece of equipment or appurtenance that is slip-resistant and is intended to be used for an individual to grasp when in distress, steady an individual as they enter or exit, or situates oneself within, a swimming pool, spa, or a hot tub. SubStANtiAtiON: The sides of a swimming pool are the necessary point of safety, and therefore handholds are necessary in order for a bather to grasp when in distress. Just like wading pools, shallow ends of swimming pools where the water depth is less than 24 inches should not be required to have handholds. Handholds are not necessary for where an underwater seat or bench is installed since a bather can just sit, or for wading pools since the water depth is not greater than 18 inches. This proposal will address a current gap in coverage within the code that is consistent with other industry standards and codes. The 2 inch maximum size for the handholds is based on the hand size of an average adult that is consistent with industry standards and practices. Handholds for spas and hot tubs should be located not more than 6 inches above the water surface so that a child can easily access. In Section , ledges are the same thing as coping, and therefore redundant. It is very common for the lip of a gutter system to be designed for use as a handhold in a pool or spa, and therefore should be referenced in the code. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 43.5 Handholds. Handholds shall be provided for swimming pools where the water depth exceeds 24 inches (61 mm). Handholds shall be located not more than 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface, and spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) apart. Handholds shall consist of ladders, steps, gutters, railing, coping, or combination thereof of not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size. Exceptions: (1) Where an underwater seat or bench is installed. (2) Wading pools. (3) Wave pools. 43

54 COmmittee StAtemeNt: Handholds should not be installed within a wave pool as they can be an obstruction that leads to injury. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 44

55 USPSHTC 215 (45.12, Table 11.1): Item # 36 Submitter: Bob Siemsen City of Lincoln recommendation: Add new text as follows: Whirlpool bathtubs Fillable through the Whirlpool Piping System. Whirlpool bathtubs fillable through the whirlpool piping system shall comply with IAPMO IGC 142. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS IAPMO IGC Whirlpool Bathtubs Fillable through the Whirlpool Fixtures Piping System Note: the iapmo Guide Criteria (igc) 142 was not developed via an open process having a published development procedure in accordance with Section 15.2 of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: Add Section to include the requirements for whirlpool bathtubs fillable through the whirlpool piping system and to provide for identifying products complying with the code. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed standard is outside of the scope of the USPSHTC as whirlpool bathtubs are not addressed within the code. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 45

56 USPSHTC 215 (45.13, Table 11.1): Item # 37 Submitter: Bob Siemsen City of Lincoln recommendation: Add new text as follows: Whirlpools bathtub with Pressure Sealed Doors and Optional reservoir/waste tanks. Whirlpool bathtubs with pressure sealed doors, and optional reservoir/waste tanks, shall comply with IAPMO IGC 26. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS IAPMO IGC Whirlpool Bathtub with Pressure Sealed Door and Fixtures Optional Reservoir/Waste Tank(s) Note: the iapmo Guide Criteria (igc) 26 was not developed via an open process having a published development procedure in accordance with Section 15.2 of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: Add Section to include the requirements for whirlpool bathtubs with pressure sealed doors and optional reservoir/waste tanks and to provide for identifying products complying with the code. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed standard is outside of the scope of the USPSHTC as whirlpool bathtubs are not addressed within the code. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 46

57 USPSHTC 215 (47.2.1): Item # 38 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Add new text as follows: Family or Assisted-use toilet Facilities. Where a separate toilet facility is required for each sex, and each toilet facility is required to have only one water closet, two family or assisted-use toilet facilities shall be permitted in place of the required separate toilet facilities. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following proposed language correlates with a similar proposed change made to the 215 UPC for family or assisted-use toilet facilities. 2. A single gender based toilet can be unavailable for periods of up to 15 minutes when, for example, the current occupant is using it for companion care, to change diapers, or to change a colostomy bag. Unisex toilets provide inherent potty parity. Two unisex toilets increase overall availability. Dual gender toilet facilities provide greater public access to toilet facilities in small establishments. Less need for gender based cleaning staff. Less impact when one toilet is being cleaned or serviced. People have used unisex toilets on airlines for decades. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 47

58 USPSHTC 215 (48.2): Item # 39 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 48.2 installation. Fixtures shall be set level and in proper alignment with reference to adjacent walls. No water closet or bidet shall be set closer than 15 inches (381 mm) from its center to a side wall or obstruction, or closer than 3 inches (762 mm) center to center to a similar fixture. The clear space in front of a water closet, lavatory, or bidet shall be not less than 24 inches (61 mm). No urinal shall be set closer than 12 inches (35 mm) from its center to a side wall or partition, and not closer than 24 inches (61 mm) center to center. Installations not covered shall be in accordance with the plumbing code. Exception: The installation of paper dispensers or accessibility grab bars shall be not considered obstructions. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revision to Section 48.2 correlates with a similar revision made to the 215 UPC for clear space in front of a lavatory. 2. The USPSHTC is silent on providing direction to an installer or an inspector for the proper setting of a lavatory. Provisions should be included for lavatories that are consistent with industry standards and practices. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: OSiNSKi: The installation of paper dispensers or accessibility grab bars should be considered as obstructions, and adequate spacing should be provided. 48

59 USPSHTC 215 ( , Table 11.1): Item # 4 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 49. Water Closets Application. Water closets shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, CSA B45.5, or IAPMO Z124.4 CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Spuds for water closets and flush valves for water closet tanks shall comply with ASME A /CSA B Water closet bowls for public use shall be of the elongated type Water Consumption Gravity, Pressure Assisted, and electro-hydraulic tank type Water Closet. Gravity, pressure assisted, and electro-hydraulic tank type wwater closets shall have a maximum flush volume of consumption not to exceed 1.6 gallons (6. Lpf) of water per flush in accordance with ASME A /CSA B45.1 or ASME A The effective flush volume for dual flush water closets shall be defined as the composite, average flush volume of two reduced flushes and one full flush Dual Flush Water Closets. Dual flush water closets shall comply with ASME A The effective flush volume for dual flush water closets shall be defined as the composite, average flush volume of two reduced flushes and one full flush Flushometer Valve Activated Water Closets. Flushometer valve activated water closets shall have a maximum flush volume of not more than 1.6 gallons (6. Lpf) of water per flush in accordance with ASME A /CSA B Water Closet Seats. Water closets shall be equipped with seats and shall be properly sized for the water closet bowl type. Water closet seats shall be of smooth, nonabsorbent material. Water closet seats for public use shall be of the elongated open front type. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASME A /CSA B Flush Valves and Spuds for Water Closets, Urinals, Fixtures * and Tanks CSA B (R28) Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures 49.1, 41.1, 411.1, CSA B /IAPMO Z Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures 49.1 IAPMO Z * Plastic Water Closet Bowls and Tanks Fixtures 49.1 Note: ASme A /CSA b45.15 and CSA b45.5/iapmo Z124 standards meet the requirements for mandatory reference standards in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revisions to Section 49. through Section 49.3 correlate with similar proposed changes made to the 215 UPC for water closets, water closet spuds, and flush valves in water closet tanks. 2. This change accounts for all of the appropriate standards for water closets, and reorganizes the text to correlate with proposed changes made to the 215 UPC. CSA B45.5 and IAPMO Z124.4 have been replaced with CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124 by the standard promulgators. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 49

60 USPSHTC 215 ( , Table 11.1): Item # 41 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 41. urinals Application. Urinals shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, ASME A , CSA B45.5, or IAPMO Z124.9 CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Spuds for urinals and flush valves for urinal tanks shall comply with ASME A /CSA B Water Consumption. Urinals shall have a maximum flush volume of not more than an average water consumption not to exceed 1 gallon (3.8 Lpf) of water per flush in accordance with ASME A /CSA B45.1 or IAPMO Z Nonwater urinals. Nonwater urinals shall be listed and comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table Nonwater urinals shall have a barrier liquid sealant to maintain a trap seal. Nonwater urinals shall permit the uninhibited flow of waste through the urinal to the sanitary drainage system. Nonwater urinals shall be cleaned and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions after installation. Where nonwater urinals are installed, not less than one water supplied fixture rated at not less than 1 water supply fixture unit (WSFU) shall be installed upstream on the same drain line to facilitate drain line flow and rinsing. Where nonwater urinals are installed they shall have a water distribution line rough-in to the urinal location to allow for the installation of an approved backflow prevention device in the event of a retrofit. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASME A /CSA B Flush Valves and Spuds for Water Closets, Urinals, Fixtures * and Tanks CSA B (R28) Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures 49.1, 41.1, 411.1, CSA B /IAPMO Z Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures 41.1 IAPMO Z * Plastic Urinal Fixtures Fixtures 41.1, 41.2 Note: ASme A /CSA b45.15 and CSA b45.5/iapmo Z124 standards meet the requirements for mandatory reference standards in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section 41.1 and Section 41.3 correlate with similar proposed changes made to the 215 UPC for urinals, urinal spuds, and flush valves inside urinal tanks. 2. This change accounts for all of the appropriate standards for urinals. CSA B45.5 and IAPMO Z124.9 have been replaced with CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124 by the standard promulgators. 3. In Section 41.2, CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124 only references ASME A /CSA B45.1 for the water consumption requirements of water closets or urinals. Therefore, the reference to IAPMO Z124.9 needs to be deleted. 4. In Section 41.3, the first sentence is not needed as the applicable standards for nonwater urinals are already referenced in Section Furthermore, the new text clarifies that water is needed to clean the waste line from the nonwater urinal in the horizontal position. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 5

61 USPSHTC 215 (411., 411.1, Table 11.1): Item # 42 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 411. Lavatories Application. Lavatories shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.2, ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, CSA B45.5, or IAPMO Z124.3 CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Group lavatories 24 lineal inches (61 mm) of wash sink or 18 inches (457 mm) of a circular basin, where provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS CSA B (R28) Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures 49.1, 41.1, 411.1, CSA B /IAPMO Z124- Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures IAPMO Z * Plastic Lavatories Fixtures Note: CSA b45.5/iapmo Z124 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section correlate with similar proposed changes made to the 215 UPC for lavatories. 2. This change accounts for all of the appropriate standards for lavatories. CSA B45.5 and IAPMO Z124.3 have been replaced with CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124 by the standard promulgators. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 51

62 USPSHTC 215 (412., 412.1, Table 11.1): Item # 43 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 412. Showers Application. Manufactured shower receptors and shower bases shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.2, ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, or IAPMO Z CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS CSA B /IAPMO Z124- Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures IAPMO Z * Plastic Bathtub and Shower Units Fixtures Note: CSA b45.5/iapmo Z124 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section correlate with similar proposed changes made to the 215 UPC for showers. 2. This change accounts for all of the appropriate standards for showers. ASME A /CSA B45.4 (Stainless Steel Plumbing Fixtures) is already referenced in Table IAPMO Z has been replaced with CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124 by the standard promulgators. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 52

63 USPSHTC 215 (413., 413.1): Item # 44 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 413. Drinking Fountains General. Drinking fountains shall comply with NSF 61 and ASME A /CSA B 45.2, or ASME A /CSA B45.1, or ASME A /CSA B45.4, and shall be self-closing. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section correlate with similar proposed changes made to the 215 UPC for drinking fountains. 2. This change accounts for all of the appropriate standards for drinking fountains. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 53

64 USPSHTC 215 (413., 413.1): Item # 45 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Add new text as follows: 413. Female Hygiene Products General. In public toilet facilities for females, sanitary napkin and tampon dispensers, and receptacles, shall be provided in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction does not provide such requirements, not less than one dispenser of sanitary napkins and tampons shall be provided within the toilet facility. A sanitary napkin receptacle, tampon receptacle, or combination of both shall be located in each water closet compartment and not less than one receptacle shall be located in the shower area. (renumber remaining sections) SubStANtiAtiON: Females should have access to sanitary napkins and tampons in a public toilet facility, along with a sufficient number of receptacles for proper disposal, to maintain the sanitary condition of the aquatic facility. These provisions are based on industry standards and practices. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 413. Female Hygiene Products General. In public toilet facilities for females, sanitary napkin and tampon dispensers, and receptacles, shall be provided in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction does not provide such requirements, not less than one dispenser of sanitary napkins and tampons shall be provided within the toilet facility. A sanitary napkin receptacle, tampon receptacle, or combination of both shall be located in each water closet compartment and not less than one receptacle shall be located in the shower area. COmmittee StAtemeNt: Industry standards do not typically require a receptacle to be located in a shower area. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 54

65 USPSHTC 215 (417., 417.1): Item # 46 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: 417. Decks General. Decks shall be constructed of corrosion resistant material and designed for the anticipated loads. Surfaces shall be non-abrasive, slip-resistant, not subject to microbial growth or deterioration. Where deck boards are used, a gap between boards shall be present and shall not exceed 1 4of an inch (6.4 mm) for non-wood products and 1 8 of an inch (3.2 mm) for wood. The elevation difference between decks and other walking surfaces shall not exceed 1 2 of an inch (12.7 mm). Decks for public swimming pools shall extend continuously around the pool s perimeter including the coping, shall be not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) in unobstructed width, in accordance with Section 46.1, and shall be provided flush with the top of the pool shell wall. Decks shall be provided on the sides and rear of diving equipment at public pools and shall be not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) in width. The deck width shall be measured from the poolside edge of the coping lip. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Sections 4.8.1). In order to prevent a tripping hazard, the elevation difference between decks and other walking surfaces shall not be greater than 1 2 of an inch. Furthermore, the 1 2 inch dimension is consistent with provisions found in the building code for door thresholds. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed language creates confusion and is subjective to how it is to be applied and enforced. Furthermore, the proposal does not address beveled edges. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 55

66 USPSHTC 215 ( , 223.): Item # 47 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Add new text as follows: 418. underwater benches, Seats, and Ledges underwater benches and Seats. For public swimming pools, underwater benches or seats shall be constructed of slip-resistant materials, and shall be outlined with a color contrasting stripe or other permanent marking of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) or more than 2 inches (51 mm) in width. Underwater benches and seats shall not be located in water depths that exceed 5 feet (1524 mm). The submerged depth of a bench or seat shall not exceed 24 inches (61 mm) measured from the water line underwater Ledges. For public swimming pools, underwater ledges shall be constructed of slip-resistant materials; shall be outlined with a color contrasting stripe or other permanent marking of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) or more than 2 inches (51 mm) in width; and have a horizontal tread depth of not more than 4 inches (12 mm). Underwater ledges shall be installed in water depths of not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) underwater Ledge. A continuous step that is recessed or protrudes from a pool wall, and allows a swimmer to rest while standing without treading water. Also known as a toe ledge. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Sections & ). It is important where underwater benches or seats are present that public health and safety is safeguarded. This is achieved by providing a slip-resistant surface, and markings that indicate where the bench or seat is located within the pool from the deck. Additionally, the location of the bench or seat shall be such that a 6 foot adult can rest their feet on the pool floor while sitting. Furthermore, the depth of the bench or seat shall be such that a bather can sit with adequate clearance to avoid water from entering the mouth, nose, or eyes. An underwater ledge, just like an underwater bench or seat, should be constructed and located to safeguard public health and safety. This is achieved by providing a slip-resistant surface; markings that indicate where the ledge is located within the pool from the deck; and a sufficient tread depth for standing. An underwater ledge is intended for a bather to rest, without treading water, in water depths that exceed 5 feet. If located in more shallow waters it could easily be a safety hazard where children could become trapped. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 418. underwater benches, Seats, and Ledges underwater benches and Seats. For public swimming pools, underwater benches or seats, where installed, shall be constructed of slip-resistant materials, and shall be outlined with a color contrasting stripe or other permanent marking of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) or more than 2 inches (51 mm) in width. Underwater benches and seats shall not be located in water depths that exceed 5 feet (1524 mm). The submerged depth of a bench or seat shall not exceed 24 inches (61 mm) measured from the water line underwater Ledges. For public swimming pools, underwater ledges, where installed, shall be constructed of slip-resistant materials; shall be outlined with a color contrasting stripe or other permanent marking of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) or more than 2 inches (51 mm) in width; and have a horizontal tread depth of not more than 4 inches (12 mm). Underwater ledges shall be installed in water depths of not less than 5 feet (1524 mm). 56

67 COmmittee StAtemeNt: The modification will clarify the intent of the proposed change which is not to require underwater benches, seats, or ledges to be installed; but instead to provide minimum safety requirements for where they are installed. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: OSiNSKi: I will submit a public comment to include wording pertaining to teaching ledges and deep water stairs. 57

68 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 48 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Add new text as follows: 418. Lighting General. Artificial lighting shall be provided at public aquatic venues used at night or at public aquatic venues that do not provide, while in use, natural lighting at levels that are in accordance with Section Lighting shall illuminate all parts of the aquatic venue including water surface area, main drains, depth markings, signage, entrances, safety equipment, decks, and walkways in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Artificial lighting systems shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and NFPA Lighting Levels. Lighting levels for the water surface and deck of an aquatic venue shall be not less than the following: (1) Indoor water surface - 3 horizontal footcandles (323 lx). (2) Outdoor water surface - 1 horizontal footcandles (18 lx). (3) Deck - 1 horizontal footcandles (18 lx) underwater Lighting. Underwater lighting shall be provided for an aquatic venue at not less than 6 initial rated lumens per square foot (65 lx) of water surface area except where surface lighting levels are not less than15 horizontal footcandles (161 lx) for all portions of the aquatic venue. Underwater lighting shall be grounded in accordance with Section emergency Lighting. Emergency egress lighting shall be provided in accordance with the building code, but not less than.5 footcandles (5.4 lx) Glare. Windows, skylights, and overhead lighting shall be located to avoid glare on the water surface area of an aquatic venue in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section 4.6.1). This code proposal addresses a gap in coverage within the USPSHTC, and provides minimum light levels for aquatic venues that are based on the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IES) standard, RP-6-88 (Recommended Practice for Sports and Recreational Area Lighting). It is important for minimum lighting levels (whether artificial or natural) to be maintained for an aquatic venue while in use in order to identify, below the water surface, bathers that are in distress or objects that could pose a danger. It should be noted that both artificial and natural light are measured in footcandles (lux), and therefore natural lighting levels can be measured in accordance with Section It is critical that NFPA 7 is referenced as it provides safety provisions pertaining to the location, type, and installation of lighting systems. The building code provides provisions for emergency egress lighting that is critical for safeguarding public health and safety, and therefore such reference should be made in the code. Windows, skylight, and overhead lighting should be located to avoid glare on the water surface that could hinder one from identifying a bather in distress or a potential safety hazard. The MAHC defines an aquatic venue as, An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes. This would include swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, water slides, catch pools, wave pools, leisure rivers, etc. 58

69 COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: Lighting Levels. Lighting levels for the water surface and deck of an aquatic venue shall be not less than the following: (1) Indoor water surface 3 6 horizontal footcandles ( lx). (2) Outdoor water surface - 1 horizontal footcandles (18 lx). (3) Deck - 1 horizontal footcandles (18 lx). COmmittee StAtemeNt: The TC believes that the lighting levels are too low. Increasing the lighting levels for indoor water surfaces to 6 horizontal footcandles is a good start, but the TC intends on submitting public comments to further address the provisions. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: OSiNSKi: I will submit a public comment. Illumination levels should be specified for both 6 inches above the water surface and for the eye level 5-6 feet above the deck. 59

70 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 49 Submitter: Franceen Gonzales Great Wolf Resorts recommendation: Add new text as follows: 418. Natatoriums building envelope. The building envelope of a natatorium shall incorporate an approved vapor retarder that is sealed around doors, windows, and skylights, and installed in accordance with the building code interior Finish. The interior finish of a natatorium shall be designed for an indoor relative humidity of not less than 8 percent Doors and Glazing. Doors, windows, and skylights shall be constructed of corrosion- and mold-resistant materials. Doors shall be sealed or gasketed, and equipped with automatic door closers Ducts. Ducts located on the inside of a natatorium shall be corrosion-resistant. Ducts shall be insulated on the exterior of the duct with a mold-resistant material where the surface temperature of the duct is capable of being less than the airstream temperature within the duct Spectator Areas. A spectator area shall be separated from an aquatic venue by a deck of not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) wide. An approved barrier installed in accordance with Section 93., or a demarcation line that is permanently marked on the deck, shall separate the areas of the deck intended for bather and spectator use. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Sections 4.2.2, 4.6.7, and ). Special care should be used in the construction of natatoriums to prevent the movement of moisture into building surfaces that can result in damage to the building structure. Therefore, an approved vapor retarder should be installed in accordance with the building code; which is generally installed on the warm side of the dew point temperature in all walls, ceilings, and floors. It is critical for the vapor retarder to be sealed around all doors, windows, and skylights in order to prevent vapor migration that can occur through openings of a building envelope. The interior finish of a natatorium must be resistant to mold growth, which can result in respiratory issues such as asthma for the public, by being approved for a relative humidity of not less than 8 percent. Doors, windows, and skylights should be resistant to both corrosion and mold growth to safeguard public health. Furthermore, doors should be sealed or gasketed, and incorporate an automatic door closer to minimize air leakage. In order to protect both the indoor air quality and the ductwork located inside a natatorium, ducts must be corrosionresistant (ex: galvanized sheet metal, aluminum sheet metal, fabric duct, etc.) to resist damage caused by chemicals off-gassing from the water surface. Furthermore, in order to prevent contaminated indoor air or damage to the ducts, both caused by condensation, the exterior of the ducts needs to be insulated where the conditions of Section are possible. Spectator areas should be separated from the aquatic venue by either an approved barrier or demarcation line to prevent accidents from occurring. The 8 foot width is consistent with the 4 foot wide minimum deck requirement found in Section The MAHC defines an aquatic venue as, An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes. This would include swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, water slides, catch pools, wave pools, leisure rivers, etc. The Webster Dictionary defines a natatorium as, An indoor swimming pool. 6

71 COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: Doors and Glazing. Doors, windows, and skylights shall be constructed of corrosion- and mold-resistant materials. Doors shall be sealed or gasketed, and equipped with automatic self-closing door closers. COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed modification will clarify to the end user that the intent of the code language is to require a self-closing door and not one that is motor-powered. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 61

72 USPSHTC 215 (51.1, 61.1, ): Item # 5 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Revise text as follows: 51.1 Applicability. This chapter shall govern the general requirements for water quality, filtration, pumps, drainage, overflow systems, and wastewater disposal as they pertain to swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs Applicability. This chapter shall govern the general requirements for equipment, pumps, diving equipment and slides as they pertain to swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs Pumps Strainers. (remaining text unchanged) base. (remaining text unchanged) Design Capacity. (remaining text unchanged) (renumber remaining sections) SubStANtiAtiON: For ease of application and enforcement, provisions for pumps should be relocated to Chapter 5 (Water Quality) where the other provisions of the code that deal with water circulation are located. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The TC believes that pumps should be addressed in Chapter 6 along with the other equipment provisions. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 62

73 USPSHTC 215 (52.2.2): Item # 51 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: tubing Systems using Copper Alloy Fittings. Velocities through copper alloy fittings in tubing other than copper shall not exceed 8 ft/s (2.4 m/s) in cold water and 5 ft/s (1.5 m/s) in hot water. Jet inlet fittings shall be excluded from this requirement. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revision to Section correlates with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for velocities through copper fittings. 2. The USPSHTC differentiates between copper material such as copper tubing, and copper alloy materials such as brass and bronze in multiple sections of the code. Section is intended for copper fittings, not copper alloy fittings (brass and bronze). COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: OSiNSKi: Need to define hot and cold water. Furthermore, 8 feet per second velocity of pool water through copper is too high and will lead to staining problems in the pool. 63

74 USPSHTC 215 (53., 53.1, 222.): Item # 52 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Revise text as follows: 53. turnover time General. The entire design of matched components shall have a capacity to provide a complete turnover of pool water in accordance with local and state codes or regulations, and the manufacturer s instructions. Minimum turnover time shall be required as follows: (1) Private pools 12 8 hours or less (2) Public pools 6 hours or less (3) Wading pools 2 1 hours or less (4) Private spas and hot tubs 1 hour or less (5) Public spas and hot tubs 1 2 hour or less (6) Water slides and catch pools 2 hours (7) Wave pools 3 hours (8) Leisure rivers 3 hours (9) Spray grounds 1 2 hour 222. turnover time. The time in hours and minutes required for the circulation system to filter and recirculate a volume of water equal to the pool aquatic venue volume. SubStANtiAtiON: In order to recognize that some jurisdictions, states, or equipment manufacturers may have more stringent provisions for turnover rates than the USPSHTC, language should be added to recognize such provisions. The turnover rates for private pools and wading pools have been revised to correlate with current industry standards and practices. The current provisions are outdated, and not based on industry practices. To maintain water quality in aquatic venues such as: water slides and catch pools; wave pools; leisure rivers; and spray grounds, the USPSHTC should provide minimum turnover times for the water. The proposed values are based on other industry standards and codes. The definition for turnover time has been revised accordingly. The Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) defines an aquatic venue as, An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes. This would include swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, water slides, catch pools, etc. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 64

75 USPSHTC 215 (54.5, 58.2, 58.3, , 65., 65.1): Item # 53 Submitter: Richard Martin NSF International recommendation: Revise text as follows: 54.5 multiport Valves. Where multiport valves are installed, they shall be listed or approved comply with NSF Listed. Swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be provided with a listed surface skimmer(s) in accordance with NSF 5 or a perimeter overflow system, or a combination thereof. Exception: Spas constructed with a circulation piping system that is common to a swimming pool, and having a design that provides for skimming of the spa into the swimming pool, shall be permitted as meeting this requirement without an additional skimmer required Surface Skimmers. Listed ssurface skimmers, where used in lieu of a perimeter overflow system, shall be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. For public pools, spas, or hot tubs, there shall be not less than one skimmer for each 5 square feet (46.45 m 2 ) of surface area, or fraction thereof. For private pools, spas, or hot tubs, there shall be not less than one skimmer for each 9 8 square feet ( m 2 ) of surface area or fraction thereof. For public and private spas and hot tubs, there shall be not less than one skimmer for each 1 square feet (9.29 m 2 ) of surface area or fraction thereof. In public pools, not less than 75 percent of the turnover rate through the surface skimmers shall be provided Skimmer. A listed skimmer with a bottom outlet shall be installed on the filtration suction line. The filtration suction line shall be connected to a second outlet to relieve suction in the event blockage occurs. 65. Pumps General. Pumps and strainers shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with NSF 5. (renumber remaining sections) SubStANtiAtiON: NSF 5 is the appropriate reference standard for multiport valves, surface skimmers, pumps, and strainers used for public and private swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. NSF 5 is already referenced in Table In Section 58.3, the ratio of skimmers to the water surface area of private pools, public/private spas, and public/private hot tubs has been revised in accordance with NSF 5 (Annex J). Furthermore, the text strict is being deleted as it adds nothing to the application or enforcement of the code text. In Sections 54.5, 58.2, 58.3, and , the text listed is not needed as the requirement for devices to be listed and labeled is already addressed in Section In Section 65.1, strainers are being addressed as they may be integrated with the pumps or separate assemblies. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 65

76 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, requirements for multi-port valves and surface skimmers that are an integral part of a UL 1563 listed, self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. AHJs should not have to further verify the listing of the components within a listed system. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 66

77 USPSHTC 215 (55.1, 55.2): Item # 54 Submitter: Mike Mitchell City of San Francisco recommendation: Revise text as follows: 55.1 Vacuum breakers Water Supply inlets. Water supply inlets to swimming pools, where protected by an approved vacuum breaker, shall have such device installed on the discharge side of the last valves with the critical level not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the overflow rim of such equipment. Water supply inlets not protected by vacuum breakers shall be installed not less than two pipe diameters, but in no case less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the overflow rim of such swimming pool. No over-the-rim fill spout shall be installed unless it is located under a diving board or is guarded backflow Protection. Potable water supply to swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be protected by an airgap or a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer in accordance with the following: (1) The unit is equipped with a submerged fill line. (2) The potable water supply is directly connected to the unit circulation system. Water supply inlets to swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be protected by one of the following means: (1) An approved air gap. (2) A vacuum breaker installed on the discharge side of the last valve with the critical level not less than 6 inches (152 mm) or in accordance with its listing. (3) A backflow preventer suitable for the contamination or pollution, installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and the plumbing code. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed revisions will correlate the USPSHTC with the UPC. Furthermore, the proposed text not only recognizes approved air gaps and vacuum breakers as currently stated in the USPSHTC, but recognizes other types of listed backflow preventers that can be used based on the hazard. For example, if a water hose is used to fill a pool then it must be protected with a hose bibb vacuum breaker installed on the faucet in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and the plumbing code. Per the plumbing code, a hose bibb vacuum breaker would need to comply with ASSE 119, and a shutoff valve cannot be located downstream of the device. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 67

78 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 55 Submitter: Richard Martin NSF International recommendation: Revise text as follows: 56. Filters General. Filters and filter media shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with NSF rapid Sand Filters. Rapid sand filters, having shall have a flow rate of up not to exceed 5 gallons per minute (gpm) per square foot (24 L/m/m 2 ) for private applications and 3 gpm per square foot (122 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications shall be constructed in accordance with approved standards. The circulation system and backwash piping shall be provided for backwashing of sand filter and backwash flow rates of not less than gpm per square foot ( L/m/m 2 ) High-rate Sand Filters. High rate sand filters, having shall have a flow rate of up not to exceed 2 gpm per square foot (815 L/m/m 2 ) shall be of an approved type. The circulation system and backwash piping shall be provided for backwashing of sand filter and backwash flow rates of not less than gpm per square foot ( L/m/m 2 ) Diatomite type Filters. Diatomite type filters shall be designed for operation under pressure or vacuum. The design capacity flow rate shall not exceed 2.5 gpm per square foot (12 L/m/m 2 ) for private applications and 2 gpm per square foot (81 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications of effective filter area. Provision shall be provided to introduce filter aid into pressure filters through the skimmer or precoat pot Cartridge Filters. Cartridge filters shall be constructed in accordance with approved standards. Such filters shall be designed for pressure or vacuum applications. The designed flow rate for surface-type cartridge filters shall not exceed 1 gpm per square foot (41 L/m/m 2 ) for private use applications or and.375 gpm per square foot (15 L/m/m 2 ) for public use applications. The designed flow rate for depth-type cartridge filters shall not exceed 8 gpm per square foot (325 L/m/m 2 ) for private applications and 3 gpm per square foot (122 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications Operating instructions. (remaining text unchanged) Pressure Filter System. (remaining text unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: NSF 5 is the appropriate reference standard for all types of filters and filter media used for public and private aquatic venues and facilities. NSF 5 is already referenced in Table In Section 56.2 (Rapid Sand Filters) and Section 56.3 (High-Rate Sand Filters), the values are based on the maximum flow rate, and therefore the language should be revised accordingly. The text, shall be constructed in accordance with approved standards, is no longer needed with Section 56.1 (General) indicating that all filters shall comply with NSF 5. Finally, the minimum design backwash flow rate for sand filters is 15 gpm per square foot in accordance with NSF 5. This is important to control the total dissolved solids that can have a negative impact on free chlorine levels, and therefore resulting in the formation of chloramines. In Section 56.4 (Diatomite Type Filters), the current values are for public swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs only. For private applications, 2.5 gpm per square foot is the maximum flow rate in accordance with NSF 5, and therefore should be added. In Section 56.5 (Cartridge Filters), the current values are for surface-type cartridge filters. Depth-type cartridge filters are the other type recognized by NSF 5, and should be addressed within this section of code as well. The additional revisions provide consistency throughout the entire Section 56. (ex: adding rate after flow, replacing use with applications, etc.) 68

79 COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 56.1 General. Filters and filter media shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with NSF 5. The maximum design flow rate for filter operation, with alternate media, shall comply with Section 56.2 through Section 56.5, or the filter media manufacturer s instructions High-rate Sand Filters. High-rate sand filters shall have a flow rate not to exceed 2 gpm per square foot (815 L/m/m 2 ) for private applications and 15 gpm per square foot (61 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications, or the filter media manufacturer s instructions. The circulation system and backwash piping shall be provided for backwashing of sand filter and backwash flow rates of not less than 15 gpm per square foot (61 L/m/m 2 ). COmmittee StAtemeNt: The modification clarifies that the filter media manufacturer may have more stringent requirements than the code, and therefore should be followed. Furthermore, Section 56.3 has been revised to clarify the flow rates for high-rate sand filters for both private and public applications. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, requirements for filters that are an integral part of a UL 1563 listed, self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. AHJs should not have to further verify the listing of the components within a listed system. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 69

80 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 56 Submitter: Beth Hamil DEL Ozone recommendation: Revise text as follows: 57. Chemical Feed equipment Chlorinators General. Gas chlorinators, where used, shall be listed. Where required for public aquatic facilities, chemical feed equipment shall comply with NSF 5. Such equipment shall be sized and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions, and shall comply with Section through Section Chlorine equipment Design. The chlorine equipment Chemical feed equipment shall be of a design capable of withstanding wear without developing leaks. Chemical feed equipment shall be designed to supply disinfectant and ph control chemicals to an aquatic venue at the levels required in accordance with this code. Chemicals shall be introduced into an aquatic venue upstream of the filtration system, and the equipment shall not permit backflow into the chemical feed equipment or components interlocked. Where not specified elsewhere in this code, chemical feed equipment shall be interlocked electrically with not less than two of the following: (1) Recirculation pump (2) Flow meter and switch in the return line (3) Chemical controller and paddle wheel (4) Flow cell on the chemical controller System Control. Chemical feed equipment shall be provided with an automatic controller to power on and off the equipment. Chemical controllers shall comply with NSF 5, and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Ventilation. A separate ventilation system shall be provided for each enclosed room or space where chemical feed equipment is located at not less than 6 air changes per hour. The exhaust intake of the ventilation system shall be taken within 6 inches (152 mm) of the floor, and located on the opposite side of the room or space from the outdoor air intake. Exhaust air shall be discharged above grade level to the outdoors, and shall discharge not less than 1 feet (348 mm) from an operable opening or adjacent building. Outdoor air intake shall be provided within 6 inches (152 mm) of the ceiling Gas Chlorinators Chlorinator Design. The chlorinator shall be designed to prevent the backflow of water into the chlorine solution container Ventilation The cchlorine and chlorinating equipment shall be located in a separate well-ventilated room located at or aboveground level. In addition, vents in the ceiling and at floor level that terminate to the outside, shall be provided with a motor-driven exhaust fan, capable of producing not less than 1 air exchange per minute and that draws air from floor level Storage. Chlorine cylinders, including empty cylinders, shall be stored and secured in an upright position Shut Off. A valve wrench shall be installed on the chlorine cylinder valve so the supply can be shut off in the case of an emergency. Valve protection hoods shall be in place except where the cylinder is connected Chlorine Feeding Device Design. The chlorine feeding device shall be designed so that during accidents or interruptions of the chlorinator booster pump leaking chlorine gas shall be conducted to the outdoors type of Feeding Device. The feeding device shall be a solution feed type, capable of delivering chlorine at its maximum rate without releasing chlorine gas to the atmosphere interlocked Protection Against Gas Siphoning Gas-type chlorinators shall have protection against siphoning of gas into the recirculation system. The booster pump shall be interlocked electrically with the recirculation pump to prevent operation of the booster pump where recirculation system is not operating. The recirculating pump and chlorine booster pump motor controls shall be interlocked electrically so that the booster pump shall not operate where the recirculating pump is off, or during the backwash cycle. Connections shall not be made to an external water supply for chlorinator operation Scale. A scale for determining weight of chlorine shall be provided. 7

81 SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Recirculation Systems and Filtration Technical Committee (Section 4.7.3) and the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee (Section ) of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC). Currently the USPSHTC only provides provisions for gas chlorinators; however, there are other types of approved chemical feed equipment (ex: bromine generators, salt electrolytic chlorinators, brine electrolytic chlorinators, etc.) that are used for providing disinfection to aquatic venues. NSF 5 is the appropriate reference standard for chemical feed equipment. NSF 5 is already referenced in Table To reduce the likelihood of disinfectants and acidic chemicals mixing inside of pipes during periods of interruption to recirculation system flow. Means of injection shall not allow backflow into the chemical system from the aquatic venue. Chemical feed equipment should be interlocked electrically to prevent damage to system components due to the equipment operating when there is no water flow. An automatic controller is necessary for maintaining proper disinfectant and ph levels within a public aquatic venue at all times to protect the bathers. To prevent chemical fumes or vapors from migrating into other spaces of an aquatic facility, it is important for a ventilation system to be installed within a chemical feed equipment room or space to maintain proper ventilation. In Section 57.2 (Gas Chlorinators), backflow and ventilation requirements for gas chlorinators are being deleted as such provisions are now addressed in Sections (Equipment Design) and (Ventilation). In Section (Interlocked), the second sentence is being deleted as it is redundant to what is stated in the third sentence. The MAHC defines an aquatic venue as, An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes. This would include swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, water slides, catch pools, wave pools, leisure rivers, etc. The MAHC defines an aquatic facility as, A public facility that contains one or more aquatic venues and support infrastructure under a single management structure. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: equipment Design. Chemical feed equipment shall be capable of withstanding wear without developing leaks. Chemical feed equipment shall be designed to supply disinfectant and ph control chemicals to an aquatic venue at the levels required in accordance with this code. Chemicals shall be introduced into an aquatic venue upstream downstream of the filtration system, and the equipment shall not permit backflow into the chemical feed equipment or components Ventilation. A separate ventilation system shall be provided for each enclosed room or space where chemical feed equipment is located at not less than 6 air changes per hour of outdoor air. The exhaust intake of the ventilation system shall be taken within 6 inches (152 mm) of the floor, and located on the opposite side of the room or space from the outdoor air intake. Exhaust air shall be discharged above grade level to the outdoors, and shall discharge not less than 1 feet (348 mm) from an operable opening or adjacent building. Outdoor air intake shall be provided within 6 inches (152 mm) of the ceiling Gas Chlorinators. Chlorine and chlorinating equipment shall be located in a separate well-ventilated room located at or aboveground level. 71

82 COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed modification to Section corrects where chemicals are introduced into an aquatic venue in accordance with industry standards. The proposed modification to Section clarifies to the end user that the 6 air changes per hour pertains to outdoor air. Finally, in Section 57.2, the language pertaining to the location of chlorine and chlorinating equipment has been retained as it is necessary to safeguard public health and safety. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, requirements for chemical feed equipment that is an integral part of a UL 1563 listed, self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. AHJs should not have to further verify the listing of the components within a listed system. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 72

83 USPSHTC 215 (57.1): Item # 57 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Revise text as follows: 57.1 General. Gas chlorinators, where used, shall be listed. Electric motor operated chlorinators shall comply with UL 181 and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. SubStANtiAtiON: UL 181 includes a comprehensive set of construction and performance requirements that are used to evaluate and list pumps, combination pump/filters, and chlorinators for use in swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. UL 181 is currently referenced in Chapter 1. This proposal will assist users of this code to readily identify the appropriate standard. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 73

84 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 58 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Revise text as follows: Pool, Spa, and Hot tub Fittings General. Pool, spa or hot tub fittings shall be of an approved-type design for the specific application. 58. Surface Skimmers and Perimeter Overflow Systems Listed 58.1 General. (remaining text unchanged) Surface Skimmers. (remaining text unchanged) Perimeter Overflow Systems. (remaining text unchanged) required. (remaining text unchanged) Channel Slope. (remaining text unchanged) Channel Lip. (remaining text unchanged) Channel Covering. (remaining text unchanged) Channel Outlets. (remaining text unchanged) Channel Outlet Covers. (remaining text unchanged) Overflow Drain Piping. (remaining text unchanged) Surge Storage Capacity. (remaining text unchanged) Surge Flow Control. (remaining text unchanged) Overflow Drains. (remaining text unchanged) Pool, Spa, and Hot tub Outlets General. Pool, spa, or hot tub outlets shall be listed to standards for anti-body and hair entrapment in accordance with APSP Skimmer. (remaining text unchanged) Suction Cleaner Device Outlets. (remaining text unchanged) Safety Vacuum release Systems. (remaining text unchanged) (renumber remaining sections) SubStANtiAtiON: The purpose of this code change is to arrange the text in a more logical order. Section 58. (Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Fittings) should be relocated to Chapter 3 as it pertains to general requirements in regards to pool, spa, and hot tub fittings. Section 58.5 (Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Outlets) Section (Safety Vacuum Release Systems) should become its own section of code since it pertains to life safety requirements for outlets, whereas Section 58.2 (Listed) Section (Overflow Drains) pertain to surface skimmers and perimeter overflow systems. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 74

85 USPSHTC 215 ( , 222.): Item # 59 Submitter: Beth Hamil DEL Ozone recommendation: Add new text as follows: 58. Secondary Disinfection Systems General. Secondary disinfection systems shall comply with NSF 5, and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Where required. A secondary disinfection system shall be provided for public wading pools, catch pools, spray grounds, and therapy pools System Design. Secondary disinfection systems shall be designed to achieve not less than a 3-log (99.9 percent) reduction in the number of infective cryptosporidium parvum oocysts per pass through the system in accordance with NSF Approved Systems. Secondary disinfection shall be provided by an ultraviolet light (UV) system or ozone system ultraviolet Light (uv) Systems. Where used, ultraviolet light (UV) systems shall be installed in the recirculation system downstream of the filters and water heating equipment, and upstream of the halogen feed location and ph chemical feed equipment maintenance. A bypass pipe that is valved on both ends shall be installed on the UV equipment to permit servicing while the aquatic venue is in operation interlocked. The UV system shall be interlocked electrically with the recirculation pump, and UV equipment shall be provided with calibrated sensors in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Strainer. An inline strainer shall be installed downstream of the UV system Warning. Where the UV system shuts down, an approved visual alarm shall be installed to alert bathers and facility staff Ozone Systems. Where used, ozone system side-stream loop shall be installed in the recirculation system downstream of the filters and the water heating equipment, and upstream of the halogen feed location and ph chemical feed equipment Oxidation reduction Potential. Ozone generating equipment shall be equipped with an approved oxidation reduction potential (ORP) monitor/controller. The ORP of the ozone system shall be not less than 6 mv, and not more than 9 mv where measured after the ozone side-stream remixes into the recirculation system and upstream of the halogen feed location and ph chemical feed equipment Gas Leak. An ambient ozone gas monitor/controller shall be installed in the equipment room where the ozone system is located interlocked. The ozone system shall be interlocked electrically with the recirculation pump or automated feature supply valves Warning. Where the ORP reading for the ozone system drops below 6 mv, approved audible and visual alarms shall be installed to alert bathers and facility staff. (renumber remaining sections) 222. therapy Pools. A pool of water that is specifically designed for physical therapy or rehabilitation purposes. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Disinfection and Water Quality Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section ). Secondary disinfection systems are not currently addressed in the USPSHTC, and should be to safeguard public health and safety. NSF 5 is the appropriate reference standard for secondary disinfection systems. NSF 5 is already referenced in Table

86 A public aquatic venue that, due to its intended purpose, has a greater likelihood of becoming contaminated and/or provide bather to bather cross-contamination should be protected with a secondary disinfection system. Such public aquatic venues include wading pools, activity pools, and spray grounds where diaper-aged children are present, and therapy pools were a patient may have open wounds. Cryptosporidium parvum (A parasite that causes disease within the intestines that is spread through contaminated water) is highly resistant to primary disinfectants such as chlorine. Therefore, a combination of a primary disinfectant with a secondary disinfection system such as ultraviolet that inactivates the microorganism or ozone that kills the microorganism are necessary to safeguard the public. It is important for the UV system to be interlocked electrically with the recirculation pump so that if the UV equipment fails to produce the required dosage, as measured by the calibrated sensors, the aquatic venue will not function. An inline strainer should be installed downstream of the UV system to capture any broken lamp glass or quartz sleeve that could pose a safety hazard to the bathers. An ambient ozone gas monitor/controller is necessary in order to disable the ozone system in the event of an ozone gas leak. As with UV systems, an ozone system should be interlocked electrically with either the recirculation pump or aquatic venue supply valves so that if the ozone equipment fails to produce the required dosage, as measured by ORP, the aquatic venue will not function. The MAHC defines an aquatic venue as, An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes. This would include swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, water slides, catch pools, wave pools, leisure rivers, etc. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: Warning. Where the UV system shuts down, an approved visual alarm shall be installed to alert bathers and facility staff Warning. Where the ORP reading for the ozone system drops below 6 mv, approved audible and visual alarms shall be installed to alert bathers and facility staff. COmmittee StAtemeNt: Section and Section are being modified as bathers cannot fix issues that may occur with an UV or ozone system. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: OSiNSKi: Add flotation/sensory deprivation tanks, spas, swim school pools, and other heavily used or high bather load pools to the required list of aquatic venues that require secondary disinfection as they are all high risk venues. Also, Section 222. (Therapy Pools) should include wording designed for wellness, health, maintenance, etc. DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, requirements for secondary disinfection equipment that is an integral part of a UL 1563 listed, self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. AHJs should not have to further verify the listing of the components within a listed system. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 76

87 USPSHTC 215 (58.5): Item # 6 Submitter: Mike Mitchell City of San Francisco recommendation: Revise text as follows: 58.5 Pool, Spa, and Hot tub Outlets. Pool, spa, or hot tub outlets shall be listed to standards for anti-body and hair entrapment shall comply in accordance with APSP 16. SubStANtiAtiON: APSP 16 is the only ANSI standard for suction outlets used in pools, spas, and hot tubs. Therefore the text, shall be listed to standards is not necessary as the section already references APSP 16. Furthermore, the text listed is not necessary as Section 32.1 already contains requirements for devices used in a swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or plumbing system to be listed and labeled. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: Pool, Spa, and Hot tub Suction Outlets. Pool, spa, or hot tub suction outlets for anti-body and hair entrapment shall comply with APSP 16. COmmittee StAtemeNt: The text suction was added to clarify the type of outlets that are addressed within Section 58.5 and APSP 16. The term suction outlet is defined in the USPSHTC. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, requirements for suction outlets that are an integral part of a UL 1563 listed, self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. AHJs should not have to further verify the listing of the components within a listed system. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 77

88 USPSHTC 215 (58.5.3): Item # 61 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Revise text as follows: Safety Vacuum release Systems. Swimming pool, spa, or hot tub circulation systems shall be listed and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and ASME A SubStANtiAtiON: ASME A requires that all SVRS devices be installed and tested in accordance with the manufacturer. The text listed is not necessary as Section 32.1 already contains requirements for devices used in a swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or plumbing system to be listed and labeled. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: Safety Vacuum release Systems. Swimming pool, spa, or hot tub vacuum release circulation systems shall comply with ASME A , and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and ASME A COmmittee StAtemeNt: The modification provides clarity to the end user that safety vacuum release systems shall be certified to ASME A and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, requirements for vacuum release equipment, including circulation systems, that are an integral part of a UL 1563 listed self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. AHJs should not have to verify the listing of the components within a listed system. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 78

89 USPSHTC 215 ( , 21., 211.): Item # 62 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Revise text as follows: 58.6 return inlets. Return inlets shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Return inlets shall not have sharp edges or present a hazard to bathers. Swimming pool, spa, and hot tub return inlets shall be sized based on the required turnover rates of Section 53.1, and shall be located in accordance with Section and Section Swimming Pools. Where floor return inlets are used, the distance between inlets shall be not more than 2 feet (696 mm). Floor return inlets shall be located not more than 15 feet (4572 mm) from adjacent walls. Floor return inlets shall be installed flush. Where wall return inlets are used, the distance between inlets shall be not more than 2 feet (696 mm). A wall return inlet shall be located not more than 5 feet (1524 mm) from each corner of a pool. Where a swimming pool is more than 5 feet (15 24 mm) wide, a combination of floor and wall return inlets shall be installed Spas and Hot tubs. Not less than two equally spaced return inlets shall be installed in a spa or hot tub. The circulation system shall be separate from the hydrojet booster pump system. 21. Hydrojet booster Pump System. A system whereby one or more hydrojets are activated by the use of a pump that is completely independent of the filtration and heating system of the spa or hot tub return inlet Fitting. A fitting or fixture through which circulated or hydrojetted water enters the pool, spa, or hot tub. SubStANtiAtiON: An aquatic venue has to have a sufficient number of return inlets to ensure that the turnover rates of Section 53.1 are achieved. The method and placement of return inlets is critical for providing equal distribution of treated water throughout a pool, spa, or hot tub to avoid dead or stagnant areas. Without properly circulated water, the growth of algae and pathogens can occur rapidly. It is important for return inlets to not present a danger to the bathers by having sharp edges or presenting a tripping hazard. These provisions are based on industry standards and codes such as the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC). The circulation system needs to be separate from the hydrojet booster pump system since the hydrojet booster pump system operates on a timer system, whereas the circulation system continuously operates to maintain the water quality of the spa or hot tub. The definition for hydrojet booster pump system should be revised to account for both spas and hot tubs. The definition for inlet fitting has been changed to return inlet to be consistent with terminology used throughout the industry. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: We agree with the concept of this proposal. However, the requirements for return inlets and circulation systems which are an integral part of a UL 1563 listed self-contained spa are already addressed within the listed equipment requirements. We are voting affirmative on this proposal in concept, however, we plan to submit a public comment to exempt UL 1563 listed spas from this requirement. 79

90 USPSHTC 215 ( , ): Item # 63 Submitter: Franceen Gonzales Great Wolf Resorts recommendation: Revise text as follows: 62. installation requirements Accessibility and Clearances General Equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Location of equipment. Equipment shall be so installed within the space it is located so as to provide ready accessibility for cleaning, operating, maintenance, and servicing. Equipment shall be so located that tthe equipment controls are shall not be capable of being accessed by unauthorized personnel. Equipment, unless designed for outdoor installation, shall be protected against the weather in an approved manner or installed within an enclosed room in accordance with Section equipment Foundations and enclosures General. Mechanical eequipment installed outdoors shall be supported on level concrete or other approved base designed to handle the anticipated loads., and such base Equipment installed at ground level shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the adjoining ground level. Piping, equipment, and appurtenances shall be secured in accordance with the requirements of this code, the manufacturer s installation instructions, and as approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Heating and electrical equipment, unless approved for outdoor installation, shall be adequately protected against the weather or installed within a building marking. Equipment, piping, valves, and system components shall be marked in an approved manner to identify their function. System piping shall indicate direction of flow equipment rooms or enclosures. Floors shall be constructed of concrete or other nonabsorbent material in accordance with the building code, and shall be provided with an approved means of drainage in accordance with the plumbing code. Enclosed equipment rooms shall be adequately ventilated in accordance with the mechanical code. Combustion, HVAC, and electrical equipment shall not be located in the same room used for chemical storage, or exposed to chemical fumes or vapors indoor Access. Where access to an equipment room is made through an aquatic facility, a door shall be installed. The door shall be equipped with an automatic closer and lock, and a gasket or other approved means to prevent passage of air, fumes, or vapors. The floor of the equipment room shall be sloped away from the door to the aquatic facility. (renumber remaining sections) Wooden Hot tubs. Wooden hot tubs, installed below grade, shall have not less than 12 inches (35 mm) of clearance between the outside walls of the tub and the interior wall of a supported sump or pit. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section 4.9.1). In Section 62.1, it is important for equipment to be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions in order to provide a safe installation. The text Equipment shall be so located, is being deleted as it is redundant to language used in the second sentence. The text, Piping, equipment, and appurtenances shall be secured in accordance with the requirements of this code, the manufacturer s installation instructions, and as approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, is not necessary as the section already states that equipment controls shall be located to prevent access by unauthorized personnel. The text, Heating and electrical equipment, unless approved for outdoor installation, shall be adequately protected against the weather or installed within a building, should be revised to correlate with the terminology used in Sections 62.2 and Furthermore, the text, Heating and electrical should be deleted as this chapter should pertain to all types of mechanical equipment used for an aquatic facility (ex: pumps, recirculation equipment, etc.), and not just for heating and electrical purposes. 8

91 In Section , the direction of flow should be marked on system components and piping in order to properly operate and maintain the system. In Section 62.2, the construction of the floors; the installation of the drainage system; and the ventilation system for an equipment room or enclosure should be done in accordance with the applicable codes to safeguard public health and safety. Furthermore, it is critical for both the health and safety of the public, and the life of the equipment, that combustion, HVAC, and electrical equipment not be installed in the same room used for chemical storage. Some chemicals used for aquatic venues can cause corrosion within combustion equipment that can lead to potential dangers such as carbon monoxide poisoning. In Section , where access to an equipment room is made through an aquatic facility (ex: natatorium), a door must be installed and equipped with an automatic closer and lock to prevent unauthorized access. Furthermore, the door should be gasketed to prevent the passage of air, fumes, or vapors that could pose a health hazard to the bathers. The floor of the equipment room should slope back into the equipment room in such a way as to prevent any equipment-room spills from running under the door into the aquatic facility. Section 64.2 (Wooden Hot Tubs) should be relocated to Section 45. where the other provisions that pertain to the installation of spas and hot tubs are located. The MAHC defines an aquatic facility as, A public facility that contains one or more aquatic venues and support infrastructure under a single management structure. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 81

92 USPSHTC 215 (65.1): Item # 64 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Add new text as follows: 65.1 Application. Electric motor-operated pumps for swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall comply with UL181 and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Exception: Pumps for self-contained spas that comply with UL (renumber remaining sections) SubStANtiAtiON: UL 181 includes a comprehensive set of construction and performance requirements that are used to evaluate and list pumps for use in swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. UL 181 is currently referenced in Chapter 1. This proposal will assist users of this code to readily identify the appropriate standard. In addition, pumps that are an integral part of a listed self-contained spa which has been evaluated to UL 1563 are not required to be further evaluated. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed text is being rejected in favor of Item # 53 where pumps are required to comply with NSF 5. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 COmmeNt ON AFFirmAtiVe: DiNGmAN: Further consideration needs to be given to better integrating safety, performance, and sanitation requirements in this code to ensure clear direction to code users; especially in regard to standards that overlap in these areas. 82

93 USPSHTC 215 (66.1): Item # 65 Submitter: Tim Ross Ross Distributing, Inc. recommendation: Revise text as follows: 66.1 General. Diving facilities including location and placement of diving equipment, minimum dimensions, depth, slope, size of envelope shall comply with Section 32.1 and FI standards,; shall be listed and labeled in accordance with the applicable safety standards; and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Minimum dimensions shall comply with FI FR 5 (Diving Facilities). SubStANtiAtiON: The text, shall be listed and labeled in accordance with the applicable safety standards is not necessary as listing and labeling requirements are already addressed in Section Furthermore, the FI standards are the applicable safety standards. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 83

94 USPSHTC 215 (Chapter 7, 25., 26., 28., 222., 223., 224., Appendix B): Item # 66 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: CHAPter 7 WAter HeAtiNG equipment AND VeNtS 71.1 Applicability. The regulations of this chapter shall govern the construction, location, and installation of fuel-burning water heating equipment or boilers specifically designed and listed for swimming pool, spa, or hot tub service, together with chimneys, vents, and their connectors. This chapter also provides provisions for water heating equipment that utilize energy from other sources besides fuel gas. Design, construction, and workmanship shall comply with accepted engineering practices, manufacturer s instructions, and applicable standards and shall be of such character as to secure the results sought to be obtained by this code. No water heating equipment shall be hereinafter installed that does not comply with the type of model of each size thereof, approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. For the convenience of users of this code, a list of generally accepted gas equipment standards are referenced in Table Permits General. (remaining text unchanged) reconditioned equipment. Except where reconditioned by the manufacturer or his approved agent in accordance with its original approval requirements and reinstalled at its original location, each reconditioned water heating equipment or hot water boiler shall be tested for safety and conformity to approved standards, and shall bear the label of an approved testing agency, certifying and attesting that such equipment has been tested and inspected and meets the requirements of applicable standards. Such label shall also state clearly that the water heating equipment has been reconditioned and shall give the name and address of the reconditioner. A person applying for a permit to install a used or reconditioned water heating equipment shall clearly state on his application for permit that such equipment is used or reconditioned. 73. inspections inspection of Chimneys or Vents. This inspection shall be made after chimneys, vents or parts thereof, authorized by the permit, have been installed and before such vent or part thereof has been covered or concealed Final Water Heating equipment inspection. This inspection shall be made after work authorized by the permit has been installed. The Authority Having Jurisdiction will make such inspection as deemed necessary to be assured that the work has been installed in accordance with the intent of this code. No appliance or part thereof shall be covered or concealed until the same has been inspected and approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Gas-Fired Water Heating equipment Approval requirements General. Gas-fired water heating equipment for swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs shall comply with CSA Z The water heating equipment shall bear the label of a recognized testing agency. Gas-fired water heating equipment shall be installed and vented, and combustion air shall be provided in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and the mechanical code. 74. Water Heating equipment requirements General. Water heating equipment of other than the direct-vent type shall be located as close as practical to the chimney or gas vent Clearance Listed Water Heating equipment. The clearances shall not be such as to interfere with combustion air, draft hood clearance and relief, and accessibility for servicing. Listed water heating equipment shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] 84

95 unlisted Water Heating equipment. Unlisted gas-fired water heating equipment shall be installed with a clearance of 12 inches (35 mm) all on all sides and rear. Combustible floors under unlisted water heating equipment shall be protected in an approved manner. [NFPA 54: ] Pressure-Limiting Devices. A water heating equipment installation shall be provided with overpressure protection by means of an approved, listed device installed in accordance with the terms of its listing and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:1.28.3] temperature-limiting Devices. A water heating equipment installation or a hot water storage vessel installation shall be provided with over temperature protection by means of an approved, listed device installed in accordance with the terms of its listing and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:1.28.4] temperature, Pressure, and Vacuum relief Devices. The installation of temperature, pressure, and vacuum relief devices or combinations thereof, and automatic gas shutoff devices, shall comply with the terms of their listings and the manufacturer s installation instructions. A shutoff valve shall not be placed between the relief valve and the water heating equipment or on discharge pipes between such valves and the atmosphere. The hourly British thermal units (Btu) (kw h) discharge capacity or the rated steam relief capacity of the device shall be not less than the input rating of the water heating equipment. [NFPA 54:1.28.5] Other types of Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot tub Water Heating equipment General. (remaining text unchanged) Safety Devices. (remaining text unchanged) Oil-Fired Water Heating equipment. (remaining text unchanged) Solar Pool, Spa, and Hot tub Water Heating equipment. (remaining text unchanged) electric Water Heating equipment. (remaining text unchanged) Heat Pump Water Heating equipment. (remaining text unchanged) installation requirements for Water Heating equipment Condensation. (remaining text unchanged) Check Valve. (remaining text unchanged) inlet and Outlet Piping. (remaining text unchanged) Pit installation. (remaining text unchanged) unions. (remaining text unchanged) Valves. Where swimming pool, spa, or hot tub heating equipment is installed with a shutoff valve between the outlet of the heater and the pool, spa or hot tub, a pressure relief valve shall be installed on the discharge side of the water heating equipment. For units up to and including 2 British thermal units per hour (Btu/h) (58.6 kw) input, the relief valve shall be listed, and for inputs exceeding 2 Btu/h (58.6 kw), the valve shall be ASME rated. Relief valves located inside a building shall be provided with a drain, not smaller than the relief valve outlet, of galvanized steel, hard-drawn copper piping and fittings, CPVC, or listed relief valve drain tube with fittings that will not reduce the internal bore of the pipe or tubing (straight lengths as opposed to coils) and shall extend from the valve to the outside of the building, with the end of the pipe not more than 2 feet (61 mm) nor less than 6 inches (152 mm) aboveground or the flood level of the area receiving the discharge and pointing downward. Such drains shall be permitted to terminate at other approved locations. Relief valve drains shall not terminate in a building s crawl space. No part of such drain pipe shall be trapped or subject to freezing. The terminal end of the drain pipe shall not be threaded relief Valve Discharge. Discharge from a relief valve into a water heating equipment pan shall be prohibited. 79. Other Water Heating equipment installation requirements Dielectric insulator. (remaining text unchanged) Seismic Provisions. (remaining text unchanged) Ground Support. (remaining text unchanged) Drainage Pan. (remaining text unchanged) Physical Damage. (remaining text unchanged) 78. Air for Combustion and Ventilation General. Air for combustion, ventilation, and dilution of flue gases for appliances installed in buildings shall be obtained by application of one of the methods covered in Section through Section Where infiltration does not provide the necessary air, outdoor air shall be introduced in accordance with methods covered in Section 78.4 through Section Exception: This provision shall not apply to direct-vent appliances. [NFPA 54: ] 85

96 Other types of equipment. Gas water heating equipment for swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs of other than natural draft design and other than Category I vented appliances shall be provided with combustion, ventilation, and dilution air in accordance with the appliance manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Draft Hood and regulators. Where used, a draft hood or a barometric draft regulator shall be installed in the same room or enclosure as the appliance served so as to prevent a difference in pressure between the hood or regulator and the combustion air supply. [NFPA 54: ] makeup Air. Makeup air requirements for the operation of swimming pool, spa, or hot tub water heating equipment shall be considered in determining the adequacy of a space to provide combustion air requirements indoor Combustion Air. The required volume of indoor air shall be determined in accordance with Section or Section except that where the air infiltration rate is known to be less than.4 ACH (air change per hour), Section shall be used. The total required volume shall be the sum of the required volume calculated for appliances located within the space. Rooms communicating directly with the space in which the water heating equipment is installed through openings not furnished with doors, and through combustion air openings sized and located in accordance with Section 78.3 are considered a part of the required volume. [NFPA 54:9.3.2] Standard method. The required volume shall be not less than 5 cubic feet per 1 British thermal units per hour Btu/h (4.83 m 3 /kw). [NFPA 54: ] Known Air infiltration rate method. Where the air infiltration rate of a structure is known, the minimum required volume shall be determined as follows [NFPA 54: ]: (1) For water heating equipment having other than fan-assisted combustion systems, calculate using Equation (1). [NFPA 54: (1)] (2) For fan-assisted combustion system water heating equipment, calculate using Equation (2). [NFPA 54: (2)] (3) For puposes of this calculation, an infiltration rate greater than.6 ACH shall not be used in the equations. [NFPA 54: (3)] [Equation (1)] Required volume other (21 ft 3 /ACH) x (I other /1 Btu/h) [Equation (2)] Required volume fan (15 ft 3 /ACH) x (I fan /1 Btu/h) Where: I other = Water heating equipment other than fan-assisted input in Btu/h I fan = Fan-assisted water heating equipment input in Btu/h ACH = Air change per hour (percent of volume of space exchanged per hour, expressed as a decimal) For SI units: 1 cubic foot =.283m 3, 1 British thermal units per hour =.293 kw 78.3 indoor Opening Size and Location. Openings used to connect indoor spaces shall be sized and located in accordance with the following: (1) Each opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 1 Btu/h (.2 m 2 /kw) of the total input rating of appliances in the space, but not less than 1 square inches (.65 m 2 ). One opening shall commence within 12 inches (35 mm) of the top, and one opening shall commence within 12 inches (35 mm) of the bottom of the enclosure (see Figure 78.3). The dimension of air openings shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm). (2) The volumes of spaces in different stories shall be considered as communicating spaces where such spaces are connected by one or more openings in doors or floors having a total free area of not less than 2 square inches per 1 Btu/h (.4 m 2 /kw) of total input rating of appliances. [NFPA 54: ] FiGure 78.3 COmbuStiON Air FrOm ADJACeNt indoor SPACeS through indoor COmbuStiON Air OPeNiNGS [NFPA 54: FiGure A (1)] 78.4 Outdoor Combustion Air. Outdoor combustion air shall be provided through opening(s) to the outdoors in accordance with Section or Section The dimension of air openings shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm). [NFPA 54:9.3.3] 86

97 two Permanent Openings method. Two permanent openings, one commencing within 12 inches (35 mm) of the top and one commencing within 12 inches (35 mm) of the bottom of the enclosure shall be provided. The openings shall communicate directly, or by ducts, with the outdoors or spaces that freely communicate with the outdoors, as follows: (1) Where directly communicating with the outdoors or where communicating to the outdoors through vertical ducts, each opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 4 Btu/h (.5 m 2 /kw) of total input rating of appliances in the enclosure. [See Figure 78.4(1) and Figure 78.4(2)] (2) Where communicating with the outdoors through horizontal ducts, each opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 2 Btu/h (.1 m 2 /kw) of total input rating of appliances in the enclosure. [See Figure 78.4(3)] [NFPA 54: ] One Permanent Opening method. One permanent opening, commencing within 12 inches (35 mm) of the top of the enclosure, shall be provided. The appliance shall have clearances of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) from the sides and back and 6 inches (152 mm) from the front of the appliance. The opening shall directly communicate with the outdoors or shall communicate through a vertical or horizontal duct to the outdoors or spaces that freely communicate with the outdoors (see Figure ) and shall have a minimum free area of the following: (1) One square inch per 3 Btu/h (.7 m 2 /kw) of the total input rating of appliances located in the enclosure, and (2) Not less than the sum of the areas of vent connectors in the space. [NFPA 54: ] FiGure 78.4(1) COmbuStiON Air FrOm OutDOOrS inlet Air FrOm VeNtiLAteD CrAWL SPACe AND OutLet Air to VeNtiLAteD AttiC [NFPA 54: FiGure A (1)(a)] FiGure 78.4(2) COmbuStiON Air FrOm OutDOOrS through VeNtiLAteD AttiC [NFPA 54: FiGure A (1)(b)] FiGure 78.4(3) COmbuStiON Air FrOm OutDOOrS through HOriZONtAL DuCtS [NFPA 54: FiGure A (2)] FiGure COmbuStiON Air FrOm OutDOOrS through SiNGLe COmbuStiON Air OPeNiNG [NFPA 54: FiGure A ] 78.5 Combination indoor and Outdoor Combustion Air. The use of a combination of indoor and outdoor combustion air shall be in accordance with Section through Section [NFPA 54:9.3.4] indoor Openings. Where used, openings connecting the interior spaces shall be in accordance with Section [NFPA 54:9.3.4(1)] Outdoor Openings. Outdoor openings shall be located in accordance with Section or Section [NFPA 54:9.3.4(2)] Outdoor Openings Size. The outdoor openings size shall be calculated in accordance with the following: (1) The ratio of interior spaces shall be the volume of communicating spaces divided by the required volume. (2) The outdoor size reduction factor shall be one minus the ratio of interior spaces. (3) The minimum size of outdoor openings shall be the full size of outdoor openings calculated in accordance with Section or Section , multiplied by the reduction factor. The dimension of air openings shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm). [NFPA 54:9.3.4(3)] 87

98 78.6 engineered installations. Engineered combustion air installations shall provide a supply of combustion, ventilation, and dilution air that is approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:9.3.5] 78.7 mechanical Combustion Air Supply. Where combustion air is provided by a mechanical air supply system, the combustion air shall be supplied from outdoors at the minimum rate of.35 cubic feet per minute per 1 Btu/h [.34 (m 3 /min)/kw] for appliances located within the space. [NFPA 54:9.3.6] exhaust Fans. Where exhaust fans are installed, additional air shall be provided to replace the exhausted air. [NFPA 54: ] interlock. Each of the appliances served shall be interlocked to the mechanical air supply system to prevent main burner operation where the mechanical air supply system is not in operation. [NFPA 54: ] Specified Combustion Air. Where combustion air is provided by the building s mechanical ventilation system, the system shall provide the specified combustion air rate in addition to the required ventilation air. [NFPA 54: ] 78.8 Louvers, Grilles, and Screens. The required size of openings for combustion, ventilation, and dilution air shall be based on the net free area of each opening. Where the free area through a design of louver or grille is known, it shall be used in calculating the size opening required to provide the free area specified. Where the design and free area are not known, it shall be assumed that wood louvers have 25 percent free area and metal louvers and grilles have 75 percent free area. Nonmotorized louvers and grilles shall be fixed in the open position. [NFPA54: ] minimum Screen mesh Size. Screens shall be not less than 1 4 of an inch (6.4 mm) mesh. [NFPA 54: ] motorized Louvers. Motorized louvers shall be interlocked with the appliance so they are proven in the full open position prior to main burner ignition and during main burner operation. Means shall be provided to prevent the main burner from igniting where the louver fail to open during burner start-up and to shut down the main burner where the louvers close during burner operation. [NFPA 54: ] 78.9 Combustion Air Ducts. Combustion air ducts shall comply with the following [NFPA 54:9.3.8]: (1) Ducts shall be of galvanized steel or a material having equivalent corrosion resistance, strength, and rigidity. Exception: Within dwelling units, unobstructed stud and joist spaces shall not be prohibited from conveying combustion air, provided that not more than one fireblock is removed. [NFPA 54: ] (2) Ducts shall terminate in an unobstructed space, allowing free movement of combustion air to the appliances. [NFPA 54: ] (3) Ducts shall serve a single space. [NFPA 54: ] (4) Ducts shall not service both upper and lower combustion air openings where both such openings are used. The separation between ducts serving upper and lower combustion air openings shall be maintained to the source of combustion air. [NFPA 54: ] (5) Ducts shall not be screened where terminating in an attic space. [NFPA 54: ] (6) Combustion air intake openings located on the exterior of the building shall have the lowest side of the combustion air intake openings located not less than 12 inches (35 mm) vertically from the adjoining finished ground level. [NFPA 54: ] (7) Horizontal upper combustion air ducts shall not slope downward toward the source of combustion air. [NFPA 54: ] (8) The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent, special gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a masonry chimney flue, metal or factory-built chimney, shall not be used to supply combustion air unless it is listed and shown in the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] 79.6 Added or Converted Appliances. Where an additional or replacement appliance is installed or an appliance is converted to gas from another fuel, the location in which the appliance is to be operated shall be checked to verify the following [NFPA 54:9.1.2]: (1) Air for combustion and ventilation is provided where required, in accordance with the provisions of Section 78.. Where existing facilities are not adequate, they shall be upgraded to Section 78. specifications. [NFPA 54:9.1.2(1)] (2) The installation components and appliances shall be installed with clearances from combustible material so their operation will not create a hazard to persons or property. Minimum clearances between combustible walls and the back and sides of various conventional types of appliances and their vent connectors are specified in Table and Table (1). [NFPA 54:9.2.2] It shall be determined that the installation and operation of the additional or replacement appliance does not render the remaining appliance unsafe for continued operation. [NFPA 54:9.1.2(2)] (3) The venting system is constructed and sized in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. Where the existing venting system is not adequate, it shall be upgraded in accordance with this chapter. [NFPA 54:9.1.2(3)] 88

99 79.7 types of Gases. The appliance shall be connected to the fuel gas for which it was designed. No attempt shall be made to convert the appliance from the gas specified on the rating plate for use with a different gas without consulting the installation instructions, the serving gas supplier, or the appliance manufacturer for complete instructions. [NFPA 54-12:9.1.3] 79.8 Flammable Vapors. Gas appliances shall not be installed in areas where the open use, handling, or dispensing of flammable liquids occurs, unless the design, operation, or installation reduces the potential of ignition of the flammable vapors. Appliances installed in accordance with Section 79.9 or Section 79.1 shall be considered to be in accordance with the intent of this provision. [NFPA 54:9.1.9] 79.9 installation in Garages. Appliances in garages and in adjacent spaces that open to the garage and are not part of the living space of a dwelling unit shall be installed so that burners and burner-ignition devices are located not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor unless listed as flammable vapor ignition resistant. [NFPA 54: ] Access from the Outside Only. Where such appliances installed within a garage are enclosed in a separate, approved compartment having access only from outside of the garage, such appliances shall be permitted to be installed at floor level, provided the required combustion air is taken from and discharged to the exterior of the garage. [NFPA 54: ] 79.1 installation in Parking Structures. Appliances installed in enclosed, basement, and underground parking structures shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 88A. [NFPA 54: ] Venting of Flue Gases. Appliances shall be vented in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. [NFPA 54:9.1.14] extra Device or Attachment. No device or attachment shall be installed on an appliance that is capable of impairing the combustion of gas. [NFPA 54:9.1.15] Adequate Capacity of Piping. Where additional appliances are being connected to a gas piping system, the existing piping shall be checked to determine where it has adequate capacity. Where inadequate, the existing system shall be enlarged as necessary, or separate gas piping of adequate capacity shall be run from the point of delivery to the appliance. [NFPA 54:9.1.16] Avoiding Strain on Gas Piping. Appliances shall be supported and so connected to the piping as not to exert undue strain on the connections. [NFPA 54:9.1.17] Gas Appliance Pressure regulators. Where the gas supply pressure is higher than that at which the appliance is designed to operate or varies beyond the design pressure limits of the appliance, a gas appliance pressure regulator shall be installed. [NFPA 54:9.1.18] Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure regulators. Venting of gas appliance pressure regulators shall be in accordance with the following requirements: (1) Gas appliance pressure regulators requiring access to the atmosphere for successful operation shall be equipped with vent piping leading outdoors or, where the regulator vent is an integral part of the appliance, into the combustion chamber adjacent to a continuous pilot, unless constructed or equipped with a vent limiting means to limit the escape of gas from the vent opening in the event of diaphragm failure. (2) Vent limiting means shall be employed on listed gas appliance pressure regulators. (3) In the case of vents leading outdoors, means shall be employed to prevent water from entering this piping and also to prevent blockage of vents by insects and foreign matter. (4) Under no circumstances shall a regulator be vented to the appliance flue or exhaust system. (5) In the case of vents entering the combustion chamber, the vent shall be located so the escaping gas will be readily ignited by the pilot and the heat liberated thereby will not adversely affect the normal operation of the safety shutoff system. The terminus of the vent shall be securely held in a fixed position relative to the pilot. For manufactured gas, the need for a flame arrester in the vent piping shall be determined. (6) Vent lines from a gas appliance pressure regulator and bleed lines from a diaphragm-type valve shall not be connected to a common manifold terminating in a combustion chamber. Vent lines shall not terminate in positive-pressure-type combustion chambers. [NFPA 54:9.1.19] bleed Lines for Diaphragm-type Valves. Bleed lines shall comply with the following requirements: (1) Diaphragm-type valves shall be equipped to convey bleed gas to the outdoors or into the combustion chamber adjacent to a continuous pilot. (2) In the case of bleed lines leading outdoors, means shall be employed to prevent water from entering this piping and also to prevent blockage of vents by insects and foreign matter. (3) Bleed lines shall not terminate in the appliance flue or exhaust system. 89

100 (4) In the case of bleed lines entering the combustion chamber, the bleed line shall be located so the bleed gas will be readily ignited by the pilot and the heat liberated thereby will not adversely affect the normal operation of the safety shutoff system. The terminus of the bleed line shall be securely held in a fixed position relative to the pilot. For manufactured gas, the need for a flame arrester in the bleed line piping shall be determined. (5) Bleed lines from a diaphragm-type valve and vent lines from a gas appliance pressure regulator shall not be connected to a common manifold terminating in a combustion chamber. Bleed lines shall not terminate in positive-pressure-type combustion chambers. [NFPA 54:9.1.2] Combination of Appliances. A combination of appliances, attachments, or devices used together in a manner shall be in accordance with the standards that apply to the individual appliance. [NFPA 54:9.1.21] installation instructions. The installing agency shall comply with the appliance manufacturer s recommendations in completing an installation. The installing agency shall leave the manufacturer s installation, operating, and maintenance instructions in a location on the premises where they will be readily available for reference and guidance for the Authority Having Jurisdiction, service personnel, and the owner or operator. [NFPA 54:9.1.22] 79.2 Protection of Outdoor Appliances. Appliances not listed for outdoor installation but installed outdoors shall be provided with protection to the degree that the environment requires. Appliances listed for outdoor installation shall be permitted to be installed without protection in accordance with the provisions of its listing. [NFPA 54:9.1.23] Accessibility for Service. Appliances shall be located with respect to building construction and other equipment so as to permit access to the appliance. Sufficient clearance shall be maintained to permit cleaning of heating surfaces; the replacement of filters, blowers, motors, burners, controls, and vent connections; the lubrication of moving parts where necessary; the adjustment and cleaning of burners and pilots; and the proper functioning of explosion vents, where provided. For attic installation, the passageway and servicing area adjacent to the appliance shall be floored. [NFPA 54:9.2.1] 71. Appliances on roofs General. Appliances located on roofs shall be installed in accordance with this section Climatic Conditions. Appliances on roofs shall be designed or enclosed so as to withstand climactic conditions in the area in which they are installed. Where enclosures are provided, each enclosure shall permit easy entry and movement, shall be of reasonable height, and shall have not less than a 3 inch (762 mm) clearance between the entire service access panel(s) of the appliance and the wall of the enclosure. [NFPA 54: ] Load Capacity. Roofs on which an appliance is to be installed shall be capable of supporting the additional load or shall be reinforced to support the additional load. [NFPA 54: ] Fasteners. Access locks, screws, and bolts shall be of corrosion-resistant material. [NFPA 54: ] 71.2 installation of Appliances on roofs. Appliances shall be installed in accordance with its listing and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Clearance. Appliances shall be installed on a well-drained surface of the roof. Not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) of clearance shall be between a part of the appliance and the edge of a roof or similar hazard, or rigidly fixed rails, guards, parapets, or other building structures not less than 42 inches (167 mm) in height shall be provided on the exposed side. [NFPA 54: ] electrical Power. Appliances requiring an external source of electrical power for its operation shall be provided with: (1) A readily accessible electrical disconnecting means within sight of the appliance that will completely de-energize the appliance. (2) A 12-VAC grounding-type receptacle outlet on the roof adjacent to the appliance. The receptacle outlet shall be on the supply side of the disconnect switch. [NFPA 54: ] Platform or Walkway. Where water stands on the roof at the appliance or in the passageways to the appliance, or where the roof is of a design having a water seal, an approved platform, walkway, or both shall be provided above the waterline. Such platforms or walkways shall be located adjacent to the appliance and control panels so that the appliance is capable of being safely serviced where water stands on the roof. [NFPA 54: ] 71.3 Access to equipment and Appliances on roofs. Equipment and appliances located on roofs or other elevated locations shall be accessible. [NFPA 54: ] Access. Buildings exceeding 15 feet (4572 mm) in height shall have an inside means of access to the roof, unless other means acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction are used. [NFPA 54: ] Access type. The inside means of access shall be a permanent, or fold-away inside stairway or ladder, terminating in an enclosure, scuttle, or trap door. Such scuttles or trap doors shall be not less than 22 inches by 24 inches (559 mm by 61 mm) in size, shall open easily and safely under all conditions, especially snow; and shall be constructed so as to permit access from the roof side unless deliberately locked on the inside. 9

101 Not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) of clearance shall be available between the access opening and the edge of the roof or similar hazard, or rigidly fixed rails or guards not less than 42 inches (167 mm) in height shall be provided on the exposed side. Where parapets or other building structures are utilized in lieu of guards or rails, they shall be not less than 42 inches (167 mm) in height. [NFPA 54: ] Permanent Lighting. Permanent lighting shall be provided at the roof access. The switch for such lighting shall be located inside the building near the access means leading to the roof. [NFPA 54: ] 71.4 Appliances in Attics. An attic in which an appliance is installed shall be accessible through an opening and passageway not less than as large as the largest component of the appliance, and not less than 22 inches by 3 inches (559 mm by 762 mm). [NFPA 54:9.5.1] Length of Passageway. Where the height of the passageway is less than 6 feet (1829 mm), the distance from the passageway access to the appliance shall not exceed 2 feet (696 mm) measured along the centerline of the passageway. [NFPA 54: ] Width of Passageway. The passageway shall be unobstructed and shall have solid flooring not less than 24 inches (61 mm) wide from the entrance opening to the appliance. [NFPA 54: ] Work Platform. A level working platform not less than 3 inches by 3 inches (762 mm by 762 mm) shall be provided in front of the service side of the appliance. [NFPA 54:9.5.2] Lighting and Convenience Outlet. A permanent 12-volt receptacle outlet and a lighting fixture shall be installed near the appliance. The switch controlling the lighting fixture shall be located at the entrance to the passageway. [NFPA 54:9.5.3] 711. Venting of Appliances minimum Safe Performance. Venting systems shall be designed and constructed to convey flue, vent, or both gases to the outdoors. [NFPA 54-12:12.1] installation. Listed vents shall be installed in accordance with this chapter and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.2.3] Prohibited Discharge. Appliance vents shall not discharge into a space enclosed by screens having openings less than 1 4 of an inch (6.4 mm) mesh Specification for Venting. Gas water heating equipment for swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be vented Direct-Vent Appliances. Listed direct-vent appliances shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and Section of this code. [NFPA 54:12.3.5] Design and Construction. A venting system shall be designed and constructed so as to develop a positive flow to convey flue or vent gases to the outdoors. [NFPA 54:12.1] Appliance Draft requirements. A venting system shall satisfy the draft requirements of the appliance in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.4.1] Appliance Venting requirements. Appliances required to be vented shall be connected to a venting system designed and installed in accordance with the provisions of Section through Section [NFPA 54:12.4.2] mechanical Draft Systems. Mechanical draft systems shall be listed and shall be installed in accordance with both the appliance and the mechanical draft system manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Venting. Appliances requiring venting shall be permitted to be vented by means of mechanical draft systems of either forced or induced draft design. [NFPA 54: ] Leakage. Forced draft systems and portions of induced draft systems under positive pressure during operation shall be designed and installed so as to prevent leakage of flue or vent gases into a building. [NFPA 54: ] Vent Connectors. Vent connectors serving appliances vented by natural draft shall not be connected into mechanical draft systems operating under positive pressure. [NFPA 54: ] Operation. Where a mechanical draft system is employed, provision shall be made to prevent the flow of gas to the main burners where the draft system is not performing so as to satisfy the operating requirements of the appliance for safe performance. [NFPA 54: ] exit terminals. The exit terminals of mechanical draft systems shall be not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above finished ground level where located adjacent to public walkways and shall be located as specified in Section and Section of this code. [NFPA 54: ] type of Venting System to be used. The type of venting system to be used shall be in accordance with Table [NFPA 54:12.5.1] Plastic Piping. Plastic piping used for venting appliances listed for use with such venting materials shall be approved. [NFPA 54:12.5.2] 91

102 Plastic Vent Joints. Plastic pipe and fittings used to vent appliances shall be installed in accordance with the appliance manufacturer s installation instructions. Where primer is required, it shall be of a contrasting color. [NFPA 54:12.5.3] Special Gas Vent. Special gas vent shall be listed and installed in accordance with the special gas vent manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.5.4] table type OF VeNtiNG SyStem to be used [NFPA 54: table ] masonry, metal, and Factory-built Chimneys. The construction of masonry, metal, and factory-built chimneys shall comply with Section through Section Factory-built Chimneys. Factory-built chimneys shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Factory-built chimneys used to vent appliances that operate at positive vent pressure shall be listed for such application. [NFPA 54: ] metal Chimneys. Metal chimneys shall be built and installed in accordance with NFPA 211. [NFPA 54: ] masonry Chimneys. Masonry chimneys shall be built and installed in accordance with NFPA 211 and lined with approved clay flue lining, a listed chimney lining system, or other approved material that resists corrosion, erosion, softening, or cracking from vent gases at temperatures not exceeding 18 F (982 C). Exception: Masonry chimney flues lined with a chimney lining system specifically listed for use with listed gas appliances with draft hoods, Category I appliances, and other gas appliances listed for use with Type B vents shall be permitted. The liner shall be installed in accordance with the liner manufacturer s installation instructions. A permanent identifying label shall be attached at the point where the connection is to be made to the liner. The label shall read: This chimney liner is for appliances that burn gas only. Do not connect to solid- or liquid-fuel-burning appliances or incinerators. [NFPA 54: ] termination. A chimney for a residential-type or low-heat appliance shall extend not less than 3 feet (914 mm) above the highest point where it passes through the roof of a building and not less than 2 feet (61 mm) higher than a portion of a building within a horizontal distance of 1 feet (348 mm). (See Figure ) [NFPA 54: ] FiGure typical termition LOCAtiONS FOr CHimNeyS AND SiNGLe-WALL metal PiPeS SerViNG residential-type AND LOW-HeAt APPLiANCe [NFPA 54: FiGure ] medium-heat Gas Appliances. A chimney for a medium-heat appliance shall extend not less than 1 feet (348 mm) above a portion of a building within 25 feet (762 mm). [NFPA 54: ] Chimney Height. A chimney shall extend not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) above the highest connected appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar. [NFPA 54: ] Decorative Shrouds. Decorative shrouds shall not be installed at the termination of factory-built chimneys except where such shrouds are listed and labeled for use with the specific factory-built chimney system and are installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Size of Chimneys. The effective area of a chimney venting system serving listed appliances with draft hoods, Category I appliances, and other appliances listed for use with Type B vents shall be in accordance with one of the following methods [NFPA 54: ]: (1) Section [NFPA 54: (1)] (2) For sizing an individual chimney venting system for a single appliance with a draft hood, the effective areas of the vent connector and chimney flue shall be not less than the area of the appliance flue collar or draft hood outlet or exceeding seven times the draft hood outlet area. [NFPA 54: (2)] (3) For sizing a chimney venting system connected to two appliances with draft hoods, the effective area of the chimney flue shall be not less than the area of the larger draft hood outlet plus 5 percent of the area of the smaller draft hood outlet, or exceeding seven times the smallest draft hood outlet area. [NFPA 54: (3)] (4) Other approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: (5)] (5) Chimney venting systems using mechanical draft shall be sized in accordance with approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: (4)] 92

103 inspection of Chimneys. Before replacing an existing appliance or connecting a vent connector to a chimney, the chimney passageway shall be examined to ascertain that it is clear and free of obstructions and shall be cleaned where previously used for venting solid- or liquid-fuel-burning appliances or fireplaces. [NFPA 54: ] Standard. Chimneys shall be lined in accordance with NFPA 211. Exception: Existing chimneys shall be permitted to have their use continued where an appliance is replaced by an appliance of similar type, input rating, and efficiency, where the chimney is in accordance with Section , and the sizing of the chimney is in accordance with Section [NFPA 54: ] Cleanouts. Cleanouts shall be examined to determine that they will remain tightly closed where not in use. [NFPA 54: ] existing Chimney. Where inspection reveals that an existing chimney is not safe for the intended application, it shall be repaired, rebuilt, lined, relined, or replaced with a vent or chimney in accordance with NFPA 211 and shall be approved for the appliances to be attached. [NFPA 54: ] Chimney Serving Appliances burning Other Fuels. An appliance shall not be connected to a chimney flue serving a separate appliance designed to burn solid fuel. [NFPA 54: ] multiple Appliances. Where one chimney serves gas appliances and liquid fuel-burning appliances, the appliances shall be connected through separate openings or shall be connected through a single opening where joined by a fitting located as close as practical to the chimney. Where two or more openings are provided into one chimney flue, they shall be at different levels. Where the gas appliance is automatically controlled, it shall be equipped with a safety shutoff device. [NFPA 54: ] Combination Gas- and Oil-burning Appliances. A single chimney flue serving a listed combination gas- and oil-burning appliance shall be sized to vent the appliance. [NFPA 54: ] Support of Chimneys. Portions of chimneys shall be supported for the design and weight of the materials employed. Listed factory-built chimneys shall be supported and spaced in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.6.6] Cleanouts. Where a chimney that formerly carried flue products from liquid- or solid-fuel-burning appliances is used with an appliance using fuel gas, an accessible cleanout shall be provided. The cleanout shall have a tight-fitting cover and be installed so its upper edge is not less than 6 inches (152 mm) below the lower edge of the lowest chimney inlet opening. [NFPA 54:12.6.7] Space Surrounding Lining or Vent. The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent, special gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a masonry chimney flue shall not be used to vent another appliance. Exception: The insertion of another liner or vent within the chimney as provided in this code and the liner or vent manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Combustion Air. The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent, special gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a masonry chimney flue shall not be used to supply combustion air. Exception: Direct-vent appliances designed for installation in a solid-fuel-burning fireplace where installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Gas Vents. A gas vent passing through a roof shall extend through the entire roof flashing, roof jack, or roof thimble and be terminated with a listed termination cap. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(6)] installation. Type B or Type L vents shall extend in a vertical direction with offsets not exceeding 45 degrees (.79 rad), except that a vent system having not more than one 6 degree (1.5 rad) offset shall be permitted. An angle greater than 45 degrees (.79 rad) from the vertical is considered horizontal. The total horizontal distance of a vent plus the horizontal vent connector serving draft hood-equipped appliances shall be not greater than 75 percent of the vertical height of the vent. [NFPA 54: ] Fasteners. Screws, rivets, and other fasteners shall not penetrate the inner wall of double wall gas vents except at the transition from the appliance draft hood outlet, flue collar, or single wall metal connector to a double wall vent. [NFPA 54:12.7.1(4)] Additional termination requirements. A gas vent shall terminate in accordance with one of the following [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)]: (1) Gas vents that are 12 inches (35 mm) or less in size and located not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) from a vertical wall or similar obstruction shall terminate above the roof in accordance with Figure and Table Gas vents that exceed 12 inches (35 mm) in size or are located less than 8 feet (2438 mm) from a vertical wall or similar obstruction, shall terminate not less than 2 feet (61 mm) above the highest point where they pass through the roof and not less than 2 feet (61 mm) higher than a portion of a building within 1 feet (348 mm) horizontally. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)(a) and (b)] 93

104 (2) Direct-vent systems as provided in Section [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)(d)] (3) Mechanical draft systems as provided in Section [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)(f)] type b and L Vents. A Type B or a Type L gas vent shall terminate not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in vertical height above the highest connected appliance draft hood or flue collar. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(2)] exterior Wall termination. A gas vent extending through an exterior wall shall not terminate adjacent to the wall or below eaves or parapets, except as provided in Section and Section [NFPA 54:12.7.2(4)] Decorative Shrouds. Decorative shrouds shall not be installed at the termination of gas vents except where such shrouds are listed for use with the specific gas venting system and are installed in accordance with manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(5)] Forced Air inlet. A gas vent shall terminate not less than 3 feet (914 mm) above a forced air inlet located within 1 feet (348 mm). [NFPA 54:12.7.2(7)] FiGure GAS VeNt termition LOCAtiONS FOr LiSteD CAPS 12 inches Or LeSS in SiZe NOt LeSS than 8 Feet FrOm A VertiCAL WALL [NFPA 54: FiGure ] table roof PitCH HeiGHt [NFPA 54: table ] Size of Gas Vents. Venting systems shall be sized and constructed in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods and the gas vent and gas appliance manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.7.3] Category i Appliances. The sizing of natural draft venting systems serving one or more listed appliances equipped with a draft hood or appliances listed for use with Type B gas vent, installed in a single story of a building, shall be in accordance with one of the following methods: (1) The provisions of Section (2) Vents serving fan-assisted combustion system appliances, or combinations of fan-assisted combustion systems and draft hood-equipped appliances, shall be sized in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods. (3) For sizing an individual gas vent for a single, draft hood-equipped appliance, the effective area of the vent connector and the gas vent shall be not less than the area of the appliance draft hood outlet or exceeding seven times the draft hood outlet area. (4) For sizing a gas vent connected to two appliances, with draft hoods, the effective area of the vent shall be not less than the area of the larger draft hood outlet plus 5 percent of the area of the smaller draft hood outlet or exceeding seven times the smaller draft hood outlet area. (5) Approved engineering practices. [NFPA 54: ] Sizing. Chimney venting systems using mechanical draft shall be sized in accordance with approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: ] Support of Gas Vents. Gas vents shall be supported and spaced in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.7.5] marking. In those localities where solid and liquid fuels are used extensively, gas vents shall be permanently identified by a label attached to the wall or ceiling at a point where the vent connector enters the gas vent. The label shall read: This gas vent is for appliances that burn gas. Do not connect to solid- or liquid-fuel-burning appliances or incinerators. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall determine whether its area constitutes such a locality. [NFPA 54:12.7.6] Single-Wall metal Pipe. Single-wall metal pipe shall be constructed of galvanized sheet steel not less than.34 of an inch (.7722 mm) thick or of other approved, noncombustible, corrosion-resistant material. [NFPA 54:12.8.1] Cold Climate. Uninsulated single-wall metal pipe shall not be used outdoors for venting appliances. For venting appliances in regions where the 99 percent winter design temperature is below 32 F ( C). [NFPA 54:12.8.2] 94

105 termination. The termination of single-wall metal pipe shall comply with the following requirements: (1) Single-wall metal pipe shall terminate not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in vertical height above the highest connected appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar. (2) Single-wall metal pipe shall extend not less than 2 feet (61 mm) above the highest point where it passes through the roof of a building and not less than 2 feet (61 mm) exceeding a portion of a building within a horizontal distance of 1 feet (348 mm). (See Figure ) (3) An approved cap or roof assembly shall be attached to the terminus of a single-wall metal pipe. [NFPA 54:12.8.3] installation with Appliances Permitted by table Single-wall metal pipe shall not be used as a vent in dwellings and residential occupancies. [NFPA 54: ] table CLeArANCe FOr CONNeCtOrS [NFPA 54: table ]* table (1) reduction OF CLeArANCeS WitH SPeCiFieD FOrmS OF PrOteCtiON 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 11 [NFPA 54: table 1.2.3(b)] FiGure extent OF PrOteCtiON NeCeSSAry to reduce CLeArANCeS FrOm GAS APPLiANCeS Or VeNt CONNeCtOrS [NFPA 54: FiGure (a)] FiGure (1) WALL PrOteCtiON reduction SyStem [NFPA 54: FiGure (b)] FiGure (2) masonry CLeArANCe reduction SyStem [NFPA 54: FiGure (c)] Limitations. Single-wall metal pipe shall be used for runs directly from the space in which the appliance is located through the roof or exterior wall to the outer air. A pipe passing through a roof shall extend without interruption through the roof flashing, roof jacket, or roof thimble. [NFPA 54: ] Attic or Concealed Space. Single-wall metal pipe shall not originate in an unoccupied attic or concealed space and shall not pass through an attic, inside wall, concealed space, or floor. For the installation of a single-wall metal pipe through an exterior combustible wall. See Section [NFPA 54: ] Clearances. Minimum clearances from single-wall metal pipe to combustible material shall be in accordance with Table Reduced clearances from single-wall metal pipe to combustible material shall be as specified for vent connectors in Table (1). [NFPA 54: ] exterior. Single-wall metal pipe shall not pass through a combustible exterior wall unless guarded at the point of passage by a ventilated metal thimble not smaller than the following: (1) For listed appliances with draft hoods and appliances listed for use with Type B gas vents, the thimble shall be not less than 4 inches (12 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. Where there is a run of not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) of metal pipe in the opening between the draft hood outlet and the thimble, the thimble shall be not less than 2 inches (51 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. (2) For unlisted appliances having draft hoods, the thimble shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. (3) For residential and low-heat appliances, the thimble shall be not less than 12 inches (35 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. 95

106 Exception: In lieu of thimble protection, combustible material in the wall shall be removed a sufficient distance from the metal pipe to provide the specified clearance from such metal pipe to combustible material. Any material used to close up such opening shall be noncombustible. [NFPA 54: ] roof thimble. Where a single-wall metal pipe passes through a roof constructed of combustible material, a noncombustible, nonventilating thimble shall be used at the point of passage. The thimble shall extend not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above and 6 inches (152 mm) below the roof with the annular space open at the bottom and closed at the top. The thimble shall be sized in accordance with Section [NFPA 54: ] Size of Single-Wall metal Pipe. Single-wall metal piping shall comply with the following sections. [NFPA 54:12.8.5] Sizing of Venting System. A venting system of a single-wall metal pipe shall be sized in accordance with one of the following methods and the gas appliance manufacturer s instructions: (1) For a draft hood-equipped appliance, in accordance with Section (2) For a venting system for a single appliance with a draft hood, the areas of the connector and the pipe each shall be not less than the area of the appliance flue collar or draft hood outlet, whichever is smaller. The vent area shall not exceed seven times the draft hood outlet area. (3) Other approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54:12.8.5(1)] Non-round metal Pipe. Where a single-wall metal pipe is used and has a shape other than round, it shall have an effective area equal to the effective area of the round pipe for which it is substituted, and the internal dimension of the pipe shall be not less than 2 inches (51 mm). [NFPA 54:12.8.5(2)] Venting Capacity. The vent cap or a roof assembly shall have a venting capacity not less than that of the pipe to which it is attached. [NFPA 54:12.8.5(3)] Support of Single-Wall metal Pipe. Portions of single-wall metal pipe shall be supported for the design and weight of the material employed. [NFPA 54:12.8.6] marking. Single-wall metal pipe shall comply with the marking provisions of Section [NFPA 54:12.8.7] through-the-wall Vent termination. A mechanical draft venting system shall terminate not less than 3 feet (914 mm) above a forced air inlet located within 1 feet (348 mm). (See Figure 711.8) Exceptions: (1) This provision shall not apply to the combustion air intake of a direct-vent appliance. (2) This provision shall not apply to the separation of the integral outdoor air inlet and flue gas discharge of listed outdoor appliances. [NFPA 54:12.9.1] mechanical Draft Venting System. A mechanical draft venting system of other than direct-vent type shall terminate not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) below, 4 feet (1219 mm) horizontally from, or 1 foot (35 mm) above a door, operable window, or gravity air inlet into a building. The bottom of the vent terminal shall be located not less than 12 inches (35 mm) above finished grade. [NFPA 54:12.9.2] Direct-Vent Appliance. The vent terminal of a direct-vent appliance with an input of 1 Btu/h (3 kw) or less shall be located not less than 6 inches (152 mm) from an air opening into a building, and such an appliance with an input over 1 Btu/h (3 kw) but not exceeding 5 Btu/h (14.7 kw) shall be installed with a 9 inch (229 mm) vent termination clearance, and an appliance with an input over 5 Btu/h (14.7 kw) shall have not less than a 12 inch (35 mm) vent termination clearance. The bottom of the vent terminal and the air intake shall be located not less than 12 inches (35 mm) above finished grade. [NFPA 54:12.9.3] Nuisance and Hazard. Through-the-wall vents for Category II and Category IV appliances and non-categorized condensing appliances shall not terminate over public walkways or over an area where condensate or vapor is capable of creating a nuisance or hazard that is detrimental to the operation of regulators, relief valves, or other equipment. Where local experience indicates that condensate is a problem with Category I and Category III appliances, this provision shall also apply. Drains for condensate shall be installed in accordance with the appliance and the vent manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54-12:12.9.4] Annular Spaces. Where vents, including those for direct-vent appliances or combustion air intake pipes, penetrate outside walls of buildings, the annular spaces around such penetrations shall be permanently sealed using approved materials to prevent entry of combustion products into the building. [NFPA 54:12.9.5] Vent terminals. Vent terminals that terminate through an outside wall of a building shall be located not less than 1 feet (348 mm) horizontally from an operable opening in an adjacent building. This shall not apply to operable openings that are not less than 2 feet (61 mm) below or 25 feet (762 mm) above the elevation of the vent terminal. [NFPA 54-12:12.9.6] 96

107 FiGure exit termils OF mechanical DrAFt AND DireCt-VeNt VeNtiNG SyStemS [NFPA 54: FiGure A.12.9] Condensation Drain. Provision shall be made to collect and dispose of condensate from venting systems serving Category II and Category IV appliances and noncategorized condensing appliances in accordance with Section [NFPA 54:12.1.1] Local experience. Where local experience indicates that condensation is a problem, provision shall be made to drain off and dispose of condensate from venting systems serving Category I and Category III appliances in accordance with Section [NFPA 54:12.1.2] Vent Connectors for Category i Appliances. A vent connector shall be used to connect appliances to a gas vent, chimney, or single-wall metal pipe, except where the gas vent, chimney, or single-wall metal pipe is directly connected to the appliance. [NFPA 54: ] materials. A vent connector shall be made of noncombustible, corrosion resistant material capable of withstanding the vent gas temperature produced by the appliance and of a thickness to withstand physical damage. [NFPA 54: ] unconditioned Area. Where the vent connector used for appliances having a draft hood or a Category I appliance is located in or passes through an unconditioned area, attic or crawl space, that portion of the vent connector shall be listed Type B, Type L, or listed vent material having equivalent insulation qualities. Exception: Single-wall metal pipe located within the exterior walls of the building and located in an unconditioned area other than an attic or a crawl space having a local 99 percent winter design temperature of 5 F (-15 C) or higher. [NFPA 54-12: ] residential-type Appliances. Vent connectors for residential-type appliances shall comply with the following: (1) Vent connectors for listed appliances having draft hoods, appliances having draft hoods and equipped with listed conversion burners that are not installed in attics, crawl spaces, or other unconditioned areas shall be one of the following: (a) Type B or Type L vent material. (b) Galvanized sheet steel not less than.18 of an inch (.457 mm) thick. (c) Aluminum (11 or 33 alloy or equivalent) sheet not less than.27 of an inch (.686 mm) thick. (d) Stainless steel sheet not less than.12 of an inch (.35 mm) thick. (e) Smooth interior wall metal pipe having resistance to heat and corrosion equal to or exceeding that of Section (1)(b), Section (1)(c) or Section (1)(d) above. (f) A listed vent connector. (2) Vent connectors shall not be covered with insulation. Exception: Listed insulated vent connectors shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Non-residential Low-Heat Appliances. A vent connector for a non-residential low-heat appliance shall be a factory-built chimney section or steel pipe having resistance to heat and corrosion equivalent to the galvanized pipe specified in Table Factory-built chimney sections shall be installed in accordance with the chimney manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] For vent connectors for medium-heat equipment, see Table (1). table minimum thickness FOr GALVANiZeD SteeL VeNt CONNeCtOrS FOr LOW-HeAt APPLiANCeS [NFPA 54: table ] table (1) minimum thickness FOr SteeL VeNt CONNeCtOrS FOr medium-heat APPLiANCeS AND COmmerCiAL AND industrial incinerators [NFPA 54: table ] Size of Vent Connector. A vent connector for an appliance with a single draft hood or for a Category I fan-assisted combustion system appliance shall be sized and installed in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: ] 97

108 manifold. For a single appliance having more than one draft hood outlet or flue collar, the manifold shall be constructed according to the instructions of the appliance manufacturer. Where there are no instructions, the manifold shall be designed and constructed in accordance with approved engineering practices. As an alternate method, the effective area of the manifold shall equal the combined area of the flue collars or draft hood outlets, and the vent connectors shall have not less than 1 foot (35 mm) rise. [NFPA 54: ] Size. Where two or more appliances are connected to a common vent or chimney, each vent connector shall be sized in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: ] As an alternative method applicable where the appliances are draft hood-equipped, each vent connector shall have an effective area not less than the area of the draft hood outlet of the appliance to which it is connected. [NFPA 54: ] Height. Where two or more appliances are vented through a common vent connector or vent manifold, the common vent connector or vent manifold shall be located at the highest level consistent with available headroom and clearance to combustible material and shall be sized in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: ] As an alternate method applicable where there are two draft hood-equipped appliances, the effective area of the common vent connector or vent manifold and junction fittings shall be not less than the area of the larger vent connector plus 5 percent of the areas of smaller flue collar outlets. [NFPA 54: ] Size increase. Where the size of a vent connector is increased to overcome installation limitations and obtain connector capacity equal to the appliance input, the size increase shall be made at the appliance draft hood outlet. [NFPA 54: ] two or more Appliances Connected to a Single Vent. Where two or more openings are provided into one chimney flue or vent, the openings shall be at different levels, or the connectors shall be attached to the vertical portion of the chimney or vent at an angle of 45 degrees (.79 rad) or less relative to the vertical. [NFPA 54: ] Height of Connector. Where two or more vent connectors enter a common vent, chimney flue, or single-wall metal pipe, the smaller connector shall enter at the highest level consistent with the available headroom or clearance to combustible material. [NFPA 54-12: ] Pressure. Vent connectors serving Category I appliances shall not be connected to a portion of a mechanical draft system operating under positive static pressure, such as those serving Category III or Category IV appliances. [NFPA 54: ] Clearance. Minimum clearances from vent connectors to combustible material shall comply with Table Exception: The clearance between a vent connector and combustible material shall be permitted to be reduced where the combustible material is protected as specified for vent connectors in Table (1). [NFPA 54: ] Joints. Joints between sections of connector piping and connections to flue collars or draft hood outlets shall be fastened in accordance with one of the following methods: (1) By sheet metal screws. (2) Vent connectors of listed vent material shall be assembled and connected to flue collars or draft hood outlets in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. (3) Other approved means. [NFPA 54: ] Slope. A vent connector shall be installed without dips or sags and shall slope upward toward the vent or chimney not less than 1 4 inch per foot (2.8 mm/m). Exception: Vent connectors attached to a mechanical draft system installed in accordance with the draft system manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Length of Vent Connector Single Wall Connector. The maximum horizontal length of a single-wall connector shall be 75 percent of the height of the chimney or vent except for engineered systems. [NFPA 54: ] type b Double Wall Connector. The maximum horizontal length of a Type B double-wall connector shall be 1 percent of the height of the chimney or vent, except for engineered systems. The maximum length of an individual connector for a chimney or vent system serving multiple appliances, from the appliance outlet to the junction with the common vent or another connector, shall be 1 percent of the height of the chimney or vent. [NFPA 54: ] Support. A vent connector shall be supported for the design and weight of the material employed to maintain clearances and prevent physical damage and separation of joints. [NFPA 54: ] Chimney Connection. Where entering a flue in a masonry or metal chimney, the vent connector shall be installed above the extreme bottom to avoid stoppage. Where a thimble or slip joint is used to facilitate removal of the connector, the con- 98

109 nector shall be attached to or inserted into the thimble or slip joint to prevent the connector from falling out. Means shall be employed to prevent the connector from entering so far as to restrict the space between its end and the opposite wall of the chimney flue. [NFPA 54: ] inspection. The entire length of a vent connector shall be readily accessible for inspection, cleaning, and replacement. [NFPA 54: ] Passage through Ceilings, Floors or Walls. A vent connector shall not pass through a ceiling, floor, or fireresistance-rated wall. A single-wall metal pipe connector shall not pass through an interior wall. Exception: Vent connectors made of listed Type B or Type L vent material and serving listed appliances with draft hoods and other appliances listed for use with Type B gas vents that pass through walls or partitions constructed of combustible material shall be installed with not less than the listed clearance to combustible material medium-heat Appliances. Vent connectors for medium-heat appliances shall not pass through walls or partitions constructed of combustible material. [NFPA 54: ] Draft Hoods and Draft Controls. Vented appliances shall be installed with draft hoods. Exception: Direct-vent appliances; fan-assisted combustion system appliances; appliances requiring chimney draft for operation; single firebox boilers equipped with conversion burners with inputs exceeding 4 Btu/h (117 kw); appliances equipped with blast, power, or pressure burners that are not listed for use with draft hoods; and appliances designed for forced venting. [NFPA 54: ] installation. A draft hood supplied with or forming a part of listed vented appliances shall be installed without alteration, exactly as furnished and specified by the appliance manufacturer. Where a draft hood is not supplied by the appliance manufacturer where one is required, a draft hood shall be installed, be of a listed or approved type, and, in the absence of other instructions, be of the same size as the appliance flue collar. Where a draft hood is required with a conversion burner, it shall be of a listed or approved type. Where a draft hood of special design is needed or preferable, the installation shall be in accordance with the recommendations of the appliance manufacturer and shall be with the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54: ] Draft Control Devices. Where a draft control device is part of the appliance or is supplied by the appliance manufacturer, it shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. In the absence of manufacturer s installation instructions, the device shall be attached to the flue collar of the appliance or as near to the appliance as practical. [NFPA 54: ] Additional Devices. Appliances (except incinerators) requiring controlled chimney draft shall be permitted to be equipped with a listed double-acting barometric draft regulator installed and adjusted in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Location. Draft hoods and barometric draft regulators shall be installed in the same room or enclosure as the appliance in such a manner as to prevent a difference in pressure between the hood or regulator and the combustion air supply. [NFPA 54: ] Positioning. Draft hoods and draft regulators shall be installed in the position for which they were designed with reference to the horizontal and vertical planes and shall be located so that the relief opening is not obstructed by a part of the appliance or adjacent construction. The appliance and its draft hood shall be located so that the relief opening is accessible for checking vent operation. [NFPA 54: ] Clearance. A draft hood shall be located so that its relief opening is not less than 6 inches (152 mm) from a surface except that of the appliance it serves and the venting system to which the draft hood is connected. Where a greater or lesser clearance is indicated on the appliance label, the clearance shall not be less than that specified on the label. Such clearances shall not be reduced. [NFPA 54: ] manually Operated Dampers. A manually operated damper shall not be placed in an appliance vent connector. Fixed baffles shall not be classified as manually operated dampers. [NFPA 54:12.14] Automatically Operated Vent Dampers. An automatically operated vent damper shall be of a listed type. [NFPA 54:12.15] Obstructions. Devices that retard the flow of vent gases shall not be installed in a vent connector, chimney, or vent. The following shall not be considered as obstructions: (1) Draft regulators and safety controls specifically listed for installation in venting systems and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. (2) Approved draft regulators and safety controls designed and installed in accordance with approved engineering methods. (3) Listed heat reclaimers and automatically operated vent dampers installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. 99

110 (4) Vent dampers serving listed appliances installed in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods. (5) Approved economizers, heat reclaimers, and recuperators installed in venting systems of appliances not required to be equipped with draft hoods, provided the appliance manufacturer s installation instructions cover the installation of such a device in the venting system and performance in accordance with Section and Section is obtained. [NFPA 54:12.16] 712. Sizing of Category i Venting Systems installation. These venting tables shall not be used where obstructions are installed in the venting system. The installation of vents serving listed appliances with vent dampers shall be installed in accordance with the appliance manufacturer s installation instructions or in accordance with the following: (1) The maximum capacity of the vent system shall be determined using the T Max column. (2) The minimum capacity shall be determined as though the appliance were a fan-assisted appliance, using the FAN Min column to determine the minimum capacity of the vent system. Where the corresponding FAN Min is, the vent configuration shall be not permitted and an alternative venting configuration shall be utilized. [NFPA 54:13.1.1] Vent Downsizing. Where the vent size determined from the tables is smaller than the appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar, the use of the smaller size shall be permitted, provided that the installation is in accordance with the following requirements: (1) The total vent height (H) is not less than 1 feet (348 mm). (2) Vents for appliance draft hood outlets or flue collars 12 inches (35 mm) in diameter or smaller are not reduced more than one table size. (3) Vents for appliance draft hood outlets or flue collars exceeding 12 inches (35 mm) in diameter are not reduced more than two table sizes. (4) The maximum capacity listed in the tables for a fan-assisted appliance is reduced by 1 percent (.9 x maximum table capacity). (5) The draft hood outlet exceeds 4 inches (12 mm) in diameter. A 3 inch (76 mm) diameter vent shall not be connected to a 4 inch (12 mm) diameter draft hood outlet. This provision shall not apply to fan-assisted appliances. [NFPA 54:13.1.2] elbows. Single-appliance venting configurations with zero lateral lengths in Table (1), Table (2), and Table (5) shall not have elbows in the venting system. Single-appliance venting with lateral lengths, include two 9 degree (1.57 rad) elbows. For each additional elbow up to and including 45 degrees (.79 rad), the maximum capacity listed in the venting tables shall be reduced by 5 percent. For each additional elbow greater than 45 degrees (.79 rad) up to and including 9 degrees (1.57 rad), the maximum capacity listed in the venting tables shall be reduced by 1 percent. Where multiple offsets occur in a vent, the total lateral length of offsets combined shall not exceed that specified in Table (1) through Table (5). [NFPA 54:13.1.3] Zero Lateral. Zero lateral (L) shall apply to a straight vertical vent attached to a top outlet draft hood or flue collar. [NFPA 54:13.1.4] High-Altitude installations. Sea level input ratings shall be used where determining maximum capacity for highaltitude installation. Actual input (derated for altitude) shall be used for determining minimum capacity for high-altitude installation. [NFPA 54:13.1.5] multiple input ratings. For appliances with more than one input rate, the minimum vent capacity (FAN Min) determined from the tables shall be less than the lowest appliance input rating, and the maximum vent capacity (FAN Max/T Max) determined from the tables shall exceed the highest appliance rating input. [NFPA 54:13.1.6] Corrugated Chimney Liner reduction. Listed corrugated metallic chimney liner systems in masonry chimneys shall be sized by using Table (1) or Table (2) for Type B vents, with the maximum capacity reduced by 2 percent (.8 x maximum capacity) and the minimum capacity as shown in Table (1) or Table (2). Corrugated metallic liner systems installed with bends or offsets shall have their maximum capacity further reduced in accordance with Section The 2 percent reduction for corrugated metallic chimney liner systems includes an allowance for one long radius 9 degree (1.57 rad) turn at the bottom of the liner. [NFPA 54:13.1.7] Connection to Chimney Liners. Connections between chimney liners and listed double-wall connectors shall be made with listed adapters designed for such purposes. [NFPA 54:13.1.8] Vertical Vent upsizing using 7x rule. Where the vertical vent has a larger diameter than the vent connector, the vertical vent diameter shall be used to determine the minimum vent capacity, and the connector diameter shall be used to determine the maximum vent capacity. The flow area of the vertical vent shall not exceed seven times the flow area of the listed appliance categorized vent area, flue collar area, or draft hood outlet area unless designed in accordance with approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54:13.1.9] 1

111 Draft Hood Conversion Accessories. Draft hood conversion accessories for use with masonry chimneys venting listed Category I fan-assisted appliances shall be listed and installed in accordance with the listed accessory manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:13.1.1] Chimney and Vent Locations. Table (1) through Table (5) shall be used for chimneys and vents not exposed to the outdoors below the roof line. A Type B vent or listed chimney lining system passing through an unused masonry chimney flue shall not be considered to be exposed to the outdoors. Where vents extend outdoors above the roof more than 5 feet (1524 mm) higher than required by Table , and where vents terminate in accordance with Section (1), the outdoor portion of the vent shall be enclosed as required by this section for vents not considered to be exposed to the outdoors or such venting system shall be engineered. A Type B vent passing through an unventilated enclosure or chase insulated to a value of not less than R-8 shall not be considered to be exposed to the outdoors. Table (3) in combination with Table (6) shall be used for clay-tile-lined exterior masonry chimneys, provided the following are met: (1) The vent connector is Type B double wall. (2) The vent connector length is limited to 18 inches per inch (18 mm/mm) of vent connector diameter. (3) The appliance is draft hood-equipped. (4) The input rating is less than the maximum capacity given in Table (3). (5) For water heating equipment, the outdoor design temperature shall be not less than 5 F (-15 C). (6) For a space-heating appliance, the input rating exceeds the minimum capacity given by Table (6). [NFPA 54-12: ] Corrugated Vent Connector Size. Corrugated vent connectors shall not be smaller than the listed appliance categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter, or draft hood outlet diameter. [NFPA 54: ] upsizing. Vent connectors shall not be upsized more than two sizes exceeding the listed appliance categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter, or draft hood outlet diameter. [NFPA 54: ] Single run of Vent. In a single run of vent or vent connector, more than one diameter and type shall be permitted to be used, provided that the sizes and types are permitted by the tables. [NFPA 54: ] interpolation. Interpolation shall be permitted in calculating capacities for vent dimensions that fall between table entries. [NFPA 54: ] extrapolation. Extrapolation beyond the table entries shall not be permitted. [NFPA 54: ] engineering methods. For vent heights lower than 6 feet (1829 mm) and exceeding vent heights shown in the tables, engineering methods shall be used to calculate vent capacities. [NFPA 54: ] Height entries. Where the actual height of a vent falls between entries in the height column of the applicable table in Table (1) through Table (6), either: (1) Interpolation shall be used. (2) The lower vent capacity shown in the table entries shall be used for FAN Max and T Max column values and the higher vent capacity shall be used for the FAN Min column values. [NFPA 54-12: ] Additional requirements to multiple Appliance Vent table 712.2(1) through table 712.2(9). These venting tables shall not be used where obstructions are installed in the venting system. The installation of vents serving listed appliances with vent dampers shall be installed in accordance with the appliance manufacturer s installation instructions or in accordance with the following: (1) The maximum capacity of the vent connector shall be determined using the T Max column. (2) The maximum capacity of the vertical vent or chimney shall be determined using the FAN + T column where the second appliance is a fan-assisted appliance, or the T + T column where the second appliance is equipped with a draft hood. (3) The minimum capacity shall be determined as if the appliance were a fan-assisted appliance. (a) The minimum capacity of the vent connector shall be determined using the FAN Min column. (b) The FAN + FAN column shall be used where the second appliance is a fan-assisted appliance, and the FAN + T column shall be used where the second appliance is equipped with a draft hood, to determine whether the vertical vent or chimney configuration is not permitted (). Where the vent configuration is, the vent configuration shall not be permitted and an alternative venting configuration shall be utilized. [NFPA 54:13.2.1] FiGure (6) A range OF WiNter DeSiGN temperatures used in ALyZiNG exterior masonry CHimNeyS in the united StAteS [NFPA 54: FiGure G.2.4] 11

112 Vent Connector maximum Length. The maximum vent connector horizontal length shall be 18 inches per inch (18 mm/mm) of connector diameter as shown in Table , or as permitted by Section [NFPA 54-12:13.2.2] table VeNt CONNeCtOr maximum LeNGtH [NFPA 54: table ] Vent Connector exceeding maximum Length. The vent connector shall be routed to the vent utilizing the shortest possible route. Connectors with longer horizontal lengths than those listed in Table are permitted under the following conditions: (1) The maximum capacity (FAN Max or T Max) of the vent connector shall be reduced 1 percent for each additional multiple of the length listed in Table For example, the length listed for a 4 inch (12 mm) connector shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm). With a connector length exceeding 6 feet (1829 mm) but not exceeding 12 feet (3658 mm), the maximum capacity shall be reduced by 1 percent (.9 x maximum vent connector capacity). With a connector length exceeding 12 feet (3658 mm) but not exceeding 18 feet (5486 mm), the maximum capacity shall be reduced by 2 percent (.8 x maximum vent capacity). (2) For a connector serving a fan-assisted appliance, the minimum capacity (FAN Min) of the connector shall be determined by referring to the corresponding single appliance table. For Type B double-wall connectors, Table (1) shall be used. For single-wall connectors, Table (2) shall be used. The height (H) and lateral (L) shall be measured according to the procedures for a single appliance vent, as if the other appliances were not present. [NFPA 54:13.2.3] ten Percent reduction. Where the vent connectors are combined prior to entering the vertical portion of the common vent to form a common vent manifold, the size of the common vent manifold and the common vent shall be determined by applying a 1 percent reduction (.9 x maximum common vent capacity) to the common vent capacity part of the common vent tables. The length of the common vent connector manifold (LM) shall not exceed 18 inches per inch (18 mm/mm) of common vent diameter (D). (See Appendix B) [NFPA 54:13.2.4] Vent Offset. Where the common vertical vent is offset, the maximum capacity of the common vent shall be reduced in accordance with Section , and the horizontal length of the common vent offset shall not exceed 18 inches per inch (18 mm/mm) of common vent diameter. Where multiple offsets occur in a common vent, the total horizontal length of offsets combined shall not exceed 18 inches per inch (18 mm/mm) of common vent diameter. [NFPA 54:13.2.5] elbow reduction. For each elbow up to and including 45 degrees (.79 rad) in the common vent, the maximum common vent capacity listed in the venting tables shall be reduced by 5 percent. For each elbow exceeding 45 degrees (.79 rad) up to and including 9 degrees (1.57 rad), the maximum common vent capacity listed in the venting tables shall be reduced by 1 percent. [NFPA 54:13.2.6] Common Vent minimum Size. The cross-sectional area of the common vent shall be equal to or exceeding the crosssectional area of the largest connector. [NFPA 54:13.2.8] tee and Wye Fittings. Tee and wye fittings connected to a common gas vent shall be considered as part of the common gas vent and constructed of materials consistent with that of the common gas vent. [NFPA 54:13.2.9] Size of Fittings. At the point where tee or wye fittings connect to a common gas vent, the opening size of the fitting shall be equal to the size of the common vent. Such fittings shall not be prohibited from having reduced size openings at the point of connection of appliance gas vent connectors. [NFPA 54:13.2.1] High-Altitude installations. Sea level input ratings shall be used where determining maximum capacity for highaltitude installation. Actual input (derated for altitude) shall be used for determining minimum capacity for high-altitude installation. [NFPA 54: ] Connector rise. The connector rise (R) for each appliance connector shall be measured from the draft hood outlet or flue collar to the centerline where the vent gas streams come together. [NFPA 54: ] Vent Height. For multiple units of appliances located on one floor, total height (H) shall be measured from the highest draft hood outlet or flue collar up to the level of the outlet of the common vent. [NFPA 54: ] multistory installations. For multistory installations, total height (H) for each segment of the system shall be the vertical distance between the highest draft hood outlet or flue collar entering that segment and the centerline of the next higher interconnection tee. [NFPA 54: ] Size of Vents for multistory installations. The size of the lowest connector and of the vertical vent leading to the lowest interconnection of a multistory system shall be in accordance with Table (1) or Table (2) for available total height (H) up to the lowest interconnection. [NFPA 54: ] 12

113 Vent type multistory installations. Where used in multistory systems, vertical common vents shall be Type B double-wall and shall be installed with a listed vent cap. [NFPA 54: ] Offsets in multistory installations. Offsets in multistory common vent systems shall be limited to a single offset in each system, and systems with an offset shall comply with the following: (1) The offset angle shall not exceed 45 degrees (.79 rad) from vertical. (2) The horizontal length of the offset shall not exceed 18 inches per inch (18 mm/mm) of common vent diameter of the segment in which the offset is located. (3) For the segment of the common vertical vent containing the offset, the common vent capacity listed in the common venting tables shall be reduced by 2 percent (.8 x maximum common vent capacity). (4) A multistory common vent shall not be reduced in size above the offset. [NFPA 54: ] multiple input ratings. For appliances with more than one input rate, the minimum vent connector capacity (FAN Min) determined from the tables shall be less than the lowest appliance input rating, and the maximum vent connector capacity (FAN Max or T Max) determined from the table shall exceed the highest appliance input rating. [NFPA 54: ] Corrugated metallic Chimney Liner reduction. Listed corrugated metallic chimney liner systems in masonry chimneys shall be sized by using Table 712.2(1) or Table 712.2(2) for Type B vents, with the maximum capacity reduced by 2 percent (.8 x maximum capacity) and the minimum capacity as shown in Table 712.2(1) or Table 712.2(2). Corrugated metallic liner systems installed with bends or offsets shall have their maximum capacity further reduced in accordance with Section and Section The 2 percent reduction for corrugated metallic chimney liner systems includes an allowance for one long radius 9 degree (1.57 rad) turn at the bottom of the liner. [NFPA 54:13.2.2] Chimneys and Vents. Table 712.2(1) through Table 712.2(5) shall be used for chimneys and vents not exposed to the outdoors below the roof line. A Type B vent passing through an unventilated enclosure or chase insulated to a value of not less than R-8 shall not be considered to be exposed to the outdoors. Where vents extend outdoors above the roof more than 5 feet (1524 mm) higher than required by Table , and where vents terminate in accordance with Section (1), the outdoor portion of the vent shall be enclosed as required by this section for vents not considered to be exposed to the outdoors or such venting system shall be engineered. Table 712.2(6) through Table 712.2(9) shall be used for clay-tile-lined exterior masonry chimneys, provided the following conditions are met: (1) Vent connector is Type B double-wall. (2) One appliance is draft hood-equipped. (3) The combined appliance input rating is less than the maximum capacity given by Table 712.2(6) (for T + T) or Table 712.2(8) (for FAN + T). (4) The input rating of each space-heating appliance exceeds the minimum input rating given by Table 712.2(7) (for T + T) or Table 712.2(9) (for FAN + T). (5) The vent connector sizing is in accordance with Table 712.2(3). [NFPA 54-12: ] Vent Connector Size Limitations. Vent connectors shall not be increased more than two sizes exceeding the listed appliance categorized vent diameter, flue collar diameter, or draft hood outlet diameter. Vent connectors for draft hoodequipped appliances shall not be smaller than the draft hood outlet diameter. Where vent connector sizes determined from the tables for fan-assisted appliances are smaller than the flue collar diameter, the use of the smaller sizes shall be permitted provided that the installation is in accordance with the following conditions: (1) Vent connectors for fan-assisted appliance flue collars 12 inches (35 mm) in diameter or smaller are not reduced by more than one table size [e.g., 12 inches to 1 inches (35 mm to 254 mm) is a one size reduction] and those exceeding 12 inches (35 mm) in diameter are not reduced exceeding two table sizes [e.g., 24 inches to 2 inches (61 mm to 58 mm) is a two size reduction]. (2) Fan-assisted appliances are common vented with a draft hood-equipped appliance. (3) The vent connector has a smooth interior wall. [NFPA 54: ] Combination of Pipe types and Sizes. Combinations of pipe sizes, single-wall, and double-wall metal pipe shall be allowed within a connector run or within the common vent, provided the appropriate tables permit the desired sizes and types of pipe, where they were used for the entire length of the subject connector or vent. Where single-wall and Type B double-wall metal pipes are used for vent connectors within the same venting system, the common vent shall be sized in accordance with Table 712.2(2) or Table 712.2(4). [NFPA 54: ] multiple Connector and Vent Sizes. Where a table permits more than one diameter of pipe to be used for a connector or vent, the permitted sizes shall be permitted to be used. [NFPA 54: ] interpolation. Interpolation shall be permitted in calculating capacities for vent dimensions that fall between table entries. [NFPA 54: ] 13

114 extrapolation. Extrapolation beyond the table entries shall not be permitted. [NFPA 54: ] engineering methods. For vent heights lower than 6 feet (1829 mm) and exceeding vent heights shown in the tables, engineering methods shall be used to calculate vent capacities. [NFPA 54: ] Height entries. Where the actual height of a vent falls between entries in the height column of the applicable table in Table 712.2(1) through Table 712.2(9), either: (1) Interpolation shall be used. (2) The lower vent capacity shown in the table entries shall be used for FAN Max and T Max column values and the higher vent capacity shall be used for the FAN Min column values. [NFPA 54-12:13.2.3] 713. Direct-Vent Appliances General. Listed direct-vent appliances shall be considered properly vented where installed in accordance with the terms of its listing, the manufacturer s instructions, and Section [NFPA 54:12.3.5] table (1) type b DOubLe-WALL GAS VeNt [NFPA 54: table 13.1(a)]* table (2) type b DOubLe-WALL GAS VeNt [NFPA 54: table 13.1(b)]* table (3) masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54: table 13.1(c)]* table (4) masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54: table 13.1(d)]* table (5) SiNGLe-WALL metal PiPe Or type b ASbeStOS CemeNt VeNt [NFPA 54: table 13.1(e)]* table (6) exterior masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54-12: table 13.1(f)] 1, 2 table 712.2(1) type b DOubLe-WALL VeNt [NFPA 54: table 13.2(a)] table 712.2(2) type b DOubLe-WALL VeNt [NFPA 54: table 13.2(b)] table 712.2(3) masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54: table 13.2(c)]* table 712.2(4) masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54: table 13.2(d)]* table 712.2(5) SiNGLe-WALL metal PiPe Or type b ASbeStOS CemeNt VeNt [NFPA 54: table 13.2(e)]* table 712.2(6) exterior masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54-12: table 13.2(f)]* 14

115 table 712.2(7) exterior masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54-12: table 13.2(g)] 1, 2 table 712.2(8) exterior masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54-12: table 13.2(h)]* table 712.2(9) exterior masonry CHimNey [NFPA 54-12: table 13.2(i)] 1, Chimney, Factory-built. A chimney composed of listed factory-built components assembled in accordance with the terms of listing to form the completed chimney. [NFPA 54: ] Chimney, masonry. A field-constructed chimney of solid masonry units, bricks, stones, listed masonry chimney units, or reinforced portland cement concrete, lined with suitable chimney flue liners. [NFPA 54: ] Chimney, metal. A chimney constructed of metal with a minimum thickness not less than.127 inch (3.23 mm) (No. 1 manufacturer s standard gauge) steel sheet. Chimney Connector. The pipe that connects a fuel-burning appliance to a chimney. Combustible material.as pertaining to materials adjacent to or in contact with heat-producing appliances, vent connectors, gas vents, chimneys, steam and hot water pipes, and warm air ducts, materials made of or surfaced with wood, compressed paper, plant fibers, or other materials that are capable of being ignited and burned. Such material shall be considered combustible even though flame-proofed, fireretardant treated, or plastered. [NFPA 54: ] Confined Space. A room or space having a volume less than 5 cubic feet per 1 British thermal units per hour (Btu/h) (4.83 m 3 /kw) of the aggregate input rating of all fuel burning appliances installed in that space. 26. Direct-Vent Appliances. Appliances that are constructed and installed so that air for combustion is derived directly from the outdoors and flue gases are discharged to the outdoors. [NFPA 54: ] 28. Flammable Vapors or Fumes. The concentration of flammable constituents in air that exceeds 25 percent of its lower flammability limit (LFL). Flue Collar. That portion of an appliance designed for the attachment of a draft hood, vent connector, or venting system. [NFPA 54:3.3.46] Fuel Gas Venting System. A continuous open passageway from the flue collar or draft hood of an appliance to the outdoors for the purpose of removing flue or vent gases. [NFPA 54: ] 222. type b Gas Vent. A factory-made gas vent listed by nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or approved appliances equipped to burn only gas. type bw Gas Vent. A factory-made gas vent listed by a nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or approved gas-fired vented wall furnaces. type L Gas Vent. A venting system consisting of listed vent piping and fittings for use with oil-burning appliances listed for use with Type L or with listed gas appliances unconfined Space. A room or space having a volume equal to not less than 5 cubic feet per 1 Btu/h (4.83 m 3 /kw) of the aggregate input rating of all fuel-burning appliances installed in that space. Rooms communicating directly with the space in which the appliances are installed, through openings not furnished with doors, are considered a part of the unconfined space Vent Collar. The outlet opening of an appliance provided for connection of the vent system. Vent Connector. That portion of a gas venting system that connects a listed gas appliance to a gas vent and is installed within the space or area in which the appliance is located. 15

116 APPeNDiX b SiZiNG OF VeNtiNG SyStemS AND COmbitiON indoor/outdoor COmbuStiON AND VeNtiLAtiON OPeNiNGS (The content of this Appendix is based on Annex G and Annex J of NFPA 54) SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The revisions to Chapter 7, and deletion of Appendix B and applicable fuel gas venting definitions in Chapter 2, are being proposed as it does not make sense for the USPSHTC to provide fuel gas venting provisions that are not specific to swimming pool, spa, and hot tub installations. Therefore, this code change proposal maintains the code provisions within Chapter 7 that pertain to all types of water heating equipment, and deletes those provisions that pertain to fuel gas venting that are identical to those already found in the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) and Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC). 2. The revisions to Section 74.1 (General) provide the necessary fuel-gas water heating equipment installation, venting, and combustion air requirements for the end user by referencing the manufacturer s installation instructions and the mechanical code, which is consistent in practice with other swimming pool, spa, and hot tub codes. 3. Chapter 7 pertains to all types of water heating equipment that utilize energy from other sources besides fuel gas. If it can be argued that the fuel gas venting provisions are necessary for the USPSHTC, then similar installation provisions that involve solar energy, electric, or heat pump should be provided as well. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 16

117 USPSHTC 215 (76.5): Item # 67 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Revise text as follows: 76.5 electric Water Heating equipment. Electric water heating equipment for pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be installed in accordance comply with UL 1261 or UL 1563 and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Exception: Electric water heating equipment for self-contained spas that comply with UL SubStANtiAtiON: UL 1261 is a product certification standard, not an installation standard. Electric water heating equipment should comply with the product certification standard and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. In addition, water heating equipment that is an integral part of a listed self-contained spa which has been evaluated to UL 1563 is not required to be further evaluated. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 17

118 USPSHTC 215 (79.4): Item # 68 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 79.4 Drainage Pan. Where water heating equipment is located in an attic, in or on an attic-ceiling assembly, floor-ceiling assembly, or floor-subfloor assembly where damage results from leaking water heating equipment, a watertight pan of corrosion-resistant materials shall be installed beneath the water heating equipment with not less than 3 4 of an inch (2 mm) diameter drain to an approved location. Such pan shall be not less than 1 1 / 2 inches (38 mm) in depth. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revisions to Section 79.4 correlate with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for water heating equipment drainage pans. 2. The current language does not clearly address installations on an attic-ceiling assembly, floor-ceiling assembly, or floor-subfloor assembly which is the intent of this section of code, and has caused confusion within the industry in regards to the application and enforcement of this section. 3. The depth of the pan is important for ensuring that enough space is provided for the drain connection fitting generally located on the side of the pan. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 18

119 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 69 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Revise text as follows: Special Gas Vents. Special gas vents shall be listed and installed in accordance with the special gas vent manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.5.4]. Special gas vents shall comply with UL SubStANtiAtiON: Section requires products to be listed. UL 1738 is the standard that is used to certify these products. UL 1738 is currently referenced in Chapter 1. This proposal will assist users of this code to readily identify the appropriate standard. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: Section was deleted in Item # 66, and therefore the proposed change is no longer applicable. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 19

120 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 7 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Revise text as follows: Factory-built Chimneys. Factory-built chimneys shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Factory-built chimneys used to vent appliances that operate at positive vent pressure shall be listed for such application. [NFPA 54: ] Factory-built chimneys shall comply with UL 13. SubStANtiAtiON: UL 13 is the standard that is used to certify these products. UL 13 is already referenced in Chapter 1. This proposal will assist users of this code to readily identify the appropriate standard. COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: Section was deleted in Item # 66, and therefore the proposed change is no longer applicable. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 11

121 USPSHTC 215 (32.8, 35.4, 39.8, Chapter 8, 23., 24., 27., 28., 29., Item # , 218., 221., 222.): Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 32.8 Fuel Gas Piping. Fuel gas piping installations shall comply with the mechanical code unions. Approved unions shall be permitted to be used in drainage piping when accessibly located in the trap seal or between a fixture and its trap in the vent system, except underground or in wet vents at any point in the water supply system, and in gas piping as permitted by Section Steel Nail Plates. Plastic and copper piping penetrating framing members to within 1 inch (25.4 mm) of the exposed framing shall be protected by steel nail plates not less than 18 gauge (.478 inches) (1.2 mm) in thickness. The steel nail plate shall extend along the framing member not less than inches (38 mm) beyond the outside diameter of the pipe or tubing. Exception: See Section for fuel gas piping requirements. CHAPter 8 FueL GAS PiPiNG 81. General Applicability. The regulations of this chapter shall govern the installation of fuel gas piping in or in connection with swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs or within the property lines of premises up to 5 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (34 kpa), other than service pipe. Fuel oil piping systems shall be installed in accordance with NFPA Plans required General requirements. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require the submission of plans, specifications, drawings, and such other information as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, prior to the commencement of, and at a time during the progress of, work regulated by this code. The issuance of a permit upon plans and specifications shall not prevent the Authority Having Jurisdiction from thereafter requiring the correction of errors in said plans and specifications or from preventing construction operations being carried on thereunder where in violation of this code or a pertinent ordinance or from revoking a certificate of approval where issued in error. 83. Workmanship and Defects Strained Piping. No gas piping shall be strained or bent and no appliance shall be supported by or develop a strain or stress on its supply piping Defective Pipe. Gas pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be clear and free from cutting burrs and defects in structure or threading, and shall be thoroughly brushed and chip and scale blown. Defects in pipe, tubing, and fittings shall not be repaired. Defective pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be replaced. [NFPA 54:5.6.5] 83.3 Protective Coating. Where in contact with material or atmosphere exerting a corrosive action, metallic piping and fittings coated with a corrosion-resistant material shall be used. External or internal coatings or linings used on piping or components shall not be considered as adding strength. [NFPA 54:5.6.6] 84. inspection inspection Notification. Upon completion of the installation, alteration, or repair of gas piping, and prior to the use of thereof, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be notified that such gas piping is ready for inspection. 111

122 84.2 excavation. Excavations required for the installation of underground piping shall be kept open until such time as the piping has been inspected and approved. Where such piping is covered or concealed before such approval, it shall be exposed upon the direction of the Authority Having Jurisdiction type of inspections. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall make the following inspections and either shall approve that portion of the work as completed or shall notify the permit holder wherein the same fails to be in accordance with this code rough Piping inspection. This inspection shall be made after gas piping authorized by the permit has been installed and before such piping has been covered or concealed, or fixture or appliance has been attached thereto. This inspection shall include a determination that the gas piping size, material, and installation meet the requirements of this code Final Piping inspection. This inspection shall be made after piping authorized by the permit has been installed and after portions thereof that are to be covered or concealed are so concealed and before fixture, appliance, or shutoff valve has been attached thereto. This inspection shall comply with Section Test gauges used in conducting tests shall be in accordance with Section inspection Waived. In cases where the work authorized by the permit consists of a minor installation of additional piping to piping already connected to a gas meter, the foregoing inspections shall be permitted to be waived at the discretion of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. In this event, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall make such inspection as deemed advisable in order to be assured that the work has been performed in accordance with the intent of this code. 85. Certificate of inspection issuance. Where, upon final piping inspection, the installation is found to be in accordance with the provisions of this code, a certificate of inspection shall be permitted to be issued by the Authority Having Jurisdiction unlawful. It shall be unlawful for a serving gas supplier, or person furnishing gas, to turn on or cause to be turned on, a fuel gas or a gas meter or meters, until such certificate of final inspection, as herein provided, has been issued. 86. Authority to render Gas Service Authorized Personnel. It shall be unlawful for a person, firm, or corporation, excepting an authorized agent or employee of a person, firm, or corporation engaged in the business of furnishing or supplying gas and whose service pipes supply or connect with the particular premises, to turn on or reconnect gas service in or on a premises where and when gas service is, at the time, not being rendered Outlets. It shall be unlawful to turn on or connect gas in or on the premises unless outlets are securely connected to gas appliances or capped or plugged with screw joint fittings. 87. Authority to Disconnect Disconnection. The Authority Having Jurisdiction or the serving gas supplier is hereby authorized to disconnect gas piping or appliance or both that shall be found not to be in accordance with the requirements of this code or that are found defective and in such condition as to endanger life or property Notice. Where such disconnection has been made, a notice shall be attached to such gas piping or appliance or both that shall state the same has been disconnected, together with the reasons thereof Capped Outlets. It shall be unlawful to remove or disconnect gas piping or gas appliance without capping or plugging with a screw joint fitting, the outlet from which said pipe or appliance was removed. Outlets to which gas appliances are not connected shall be left capped, gastight on a piping system that has been installed, altered, or repaired. Exception: Where an approved listed quick-disconnect device is used. 88. temporary use of Gas General. Where temporary use of gas is desired and the Authority Having Jurisdiction deems the use necessary, a permit shall be permitted to be issued for such use for a period of time not to exceed that designated by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, provided that such gas piping system otherwise is in accordance with the requirements of this code regarding material, sizing, and safety. 89. Gas Piping System Design, materials, and Components installation of Piping System. Where required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, a piping sketch or plan shall be prepared before proceeding with the installation. This plan shall show the proposed location of piping, the size of different branches, the various load demands, and the location of the point of delivery. [NFPA 54:5.1.1] 112

123 Addition to existing System. Where additional appliances are being connected to a gas piping system, the existing piping shall be checked to determine whether it has adequate capacity. Where inadequate, the existing system shall be enlarged as required, or separate gas piping of adequate capacity shall be provided. [NFPA 54:5.1.2] 89.2 Provision for Location of Point of Delivery. The location of the point of delivery shall be acceptable to the serving gas supplier. [NFPA 54:5.2] 89.3 interconnections between Gas Piping Systems interconnections Supplying Separate users. Where two or more meters, or two or more service regulators where meters are not provided, are located on the same premises and supply separate users, the gas piping systems shall not be interconnected on the outlet side of the meters or service regulators. [NFPA 54:5.3.1] interconnections for Standby Fuels. Where a supplementary gas for standby use is connected downstream from a meter or a service regulator where a meter is not provided, a device to prevent backflow shall be installed. A three-way valve installed to admit the standby supply, and at the same time shut off the regular supply, shall be permitted to be used for this purpose. [NFPA 54:5.3.2] 89.4 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems. Gas piping systems shall be of such size and so installed as to provide a supply of gas to meet the maximum demand and supply gas to each appliance inlet at not less than the minimum supply pressure required by the appliance. [NFPA 54:5.4.1] maximum Gas Demand. The volumetric flow rate of gas to be provided (in cubic feet per hour) shall be calculated using the manufacturer s input ratings of the appliance served, adjusted for altitude. Where the input rating is not indicated, the gas supplier, appliance manufacturer, or a qualified agency shall be contacted. The total connected hourly load shall be used as the basis for piping sizing, assuming the appliances are operating at full capacity simultaneously. Exception: Sizing shall be permitted to be based upon established load diversity factors. [NFPA 54-12:5.4.2] Sizing methods. Gas piping shall be sized in accordance with one of the following: (1) Pipe sizing tables or sizing equations in this chapter. (2) Other approved engineering methods acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. (3) Sizing tables included in a listed piping system manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:5.4.3] Allowable Pressure Drop. The design pressure loss in a piping system under maximum probable flow conditions, from the point of delivery to the inlet connection of the appliance, shall be such that the supply pressure at the appliance is greater than or equal to the minimum pressure required by the appliance operation. [NFPA 54:5.4.4] maximum Design Operating Pressure. The maximum design operating pressure for piping systems located inside buildings shall not exceed 5 psi (34 kpa) unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (1) The piping system is welded. (2) The piping is located in a ventilated chase or otherwise enclosed for protection against accidental gas accumulation. (3) The piping is located inside buildings or separate areas of buildings used exclusively for one of the following: (a) Industrial processing or heating (b) Research (c) Warehousing (d) Boiler or mechanical equipment rooms (4) The piping is a temporary installation for buildings under construction. (5) The piping serves appliances or equipment used for agricultural purposes. (6) The piping system is an LP-Gas piping system with a design operating pressure greater than 2 psi (138 kpa). [NFPA 54:5.5.1] LP-Gas systems designed to operate below -5 F (-21 C) or with butane or a propane-butane mix shall be designed to either accommodate liquid LP-Gas or to prevent LP-Gas vapor from condensing back into liquid. [NFPA 54:5.5.2] Liquefied Petroleum Gas Systems. The maximum operating pressure of LP-Gas piping systems shall be: (1) In accordance with NFPA 58, where the pressure exceeds 2 psi (138 kpa). (2) Designed to either accommodate liquid LP-Gas or prevent LP-Gas vapor from condensing back into a liquid in buildingshaving systems designed to operate below -5 F (-21 C) or with butane or a propane-butane mix Acceptable Piping materials and Joining methods. Materials used for piping systems shall be in accordance with the requirements of this chapter or shall be acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54: ] materials. Pipe, fittings, valves, or other materials shall not be used again unless they are free of foreign materials and have been ascertained to be approved for the service intended. [NFPA 54: ] 113

124 Other materials. Material not covered by the standards specifications listed herein shall be investigated and tested to determine that it is safe and approved for the proposed service and, in addition, shall be recommended for that service by the manufacturer and shall be acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54: ] metallic Pipe Cast-iron. Cast-iron pipe shall not be used. [NFPA 54: ] Steel and Wrought-iron. Steel and wrought-iron pipe shall be not less than standard weight (Schedule 4) and shall comply with one of the following standards: (1) ASME B36.1 (2) ASTM A 53 (3) ASTM A 16 [NFPA 54: ] Copper and brass. Copper and brass pipe shall not be used where the gas contains more than an average of.3 grains of hydrogen sulfide per 1 standard cubic feet (scf) of gas (.7 mg/1 L). [NFPA 54: ] Threaded copper, brass, or aluminum alloy pipe shall not be used with gases corrosive to such material. [NFPA 54: ] Aluminum Alloy. Aluminum alloy pipe shall comply with ASTM B 241 (except that the use of alloy 5456 is prohibited) and shall be marked at each end of each length indicating compliance. Aluminum alloy pipe shall be coated to protect against external corrosion where it is in contact with masonry, plaster, insulation, or is subject to repeated wettings by such liquids as water, detergents, or sewage. [NFPA 54: ] Aluminum alloy pipe shall not be used in exterior locations or underground. [NFPA 54: ] metallic tubing. Seamless copper, aluminum alloy, or steel tubing shall not be used with gases corrosive to such material. [NFPA 54:5.6.3] Steel. Steel tubing shall comply with ASTM A 254. [NFPA 54: ] Copper and brass. Copper and brass tubing shall not be used where the gas contains more than an average of.3 grains of hydrogen sulfide per 1 scf of gas (.7 mg/1 L). Copper tubing shall comply with standard Type K or L of ASTM B 88 or ASTM B 28. [NFPA 54: ] Aluminum Alloy. Aluminum alloy tubing shall comply with ASTM B 21 or ASTM B 241. Aluminum alloy tubing shall be coated to protect against external corrosion where it is in contact with masonry, plaster, insulation or is subject to repeated wettings by such liquids as water, detergent, or sewage. Aluminum alloy tubing shall not be used in exterior locations or underground. [NFPA 54: ] Corrugated Stainless Steel. Corrugated stainless steel tubing shall be tested and listed in accordance with the construction, installation, and performance requirements of CSA LC-1. [NFPA 54: ] Plastic Pipe, tubing, and Fittings. Polyethylene plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings used to supply fuel gas shall be in accordance with ASTM D Pipe to be used shall be marked gas and ASTM D [NFPA 54-12: ] regulator Vent Piping. Plastic pipe and fittings used to connect regulator vents to remote vent terminations shall be PVC in accordance with UL 651. PVC vent piping shall not be installed indoors. [NFPA 54-12: ] Anodeless risers. Anodeless risers shall comply with the following: (1) Factory-assembled anodeless risers shall be recommended by the manufacturer for the gas used and shall be leak-tested by the manufacturer in accordance with written procedures. (2) Service head adapters and field-assembled anodeless risers incorporating service head adapters shall be recommended by the manufacturer for the gas used and shall be design-certified to be in accordance with the requirements of Category I of ASTM D The manufacturer shall provide the user qualified installation instructions. (3) The use of plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings in undiluted liquefied petroleum gas piping systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54: ] metallic Pipe threads. Metallic pipe and fitting threads shall be taper pipe threads and shall comply with ASME B [NFPA 54: ] Damaged threads. Pipe with threads that are stripped, chipped, corroded, or otherwise damaged shall not be used. Where a weld opens during the operation of cutting or threading, that portion of the pipe shall not be used. [NFPA 54: ] Number of threads. Field threading of metallic pipe shall be in accordance with Table [NFPA 54: ] table SPeCiFiCAtiONS FOr threading metallic PiPe [NFPA 54: table ] 114

125 thread Joint Compounds. Thread joint compounds shall be resistant to the action of liquefied petroleum gas or to other chemical constituents of the gases to be conducted through the piping. [NFPA 54-12: ] metallic Piping Joints and Fittings. The type of piping joint used shall be approved for the pressure-temperature conditions and shall be selected giving consideration to joint tightness and mechanical strength under the service conditions. The joint shall be able to sustain the maximum end force due to the internal pressure and additional forces due to temperature expansion or contraction, vibration, fatigue, or to the weight of the pipe and its contents. [NFPA 54:5.6.8] Pipe Joints. Pipe joints shall be threaded, flanged, brazed, or welded. Where nonferrous pipe is brazed, the brazing materials shall have a melting point in excess of 1 F (538 C). Brazing alloys shall not contain more than.5 percent phosphorus. [NFPA 54: ] tubing Joints. Tubing joints shall either be made with approved gas tubing fittings, be brazed with a material having a melting point in excess of 1 F (538 C), or made by press-connect fittings in accordance with CSA LC-4. Brazing alloys shall not contain more than.5 percent phosphorus. [NFPA 54: ] Flared Joints. Flared joints shall be used in systems constructed from nonferrous pipe and tubing where experience or tests have demonstrated that the joint is approved for the conditions and where provisions are made in the design to prevent separation of the joints. [NFPA 54: ] metallic Pipe Fittings (including Valves, Strainers, Filters). Metallic pipe fittings shall comply with the following requirements: (1) Threaded fittings in sizes exceeding 4 inches (1 mm) shall not be used unless acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. (2) Fittings used with steel or wrought-iron pipe shall be steel, brass, bronze, malleable iron, or cast-iron. (3) Fittings used with copper or brass pipe shall be copper, brass, or bronze. (4) Fittings used with aluminum alloy pipe shall be of aluminum alloy. (5) Cast-Iron fittings. (a) Flanges shall be permitted. (b) Bushings shall not be used. (c) Fittings shall not be used in systems containing flammable gas-air mixtures. (d) Fittings in sizes 4 inches (1 mm) and larger shall not be used indoors unless approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. (e) Fittings in sizes 6 inches (15 mm) and larger shall not be used unless approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. (6) Aluminum alloy fitting threads shall not form the joint seal. (7) Zinc-aluminum alloy fittings shall not be used in systems containing flammable gas-air mixtures. (8) Special fittings such as couplings; proprietary-type joints; saddle tees; gland-type compression fittings; and flared, flareless, or compression-type tubing fittings shall be: (a) Used within the fitting manufacturer s pressure-temperature recommendations. (b) Used within the service conditions anticipated with respect to vibration, fatigue, thermal expansion, or contraction. (c) Installed or braced to prevent separation of the joint by gas pressure or external physical damage. (d) Acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54: ] Plastic Piping, Joints, and Fittings. Plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Section through Section shall be observed where making such joints. [NFPA 54:5.6.9] Joint Design. The joint shall be designed and installed so that the longitudinal pullout resistance of the joint shall be equal to the tensile strength of the plastic piping material. [NFPA 54:5.6.9(1)] Heat-Fusion Joint. Heat-fusion joints shall be made in accordance with AWS B2.4. Joints shall be made with the joining method recommended by the pipe manufacturer. Heat-fusion fittings shall be marked ASTM D [NFPA 54:5.6.9(2)] Compression-type mechanical Joints. There compression-type mechanical joints are used, the gasket material in the fitting shall be compatible with the plastic piping and with the gas distributed by the system. An internal tubular rigid stiffener shall be used in conjunction with the fitting. The stiffener shall be flush with the end of the pipe or tubing, shall extend to not less than the outside end of the pipe or tubing, and shall extend to not less than the outside end of the compression fitting where installed. The stiffener shall be free of rough or sharp edges and shall not be a forced fit in the plastic. Split tubular stiffeners shall not be used. [NFPA 54:5.6.9(3)] 115

126 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Piping Systems. Plastic piping joints and fittings for use in liquefied petroleum gas piping systems shall be in accordance with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54:5.6.9(4)] Flanges. Flanges shall comply with ASME B16.1, ASME B16.2, or MSS SP-6. The pressure-temperature ratings shall equal or exceed that required by the application. [NFPA 54:5.6.1] Flange Facings. Standard facings shall be permitted for use under this code. Where 15 psi (134 kpa) steel flanges are bolted to Class 125 cast-iron flanges, the raised face on the steel flange shall be removed. [NFPA 54: ] Lapped Flanges. Lapped flanges shall be used aboveground or in exposed locations accessible for inspection. [NFPA 54: ] Flange Gaskets. The material for gaskets shall be capable of withstanding the design temperature and pressure of the piping system and the chemical constituents of the gas being conducted without change to its chemical and physical properties. The effects of fire exposure to the joint shall be considered in choosing the material. [NFPA 54:5.6.11] Flange gaskets shall comply with the following requirements: (1) Acceptable materials include the following: (a) Metal (plain or corrugated) (b) Composition (c) Aluminum O rings and spiral-wound metal gaskets [NFPA 54-12: ] (2) Where a flanged joint is opened, the gasket shall be replaced. [NFPA 54: ] (3) Full-face gaskets shall be used with bronze and cast-iron flanges. [NFPA 54: ] 89.6 Gas meters. Gas meters shall be selected for the maximum expected pressure and permissible pressure drop. [NFPA 54:5.7.1] 89.7 Gas Pressure regulators. A line gas pressure regulator shall be installed where the gas supply pressure exceeds that at which the appliance is designed to operate or varies beyond design pressure limits. [NFPA 54-12:5.8.1] Overpressure Protection. Where the gas supply design pressure in piping systems located indoors exceeds 2 psi (14 kpa) and line pressure regulators are installed to reduce the supply pressure to 14 inches water column (3.5 kpa) or less, the following shall apply: (1) Regulators shall be provided with factory installed overpressure protection devices. (2) Overpressure protection devices shall limit the pressure downstream of the line pressure regulator to 2 psi (14 kpa) in theevent of failure of the line pressure regulator. [NFPA 54-12:5.8.3] Listing. Line gas pressure regulators shall be listed in accordance with CSA Z21.8. [NFPA 54:5.8.2] Location. The gas pressure regulator shall be accessible for servicing. [NFPA 54:5.8.3] regulator Protection. Pressure regulators shall be protected against physical damage. [NFPA 54:5.8.4] Venting Line Gas Pressure regulators. Line gas pressure regulators shall be installed in accordance with the following requirements [NFPA 54: ]: (1) An independent vent to the exterior of the building, sized in accordance with the regulator manufacturer s instructions, shall be provided where the location of a regulator is such that a ruptured diaphragm will cause a hazard. Where more than one regulator is at a location, each regulator shall have a separate vent to the outdoors, or where approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, the vent lines shall be permitted to be manifolded in accordance with accepted engineering practices to minimize backpressure in the event of diaphragm failure. Materials for vent piping shall comply with Section Exception: A regulator and vent limiting means combination listed in accordance with CSA Z21.8 shall be permitted to be used without a vent to the outdoors. [NFPA 54: (1)] (2) The vent shall be designed to prevent the entry of water, insects, or other foreign materials that could cause blockage. [NFPA 54: (2)] (3) The regulator vent shall terminate not less than 3 feet (914 mm) from a source of ignition. [NFPA 54: (3)] (4) In flood hazard areas where regulators will be submerged during floods, a special antiflood-type breather vent fitting shall be installed, or the vent line shall be extended above the design flood elevation. (5) A regulator shall not be vented to the appliance flue or exhaust system. [NFPA 54: (5)] Discharge of Vents. The discharge stacks, vents, or outlet parts of pressure-relieving and pressure-limiting devices shall be located so that gas is safely discharged into the outdoors. Discharge stacks or vents shall be designed to prevent the entry of water, insects, or other foreign material that could cause blockage. [NFPA 54: ] 116

127 Size. The discharge stack or vent line shall be not less than the same size as the outlet of the pressure-relieving device. [NFPA 54: ] 89.8 Shutoff Valves. Shutoff valves shall be approved and shall be selected giving consideration to pressure drop, service involved, emergency use, and reliability of operation. Shutoff valves of size 1 inch (25 mm) National Pipe Thread and smaller shall be listed. [NFPA 54:5.12] 89.9 excess Flow Valve. Where automatic excess flow valves are installed, they shall be listed, sized, and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:5.13] 89.1 expansion and Flexibility. Piping systems shall be designed to prevent failure from thermal expansion or contraction. [NFPA 54-12:5.14.1] Special Local Conditions. Where local conditions include earthquake, tornado, unstable ground, or flood hazards, special consideration shall be given to increased strength and flexibility of piping supports and connections. [NFPA 54:5.14.2] 81. Gas Piping installation Piping underground. Underground gas piping shall be installed with approved clearance from other underground structures to avoid contact therewith, to allow maintenance, and to protect against damage from proximity to other structures. In addition, underground plastic piping shall be installed with approved clearance or shall be insulated from a source of heat so as to prevent the heat from impairing the serviceability of the pipe. [NFPA 54:7.1.1] Cover requirements. Underground piping systems shall be installed with a cover not less than 18 inches (457 mm). Where external damage to the pipe is not likely to result, the cover shall be not less than 12 inches (35 mm). Where a cover not less than 12 inches (35 mm) cannot be provided, the pipe shall be installed in conduit or bridged (shielded). [NFPA 54: ] trenches. The trench shall be graded so that the pipe has a firm, substantially continuous bearing on the bottom of the trench. [NFPA 54: ] backfilling. Where flooding of the trench is done to consolidate the backfill, care shall be exercised to see that the pipe is not floated from its firm bearing on the trench bottom. [NFPA 54: ] Protection Against Corrosion. Gas piping in contact with earth or other material that is capable of corroding the piping shall be protected against corrosion in an approved manner. Where dissimilar metals are joined underground, an insulating coupling or fitting shall be used. Piping shall not be laid in contact with cinders. Uncoated threaded or socket-welded joints shall not be used in piping in contact with soil or where internal or external crevice corrosion is known to occur. [NFPA 54:7.1.3] Protection Against Freezing. Where the formation of hydrates or ice is known to occur, piping shall be protected against freezing. [NFPA 54:7.1.4] Piping through Foundation Wall. Underground piping installed through the outer foundation or basement wall of a building shall be encased in a protective sleeve or protected by an approved device or method. The space between the gas piping and the sleeve and between the sleeve and the wall shall be sealed to prevent entry of gas and water. [NFPA 54-12:7.1.5] Piping underground beneath buildings. Where gas piping is installed underground beneath buildings, the piping shall be either: (1) Encased in an approved conduit designed to withstand the imposed loads and installed in accordance with Section or Section (2) A piping or encasement system listed for installation beneath buildings. [NFPA 54-12:7.1.6] Conduit with One end terminating Outdoors. The conduit shall extend into a normally usable and accessible portion of the building and, at the point where the conduit terminates in the building, the space between the conduit and the gas piping shall be sealed to prevent the possible entrance of a gas leakage. Where the end sealing is of a type that will retain the full pressure of the pipe, the conduit shall be designed for the same pressure as the pipe. The conduit shall extend not less than 4 inches (12 mm) outside the building, be vented outdoors above finished ground level, and be installed so as to prevent the entrance of water and insects. [NFPA 54: ] Conduit with both ends terminating indoors. Where the conduit originates and terminates within the same building, the conduit shall originate and terminate in an accessible portion of the building and shall not be sealed. [NFPA 54: ] Plastic Piping. Plastic piping shall be installed outdoors, underground only. Exceptions: (1) Plastic piping shall be permitted to terminate aboveground where an anodeless riser is used. (2) Plastic piping shall be permitted to terminate with a wall head adapter aboveground in buildings, including basements, where the plastic piping is inserted in a piping material permitted for use in buildings. [NFPA 54-12: ] 117

128 Connections between metallic and Plastic Piping. Connections made between metallic and plastic piping shall be made with fittings that are in accordance with one of the following: (1) ASTM D 2513 (2) ASTM F 1973 (3) ASTM F 259 [NFPA 54: ] tracer Wire. An electrically continuous corrosion-resistant tracer wire (not less than AWG 14) or tape shall be buried with the plastic pipe to facilitate locating. One end shall be brought aboveground at a building wall or riser. [NFPA 54: ] 81.2 installation of Piping. Piping installed aboveground shall be securely supported and located where it will be protected from physical damage (see Section ). Where passing through an exterior wall, the piping shall be protected against corrosion by coating or wrapping with an inert material approved for such applications. The piping shall be sealed around its circumference at the point of the exterior penetration to prevent the entry of water, insects, and rodents. Where piping is encased in a protective pipe sleeve, the annular spaces between the gas piping and the sleeve and between the sleeve and the wall opening shall be sealed. [NFPA 54-12:7.2.1] building Structure. The installation of gas piping shall not cause structural stresses within building components to exceed allowable design limits. Approval shall be obtained before beams or joists are cut or notched. [NFPA 54:7.2.2] Permission shall be obtained from the Authority Having Jurisdiction Gas Piping to be Sloped. Piping for other than dry gas conditions shall be sloped not less than 1 4 inch in 15 feet (1.4 mm/m) to prevent traps. [NFPA 54:7.2.4] Ceiling Locations. Gas piping shall be permitted to be installed in accessible spaces between a fixed ceiling and a dropped ceiling, whether or not such spaces are used as a plenum. Valves shall not be located in such spaces. Exception: Appliance shutoff valves required by this code shall be permitted to be installed in accessible spaces containing vented appliances Prohibited Locations. Gas piping inside a building shall not be installed in or through a clothes chute, chimney or gas vent, dumbwaiter, elevator shaft, or air duct, other than combustion air ducts. [NFPA 54:7.2.5] Exception: Ducts used to provide ventilation air in accordance with Section 78. of this code or to above-ceiling spaces as covered in Section Hangers, Supports, and Anchors. Piping shall be supported with metal pipe hooks, metal pipe straps, metal bands, metal brackets, metal hangers, or building structural components; approved for the size of piping; of adequate strength and quality; and located at intervals so as to prevent or damp out excessive vibration. Piping shall be anchored to prevent undue strains on connected appliances and equipment and shall not be supported by other piping. Pipe hangers and supports shall comply with the requirements of MSS SP-58. [NFPA 54: ] Spacing. Spacing of supports in gas piping installations shall not exceed the distance shown in Table Spacing of supports for CSST shall be in accordance with the CSST manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54: ] table SuPPOrt OF PiPiNG [NFPA 54: table ] expansion and Contraction. Supports, hangers, and anchors shall be installed so as not to interfere with the free expansion and contraction of the piping between anchors. Parts of the supporting system shall be designed and installed so they are not disengaged by movement of the supported piping. [NFPA 54: ] removal of Piping. Where piping containing gas is to be removed, the line shall be first disconnected from sources of gas and then thoroughly purged with air, water, or inert gas before cutting or welding is done (see Section 813.6). [NFPA 54-12:7.2.6] 81.3 Concealed Piping in buildings Connections. Where gas piping is to be concealed, connections shall be of the following type: (1) Pipe fittings such as elbows, tees, couplings, and right/left nipple/couplings. (2) Joining tubing by brazing (see Section ). [NFPA 54:7.3.2(2)] (3) Fittings listed for use in concealed spaces or that have been demonstrated to sustain, without leakage, forces due to temperature expansion or contraction, vibration, or fatigue based on their geographic location, application, or operation. [NFPA 54:7.3.2(3)] 118

129 (4) Where necessary to insert fittings in gas pipe that has been installed in a concealed location, the pipe shall be reconnected by welding, flanges, or the use of a right/left nipple/coupling Piping in Partitions. Concealed gas piping shall not be located in solid partitions. [NFPA 54:7.3.3] tubing in Partitions. This provision shall not apply to tubing that pierces walls, floors, or partitions. Tubing installed vertically and horizontally inside hollow walls or partitions without protection along its entire concealed length shall be in accordance with the following requirements: (1) A steel striker barrier not less than.58 of an inch (1.3 mm) thick, or equivalent, shall be installed between the tubing and the finished wall and extend not less than 4 inches (12 mm) beyond concealed penetrations of plates, fire stops, wall studs, and similar construction features. (2) The tubing shall be installed in single runs and shall not be rigidly secured. [NFPA 54:7.3.4] Piping in Floors. In industrial occupancies, gas piping in solid floors such as concrete shall be laid in channels in the floor and covered to permit access to the piping with minimum damage to the building. Where piping in floor channels is capable of being exposed to excessive moisture or corrosive substances, the piping shall be protected in an approved manner. [NFPA 54: ] Exception: In other than industrial occupancies and where approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, gas piping embedded in concrete floor slabs constructed with portland cement shall be surrounded with not less than inches (38 mm) of concrete and shall not be in physical contact with other metallic structures such as reinforcing rods or electrically neutral conductors. Piping, fittings, and risers shall be protected against corrosion in accordance with Section Piping shall not be embedded in concrete slabs containing quick-set additives or cinder aggregate. [NFPA 54: ] 81.4 Piping in Vertical Chases. Where gas piping exceeding 5 psi (34 kpa) is located within vertical chases in accordance with Section (2), the requirements of Section through Section shall apply. [NFPA 54:7.4] Pressure reduction. Where pressure reduction is required in branch connections in accordance with Section , such reduction shall take place either inside the chase or immediately adjacent to the outside wall of the chase. Regulator venting and downstream overpressure protection shall comply with Section and Section The regulator shall be accessible for service and repair, and vented in accordance with one of the following: (1) Where the fuel gas is lighter than air, regulators equipped with a vent limiting means shall be permitted to be vented into the chase. Regulators not equipped with a vent limiting means shall be permitted to be vented either directly to the outdoors or to a point within the top 1 foot (35 mm) of the chase. (2) Where the fuel gas is heavier than air, the regulator vent shall be vented directly to the outdoors. [NFPA 54:7.4.1] Construction. Chase construction shall comply with local building codes with respect to fire resistance and protection of horizontal and vertical openings. [NFPA 54:7.4.2] Ventilation. A chase shall be ventilated to the outdoors and at the top. The openings shall have a minimum free area [in square inches (m 2 )] equal to the product of one-half of the maximum pressure in the piping [in psi (kpa)] times the largest nominal diameter of that piping [in inches (mm)], or the cross-sectional area of the chase, whichever is smaller. Where more than one fuel gas piping system is present, the free area for each system shall be calculated and the largest area used. [NFPA 54:7.4.3] 81.5 Appliance Overpressure Protection. The maximum operating pressure for piping systems serving appliances designed to operate at 14 inches water column (3.5 kpa) inlet pressure or less shall be 2 pounds-force per square inch gauge (psig) (14 kpa) unless an over-pressure protection device designed to limit pressure at the appliance to 2 psig (14 kpa) upon failure of the line gas pressure regulator is installed Gas Pipe turns. Changes in direction of gas pipe shall be made by the use of fittings, factory bends, or field bends. [NFPA 54:7.5] metallic Pipe. Metallic pipe bends shall comply with the following: (1) Bends shall be made with bending equipment and procedures intended for that purpose. (2) Bends shall be smooth and free from buckling, cracks, or other evidence of mechanical damage. (3) The longitudinal weld of the pipe shall be near the neutral axis of the bend. (4) Pipe shall not be bent through an arc of more than 9 degrees (1.57 rad). (5) The inside radius of a bend shall be not less than six times the outside diameter of the pipe. [NFPA 54:7.5.1] Plastic Pipe. Plastic pipe bends shall comply with the following: (1) The pipe shall not be damaged, and the internal diameter of the pipe shall not be effectively reduced. (2) Joints shall not be located in pipe bends. (3) The radius of the inner curve of such bends shall be not less than 25 times the inside diameter of the pipe. 119

130 (4) Where the piping manufacturer specifies the use of special bending equipment or procedures, such equipment or proceduresshall be used. [NFPA 54:7.5.2] elbows. Factory-made welding elbows or transverse segments cut therefrom shall have an arc length measured along the crotch of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) for pipe sizes 2 inches (5 mm) and larger. [NFPA 54:7.5.3] 81.7 Drips and Sediment traps Provide Drips Where Necessary. For other than dry gas conditions, a drip shall be provided at a point in the line of pipe where condensate is capable of collecting. Where required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction or the serving gas supplier, a drip shall also be provided at the outlet of the meter. This drip shall be so installed as to constitute a trap wherein an accumulation of condensate will shut off the flow of gas before it will run back into the meter. [NFPA 54:7.6.1] Location of Drips. Drips shall be installed in such locations that they will be readily accessible to permit cleaning or emptying. A drip shall not be located where the condensate is likely to freeze. [NFPA 54:7.6.2] Sediment traps. The installation of sediment traps shall comply with Section [NFPA 54-12:7.6.3] 81.8 Outlets. Outlets shall be located and installed in accordance with the following requirements: (1) The outlet fittings or piping shall be securely fastened in place. (2) Outlets shall not be located behind doors. (3) Outlets shall be located far enough from floors, walls, patios, slabs, and ceilings to permit the use of wrenches without straining, bending, or damaging the piping. (4) The unthreaded portion of gas piping outlets shall extend not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) through finished ceilings or indoor or outdoor walls. (5) The unthreaded portion of gas piping outlets shall extend not less than 2 inches (51 mm) above the surface of floors or outdoor patios or slabs. (6) The provisions of Section 81.8(4) and Section 81.8(5) shall not apply to listed quick-disconnect devices of the flushmounted type or listed gas convenience outlets. Such devices shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:7.7.1] Cap Outlets. Each outlet, including a valve, shall be closed gastight with a threaded plug or cap immediately after installation and shall be left closed until the appliance is connected thereto. Where an appliance is disconnected from an outlet, and the outlet is not to be used again immediately, it shall be closed gastight. Exception: The use of a listed quick-disconnect device with integral shutoff or listed gas convenience outlet shall be permitted. [NFPA 54: ] 81.9 branch Pipe Connection. Where a branch outlet is placed on a main supply line before it is known what size pipe will be connected to it, the outlet shall be of the same size as the line that supplies it. [NFPA 54:7.8] 81.1 manual Gas Shutoff Valves. An accessible gas shutoff valve shall be provided upstream of each gas pressure regulator. Where two gas pressure regulators are installed in series in a single gas line, a manual valve shall not be required at the second regulator (see Section 811.2). [NFPA 54:7.9.1] Prohibited Devices. No device shall be placed inside the gas piping or fittings that will reduce the cross-sectional area or otherwise obstruct the free flow of gas, except where an allowance in the piping system design has been made for such a device and where approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:7.1] electrical bonding and Grounding Pipe and tubing other than CSSt. Each aboveground portion of a gas piping system other than CSST that is likely to become energized shall be electrically continuous and bonded to an effective ground-fault current path. Gas piping, other than CSST, shall be considered to be bonded where it is connected to appliances that are connected to the appliance grounding conductor of the circuit supplying that appliance. [NFPA 54:7.13.1] bonding of CSSt Gas Piping. CSST gas piping systems shall be bonded to the electrical service grounding electrode system. The bonding jumper shall connect to a metallic pipe or fitting between the point of delivery and the first downstream CSST fitting. The bonding jumper shall be not smaller than 6 AWG copper wire or equivalent. Gas piping systems that contain one or more segments of CSST shall be bonded in accordance with this section. [NFPA 54-12:7.13.2] Grounding Conductor or electrode. Gas piping shall not be used as a grounding conductor or electrode. [NFPA 54-12:7.13.3] Lightning Protection System. Where a lightning protection system is installed, the bonding of the gas piping system shall be in accordance with NFPA 78. [NFPA 54:7.13.4] electrical Circuits. Electrical circuits shall not utilize gas piping or components as conductors. Exception: Low-voltage (5V or less) control circuits, ignition circuits, and electronic flame detection device circuits shall be permitted to make use of piping or components as a part of an electric circuit. [NFPA 54:7.14] 12

131 81.14 electrical Connections. Electrical connections between wiring and electrically operated control devices in a piping system shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 7 (see Section 81.12). [NFPA 54:7.15.1] Safety Control. An essential safety control depending on electric current as the operating medium shall be of a type that will shut off (fail safe) the flow of gas in the event of current failure. [NFPA 54:7.15.2] 811. Appliance Connections to building Piping Connecting Gas Appliances. Appliances shall be connected to the building piping in accordance with Section through Section by one of the following [NFPA 54:9.6.1]: (1) Rigid metallic pipe and fittings. [NFPA 54:9.6.1(1)] (2) Semirigid metallic tubing and metallic fittings. Aluminum alloy tubing shall not be used in exterior locations. [NFPA 54:9.6.1(2)] (3) A listed connector installed in accordance with CSA Z The connectors shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall be in the same room as the appliance. One connector shall be installed for each appliance. [NFPA 54:9.6.1(3)] (4) CSST where installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:9.6.1(5)] (5) In Section 811.1(2) through Section 811.1(4), the connector or tubing shall be installed so as to be protected against physical and thermal damage. Aluminum alloy tubing and connectors shall be coated to protect against external corrosion wherethey are in contact with masonry, plaster, insulation, or are subject to repeated wettings by such liquids as water (except rainwater), detergents, or sewage. [NFPA 54:9.6.1(7)] Appliance Shutoff Valves and Connections. Appliances connected to a piping system shall have an accessible, approved manual shutoff valve with a nondisplaceable valve member, or a listed gas convenience outlet installed within 6 feet (1829 mm) of the appliance it serves. Where a connector is used, the valve shall be installed upstream of the connector. A union or flanged connection shall be provided downstream from this valve to permit removal of controls. [NFPA 54: (A)] Exception: Shutoff valves shall be permitted to be accessibly located inside or under an appliance where such appliance is removed without removal of the shutoff valve Quick-Disconnect Devices. Quick-disconnect devices used to connect appliances to the building piping shall be listed. Where installed indoors, an approved manual shutoff valve with a non-displaceable valve member shall be installed upstream of the quick-disconnect device. [NFPA 54:9.6.5] Gas Convenience Outlets. Appliances shall be permitted to be connected to the building piping by means of a listed gas convenience outlet, in conjunction with a listed appliance connector, installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Gas convenience outlets shall be listed in accordance with CSA Z21.9 and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:9.6.6] Sediment trap. Where a sediment trap is not incorporated as a part of the appliance, a sediment trap shall be installed downstream of the appliance shutoff valve as close to the inlet of the appliance as practical at the time of appliance installation. The sediment trap shall be either a tee fitting with a capped nipple in the bottom outlet, as illustrated in Figure 811.5, or other device recognized as an effective sediment trap. [NFPA 54:9.6.7] FiGure method OF installing A tee FittiNG SeDimeNt trap [NFPA 54: FiGure 9.6.7] installation of Piping. Piping shall be installed in a manner not to interfere with inspection, maintenance, or servicing of the appliance. [NFPA 54:9.6.8] 812. Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities and Piping General. Liquefied petroleum gas facilities shall comply with NFPA Pressure testing and inspection Piping installations. Prior to acceptance and initial operation, piping installations shall be visually inspected and pressure-tested to determine that the materials, design, fabrication, and installation practices are in accordance with the requirements of this code. [NFPA 54-12: ] 121

132 inspection requirements. Inspection shall consist of visual examination during or after manufacture, fabrication, assembly, or pressure tests. [NFPA 54-12: ] repairs and Additions. Where repairs or additions are made following the pressure test, the affected piping shall be tested. Minor repairs and additions are not required to be pressure-tested provided that the work is inspected and connections are tested with a noncorrosive leak-detecting fluid or other leak-detecting methods approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54: ] New branches. Where new branches are installed from the point of delivery to new appliances, the newly installed branches shall be required to be pressure-tested. Connections between the new piping and the existing piping shall be tested with a noncorrosive leak-detecting fluid or approved leak-detecting methods. [NFPA 54: ] Piping System. A piping system shall be tested as a complete unit or in sections. Under no circumstances shall a valve in a line be used as a bulkhead between gas in one section of the piping system and test medium in an adjacent section, unless two valves are installed in series with a valved telltale located between these valves. A valve shall not be subjected to the test pressure unless it is determined that the valve, including the valve-closing mechanism, is designed to safely withstand the pressure. [NFPA 54: ] regulators and Valves. Regulator and valve assemblies fabricated independently of the piping system in which they are to be installed shall be permitted to be tested with inert gas or air at the time of fabrication. [NFPA 54: ] test medium. The test medium shall be air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or an inert gas. OXYGEN SHALL NEVER BE USED. [NFPA 54:8.1.2] test Preparation Pipe Joints. Pipe joints, including welds, shall be left exposed for examination during the test. Exception: Covered or concealed pipe end joints that have been previously tested in accordance with this code. [NFPA 54: ] expansion Joints. Expansion joints shall be provided with temporary restraints, where required, for the additional thrust load under test. [NFPA 54: ] Appliances and equipment. Appliances and equipment that are not to be included in the test shall be either disconnected from the piping or isolated by blanks, blind flanges, or caps. Flanged joints at which blinds are inserted to blank off other equipment during the test shall not be required to be tested. [NFPA 54: ] Designed for (less than) Operating Pressures. Where the piping system is connected to appliances, equipment, or equipment components designed for operating pressures of less than the test pressure, such appliances, equipment, or equipment components shall be isolated from the piping system by disconnecting them and capping the outlets. [NFPA 54: ] Designed for (equal to or more than) Operating Pressures. Where the piping system is connected to appliances or equipment designed for operating pressures equal to or greater than the test pressure, such appliances and equipment shall be isolated from the piping system by closing the individual appliance or equipment shutoff valve(s). [NFPA 54: ] Safety. Testing of piping systems shall be performed in a manner that protects the safety of employees and the public during the test. [NFPA 54-12: ] test Pressure. This inspection shall include an air, CO 2, or nitrogen pressure test, at which time the gas piping shall stand a pressure of not less than 1 psi (69 kpa) gauge pressure. Test pressures shall be held for a length of time satisfactory to the Authority Having Jurisdiction, but in no case less than 15 minutes with no perceptible drop in pressure. For welded piping, and for piping carrying gas at pressures in excess of 14 inches water column pressure (3.5 kpa), the test pressure shall be not less than 6 psi (414 kpa) and shall be continued for a length of time satisfactory to the Authority Having Jurisdiction, but in no case for less than 3 minutes. These tests shall be made using air, CO 2, or nitrogen pressure and shall be made in the presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Necessary apparatus for conducting tests shall be furnished by the permit holder. Test gauges used in conducting tests shall be in accordance with Section Detection of Leaks and Defects. The piping system shall withstand the test pressure specified without showing evidence of leakage or other defects. Reduction of test pressures as indicated by pressure gauges shall be deemed to indicate the presence of a leak unless such reduction is readily attributed to some other cause. [NFPA 54: ] Detecting Leaks. The leakage shall be located by means of an approved gas detector, a noncorrosive leak detection fluid, or other approved leak detection methods. Matches, candles, open flames, or other methods that provide a source of ignition shall not be used. [NFPA 54: ] repair or replace. Where leakage or other defects are located, the affected portion of the piping system shall be repaired or replaced and retested. [NFPA 54-12: ] Piping System Leak test. Leak checks using fuel gas shall be permitted in piping systems that have been pressuretested in accordance with Section [NFPA 54:8.2.1] 122

133 turning Gas On. During the process of turning gas on into a system of new gas piping, the entire system shall be inspected to determine that there are no open fittings or ends and that valves at unused outlets are closed and plugged or capped. [NFPA 54:8.2.2] Leak Check. Immediately after the gas is turned on into a new system or into a system that has been initially restored after an interruption of service, the piping system shall be checked for leakage. Where leakage is indicated, the gas supply shall be shut off until the necessary repairs have been made. [NFPA 54:8.2.3] Placing Appliances and equipment in Operation. Appliances and equipment shall not be placed in operation until after the piping system has been checked in accordance with Section ; connections to the appliance are checked for leakage; and purged in accordance with Section [NFPA 54-12:8.2.4] Purging requirements. The purging of piping shall be in accordance with Section through Section [NFPA 54-12:8.3] Piping Systems required to be Purged Outdoors. The purging of piping systems shall be in accordance with the provisions of Section through Section where the piping system meets either of the following: (1) The design operating gas pressure exceeds 2 psig (14 kpa). (2) The piping being purged contains one or more sections of pipe or tubing meeting the size and length criteria of Table [NFPA 54-12:8.3.1] table SiZe AND LeNGtH OF PiPiNG [NFPA 54-12: table 8.3.1]* removal from Service. Where existing gas piping is opened, the section that is opened shall be isolated from the gas supply and the line pressure vented in accordance with Section Where gas piping meeting the criteria of Table is removed from service, the residual fuel gas in the piping shall be displaced with an inert gas. [NFPA 54-12: ] Placing in Operation. Where gas piping containing air and meeting the criteria of Table is placed in operation, the air in the piping shall first be displaced with an inert gas. The inert gas shall then be displaced with fuel gas in accordance with Section [NFPA 54-12: ] Outdoor Discharge of Purged Gases. The open end of a piping system being pressure vented or purged shall discharge directly to an outdoor location. Purging operations shall comply with the following requirements: (1) The point of discharge shall be controlled with a shutoff valve. (2) The point of discharge shall be located not less than 1 feet (348 mm) from sources of ignition, not less than 1 feet (348 mm) from building openings, and not less than 25 feet (762 mm) from mechanical air intake openings. (3) During discharge, the open point of discharge shall be continuously attended and monitored with a combustible gas indicator that is in accordance with Section (4) Purging operations introducing fuel gas shall be stopped where 9 percent fuel gas by volume is detected within the pipe. (5) Persons not involved in the purging operations shall be evacuated from areas within 1 feet (348 mm) of the point of discharge. [NFPA 54-12: ] Combustible Gas indicator. Combustible gas indicators shall be listed and shall be calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions. Combustible gas indicators shall numerically display a volume scale from percent to 1 percent in 1 percent or smaller increments. [NFPA 54-12: ] Piping Systems Allowed to be Purged indoors or Outdoors. The purging of piping systems shall be in accordance with the provisions of Section where the piping system meets both of the following: (1) The design operating pressure is 2 psig (14 kpa) or less. (2) The piping being purged is constructed entirely from pipe or tubing not meeting the size and length criteria of Table [NFPA 54-12:8.3.2] Purging Procedure. The piping system shall be purged in accordance with one or more of the following: (1) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and shall discharge to the outdoors. (2) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and shall discharge to the indoors or outdoors through an appliance burner not located in a combustion chamber. Such burner shall be provided with a continuous source of ignition. (3) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and shall discharge to the indoors or outdoors through a burner that has a continuous source of ignition and that is designed for such purpose. 123

134 (4) The piping shall be purged with fuel gas that is discharge to the indoors or outdoors, and the point of discharge shall be monitored with a listed combustible gas detector in accordance with Section Purging shall be stopped where fuel gasis detected. (5) The piping shall be purged by the gas supplier in accordance with written procedures. [NFPA 54-12: ] Combustible Gas Detector. Combustible gas detectors shall be listed and shall be calibrated or tested in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions. Combustible gas detectors shall be capable of indicating the presence of fuel gas. [NFPA 54-12: ] Purging Appliances and equipment. After the piping system has been placed in operation, appliances and equipment shall be purged before being placed into operation. [NFPA 54-12:8.3.3] 814. required Gas Supply General. The following regulations, shall comply with this section and Section 815., shall be the standard for the installation of gas piping. Natural gas regulations and tables are based on the use of gas having a specific gravity of.6, supplied at 6 to 8 inches water column (1.5 kpa to 1.9 kpa) pressure at the outlet of the meter or regulator. For undiluted liquefied petroleum gas, gas piping shall be permitted to be sized at 11 inches water column (2.7 kpa) pressure at the outlet of the meter or regulator and specific gravity of 1.5. Where gas of a different specific gravity is to be delivered, the specific gravity conversion factors provided by the serving gas supplier shall be used in sizing piping systems from the pipe sizing tables in this chapter Volume. The hourly volume of gas required at each piping outlet shall be taken as not less than the maximum hourly rating as specified by the manufacturer of the appliance or appliances to be connected to each such outlet Gas Appliances. To obtain the cubic feet per hour (m 3 /h) of gas required, divide the input of the appliances by the average Btu (kw h) heating value per cubic foot (m 3 ) of the gas. The average Btu (kw h) per cubic foot (m 3 ) of the gas in the area of the installation shall be permitted to be obtained from the serving gas supplier Size of Piping Outlets. The size of the supply piping outlet for a gas appliance shall be not less than 1 2 of an inch (15 mm). The size of a piping outlet for a mobile home shall be not less than 3 4 of an inch (2 mm) required Gas Piping Size Pipe Sizing methods. Where the pipe size is to be determined using a method in Section through Section , the diameter of each pipe segment shall be obtained from the pipe sizing tables in Section or from the sizing equations in Section [NFPA 54:6.1] Longest Length method. The pipe size of each section of gas piping shall be determined using the longest length of piping from the point of delivery to the most remote outlet and the load of the section. [NFPA 54:6.1.1] branch Length method. Pipe shall be sized as follows: (1) The pipe size of each section of the longest pipe run from the point of delivery to the most remote outlet shall be determined using the longest run of piping and the load of the section. (2) The pipe size of each section of branch piping not previously sized shall be determined using the length of piping from the point of delivery to the most remote outlet in each branch and the load of the section. [NFPA 54:6.1.2] Hybrid Pressure. The pipe size for each section of higher pressure gas piping shall be determined using the longest length of piping from the point of delivery to the most remote line pressure regulator. The pipe size from the line pressure regulator to each outlet shall be determined using the length of piping from the regulator to the most remote outlet served by the regulator. [NFPA 54:6.1.3] tables for Sizing Gas Piping Systems. Table 815.2(1) through Table 815.2(36) shall be used to size gas piping in conjunction with one of the methods described in Section through Section [NFPA 54:6.2] Sizing equations. The inside diameter of smooth-wall pipe or tubing shall be determined by Equation 815.3(1), Equation 815.3(2), Table 815.3, and using the equivalent pipe length determined by Section through Section [NFPA 54:6.4] equation 815.3(1) LOW-PreSSure GAS FOrmuLA (LeSS than 1.5 psi) [NFPA 54:6.4.1] 124

135 equation 815.3(2) HiGH-PreSSure GAS FOrmuLA (1.5 psi AND AbOVe) [NFPA 54:6.4.2] table Cr AND y FOr tural GAS AND undiluted PrOPANe At StANDArD CONDitiONS [NFPA 54: table 6.4.2] Sizing of Piping Sections. To determine the size of each section of pipe in a system within the range of Table 815.2(1) through Table 815.2(36), proceed as follows: (1) Measure the length of the pipe from the gas meter location to the most remote outlet on the system. (2) Select the length in feet column and row showing the distance, or the next longer distance where the table does not give the exact length. (3) Starting at the most remote outlet, find in the row just selected the gas demand for that outlet. Where the exact figure of demand is not shown, choose the next larger figure in the row. (4) At the top of this column will be found the correct size of pipe. (5) Using this same row, proceed in a similar manner for each section of pipe serving this outlet. For each section of pipe, determine the total gas demand supplied by that section. Where gas piping sections serve both heating and cooling appliances and the installation prevents both units from operating simultaneously, the larger of the two demand loads needs to be used in sizing these sections. (6) Size each section of branch piping not previously sized by measuring the distance from the gas meter location to the most remote outlet in that branch and follow the procedures of steps 2, 3, 4, and 5 above. Size branch piping in the order of their distance from the meter location, beginning with the most distant outlet not previously sized engineering methods. For conditions such as longer runs or greater gas demands, the size of each gas piping system shall be determined by standard engineering methods acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction, and each such system shall be so designed that the total pressure drop between the meter or other point of supply and an outlet where full demand is being supplied to all outlets, shall be in accordance with the requirements of Section Variable Gas Pressure. Where the gas pressure exceeds 14 inches (3.5 kpa) or less than 6 inches (1.5 kpa) of water column, or where diversity demand factors are used, the design, pipe, sizing, materials, location, and use of such systems first shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Piping systems designed for pressures exceeding the serving gas supplier s standard delivery pressure shall have prior verification from the gas supplier of the availability of the design pressure. table 815.2(1) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54: table 6.2(b)] 1, 2 table 815.2(2) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(c)]* table 815.2(3) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(d)]* table 815.2(4) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(e)]* table 815.2(5) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(f)]* table 815.2(6) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(g)]* 125

136 table 815.2(7) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(h)] 1, 2 table 815.2(8) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(i)] 1, 2 table 815.2(9) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(j)] 1, 2 table 815.2(1) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(k)] 2 table 815.2(11) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(l)] 2 table 815.2(12) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(m)] 3 table 815.2(13) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(n)] 2 table 815.2(14) COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(o)] 1, 2 table 815.2(15) COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(p)] 1, 2 table 815.2(16) COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(q)] 1, 2 table 815.2(17) 1, 2, 3, 4 COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(r)] table 815.2(18) 1, 2, 3, 4 COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(s)] table 815.2(19) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(t)]* table 815.2(2) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(u)] * table 815.2(21) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(v)]* table 815.2(22) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(w)] 2, 3 126

137 table 815.2(23) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.2(x)] 2, 3 table 815.2(24) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54: table 6.3(a)]* table 815.2(25) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54: table 6.3(b)]* table 815.2(26) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54: table 6.3(c)]* table 815.2(27) SCHeDuLe 4 metallic PiPe [NFPA 54: table 6.3(d)]* table 815.2(28) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54: table 6.3(e)] 2 table 815.2(29) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54: table 6.3(f)] 2, 3 table 815.2(3) Semi-riGiD COPPer tubing [NFPA 54: table 6.3(g)] 2 table 815.2(31) COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54: table 6.3(h)] 1, 2 table 815.2(32) 1, 2, 3, 4 COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54: table 6.3(i)] table 815.2(33) 1, 2, 3, 4 COrruGAteD StAiNLeSS SteeL tubing (CSSt) [NFPA 54: table 6.3(j)] table 815.2(34) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.3(k)]* table 815.2(35) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC PiPe [NFPA 54-12: table 6.3(l)]* table 815.2(36) POLyetHyLeNe PLAStiC tubing [NFPA 54-12: table 6.3(m)] Appliance Fuel Connector. An assembly of listed semi-rigid or flexible tubing and fittings to carry fuel between a fuel piping outlet and a fuel-burning appliance. 24. bonding Jumper. A reliable conductor to ensure the required electrical conductivity between metal parts required to be electrically connected. [NFPA 7:1.1] 127

138 27. effective Ground-Fault Current Path. An intentionally constructed, low impedance electrically conductive path designed and intended to carry current underground-fault conditions from the point of a ground fault on a wiring system to the electrical supply source and that facilitates the operation of the overcurrent protective device or ground-fault detectors on high-impedance grounded systems. [NFPA 54-12:3.3.36] 28. Fuel Gas Quick-Disconnect Device. A hand-operated device that provides a means for connecting and disconnecting an appliance or an appliance connector to a gas supply and that is equipped with an automatic means to shut off the gas supply where the device is disconnected. [NFPA 54: ] 29. Gas Piping. An installation of pipe, valves, or fittings that is used to convey fuel gas, installed on a premises or in a building, but shall not include: (1) A portion of the service piping. (2) An approved piping connection 6 feet (1829 mm) or less in length between an existing gas outlet and a gas appliance in the same room with the outlet. Gas Piping System. An arrangement of gas piping or regulators after the point of delivery and each arrangement of gas piping serving a building, structure, or premises, whether individually metered or not. Gas utility. The duly enfranchised public utility supplying the gas from its street mains. Grounding electrode. A device that establishes an electrical connection to the earth Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) Facilities. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) facilities means tanks, containers, container valves, regulating equipment, meters, appurtenances, or any combination thereof for the storage and supply of liquefied petroleum gas for a building, structure, or premises Provision for Location of Point of Delivery. The location of the point of delivery shall be acceptable to the serving gas supplier. [NFPA 54:5.2] 221. Service Piping. The piping and equipment between the street gas main and the gas piping system inlet that is installed by, and is under the control and maintenance of the serving gas supplier transition Gas riser. A listed or approved section or sections of pipe and fittings used to convey fuel gas and installed in a gas piping system for the purpose of providing a transition from belowground to aboveground. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The fuel gas pipe provisions currently contained in the USPSHTC (including Chapter 2 definitions) are not specific to pool, spa, or hot tub applications. Such provisions are more appropriately located in a mechanical code, which is consistent in practice with other swimming pool, spa, and hot tub codes. 2. Furthermore, it does not make sense to have such detailed fuel gas pipe provisions in the USPSHTC when other types of energy sources (such as: electric, solar, heat pump, etc.) are not provided with similar provisions as well. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

139 USPSHTC 215 (92.1, 92.5, 228.): Item # 72 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Revise text as follows: 92. means of entry and exit including Steps, Ladders, and Stairs Swimming Pools. Swimming pools shall have not less than two means of entry/exit located to serve both ends of the pool by means of steps, recessed steps, ladders, stairs, or combination thereof. One entry/exit shall be provided in the shallow area of the pool where the vertical distance from the bottom of the pool to the deck exceeds 2 feet (61 mm). A second means of entry/exit shall be provided in the deep area of a pool having a depth that exceeds 54 inches (1372 mm). Where the width of the pool exceeds 3 feet (9144 mm), such means of entry/exit shall be provided at each side, not more than 1 feet (3 48 mm) apart. Wading pools shall have not less than one means of entry/exit by means of steps, stairs, sloped zero-depth entry, or combination thereof. Exception: Private swimming pools shall be permitted to have one entry/exit where the pool depth does not exceed 54 inches (1372 mm) and the width of the pool does not exceed 3 feet (9144 mm) Zero-Depth entry. Where zero-depth entries are provided for public aquatic venues, they shall be slip-resistant. The slope of a zero-depth entry shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 2 feet (696 mm) to a water depth of 3 feet (914 mm) Zero-Depth entry. An entry that starts at deck level and ends at the bottom of the aquatic venue. Also known as a beach entry or sloped entry. SubStANtiAtiON: Since zero-depth entries are a common form of entry for shallow depth pools, provisions to safeguard public health and safety should be provided for installation and enforcement. Within the pool industry, a slip-resistant surface is considered one that has a coefficient of friction of not less than.6. However, it is not practical that all jurisdictions will have the equipment necessary (ex: binary output tribometer) to perform field testing for enforcement. It should also be noted, that the text slip-resistant surface is consistent with the terminology used within the building code for enforcement of walking surfaces that are part of a means of egress. The Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) defines an aquatic venue as, An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes. This would include swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, water slides, catch pools, wave pools, leisure rivers, etc. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 92.1 Swimming Pools. Swimming pools shall have not less than two means of entry/exit located to serve both ends of the pool by means of steps, recessed steps, ladders, stairs, zero-depth entry, or combination thereof. One entry/exit shall be provided in the shallow area of the pool where the vertical distance from the bottom of the pool to the deck exceeds 2 feet (61 mm). A second means of entry/exit shall be provided in the deep area of a pool having a depth that exceeds 54 inches (1372 mm). Where the width of the pool exceeds 3 feet (9144 mm), such means of entry/exit shall be provided at each side, not more than 1 feet (3 48 mm) apart. Wading pools shall have not less than one means of entry/exit by means of steps, stairs, zero-depth entry, or combination thereof. Exception: Private swimming pools shall be permitted to have one entry/exit where the pool depth does not exceed 54 inches (1372 mm) and the width of the pool does not exceed 3 feet (9144 mm). 129

140 COmmittee StAtemeNt: The text zero-depth entry was added to the first sentence of Section 92.1 for consistency purposes. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 13

141 USPSHTC 215 (93.5): Item # 73 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Revise text as follows: 93.5 barrier Wall. Where a wall serves as part of the barrier one of the following conditions shall apply: (1) The pool, spa, or hot tub shall be equipped with a powered safety cover in accordance with ASTM F (2) Doors with direct access to the pool, spa, or hot tub through such wall shall be equipped with an alarm in accordance with UL 217 Section 77, that produces an audible warning where the door and its screen, where present, are opened. The alarm shall sound continuously for not less than 3 seconds within 7 seconds after the door is opened. The alarm shall have a minimum sound pressure rating of 85 dba at 1 feet (348 mm) and the sound of the alarm shall be distinctive from other household sounds such as smoke alarms, telephones, and door bells. The alarm shall automatically reset under all conditions. The alarm shall be equipped with manual means, such as touch pads or switches, to temporarily deactivate the alarm for a single opening of the door from either direction. Such deactivation shall not exceed 15 seconds and the deactivation touch pads or switches shall be located not less than 54 inches (1372 mm) above the threshold of the door. (3) Other means of protection, such as self-closing doors with self-latching devices shall be permitted so long as where the degree of protection is not less than the protection in Section 93.5(1) or Section 93.5(2). SubStANtiAtiON: Section 77 of UL 217 is restricted to residential water hazard alarms. Since this section covers both commercial and residential water hazard alarms, the specific reference to Section 77 is incorrect. The entire standard should be referenced as a whole. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

142 USPSHTC 215 (95.1, Table 11.1): Item # 74 Submitter: Mike Mitchell City of San Francisco recommendation: Revise text as follows: 95.1 General. In accordance with NEMA Z535.1, NEMA Z535.2, NEMA Z535.3, and NEMA Z535.4; Instructional, operational, and safety signage shall comply with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. ssignage shall be clearly visible at all entrances and at specific locations where applicable. The following signage shall be provided, but not limited to: (1) - (1) (remaining text unchanged) table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS NEMA Z * Safety Colors Signage 95.1 NEMA Z * Environmental and Facility Safety Signs Signage 95.1 NEMA Z * Criteria for Safety Symbols Signage 95.1 NEMA Z * Product Safety Signs and Labels Signage 95.1 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) would not provide IAPMO with updates to their standards in accordance with IAPMO s Rules & Regulations. Therefore, such standards cannot be referenced within the code as future revisions and updates within such standards cannot be verified. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

143 USPSHTC 215 (95.1): Item # 75 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Revise text as follows: 95.1 General. In accordance with NEMA Z535.1, NEMA Z535.2, NEMA Z535.3, and NEMA Z535.4; signage shall be clearly visible at all entrances and at specific locations where applicable. The following signage shall be provided, but not limited to: (1) - (1) (remaining text unchanged) (11) The maximum water depth at the entrance of water slides, wave pools, leisure rivers, and other types of aquatic recreational attractions. SubStANtiAtiON: A warning sign indicating the maximum water depth should be posted at the entrance of all aquatic recreational attractions (such as: water slides, wave pools, leisure rivers, etc.) so that an individual can make an informed decision based on their level of swimming proficiency. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

144 USPSHTC 215 (96.1): Item # 76 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Revise text as follows: 96.1 General. Safety covers for swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs shall be installed in accordance with ASTM F1346. A cover shall be not installed where a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub is in use. Operators for electrically operated swimming pool and spa covers shall comply with UL SubStANtiAtiON: UL 2452 includes a comprehensive set of construction and performance requirements that are used to evaluate and list operators used for electrically operated swimming pool and spa covers. UL 2452 is currently referenced in Chapter 1. This proposal will assist users of this code to readily identify the appropriate standard. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

145 USPSHTC 215 (Chapters 1 & 11): Item # 77 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: CHAPter 1 AQuAtiC recreatiol AttrACtiONS 11. General Applicability. This chapter shall govern the general requirements for design, materials, and methods of construction for diving facilities and equipment, swimming pool slides, water slides, wave pools, leisure rivers, and spray grounds. CHAPter 1 11 referenced StANDArDS General Standards. The standards listed in Table are intended for use in the design, testing, and installation of materials, devices, appliances, and equipment regulated by this code. table referenced StANDArDS (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) AbbreViAtiONS in table (remaining text unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: This code proposal will address a gap in the current version of the USPSHTC by providing provisions for aquatic venues such as water slides, wave pools, leisure rivers, spray grounds, etc. to safeguard public health and safety. With this change, the current Referenced Standards chapter will need to be relocated to be the last chapter of the document to be consistent with other IAPMO codes. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

146 USPSHTC 215 ( ): Item # 78 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: Diving equipment General. (remaining text unchanged) Diving boards. (remaining text unchanged) Diving Stands, Stairs, and Ladders. (remaining text unchanged) Guardrails. (remaining text unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: All aquatic equipment used for recreational purposes (ex: diving boards, slides, etc.) should be relocated to Chapter 1 (Aquatic Recreational Attractions) where aquatic venues such as water slides, wave pools, leisure rivers, and spray grounds are addressed. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

147 USPSHTC 215 (67., 67.1, 13.2, 221.): Item # 79 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: Swimming Pool Slides General. Swimming pool slides shall comply with 16 C.F.R. part 127 (Safety Standard for Swimming Pool Slides) or equivalent standards, and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions installation. Swimming pool slides shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Swimming pool slides shall not exceed 1 feet (348 mm) in height, and shall terminate at or below the normal operating water level of the pool. Where water is used, the flow rate shall not exceed 1 gallons per minute (gpm) (6.31 L/s) Swimming Pool Slide. A piece of equipment that is similar in construction to a playground slide that permits a user to slide from an elevated height to a swimming pool. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section 4.8.4). All aquatic equipment used for recreational purposes (ex: diving boards, slides, etc.) should be relocated to Chapter 1 (Aquatic Recreational Facilities) where aquatic venues such as water slides, wave pools, leisure rivers, and spray grounds are addressed. The 1 foot height and flow rate requirements are consistent with other industry standards and Federal Regulations. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

148 USPSHTC 215 ( , 92.2, 25., 28., 221., 225., Table 11.1): Item # 8 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: 14. Water Slides General. The design, construction, and operation of a water slide shall comply with ASTM F2376, and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. The surface of a water slide shall be smooth to prevent abrasions. A water slide shall include facilities for the disinfection of the water in accordance with this code, and shall be designed with an exit system which provides for safe entry into a flume, slide run-out, or catch pool. Handholds consisting of railings, or other approved methods, not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size shall be installed at the entrance of a water slide Flumes. Where a flume is installed, it shall be designed so that the walls do not create a hazard to the bather, and banked so that the bather is kept inside the flume. Flumes shall be designed to exit into a slide run-out or catch pool at a speed and angle of entry in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Catch Pools. Catch pools shall have a means of exit in accordance with Section A catch pool shall not be located in areas used for swimming or other purposes, and shall be divided from such areas by a float line in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The water depth for a catch pool shall be not less than 42 inches (167 mm) or as required by the water slide manufacturer, whichever is deeper Catch Pools. Catch pools shall have not less than one means of exit that consists of steps, recessed steps, ladders, stairs, or combination thereof in accordance with Section Means of exit shall be located not more than 1 feet (3 48 mm) apart, and away from where the water slide or flume terminates. (renumber remaining sections) 25. Catch Pool. A designated area of the pool located at the terminus point of one or more water slides or flumes an open or closed flume, vanishing edge pool, or similar structure. 28. Flume. The part of a water slide that includes deep riding channels, vertical and lateral curves, and high water flows that accommodate bathers using or not using mats, tubes, rafts, and other transport vehicles Slide run-out. The part of a water slide or flume where bathers are intended to decelerate or stop Water Slide. A public attraction that enables users to slide from an elevated height to a slide run-out or catch pool that may include the use of flumes. table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASTM F Standard Practice for Classification, Design, Manufacture, Water Slides 14.1 Construction, and Operation of Water Slide Systems Note: AStm F2376 standard meets the requirements for a mandatory reference standard in accordance with Section 15. of iapmo s regulations Governing Consensus Development of the 215 uniform Solar energy & Hydronics and Swimming Pool, Spa & Hot tub Codes. (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 138

149 SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section ). Aquatic features such as water slides, flumes, slide run-outs, and catch pools are not currently addressed in the USPSHTC, and should be to safeguard public health and safety. The structural design and operation of a water slide system should comply with the industry standard for such systems (ASTM F2376). Means for disinfection of the water used for a water slide have to meet the requirements of the code to avoid sickness or disease. Handholds are necessary for allowing a bather to safely position themselves before entering a water slide. ASTM F2376 (Section 8.2.1) requires either handrails or guardrails to be used as handholds. The 2 inch maximum size for the handholds is based on the hand size of an average adult that is consistent with industry standards and practices. A flume should be designed and constructed to prevent injury or death to the bather by preventing surface injuries such as abrasions and cuts, and ensuring that the bather is safely within the flume at all times of operations to prevent fall-related accidents. Water slide manufacturers (such as ProSlide Technology, WhiteWater, or Splashtacular) typically provide installation instructions for ensuring that a bather safely enters a slide run-out or catch pool to avoid injury. The minimum water depth for a catch pool, based on industry standards, shall be not less than 42 inches to minimize impact with the pool bottom. However, as indicated in Section , if the manufacturer requires a deeper catch pool due to such factors as the height of the slide above the water surface or the flow velocity of the water, than the catch pool shall be deeper than 42 inches. The requirement for one means of exit is consistent with the provisions already located in Section 92.1 of the USP- SHTC. Furthermore, in order to prevent injury the means of exit has to be located away from where the water slide or flume terminates into the catch pool. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 14. Water Slides General. The design, construction, and operation of a water slide shall comply with ASTM F2376, and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. The surface of a water slide shall be smooth to prevent abrasions. A water slide shall include facilities for the disinfection of the water in accordance with this code, and shall be designed with an exit system which provides for safe entry into a flume, slide run-out, or catch pool Handholds. Handholds consisting of railings, or other approved methods, not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size shall be installed at the entrance of a water slide Flumes. Where a flume is installed, it shall be designed so that the walls do not create a hazard to the bather, and banked so that the bather is kept inside the flume. Flumes shall be designed to exit into a slide run-out or catch pool at a speed and angle of entry in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Catch Pools. Catch pools shall have a means of exit in accordance with Section A catch pool shall not be located in areas used for swimming or other purposes, and shall be divided from such areas by a float line in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The water depth for a catch pool shall be not less than 42 inches (167 mm) or as required by the water slide manufacturer, whichever is deeper Catch Pools. Catch pools shall have not less than one means of exit that consists of steps, recessed steps, ladders, stairs, or combination thereof in accordance with Section Means of exit shall be located not more than 1 feet (3 48 mm) apart, and away from where the water slide or flume terminates. (renumber remaining sections) 139

150 25. Catch Pool. A designated area of the pool located at the terminus point of one or more water slides or flumes an open or closed flume, vanishing edge pool, or similar structure. 28. Flume. The part of a water slide that includes deep riding channels, vertical and lateral curves, and high water flows that accommodate bathers using or not using mats, tubes, rafts, and other transport vehicles Slide run-out. The part of a water slide or flume where bathers are intended to decelerate or stop. COmmittee StAtemeNt: ASTM F2376 already addresses design and operation provisions for water slides, and therefore most of the proposed text is not necessary and may conflict with the standard. Furthermore, the handhold requirement is being relocated to its own section to avoid any confusion that it is based on ASTM F2376. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 14

151 USPSHTC 215 (15., 15.1, 92.3, 23., 25.): Item # 81 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: 15. Wave Pools General. Wave pools shall have a means of entry and exit in accordance with Section The floor slope of a wave pool shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 12 feet (3658 mm). Caissons shall be separated from areas used by bathers with a float line in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Openings in a caisson shall be designed to prevent the passage of a 4 inch (12 mm) diameter sphere. Not less than two emergency shut-off switches (one on each side) shall be provided to disable the wave action, and shall be located such that the switches or wave generation equipment are not capable of being accessed by unauthorized personnel. An automatic audible warning system shall be provided to indicate the beginning of wave generation. Approved NO DIVING signage shall be provided around the perimeter of the pool, except in areas not accessible by bathers or at zero-depth entries, at intervals of not less than 25 feet (762 mm) Wave Pools. Bathers shall gain access to a wave pool at a zero-depth entry. Ladders shall be utilized for exit purposes. Handholds shall be provided continuously around the perimeter of the pool, except in areas not accessible by bathers or at zero-depth entries, where the water depth exceeds 24 inches (61 mm). Handholds shall be located not more than 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface. Handholds shall consist of coping, or other approved methods, that are not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size. Handholds and ladders shall be installed flush with the pool wall and designed so that body extremities will not become entangled. (renumber remaining sections) 25. Caissons. A structure located within a wave pool, typically at the deepest portion, where wave generation is mechanically produced Action Wave Pool. A wave pool in which standing waves are generated in an assortment of patterns. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section ). This code language provides provisions to safeguard public health and safety in regards to wave pools, and addresses a gap in the current version of the USPSHTC. In order to prevent injury, caissons must be separated from areas used by the bathers in accordance with the AHJ, and shall not have openings large enough to pass a 4 inch diameter sphere. The 4 inch diameter sphere requirement is consistent with industry standards for openings in safety barriers (refer to Section of the USPSHTC). Shut-off switches are necessary in the case of an emergency. Such switches and wave generation equipment shall only be accessible to authorized personnel to prevent injury to the bathers. An audible warning system is necessary to alert bathers of the beginning of wave action. No diving signage shall be provided to alert bathers of a potential safety hazard except where the perimeter of the pool is not accessible to the bathers or at zero-depth entries. Entry and exit to and from a wave pool has to be strictly governed to avoid a collision or entrapment hazard. That is why access can only be gained by way of a zero-depth entry, and exit by way of a ladder installed flush with the pool wall. Handholds are necessary to assist a bather in distress, and must also be installed flush with the pool wall to avoid a safety hazard. The 2 inch maximum size for the handholds is based on the hand size of an average adult that is consistent with industry standards and practices. 141

152 COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 92.3 Wave Pools. Bathers shall gain access to a wave pool at a zero-depth entry. Ladders shall be utilized for exit purposes. Handholds shall be provided continuously around the perimeter of the pool, except in areas not accessible by bathers or at zerodepth entries, where the water depth exceeds 24 inches (61 mm). Handholds shall be located not more than 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface. Handholds shall consist of coping, or other approved methods, that are not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size. Handholds and l Ladders shall be installed flush with the pool wall and designed so that body extremities will not become entangled. COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed modification will remove requirements for handholds that can be a safety hazard when located within a wave pool. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

153 USPSHTC 215 (16., 16.1, 92.4, 214.): Item # 82 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Add new text as follows: 16. Leisure rivers General. A means of emergency exit shall be provided in accordance with Section Not less than a 4 foot (1219 mm) wide deck, unless otherwise approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, shall be provided along the entire length of the river. A clearance of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) in height shall be provided from the water surface to an overhead structure. Propulsion jets shall be installed flush Leisure rivers. A leisure river shall be provided with a means of emergency exit that consists of steps, recessed steps, ladders, stairs, or combination thereof that do not protrude into the river, and are located at not more than 15 foot (45 72 mm) intervals around the river. Handholds shall be provided continuously on not less than one side of the river where the water depth exceeds 24 inches (61 mm), and located not more than 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface. Handholds shall consist of coping, or other approved methods, that are not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size. (renumber remaining sections) 214. Leisure river. A manufactured stream in which water is moved by propulsion to provide a river-like flow that transports bathers over a defined path that may include water features and play devices. Also known as a watercourse ride. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section ). This code language provides provisions to safeguard public health and safety in regards to leisure rivers, and addresses a gap in the current version of the USPSHTC. A perimeter deck is needed on at least one side of a leisure river for supervision, emergency exit, and maintenance purposes unless otherwise approved by the AHJ. The 4 foot width is consistent with Section 417. of the USPSHTC. Most rivers are 3 to feet deep making the clearance 7 to feet if you adhere to the 4 foot clearance requirement above the water surface. It should be noted that 7 feet is the typical building code minimum height requirement for ceilings. In order to prevent a collision or entrapment hazard, propulsion jets should be installed flush with the wall or bottom of the leisure river. It is important that a means of emergency exit be provided for patrons that fall into a leisure river as such attractions tend to be constructed with side walls that make it difficult for one to exit. An emergency exit should not protrude within the river that could create a collision or entrapment hazard for patrons. The 15 foot distance will make it so that a patron will never be more than 75 feet, or minutes based on an average current flow rate of 1 to 4 feet per second, from an emergency exit. The sides of a leisure river are the necessary point of safety for a patron that falls into the river, and therefore handholds are necessary in order for a patron to grasp when in distress. The 2 inch maximum size for the handholds is based on the hand size of an average adult that is consistent with industry standards and practices. 143

154 COmmittee ACtiON: Reject COmmittee StAtemeNt: The deck and emergency exit requirements lack sufficient technical justification to warrant such costly provisions. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

155 USPSHTC 215 (17., 17.1, 23., 221.): Item # 83 Submitter: Jasen Kunz, MPH, REHS/RS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendation: Revise text as follows: 17. Spray Grounds General. A spray ground shall have a nonabrasive, slip-resistant surface that will withstand repeated cleanings. Spray grounds shall be sloped uniformly not less than 1 4 inch per foot (2.8 mm/m) towards the drains or as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction to prevent the accumulation of water. Drainage flow to the spray ground treatment tank shall be by gravity. Openings in drain covers shall not exceed 1 2 of an inch (12.7 mm) in size. Not less than a 8 foot (2438 mm) wide deck that is constructed in accordance with Section 417., or a solid barrier constructed in accordance with Section , shall be provided between a spray ground and a landscaped area. A barrier of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) in height shall be installed between a spray ground and another body of water located within the same aquatic facility, unless there is a separation distance of not less than 15 feet (4572 mm). The velocity of a spray ground feature shall not exceed 2 feet per second (ft/s) (6.1 m/s) Aquatic Playgrounds Spray Ground. An specific area incorporating shallow water used for interactive water play that includes water sprays or other water features of various shapes and sizes Spray Ground Feature. A device used for the purpose of spraying or dumping water on patrons. SubStANtiAtiON: The proposed code language is based in part on the work of the Facility Design and Construction Technical Committee of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC) (Section ). This code language provides provisions to safeguard public health and safety in regards to spray grounds, and addresses a gap in the current version of the USPSHTC. In order to provide a safe and sanitary facility, a spray ground must have a surface that is both nonabrasive to prevent injuries when falls occur, and slip-resistant to prevent falls as much as possible. Within the pool industry, a slipresistant surface is considered one that has a coefficient of friction of not less than.6. However, it is not practical that all jurisdictions will have the equipment necessary (ex: binary output tribometer) to perform field testing in order to enforce. It should also be noted, that the text slip-resistant surface is consistent with the terminology used within the building code for enforcement of walking surfaces that are part of a means of egress. The surface of a spray ground should also be capable of withstanding repeated cleanings when accidents occur (ex: messy diaper). Standing water should not accumulate on a spray ground as an unsanitary condition can occur such as the breeding ground for mosquitoes that carry disease. Therefore, a uniform slope of not less than ¼ of an inch per foot, or as required by the AHJ, is necessary to prevent the accumulation of water. A minimum slope of ¼ inch per foot, or 2%, is consistent with the requirements of the plumbing code. Drainage flow should be by gravity, and not by direct suction, to avoid injury to a child that may sit on the drainage outlets. Landscaped areas should be separated from a spray ground by a deck or solid barrier to prevent contamination of the water that is supplied to the aquatic venue. Other methods of separation such as planters could be accepted by the AHJ based on Section 32.6 (Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction Equivalency). 145

156 As with wading pools, a spray ground needs to be separated from another body of water located within the same facility to make it difficult for small children to access, and therefore preventing unnecessary accidents from occurring. The 4 foot barrier height is based on language used in Section 44.1 of the USPSHTC for wading pools. The velocity of a spray ground feature should not exceed 2 ft/s in order to prevent eye injury to the bather. The MAHC defines an aquatic facility as, A public facility that contains one or more aquatic venues and support infrastructure under a single management structure. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Amended by the TC Amend proposal as follows: 17. Spray Grounds General. A spray ground shall have a nonabrasive, slip-resistant surface that will withstand repeated cleanings. Spray grounds shall be sloped uniformly not less than 1 4 inch per foot (2.8 mm/m) towards the drains or as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction to prevent the accumulation of water. Drainage flow to the spray ground treatment tank shall be by gravity. Openings in drain covers shall not exceed 1 2 of an inch (12.7 mm) in size. Not less than a 8 foot (2438 mm) wide deck that is constructed in accordance with Section 417., or a solid barrier constructed in accordance with Section , shall be provided between a spray ground and a landscaped area. A barrier of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) in height shall be installed between a spray ground and another body of water located within the same aquatic facility, unless there is a separation distance of not less than 15 feet (4572 mm). The nozzle velocity of a spray ground feature shall not exceed 2 feet per second (ft/s) (6.1 m/s). COmmittee StAtemeNt: The proposed modification will provide clarity for the end user as to what part of a spray ground feature must meet the maximum 2 ft/s velocity requirement. total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

157 USPSHTC 215 (11., 11.1): Item # 84 Submitter: Arnold Rodio Pace Setter Plumbing, Corp recommendation: Revise text as follows: 11. General Standards. The standards listed in Table 11.1 are intended for use in the design, testing, and installation of materials, devices, appliances, and equipment regulated by this code. These standards are mandatory where required by sections in this code. Organization abbreviations referred to in Table 11.1 are defined in a list found at the end of the table. SubStANtiAtiON: 1. The following revision to Section 11.1 correlates with similar revisions made to the 215 UPC for referenced standards. 2. The purpose of this change is to clarify to the end user that only those standards that are referenced within the code text are enforceable. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

158 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 85 Submitter: Matthew Senecal American Concrete Institute (ACI) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ACI Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete Miscellaneous , (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the ACI standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

159 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 86 Submitter: Carvin DiGiovanni Association of Pool & Spa Professionals (APSP) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS APSP * Aboveground/Onground Residential Swimming Pools Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 APSP * Residential Portable Spas and Swim Spas Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the APSP standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USPSHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

160 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 87 Submitter: Angel Guzman/Colleen O Brien The American Society of Mechanical Engineering (ASME) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASME A * Air Gaps in Plumbing Systems (for Plumbing Fixtures Fittings 32.4, 32.6 and Water-Connected Receptors) ASME A (R212)* Stainless Steel Drainage Systems for Sanitary DWV, Storm, and Vacuum Applications, Above-and Below- Ground Piping, Ferrous Table 35.1, , ASME A (R28 R212)* Roof, Deck, and Balcony Drains DWV Components 32.4, 32.6 ASME A (R28 Backwater Valves Valves 32.4, 32.6 R212)* ASME A Plumbing Supply Fittings Fittings 411.2, 412.2, /CSA B * ASME A /CSA B * Plumbing Waste Fittings Fittings 32.4, 32.6 ASME A (R28 R212)* ASME A /CSA B * ASME A M-1991 (R28 R212)* Performance Requirements for Backflow Protection Devices and Systems in Plumbing Fixture Fittings Backflow Protection 32.4, 32.6 Hydromassage Bathtub Appliances Systems Fixtures 32.4, 32.6 Cleanouts DWV Components 32.4, 32.6 ASME B * Malleable-Iron Threaded Fittings: Classes 15 and 3 Fittings Table 33.1, Table 35.1 ASME B * Gray Iron Threaded Fittings (Classes 125 and 25) Fittings Table 33.1 ASME B * Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS 1 2 through Fittings 32.4, 32.6 NPS 24 Metric/Inch ASME B * Cast Copper Alloy Threaded Fittings: Classes 125 and Fittings Table ASME B (R25) Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings Fittings Table * ASME B * Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges: Ring-Joint Spiral Joints Wound, and Jacketed ASME B * Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges Joints 32.4, 32.6 ASME B (R21) 212* Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings Fittings Table 33.1 ASME B (R26) 211* ASME B * Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings: DWV Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Classes 15, 3, 6, 9, 15 and 25 Fittings Table 35.1 Fittings 32.4, 32.6 ASME B * Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes Fittings Table 33.1 ASME B * Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder- Joint Drainage Fittings DWV Fittings Table 35.1 ASME B (R27) Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for use in Gas Valves 32.4, * Piping Systems up to 125 psi (Sizes NPS 1 2 -NPS 2) 15

161 StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASME B * Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End Valves 32.4, 32.6 ASME B * Large Diameter Steel Flanges: NPS 26 through NPS 6 Metric/Inch Fittings 32.4, 32.6 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the ASME standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

162 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 88 Submitter: Steve Mawn American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASTM A53/A53M Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded, and Seamless Piping, Ferrous Table 33.1, Table 35.1, ASTM A a Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Piping, Ferrous Table 35.1 ASTM A16/A16M Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Piping, Ferrous Service ASTM A254/A254M-1997 (R27) 212 Copper-Brazed Steel Tubing Piping, Ferrous ASTM A312/A312M a Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes Piping, Ferrous Table 33.1 ASTM A518/A518M-1999 Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron Castings Piping, Ferrous 32.4, 32.6 (R28 R212) ASTM A653/A653M Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Piping, Ferrous 32.4, 32.6 Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process ASTM A a Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Piping, Ferrous Table 35.1 and Storm Drain, Waste, and Vent Piping Applications ASTM A Cast Iron Couplings Used for Joining Hubless Cast Piping, Ferrous Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings ASTM B75/B75M-22 (R21) Seamless Copper Tube Piping, Copper Table 33.1, Table Alloy ASTM B152/B152M Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 ASTM B Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless Piping, Ferrous Tubes ASTM B241/B241M Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Piping, Ferrous , Seamless Extruded Tube ASTM B Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Piping, Copper Refrigeration Field Service Alloy ASTM B Threadless Copper Pipe, Standard Sizes Piping, Copper Table 33.1, Table 35.1 Alloy ASTM B Copper Drainage Tube (DWV) Piping, Copper Table 35.1 Alloy ASTM B a Welded Copper Tube Piping, Copper Table 33.1 Alloy ASTM B584-29a 213 Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications Piping, Copper 32.4, 32.6 Alloy ASTM B Welded Brass Tube Piping, Copper 32.4, 32.6 Alloy ASTM B (R25 R211) e1 Brass, Copper, and Chromium-Plated Pipe Nipples Piping, Copper Alloy 32.4, 32.6 ASTM C Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe Piping, Non- Metallic ASTM C428/C428M-25 Asbestos-Cement Nonpressure Sewer Pipe Piping, Non- (R26 R211) e1 Metallic Table 35.1 Table 35.1 ASTM C Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets Joints 32.4,

163 StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASTM C564-29a 212 Rubber Gaskets for Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Joints ASTM C ASTM C e1 ASTM C a 212 ASTM C (R213) ASTM C ASTM C (R213) Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, and Perforated Flexible Transition Couplings for Underground Piping Systems Shielded Couplings Joining Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Thermoplastic Elastomeric (TPE) Gasket Materials for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV), Sewer, Sanitary and Storm Plumbing Systems Shielded Transition Couplings for Use with Dissimilar DWV Pipe and Fittings Above Ground Mechanical Couplings Using Thermoplastic Elastomeric (TPE) Gaskets for Joining Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV), Sewer, Sanitary, and Storm Plumbing Systems for Above and Below Ground Use Piping, Non- Metallic Table 35.1 Joints 32.4, 32.6 Joints Joints 32.4, 32.6 Joints 32.4, 32.6 Joints 32.4, 32.6 ASTM C154-29a 211 ASTM D * ASTM D a* ASTM D * ASTM D * ASTM D * ASTM D (R29) e1 212* Heavy Duty Shielded Couplings Joining Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 4, 8 and 12 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, (SIDR-PR) Based on Controlled Inside Diameter Threaded Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 8 Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 8 Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings Solvent Cements for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems Joints Piping, Plastic Table 33.1, Table 35.1 Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 Fittings Table 33.1 Fittings Table 33.1 Piping, Plastic , , , Joints , ASTM D * Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 4 Piping, Plastic Table 35.1 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings ASTM D * Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Piping, Plastic Table 35.1 Vent Pipe and Fittings ASTM D e1 * Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Fittings Table 33.1 Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing ASTM D a* Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Tubing Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 ASTM D2846/D2846M- 29b e1 * Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Hotand Cold-Water Distribution Systems Piping, Plastic , Table 33.1 ASTM D e1 * Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Controlled Outside Diameter Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 ASTM D (R213)* Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Joints , Elastomeric Seals ASTM D a 212* Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubings Fittings Table 33.1 ASTM D a 211* Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Plastic Fittings Patterns Fittings 32.4, 32.6 ASTM F42-25 (R212)* Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings Joints 32.4, 32.6 ASTM F49-22 (R28) 212* Thermoplastic Accessible and Replaceable Plastic Tube and Tubular Fittings Piping, Plastic 32.4,

164 StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS ASTM F * Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 8 Fittings Table 33.1 ASTM F441/F441M * Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 Pipe, Schedules 4 and 8 ASTM F442/F442M * Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 ASTM F e1 * Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 4 Piping, Plastic Table 35.1 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe with a Cellular Core ASTM F a* Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on Piping, Plastic 32.4, 32.6 Outside Diameter ASTM F * Smoothwall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe for Use in Piping, Plastic 32.4, 32.6 Drainage and Waste Disposal Absorption Fields ASTM F * Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing Piping, Plastic Table 33.1, ASTM F a* ASTM F (R26) 213* ASTM F * ASTM F (R23 R21)* ASTM F e1 213* ASTM F (R211) 212* ASTM F (R211) 212* ASTM F * ASTM F * ASTM F * ASTM F * ASTM F * ASTM F * ASTM F Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Fittings Table 33.1 Diameter Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and Tubing Crosslinked Polyethylene/Aluminum/ Crosslinked Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 Polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pressure Pipe Safety Covers and Labeling Requirements for All Covers Miscellaneous 93.5, 96.1 for Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs Metal Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring Fittings Table 33.1 for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE- RT) Tubing Plastic Mechanical Fittings for Use on Outside Diameter Fittings 32.4, 32.6 Controlled Polyethylene Gas Distribution Pipe and Tubing Metallic Mechanical Fittings for Use on Outside Diameter Fittings 32.4, 32.6 Controlled Thermoplastic Gas Distribution Pipe and Tubing Cold Expansion Fittings with PEX Reinforcing Rings Fittings Table 33.1 for Use with Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing Special Engineered Fittings, Appurtenances or Valves Piping, Plastic Table 33.1 for Use in Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Systems Factory Assembled Anodeless Risers and Transition Fittings Fuel Gas in Polyethylene (PE) and Polyamide 11 (PA11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12) Fuel Gas Distribution Systems Cold-Expansion Fittings With Metal Compression- Fittings Table 33.1 Sleeves for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe Plastic Insert Fittings Utilizing a Copper Crimp Ring Joints Table 33.1 for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE- RT) Tubing Field-Assembled Anodeless Riser Kits for Use on Outside Fuel Gas Diameter Controlled Polyethylene Gas Distribu- tion Pipe and Tubing Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Plastic Hot and Cold-Water Tubing and Distribution Systems Piping and Fittings, Plastic Table 33.1 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 154

165 SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the ASTM standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USPSHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

166 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 89 Submitter: Annette Alonso American Welding Society (AWS) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS AWS A5.8M/A * Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding Joints , , , AWS A5.9/A5.9M * Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods Joints AWS B * Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification for Thermoplastics Joints, Certification (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the AWS standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

167 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 9 Submitter: Paul Olson American Water Works Association (AWWA) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS AWWA C * Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings Fittings Table 33.1 AWWA C * Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe Joints , and Fittings AWWA C * Ductile-Iron Compact Fittings for Water Service Fittings Table 33.1 AWWA C * Ball Valves, 6 in. through 48 in. (15 mm through 12 Valves 32.4, 32.6 mm) (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the AWWA standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

168 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 91 Submitter: Lauro Pilla Canadian Standards Association (CSA) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS CSA B (R28) CSA Plastic Plumbing Fixtures Fixtures 49.1, 41.1, 411.1, B /IAPMO Z CSA B Hose Connection Dual Check Vacuum Breakers Backflow Protection (HCDVB) CSA B Plumbing Fittings Fittings CSA LC 1ab Fuel Gas Piping Systems Using Corrugated Stainless Fuel Gas (R211)* Steel Tubing (CSST) (same as CSA 6.26ab) CSA LC 3-2 (R25)* (D) Appliance Stands and Drain Pans (Discontinued) Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 CSA LC 4a * Press-Connect Copper and Copper Alloy Fittings for Fuel Gas Use in Fuel Gas Distribution Systems (same as CSA 6.32a) CSA Z21.1.1a * CSA Z21.1.3b-28 (R21) 213* CSA Z21.13ab * CSA Z21.15a * Gas Water Heaters Volume I, Storage Water Heaters with Input Ratings of 75 Btu Per Hour or Less (same as CSA 4.1a) Gas Water Heaters Volume III, Storage Water Heaters with Input Ratings Above 75 Btu Per Hour, Circulating and Instantaneous (same as CSA 4.3b) Gas-Fired Low Pressure Steam and Hot-Water Boilers (same as CSA 4.9ab) Manually Operated Gas Valves for Appliances, Appliance Connector Valves, and Hose End Valves (same as CSA 9.1a) Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equipment Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equipment 32.4, , 32.6 Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equip- 32.4, 32.6 ment Fuel Gas 32.4, 32.6 CSA Z21.24a-29 (R211)* Connectors for Gas Appliances (same as CSA 6.1a) Fuel Gas CSA Z21.41b * Quick-Disconnect Devices for Use with Gas Fuel Fuel Gas 32.4, 32.6 Appliances (same as CSA 6.9b) CSA Z21.56a * Gas-Fired Pool Heaters (same as CSA 4.7a) Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equipment 45.3, 75.1 CSA Z21.69a * Connectors for Movable Gas Appliances (same as CSA Fuel Gas 32.4, a) CSA Z21.8ba * Line Pressure Regulators (same as CSA 6.22ba) Fuel Gas , CSA Z21.9b-26 (R211)* Gas Convenience Outlets and Optional Enclosures (same as CSA 6.24b) Fuel Gas (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the CSA standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

169 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 92 Submitter: Kyle Thompson International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS IAPMO PS 33-21c (D) Flexible PVC Hose for Pools, Hot Tubs, Spas and Jetted Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 Bathtub (Discontinued) IAPMO PS Pipe Alignment & and Secondary Support Systems Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 IAPMO PS (D) Cushioned Bathtubs and Whirlpool Bathtub Appliances Fixtures 32.4, 32.6 (Discontinued) IAPMO PS Plastic and Metallic Expansion Joints for DWV Piping Joints 32.4, 32.6 Systems IAPMO PS e1 Grooved Mechanical Pipe Couplings and Grooved End Joints 32.4, 32.6 Fittings IAPMO Z * Plastic Bathtub and Shower Units (Replaced with CSA Fixtures B /IAPMO Z Plastic Plumbing Fixtures) IAPMO Z * Plastic Lavatories (Replaced with CSA B45.5- Fixtures /IAPMO Z Plastic Plumbing Fixtures) IAPMO Z * Plastic Water Closet Bowls and Tanks (Replaced with Fixtures 49.1 CSA B /IAPMO Z Plastic Plumbing Fixtures) IAPMO Z * Prefabricated Plastic Spa Shells Fixtures IAPMO Z * Plastic Bathtub Liners for Bathtubs and Shower Receptors Fixtures 32.4, 32.6 IAPMO Z * Plastic Urinal Fixtures (Replaced with CSA B /IAPMO Z Plastic Plumbing Fixtures) Fixtures 41.1, 41.2 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the IAPMO standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USPSHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

170 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 93 Submitter: David Thompson Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry (MSS) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS MSS SP Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Fuel Gas Flanges of Valves and Fittings MSS SP-58-29* Pipe Hangers and Supports Materials, Design, Manufacture, Fuel Gas Selection, Application, and Installation MSS SP-67-22a 211* Butterfly Valves Valves 32.4, 32.6 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the MSS standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE: 12 16

171 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 94 Submitter: Denise Beach National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS NFPA 54/Z * National Fuel Gas Code Fuel Gas 32.4, 32.6 NFPA * Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equipment NFPA * Hazardous Material Code Miscellaneous A 3.3 NFPA (D) Storage of Liquid and Solid Oxidizers (Discontinued) Miscellaneous A , , , (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the NFPA standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USPSHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

172 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 95 Submitter: Jeremy Brown NSF International recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS NSF * Plastics Piping System Components and Related Materials Piping, Plastic 32.1 NSF * Equipment for Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs and other Recreational Water Facilities Appliances and Equipment NSF 61-21a 212* Drinking Water System Components Health Effects Water Supply Components 32.4, , 413.1, 54.6 (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the NSF standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

173 USPSHTC 215 (Table 11.1): Item # 96 Submitter: Marguerite Carroll UL LLC recommendation: Revise text as follows: table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS UL 13-21* UL * Factory-Built Chimneys for Residential Type and Building Heating Appliances (with revisions through July 27, 212) Flow Control Valves for Anhydrous Ammonia and LP- Gas (with revisions through February 26, 21 November 1, 211) UL * LP-Gas Regulators (with revisions through August 27, 21) UL * Oil Burners (with revisions through March 5, 21 June 15, 211) UL * UL * (D) UL * UL * UL * UL * UL * UL UL * UL * UL * UL * UL * Pumps for Oil-Burning Appliances (with revisions through June 12, 213) Constant-Level Oil Valves (with revisions through March 16, 21) (Discontinued) Power Units for Fountain, Swimming Pool, and Spa Luminaires Steel Auxiliary Tanks for Oil-Burner Fuel (with revisions through March 25, 28 March 8, 213) Type L Low-Temperature Venting Systems (with revisions through December 13, 21 June 12, 213) Schedule 4,and 8, Type EB and A Rigid PVC Conduit and Fittings (with revisions through March 11, 21 March 3, 212) Underwater Luminaires and Submersible Junction Boxes Fuel (with revisions through April 27, 21 August 14, 212) Oil-Fired Boiler Assemblies (with revisions through April 22, 21 April 6, 211) Motor-Operated Water Pumps (with revisions through August 25, 211 May 25, 212) Heating, Water Supply, and Power Boilers Electric (with revisions through December 4, 29 January 14, 213) Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equip- 32.4, 32.6 ment Fuel Gas 32.4, 32.6 Fuel Gas 32.4, 32.6 Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equip- 32.4, 32.6 ment Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equip- 32.4, 32.6 ment Fuel Gas 32.4, 32.6 Equipment 32.4, 32.6 Fuel Gas 32.4, 32.6 Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 Piping, Plastic Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 Fuel Gas, Appliances and Equipment Appliances and Equipment Appliances and Equipment 32.4, , , 32.6 Swimming Pool Pumps, Filters, and Chlorinators (with revisions through May 31, 21 May 31, 213) Appliances and Equipment 32.4, 32.6 Junction Boxes for Swimming Pool Luminaires (with Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 revisions through November 25, 28 March 3, 212) Electric Water Heaters for Pools and Tubs (with revisions Appliances and 76.5 through June 16, 21 July 31, 212) Equipment 163

174 UL * UL * UL * Speakers for Fire Alarm, Emergency, and Commercial and Professional Use Tubs (with revisions through June 23, 21 October 17, 212) Electric Spas, Equipment Assemblies, and Associated Equipment Tubs (with revisions through March 31, 21 July 3, 212) Heating and Cooling Equipment (with revisions through July 3, 29) Miscellaneous 32.4, 32.6 Appliances and Equipment Appliances and Equipment 45.3, (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: The above revisions reflect the latest updates to the UL standards that are referenced in Table 11.1 of the USP- SHTC. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

175 USPSHTC 215 (Appendix A, 58., 58.1, 97., 97.1): Item # 97 Submitter: Dr. Alison Osinski Aquatic Consulting Services recommendation: Revise text as follows: APPeNDiX A WAter CHemiStry A 1. General. A 1.1 Applicability. This appendix shall govern general requirements for water chemistry as they pertain to swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. A 2. Definitions. A 2.1 General. For purposes of this appendix, the following definitions shall apply: 23. Acid. (remaining text unchanged) Alkaline. (remaining text unchanged) 24. base. (remaining text unchanged) bromine. (remaining text unchanged) 25. Calcium Hardness. (remaining text unchanged) Combined Chlorine (Chloramines). (remaining text unchanged) Cyanuric Acid. (remaining text unchanged) 26. Disinfectant. (remaining text unchanged) Disinfection. (remaining text unchanged) 28. Free Chlorine. (remaining text unchanged) 214. Langelier Saturation index. (remaining text unchanged) 216. Nitrate. (remaining text unchanged) 217. Oxidation reduction Potential (OrP). (remaining text unchanged) Oxidizer. (remaining text unchanged) Ozone. (remaining text unchanged) 165

176 218. ph. (remaining text unchanged) PHmb (poly hexamethylene biguanide). (remaining text unchanged) Phosphates. (remaining text unchanged) 22. ryznar Stability index. (remaining text unchanged) 221. Salinity. (remaining text unchanged) 222. total Alkalinity. (remaining text unchanged) total bromine. (remaining text unchanged) total Chlorine. (remaining text unchanged) total Dissolved Solids (tds). (remaining text unchanged) total Hardness. (remaining text unchanged) 223. ultraviolet Light. (remaining text unchanged) A 3. Water Chemistry Guidelines. A 3.1 General requirements. Parameters for chemicals used within a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall be in accordance with Table A 3.1. Provisions for the handling of chemicals shall be in accordance with Section A 3.2. Provisions for the storing of chemicals shall be in accordance with Section A Primary Disinfection General. Chemicals for a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall be dispensed in accordance with the chemical manufacturer s instructions, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), and applicable standards and regulations. Parameters for chemicals used within a swimming pool, spa, and hot tub shall be in accordance with Table (renumber remaining sections) table A WAter CHemiStry (portions of table not shown remain unchanged) 97. Chemicals General. Chemicals for a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall be handled in accordance with Section 97.2, and stored in accordance with Section 97.3, and dispensed in accordance with local and state codes or regulations, chemical manufacturer instructions, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), and other applicable standards and regulations. (See Appendix A for general information in regards to water chemistry, handling chemicals, and storing chemicals). A 3.2 Precautions in 97.2 Handling Chemicals. The following precautions shall be followed where handling cchemicals shall be handled in accordance with the following provisions that are commonly used for the treatment of a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub: (remaining text unchanged) 166

177 A 3.3 Precautions in Storing Chemicals 97.3 Storage. Chemicals used in the treatment of a public swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall be stored in accordance with NFPA 4 and NFPA 43. Chemicals used in the treatment of a private swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall be stored in accordance with the following provisions: (remaining text unchanged) table 11.1 referenced StANDArDS StANDArD Number StANDArD title APPLiCAtiON referenced SeCtiONS NFPA 43-24* Storage of Liquid and Solid Oxidizers Miscellaneous A 3.3 (portions of table not show remain unchanged) SubStANtiAtiON: There are several jurisdictions that do not adopt the appendices of the code. Therefore, the provisions involving water chemistry and the dispensing, handling, and storage of chemicals used in the treatment of swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs (that were approved last code cycle) should be relocated to Chapters 5 & 9 were they can be applied and enforced. NFPA 43 has been discontinued by the promulgator. COmmittee ACtiON: Accept as Submitted total eligible to VOte: 12 VOtiNG results: AFFIRMATIVE:

178 168

179 Copyright 215 [or 213 or 214, etc.] By International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials All Rights Reserved

180

181 TABLE OF CONTENTS Note: Page numbers will be updated before publishing. CHAPTER 1 ADMINISTRATION General Title Scope Purpose Unconstitutional Validity Applicability Conflicts Between Codes Existing Installations Maintenance Additions, Alterations, or Repairs Health and Safety Changes in Building Occupancy Moved Structures Appendices Duties and Powers of the Authority Having Jurisdiction General Liability Applications and Permits Right of Entry Permits Permits Required Exempt Work Application for Permit Permit Issuance Fees Inspections and Testing General Required Inspection Testing of Systems Connection to Service Utilities Violations and Penalties General Notice of Correction or Violation Penalties Stop Orders Authority to Disconnect Utilities in Emergencies Authority to Condemn Board of Appeals General Limitations of Authority Table 14.5 Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Permit Fees CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS General Applicability Definition of Terms General CHAPTER 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS General Applicability Swimming Pools in Flood Hazard Areas General Requirements Minimum Standards Equipment Marking Standards Existing Buildings Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction Equivalency Testing Water Supply and Circulating System Pipe and Fitting Materials Materials Copper Tube Hard-Drawn Copper Tubing Flexible Copper Connectors Cast-Iron Fittings Malleable Iron Previously Used Piping and Tubing Plastic Materials Solder Lead Content Water Heating Equipment Dielectric Unions Water Supply and Circulating System Pipe Joints and Connections Asbestos Cement Pipe and Joints UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE xiii

182 34.2 Brass Pipe and Joints Table 33.1 Materials for Building Supply and Water Distribution Piping and Fittings Copper Pipe, Tubing, and Joints CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints Ductile Iron Pipe and Joints Galvanized Steel Pipe and Joints PE Plastic Pipe/Tubing and Joints PE-AL-PE Plastic Pipe/Tubing and Joints PE-RT PEX Plastic Tubing and Joints PEX-AL-PEX Plastic Tubing and Joints Polypropylene (PP) Piping and Joints PVC Plastic Pipe and Joints Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints Joints Between Various Materials Drainage Pipe and Fitting Materials Materials Fittings Drainage Piping Unions Drainage Pipe Joints and Connections ABS and ABS Co-Extruded Plastic Pipe and Joints Table 35.1 Materials for Drain, Waste, Vent Pipe and Fittings Asbestos Cement Pipe and Joints Brass Pipe and Joints Cast-Iron Pipe and Joints Copper Pipe (DWV) and Joints Galvanized Steel Pipe and Joints PVC and PVC Co-Extruded Plastic Pipe and Joining Methods Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints Vitrified Clay Pipe and Joints Joints Between Various Materials Workmanship and Installation Practices Non-Threaded Plastic Piping Threaded Plastic Piping Bends in Plastic Piping Bends in Copper Tubing Protection of Circulating Piping Burred Ends Screwed Fittings Increasers and Reducers Prohibited Fittings and Practices Drainage and Vent Piping Dissimilar Metals Direction of Flow Protection of Piping, Materials, and Structures Installation Building Sewer and Drainage Piping Corrosion, Erosion, and Mechanical Damage Protectively Coated Pipe Freezing Protection Fire-Resistant Construction Waterproofing of Openings Steel Nail Plates Sleeves Structural Members Rodentproofing Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill Trenches Tunneling and Driving Open Trenches Excavations Tests and Test Gauges Approval of Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Piping Approval of Drainage and Vent Piping Dial Gauges Pressure Tests (1 psi or less) Pressure Tests (greater than 1 psi to 1 psi) Pressure Tests (exceeding 1 psi) Pressure Range Final Inspection General xiv 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

183 CHAPTER 4 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION General Applicability Part I Swimming Pools General Requirements Installation Methods of Construction Structural Design Testing Dimensions Floor Slopes Floor and Wall Slopes Markings Maximum Bather Load Wading Pools General Gates Water Depth Walls Markings Floor Slope Part II Spas and Hot Tubs General Hydrostatic Relief Design Maximum Water Temperature Water Depth Maximum Bather Load Floor Slope Depth of Seating Finishes and Surfaces Handholds Markings Ventilation Part III Public Facilties and Decks General Accessible Facilities Toilet Facilities General Occupant Load Table 47.2 Minimum Number of Plumbing Fixtures Privacy Floors Walls Hardware Access to Fixtures Public and Employee Use Installation Water Closets Application Water Consumption Water Closet Seats Urinals Application Water Consumption Nonwater Urinals Lavatories Application Water Consumption Limitation of Hot Water Temperature for Public Lavatories Showers Application Water Consumption Individual Shower and Tub- Shower Combination Control Valves Shower Compartments Public Shower Floors Location of Valves and Heads Water Supply Riser Drinking Fountains General Floor Drains General Hose Bibbs General Lightning Protection Systems General Testing Decks General Public Spas and Hot Tubs Deck Drainage CHAPTER 5 WATER QUALITY General Applicability Sizing for Velocity UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE xv

184 52.1 General Circulating Piping System Turnover Time General Valves Fullway Valves Below the Overflow Rim Grade Check Valves Multiport Valves Size Water Supply Inlets and Connections Vacuum Breakers Backflow Protection Manual Override Water Supply Connections Filters Rapid Sand Filters High-Rate Sand Filters Diatomite Type Filters Cartridge Filters Operating Instructions Pressure Filter System Chlorinators General Protection Against Gas Siphoning Ventilation Chlorine Equipment Design Storage Shut Off Chlorine Feeding Device Design Type of Feeding Device Chlorinator Design Interlocked Scale Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Fittings General Listed Surface Skimmers Perimeter Overflow Systems Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Outlets Wastewater Disposal General Direct Connection Traps Availability of a Public Sewer or Storm Drain Used for Irrigation Drywells Separation Tank Deck Drain Piping Materials Located in the Interior of a Building Located from the Exterior of a Building Protection from Damage Concealed Locations Strainers CHAPTER 6 EQUIPMENT General Applicability Accessibility and Clearances Location of Equipment Electrical Systems General Equipment Foundations and Enclosures General Wooden Hot Tubs Pumps Strainers Base Design Capacity Diving Equipment General Diving Boards Diving Stands, Stairs, and Ladders Guardrails Slides General CHAPTER 7 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT AND VENTS General Applicability Permits General Inspections Inspection of Chimneys or Vents Final Water Heating Equipment Inspection xvi 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

185 74. Water Heating Equipment Requirements General Clearance Pressure-Limiting Devices Temperature-Limiting Devices Temperature, Pressure, and Vacuum Relief Devices Gas-Fired Water Heating Equipment Approval Requirements General Reconditioned Equipment Other Types of Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Water Heating Equipment General Safety Devices Oil-Fired Water Heating Equipment Solar Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Water Heating Equipment Electric Water Heating Equipment Heat Pump Water Heating Equipment Installation Requirements for Water Heating Equipment Condensation Check Valve Inlet and Outlet Piping Pit Installation Unions Valves Air for Combustion and Ventilation General Indoor Combustion Air Indoor Opening Size and Location Outdoor Combustion Air Combination Indoor and Outdoor Combustion Air Engineered Installations Mechanical Combustion Air Supply Louvers, Grilles and Screens Combustion Air Ducts Other Water Heating Equipment Installation Requirements Dielectric Insulator Seismic Provisions Ground Support Drainage Pan Relief Valve Discharge Added or Converted Appliances Types of Gases Flammable Vapors Installation in Garages Installation in Parking Structures Venting of Flue Gases Extra Device or Attachment Adequate Capacity of Piping Avoiding Strain on Gas Piping Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators Bleed Lines for Diaphragm-Type Valves Combination of Appliances Installation Instructions Protection of Outdoor Appliances Accessibility for Service Appliances on Roofs General Installation of Appliances on Roofs Access to Equipment and Appliances on Roofs Appliances in Attics Venting of Appliances Minimum Safe Performance Specification for Venting Design and Construction Type of Venting System to be Used Table Type of Venting System to be Used Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys Gas Vents Table Roof Pitch Height Single-Wall Metal Pipe Table Clearance for Connectors Table (1) Reduction of Clearances with Specified Forms of Protection Through-the-Wall Vent Termination UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE xvii

186 711.9 Condensation Drain Vent Connectors for Category I Appliances Table Minimum Thickness for Galvanized Steel Vent Connectors for Low-Heat Appliances Table (1) Minimum Thickness for Steel Vent Connectors for Medium- Heat Appliances and Commercial and Industrial Incinerators Draft Hoods and Draft Controls Manually Operated Dampers Automatically Operated Vent Dampers Obstructions Sizing of Category I Venting Systems Installation Additional Requirements to Multiple Appliance Vent Table 712.2(1) through Table 712.2(9) Table Vent Connector Maximum Length Direct-Vent Appliances General Table (1) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent Table (2) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent Table (3) Masonry Chimney Table (4) Masonry Chimney Table (5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos Cement Vent...74 Table (6) Exterior Masonry Chimney Table 712.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Vent Table 712.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Vent Table 712.2(3) Masonry Chimney Table 712.2(4) Masonry Chimney Table 712.2(5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos Cement Vent Table 712.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney Table 712.2(7) Exterior Masonry Chimney Table 712.2(8) Exterior Masonry Chimney Table 712.2(9) Exterior Masonry Chimney CHAPTER 8 FUEL GAS PIPING General Applicability Plans Required General Requirements Workmanship and Defects Strained Piping Defective Pipe Protective Coating Inspection Inspection Notification Excavation Type of Inspections Inspection Waived Certificate of Inspection Issuance Unlawful Authority to Render Gas Service Authorized Personnel Outlets Authority to Disconnect Disconnection Notice Capped Outlets Temporary Use of Gas General Gas Piping System Design, Materials, and Components Installation of Piping System Provision for Location of Point of Delivery Interconnections Between Gas Piping Systems Sizing of Gas Piping Systems Acceptable Piping Materials and Joining Methods Table Specifications for Threading Metallic Pipe Gas Meters Gas Pressure Regulators Shutoff Valves Excess Flow Valve Expansion and Flexibility Gas Piping Installation Piping Underground Installation of Piping Table Support of Piping Concealed Piping in Buildings Piping in Vertical Chases Appliance Overpressure Protection Gas Pipe Turns xviii 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

187 81.7 Drips and Sediment Traps Outlets Branch Pipe Connection Manual Gas Shutoff Valves Prohibited Devices Electrical Bonding and Grounding Electrical Circuits Electrical Connections Appliance Connections to Building Piping Connecting Gas Appliances Appliance Shutoff Valves and Connections Quick-Disconnect Devices Gas Convenience Outlets Sediment Trap Installation of Piping Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities and Piping General Pressure Testing and Inspection Piping Installations Test Preparation Test Pressure Detection of Leaks and Defects Piping System Leak Test Purging Requirements Table Size and Length of Piping Required Gas Supply General Volume Gas Appliances Size of Piping Outlets Required Gas Piping Size Pipe Sizing Methods Tables for Sizing Gas Piping Systems Sizing Equations Table Cr and Y for Natural Gas and Undiluted Propane at Standard Conditions Sizing of Piping Sections Engineering Methods Variable Gas Pressure Table 815.2(1) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(2) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(3) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(4) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(5) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(6) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(7) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(8) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(9) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(1) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(11) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(12) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(13) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(14) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(15) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(16) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(17) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(18) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(19) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe Table 815.2(2) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe Table 815.2(21) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe Table 815.2(22) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing Table 815.2(23) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing Table 815.2(24) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(25) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(26) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(27) Schedule 4 Metallic Pipe Table 815.2(28) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(29) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(3) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing Table 815.2(31) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(32) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(33) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) Table 815.2(34) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe Table 815.2(35) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe Table 815.2(36) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing CHAPTER 9 SAFETY General Applicability Means of Entry and Exit Including Steps, Ladders, and Stairs UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE xix

188 92.1 Swimming Pools Spas and Hot Tubs Ladder, Step, and Stair Construction Hand Railings Barrier Requirements General Barrier Location Barrier Height Access Gates or Doors Barrier Wall Aboveground Barrier Indoor Swimming Pool Electrical Safety General Grounding Bonding GFCI Protection Emergency Shutoff for Public Swimming Pools, Spas, and Hot Tubs Signage General Safety Covers General Chemicals General Water Clarity General Parameters Life Safety and Rescue Equipment General Equipment USEFUL TABLES INDEX CHAPTER 1 REFERENCED STANDARDS General Standards Table 11.1 Referenced Standards APPENDICES TABLE OF CONTENTS Appendix A Water Chemistry Appendix B Sizing of Venting Systems and Combination Indoor/Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Openings Appendix C Energy Efficiency xx 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

189 CHAPTER 1 ADMINISTRATION 11. General Title. This document shall be known as the Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Code, may be cited as such, and will be referred to herein as this code Scope. The provisions of this code shall apply to the erection, installation, alteration, repair, relocation, replacement, addition to, use, and maintenance of swimming pools, spas, or hot tub systems within this jurisdiction Purpose. This code is an ordinance providing minimum requirements and standards for the protection of the public health, safety, and welfare Unconstitutional. Where a section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase of this code is, for a reason, held to be unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this code. The legislative body hereby declares that it would have passed this code, and each section, subsection, sentence, clause, or phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses, and phrases be declared unconstitutional Validity. Where a provision of this code, or the application thereof to a person or circumstance, is held invalid, the remainder of the code, or the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby. 12. Applicability Conflicts Between Codes. Where the requirements within the jurisdiction of this code conflict with the requirements of the plumbing or mechanical code, this code shall prevail. In instances where the code, applicable standards, or the manufacturer s installation instructions conflict, the more stringent provisions shall prevail. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall prevail Existing Installations. Swimming pools, spas, or hot tub systems lawfully in existence at the time of the adoption of this code shall be permitted to have their use, maintenance, or repair continued where the use, maintenance, or repair is in accordance with the original design and location and no hazard to life, health, or property has been created by such system Maintenance. The plumbing and drainage system of premises under the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be maintained in a sanitary and safe operating condition. Swimming pool, spa, or hot tub systems, materials, equipment, structures, signage, safety devices, fencing, appurtenances and other associated components both existing and new, and parts thereof shall be maintained in operating condition. Devices or safeguards required by this code shall be maintained in accordance with the code edition under which it was installed. The owner or the owner s designated agent shall be responsible for the maintenance of swimming pools, spas, or hot tub systems. To determine compliance with this subsection, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to cause swimming pool, spa, or hot tub systems to be reinspected Additions, Alterations, Renovations, or Repairs. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs to a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system shall conform to that required for a new system without requiring the existing swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system to comply with the requirements of this code. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs shall not cause an existing system to become unsafe, insanitary, or overloaded. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs to existing swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall comply with the provisions for new construction, unless such deviations are found to be necessary and are first approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Health and Safety. Where compliance with the provisions of this code fail to eliminate or alleviate a nuisance, or other dangerous or insanitary condition that involves health or safety hazards, the owner or the owner s agent shall install such additional swimming pool, spa, or hot tub facilities or shall make such repairs or alterations as ordered by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Changes in Building Occupancy. Swimming pool, spa, or hot tub systems that are a part of a building or structure undergoing a change in use or occupancy, as defined in the building code, shall be in accordance with the requirements of this code that are applicable to the new use or occupancy Moved Structures. Parts of the swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or plumbing systems of a building or part thereof that is moved from one foundation to another, or from one location to another, shall be in accordance with the provisions of this code for new installations and completely tested as prescribed elsewhere in this section for new work, except that walls or floors need not be removed during such test where other equivalent means of inspection acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction are provided Appendices. The provisions in the appendices are intended to supplement the requirements of this code and shall not be considered part of this code unless formally adopted as such. 13. Duties and Powers of the Authority Having Jurisdiction General. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be the authority duly appointed to enforce this code. For such purposes, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the powers of a law enforcement officer. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the power to render interpretations of 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 1

190 ADMINISTRATION this code and to adopt and enforce rules and regulations supplemental to this code as deemed necessary in order to clarify the application of the provisions of this code. Such interpretations, rules, and regulations shall comply with the intent and purpose of this code. In accordance with the prescribed procedures and with the approval of the appointing authority, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to appoint such number of technical officers, inspectors, and other employees as shall be authorized from time to time. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to deputize such inspectors or employees as necessary to carry out the functions of the code enforcement agency Liability. The Authority Having Jurisdiction charged with the enforcement of this code, acting in good faith and without malice in the discharge of the Authority Having Jurisdiction s duties, shall not thereby be rendered personally liable for damage that accrues to persons or property as a result of an act or by reason of an act or omission in the discharge of duties. A suit brought against the Authority Having Jurisdiction or employee because of such act or omission performed in the enforcement of provisions of this code shall be defended by legal counsel provided by this jurisdiction until final termination of such proceedings Applications and Permits. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require the submission of plans, specifications, drawings, and such other information as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, prior to the commencement of, and at a time during the progress of, work regulated by this code. The issuance of a permit upon plans and specifications shall not prevent the Authority Having Jurisdiction from thereafter requiring the correction of errors in said plans and specifications or from preventing construction operations being carried on thereunder where in violation of this code or of other pertinent ordinance or from revoking a certificate of approval where issued in error Licensing. Provision for licensing shall be determined by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Right of Entry. Where it is necessary to make an inspection to enforce the provisions of this code, or where the Authority Having Jurisdiction has reasonable cause to believe that there exists in a building or upon premises a condition or violation of this code that makes the swimming pool, spa, or hot tub unsafe, insanitary, dangerous, or hazardous, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to enter the building or premises at reasonable times to inspect or to perform the duties imposed upon the Authority Having Jurisdiction by this code, provided that where such building or premises is occupied, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall present credentials to the occupant and request entry. Where such building or premises is unoccupied, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall first make a reasonable effort to locate the owner or other person having charge or control of the building or premises and request entry. Where entry is refused, the Authority Having Jurisdiction has recourse to every remedy provided by law to secure entry. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have first obtained an inspection warrant or other remedy provided by law to secure entry, no owner, occupant, or person having charge, care, or control of a building or premises shall fail or neglect, after a request is made as herein provided, to promptly permit entry therein by the Authority Having Jurisdiction for the purpose of inspection and examination pursuant to this code. 14. Permits Permits Required. It shall be unlawful for a person, firm, or corporation to erect, construct, enlarge, move, improve, remove, convert, demolish, equip, make an installation, alteration, repair, replace, or remodel swimming pool, spa or hot tub, or drainage piping work; swimming pool equipment, appurtenances, and other associated components; or treating equipment regulated by this code except as permitted in Section 14.2, or to cause the same to be done without first obtaining a separate permit for each separate building, structure or swimming pool, spa, or hot tub Exempt Work. A permit shall not be required for the following: (1) The stopping of leaks in drains, soil, waste, or vent pipe, provided, however, that a trap, drainpipe, soil, waste, or vent pipe become defective and it becomes necessary to remove and replace the same with new material, the same shall be considered as new work and a permit shall be procured and inspection made as provided in this code. (2) The clearing of stoppages, or the repairing of leaks in pipes, valves, or fixtures, provided such repairs do not involve or require the replacement or rearrangement of valves, pipes, or fixtures. Exemption from the permit requirements of this code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for work to be done in violation of the provisions of the code or other laws or ordinances of this jurisdiction Application for Permit. To obtain a permit, the applicant shall first file an application therefore in writing on a form furnished by the Authority Having Jurisdiction for that purpose. Such application shall: (1) Identify and describe the work to be covered by the permit for which application is made. (2) Describe the land upon which the proposed work is to be done by legal description, street address, or similar description that will readily identify and definitely locate the proposed building or work and in accordance with Section (3) Indicate the use or occupancy for which the proposed work is intended. (4) Be accompanied by plans, diagrams, computations, and other data in accordance with Section (5) Be signed by the permittee or the permittee s authorized agent. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require evidence to indicate such authority. (6) Give such other data and information in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

191 ADMINISTRATION Plans and Specifications. Plans, engineering calculations, diagrams, and other data shall be submitted in one or more sets with each application for a permit. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require plans, computations, and specifications to be prepared by, and the plumbing designed by, an engineer, an architect, or both who shall be licensed by the state to practice as such a registered design professional. Plans and specifications for indoor installations of public or private swimming pool, spa, hot tub, bathing, aquatic play, or wading facilities shall be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction for approval prior to commencement of work, piping, equipment, or combination thereof. Construction shall be equal to the types prescribed in the installation requirements of the plumbing code. Exception: The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to waive the submission of plans, calculations, or other data where the Authority Having Jurisdiction finds that the nature of the work applied for is such that reviewing of plans is not necessary to obtain compliance within the code Plan Review Fees. Where a plan or other data is required to be submitted by in accordance with Section , a plan review fee shall be paid at the time of submitting plans and specifications for review. The plan review fees for work to install, alter, or repair a swimming pool, spa, hot tub system, or part thereof shall be determined and adopted by this jurisdiction. The plan review fees specified in this subsection are separate fees from the permit fees specified in Section Where plans are incomplete or changed so as to require additional review, a fee shall be charged at the rate shown in Table Information on Plans and Specifications. Plans and specifications shall be drawn to scale upon substantial paper or cloth and shall indicate the location, nature, and extent of the work proposed and show in detail that it is in accordance with the provisions of this code and relevant laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, and Section through Section The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the option to accept plans and specifications electronically, in lieu of on cloth or paper, in whatever format it shall require Plot Plans. A plot plan shall be provided with the following information: (1) Identify the location of the construction and its relationship to the property line, existing construction, and other improvements made to the property. Installation of a hot tub installed in the interior of a building shall not require a plot plan. (2) The plot plan shall be drawn to scale and shall be noted on the plot plan. (3) Applicable easements, right-of-way, and property lines shall be included Structural Plans. A structural plan shall be provided with the following information: (1) The type of construction, whether gunite, poured concrete, prefabricated, or other. (2) The dimension, including the depth, and adequate cross sections drawn to scale. (3) Computations, stress diagrams, and other data to indicate the location, nature, and extent of the work proposed, including the reinforcing steel schedule and detail Mechanical Plans. A mechanical plan shall be provided with the following information: (1) The volume, system flow rate in gallons per minute, and turnover in hours. (2) The type and size of filtration system and means of waste disposal. (3) The type and size of pool, spa, or hot tub water heating equipment, including the method of venting and provisions for combustion air. (4) The pool, spa, or hot tub piping layout with sizes shown and types of material to be used, including the location of the main outlet, surface skimmers, and inlets. (5) The rated capacity of the pool pump in gpm (L/s) at the design head with the size and type of motor indicated and identified as to type of pump. (6) The means of supplying makeup water. (7) The size, length from source to water heating equipment, and routing of the gas line, where applicable. (8) Plans for public swimming pool, spa, hot tub, bathing, aquatic play, or wading facilities shall be submitted for approval by the Health Officer before a water supply or waste discharge permit is issued Permit Issuance. The application, plans, specifications, and other data filed by an applicant for a permit shall be reviewed by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Such plans shall be permitted to be reviewed by other departments of this jurisdiction to verify compliance with applicable laws under their jurisdiction. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction finds that the work described in an application for permit and the plans, specifications, and other data filed therewith are in accordance with the requirements of the code and other pertinent laws and ordinances, and that the fees specified in Section 14.5 have been paid, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall issue a permit therefore to the applicant Approved Plans or Construction Documents. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction issues the permit where plans are required, the Authority Hav- 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 3

192 ADMINISTRATION ing Jurisdiction shall endorse in writing or stamp the plans and specifications APPROVED. Such approved plans and specifications shall not be changed, modified, or altered without authorization from the Authority Having Jurisdiction, and the work shall be done in accordance with approved plans. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to issue a permit for the construction of a part of a plumbing system before the entire plans and specifications for the whole system have been submitted or approved, provided adequate information and detailed statements have been filed in accordance with the pertinent requirements of this code. The holder of such permit shall be permitted to proceed at the holder s risk without assurance that the permit for the entire building, structure, or plumbing system will be granted Validity of Permit. The issuance of a permit or approval of plans and specifications shall not be construed to be a permit for, or an approval of, a violation of the provisions of this code or other ordinance of the jurisdiction. No permit presuming to give authority to violate or cancel the provisions of this code shall be valid. The issuance of a permit based upon plans, specifications, or other data shall not prevent the Authority Having Jurisdiction from thereafter requiring the correction of errors in said plans, specifications, and other data or from preventing building operations being carried on thereunder where in violation of this code or of other ordinances of this jurisdiction Expiration. A permit issued by the Authority Having Jurisdiction under the provisions of this code shall expire by limitation and become null and void where the work authorized by such permit is not commenced within 18 days from the date of such permit, or where the work authorized by such permit is suspended or abandoned at a time after the work is commenced for a period of 18 days. Before such work is recommenced, a new permit shall first be obtained to do so, and the fee therefore shall be one-half the amount required for a new permit for such work, provided no changes have been made or will be made in the original plans and specifications for such work, and provided further that such suspensions or abandonment has not exceeded 1 year Extensions. A permittee holding an unexpired permit shall be permitted to apply for an extension of the time within which work shall be permitted to commence under that permit where the permittee is unable to commence work within the time required by this section. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to extend the time for action by the permittee for a period not exceeding 18 days upon written request by the permittee showing that circumstances beyond the control of the permittee have prevented action from being taken. No permit shall be extended more than once. In order to renew action on a permit after expiration, the permittee shall pay a new full permit fee Suspension or Revocation. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to, in writing, suspend or revoke a permit issued under the provisions of this code where the permit is issued in error or on the basis of incorrect information supplied or in violation of an ordinance or regulation of the jurisdiction Retention of Plans. One set of approved plans, specifications, and computations shall be retained by the Authority Having Jurisdiction until final approval of the work covered therein. One set of approved plans, and specifications, computations, and manufacturer s installation instructions shall be returned to the applicant, and said set shall be kept on the site of the building or work at times during which the work authorized thereby is in progress Fees. Fees shall be assessed in accordance with the provisions of this section and as set forth in the fee schedule Table The fees are to be determined and adopted by this jurisdiction Work Commencing Before Permit Issuance. Where work for which a permit is required by this code has been commenced without first obtaining said permit, a special investigation shall be made before a permit shall be is issued for such work Investigation Fees. An investigation fee, in addition to the permit fee, shall be collected whether or not a permit is then or subsequently issued. The investigation fee shall be equal to the amount of the permit fee that is required by this code if a permit were to be issued. The payment of such investigation fee shall not exempt a person from compliance with other provisions of this code, nor from a penalty prescribed by law Fee Refunds. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to authorize the refunding of a fee as follows: (1) The amount paid hereunder that was erroneously paid or collected. (2) Refunding of not more than a percentage, as determined by this jurisdiction where no work has been done under a permit issued in accordance with this code. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall not authorize the refunding of a fee paid except upon written application filed by the original permittee not to exceed 18 days after the date of fee payment. 15. Inspections and Testing General. Structures, materials, equipment, appurtenances, swimming pool, spa, and hot tub systems, and other associated components for which a permit is required by this code shall be inspected by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. No portion of structural components, equipment, swimming pool, spa, and hot tub systems, appurtenances, and other associated components, or portion thereof, shall be covered, UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

193 ADMINISTRATION concealed, or put into use until inspected and approved as prescribed in this code. Neither the Authority Having Jurisdiction nor the jurisdiction shall be liable for expense entailed in the removal or replacement of material required to permit inspection. Swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs regulated by this code shall not be connected to the water, the energy fuel supply, or the sewer system until authorized by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Required Inspection. Structures, materials, equipment, appurtenances, new plumbing work, and other associated components and such portions of existing systems as affected by new work, or changes, shall be inspected by the Authority Having Jurisdiction to ensure compliance with the requirements of this code and to ensure that the installation and construction of the structural components, equipment, plumbing system, appurtenances, and other associated components are in accordance with approved plans. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall make the following inspections and other such inspections as necessary. The permittee or the permittee s authorized agent shall be responsible for the scheduling of such inspections as follows: (1) Underground inspection shall be made after trenches or ditches are excavated and bedded, piping installed, and before backfill is put in place. (2) Rough-in inspection shall be made prior to the installation of wall or ceiling membranes. (3) Final inspection shall be made upon completion of the installation Uncovering. Where a drainage or plumbing system, building sewer, private sewage disposal system, or part thereof, which is installed, altered, or repaired, is covered or concealed before being inspected, tested, and approved as prescribed in this code, it shall be uncovered for inspection after notice to uncover the work has been issued to the responsible person by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The requirements of this section shall not be considered to prohibit the operation of plumbing installed to replace existing equipment or fixtures serving an occupied portion of the building in the event a request for inspection of such equipment or fixture has been filed with the Authority Having Jurisdiction not more than 72 hours after such replacement work is completed, and before a portion of such plumbing system is concealed by a permanent portion of the building Other Inspections. In addition to the inspections required by this code, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require other inspections of plumbing work to ascertain compliance with the provisions of this code and other laws that are enforced by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Inspection Requests. It shall be the duty of the person doing the work authorized by a permit to notify the Authority Having Jurisdiction that such work is ready for inspection. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to require that a request for inspection be filed not less than 1 working day before such inspection is desired. Such request shall be permitted to be made in writing or by telephone, at the option of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. It shall be the duty of the person requesting inspections in accordance with this code to provide access to and means for inspection of such work Advance Notice. It shall be the duty of the person doing the work authorized by the permit to notify the Authority Having Jurisdiction, orally or in writing, that said work is ready for inspection. Such notification shall be given not less than 24 hours before the work is to be inspected Responsibility. It shall be the duty of the holder of a permit to make sure that the work will stand the test prescribed before giving the notification. The equipment, material, and labor necessary for inspection or tests shall be furnished by the person to whom the permit is issued or by whom inspection is requested Reinspections. A reinspection fee shall be permitted to be assessed for each inspection or reinspection where such portion of work for which inspection is called is not complete or where required corrections have not been made. This provision is shall not to be interpreted as requiring reinspection fees the first time a job is rejected for failure to be in accordance with the requirements of this code, but as controlling the practice of calling for inspections before the job is ready for inspection or reinspection. Reinspection fees shall be permitted to be assessed where the approved plans are not readily available to the inspector, for failure to provide access on the date for which the inspection is requested, or for deviating from plans requiring the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. To obtain reinspection, the applicant shall file an application therefore in writing upon a form furnished for that purpose and pay the reinspection fee in accordance with Table In instances where reinspection fees have been assessed, no additional inspection of the work will be performed until the required fees have been paid Testing of Systems. Swimming pool, spa, and hot tub systems shall be tested and approved in accordance with this code or the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Tests shall be conducted in the presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction or the Authority Having Jurisdiction s duly appointed representative. No test or inspection shall be required where a plumbing system, or part thereof, is set up for exhibition purposes and has no connection with a water or drainage system. In cases where it would be impractical to provide the required water or air tests, or for minor installations and repairs, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to make such inspection as deemed advisable in order to be assured that the work has been performed in accordance with the intent of this code. Joints and connections in the plumbing system shall be gastight and watertight for the pressures required by the test. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 5

194 ADMINISTRATION Defective Systems. An air test shall be used in testing the sanitary condition of the drainage or plumbing system of building premises where there is reason to believe that it has become defective. In buildings or premises condemned by the Authority Having Jurisdiction because of an insanitary condition of the plumbing system or part thereof, the alterations in such system shall be in accordance with the requirements of this code Retesting. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction finds that the work will not pass the test, necessary corrections shall be made, and the work shall be resubmitted for test or inspection Approval. Where prescribed tests and inspections indicate that the work is in accordance with this code, a certificate of approval shall be issued by the Authority Having Jurisdiction to the permittee on demand Connection to Service Utilities. No person shall make connections from a source of energy or fuel to a structure, material, equipment, appurtenance, plumbing system, and other associated components regulated by this code and for which a permit is required until approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. No person shall make connection from a water-supply line nor shall connect to a sewer system regulated by this code and for which a permit is required until approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to authorize temporary connection of the plumbing equipment to the source of energy or fuel for the purpose of testing the equipment. 16. Violations and Penalties General. It shall be unlawful for a person, firm, or corporation to erect, construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, improve, remove, convert, demolish, equip, use, or maintain a swimming pool, spa, and hot tub system, materials, equipment, appurtenances, and other associated components or permit the same to be done in violation of this code Notice of Correction or Violation. Notices of correction or violation shall be written by the Authority Having Jurisdiction and shall be permitted to be posted at the site of the work, mailed, or delivered to the permittee or his their authorized representative. Refusal, failure, or neglect to comply with such notice or order within 1 days of receipt thereof, shall be considered a violation of this code and shall be subject to the penalties set forth by the governing laws of the jurisdiction Penalties. A person, firm, or corporation violating a provision of this code shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punishable by a fine, imprisonment, or both set forth by the governing laws of the jurisdiction. Each separate day or portion thereof, during which a violation of this code occurs or continues, shall be deemed to constitute a separate offense Stop Orders. Where work is being done contrary to the provisions of this code, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be permitted to order the work stopped by notice in writing served on persons engaged in the doing or causing work to be done, and such persons shall forthwith stop work until authorized by the Authority Having Jurisdiction to proceed with the work Authority to Disconnect Utilities in Emergencies. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to disconnect a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system and other utilities serving a building, structure, or equipment regulated by this code in case of emergency where necessary to eliminate an immediate hazard to life or property Authority to Condemn. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction ascertains that swimming pool, spa, or hot tub systems, materials, equipment, appurtenances, and other associated components or portion thereof, regulated by this code, has become hazardous to life, health, or property, or has become insanitary, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall order in writing that such swimming pool, spa, or hot tub systems, materials, equipment, appurtenances, and other associated components or portion thereof, either be removed or placed in a safe or sanitary condition. The order shall fix a reasonable time limit for compliance. No person shall use or maintain a defective swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system, materials, equipment, appurtenances, and other associated components or portion thereof, after receiving such notice. Where such swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system is to be disconnected, written notice shall be given. In cases of immediate danger to life or property, such disconnection shall be permitted to be made immediately without such notice. 17. Board of Appeals General. In order to hear and decide appeals of orders, decisions, or determinations made by the Authority Having Jurisdiction relative to the application and interpretations of this code, there shall be and is hereby created a Board of Appeals consisting of members who are qualified by experience and training to pass upon matters pertaining to swimming pool, spa, and hot tub design, construction, and maintenance and the public health aspects of such systems and who are not employees of the jurisdiction. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be an ex-officio member and shall act as secretary to said board but shall have no vote upon a matter before the board. The Board of Appeals shall be appointed by the governing body and shall hold office at its pleasure. The board shall adopt rules of procedure for conducting its business and shall render decisions and findings in writing to the appellant with a duplicate copy to the Authority Having Jurisdiction Limitations of Authority. The Board of Appeals shall have no authority relative to interpretation of the administrative provisions of this code, nor shall the board be empowered to waive requirements of this code UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

195 ADMINISTRATION TABLE 14.5 SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB PERMIT FEES Permit Issuance 1. For issuing each permit...* 2. For issuing each supplemental permit...* Unit Fee Schedule (in addition to Items 1 and 2 above) 1. For each swimming pool, spa, or hot tub: Public...* Private...* 2. For each pool filling system including backflow protection:...* Two inches (5 mm) in diameter and smaller...* Over 2 inches (5 mm) diameter...* 3. For each water heating equipment, vent, or both...* 4. For each gas piping system of one to five outlets...* 5. For each additional gas piping system outlet, per outlet...* 6. For each replacing of filter, water treating equipment, or both...* 7. For each installation, alteration, or repair of water piping...* 8. For each repair or alteration of drainage or vent piping...* 9. For atmospheric-type vacuum breakers not referenced in Item 2: 1 to 5...* over 5, each...* 1. For each backflow protective device other than atmospheric-type vacuum breakers not included in Item 2: Two inches (5 mm) diameter and smaller...* Over 2 inches (5 mm) diameter...* 11. For each repair or alteration of a backwash receptor...* 12. For each miscellaneous repair or alteration not covered in Items 1 through 11...* Other Inspections and Fees 1. Inspections outside of normal business hours...* 2. Reinspection fee...* 3. Inspections for which no fee is specifically indicated...* 4. Additional plan review required by changes, additions, or revisions to approved plans (minimum charge 1 2 hour)...* For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm * Jurisdiction will indicate their fees here. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 7

196 8 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

197 CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS 21. General Applicability. For the purpose of this code, the following terms have the meanings indicated in this chapter. No attempt is made to define ordinary words, which are used in accordance with their established dictionary meanings, except where a word has been used loosely and it is necessary to define its meaning as used in this code to avoid misunderstanding. 22. Definition of Terms General. The definitions of terms are arranged alphabetically according to the first word of the term. 23. A Abrasion Hazard. A sharp or rough surface that may cause injury under normal use. ABS. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. Accepted Engineering Practice. That which conforms to technical or scientific-based principles, tests, or standards that are accepted by the engineering profession. Accessible. Where applied to a fixture, connection, appliance, or equipment, accessible means having access thereto, but which first may require the removal of an access panel, door, or similar obstruction. Accessible, Readily. Having a direct access without the necessity of removing a panel, door, or similar obstruction. A 2.1 Acid. A chemical that lowers ph by increasing the percentage of hydrogen ions (H + ) in the solution. An acid is the opposite of a base. Acid Wash. A procedure using an acid solution to clean or prepare the interior surface of a pool with subsequent neutralization of the acid. Acrylic. A thermoplastic material which can be extruded, injection molded, or vacuum formed into usable shapes and surfaces. Air Blower. An air blower, otherwise known as a bubbler or an air pump, introduces air into the spa through a series of injectors. Air Channel. A system where air is introduced by an airblower to force air into a molded channel in the spa floor, seats or other location. Air Switch System. A device in which compressed air travels through tubing to engage remotely located electrical equipment. Airbreak. A physical separation which may be a low inlet into the indirect waste receptor from the fixture, appliance, or device indirectly connected. Airgap, Drainage. The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from a pipe, plumbing fixture, appliance, or appurtenance conveying waste to the flood-level rim of the receptor. Airgap, Water Distribution. The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from a pipe or faucet conveying potable water to the flood-level rim of a tank, vat, or fixture. Algistat. A chemical able to inhibit the growth of algae. A 2.1 Alkaline. A chemical having a ph between 7 and 14. Amphoteric. A chemical compound having the capacity to act as both an acid and a base depending on their environment. Ancillary Facility. Area used in conjunction with a pool, spa or hot tub such as dressing rooms, locker and shower area, bathroom area, equipment area, pool deck area or building space intended to be served by pool, spa or hot tub users. Appliance. A device that utilizes an energy source to produce light, heat, power, refrigeration, or air conditioning. Appliance Fuel Connector. An assembly of listed semirigid or flexible tubing and fittings to carry fuel between a fuel piping outlet and a fuel-burning appliance. Approved. Acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Approved Testing Agency. An organization primarily established for the purpose of testing to approved standards and approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Aquatic Facility. A public facility that contains one or more aquatic venues and support infrastructure under a single management structure. Aquatic Venue. An artificially constructed or modified natural structure where the general public is exposed to water intended for recreational or therapeutic purposes. Area Drain. A receptor designed to collect surface or storm water from an open area. Authority Having Jurisdiction. The organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, installations, or procedures. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or an individual such as a plumbing official, mechanical official, labor department official, health department official, building official, or others having statutory authority. In the absence of a statutory authority, the Authority Having Jurisdiction may be some other responsible party. This definition shall include the Authority Having Jurisdiction s duly authorized representative. Automatic External Defibrillator (AED). A Class II medical device used under the supervision of a medical doctor to analyze heart rhythms, and detect ventricular fibrillations and ventricular tachycardia, that delivers three stacked shocks to a victim to restore proper heart function. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 9

198 DEFINITIONS 24. B Backboard. A piece of rescue equipment that is constructed of coated marine plywood, lightweight plastic with a foam core, or aluminum. The board is not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) in length and not less than 18 inches (457 mm) in width. Holes are generally spaced every 3 inches (76 mm) along the length of the board, on both sides, in order to provide handholds and a place to secure restraining straps. Runners are attached to the bottom of the board to make sliding a victim out of a pool easier on the rescuers. Backflow. The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures, or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from sources other than its intended source. See Back Siphonage, Back Pressure Backflow. Backflow Connection. An arrangement whereby backflow can occur. Backflow Preventer. A backflow prevention device, an assembly, or other method to prevent backflow into the potable water system. Back Pressure Backflow. Backflow due to an increased pressure above the supply pressure, which may be due to pumps, boilers, gravity, or other sources of pressure. Back Siphonage. The flowing back of used, contaminated, or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a pressure less than atmospheric in such pipe. See Backflow. Backwash. The process of cleansing the filter medium, elements, or both by the reverse flow of water through the filter. Backwash Cycle. The time required to backwash the filter medium, elements, or both and to remove debris in the filter vessel. Backwash Pipe. See Filter Waste Discharge Piping. Barrier. A fence, wall, building wall, or combination thereof which completely surrounds, and obstructs access to, a swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or combination thereof. A 2.1 Base. A chemical that raises ph by increasing the percentage of hydroxyl ions (OH - ) in the solution. A base is the opposite of an acid. Bather Load. The number of permitted bathers in a public pool, spa, or hot tub at a specific period of time. Beginner s Area. An area or portion of a pool with a water depth of 36 inches (914 mm) or less. Body Feed. The continuous addition of small amounts of filter aid during the operation of a diatomaceous earth filter. Bonding Jumper. A reliable conductor to ensure the required electrical conductivity between metal parts required to be electrically connected. [NFPA 7:1.1] Break In Grade. Transition point where the bottom of the pool surface changes in slope. A 2.1 Bromine. A halogen, used in combination with chlorine to form a chemical compound [(bromochloro-dimethlhydantoin (BCDMH), dichloro-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH), or dichloro-ethylmethylhydantoin (DCEMH); or as bromine alone bound to an organic carrier molecule: dibromodimethylhydantoin (DBDMH)]. The chemical compound is usually sold in tablet form and used as an alternative disinfectant to chlorine in swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs. Building Drain. That part of the lowest piping of a drainage system that receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes inside the walls of the building and conveys it to the building sewer beginning 2 feet (61 mm) outside the building wall. Building Drain (Sanitary). A building drain that conveys sewage only. Building Drain (Storm). A building drain that conveys storm water or other drainage, but no sewage. Building Sewer. That part of the horizontal piping of a drainage system that extends from the end of the building drain and that receives the discharge of the building drain and conveys it to a public sewer, private sewer, private sewage disposal system, or other point of disposal. 25. C Caissons. A structure located within a wave pool, typically at the deepest portion, where wave generation is mechanically produced. A 2.1 Calcium Hardness. A measure of dissolved calcium compounds and mineral content of water. It is measured as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). Cartridge Filter. A filter that operates through a disposable cartridge. There are two general types: (1) The surface or area type where the suspended matter is removed at the surface; and (2) The depth type in which the interstices vary from large to small in depth. Catch Pool. A designated area of the pool located at the terminus point of an open or closed flume, vanishing edge pool, or similar structure. Cavitation. The formation of partial vacuums causing air bubbles where the pump capacity exceeds water replacement supply. Certified Backflow Assembly Tester. A person who has shown competence to test and maintain backflow assemblies to the satisfaction of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Chemical Piping. Piping that conveys concentrated chemical solutions from a feeding apparatus to the circulation piping. Chimney. A vertical shaft enclosing one or more flues for conveying flue gases to the outside atmosphere. Chimney, Factory-Built. A chimney composed of listed factory-built components assembled in accordance with the terms of listing to form the completed chimney. [NFPA 54: ] Chimney, Masonry. A field-constructed chimney of solid masonry units, bricks, stones, listed masonry chimney units, or reinforced portland cement concrete, lined with suitable chimney flue liners. [NFPA 54: ] Chimney, Metal. A chimney constructed of metal with a minimum thickness not less than.127 inch (3.23 mm) (No. 1 manufacturer s standard gauge) steel sheet UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

199 DEFINITIONS Chimney Connector. The pipe that connects a fuel-burning appliance to a chimney. Chlorinator. A device used to add or deliver a chlorine sanitizer at a controllable rate. Circulation Piping System. The piping between a pool, spa, or hot tub structure and the mechanical equipment which usually includes suction piping, face piping, and return piping. Clarifier. A chemical compound used to collect or clump together suspended particles so they may be removed by vacuuming or filtration. Combination Temperature and Pressure-Relief Valve. A relief valve that actuates when a set temperature, pressure, or both is reached. Also known as a T&P Valve. Combustible Material. As pertaining to materials adjacent to or in contact with heat-producing appliances, vent connectors, gas vents, chimneys, steam and hot water pipes, and warm air ducts, materials made of or surfaced with wood, compressed paper, plant fibers, or other materials that are capable of being ignited and burned. Such material shall be considered combustible even though flame-proofed, fireretardant treated, or plastered. [NFPA 54: ] A 2.1 Combined Chlorine (Chloramines). The incomplete oxidation of organic or inorganic contaminants that form where chlorine combines with ammonia and other bather waste and nitrogen-containing organic products in the water. Condensate. A liquid obtained from condensation of a gas or vapor. Confined Space. A room or space having a volume less than 5 cubic feet per 1 British thermal units per hour (Btu/h) (4.83 m 3 /kw) of the aggregate input rating of all fuelburning appliances installed in that space. Coping. The cap on the swimming pool, spa, and hot tub wall that provides a finishing edge around the swimming pool, spa, and hot tub. Can be formed, cast in place, precast, brick, stone, ceramic tile, or pre-fabricated from metal or plastic materials. It may be used as part of the system that secures a vinyl liner to the top of the swimming pool, spa, and hot tub wall. Cove. The radius that joins the floor and wall of a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub. CPVC. Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride). Critical Level. The critical level (C-L or C/L) marking on a backflow prevention device or vacuum breaker is a point conforming to approved standards and established by the testing laboratory (usually stamped on the device by the manufacturer) that determines the minimum elevation above the flood-level rim of the fixture or receptor served at which the device may be installed. Where a backflow prevention device does not bear a critical level marking, the bottom of the vacuum breaker, combination valve, or the bottom of such approved device shall constitute the critical level. Cross-Connection. A connection or arrangement, physical or otherwise, between a potable water supply system and a plumbing fixture or tank, receptor, equipment, or device, through which it may be possible for nonpotable, used, unclean, polluted and contaminated water, or other substances to enter into a part of such potable water system under any condition. A 2.1 Cyanuric Acid. A chemical (C 3 N 3 O 3 H 3 ) that is added to pool, spa, or hot tub water directly, or to chlorine compounds (to form isocyanurates), in order to reduce the loss of chlorine into the air from exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. Cyanuric acid is known as a stabilizer or a conditioner. Cyanuric acid significantly slows down chlorine s ability to inactivate pathogenic organisms. 26. D Deep Area. Water depth areas exceeding 5 feet (1524 mm). Department Having Jurisdiction. The Authority Having Jurisdiction, including any other law enforcement agency affected by a provision of this code, whether such agency is specifically named or not. Design Flood Elevation. The elevation of the design flood, including wave height, relative to the datum specified on the community s legally designated flood hazard map. In areas designated as Zone AO, the design flood elevation is the elevation of the highest existing grade of the building s perimeter plus the depth number (in feet) specified on the flood hazard map. In areas designated as Zone AO where a depth number is not specified on the map, the depth number is taken as being equal to 2 feet (61 mm). Design Head. The total head requirement of the circulation system at the design rate of flow. Design Rate of Flow (Design Filter Rate). The rate of flow in a system that is used for design calculation. (The volume of the pool, spa, or hot tub in gallons divided by the number of minutes in the turnover time.) Developed Length. The length along the center line of a pipe and fittings. Diameter. Unless specifically stated, diameter is the nominal diameter as designated commercially. Diatomite Filter. A filter designed to filter water through a thin layer of filter aid such as diatomaceous earth or volcanic ash. Diatomite filters may be of the pressure or vacuum type. Direct-Vent Appliances. Appliances that are constructed and installed so that air for combustion is derived directly from the outdoors and flue gases are discharged to the outdoors. [NFPA 54: ] A 2.1 Disinfectant. A sanitizer or chemical used in the process of disinfection. A 2.1 Disinfection. The process of killing pathogenic micro-organisms. Diving Area. The area of a swimming pool that is designed to be used for diving. Diving Board. A flexible board secured at one end used for diving. Diving Platform. Stationary platform designed for diving. Diving Stand. A supporting device for a springboard or diving board. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 11

200 DEFINITIONS Drain. A pipe that carries waste or water-borne wastes in a building drainage system. Drainage System. Includes all the piping within public or private premises that conveys sewage or other liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal, but does not include the mains of a public sewer system or a public sewage treatment or disposal plant. 27. E Effective Ground-Fault Current Path. An intentionally constructed, low impedance electrically conductive path designed and intended to carry current underground-fault conditions from the point of a ground fault on a wiring system to the electrical supply source and that facilitates the operation of the overcurrent protective device or ground-fault detectors on high-impedance grounded systems. [NFPA 54-12:3.3.36] Effective Opening. The minimum cross-sectional area at the point of water supply discharge measured or expressed in terms of: (1) diameter of a circle or (2) where the opening is not circular, the diameter of a circle of equivalent cross-sectional area. (This is applicable also to airgap.) Existing Work. A plumbing system or any part thereof that has been installed prior to the effective date of this code. Extension Pole. A piece of rescue equipment that measures 12 feet (3658 mm) to 16 feet (4877 mm) in length, and not less than inches (32 mm) in diameter. The pole is made of anodized aluminum or fiberglass, and is either fixed or adjustable. The pole is used to extend the rescuer s reach to a struggling, distressed (but not drowning) victim who is pulled to safety. 28. F Filter Aid. A type of finely divided media used to coat a septum-type filter, usually diatomaceous earth or volcanic ash. (Note: Alum, as used on the bed of a sand filter, is also referred to as a filter aid.) Filter Element. That part of a filter that supports the surface upon which the filter aid is deposited (usually in diatomite filters). Filter Media. The finely graded material that entraps suspended particles (sand, anthracite, etc.). Filter Rate. The rate of application of water to a filter expressed in gallons per minute per square foot of effective filter area. Filter Rock. Graded, rounded rock, gravel, or combination thereof not subject to degradation by common pool chemical used to support filter media. Filter, Sand. A type of filter media composed of hard sharp silica, quartz, or similar particles with proper grading for size and uniformity. Filter Waste Discharge Piping. Piping that conducts wastewater from a filter to a drainage system. Connection to drainage system is made through an airgap or other approved methods. Flammable Vapors or Fumes. The concentration of flammable constituents in air that exceeds 25 percent of its lower flammability limit (LFL). Flood Hazard Area. The greater of the following two areas: (1) The area within a floodplain subject to a 1 percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year. (2) The area designated as a flood hazard area on a community s flood hazard map, or otherwise legally designated. Flood Hazard Area Subject to High Velocity Wave Action.Area within the flood hazard area that is subject to high velocity wave action, and shown on a Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard map as Zone V, VO, VE or V1-3. Flood Level. See Flooded. Flood-Level Rim. The top edge of a receptor from which water overflows. Flooded. A fixture is flooded where the liquid therein rises to the flood-level rim. Floodway. The channel of a river, creek, or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that shall be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height. Floodways shall be permitted to be delineated on flood hazard maps. Flue Collar. That portion of an appliance designed for the attachment of a draft hood, vent connector, or venting system. [NFPA 54:3.3.46] A 2.1 Free Chlorine. The part of total chlorine that is present in the water that serves as a disinfectant. Free chlorine, in the form of hypochlorous acid, provides the residual sanitizeroxidizer which is immediately and readily available to destroy bacteria, viruses, protozoa, algae, and other pathogenic (disease causing) organisms entering the water. Fresh Water. Those waters having a specific conductivity less than a solution containing 6 parts per million (ppm) (6 mg/l) of sodium chloride. Fuel Gas. Natural, manufactured, liquefied petroleum, or a mixture of these. Fuel Gas Quick-Disconnect Device. A hand-operated device that provides a means for connecting and disconnecting an appliance or an appliance connector to a gas supply and that is equipped with an automatic means to shut off the gas supply where the device is disconnected. [NFPA 54: ] Fuel Gas Vent. A listed factory-made vent pipe and vent fittings for conveying flue gases to the outdoors. Fuel Gas Venting System. A continuous open passageway from the flue collar or draft hood of an appliance to the outdoors for the purpose of removing flue or vent gases. [NFPA 54: ] 29. G Gas Piping. An installation of pipe, valves, or fittings that is used to convey fuel gas, installed on a premises or in a building, but shall not include: (1) A portion of the service piping. (2) An approved piping connection 6 feet (1829 mm) or less in length between an existing gas outlet and a gas appliance in the same room with the outlet UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

201 DEFINITIONS Gas Piping System. An arrangement of gas piping or regulators after the point of delivery and each arrangement of gas piping serving a building, structure, or premises, whether individually metered or not. Gas Utility. The duly enfranchised public utility supplying the gas from its street mains. Grade. The slope or fall of a line of pipe in reference to a horizontal plane. In drainage, it is usually expressed as the fall in a fraction of an inch (mm) or percentage slope per foot (meter) length of pipe. Grounding Electrode. A device that establishes an electrical connection to the earth. 21. H Handhold. A piece of equipment or appurtenance that is slip-resistant and is intended to be used for an individual to grasp when in distress, steady an individual as they enter or exit, or situates oneself within, a swimming pool, spa, or a hot tub. Head Immobilizer. A piece of rescue equipment used to prevent movement of a victim s head and cervical spine column while secured to a backboard. Such equipment is made of thick foam that includes velcro attachments and straps. High-Rate Sand Filter. A sand filter designed for flows in excess of 5 gallons per minute (gpm) per square foot (.2 m 3 /min/m 2 ), and not in excess of 2 gpm per square foot (.81 m 3 /min/m 2 ). Hot Tub. Refers specifically to a hydrotherapy unit normally constructed of wood designed and assembled in the traditional manner of tubs or casks, with side and bottoms formed of separate boards and the whole shaped to join together by pressure of the surrounding hoops, bands, or rods as distinct from spa units formed of plastic, concrete, metal, or other materials. Hydrojet Booster Pump System. A system whereby one or more hydrojets are activated by the use of a pump that is completely independent of the filtration and heating system of the spa or hot tub. Hydrojets. A fitting that blends air and water creating a high-velocity, turbulent stream of air-enriched water I Indirect Waste Pipe. A pipe that does not connect directly with the drainage system but conveys liquid wastes by discharging into a plumbing fixture, interceptor, or receptacle that is directly connected to the drainage system. Insanitary. A condition that is contrary to sanitary principles or is injurious to health. Conditions to which insanitary shall apply include the following: (1) A trap that does not maintain a proper trap seal. (2) An opening in a drainage system, except where lawful, that is not provided with an approved liquid-sealed trap. (3) A plumbing fixture or other waste discharging receptor or device that is not supplied with water sufficient to flush and maintain the fixture or receptor in a clean condition. (4) A defective fixture, trap, pipe, or fitting. (5) A trap, except where in this code exempted, directly connected to a drainage system, the seal of which is not protected against siphonage and back pressure by a vent pipe. (6) A connection, cross-connection, construction, or condition, temporary or permanent, that would permit or make possible by any means whatsoever for an unapproved foreign matter to enter a water distribution system used for domestic purposes. (7) The foregoing enumeration of conditions to which the term insanitary shall apply, shall not preclude the application of that term to conditions that are, in fact, insanitary J Joint, Brazed. A joint obtained by joining of metal parts with alloys that melt at temperatures exceeding 84 F (449 C), but less than the melting temperature of the parts to be joined. Joint, Compression. A multipiece joint with cup-shaped threaded nuts that, when tightened, compress tapered sleeves so that they form a tight joint on the periphery of the tubing they connect. Joint, Flanged. One made by bolting together a pair of flanged ends. Joint, Flared. A metal-to-metal compression joint in which a conical spread is made on the end of a tube that is compressed by a flare nut against a mating flare. Joint, Mechanical. General form for gastight or liquid-tight joints obtained by the joining of parts through a positive holding mechanical construction. Joint, Soldered. A joint obtained by the joining of metal parts with metallic mixtures or alloys that melt at a temperature up to and including 84 F (449 C). Joint, Welded. A gastight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts in the plastic molten state K No definitions L Labeled. Equipment or materials bearing a label of a listing agency (accredited conformity assessment body). See Listed (third-party certified). A 2.1 Langelier Saturation Index. A formula used to measure water balance or mineral saturation control of pool, spa, or hot tub water. Total alkalinity, calcium hardness, ph, water temperature, and total dissolved solids are measured, given a factor, and calculated to determine whether water has a tendency to be corrosive or scale forming. Lifeguard Chair. A chair that is elevated over the deck of a pool to enable a lifeguard stationed in such a chair to monitor a larger area of a pool than possible from deck level. Such chairs are either stationary or portable; include a shelf or hook 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 13

202 DEFINITIONS for securing rescue equipment; and include a means (e.g. umbrella) to protect a lifeguard from the sun. Liquid Waste. The discharge from a fixture, appliance, or appurtenance in connection with a plumbing system that does not receive fecal matter. Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) Facilities. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) facilities means tanks, containers, container valves, regulating equipment, meters, appurtenances, or any combination thereof for the storage and supply of liquified petroleum gas for a building, structure, or premises. Listed (Third-party certified). Equipment or materials included in a list published by a listing agency (accredited conformity assessment body) that maintains periodic inspection on current production of listed equipment or materials and whose listing states either that the equipment or material complies with approved standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. Listing Agency. An agency accredited by an independent and authoritative conformity assessment body to operate a material and product listing, and labeling (certification) system and that is accepted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, which is in the business of listing or labeling. The system includes initial and ongoing product testing, a periodic inspection on current production of listed (certified) products, and that makes available a published report of such listing in which specific information is included that the material or product is in accordance with applicable standards and found safe for use in a specific manner M Main Outlet. The outlet fitting(s) at the bottom of a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub through which passes water to the recirculating pump (often erroneously referred to as the main drain ). Makeup Water. The addition of potable water to a pool, a spa, or a hot tub to maintain the normal operating water level. May. A permissive term. Multiport Valves. A valve for various filter operations that combines in one unit the function of two or more single direct flow valves N A 2.1 Nitrate. A salt or compound introduced into pool, spa, or hot tub water which increases plant (algae) growth. Nuisance. Includes, but is not limited to: (1) A public nuisance known at common law or in equity jurisprudence. (2) Where work regulated by this code is dangerous to human life or is detrimental to health and property. (3) Inadequate or unsafe water supply or sewage disposal system O Offset. A combination of elbows or bends in a line of piping that brings one section of the pipe out of line but into a line parallel with the other section. A 2.1 Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP). A standard method of measuring a disinfactant s ability to oxidize and sanitize water. It is a qualitative measure of sanitizer-oxidizer effectiveness. ORP takes into consideration all water constituents, including ph, TDS, cyanurates, and organic contaminants. It is a true, qualitative measure of water cleanliness. ORP is sometimes referred to as Redox. A 2.1 Oxidizer. Chemicals or products used to destroy and remove organic and inorganic contaminants in water. A 2.1 Ozone. Activated oxygen (O 3 ). A gaseous disinfectant-oxidant (generated on-site by ultraviolet or corona discharge methods) used in combination with a disinfectant that produces a residual in the water P PE. Polyethylene. PE-AL-PE. Polyethylene-aluminum-polyethylene. PE-RT. Polyethylene of raised temperature. Perimeter Overflow System. A continuous channel formed into the sidewall entirely around the perimeter of the pool, unless interrupted by steps, into which surface pool water is continuously drawn during normal operation to provide a skimming action. Person. A natural person, his heirs, executor, administrators, or assigns and shall also include a firm, corporation, municipal or quasi-municipal corporation, or governmental agency. Singular includes plural; male includes female. PEX. Cross-linked polyethylene. PEX-AL-PEX. Cross-linked polyethylene-aluminum crosslinked polyethylene. A 2.1 ph. The log of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, and a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the water. It is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions in a specific volume of water. A 2.1 PHMB (poly hexamethylene biguanide). A stable, odor-free, non-halogen sanitizer used in conjunction with a specially formulated and compatible clarifier, algaecide, and hydrogen peroxide oxidizer to treat water. The chlorine free liquid works by penetrating bacteria cell walls then bursting the cells from within. A 2.1 Phosphates. Salt of phosphoric acid. Nutrients that help plants grow, and in pools, spas, or hot tubs increases algae growth. Introduced to pool, spa, or hot tub water by source water (from polyphosphates added by municipal drinking water systems to reduce pipe corrosion), fertilizers, dirt and debris, plant matter, bather waste, and specialty chemicals used to inhibit calcium scale formation which contain phosphoric acid. Pipe. A cylindrical conduit or conductor conforming to the particular dimensions commonly known as pipe size. Plumbing. The business, trade, or work having to do with the installation, removal, alteration, or repair of plumbing systems or parts thereof UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

203 DEFINITIONS Plumbing Code. The Uniform Plumbing Code promulgated by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, as adopted by this jurisdiction. Plumbing Official. See Authority Having Jurisdiction. Plumbing System. Includes all potable water, building supply, and distribution pipes; all plumbing fixtures and traps; all drainage and vent pipes; and all building drains and building sewers, including their respective joints and connections, devices, receptors, and appurtenances within the property lines of the premises and shall include potable water piping, potable water treating or using equipment, liquid and fuel gas piping, and water heaters and vents for same. Plumbing Vent. A pipe provided to ventilate a plumbing system, to prevent trap siphonage and back pressure, or to equalize the air pressure within the drainage system. Plumbing Vent System. A pipe or pipes installed to provide a flow of air to or from a drainage system or to provide a circulation of air within such system to protect trap seals from siphonage and back pressure. Pool. See Swimming Pool. Pool Depths. The distance between the floor of the pool and the maximum operating water level. Pool Plumbing. Includes chemical, circulation, filter waste discharge piping, deck drainage, and water filling systems. Potable Water. Water that is satisfactory for drinking, culinary, and domestic purposes and that meets the requirements of the Health Authority Having Jurisdiction. PP. Polypropylene. Precoat. The precoat or initial coating of filter aid on the septum of a diatomaceous earth filter. Pressure. The normal force exerted by a homogeneous liquid or gas, per unit of area, on the wall of the container. Residual Pressure. The pressure available at the fixture or water outlet after allowance is made for pressure drop due to friction loss, head, meter, and other losses in the system during maximum demand periods. Static Pressure. The pressure existing without any flow. Provision for Location of Point of Delivery. The location of the point of delivery shall be acceptable to the serving gas supplier. [NFPA 54:5.2] Purging. The process of introducing outdoor air, and exhausting an equal volume of inside air, to reduce the effects on indoor air quality caused by chloramines and other air contaminants. PVC. Poly (vinyl chloride). PVC Hose. Flexible Poly (vinyl chloride). PVDF. Polyvinylidene Fluoride Q No definitions. 22. R Rapid Sand Filter. A sand filter designed to be used with sand as the filter media and for flows not in excess of to exceed 3 gallons per minute (gpm) per square foot (.12 m 3 /min/m 2 ) in commercial pools and 5 gpm per square foot (.2 m 3 /min/m 2 ) in residential pools. Receptor. An approved plumbing fixture or device of such material, shape, and capacity as to adequately receive the discharge from indirect waste piping, so constructed and located as to be readily cleaned. Recirculation System. The interconnected system traversed by the recirculated water from the pool until it is returned to the pool. Registered Design Professional. An individual who is registered or licensed by the laws of the state to perform such design work in the jurisdiction. Regulating Equipment. Includes valves and controls used in a plumbing system that are required to be accessible or readily accessible. Rescue Tube. A piece of rescue equipment that is made of flexible foam covered with a vinyl skin that is red, yellow, or international orange in color. The tube measures 3 inches (76 mm) to 6 inches (152 mm) in thickness, and 4 inches (116 mm) to 48 inches (1219 mm) in length. A polypropylene line or webbed material towline and nylon shoulder strap are attached to the tube at one end. On some tubes, brass or plastic fittings are attached to the end of the tube opposite the towline so that the tube can be secured around a victim or rescuer, or thrown like a ring buoy. A rescue tube can also be used to retrieve a submerged victim from the bottom of a pool. Return Inlet Fitting. A fitting or fixture through which circulated or hydrojetted water enters the pool, spa, or hot tub. Return Piping. That part of the piping between the filter and the pool, spa, or hot tub through which passes the filtered water. Ring Buoy. A buoyant, donut-shaped piece of rescue equipment that is 18 inches (457 mm) to 36 inches (914 mm) in diameter. The equipment is white or international orange in color, and constructed of foam or other approved material that will not rot or become waterlogged. A floating polypropylene line, 3 8 of an inch (9.5 mm) to 1 2 of an inch (12.7 mm) thick, and of a length not less than the maximum width of the pool shall be attached to the ring buoy. A ring buoy is only effective where thrown at a conscious, distressed victim who is able to hold on to the ring while being pulled a short distance to safety. A 2.1 Ryznar Stability Index. A formula used to determine carbonate equilibrium or water balance. The formula is RSI = 2 x ph s ph (where ph s is saturation ph). Total dissolved solids, ph, calcium ion, bicarbonate, and water temperature are entered into the formula to calculate the scaling and corrosion potential of water S A 2.1 Salinity. The dissolved salt content of pool, spa, or hot tub water. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 15

204 DEFINITIONS Salt (Saline) Water. Those waters having a specific conductivity in excess of a solution containing 6 parts per million (ppm) (6 mg/l) of sodium chloride. SDR. An abbreviation for standard dimensional ratio, which is the specific ratio of the average specified outside diameter to the minimum wall thickness for outside controlled diameter plastic pipe. Seam, Welded. See Joint, Welded. Separation Tank. A device used to clarify filter rinse or wastewater (sometimes called a reclamation tank). Septum. That part of the filter element consisting of cloth, wire screen, or other porous material on which the filter cake is deposited. Service Piping. The piping and equipment between the street gas main and the gas piping system inlet that is installed by, and is under the control and maintenance of the serving gas supplier. Sewage. Liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter in suspension or solution and that may include liquids containing chemicals in solution. Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement. Shepherd s Crook. A blunt or rounded hook added to one end of an extension pole used to grasp a conscious or an unconscious victim floating on or below the surface of the water by wrapping around the victim s upper body, and using an arm over arm motion on the pole to pull the victim to safety. Should. Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required. Skim Filter. A surface skimmer combined with a vacuum filter. Slope. See Grade. Solar Energy Code. For the purpose of this code, a reference to the Solar Energy Code shall mean the Uniform Solar Energy Code as promulgated by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO). Spa. A unit primarily designed for therapeutic use that is not drained, cleaned, or refilled for each individual. It shall be permitted to include, but is not limited to, hydrojet circulation, hot water, cold water, mineral baths, air induction bubbles, or a combination thereof. Industry terminology for spa includes, but is not limited to, therapeutic pool, hydrotherapy pool, whirlpool, hot spa, etc. Spa Pool. A pool, not under medical supervision, that incorporates water jets, aeration system, or both used for hydromassage. Aquatic Playgrounds Spray Ground. An specific area incorporating shallow water used for interactive water play that includes water sprays or other water features of various shapes and sizes. Spray Ground Feature. A device used for the purpose of spraying or dumping water on patrons. Stackless Vents. A factory-supplied venting system that is an integral part of a listed pool heater intended for outdoor installations. Standard. A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word shall to indicate requirements and that is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions shall be located in an appendix, footnote, or fine print note and are not to be considered a part of the requirements of a standard. Suction Outlet. An aperture or fitting through which the water under negative pressure is drawn from the pool, spa, or hot tub. Suction Piping. That portion of the circulation piping located between the pool structure and the inlet side of the pump and that usually includes the following: main outlet piping, skimmer piping, vacuum piping, and surge tank piping. Suctioning Equipment. Rescue equipment that is used to create a partial vacuum and assist in the removal of secretions, mucous, foamy discharge, or regurgitated matter from the mouth, throat, or airway which is interfering with the ventilation of a victim. Supplemental Oxygen Equipment. Rescue equipment that consists of a face mask, BVM (bag valve mask) resuscitator, oxygen reservoir bag, oxygen cylinder with pressure regulator, and flow meter. This equipment is used to provide mechanical ventilation to victims who are suffering from respiratory distress or respiratory arrest. Such equipment eliminates the need to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Surface Skimmer. A device designed to continuously remove surface film, water and return it through the filter as part of the recirculation system, usually incorporating a selfadjusting weir, a collection tank and a means to prevent air lock of the pump (sometimes referred to as a recirculating overflow, or a mechanical or automatic skimmer ). Swimming Pool. A constructed or prefabricated pool used for swimming or bathing, exceeding 18 inches (457 mm) in depth. Swimming Pool (Private). Constructed or fabricated pool that is used as a swimming pool in connection with a singlefamily residence and available only to the family of the householder and their private guests. Swimming Pool (Public). A constructed or prefabricated pool other than a private swimming pool. Swimming Pool Slide. A piece of equipment that is similar in construction to a playground slide that permits a user to slide from an elevated height to a swimming pool T Therapy Pools. A pool of water that is specifically designed for physical therapy or rehabilitation purposes. A 2.1 Total Alkalinity. The sum of all alkaline minerals in the water that is primarily in bicarbonate form, but also as sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium carbonates, and hydroxides. It is a measure of the water s ability to resist changes in ph. A 2.1 Total Bromine. The quantitative sum of the free and combined bromine that is present in the water. A 2.1 Total Chlorine. The quantitative sum of free and combined chlorine that is present in the water UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

205 DEFINITIONS A 2.1 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). A measure (by electrical conductivity) of the amount of soluble matter that is present in the water. A 2.1 Total Hardness. The sum of calcium and magnesium hardness that is present in the water. Transition Gas Riser. A listed or approved section or sections of pipe and fittings used to convey fuel gas and installed in a gas piping system for the purpose of providing a transition from belowground to aboveground. Trap. A fitting device so designed and constructed as to provide, where properly vented, a liquid seal that will prevent the back passage of air without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it. Trap Seal. The vertical distance between the crown weir and the top dip of the trap. Crown Weir (Trap Weir). The lowest point in the cross-section of the horizontal waterway at the exit of the trap. Top Dip (of trap). The highest point in the internal cross-section of the trap at the lowest part of the bend (inverted siphon). By contrast, the bottom dip is the lowest point in the internal cross-section. Turbidity. A measure of the clarity of a clear liquid such as water. It is measured in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTUs). Turbidity Meter. A device used to measure water clarity or turbidity. Turnover Time. The time in hours and minutes required for the circulation system to filter and recirculate a volume of water equal to the pool aquatic venue volume. Type B Gas Vent. A factory-made gas vent listed by nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or approved appliances equipped to burn only gas. Type BW Gas Vent. A factory-made gas vent listed by a nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or approved gas-fired vented wall furnaces. Type L Gas Vent. A venting system consisting of listed vent piping and fittings for use with oil-burning appliances listed for use with Type L or with listed gas appliances U Unconfined Space. A room or space having a volume equal to not less than 5 cubic feet per 1 Btu/h (4.83 m 3 /kw) of the aggregate input rating of all fuel-burning appliances installed in that space. Rooms communicating directly with the space in which the appliances are installed, through openings not furnished with doors, are considered a part of the unconfined space. A 2.1 Ultraviolet Light. Light that is located on the electromagnetic spectrum between visible light and X-rays. Ultraviolet light is emitted by the sun or created artificially by a light bulb and is used in pool, spa, or hot tub water as a disinfectant to inactivate pathogenic organisms and destroy chloramines. Also used as a method of producing ozone. Underwater Ledge. A continuous step that is recessed or protrudes from a pool wall, and allows a swimmer to rest while standing without treading water. Also known as a toe ledge V Vacuum. A pressure less than that exerted by the atmosphere. Vacuum Breaker. See Backflow Preventer. Vacuum Piping. The pipe from the suction side of a pump connected to a vacuum fitting located at the pool and below the water level to which underwater cleaning equipment shall be permitted to be attached. Valve, Pressure-Relief. A pressure-actuated valve held closed by a spring or other means and designed to automatically relieve pressure in excess of its setting. Velocity. The measurement of the motion of liquids, expressed in feet per second. Vent Collar. The outlet opening of an appliance provided for connection of the vent system. Vent Connector. That portion of a gas venting system that connects a listed gas appliance to a gas vent and is installed within the space or area in which the appliance is located. Vent Pipe. See Plumbing Vent. Vent Stack. The vertical vent pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to and from a part of the drainage system. Vertical Pipe. A pipe or fitting that is installed in a vertical position or that makes an angle of not more than 45 degrees (.79 rad) with the vertical W Wading Pool. A constructed or prefabricated pool used for wading that is 18 inches (457 mm) or less in depth. Waste Pipe. A pipe that conveys only liquid waste, free of fecal matter. Waste Piping. See Filter Waste Discharge Piping. Wastewater. The water from a filter, perimeter overflow, pool emptying line, or similar apparatus or appurtenance. Water Clarity. Clearness or lack of cloudiness in the water. Measured by the distance through the water at which an object can be seen or by using a device such as a turbidity meter. Water Conditioning or Treating Device. A device that conditions or treats a water supply so as to change its chemical content or remove suspended solids by filtration. Water Heating Equipment. Equipment for supplying hot water for swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs. Water Slide. A public attraction that enables users to slide from an elevated height to a slide run-out or catch pool that may include the use of flumes. Action Wave Pool. A wave pool in which standing waves are generated in an assortment of patterns. Width and/or Length. The actual water dimension taken from wall to wall at the maximum operating water level. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 17

206 DEFINITIONS 226. X No definitions Y No definitions Z Zero-Depth Entry. An entry that starts at deck level and ends at the bottom of the aquatic venue. Also known as a beach entry or sloped entry UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

207 CHAPTER 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 31. General Applicability. This chapter shall govern general and piping material requirements for swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs Swimming Pools in Flood Hazard Areas. Where located in flood hazard areas, aboveground swimming pools, inground swimming pools that involve the placement of earthen fill, and onground swimming pools shall comply with this section Controls, Equipment, Appurtenances, and Associated Components. Where swimming pools are located in flood hazard areas: (1) Pool controls shall be inside an elevated building or, where located in a non-elevated accessory structure, the controls shall be elevated to or above the design flood elevation. (2) Pool equipment, appurtenances, and other associated components shall either: (a) Be elevated and securely anchored to a platform; the height of the platform shall either be at or above the design flood elevation or as high as practical, given limitations on the owner s access. (b) Where not elevated, be anchored to prevent flotation and protected to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during flooding. (3) Tanks shall either be elevated or anchored to resist anticipated flood loads during conditions of the design flood Swimming Pools Located in Floodways. Where swimming pools are located in floodways designated on flood hazard maps, documentation shall be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction that demonstrates that the proposed swimming pool will not increase the design flood elevation at any point within the jurisdiction Swimming Pools Located where Floodways have not been Designated. Where swimming pools are located in flood hazard areas where design flood elevations are specified but floodways have not been designated, the applicant shall provide a floodway analysis that demonstrates that the proposed swimming pool will not increase the design flood elevation more than 1 foot (35 mm) at a point within the jurisdiction Swimming Pools Located in Flood Hazard Areas Subject to High Velocity Wave Action. Where pools are located in flood hazard areas subject to high velocity wave action, swimming pools shall: (1) Be elevated so that the lowest horizontal structural member is elevated to or above the design flood elevation. (2) Be designed and constructed to break away during design flood conditions without producing debris capable of causing significant damage to any structure. (3) Be sited to remain in the ground during design flood conditions without obstructing flow that results in damage to adjacent structures. 32. General Requirements Minimum Standards. Pipe, pipe fittings, traps, fixtures, material, and devices used in a swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or plumbing system shall be listed and labeled (third-party certified) by a listing agency (accredited conformity assessment body) and shall comply with the approved applicable recognized standards referenced in this code, and shall be free from defects. Plastic pipe and the fittings used for plastic pipe, other than for gas, shall meet the requirements of NSF 14. Unless otherwise provided for in this code, materials, fixtures, or devices used or entering into the construction of plumbing systems, or parts thereof, shall be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction for approval Equipment. A swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall be equipped complete with approved mechanical equipment consisting of filter, pump, piping valves, and component parts. Exception: Pools with a supply of fresh water equivalent to the volume of the pool in the specified turnover time shall be allowed Marking. Each length of pipe and each pipe fitting, trap, fixture, material, and device used in a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub system shall have cast, stamped, or indelibly marked on it the manufacturer s mark or name, which shall readily identify the manufacturer to the end user of the product. Where required by the approved standard that applies, the product shall be marked with the weight and the quality of the product. Materials and devices used or entering into the construction of swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, or parts thereof, shall be marked and identified in a manner satisfactory to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Such marking shall be done by the manufacturer. Field markings shall not be acceptable Standards. Standards listed or referred to in this chapter or other chapters cover materials that will conform to the requirements of this code, where used in accordance with the limitations imposed in this or other chapters thereof and their listing. Where a standard covers materials of various grades, weights, quality, or configurations, the portion of the 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 19

208 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS listed standard that is applicable shall be used. Design and materials for special conditions or materials not provided for herein shall be permitted to be used only by special permission of the Authority Having Jurisdiction after the Authority Having Jurisdiction has been satisfied as to their adequacy. A list of accepted product and material standards is referenced in Table Existing Buildings. In existing buildings or premises in which swimming pool, spa, or hot tub installations are to be altered, repaired, or renovated, the Authority Having Jurisdiction has discretionary powers to permit deviation from the provisions of this code, provided that such a proposal to deviate is first submitted for proper determination in order that health and safety requirements, as they pertain to plumbing, shall be observed Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction Equivalency. Nothing in this code is intended to prevent the use of systems, methods, devices of equivalent or superior quality, strength, fire resistance, effectiveness, durability, and safety over those prescribed by this code. Technical documentation shall be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction to demonstrate equivalency. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to approve or disapprove the system, method, or device for the intended purpose. However, the exercise of this discretionary approval by the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have no effect beyond the jurisdictional boundaries of said Authority Having Jurisdiction. An alternate material or method of construction so approved shall not be considered as in accordance with the requirements, intent, or both of this code for a purpose other than that granted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction where the submitted data does not prove equivalency Testing. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to require tests, as proof of equivalency Tests. Tests shall be made in accordance with approved or applicable standards, by an approved testing agency at the expense of the applicant. In the absence of such standards, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to specify the test procedure Request by Authority Having Jurisdiction. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to require tests to be made or repeated where, at any time, there is reason to believe that a material or device no longer is in accordance with the requirements on which its approval was based Fuel Gas Piping. Fuel gas piping installations shall comply with the mechanical code. 33. Water Supply and Circulating System Pipe and Fitting Materials Materials. Pipe, tube, fittings, solvent cements, thread sealants, solders, and flux used in potable water systems intended to supply drinking water shall be in accordance with the requirements of NSF 61. Materials used in the water supply or circulating system, except valves and similar devices, shall be of a like material, except where otherwise approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Materials for building water piping, building supply piping, and water used in circulating systems for swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be in accordance with the applicable standards referenced in Table Copper or Copper Alloy Tube. Copper or copper alloy tube for water piping shall have a weight of not less than Type L. Exception: Type M copper or copper alloy tubing shall be permitted to be used for water piping where piping is aboveground in, or on, a building or underground outside of structures Hard-Drawn Copper or Copper Alloy Tubing. Hard-drawn copper or copper alloy tubing for water supply and distribution in addition to the required incised marking, shall be marked in accordance with ASTM B88. The colors shall be: Type K, green; Type L, blue; and Type M, red Flexible Copper Connectors. Listed fflexible copper water connectors shall be installed in readily accessible locations, unless otherwise listed and where under continuous pressure shall be in accordance with ASME A /CSA B Cast-Iron Fittings. Cast-iron fittings up to and including 2 inches (5 mm) in size, where used in connection with potable water piping, shall be galvanized Malleable Iron. Malleable iron water fittings shall be galvanized Previously Used Piping and Tubing. Piping and tubing that has previously been used for a purpose other than for potable water systems shall not be used Plastic Materials. Approved plastic materials shall be permitted to be used in water service piping, provided that where metal piping is used for electrical grounding purposes, replacement piping therefore shall be of like materials. Exception: Where a grounding system acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction is installed, inspected, and approved, metallic pipe shall be permitted to be replaced with nonmetallic pipe. Plastic materials for water service piping outside underground shall have a blue insulated copper tracer wire or other approved conductor installed adjacent to the piping. Access shall be provided to the tracer wire or the tracer wire shall terminate aboveground at each end of the nonmetallic piping. The tracer wire size shall be not less than 18 AWG and the insulation type shall be approved for direct burial Solder. Solder shall comply with the requirements of Section Lead Content. Water pipe and fittings with a lead content which exceeds 8 percent shall be prohibited in piping systems used to convey potable water Water Heating Equipment. Flexible metallic (copper and stainless steel) water heating equipment connectors, or reinforced flexible water heating equipment connectors, braided stainless steel, or polymer braided with UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

209 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS EPDM core connectors that connect connecting water heating equipment to the piping system shall be in accordance with ASME A /CSA B125.6 the applicable standards referenced in Table Copper, copper alloy, or stainless steel flexible connectors shall not exceed 24 inches (61 mm). PEX, PEX-AL-PEX, PE-AL-PE, or PE-RT tubing shall not be installed within the first 18 inches (457 mm) of piping connected to water heating equipment Dielectric Unions. Dielectric unions where installed at points of connection where there is a dissimilarity of metals shall be in accordance with ASSE Flexible PVC Hoses and Tubing. Flexible PVC hoses and tubing intended to be used for swimming pool, spa, hot tub, and jetted bathtub water circulation systems or pneumatic systems shall be in accordance with IAPMO Z Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Fittings General. Pool, spa or hot tub fittings shall be of an approved-type design for the specific application. 34. Water Supply and Circulating System Pipe Joints and Connections Asbestos Cement Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for asbestos cement pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the same composition as the pipe and sealed with an approved elastomeric gasket or joined by a listed compression type coupling. Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with ASTM D1869. The coupling grooves, pipe ends, and elastomeric gaskets shall be cleaned. Elastomeric gaskets shall be positioned in the grooves. Lubricant recommended for potable water application by the pipe manufacturer shall be applied to the machined end of the pipe. Lubricant shall not be applied to the elastomeric gasket or groove, unless specifically recommended by the manufacturer. MATERIAL BUILDING WATER REFERENCED REFERENCED SUPPLY PIPE AND DISTRIBUTION STANDARD(S) PIPE STANDARD(S) FITTINGS FITTINGS PIPE AND FITTINGS Asbestos Cement X* ASTM C296 Brass X X ASTM B43, ASTM B135 Copper and Copper ASTM B42, ASTM B43, ASTM ASME B16.15, ASME B16.18, Alloys B75, ASTM B88, ASTM B135, ASME B16.22, ASME B16.26, X X ASTM B251, ASTM B32, ASME B16.51 ASTM B447 CPVC ASTM D2846, ASTM F441, ASTM D2846, ASTM F437, X X ASTM F442, CSA B137.6 ASTM F438, ASTM F439, ASTM F197, CSA B137.6 CPVC-AL-CPVC X X ASTM F2855 ASTM D2846 Ductile-Iron AWWA C151 ASME B16.4, AWWA C11, X X AWWA C153 Galvanized Steel X X ASTM A53 Malleable Iron X X ASME B16.3 PE TABLE 33.1 MATERIALS FOR BUILDING SUPPLY AND WATER DISTRIBUTION PIPING AND FITTINGS X* ASTM D2239, ASTM D2737, ASTM D335, AWWA C91, CSA B137.1 ASTM D269, ASTM D2683, ASTM D3261, ASTM F155, CSA B137.1 PE-AL-PE ASTM F1282, CSA B137.9 ASTM F1282, ASTM F1974, X X CSA B137.9 PE-RT ASTM F2769 ASTM F187, ASTM F298, X X ASTM F2159, ASTM F2735, ASTM F2769 PEX ASTM F876, ASTM F877, CSA ASSE 161, ASTM F877, X X B137.5, AWWA C94* ASTM F187, ASTM F196, ASTM F1961, ASTM F28, ASTM F2159, CSA B137.5 PEX-AL-PEX ASTM F1281, ASTM F2262, ASTM F1281, ASTM F1974, X X CSA B137.1 ASTM F2434, CSA B137.1 PP X X ASTM F2389, CSA B ASTM F2389, CSA B PVC X* ASTM D1785, ASTM D2241, ASTM D2464, ASTM D2466, AWWA C9 ASTM D2467, ASTM F197 Stainless Steel X X ASTM A269, ASTM A312 * For building supply or cold-water applications. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 21

210 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 34.2 Brass Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for brass pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Brazed Joints. Brazed joints between brass pipe and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Pipe shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the compression, pressed, or grooved type using an approved elastomeric gasket to form a seal Threaded Joints. Threaded joints shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe, Tubing, and Joints. Joining methods for copper or copper alloy pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Brazed Joints. Brazed joints between copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Tubing shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting Flared Joints. Flared joints for soft copper or copper alloy water tubing shall be made with fittings that are in accordance with the applicable standards referenced in Table Pipe or tubing shall be cut square using an appropriate tubing cutter. The tubing shall be reamed to full inside diameter, resized to round, and expanded with a proper flaring tool Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall include, but are not limited to, compression, flanged, grooved, pressed, and push fit fittings Mechanically Formed Tee Fittings. Mechanically formed tee fittings shall have extracted collars that shall be formed in a continuous operation consisting of drilling a pilot hole and drawing out the pipe or tube surface to form a collar having a height not less than three times the thickness of the branch tube wall. The branch pipe or tube shall be notched to conform to the inner curve of the run pipe or tube and shall have two dimple depth stops to ensure that penetration of the branch pipe or tube into the collar is of a depth for brazing and that the branch pipe or tube does not obstruct the flow in the main line pipe or tube. Dimple depth stops shall be in line with the run of the pipe or tube. The second dimple shall be 1 4 of an inch (6.4 mm) above the first and shall serve as a visual point of inspection. Fittings and joints shall be made by brazing. Soldered joints shall not be permitted Pressed Fittings. Pressed fittings for copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall have an elastomeric O-ring that forms the joint. The pipe or tubing shall be fully inserted into the fitting, and the pipe or tubing marked at the shoulder of the fitting. Pipe or tubing shall be cut square, chamfered, and reamed to full inside diameter. The fitting alignment shall be checked against the mark on the pipe or tubing to ensure the pipe or tubing is inserted into the fitting. The joint shall be pressed using the tool recommended by the manufacturer Push Fit Fittings. Removable and nonremovable push fit fittings for copper or copper alloy tubing or pipe that employ quick assembly push fit connectors shall be in accordance with ASSE 161. Push fit fittings for copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall have an approved elastomeric O-ring that forms the joint. Pipe or tubing shall be cut square, chamfered, and reamed to full inside diameter. The tubing shall be fully inserted into the fitting, and the tubing marked at the shoulder of the fitting. The fitting alignment shall be checked against the mark on the tubing to ensure the tubing is inserted into the fitting and gripping mechanism has engaged on the pipe Soldered Joints. Soldered joints between copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and fittings shall be made in accordance with ASTM B828 with the following sequence of joint preparation and operation as follows: measuring and cutting, reaming, cleaning, fluxing, assembly and support, heating, applying the solder, cooling and cleaning. Pipe or tubing shall be cut square and reamed to the full inside diameter including the removal of burrs on the outside of the pipe or tubing. Surfaces to be joined shall be cleaned bright by manual or mechanical means. Flux shall be applied to pipe or tubing and fittings and shall be in accordance with ASTM B813, and shall become noncorrosive and nontoxic after soldering. Insert pipe or tubing into the base of the fitting and remove excess flux. Pipe or tubing and fitting shall be supported to ensure a uniform capillary space around the joint. Heat shall be applied using an air or fuel torch with the flame perpendicular to the pipe or tubing using acetylene or an LP gas. Preheating shall depend on the size of the joint. The flame shall be moved to the fitting cup and alternate between the pipe or tubing and fitting. Solder in accordance with ASTM B UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

211 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS shall be applied to the joint surfaces until capillary action draws the molten solder into the cup. Solder and fluxes with a lead content that exceeds.2 percent shall be prohibited in piping systems conveying potable water. Joint surfaces shall not be disturbed until cool and any remaining flux residue shall be cleaned Threaded Joints. Threaded joints for copper or copper alloy pipe shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints. CPVC plastic pipe and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Mechanical Joints. Removable and nonremovable push fit fittings that employ a quick assembly push fit connector shall be in accordance with ASSE Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints for CPVC pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt and moisture. Solvent cements in accordance with ASTM F493, requiring the use of a primer shall be orange in color. The primer shall be colored and be in accordance with ASTM F656. Listed solvent cement in accordance with ASTM F493 that does not require the use of primers, yellow or red in color, shall be permitted for pipe and fittings manufactured in accordance with ASTM D2846 or ASTM F442, 1 2 of an inch (15 mm) through 2 inches (5 mm) in diameter. Apply primer where required inside the fitting and to the depth of the fitting on pipe. Apply liberal coat of cement to the outside surface of pipe to depth of fitting and inside of fitting. Place pipe inside fitting to forcefully bottom the pipe in the socket and hold together until joint is set Threaded Joints. Threads shall comply with ASME B A minimum of Schedule 8 shall be permitted to be threaded; however, the pressure rating shall be reduced by 5 percent. The use of molded fittings shall not result in a 5 percent reduction in the pressure rating of the pipe provided that the molded fittings shall be fabricated so that the wall thickness of the material is maintained at the threads. Thread sealant compound that is compatible with the pipe and fitting, insoluble in water, and nontoxic shall be applied to male threads. Caution shall be used during assembly to prevent over tightening of the CPVC components once the thread sealant has been applied. Female CPVC threaded fittings shall be used with plastic male threads only CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints. Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/aluminum/chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC/AL/CPVC) plastic pipe and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints for CPVC/AL/CPVC pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt and moisture. Solvent cements in accordance with ASTM F493, requiring the use of a primer shall be orange in color. The primer shall be colored and be in accordance with ASTM F656. Listed solvent cement in accordance with ASTM F493 that does not require the use of primers, yellow in color, shall be permitted to join pipe manufactured in accordance with ASTM F2855 and fittings manufactured in accordance with ASTM D2846, 1 2 of an inch (15 mm) through 2 inches (5 mm) in diameter. Apply primer where required inside the fitting and to the depth of the fitting on pipe. Apply liberal coat of cement to the outside surface of pipe to depth of fitting and inside of fitting. Place pipe inside fitting to forcefully bottom the pipe in the socket and hold together until joint is set Ductile Iron Pipe and Joints. Ductile iron pipe and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints for ductile iron pipe and fittings shall consist of a bell that is cast integrally with the pipe or fitting and provided with an exterior flange having bolt holes and a socket with annular recesses for the sealing gasket and the plain end of the pipe or fitting. The elastomeric gasket shall comply with AWWA C111. Lubricant recommended for potable water application by the pipe manufacturer shall be applied to the gasket and plain end of the pipe Push-On Joints. Push-on joints for ductile iron pipe and fittings shall consist of a single elastomeric gasket that shall be assembled by positioning the elastomeric gasket in an annular recess in the pipe or fitting socket and forcing the plain end of the pipe or fitting into the socket. The plain end shall compress the elastomeric gasket to form a positive seal and shall be designed so that the elastomeric gasket shall be locked in place against displacement. The elastomeric gasket shall comply with AWWA C111. Lubricant recommended for potable water application by the pipe manufacturer shall be applied to the gasket and plain end of the pipe Galvanized Steel Pipe and Joints. Galvanized steel pipe and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be made with an approved and listed elastomeric gasket Threaded Joints. Threaded joints shall be made with pipe threads that are in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 23

212 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS PE Plastic Pipe/Tubing and Joints. PE plastic pipe or tubing and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Heat-Fusion Joints. Heat-fusion joints between PE pipe or tubing and fittings shall be assembled in accordance with Section through Section using butt, socket, and electro-fusion heat methods in accordance with ASTM D Butt-Fusion Joints. Buttfusion joints shall be made by heating the squared ends of two pipes, pipe and fitting, or two fittings by holding ends against a heated element. The heated element shall be removed where the proper melt is obtained and joined ends shall be placed together with applied force Electro-Fusion Joints. Electro-fusion joints shall be made by embedding the resistance wire in the fitting and supplying with a heat source. Pipe shall be clamped in place and power applied through a controlled processor. The material surrounding the wire shall be melted along with the pipe and shall provide the pressure required for fusion Socket-Fusion Joints. Socket-fusion joints shall be made by simultaneously heating the outside surface of a pipe end and the inside of a fitting socket. Where the proper melt is obtained, the pipe and fitting shall be joined by inserting one into the other with applied force. The joint shall fuse together and remain undisturbed until cool Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints between PE pipe or tubing and fittings shall include insert and mechanical compression fittings that provide a pressure seal resistance to pullout. Joints for insert fittings shall be made by cutting the pipe square, using a cutter designed for plastic piping, and removal of sharp edges. Two stainless steel clamps shall be placed over the end of the pipe. Fittings shall be checked for proper size based on the diameter of the pipe. The end of pipe shall be placed over the barbed insert fitting, making contact with the fitting shoulder. Clamps shall be positioned equal to 18 degrees (3.14 rad) apart and shall be tightened to provide a leak tight joint. Compression type couplings and fittings shall be permitted for use in joining PE piping and tubing. Stiffeners that extend beyond the clamp or nut shall be prohibited. Bends shall be not less than 3 pipe diameters, or the coil radius where bending with the coil. Bends shall not be permitted closer than 1 pipe diameters of any fitting or valve. Mechanical joints shall be designed for their intended use PE-AL-PE Plastic Pipe/Tubing and Joints. PE-AL-PE plastic pipe or tubing and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints for PE-AL-PE pipe or tubing and fittings shall be either of the metal insert fittings with a split ring and compression nut or metal insert fittings with copper crimp rings. Metal insert fittings shall comply with ASTM F1974. Crimp insert fittings shall be joined to the pipe by placing the copper crimp ring around the outer circumference of the pipe, forcing the pipe material into the space formed by the ribs on the fitting until the pipe contacts the shoulder of the fitting. The crimp ring shall then be positioned on the pipe so the edge of the crimp ring is 1 8 of an inch (3.2 mm) to 1 4 of an inch (6.4 mm) from the end of the pipe. The jaws of the crimping tool shall be centered over the crimp ring and tool perpendicular to the barb. The jaws shall be closed around the crimp ring and shall not be crimped more than once Compression Joints. Compression joints for PE-AL-PE pipe or tubing and fittings shall be joined through the compression of a split ring, by a compression nut around the circumference of the pipe. The compression nut and split ring shall be placed around the pipe. The ribbed end of the fitting shall be inserted onto the pipe until the pipe contacts the shoulder of the fitting. Position and compress the split ring by tightening the compression nut onto the insert fitting PE-RT. Polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) tubing shall be marked with the appropriate standard designation(s) listed in Table 33.1 for which the tubing has been approved. PE-RT tubing shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Fittings. Metal insert fittings, metal compression fittings, and plastic fittings shall be manufactured to and marked in accordance with the standards for fittings in Table PEX Plastic Tubing and Joints. PEX plastic tubing and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Fittings. Fittings for PEX tubing shall comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table PEX tubing in accordance with ASTM F876 shall be marked with the applicable standard designation for the fittings specified for use with the tubing Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions PEX-AL-PEX Plastic Tubing and Joints. PEX-AL-PEX plastic pipe or tubing and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints between PEX-AL-PEX tubing and fittings shall include mechanical and compression type fittings and insert fittings with a crimping ring. Insert fittings utilizing a crimping ring shall be in accordance with ASTM UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

213 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS F1974 or ASTM F2434. Crimp joints for crimp insert fittings shall be joined to PEX-AL-PEX pipe by the compression of a crimp ring around the outer circumference of the pipe, forcing the pipe material into annular spaces formed by ribs on the fitting Compression Joints. Compression joints shall include compression insert fittings and shall be joined to PEX-AL-PEX pipe through the compression of a split ring or compression nut around the outer circumference of the pipe, forcing the pipe material into the annular space formed by the ribs on the fitting Polypropylene (PP) Piping and Joints. PP pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Heat-Fusion Joints. Heat-fusion joints for polypropylene (PP) pipe and fitting joints shall be installed with socket-type heat-fused polypropylene fittings, fusion outlets, butt-fusion polypropylene fittings or pipe, or electro-fusion polypropylene fittings. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free from moisture. The joint shall be undisturbed until cool. Joints shall be made in accordance with ASTM F2389 or CSA B Mechanical and Compression Sleeve Joints. Mechanical and compression sleeve joints shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Threaded Joints. PP pipe shall not be threaded. PP transition fittings for connection to other piping materials shall only be threaded by use of brass or stainless steel inserts molded into the fitting PVC Plastic Pipe and Joints. PVC plastic pipe and fitting joining methods shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be designed to provide a permanent seal and shall be of the mechanical or push-on joint. The mechanical joint shall include a pipe spigot that has a wall thickness to withstand without deformation or collapse; the compressive force exerted where the fitting is tightened. The push-on joint shall have a minimum wall thickness of the bell at any point between the ring and the pipe barrel. The elastomeric gasket shall comply with ASTM D3139, and be of such size and shape as to provide a compressive force against the spigot and socket after assembly to provide a positive seal Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints for PVC pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt and moisture. Pipe shall be cut square and pipe shall be deburred. Where surfaces to be joined are cleaned and free of dirt, moisture, oil, and other foreign material, apply primer purple in color in accordance with ASTM F656. Primer shall be applied until the surface of the pipe and fitting is softened. Solvent cements in accordance with ASTM D2564 shall be applied to all joint surfaces. Joints shall be made while both the inside socket surface and outside surface of pipe are wet with solvent cement. Hold joint in place and undisturbed for 1 minute after assembly Threaded Joints. Threads shall comply with ASME B A minimum of Schedule 8 shall be permitted to be threaded; however, the pressure rating shall be reduced by 5 percent. The use of molded fittings shall not result in a 5 percent reduction in the pressure rating of the pipe provided that the molded fittings shall be fabricated so that the wall thickness of the material is maintained at the threads. Thread sealant compound that is compatible with the pipe and fitting, insoluble in water, and nontoxic shall be applied to male threads. Caution shall be used during assembly to prevent over tightening of the PVC components once the thread sealant has been applied. Female PVC threaded fittings shall be used with plastic male threads only Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for stainless steel pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be designed for their intended use. Such joints shall include compression, flanged, grooved, pressed, and threaded Welded Joints. Welded joints shall be either fusion or resistance welded based on the selection of the base metal. Chemical composition of the filler metal shall comply with AWS A5.9 based on the alloy content of the piping material Joints Between Various Materials. Joints between various materials shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe or Tubing to Threaded Pipe Joints. Joints from copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing to threaded pipe shall be made by the use of brass adapter, brass nipple [minimum 6 inches (152 mm)], dielectric fitting, or dielectric union in accordance with ASSE 179. The joint between the copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and the fitting shall be a soldered, brazed, flared, or pressed joint and the connection between the threaded pipe and the fitting shall be made with a standard pipe size threaded joint Plastic Pipe to Other Materials. Where connecting plastic pipe to other types of piping, approved types of adapter or transition fittings designed for the specific transition intended shall be used Stainless Steel to Other Materials. Where connecting stainless steel pipe to other types of piping, mechanical joints of the compression 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 25

214 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS type, dielectric fitting, or dielectric union in accordance with ASSE 179 and designed for the specific transition intended shall be used. 35. Drainage Pipe and Fitting Materials Materials. Materials for drainage pipe and fittings shall comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table 35.1 except that: (1) No galvanized wrought-iron or galvanized steel pipe shall be used underground and shall be kept not less than 6 inches (152 mm) aboveground. (2) ABS and PVC DWV piping installations shall be installed in accordance with applicable standards referenced in Table (3) No vitrified clay pipe or fittings shall be used aboveground or where pressurized by a pump or ejector. They shall be kept not less than 12 inches (35 mm) belowground. (4) Copper or copper alloy tube for drainage and vent piping shall have a weight of not less than that of copper or copper alloy drainage tube type DWV. (5) Stainless steel 34 pipe and fittings shall not be installed underground and shall be kept not less than 6 inches (152 mm) aboveground Fittings. Materials for drainage fittings shall be in accordance with the applicable standards referenced in Table 35.1 of the same diameter as the piping served, and such fittings shall be compatible with the type of pipe used Type. Fittings used for drainage shall be of the drainage type, have a smooth interior water-way, and be constructed so as to allow 1 4 inch per foot (2.8 mm/m) grade Drainage Piping. Drainage piping to waste-serving gravity overflow gutter drains and deck drains shall be installed to provide continuous grade to the point of discharge Unions. Approved unions shall be permitted to be used in drainage piping when where accessibly located in the trap seal or between a fixture and its trap; in the vent system, except underground or in wet vents; and at any point in the water supply system, and in gas piping as permitted by Section MATERIAL UNDERGROUND ABOVEGROUND BUILDING DRAIN, WASTE, DRAIN, WASTE, REFERENCED REFERENCED SEWER PIPE VENT PIPE AND VENT PIPE AND STANDARD(S) PIPE STANDARD(S) FITTINGS AND FITTINGS FITTINGS FITTINGS ABS (Schedule 4) X X X ASTM D1527, ASTM F628 ASTM D2661, ASTM D2661, ASTM D268*, ASTM D268* Asbestos Cement X ASTM C14*, ASTM C428* Brass X ASTM B43 Cast-Iron X X X ASME B16.12, ASTM A74, ASTM A74, ASTM A888, ASTM A888, CISPI 31 CISPI 31 Co-Extruded ASTM D2661, X X X ASTM F1488 ABS (Schedule 4) ASTM D268* Co-Extruded PVC (Schedule 4) Copper and Copper Alloys (Type DWV) TABLE 35.1 MATERIALS FOR DRAIN, WASTE, VENT PIPE AND FITTINGS X X X X X X ASTM F891, ASTM F1488 ASTM B43, ASTM B75, ASTM B251, ASTM B32, ASTM B36 ASTM D2665, ASTM F794*, ASTM F1866 ASME B16.23, ASME B16.29 Galvanized Malleable Iron X ASME B16.3 Galvanized Steel X ASTM A53 ASTM D1785, ASTM D2665, PVC (Schedule 4) X X X ASTM D2665, ASTM F794*, ASTM F794* ASTM F1866 Stainless Steel 34 X ASME A ASME A Stainless Steel 316L X X X ASME A ASME A Vitrified Clay (Extra strength) X ASTM C7 ASTM C7 * For building sewer applications UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

215 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 36. Drainage Pipe Joints and Connections ABS and ABS Co-Extruded Plastic Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for ABS plastic pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be designed to provide a permanent seal and shall be of the mechanical or push-on joint. The push-on joint shall include an elastomeric gasket in accordance with ASTM D3212 and shall provide a compressive force against the spigot and socket after assembly to provide a permanent seal Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints for ABS pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt and moisture. Pipe shall be cut square and shall be deburred. Where surfaces to be joined are cleaned and free of dirt, moisture, oil, and other foreign material, solvent cement in accordance with ASTM D2235 shall be applied to all joint surfaces. Joints shall be made while both the inside socket surface and outside surface of pipe are wet with solvent cement. Hold joint in place and undisturbed for 1 minute after assembly Threaded Joints. Threads shall comply with ASME B A minimum of Schedule 8 shall be permitted to be threaded. Molded threads on adapter fittings for transition to threaded joints shall be permitted. Thread sealant compound shall be applied to male threads, insoluble in water, and nontoxic. The joint between the pipe and transition fitting shall be of the solvent cement type. Caution shall be used during assembly to prevent over tightening of the ABS components once the thread sealant compound has been applied Asbestos Cement Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for asbestos cement pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the same composition as the pipe and sealed with an approved elastomeric gasket or joined by a listed compression type coupling. Elastomeric gaskets shall comply with ASTM D1869. The coupling grooves, pipe ends, and elastomeric gaskets shall be cleaned. Elastomeric gaskets shall be positioned in the grooves. Lubricant recommended by the manufacturer shall be applied to the machined end of the pipe. Lubricant shall not be applied to the elastomeric gasket or groove, unless specifically recommended by the manufacturer Brass Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for brass pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Brazed Joints. Brazed joints between brass pipe and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Pipe shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be of the compression type using an elastomeric gasket to form a seal Threaded Joints. Threaded joints shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic Cast-Iron Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for cast-iron pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Caulked Joints. Caulked joints shall be firmly packed with oakum or hemp and filled with molten lead to a depth of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) in one continuous pour. The lead shall be caulked thoroughly at the inside and outside edges of the joint. After caulking, the finished joint shall not exceed 1 8 of an inch (3.2 mm) below the rim of the hub. No paint, varnish, or other coatings shall be permitted on the joining material until after the joint has been tested and approved Mechanical Joints and Compression Joints. Mechanical joints for cast iron pipe and fittings shall be of the elastomeric compression type or mechanical joint couplings type. Compression type joints with an elastomeric gasket for cast-iron hub and spigot pipe shall comply with ASTM C564 and be tested in accordance with ASTM C1563. Hub and spigot shall be clean and free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign materials. Cut pipe shall be free from sharp edges. Fold and insert gasket into hub. Lubricate the joint following manufacturer s instructions. Insert spigot into hub until the spigot end of the pipe bottom out in the hub. Use the same procedure for the installation of fittings. A mechanical joint shielded coupling type for hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings shall comply have a metallic shield in accordance with ASTM A156, ASTM C1277, ASTM C154, or CISPI 31. The elastomeric gasket shall comply with ASTM C564. Hubless cast-iron pipe and fittings shall be clean and free of dirt, mud, sand, and foreign materials. Cut pipe shall be free from sharp edges. Gasket shall be placed on the end of the pipe or fitting and the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly on the end of the other pipe or fitting. Pipe or fittings shall be seated against the center stop inside the elastomeric sleeve. Slide the stainless steel shield and clamp assembly into position centered over the gasket and tighten. Bands shall be tightened using an approved calibrated torque wrench specifically set by the manufacturer of the couplings. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 27

216 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe (DWV) and Joints. Joining methods for copper or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Brazed Joints. Brazed joints between copper or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1 F (538 C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Piping shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the joint surfaces where required by manufacturer s recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints in copper or copper alloy piping shall be made with a mechanical coupling with grooved end piping or approved joint designed for the specific application Soldered Joints. Soldered joints between copper or copper alloy pipe and fittings shall be made in accordance with ASTM B828 with the following sequence of joint preparation and operation as follows: measuring and cutting, reaming, cleaning, fluxing, assembly and support, heating, applying the solder, cooling, and cleaning. Pipe shall be cut square and reamed to the full inside diameter including the removal of burrs on the outside of the pipe. Surfaces to be joined shall be cleaned bright by manual or mechanical means. Flux shall be applied to pipe and fittings and shall be in accordance with ASTM B813, and shall become noncorrosive and nontoxic after soldering. Insert pipe into the base of the fitting and remove excess flux. Pipe and fitting shall be supported to ensure a uniform capillary space around the joint. Heat shall be applied using an air or fuel torch with the flame perpendicular to the pipe using acetylene or an LP gas. Preheating shall depend on the size of the joint. The flame shall be moved to the fitting cup and alternate between the pipe and fitting. Solder in accordance with ASTM B32 shall be applied to the joint surfaces until capillary action draws the molten solder into the cup. Joint surfaces shall not be disturbed until cool and any remaining flux residue shall be cleaned Threaded Joints. Threaded joints for copper or copper alloy pipe shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic Galvanized Steel Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for galvanized steel pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be made with an elastomeric gasket Threaded Joints. Threaded joints shall be made with pipe threads in accordance with ASME B Thread sealant tape or compound shall be applied only on male threads, and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble in water, and nontoxic PVC and PVC Co-Extruded Plastic Pipe and Joining Methods. Joining methods for PVC plastic pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be designed to provide a permanent seal and shall be of the mechanical or push-on joint type. The push-on joint shall include an elastomeric gasket in accordance with ASTM D3212 and shall provide a compressive force against the spigot and socket after assembly to provide a permanent seal Solvent Cement Joints. Solvent cement joints for PVC pipe and fittings shall be clean from dirt and moisture. Pipe shall be cut square and pipe shall be deburred. Where surfaces to be joined are cleaned and free of dirt, moisture, oil, and other foreign material, apply primer purple in color in accordance with ASTM F656. Primer shall be applied until the surface of the pipe and fitting is softened. Solvent cements in accordance with ASTM D2564 shall be applied to all joint surfaces. Joints shall be made while both the inside socket surface and outside surface of pipe are wet with solvent cement. Hold joint in place and undisturbed for 1 minute after assembly Threaded Joints. Threads shall comply with ASME B A minimum of Schedule 8 shall be permitted to be threaded. Molded threads on adapter fittings for transition to threaded joints shall be permitted. Thread sealant compound that is compatible with the pipe and fitting, insoluble in water, and nontoxic shall be applied to male threads. The joint between the pipe and transition fitting shall be of the solvent cement type. Caution shall be used during assembly to prevent over tightening of the PVC components once the thread sealant has been applied. Female PVC threaded fittings shall be used with plastic male threads only Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for stainless steel pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section and Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints between stainless steel pipe and fittings shall be of the compression, grooved coupling, hydraulic pressed fittings, or flanged Welded Joints. Welded joints between stainless steel pipe and fittings shall comply with ASME A and shall be welded autogenously. Pipe shall be cleaned, free of scale and contaminating particles. Pipe shall be cut with a combination cutting and beveling tool that provides a square cut, and free of burrs. Mineral oil lubricant shall be used during the cutting and beveling process UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

217 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Vitrified Clay Pipe and Joints. Joining methods for vitrified clay pipe and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section Mechanical Joints. Mechanical joints shall be designed to provide a permanent seal and shall be of the mechanical or push-on joint type. The push-on joint shall include an elastomeric gasket in accordance with ASTM C425 and shall provide a compressive force against the spigot and socket after assembly to provide a permanent seal Joints Between Various Materials. Joints between various materials shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with Section through Section Mechanical couplings used to join different materials shall be in accordance with ASTM C1173 for belowground use, ASTM C146 for aboveground use, or ASTM C1461 for aboveground and belowground use Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe to Cast-Iron Pipe. Joints from copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing to cast-iron pipe shall be made with a listed compression type joint or brass copper alloy ferrule. The copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall be soldered or brazed to the ferrule and the ferrule shall be joined to the cast-iron hub by a compression or caulked joint Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe to Threaded Pipe Joints. Joints from copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing to threaded pipe shall be made by the use of a listed brass copper alloy adapter or dielectric fitting. The joint between the copper or copper alloy pipe and the fitting shall be a soldered or brazed, and the connection between the threaded and the fittings shall be made with a standard pipe size threaded joint Plastic Pipe to other Materials. Where connecting plastic pipe to other types of plastic or other types of piping material; approved listed adapter or transition fittings and listed for the specific transition intended shall be used Stainless Steel Pipe to other Materials. Where connecting stainless steel pipe to other types of piping, listed mechanical joints of the compression type and listed for the specific transition intended shall be used. 37. Workmanship and Installation Practices Non-Threaded Plastic Piping. Listed plastic circulating piping and fittings for non-threaded applications between mechanical equipment and pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be not less than Schedule Threaded Plastic Piping. Listed plastic threaded circulating pipe between mechanical equipment and pools, spas, and hot tubs shall be not less than Schedule 8. Threading of plastic pipe in the field is prohibited. Threads shall be molded Bends in Plastic Piping. Plastic piping shall be permitted to be cold bent for sizes 2 inches (5 mm) or less with a radius of not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) without the application of heat. Bends of small radii and exceeding 2 inches (5 mm) shall be manufacture with the use of thermostatically controlled equipment and shall be listed Bends in Copper or Copper Alloy Tubing. Changes in direction in copper or copper alloy tubing shall be permitted to be made with bends, provided that such bends are made with bending equipment that does not deform or create a loss in the cross-sectional area of the tubing Protection of Circulating Piping. Circulating piping shall be protected from excessive high water temperature Burred Ends. Burred ends of pipe and tubing shall be reamed to the full bore of the pipe or tube and chips shall be removed Screwed Fittings. Screwed fittings shall be ABS, cast-iron, copper, copper alloy, malleable iron, PVC, steel, or other approved materials. Threads shall be tapped out of solid metal or molded in solid ABS or PVC Increasers and Reducers. Where different sizes of pipes or pipes and fittings are to be connected, the proper size increasers or reducers or reducing fittings shall be used between the two sizes. Brass or cast-iron body cleanouts shall not be used as a reducer or adapter from cast-iron drainage pipe to iron pipe size (IPS) pipe. 38. Prohibited Fittings and Practices Drainage and Vent Piping. No drainage or vent piping shall be drilled and tapped for the purpose of making connections thereto, and no cast-iron soil pipe shall be threaded Dissimilar Metals. Except for necessary valves, where intermembering or mixing of dissimilar metals occurs, the point of connection shall be confined to exposed or accessible locations Direction of Flow. Valves, pipes, and fittings shall be installed in correct relationship to the direction of flow. 39. Protection of Piping, Materials, and Structures Installation. Piping in connection with a plumbing system shall be so installed that piping or connections will not be subject to undue strains or stresses, and provisions shall be made for expansion, contraction, and structural settlement. No plumbing piping shall be directly embedded in concrete or masonry. No structural member shall be seriously weakened or impaired by cutting, notching, or otherwise, as defined in the building code Building Sewer and Drainage Piping. No building sewer or other drainage piping or part thereof, constructed of materials other than those approved for use under or within a building, shall be installed under or within 2 feet (61 mm) of a building or structure, or less than 1 foot (35 mm) below the surface of the ground. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 29

218 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 39.3 Corrosion, Erosion, and Mechanical Damage. Piping subject to corrosion, erosion, or mechanical damage shall be protected in an approved manner Protectively Coated Pipe. Protectively coated pipe shall be inspected and tested, and a visible void, damage, or imperfection to the pipe coating shall be repaired in accordance with Section Freezing Protection. No water, soil, or waste pipe shall be installed or permitted outside of a building, in attics or crawl spaces, or in an exterior wall unless, where necessary, adequate provision is made to protect such pipe from freezing Fire-Resistant Construction. Piping penetrations of fire-resistance-rated walls, partitions, floors, floor/ceiling assemblies, roof/ceiling assemblies, or shaft enclosures shall be protected in accordance with the requirements of the building code Waterproofing of Openings. Joints at the roof around pipes, ducts, or other appurtenances shall be made watertight by the use of lead, copper, galvanized iron, or other approved flashings or flashing material. Exterior wall openings shall be made watertight. Counterflashing shall not restrict the required internal cross-sectional area of the vent Steel Nail Plates. Plastic and copper or copper alloy piping penetrating framing members to within 1 inch (25.4 mm) of the exposed framing shall be protected by steel nail plates not less than 18 gauge (.478 inches) (1.2 mm) in thickness. The steel nail plate shall extend along the framing member not less than inches (38 mm) beyond the outside diameter of the pipe or tubing. Exception: See Section for fuel gas piping requirements Sleeves. Sleeves shall be provided to protect piping through concrete, masonry walls and concrete floors. Exception: Sleeves shall not be required where openings are drilled or bored Building Loads. Piping through concrete or masonry walls shall not be subject to a load from building construction Exterior Walls. In exterior walls, an annular space between sleeves and pipes shall be sealed and made watertight, as approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. A penetration through fire-resistive construction shall be in accordance with Section Firewalls. A pipe sleeve through a firewall shall have the space around the pipe completely sealed with an approved fire-resistive material in accordance with other codes Structural Members. A structural member weakened or impaired by cutting, notching, or otherwise shall be reinforced, repaired, or replaced so as to be left in a safe structural condition in accordance with the requirements of the building code Rodentproofing. Strainer plates on drain inlets shall be designed and installed so that no opening exceeds 1 2 inch (12.7 mm) in the least dimension Openings. In or on buildings where openings have been made in walls, floors, or ceilings for the passage of pipes, such openings shall be closed and protected by the installation of approved metal collars securely fastened to the adjoining structure Exposed PVC Piping. PVC piping shall not be exposed to direct sunlight. Exceptions: (1) PVC piping exposed to sunlight that is protected by water based synthetic latex paints. (2) PVC piping specifically listed for exposure to direct sunlight. (3) PVC piping wrapped with not less than.4 inch (1.2 mm) thick tape or otherwise protected from UV degradation. 31. Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill Trenches. Trenches deeper than the footing of a building or structure, and paralleling the same, shall be located not less than 45 degrees (.79 rad) therefrom from the bottom exterior edge of the footing, or as approved in accordance with Section 32. of this code Tunneling and Driving. Tunneling and driving shall be permitted to be done in yards, courts, or driveways of a building site. Where an approved depth is available to permit, tunnels shall be permitted to be used between open-cut trenches. Tunnels shall have a clear height of 2 feet (61 mm) above the pipe and shall be limited in length to one-half the depth of the trench, with a maximum length of 8 feet (2438 mm). Where pipes are driven, the drive pipe shall be not less than one size larger than the pipe to be laid Open Trenches. Excavations required to be made for the installation of a swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or related piping system or part thereof, shall be open trench work and shall be kept open until the piping has been inspected, tested, and accepted Excavations. Excavations shall be completely backfilled as soon after inspection as practicable. Precaution shall be taken to ensure compactness of backfill around piping without damage to such piping. Trenches shall be backfilled in thin layers to 12 inches (35 mm) above the top of the piping with clean earth, which shall not contain stones, boulders, cinderfill, frozen earth, construction debris, or other materials that will damage or break the piping or cause corrosive action. Mechanical devices such as bulldozers, graders, etc., shall be permitted to then be used to complete backfill to grade. Fill shall be properly compacted. Precautions shall be taken to ensure permanent stability for pipe laid in filled or made ground Tests and Test Gauges Approval of Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Piping. Pool, spa, or hot tub piping shall be inspected and approved before being covered or concealed. It shall be tested and proved tight under a static water or air pressure test of UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

219 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS not less than 35 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (241 kpa) for 15 minutes and shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Exception: Exposed equipment shall be tested as required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, the manufacturer s instructions, or both Approval of Drainage and Vent Piping. Drainage and vent piping, except outside deck drains, shall be inspected and approved before being covered or concealed. They shall be tested by plugging all outlets, filling with water, and joints shall be tight Dial Gauges. Tests required by this code, which are performed utilizing dial gauges, shall be limited to gauges having the following pressure graduations or incrementations Pressure Tests (1 psi or less). Required pressure tests of 1 psi (69 kpa) or less shall be performed with gauges of.1 psi (.69 kpa) incrementation or less Pressure Tests (greater than 1 psi to 1 psi). Required pressure tests exceeding 1 psi (69 kpa) but less than or equal to 1 psi (689 kpa) shall be performed with gauges of 1 psi (7 kpa) incrementation or less Pressure Tests (exceeding 1 psi). Required pressure tests exceeding 1 psi (689 kpa) shall be performed with gauges incremented for 2 percent or less of the required test pressure Pressure Range. Test gauges shall have a pressure range not exceeding twice the test pressure applied Final Inspection General. Swimming pool, spa, or hot tub installations shall be completed. The pool shall be completely filled with water and in operation before final inspection. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 31

220 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

221 CHAPTER 4 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION 41. General Applicability. This chapter shall govern the general requirements for design, materials, methods of construction, facilities, and decks as they pertain to swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. Part I Swimming Pools. 42. General Requirements Public and Private. Public and private swimming pools shall be installed in accordance with Section through Section Installation. Swimming pools shall be installed in accordance with this code and the manufacturer s installation instructions. The location of the pool shall in no way hinder the operation for which it is designed nor adversely affect bather s safety or water quality Indoor Pools. Indoor pools shall be located in approved ventilated and conditioned areas. Ventilation rate shall be provided in accordance with ASHRAE 62.1 or equivalent standard. Indoor pool HVAC systems shall comply with ACCA 1 or equivalent standard Dehumidification. Where dehumidification is provided to remove moisture, it shall be designed in accordance with ASHRAE 62.1 or equivalent standard Methods of Construction. A pool shall be constructed of reinforced concrete or other approved materials that are impervious; and provide a watertight structure with a nonabrasive interior finish; and have a slip-resistant surface Dissimilar Material. Where a pool structure is to be lined with dissimilar material, the two materials shall be continually and permanently bonded so as to not separate at any time or place Freeze Protection. Where located in areas subject to freezing, pools and appurtenances shall be protected and designed from damage due to freezing Structural Design. Swimming pools shall be designed to withstand anticipated stresses under both full and empty conditions, taking into consideration climatic, hydrostatic, seismic, geotechnical, and the integration of the pool with other structural conditions Concrete. Concrete used in swimming pools shall be designed to have minimum compressive strength and concrete cover for reinforcement in accordance with ACI Testing. Pools and hydraulic systems shall be tested for water tightness before being approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. For inground pools, a hydrostatic relief valve shall be provided where the water table exerts hydrostatic pressure to uplift the pool where empty or drained. Materials used in the manufacturing of vinyl liners for aboveground swimming pools shall be tested in accordance with ASTM D1593 and ASTM D Dimensions Floor Slopes. Public and private swimming pool floor slopes shall be uniform and slope toward the main drains Public Swimming Pools. Where the water depth is less than 5 feet (1524 mm), the floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 12 feet (3658 mm) to the point of the first slope change. Where the water depth exceeds 5 feet (1524 mm) the floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 3 feet (914 mm). Exception: Pools designed for competitive diving, therapy, military, or other special use Private Swimming Pools. Where the water depth is less than 2 feet (61 mm), the floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 7 feet (2134 mm). The floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 3 feet (914 mm) from the first slope change to the deepest point of the swimming pool Floor and Wall Slopes Walls. Walls of the pool shall be vertical or not to exceed 11 degrees (.19 rad) from vertical for water depths not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) or vertical for a distance not less than 3 feet (914 mm) below the water level and curved to join the wall and floor Floors 43.3 Finishes and Surfaces. The interior finish of a swimming pool shall be nonabrasive and slipresistant. The interior floor of pools shall be such to facilitate the identification of objects and markers within such area. A non-slip white or light colored water proof finish which withstands repeated brushing, scrubbing, and cleaning shall line the pool. Paint, fiberglass, or epoxy coated finishes shall be nontoxic, water resistant, of one single light color, and shall continually and permanently bond so as not to separate. Corners and edges shall be rounded and smooth to prevent abrasions, and shall be rounded with a minimum 6 inch (152 mm) radius Markings. The various depths of the pool shall be visible and marked in accordance with the following: (1) At or above the water surface on the vertical pool wall. (2) On the edge of the deck at points of change in floor slope. (3) Spaced at not more than 25 foot (762 mm) intervals. (4) On both sides and ends of the pool. (5) Numerals shall be not less than 4 inches (12 mm) in height. (6) Numerals shall contrast with the background they are placed, and be of a durable material that is both weatherresistant and slip resistant where located on the pool deck. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 33

222 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION No Diving. For public swimming pools, where water depths are 5 feet (1524 mm) or less, the universal symbol for No Diving and lettering that states: NO DIVING shall be marked adjacent to the depth markings in accordance with Section The symbol and lettering shall be not less than 4 inches (12 mm) in height; shall contrast with the background it is placed; shall be weather-resistant; and shall be slip-resistant where located on the deck Maximum Bather Load. The maximum bather capacity shall not exceed one bather for each 5 gallons per minute (gpm) (.3 L/s) of water circulated for a public swimming pool Handholds. Handholds shall be provided for swimming pools where the water depth exceeds 24 inches (61 mm). Handholds shall be located not more than 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface, and spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) apart. Handholds shall consist of ladders, steps, gutters, railing, coping, or combination thereof of not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size. Exceptions: (1) Where an underwater seat or bench is installed. (2) Wading pools. (3) Wave pools. 44. Wading Pools General. Wading pools shall be physically separated from the swimming pool area by not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) and a barrier shall be installed to separate the two areas with a height of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) measured from the pool water surface to the top of the barrier Gates. Gates used for ingress or egress of the wading pool shall be self-closing, self-latching, lockable, open outward away from the pool, and not less than the height of the surrounding fence Water Depth. Wading pools and the perimeter water depth shall not exceed 18 inches (457 mm) Walls. Walls of the pool shall be vertical, or not to exceed 11 degrees (.19 rad) from vertical, and such walls shall slope to the floor. Walls shall not exceed 6 inches (152 mm) above the waterline at any point. This section shall not apply to a zero depth entry Markings. Wading pools shall have not less than two depth markers indicating the maximum depth Floor Slope. Floor slope shall be uniform and slope toward the main drain. Part II Spas and Hot Tubs. 45. General Public and Private. Public and private spas and hot tubs shall be installed in accordance with Section through Section Hydrostatic Relief. An approved hydrostatic relief shall be installed on spas and hot tubs built in areas of anticipated high water table Design. Spas and hot tubs shall be designed to withstand anticipated stresses caused by normal usage, climatic, hydrostatic, seismic, geotechnical, and structural conditions Concrete. Where concrete is used for the construction of a spa, it shall be designed in accordance with ACI Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic. Where fiberglass reinforced plastic is used in the construction of a spa, it shall be designed in accordance with IAPMO Z Maximum Water Temperature. The water temperature in a spa or a hot tub shall not exceed 14 o F (4 o C). Devices used to regulate water temperature for electric spas and hot tubs shall be in accordance with UL For gas-fired spas and hot tubs such devices shall comply with CSA Z Water Depth. The water depth of a spa or a hot tub shall not exceed 4 feet (1219 mm). Exception: Specialty spas as approved Maximum Bather Load. The bather load for a public spa or a hot tub shall not exceed 1 bather per 1 square feet (.93 m 2 ) of water surface area Floor Slope. Spa and hot tub floors shall be uniform and slope towards the main drains where present. The floor slope shall not exceed 1 foot (35 mm) in 12 feet (3658 mm) Depth of Seating. The depth of spa or hot tub seating below the water line shall not exceed 26 inches (66 mm) Finishes and Surfaces. Finishes including colors, textures, or patterns shall not prevent an individual from clearly seeing the bottom of a spa or hot tub, or other surfaces or objects located below the water surface. Floor or seat surfaces or other surfaces shall be non-abrasive and slipresistant. Corners and edges shall be rounded and smooth to prevent abrasions and shall be rounded with a minimum 6 inch (152 mm) radius Handholds. Handholds shall be provided for spas and hot tubs. Handholds shall be located not more than 1 foot (35 mm) 6 inches (152 mm) above the water surface, and spaced not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) apart Components. Handholds shall consist of ladders, steps, ledges gutters, railing, coping, or combination thereof of not more than 2 inches (51 mm) in size Markings. There shall be not less than two depth markings at or above the water surface on the vertical wall located on opposite sides of the deck of a public spa. Markings shall be readable from the deck facing the spa, and contrast the surface upon which they are placed. The size of the markings shall not be less than 4 inches (12 mm) in height, and shall be of a durable, weather and slip-resistant material, and indicate the unit of measurements UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

223 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION Ventilation. Where located in the same area as an indoor pool, the space containing a spa or hot tub shall be ventilated in accordance with the requirements in Section Wooden Hot Tubs. Wooden hot tubs, installed below grade, shall have not less than 12 inches (35 mm) of clearance between the outside walls of the tub and the interior wall of a supported sump or pit. Part III Public Facilities and Decks. 46. General Public and Private. Public facilities for swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, or combination thereof shall comply with Section through Section Decks shall comply with Section Accessible Facilities. Where accessible facilities are required in applicable building regulations, such facilities shall be installed in accordance with these regulations. 47. Toilet Facilities General. Public swimming pools (with or without a public spa) shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Occupant Load. Plumbing fixtures shall be provided in accordance with Table 47.2 based on the occupant load. The total occupant load shall be determined in accordance with the building code. Table 47.2 applies to new pools, additions to the pool, and changes of occupancy or type WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON) 5 Male 1: 1-1 2: : 21-4 Female 2: 1-1 4: : : 31-4 Over 4, add 1 fixture for each additional 5 males and 1 for each additional 25 females. TABLE 47.2 MINIMUM NUMBER OF PLUMBING FIXTURES 1 URILS (FIXTURES PER PERSON) 4,5 LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON) 1: 1-2 Male Female Male 2: : 1-1 1: 1-1 1: 1-5 3: : : : : : : : : : Over 6, add 1 fixture for each additional 5 males. 5: Over 75, add 1 fixture for each additional 5 males and 1 fixture for each additional 25 females. in an existing pool resulting in increased occupant load. Separate toilet facilities shall be provided for each sex Family or Assisted-Use Toilet Facilities. Where a separate toilet facility is required for each sex, and each toilet facility is required to have only one water closet, two family or assisted-use toilet facilities shall be permitted in place of the required separate toilet facilities Privacy. Each water closet for the public and employees shall be enclosed by a separate compartment with walls or partitions and a door to ensure privacy Floors. Floors shall be constructed of non-absorbent and slip-resistant material and sloped not less 1 4 inch per foot (2.8 mm) to the floor drains, trench drains, or other approved surface water disposal area Walls. Walls and surrounding areas shall be smooth, moisture resistant finishes throughout Hardware. Single approved soap dispensers (liquid or powder) shall be provided at each lavatory and shower. Paper towel dispensers or air blowers shall be provided at lavatories. Toilet paper dispensers shall be provided at toilets. Diaper changing stations shall be provided in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. 48. Access to Fixtures Public and Employee Use. Fixtures for the public and employees shall be located such that the maximum travel distance shall not exceed 5 feet (152.4 m) from the pool. Restrooms shall be not required where available in adjacent living quarters or adjacent building and shall not exceed 5 feet (152.4 m) in travel distance Installation. Fixtures shall be set level and in proper alignment with reference to adjacent walls. No water closet or SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON) Female 1: 1-5 2: : : Over 2, add 1 fixture for each additional 1 persons. DRINKING FOUNTAINS (FIXTURES PER PERSON) 2,3 1: : : Over 75, add 1 fixture for each additional 25 persons. Notes: 1 Minimum number of fixtures shall be calculated as 5 percent male and 5 percent female. Where information submitted indicates a difference in distribution of the sexes such information shall be used in order to determine the number of fixtures for each sex. 2 Water stations at no cost shall be permitted to be substituted for drinking fountains where drinking water is available at an adjacent building such as bath house, club house, or recreational facility and located within 5 feet (152.4 m) of the pool. 3 Drinking fountains shall not be installed in toilet rooms. 4 For each urinal added in excess of the minimum required, one water closet shall be permitted to be deducted. The number of water closets shall be not reduced to less than two-thirds of the minimum required. 5 Surrounding materials, wall, and floor space to a point 2 feet (61 mm) in front of a water closet or urinal and 4 feet (1219 mm) above the floor, and not less than 2 feet (61 mm) to each side shall be lined with non-absorbent material. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 35

224 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION bidet shall be set closer than 15 inches (381 mm) from its center to a side wall or obstruction, or closer than 3 inches (762 mm) center to center to a similar fixture. The clear space in front of a water closet, lavatory, or bidet shall be not less than 24 inches (61 mm). No urinal shall be set closer than 12 inches (35 mm) from its center to a side wall or partition, and not closer than 24 inches (61 mm) center to center. Installations not covered shall be in accordance with the plumbing code. Exception: The installation of paper dispensers or accessibility grab bars shall be not considered obstructions. 49. Water Closets Application. Water closets shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, CSA B45.5, or IAPMO Z124.4 CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Spuds for water closets and flush valves for water closet tanks shall comply with ASME A /CSA B Water closet bowls for public use shall be of the elongated type Water Consumption Gravity, Pressure Assisted, and Electro-Hydraulic Tank Type Water Closet. Gravity, pressure assisted, and electro-hydraulic tank type wwater closets shall have a maximum flush volume of consumption not to exceed 1.6 gallons (6. Lpf) of water per flush in accordance with ASME A /CSA B45.1 or ASME A The effective flush volume for dual flush water closets shall be defined as the composite, average flush volume of two reduced flushes and one full flush Dual Flush Water Closets. Dual flush water closets shall comply with ASME A The effective flush volume for dual flush water closets shall be defined as the composite, average flush volume of two reduced flushes and one full flush Flushometer Valve Activated Water Closets. Flushometer valve activated water closets shall have a maximum flush volume of not more than 1.6 gallons (6. Lpf) of water per flush in accordance with ASME A /CSA B Water Closet Seats. Water closets shall be equipped with seats and shall be properly sized for the water closet bowl type. Water closet seats shall be of smooth, nonabsorbent material. Water closet seats for public use shall be of the elongated open front type. 41. Urinals Application. Urinals shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, ASME A , CSA B45.5, or IAPMO Z124.9 CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Spuds for urinals and flush valves for urinal tanks shall comply with ASME A /CSA B Water Consumption. Urinals shall have a maximum flush volume of not more than an average water consumption not to exceed 1 gallon (3.8 Lpf) of water per flush in accordance with ASME A /CSA B45.1 or IAPMO Z Nonwater Urinals. Nonwater urinals shall be listed and comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table Nonwater urinals shall have a barrier liquid sealant to maintain a trap seal. Nonwater urinals shall permit the uninhibited flow of waste through the urinal to the sanitary drainage system. Nonwater urinals shall be cleaned and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions after installation. Where nonwater urinals are installed, not less than one water supplied fixture rated at not less than 1 water supply fixture unit (WSFU) shall be installed upstream on the same drain line to facilitate drain line flow and rinsing. Where nonwater urinals are installed they shall have a water distribution line rough-in to the urinal location to allow for the installation of an approved backflow prevention device in the event of a retrofit Lavatories Application. Lavatories shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.2, ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, CSA B45.5, or IAPMO Z124.3 CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Group lavatories 24 lineal inches (61 mm) of wash sink or 18 inches (457 mm) of a circular basin, where provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory Water Consumption. The maximum flow rate for public lavatory faucets (other than metering) shall be.5 gallons per minute (gpm) at 6 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (1.9 L/m at 414 kpa) in accordance with ASME A /CSA B The maximum flow rate for public metering lavatory faucets shall deliver not more than.25 gallons (1. L) per metering cycle in accordance with ASME A /CSA B Limitation of Hot Water Temperature for Public Lavatories. Hot water delivered from public-use lavatories shall be limited to a maximum temperature of 12 F (49 C) by a device that is in accordance with ASSE 17 or CSA B Water heater thermostats shall be not considered a control for meeting this provision. Tempered water shall be permitted to be supplied in lieu of hot and cold water for faucets with a temperature range between 85 F (29 C) and 11 F (43 C) Showers Application. Manufactured shower receptors and shower bases shall comply with ASME A /CSA B45.2, ASME A /CSA B45.1, ASME A /CSA B45.4, or IAPMO Z CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z Water Consumption. Showerheads shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 2.5 gpm at 8 psi (9.5 L/m at 552 kpa), in accordance with ASME A /CSA B Individual Shower and Tub-Shower Combination Control Valves. Showers and tub-shower combinations in buildings shall be provided with individual control valves of the pressure balance, thermostatic, or combination pressure balance/thermostatic mixing valve type that provide UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

225 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION scald and thermal shock protection for the rated flow rate of the installed showerhead. These valves shall be installed at the point of use and in accordance with ASME A /CSA B125.1 or ASSE 116. Gang showers, where supplied with a single temperature-controlled water supply pipe, shall be controlled by a mixing valve that is in accordance with ASSE 169. Handle position stops shall be provided on such valves and shall be adjusted in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions to deliver maximum mixed water setting of 12 F (49 C). The minimum temperature at the shower head shall be not less than 85 F (29 C). The water heater thermostats shall not be considered an approved control for meeting this provision Shower Compartments. Shower compartments, regardless of shape, shall have a finished interior of not less than 124 square inches (.666 m 2 ) and shall be capable of encompassing a 3 inch (762 mm) circle. The minimum required area and dimensions shall be measured at a height equal to the top of the threshold and at a point tangent to its centerline. The area and dimensions shall be maintained to a point of not less than 7 inches (1778 mm) above the shower drain outlet with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or valves, shower head, soap dishes, shelves, and safety grab bars or rails. Fold-down seats in accessible shower stalls shall be permitted to protrude into the 3 inch (762 mm) circle. Exception: Showers that are designed in accordance with ICC A Public Shower Floors. Floors of public shower rooms shall have a nonskid surface and shall be drained in such a manner that wastewater from one bather shall not pass over areas occupied by other bathers. Gutters in public or gang shower rooms shall have rounded corners for easy cleaning and shall be sloped not less than 2 percent toward drains. Drains in gutters shall be spaced not more than 8 feet (2438 mm) from sidewalls and not more than 16 feet (4877 mm) apart Location of Valves and Heads. Control valves and showerheads shall be located on the sidewall of shower compartments, or otherwise arranged, so that the showerhead does not discharge directly at the entrance to the compartment so that the bather can adjust the valve prior to stepping into the shower spray Water Supply Riser. A water supply riser from the shower valve to the showerhead outlet, whether exposed or not, shall be securely attached to the structure Female Hygiene Products General. In public toilet facilities for females, sanitary napkin and tampon dispensers, and receptacles, shall be provided in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Where the Authority Having Jurisdiction does not provide such requirements, not less than one dispenser of sanitary napkins and tampons shall be provided within the toilet facility. A sanitary napkin receptacle, tampon receptacle, or combination of both shall be located in each water closet compartment Drinking Fountains General. Drinking fountains shall comply with NSF 61 and ASME A /CSA B45.2, or ASME A /CSA B45.1, or ASME A /CSA B45.4, and shall be self-closing Floor Drains General. Floor drains shall comply with ASME A , ASME A , or CSA B79 and provide a water-tight joint in the floor. Floor drains shall be installed in toilet facilities containing two or more water closets or a combination of one water closet and one urinal. Floor drains shall be provided with an approved type strainer having a waterway equivalent to the area of the tailpiece and floors shall be sloped to floor drains Hose Bibbs General. Hose bibbs shall be provided at not less than 1 foot (3 48 mm) intervals for flushing down the entire pool area and toilet facilities for cleaning purposes and located such that where hoses are attached shall not constitute a safety hazard. Hose bibbs shall be protected against backflow by an approved vacuum breaker that is in accordance with ASSE 119 or CSA B Lightning Protection Systems General. Public facilities that contain indoor or outdoor swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, or combination thereof shall be equipped with an approved lightning protection system in accordance with NFPA Testing. Lightning protection systems shall be tested periodically in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions Ventilation General. Ventilation shall be provided to an indoor aquatic facility through mechanical ventilation. Aquatic facility ventilation system design, construction, and installation shall comply with the mechanical code. For an aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area located in an aquatic facility, the design outdoor air requirements shall be in accordance with Table and Equation during times when the facility is occupied. Where more than one aquatic venue type, deck, or spectator area is located in an aquatic facility, the outdoor airflow (V bz ) shall be determined for each aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area and added together to obtain the total outdoor airflow (V bz ) required for the facility Design Parameters. The ventilation system shall be designed to maintain the surface temperature of exterior windows and skylights, in the area where an aquatic venue is located, to not less than 5 F (3 C) above the dew point of the area. The ventilation system shall be capable of purging the aquatic facility. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 37

226 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION FACTORS Exhaust Air. Areas where aquatic venues are located shall be provided with a means of exhaust air to maintain a negative pressure of not less than.5 inch water column (.1 kpa), and not more than.15 water column (.4 kpa) Humidity Control. The ventilation system of an indoor aquatic facility shall be designed to maintain a relative humidity of not more than 65 percent when the facility is occupied. The ventilation system shall be designed to maintain air temperatures at not less than 2 F (1 C), and not more than 4 F (2 C), above the water temperature of the aquatic venue, not including aquatic venues that exceed 9 F (32 C) Equipment. Ventilation system equipment shall be located in accordance with Section A permanent data plate or label shall be placed in a readily accessible location upon the equipment which indicates the amount of outdoor air supplied by the equipment Underwater Benches, Seats, and Ledges Underwater Benches and Seats. For public swimming pools, underwater benches or seats, where installed, shall be constructed of slip-resistant materials, and shall be outlined with a color contrasting stripe or other permanent marking of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) or more than 2 inches (51 mm) in width. Underwater benches and seats shall not be located in water depths that exceed 5 feet (1524 mm). The submerged depth of a bench or seat shall not exceed 24 inches (61 mm) measured from the water line. TABLE OUTDOOR AIR REQUIREMENTS FOR AQUATIC FACILITIES AQUATIC VENUE TYPE FLAT WATER 1 AGITATED WATER 2 HOT WATER Underwater Ledges. For public swimming pools, underwater ledges, where installed, shall be constructed of slip-resistant materials; shall be outlined with a color contrasting stripe or other permanent marking of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) or more than 2 inches (51 mm) in width; and have a horizontal tread depth of not more than 4 inches (12 mm). Underwater ledges shall be installed in water depths of not less than 5 feet (1524 mm). 42. Lighting. DECK SPECTATOR AREA R a R p d Notes: 1 Flat Water is an aquatic venue in which the water line is static except for movement made by users (i.e. swimming pools). 2 Agitated Water is an aquatic venue with mechanical means to discharge, spray, or move the water s surface above or below the static water line of the aquatic venue (i.e. leisure rivers and wave pools). 3 Hot Water is an aquatic venue with a water temperature more than 9 F (32 C) (i.e. spas and hot tubs). [Equation 418.1] V bz = A z [R a + (R p /d)] Where: A z = Area of an aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area, (square feet)(m 2 ) d = Average density, square feet (m 2 ) per person in accordance with Table R a = Outdoor airflow rate (cfm)(m 3 /s) required per aquatic venue, deck, or spectator area in accordance with Table R p = Outdoor airflow rate (cfm)(m 3 /s) required per person in accordance with Table V bz = Total outdoor airflow (cfm)(m 3 /s) 42.1 General. Artificial lighting shall be provided at public aquatic venues used at night or at public aquatic venues that do not provide, while in use, natural lighting at levels that are in accordance with Section Lighting shall illuminate all parts of the aquatic venue including water surface area, main drains, depth markings, signage, entrances, safety equipment, decks, and walkways in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Artificial lighting systems shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and NFPA Lighting Levels. Lighting levels for the water surface and deck of an aquatic venue shall be not less than the following: (1) Indoor water surface - 6 horizontal footcandles (646 lx). (2) Outdoor water surface - 1 horizontal footcandles (18 lx). (3) Deck - 1 horizontal footcandles (18 lx) UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

227 DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION 42.3 Underwater Lighting. Underwater lighting shall be provided for an aquatic venue at not less than 6 initial rated lumens per square foot (65 lx) of water surface area except where surface lighting levels are not less than 15 horizontal footcandles (161 lx) for all portions of the aquatic venue. Underwater lighting shall be grounded in accordance with Section Emergency Lighting. Emergency egress lighting shall be provided in accordance with the building code, but not less than.5 footcandles (5.4 lx) Glare. Windows, skylights, and overhead lighting shall be located to avoid glare on the water surface area of an aquatic venue in accordance with the Authority Having Jurisdiction Natatoriums Building Envelope. The building envelope of a natatorium shall incorporate an approved vapor retarder that is sealed around doors, windows, and skylights, and installed in accordance with the building code Interior Finish. The interior finish of a natatorium shall be designed for an indoor relative humidity of not less than 8 percent Doors and Glazing. Doors, windows, and skylights shall be constructed of corrosion- and moldresistant materials. Doors shall be sealed or gasketed, and equipped with self-closing door closers Ducts. Ducts located on the inside of a natatorium shall be corrosion-resistant. Ducts shall be insulated on the exterior of the duct with a mold-resistant material where the surface temperature of the duct is capable of being less than the airstream temperature within the duct Spectator Areas. A spectator area shall be separated from an aquatic venue by a deck of not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) wide. An approved barrier installed in accordance with Section 83., or a demarcation line that is permanently marked on the deck, shall separate the areas of the deck intended for bather and spectator use Decks General. Decks shall be constructed of corrosion resistant material and designed for the anticipated loads. Surfaces shall be non-abrasive, slip-resistant, not subject to microbial growth or deterioration. Where deck boards are used, a gap between boards shall be present and shall not exceed 1 4 of an inch (6.4 mm) for non-wood products and 1 8 of an inch (3.2 mm) for wood. Decks for public swimming pools shall extend continuously around the pool s perimeter including the coping, shall be not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) in unobstructed width, in accordance with Section , and shall be provided flush with the top of the pool shell wall. Decks shall be provided on the sides and rear of diving equipment at public pools and shall be not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) in width. The deck width shall be measured from the poolside edge of the coping lip Public Spas and Hot Tubs. Decks shall be not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) in unobstructed width, in accordance with Section , and shall be flush with the top of the spa or hot tub wall. The deck shall encompass not less than 5 percent of the total perimeter of the spa or hot tub in a continuous manner Deck Drainage. Pool, spa, and hot tub decks shall be constructed to provide drainage from the deck and to prevent standing water. The deck surface shall be sloped not less than 1 4 of an inch per foot (2.8 mm/m) to deck drains or other approved surface disposal areas. The deck surface shall not be drained into the pool, spa, or hot tub, including the perimeter overflow channel or connected to the recirculation system. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 39

228 4 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

229 CHAPTER 5 WATER QUALITY 51. General Applicability. This chapter shall govern the general requirements for water quality, filtration, drainage, overflow systems, and wastewater disposal as they pertain to swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. 52. Sizing for Velocity General. Water piping systems shall not exceed the maximum velocities listed in Section 52.2 through Section or the plumbing code Circulating Piping System. The circulating piping system shall be designed so that the velocity shall not exceed 1 feet per second (ft/s) (3.5 m/s), and the suction pipe system shall not exceed the velocity of 8 ft/s (2.4 m/s). Water velocity in branch suction piping shall not exceed 6 ft/s (1.8 m/s) where one of a pair is blocked. In normal operation, the branch suction piping velocity shall be 3 ft/s (.9 m/s). Other suction piping velocities shall be 6 ft/s (1.8 m/s) for public pools or 8 ft/s (2.4 m/s) for private pools Copper and Copper Alloy Tube Systems. Velocities in copper and copper alloy tube and fitting systems shall not exceed 8 ft/s (2.4 m/s) in cold water and 5 ft/s (1.5 m/s) in hot water Tubing Systems Using Copper Alloy Fittings. Velocities through copper alloy fittings in tubing other than copper shall not exceed 8 ft/s (2.4 m/s) in cold water and 5 ft/s (1.5 m/s) in hot water. Jet inlet fittings shall be excluded from this requirement. 53. Turnover Time General. The entire design of matched components shall have a capacity to provide a complete turnover of pool water in accordance with local and state codes or regulations, and the manufacturer s instructions. Minimum turnover time shall be required as follows: (1) Private pools 12 8 hours or less (2) Public pools 6 hours or less (3) Wading pools 2 1 hours or less (4) Private spas and hot tubs 1 hour or less (5) Public spas and hot tubs 1 2 hour or less (6) Water slides and catch pools 2 hours (7) Wave pools 3 hours (8) Leisure rivers 3 hours (9) Spray grounds 1 2 hour 54. Valves Fullway Valves. Fullway valves shall be installed to ensure functioning of the filtration and piping system in accordance with the approved design, manufacturer s installation instructions, or both Below the Overflow Rim. Where equipment is located below the overflow rim of the pool or spa, valves shall be placed in the circulation piping system to isolate the equipment from the pool or spa Grade. Valves shall not be located below the surrounding grade unless first approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Valves located below the surrounding grade shall be set in a pit with a removable cover approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Check Valves. Where check valves are installed, they shall be of the swing or vertical check patterns Multiport Valves. Where multiport valves are installed, they shall be listed or approved comply with NSF Size. Valves up to and including 2 inches (5 mm) in size shall be brass or other approved material. Sizes exceeding 2 inches (5 mm) shall be permitted to have cast-iron or brass bodies. Each gate or ball valve shall be a fullway-type with working parts of non-corrosive material. Valves carrying water used in potable water systems intended to supply drinking water shall meet the requirements of NSF 61 as referenced in Table Water Supply Inlets and Connections Vacuum Breakers Water Supply Inlets. Water supply inlets to swimming pools, where protected by an approved vacuum breaker, shall have such device installed on the discharge side of the last valves with the critical level not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the overflow rim of such equipment. Water supply inlets not protected by vacuum breakers shall be installed not less than two pipe diameters, but in no case less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the overflow rim of such swimming pool. No over-the-rim fill spout shall be installed unless it is located under a diving board or is guarded Backflow Protection. Potable water supply to swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be protected by an airgap or a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer in accordance with the following: (1) The unit is equipped with a submerged fill line. (2) The potable water supply is directly connected to the unit circulation system. Water supply inlets to swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be protected by one of the following means: (1) An approved air gap. (2) A vacuum breaker installed on the discharge side of the last valve with the critical level not less than 6 inches (152 mm) or in accordance with its listing. (3) A backflow preventer suitable for the contamination or pollution, installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and the plumbing code. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 41

230 WATER QUALITY Manual Override. Automatic fresh water makeup control valves shall be provided with manual override Water Supply Connections. Water supply connections to equipment, appliances, or appurtenances shall be protected as provided for in the plumbing code. 56. Filters General. Filters and filter media shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with NSF 5. The maximum design flow rate for filter operation, with alternate media, shall comply with Section 56.2 through Section 56.5, or the filter media manufacturer s instructions Rapid Sand Filters. Rapid sand filters, having shall have a flow rate of up not to exceed 5 gallons per minute (gpm) per square foot (24 L/m/m 2 ) for private applications and 3 gpm per square foot (122 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications shall be constructed in accordance with approved standards. The circulation system and backwash piping shall be provided for backwashing of sand filter and backwash flow rates of not less than gpm per square foot ( L/m/m 2 ) High-Rate Sand Filters. High rate sand filters, having shall have a flow rate of up not to exceed 2 gpm per square foot (815 L/m/m 2 ) shall be of an approved type for private applications and 15 gpm per square foot (61 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications, or the filter media manufacturer s instructions. The circulation system and backwash piping shall be provided for backwashing of sand filter and backwash flow rates of not less than gpm per square foot ( L/m/m 2 ) Diatomite Type Filters. Diatomite type filters shall be designed for operation under pressure or vacuum. The design capacity flow rate shall not exceed 2.5 gpm per square foot (12 L/m/m 2 ) for private applications and 2 gpm per square foot (81 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications of effective filter area. Provision shall be provided to introduce filter aid into pressure filters through the skimmer or precoat pot Cartridge Filters. Cartridge filters shall be constructed in accordance with approved standards. Such filters shall be designed for pressure or vacuum applications. The designed flow rate for surface-type cartridge filters shall not exceed 1 gpm per square foot (41 L/m/m 2 ) for private use applications or and.375 gpm per square foot (15 L/m/m 2 ) for public use applications. The designed flow rate for depth-type cartridge filters shall not exceed 8 gpm per square foot (325 L/m/m 2 ) for private applications and 3 gpm per square foot (122 L/m/m 2 ) for public applications Operating Instructions. Filter systems shall be provided with written operating instructions Pressure Filter System. The pressure filter system shall be equipped with the following: (1) An influent pressure gauge. (2) An effluent pressure gauge for public use. (3) A means for air relief at the top of each filter. (4) A backwash sight glass shall be installed adjacent to the backwash discharge outlet to the receptor where not visible from the backwash control valve. (5) A means to drain the tank. Exception: A backwash sight glass for cartridge filters. 57. Chemical Feed Equipment Chlorinators General. Gas chlorinators, where used, shall be listed. Where required for public aquatic facilities, chemical feed equipment shall comply with NSF 5. Such equipment shall be sized and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions, and shall comply with Section through Section Chlorine Equipment Design. The chlorine equipment Chemical feed equipment shall be of a design capable of withstanding wear without developing leaks. Chemical feed equipment shall be designed to supply disinfectant and ph control chemicals to an aquatic venue at the levels required in accordance with this code. Chemicals shall be introduced into an aquatic venue downstream of the filtration system, and the equipment shall not permit backflow into the chemical feed equipment or components Interlocked. Where not specified elsewhere in this code, chemical feed equipment shall be interlocked electrically with not less than two of the following: (1) Recirculation pump (2) Flow meter and switch in the return line (3) Chemical controller and paddle wheel (4) Flow cell on the chemical controller System Control. Chemical feed equipment shall be provided with an automatic controller to power on and off the equipment. Chemical controllers shall comply with NSF 5, and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Ventilation. A separate ventilation system shall be provided for each enclosed room or space where chemical feed equipment is located at not less than 6 air changes per hour of outdoor air. The exhaust intake of the ventilation system shall be taken within 6 inches (152 mm) of the floor, and located on the opposite side of the room or space from the outdoor air intake. Exhaust air shall be discharged above grade level to the outdoors, and shall discharge not less than 1 feet (348 mm) from an operable opening or adjacent building. Outdoor air intake shall be provided within 6 inches (152 mm) of the ceiling Gas Chlorinators Chlorinator Design. The chlorinator shall be designed to prevent the backflow of UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

231 WATER QUALITY water into the chlorine solution container Ventilation The cchlorine and chlorinating equipment shall be located in a separate well-ventilated room located at or aboveground level. In addition, vents in the ceiling and at floor level that terminate to the outside, shall be provided with a motor-driven exhaust fan, capable of producing not less than 1 air exchange per minute and that draws air from floor level. Electric motor operated chlorinators shall comply with UL 181 and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Storage. Chlorine cylinders, including empty cylinders, shall be stored and secured in an upright position Shut Off. A valve wrench shall be installed on the chlorine cylinder valve so the supply can be shut off in the case of an emergency. Valve protection hoods shall be in place except where the cylinder is connected Chlorine Feeding Device Design. The chlorine feeding device shall be designed so that during accidents or interruptions of the chlorinator booster pump leaking chlorine gas shall be conducted to the outdoors Type of Feeding Device. The feeding device shall be a solution feed type, capable of delivering chlorine at its maximum rate without releasing chlorine gas to the atmosphere Interlocked Protection Against Gas Siphoning. Gas-type chlorinators shall have protection against siphoning of gas into the recirculation system. The booster pump shall be interlocked electrically with the recirculation pump to prevent operation of the booster pump where recirculation system is not operating. The recirculating pump and chlorine booster pump motor controls shall be interlocked electrically so that the booster pump shall not operate where the recirculating pump is off, or during the backwash cycle. Connections shall not be made to an external water supply for chlorinator operation Scale. A scale for determining weight of chlorine shall be provided. 58. Primary Disinfection General. Chemicals for a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall be dispensed in accordance with the chemical manufacturer s instructions, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), and applicable standards and regulations. Parameters for chemicals used within a swimming pool, spa, and hot tub shall be in accordance with Table Secondary Disinfection Systems General. Secondary disinfection systems shall comply with NSF 5, and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Where Required. A secondary disinfection system shall be provided for public wading pools, catch pools, spray grounds, and therapy pools System Design. Secondary disinfection systems shall be designed to achieve not less than a 3-log (99.9 percent) reduction in the number of infective cryptosporidium parvum oocysts per pass through the system in accordance with NSF Approved Systems. Secondary disinfection shall be provided by an ultraviolet light (UV) system or ozone system Ultraviolet Light (UV) Systems. Where used, ultraviolet light (UV) systems shall be installed in the recirculation system downstream of the filters and water heating equipment, and upstream of the halogen feed location and ph chemical feed equipment Maintenance. A bypass pipe that is valved on both ends shall be installed on the UV equipment to permit servicing while the aquatic venue is in operation Interlocked. The UV system shall be interlocked electrically with the recirculation pump, and UV equipment shall be provided with calibrated sensors in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Strainer. An inline strainer shall be installed downstream of the UV system Warning. Where the UV system shuts down, an approved visual alarm shall be installed to alert facility staff Ozone Systems. Where used, ozone system side-stream loop shall be installed in the recirculation system downstream of the filters and the water heating equipment, and upstream of the halogen feed location and ph chemical feed equipment Oxidation Reduction Potential. Ozone generating equipment shall be equipped with an approved oxidation reduction potential (ORP) monitor/controller. The ORP of the ozone system shall be not less than 6 mv, and not more than 9 mv where measured after the ozone sidestream remixes into the recirculation system and upstream of the halogen feed location and ph chemical feed equipment Gas Leak. An ambient ozone gas monitor/controller shall be installed in the equipment room where the ozone system is located Interlocked. The ozone system shall be interlocked electrically with the recirculation pump or automated feature supply valves Warning. Where the ORP reading for the ozone system drops below 6 mv, approved audible and visual alarms shall be installed to alert facility staff. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 43

232 WATER QUALITY TABLE A WATER CHEMISTRY PARAMETER ACCEPTABLE RANGE Calcium hardness 2 4 parts per million (ppm) Combined chlorine -.3 ppm Cyanuric acid ppm (indoors) 1 3 ppm (outdoors) Free chlorine ppm (pools) or as needed to maintain a 75 millivolt (mv) ORP ppm (spas and hot tubs) or as needed to maintain a 75 mv ORP Hydrogen peroxide 3 4 ppm or as needed to maintain a 75 mv ORP Langelier Saturation Index (+ or -.3 acceptable) Metals (iron, copper, and manganese).2 ppm Nitrates < 1 ppm ORP 65 mv (private) 75-9 mv (public) Ozone Generator output shall equal 4 6 percent ozone by weight concentration. Slip stream shall be percent. ORP shall be > 85 mv. ph PHMB 3 5 ppm Phosphates ppm Salinity (electrolytic cells) 25 6 ppm Ryznar Stability Index Sulfates < 25 ppm TDS < 15 ppm Total alkalinity 8 12 ppm Total bromine ppm or as needed to maintain a 75 mv ORP (2.25 times the equivalent amount of chlorine) Total chlorine Not more than.2 ppm higher than free chlorine Turnover time 14 gallons per day (gal/d) for each anticipated bather per day Ultraviolet light.6.1 watt seconds per square centimeter (W s/cm 2 ) For SI Units: 1 parts per million = 1 mg/l, 1 millivolt =.1 V, 1 gallon per day =.438 L/s, 1 watt second per square centimeter = 1 J/m Surface Skimmers and Perimeter Overflow Systems Listed 51.1 General. Swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be provided with a listed surface skimmer(s) in accordance with NSF 5 or a perimeter overflow system, or a combination thereof. Exception: Spas constructed with a circulation piping system that is common to a swimming pool, and having a design that provides for skimming of the spa into the swimming pool, shall be permitted as meeting this requirement without an additional skimmer required Surface Skimmers. Listed ssurface skimmers, where used in lieu of a perimeter overflow system, shall be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. For public pools, spas, or hot tubs, there shall be not less than one skimmer for each 5 square feet (46.45 m 2 ) of surface area, or fraction thereof. For private pools, spas, or hot tubs, there shall be not less than one skimmer for each 9 8 square feet ( m 2 ) of surface area or fraction thereof. For public and private spas and hot tubs, there shall be not less than one skimmer for each 1 square feet (9.29 m 2 ) of surface area or fraction thereof. In public pools, not less than 75 percent of the turnover rate through the surface skimmers shall be provided Perimeter Overflow Systems. A perimeter overflow system shall comply with Section through Section Required. The overflow system shall be built into the walls and extend around the pool except where steps require interruption Channel Slope. The overflow channel shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm) deep, the section shall not diverge with depth, and the width of the bottom shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm). The opening into the overflow system shall be not less than 4 inches (12 mm) beneath the coping in a direction measured radially from the inner edge of the overflow channel lip Channel Lip. The overflow channel lip shall not exceed 12 inches (35 mm) below the level of the deck. The lip edge shall be rounded and shall not UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

233 WATER QUALITY be thicker than inches (64 mm) nor thinner than 1 inch (25.4 mm) from the top 2 inches (51 mm) Channel Covering. Covered overflow channels shall be permitted, provided a bather cannot enter it or get his arms or legs caught in the cover Channel Outlets. Overflow channel outlets shall be not less than inches (38 mm) in diameter, spaced not more than 15 feet (4572 mm) apart and the channel bottom slope to the drain shall be not less than 1 4 inch per foot (2.8 mm/m). Other drain spacing or channel bottom slope shall be permitted where hydraulically designed in accordance with acceptable engineering principals Channel Outlet Covers. Overflow channel outlets shall be provided with a clear opening area in the grating not less than one-fifth times the cross-sectional area of the outlet required in Section Overflow Drain Piping. Overflow drain piping shall provide drainage of the overflow system, carry overflow water to a surge storage chamber, and establish hydraulic equilibrium in the pool and return to skimming not less than 1 minutes after being flooded by a sudden large use of the pool by bathers Surge Storage Capacity. A perimeter overflow system shall be provided with a surge storage of not less than 1 gallon per square foot (41 L/m 2 ) of pool water surface area. Surge storage shall be permitted in the perimeter overflow channel, the overflow water drain piping returning to the surge chamber, and in the surge chamber Surge Flow Control. Automatic water flow controls with a manual override provision shall be provided to maintain the approved operating pool water level. The top of the channel lip shall not exceed 1 4 inch (6.4 mm) from the lowest point to the highest point Overflow Drains. Where overflow drains are provided, they shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of the Authority Having Jurisdiction Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Suction Outlets General. Pool, spa, or hot tub suction outlets shall be listed to standards for anti-body and hair entrapment shall comply in accordance with APSP Skimmer. A listed skimmer with a bottom outlet shall be installed on the filtration suction line. The filtration suction line shall be connected to a second outlet to relieve suction in the event blockage occurs Suction Cleaner Device Outlets. Suction cleaner device outlets shall remain covered where not in use so as not to pose an entrapment hazard Safety Vacuum Release Systems. Swimming pool, spa, or hot tub vacuum release circulation systems shall comply with ASME A , and shall be listed and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions ASME A Return Inlets. Return inlets shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Return inlets shall not have sharp edges or present a hazard to bathers. Swimming pool, spa, and hot tub return inlets shall be sized based on the required turnover rates in accordance with Section 53.1, and shall be located in accordance with Section and Section Swimming Pools. Where floor return inlets are used, the distance between inlets shall be not more than 2 feet (696 mm). Floor return inlets shall be located not more than 15 feet (4572 mm) from adjacent walls. Floor return inlets shall be installed flush. Where wall return inlets are used, the distance between inlets shall be not more than 2 feet (696 mm). A wall return inlet shall be located not more than 5 feet (1524 mm) from each corner of a pool. Where a swimming pool is more than 5 feet (15 24 mm) wide, a combination of floor and wall return inlets shall be installed Spas and Hot Tubs. Not less than two equally spaced return inlets shall be installed in a spa or hot tub. The circulation system shall be separate from the hydrojet booster pump system Wastewater Disposal General. Waste shall be disposed of as set forth in this section and the type of disposal proposed shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, prior to the commencement of work. A means of disposal of the total contents of the pool (periodic emptying) without surface runoff shall be established to the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction Direct Connection. No direct connection shall be made between a storm drain, sewer, drainage system, seepage pit, underground leaching pit, or subsoil drainage line, and a line connected to a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub Traps. Where the wastewater is to be disposed of through a public sewer, not less than a 3 inch (8 mm) P-trap shall be installed. Such drains shall be not installed in patios, floors, or sidewalks. The tailpiece from the trap shall extend not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above finished grade and below finished floor grade. Traps need not be vented where located on the exterior of the building. The connection between the filter waste discharge piping and the P-trap shall be made by means of an airgap. Plans and specifications for a deviation from the above manner of installation shall first be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction before a portion of such system is installed. Where wastewater is discharged to a 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 45

234 WATER QUALITY seepage pit installation, it shall be installed in accordance with the approval granted by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Availability of a Public Sewer or Storm Drain. Except as provided in Section , where a public sewer or storm drain of adequate capacity is available for use, wastewater shall be discharged there into and permission shall be obtained in writing from the Authority Having Jurisdiction to do so. A copy of such permission stating the maximum size of the waste line between the receptor and the sewer, and other specific requirements shall accompany the application for a permit made to the Authority Having Jurisdiction Used for Irrigation. Where space and conditions are such that no hazard, nuisance, or insanitary condition is evidenced, wastewater shall be permitted to be used for irrigation by surface or subsurface spreading Drywells. Where no other means of wastewater disposal is available, a drywell shall be permitted to be installed. Each such drywell shall be constructed in the manner prescribed for cesspools in the plumbing code, and drywells receiving only filter backwash shall have a capacity of not less than twice the amount of effluent discharged during one normal backwash operation, but shall in no case have less than a 5 foot (1524 mm) vertical sidewall. The size and leaching capacity of such dry well shall be proportionately increased to the satisfaction of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. No wastewater, other than that from a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub, shall discharge into such drywell, and no wastewater from a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall discharge into a private sewage disposal system Separation Tank. A separation tank of an approved type shall be permitted to be used in lieu of the forementioned means of wastewater disposal where connected as a reclamation system. A relief valve shall be installed on each such separation tank to relieve pressure where the filters are serviced Deck Drain Piping Materials Located in the Interior of a Building. Deck drain piping placed within the interior of a building shall be in accordance with the applicable standards referenced in Table 35.1, or other approved materials Located from the Exterior of a Building. Deck drain piping commencing 2 feet (61 mm) from the exterior of a building shall be permitted to be of any approved material Protection from Damage. Deck drain piping installed in locations where subjected to damage shall be protected Concealed Locations. Deck drains and overflow drains where concealed within the construction of the building shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of this code for testing drain, waste, and vent systems Strainers. Deck strainers shall be of an approved flat-surface type that is level with the deck. Such drains shall have an inlet area not less than two times the area of the pipe to which the drain is connected UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

235 CHAPTER 6 EQUIPMENT 61. General Applicability. This chapter shall govern the general requirements for equipment, pumps, diving equipment and slides as they pertain to swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. 62. Installation Requirements Accessibility and Clearances General Location of Equipment. Equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Equipment shall be so installed within the space it is located so as to provide ready accessibility for cleaning, operating, maintenance, and servicing. Equipment shall be so located that tthe equipment controls are shall not be capable of being accessed by unauthorized personnel. Equipment, unless designed for outdoor installation, shall be protected against the weather in an approved manner or installed within an enclosed room in accordance with Section Equipment Foundations and Enclosures General. Mechanical eequipment installed outdoors shall be supported on a level concrete or other approved base designed to handle the anticipated loads., and such base Equipment installed at ground level shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the adjoining ground level. Piping, equipment, and appurtenances shall be secured in accordance with the requirements of this code, the manufacturer s installation instructions, and as approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Heating and electrical equipment, unless approved for outdoor installation, shall be adequately protected against the weather or installed within a building. Enclosed equipment rooms shall be adequately ventilated Marking. Equipment, piping, valves, and system components shall be marked in an approved manner to identify their function. System piping shall indicate direction of flow Equipment Rooms or Enclosures. Floors shall be constructed of concrete or other nonabsorbent material in accordance with the building code, and shall be provided with an approved means of drainage in accordance with the plumbing code. Enclosed equipment rooms shall be ventilated in accordance with the mechanical code. Combustion, HVAC, and electrical equipment shall not be located in the same room used for chemical storage, or exposed to chemical fumes or vapors Indoor Access. Where access to an equipment room is made through an aquatic facility, a door shall be installed. The door shall be equipped with an automatic closer and lock, and a gasket or other approved means to prevent passage of air, fumes, or vapors. The floor of the equipment room shall be sloped away from the door to the aquatic facility. 63. Electrical Systems General. The design, installation, alteration, modification, construction, maintenance, and testing of electrical systems and equipment associated with a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub shall comply with NFPA Pumps General. Pumps and strainers shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and shall comply with NSF Strainers. Circulating pumps shall be equipped with an approved-type hair and lint strainer on the inlet side where used in conjunction with pressure filters. Pumps used with vacuum filters do not require strainers except where filter elements are removed for cleaning Base. Pumps shall be mounted on a substantial base in a manner that will eliminate strain on piping and isolate pump vibration Design Capacity. Pumps shall have design capacity at the following heads: (1) Pressure Diatomite Type - not less than 6 feet ( mm) (2) Vacuum Diatomite Type - 2 inches (58 mm) vacuum on the suction side and 4 feet ( mm) total head (3) Rapid Sand - not less than 45 feet ( mm) (4) High-Rate Sand - not less than 6 feet ( mm) (5) Cartridge - not less than 5 feet (15 24 mm) 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 47

236 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

237 CHAPTER 7 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT AND VENTS 71. General Applicability. The regulations of this chapter shall govern the construction, location, and installation of fuelburning water heating equipment or boilers specifically designed and listed for swimming pool, spa, or hot tub service, together with chimneys, vents, and their connectors. This chapter also provides provisions for water heating equipment that utilize energy from other sources besides fuel gas. Design, construction, and workmanship shall comply with accepted engineering practices, manufacturer s instructions, and applicable standards and shall be of such character as to secure the results sought to be obtained by this code. No water heating equipment shall be hereinafter installed that does not comply with the type of model of each size thereof, approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. For the convenience of users of this code, a list of generally accepted gas equipment standards are referenced in Table Permits General. It shall be unlawful for a person to install, remove, or replace or cause to be installed, removed, or replaced a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub water heating equipment without first obtaining a permit from the Authority Having Jurisdiction to do so Reconditioned Equipment. Except where reconditioned by the manufacturer or his approved agent in accordance with its original approval requirements and reinstalled at its original location, each reconditioned water heating equipment or hot water boiler shall be tested for safety and conformity to approved standards, and shall bear the label of an approved testing agency, certifying and attesting that such equipment has been tested and inspected and meets the requirements of applicable standards. Such label shall also state clearly that the water heating equipment has been reconditioned and shall give the name and address of the reconditioner. A person applying for a permit to install a used or reconditioned water heating equipment shall clearly state on his application for permit that such equipment is used or reconditioned. 73. Inspections Inspection of Chimneys or Vents. This inspection shall be made after chimneys, vents or parts thereof, authorized by the permit, have been installed and before such vent or part thereof has been covered or concealed Final Water Heating Equipment Inspection. This inspection shall be made after work authorized by the permit has been installed. The Authority Having Jurisdiction will make such inspection as deemed necessary to be assured that the work has been installed in accordance with the intent of this code. No appliance or part thereof shall be covered or concealed until the same has been inspected and approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction Gas-Fired Water Heating Equipment Approval Requirements General. Gas-fired water heating equipment for swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs shall comply with CSA Z The water heating equipment shall bear the label of a recognized testing agency. Gas-fired water heating equipment shall be installed and vented, and combustion air shall be provided, in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and the mechanical code. 74. Water Heating Equipment Requirements General. Water heating equipment of other than the direct-vent type shall be located as close as practical to the chimney or gas vent Clearance Listed Water Heating Equipment. The clearances shall not be such as to interfere with combustion air, draft hood clearance and relief, and accessibility for servicing. Listed water heating equipment shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Unlisted Water Heating Equipment. Unlisted gas-fired water heating equipment shall be installed with a clearance of 12 inches (35 mm) all on all sides and rear. Combustible floors under unlisted water heating equipment shall be protected in an approved manner. [NFPA 54: ] Pressure-Limiting Devices. A water heating equipment installation shall be provided with overpressure protection by means of an approved, listed device installed in accordance with the terms of its listing and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:1.28.3] Temperature-Limiting Devices. A water heating equipment installation or a hot water storage vessel installation shall be provided with over temperature protection by means of an approved, listed device installed in accordance with the terms of its listing and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:1.28.4] Temperature, Pressure, and Vacuum Relief Devices. The installation of temperature, pressure, and vacuum relief devices or combinations thereof, and automatic gas shutoff devices, shall comply with the terms of their listings and the manufacturer s installation instructions. A shutoff valve shall not be placed between the relief valve and the water heating equipment or on discharge pipes between such valves and the atmosphere. The hourly British thermal units (Btu) (kw h) discharge capacity or the rated steam relief capacity of the device shall be not less than the input rating of the water heating equipment. [NFPA 54:1.28.5] 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 49

238 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT Other Types of Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Water Heating Equipment General. Water heating equipment deriving heat from fuels or types of energy other than gas shall be listed and installed in accordance with approved standards. Vents or chimneys for such appliances shall be approved types. An adequate supply of air for combustion and for adequate ventilation of heater rooms or compartments shall be provided. Each such appliance shall be installed in a location approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction and local and state fire-prevention agencies Safety Devices. Storage-type water heating equipment and hot water boilers deriving heat from fuels or types of energy other than gas, shall be provided with, in addition to the primary temperature controls, an over temperature safety protection device constructed, listed, and installed in accordance with nationally recognized applicable standards for such devices and a combination temperature and pressurerelief valve Oil-Fired Water Heating Equipment. Oilfired water heating equipment shall be installed in accordance with NFPA Solar Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Water Heating Equipment. Where solar technology is used to heat a swimming pool, spa, or hot tub it shall be installed in accordance with the Uniform Solar Energy and Hydronics Code and the manufacturer s installation instructions Electric Water Heating Equipment. Electric water heating equipment for pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be installed in accordance comply with UL 1261 or UL 1563 and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Exception: Electric water heating equipment for self-contained spas that comply with UL Heat Pump Water Heating Equipment. Heat pump equipment used in the heating of a pool, spa, or hot tub shall comply with UL Installation Requirements for Water Heating Equipment Condensation. To prevent excessive condensation, the water heating equipment shall be installed with a manual or automatic bypass installed between the inlet and outlet piping of the water heating equipment, unless the water heating equipment is constructed with an automatic bypass Check Valve. A check valve shall be installed between the filter and water heating equipment system to prevent reverse flow of water where the pump cycles off. In systems designed to prevent damage from backflow, the foregoing is not required Inlet and Outlet Piping. Unless otherwise listed, inlet and outlet piping between the check valve and the water heating equipment base shall be metallic or of other listed materials in accordance with the water heating equipment manufacturer s recommendations Pit Installation. Where the water heating equipment is installed in a pit, the pit shall be provided with approved drainage facilities Unions. Unions shall be installed in the water supply piping not more than 12 inches (35 mm) of regulating equipment, water heating, conditioning tanks, and similar equipment that requires service by removal or replacement in a manner that will facilitate its ready removal Valves. Where swimming pool, spa, or hot tub heating equipment is installed with a shutoff valve between the outlet of the heater and the pool, spa or hot tub, a pressure relief valve shall be installed on the discharge side of the water heating equipment. For units up to and including 2 British thermal units per hour (Btu/h) (58.6 kw) input, the relief valve shall be listed, and for inputs exceeding 2 Btu/h (58.6 kw), the valve shall be ASME rated. Relief valves located inside a building shall be provided with a drain, not smaller than the relief valve outlet, of galvanized steel, hard-drawn copper piping and fittings, CPVC, or listed relief valve drain tube with fittings that will not reduce the internal bore of the pipe or tubing (straight lengths as opposed to coils) and shall extend from the valve to the outside of the building, with the end of the pipe not more than 2 feet (61 mm) nor less than 6 inches (152 mm) aboveground or the flood level of the area receiving the discharge and pointing downward. Such drains shall be permitted to terminate at other approved locations. Relief valve drains shall not terminate in a building s crawl space. No part of such drain pipe shall be trapped or subject to freezing. The terminal end of the drain pipe shall not be threaded Relief Valve Discharge. Discharge from a relief valve into a water heating equipment pan shall be prohibited Dielectric Insulator. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall have the authority to require the use of an approved dielectric insulator on the water piping connections of water heating equipment and related water heating appliances Seismic Provisions. In seismic design categories C, D, E, and F, water heating equipment shall be anchored or strapped to resist horizontal displacement due to earthquake motion. Strapping shall be at points within the upper one-third and lower one-third of its vertical dimensions. At the lower point, a distance of not less than 4 inches (12 mm) shall be maintained from the controls with the strapping. Exception: Non storage-type water heating equipment shall be permitted to be anchored at the base in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer s installation instructions and the approval of the Authority Having Jurisdiction Ground Support. Water heating equipment supported from the ground shall rest on level concrete or other approved base extending not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the adjoining ground level Drainage Pan. Where water heating equipment is located in an attic, in or on an attic-ceiling assembly, floor-ceiling assembly, or floor-subfloor assembly where damage results from leaking water heating equipment, a watertight pan of corrosion-resistant materials shall be installed beneath the water heating equipment with not less than 3 4 of an inch (2 mm) diameter drain to an approved location. Such pan shall be not less than 1 1 / 2 inches (38 mm) in depth UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

239 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT Physical Damage. Appliances installed in garages, warehouses, or other areas subject to mechanical damage shall be guarded against such damage by being installed behind protective barriers or by being elevated or located out of the normal path of vehicles. 78. Air for Combustion and Ventilation General. Air for combustion, ventilation, and dilution of flue gases for appliances installed in buildings shall be obtained by application of one of the methods covered in Section through Section Where infiltration does not provide the necessary air, outdoor air shall be introduced in accordance with methods covered in Section 78.4 through Section Exception: This provision shall not apply to direct-vent appliances. [NFPA 54: ] Other Types of Equipment. Gas water heating equipment for swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs of other than natural draft design and other than Category I vented appliances shall be provided with combustion, ventilation, and dilution air in accordance with the appliance manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Draft Hood and Regulators. Where used, a draft hood or a barometric draft regulator shall be installed in the same room or enclosure as the appliance served so as to prevent a difference in pressure between the hood or regulator and the combustion air supply. [NFPA 54: ] Makeup Air. Makeup air requirements for the operation of swimming pool, spa, or hot tub water heating equipment shall be considered in determining the adequacy of a space to provide combustion air requirements Indoor Combustion Air. The required volume of indoor air shall be determined in accordance with Section or Section except that where the air infiltration rate is known to be less than.4 ACH (air change per hour), Section shall be used. The total required volume shall be the sum of the required volume calculated for appliances located within the space. Rooms communicating directly with the space in which the water heating equipment is installed through openings not furnished with doors, and through combustion air openings sized and located in accordance with Section 78.3 are considered a part of the required volume. [NFPA 54:9.3.2] Standard Method. The required volume shall be not less than 5 cubic feet per 1 British thermal units per hour Btu/h (4.83 m 3 /kw). [NFPA 54: ] Known Air Infiltration Rate Method. Where the air infiltration rate of a structure is known, the minimum required volume shall be determined as follows [NFPA 54: ]: (1) For water heating equipment having other than fanassisted combustion systems, calculate using Equation (1). [NFPA 54: (1)] (2) For fan-assisted combustion system water heating equipment, calculate using Equation (2). [NFPA 54: (2)] FIGURE 78.3 COMBUSTION AIR FROM ADJACENT INDOOR SPACES THROUGH INDOOR COMBUSTION AIR OPENINGS [NFPA 54: FIGURE A (1)] (3) For puposes of this calculation, an infiltration rate greater than.6 ACH shall not be used in the equations. [NFPA 54: (3)] [Equation (1)] Required volume other (21 ft 3 /ACH) x (I other /1 Btu/h) [Equation (2)] Required volume fan (15 ft 3 /ACH) x (I fan /1 Btu/h) Where: I other = Water heating equipment other than fan-assisted input in Btu/h I fan = Fan-assisted water heating equipment input in Btu/h ACH = Air change per hour (percent of volume of space exchanged per hour, expressed as a decimal) For SI units: 1 cubic foot =.283m 3, 1 British thermal units per hour =.293 kw 78.3 Indoor Opening Size and Location. Openings used to connect indoor spaces shall be sized and located in accordance with the following: (1) Each opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 1 Btu/h (.2 m 2 /kw) of the total input rating of appliances in the space, but not less than 1 square inches (.65 m 2 ). One opening shall commence within 12 inches (35 mm) of the top, and one 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 51

240 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT FIGURE 78.4(1) COMBUSTION AIR FROM OUTDOORS INLET AIR FROM VENTILATED CRAWL SPACE AND OUTLET AIR TO VENTILATED ATTIC [NFPA 54: FIGURE A (1)(a)] FIGURE 78.4(3) COMBUSTION AIR FROM OUTDOORS THROUGH HORIZONTAL DUCTS [NFPA 54: FIGURE A (2)] For SI units: 1 foot = 34.8 mm FIGURE 78.4(2) COMBUSTION AIR FROM OUTDOORS THROUGH VENTILATED ATTIC [NFPA 54: FIGURE A (1)(b)] FIGURE COMBUSTION AIR FROM OUTDOORS THROUGH SINGLE COMBUSTION AIR OPENING [NFPA 54: FIGURE A ] UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

241 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT opening shall commence within 12 inches (35 mm) of the bottom of the enclosure (see Figure 78.3). The dimension of air openings shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm). (2) The volumes of spaces in different stories shall be considered as communicating spaces where such spaces are connected by one or more openings in doors or floors having a total free area of not less than 2 square inches per 1 Btu/h (.4 m 2 /kw) of total input rating of appliances. [NFPA 54: ] 78.4 Outdoor Combustion Air. Outdoor combustion air shall be provided through opening(s) to the outdoors in accordance with Section or Section The dimension of air openings shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm). [NFPA 54:9.3.3] Two Permanent Openings Method. Two permanent openings, one commencing within 12 inches (35 mm) of the top and one commencing within 12 inches (35 mm) of the bottom of the enclosure shall be provided. The openings shall communicate directly, or by ducts, with the outdoors or spaces that freely communicate with the outdoors, as follows: (1) Where directly communicating with the outdoors or where communicating to the outdoors through vertical ducts, each opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 4 Btu/h (.5 m 2 /kw) of total input rating of appliances in the enclosure. [See Figure 78.4(1) and Figure 78.4(2)] (2) Where communicating with the outdoors through horizontal ducts, each opening shall have a free area of not less than 1 square inch per 2 Btu/h (.1 m 2 /kw) of total input rating of appliances in the enclosure. [See Figure 78.4(3)] [NFPA 54: ] One Permanent Opening Method. One permanent opening, commencing within 12 inches (35 mm) of the top of the enclosure, shall be provided. The appliance shall have clearances of not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) from the sides and back and 6 inches (152 mm) from the front of the appliance. The opening shall directly communicate with the outdoors or shall communicate through a vertical or horizontal duct to the outdoors or spaces that freely communicate with the outdoors (see Figure ) and shall have a minimum free area of the following: (1) One square inch per 3 Btu/h (.7 m 2 /kw) of the total input rating of appliances located in the enclosure, and (2) Not less than the sum of the areas of vent connectors in the space. [NFPA 54: ] 78.5 Combination Indoor and Outdoor Combustion Air. The use of a combination of indoor and outdoor combustion air shall be in accordance with Section through Section [NFPA 54:9.3.4] Indoor Openings. Where used, openings connecting the interior spaces shall be in accordance with Section [NFPA 54:9.3.4(1)] Outdoor Openings. Outdoor openings shall be located in accordance with Section or Section [NFPA 54:9.3.4(2)] Outdoor Openings Size. The outdoor openings size shall be calculated in accordance with the following: (1) The ratio of interior spaces shall be the volume of communicating spaces divided by the required volume. (2) The outdoor size reduction factor shall be one minus the ratio of interior spaces. (3) The minimum size of outdoor openings shall be the full size of outdoor openings calculated in accordance with Section or Section , multiplied by the reduction factor. The dimension of air openings shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm). [NFPA 54:9.3.4(3)] 78.6 Engineered Installations. Engineered combustion air installations shall provide a supply of combustion, ventilation, and dilution air that is approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:9.3.5] 78.7 Mechanical Combustion Air Supply. Where combustion air is provided by a mechanical air supply system, the combustion air shall be supplied from outdoors at the minimum rate of.35 cubic feet per minute per 1 Btu/h [.34 (m 3 /min)/kw] for appliances located within the space. [NFPA 54:9.3.6] Exhaust Fans. Where exhaust fans are installed, additional air shall be provided to replace the exhausted air. [NFPA 54: ] Interlock. Each of the appliances served shall be interlocked to the mechanical air supply system to prevent main burner operation where the mechanical air supply system is not in operation. [NFPA 54: ] Specified Combustion Air. Where combustion air is provided by the building s mechanical ventilation system, the system shall provide the specified combustion air rate in addition to the required ventilation air. [NFPA 54: ] 78.8 Louvers, Grilles, and Screens. The required size of openings for combustion, ventilation, and dilution air shall be based on the net free area of each opening. Where the free area through a design of louver or grille is known, it shall be used in calculating the size opening required to provide the free area specified. Where the design and free area are not known, it shall be assumed that wood louvers have 25 percent free area and metal louvers and grilles have 75 percent free area. Nonmotorized louvers and grilles shall be fixed in the open position. [NFPA54: ] Minimum Screen Mesh Size. Screens shall be not less than 1 4 of an inch (6.4 mm) mesh. [NFPA 54: ] Motorized Louvers. Motorized louvers shall be interlocked with the appliance so they are proven in the full open position prior to main burner ignition and 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 53

242 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT during main burner operation. Means shall be provided to prevent the main burner from igniting where the louver fail to open during burner start-up and to shut down the main burner where the louvers close during burner operation. [NFPA 54: ] 78.9 Combustion Air Ducts. Combustion air ducts shall comply with the following [NFPA 54:9.3.8]: (1) Ducts shall be of galvanized steel or a material having equivalent corrosion resistance, strength, and rigidity. Exception: Within dwelling units, unobstructed stud and joist spaces shall not be prohibited from conveying combustion air, provided that not more than one fireblock is removed. [NFPA 54: ] (2) Ducts shall terminate in an unobstructed space, allowing free movement of combustion air to the appliances. [NFPA 54: ] (3) Ducts shall serve a single space. [NFPA 54: ] (4) Ducts shall not service both upper and lower combustion air openings where both such openings are used. The separation between ducts serving upper and lower combustion air openings shall be maintained to the source of combustion air. [NFPA 54: ] (5) Ducts shall not be screened where terminating in an attic space. [NFPA 54: ] (6) Combustion air intake openings located on the exterior of the building shall have the lowest side of the combustion air intake openings located not less than 12 inches (35 mm) vertically from the adjoining finished ground level. [NFPA 54: ] (7) Horizontal upper combustion air ducts shall not slope downward toward the source of combustion air. [NFPA 54: ] (8) The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent, special gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a masonry chimney flue, metal or factory-built chimney, shall not be used to supply combustion air unless it is listed and shown in the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] 79. Other Water Heating Equipment Installation Requirements Added or Converted Appliances. Where an additional or replacement appliance is installed or an appliance is converted to gas from another fuel, the location in which the appliance is to be operated shall be checked to verify the following [NFPA 54:9.1.2]: (1) Air for combustion and ventilation is provided where required, in accordance with the provisions of Section 78.. Where existing facilities are not adequate, they shall be upgraded to Section 78. specifications. [NFPA 54:9.1.2(1)] (2) The installation components and appliances shall be installed with clearances from combustible material so their operation will not create a hazard to persons or property. Minimum clearances between combustible walls and the back and sides of various conventional types of appliances and their vent connectors are specified in Table and Table (1). [NFPA 54:9.2.2] It shall be determined that the installation and operation of the additional or replacement appliance does not render the remaining appliance unsafe for continued operation. [NFPA 54:9.1.2(2)] (3) The venting system is constructed and sized in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. Where the existing venting system is not adequate, it shall be upgraded in accordance with this chapter. [NFPA 54:9.1.2(3)] 79.7 Types of Gases. The appliance shall be connected to the fuel gas for which it was designed. No attempt shall be made to convert the appliance from the gas specified on the rating plate for use with a different gas without consulting the installation instructions, the serving gas supplier, or the appliance manufacturer for complete instructions. [NFPA 54-12:9.1.3] 79.8 Flammable Vapors. Gas appliances shall not be installed in areas where the open use, handling, or dispensing of flammable liquids occurs, unless the design, operation, or installation reduces the potential of ignition of the flammable vapors. Appliances installed in accordance with Section 79.9 or Section 79.1 shall be considered to be in accordance with the intent of this provision. [NFPA 54:9.1.9] 79.9 Installation in Garages. Appliances in garages and in adjacent spaces that open to the garage and are not part of the living space of a dwelling unit shall be installed so that burners and burner-ignition devices are located not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor unless listed as flammable vapor ignition resistant. [NFPA 54: ] Access from the Outside Only. Where such appliances installed within a garage are enclosed in a separate, approved compartment having access only from outside of the garage, such appliances shall be permitted to be installed at floor level, provided the required combustion air is taken from and discharged to the exterior of the garage. [NFPA 54: ] 79.1 Installation in Parking Structures. Appliances installed in enclosed, basement, and underground parking structures shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 88A. [NFPA 54: ] Venting of Flue Gases. Appliances shall be vented in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. [NFPA 54:9.1.14] Extra Device or Attachment. No device or attachment shall be installed on an appliance that is capable of impairing the combustion of gas. [NFPA 54:9.1.15] Adequate Capacity of Piping. Where additional appliances are being connected to a gas piping system, the existing piping shall be checked to determine where it has adequate capacity. Where inadequate, the existing system shall be enlarged as necessary, or separate gas piping of adequate capacity shall be run from the point of delivery to the appliance. [NFPA 54:9.1.16] UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

243 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT Avoiding Strain on Gas Piping. Appliances shall be supported and so connected to the piping as not to exert undue strain on the connections. [NFPA 54:9.1.17] Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. Where the gas supply pressure is higher than that at which the appliance is designed to operate or varies beyond the design pressure limits of the appliance, a gas appliance pressure regulator shall be installed. [NFPA 54:9.1.18] Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. Venting of gas appliance pressure regulators shall be in accordance with the following requirements: (1) Gas appliance pressure regulators requiring access to the atmosphere for successful operation shall be equipped with vent piping leading outdoors or, where the regulator vent is an integral part of the appliance, into the combustion chamber adjacent to a continuous pilot, unless constructed or equipped with a vent limiting means to limit the escape of gas from the vent opening in the event of diaphragm failure. (2) Vent limiting means shall be employed on listed gas appliance pressure regulators. (3) In the case of vents leading outdoors, means shall be employed to prevent water from entering this piping and also to prevent blockage of vents by insects and foreign matter. (4) Under no circumstances shall a regulator be vented to the appliance flue or exhaust system. (5) In the case of vents entering the combustion chamber, the vent shall be located so the escaping gas will be readily ignited by the pilot and the heat liberated thereby will not adversely affect the normal operation of the safety shutoff system. The terminus of the vent shall be securely held in a fixed position relative to the pilot. For manufactured gas, the need for a flame arrester in the vent piping shall be determined. (6) Vent lines from a gas appliance pressure regulator and bleed lines from a diaphragm-type valve shall not be connected to a common manifold terminating in a combustion chamber. Vent lines shall not terminate in positive-pressure-type combustion chambers. [NFPA 54:9.1.19] Bleed Lines for Diaphragm-Type Valves. Bleed lines shall comply with the following requirements: (1) Diaphragm-type valves shall be equipped to convey bleed gas to the outdoors or into the combustion chamber adjacent to a continuous pilot. (2) In the case of bleed lines leading outdoors, means shall be employed to prevent water from entering this piping and also to prevent blockage of vents by insects and foreign matter. (3) Bleed lines shall not terminate in the appliance flue or exhaust system. (4) In the case of bleed lines entering the combustion chamber, the bleed line shall be located so the bleed gas will be readily ignited by the pilot and the heat liberated thereby will not adversely affect the normal operation of the safety shutoff system. The terminus of the bleed line shall be securely held in a fixed position relative to the pilot. For manufactured gas, the need for a flame arrester in the bleed line piping shall be determined. (5) Bleed lines from a diaphragm-type valve and vent lines from a gas appliance pressure regulator shall not be connected to a common manifold terminating in a combustion chamber. Bleed lines shall not terminate in positive-pressure-type combustion chambers. [NFPA 54:9.1.2] Combination of Appliances. A combination of appliances, attachments, or devices used together in a manner shall be in accordance with the standards that apply to the individual appliance. [NFPA 54:9.1.21] Installation Instructions. The installing agency shall comply with the appliance manufacturer s recommendations in completing an installation. The installing agency shall leave the manufacturer s installation, operating, and maintenance instructions in a location on the premises where they will be readily available for reference and guidance for the Authority Having Jurisdiction, service personnel, and the owner or operator. [NFPA 54:9.1.22] 79.2 Protection of Outdoor Appliances. Appliances not listed for outdoor installation but installed outdoors shall be provided with protection to the degree that the environment requires. Appliances listed for outdoor installation shall be permitted to be installed without protection in accordance with the provisions of its listing. [NFPA 54:9.1.23] Accessibility for Service. Appliances shall be located with respect to building construction and other equipment so as to permit access to the appliance. Sufficient clearance shall be maintained to permit cleaning of heating surfaces; the replacement of filters, blowers, motors, burners, controls, and vent connections; the lubrication of moving parts where necessary; the adjustment and cleaning of burners and pilots; and the proper functioning of explosion vents, where provided. For attic installation, the passageway and servicing area adjacent to the appliance shall be floored. [NFPA 54:9.2.1] 71. Appliances on Roofs General. Appliances located on roofs shall be installed in accordance with this section Climatic Conditions. Appliances on roofs shall be designed or enclosed so as to withstand climactic conditions in the area in which they are installed. Where enclosures are provided, each enclosure shall permit easy entry and movement, shall be of reasonable height, and shall have not less than a 3 inch (762 mm) clearance between the entire service access panel(s) of the appliance and the wall of the enclosure. [NFPA 54: ] Load Capacity. Roofs on which an appliance is to be installed shall be capable of supporting the additional load or shall be reinforced to support the additional load. [NFPA 54: ] 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 55

244 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT Fasteners. Access locks, screws, and bolts shall be of corrosion-resistant material. [NFPA 54: ] 71.2 Installation of Appliances on Roofs. Appliances shall be installed in accordance with its listing and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Clearance. Appliances shall be installed on a well-drained surface of the roof. Not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) of clearance shall be between a part of the appliance and the edge of a roof or similar hazard, or rigidly fixed rails, guards, parapets, or other building structures not less than 42 inches (167 mm) in height shall be provided on the exposed side. [NFPA 54: ] Electrical Power. Appliances requiring an external source of electrical power for its operation shall be provided with: (1) A readily accessible electrical disconnecting means within sight of the appliance that will completely deenergize the appliance. (2) A 12-VAC grounding-type receptacle outlet on the roof adjacent to the appliance. The receptacle outlet shall be on the supply side of the disconnect switch. [NFPA 54: ] Platform or Walkway. Where water stands on the roof at the appliance or in the passageways to the appliance, or where the roof is of a design having a water seal, an approved platform, walkway, or both shall be provided above the waterline. Such platforms or walkways shall be located adjacent to the appliance and control panels so that the appliance is capable of being safely serviced where water stands on the roof. [NFPA 54: ] 71.3 Access to Equipment and Appliances on Roofs. Equipment and appliances located on roofs or other elevated locations shall be accessible. [NFPA 54: ] Access. Buildings exceeding 15 feet (4572 mm) in height shall have an inside means of access to the roof, unless other means acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction are used. [NFPA 54: ] Access Type. The inside means of access shall be a permanent, or fold-away inside stairway or ladder, terminating in an enclosure, scuttle, or trap door. Such scuttles or trap doors shall be not less than 22 inches by 24 inches (559 mm by 61 mm) in size, shall open easily and safely under all conditions, especially snow; and shall be constructed so as to permit access from the roof side unless deliberately locked on the inside. Not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) of clearance shall be available between the access opening and the edge of the roof or similar hazard, or rigidly fixed rails or guards not less than 42 inches (167 mm) in height shall be provided on the exposed side. Where parapets or other building structures are utilized in lieu of guards or rails, they shall be not less than 42 inches (167 mm) in height. [NFPA 54: ] Permanent Lighting. Permanent lighting shall be provided at the roof access. The switch for such lighting shall be located inside the building near the access means leading to the roof. [NFPA 54: ] 71.4 Appliances in Attics. An attic in which an appliance is installed shall be accessible through an opening and passageway not less than as large as the largest component of the appliance, and not less than 22 inches by 3 inches (559 mm by 762 mm). [NFPA 54:9.5.1] Length of Passageway. Where the height of the passageway is less than 6 feet (1829 mm), the distance from the passageway access to the appliance shall not exceed 2 feet (696 mm) measured along the centerline of the passageway. [NFPA 54: ] Width of Passageway. The passageway shall be unobstructed and shall have solid flooring not less than 24 inches (61 mm) wide from the entrance opening to the appliance. [NFPA 54: ] Work Platform. A level working platform not less than 3 inches by 3 inches (762 mm by 762 mm) shall be provided in front of the service side of the appliance. [NFPA 54:9.5.2] Lighting and Convenience Outlet. A permanent 12-volt receptacle outlet and a lighting fixture shall be installed near the appliance. The switch controlling the lighting fixture shall be located at the entrance to the passageway. [NFPA 54:9.5.3] 711. Venting of Appliances Minimum Safe Performance. Venting systems shall be designed and constructed to convey flue, vent, or both gases to the outdoors. [NFPA 54-12:12.1] Installation. Listed vents shall be installed in accordance with this chapter and the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.2.3] Prohibited Discharge. Appliance vents shall not discharge into a space enclosed by screens having openings less than 1 4 of an inch (6.4 mm) mesh Specification for Venting. Gas water heating equipment for swimming pools, spas, or hot tubs shall be vented Direct-Vent Appliances. Listed direct-vent appliances shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and Section of this code. [NFPA 54:12.3.5] Design and Construction. A venting system shall be designed and constructed so as to develop a positive flow to convey flue or vent gases to the outdoors. [NFPA 54:12.1] Appliance Draft Requirements. A venting system shall satisfy the draft requirements of the appliance in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.4.1] Appliance Venting Requirements. Appliances required to be vented shall be connected to a venting system designed and installed in accordance with the provisions of Section through Section [NFPA 54:12.4.2] UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

245 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT Mechanical Draft Systems. Mechanical draft systems shall be listed and shall be installed in accordance with both the appliance and the mechanical draft system manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Venting. Appliances requiring venting shall be permitted to be vented by means of mechanical draft systems of either forced or induced draft design. [NFPA 54: ] Leakage. Forced draft systems and portions of induced draft systems under positive pressure during operation shall be designed and installed so as to prevent leakage of flue or vent gases into a building. [NFPA 54: ] Vent Connectors. Vent connectors serving appliances vented by natural draft shall not be connected into mechanical draft systems operating under positive pressure. [NFPA 54: ] Operation. Where a mechanical draft system is employed, provision shall be made to prevent the flow of gas to the main burners where the draft system is not performing so as to satisfy the operating requirements of the appliance for safe performance. [NFPA 54: ] Exit Terminals. The exit terminals of mechanical draft systems shall be not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above finished ground level where located adjacent to public walkways and shall be located as specified in Section and Section of this code. [NFPA 54: ] TABLE TYPE OF VENTING SYSTEM TO BE USED [NFPA 54: TABLE ] APPLIANCES TYPE OF VENTING SYSTEM Listed Category I appliances Type B gas vent (Section 711.6) Listed appliances equipped Chimney (Section 711.5) with draft hood Appliances listed for Type B gas vent Category II appliances Category III appliances Category IV appliances Appliances listed for use with chimneys Unlisted appliances Listed combination gas- and oil-burning appliances Single-wall metal pipe (Section 711.7) Listed chimney lining system for gas venting (Section ) Special gas vent listed for this appliance (Section ) As specified or furnished by manufacturers of listed appliance (Section , Section ) Chimney (Section 711.5) Type L vent (Section 711.6) or chimney (Section 711.5) Direct-vent appliances See Section Type of Venting System to be Used. The type of venting system to be used shall be in accordance with Table [NFPA 54:12.5.1] Plastic Piping. Plastic piping used for venting appliances listed for use with such venting materials shall be approved. [NFPA 54:12.5.2] Plastic Vent Joints. Plastic pipe and fittings used to vent appliances shall be installed in accordance with the appliance manufacturer s installation instructions. Where primer is required, it shall be of a contrasting color. [NFPA 54:12.5.3] Special Gas Vent. Special gas vent shall be listed and installed in accordance with the special gas vent manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.5.4] Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys. The construction of masonry, metal, and factory-built chimneys shall comply with Section through Section Factory-Built Chimneys. Factory-built chimneys shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. Factory-built chimneys used to vent appliances that operate at positive vent pressure shall be listed for such application. [NFPA 54: ] Metal Chimneys. Metal chimneys shall be built and installed in accordance with NFPA 211. [NFPA 54: ] Masonry Chimneys. Masonry chimneys shall be built and installed in accordance with NFPA 211 and lined with approved clay flue lining, a listed chimney lining system, or other approved material that resists corrosion, erosion, softening, or cracking from vent gases at temperatures not exceeding 18 F (982 C). Exception: Masonry chimney flues lined with a chimney lining system specifically listed for use with listed gas appliances with draft hoods, Category I appliances, and other gas appliances listed for use with Type B vents shall be permitted. The liner shall be installed in accordance with the liner manufacturer s installation instructions. A permanent identifying label shall be attached at the point where the connection is to be made to the liner. The label shall read: This chimney liner is for appliances that burn gas only. Do not connect to solid- or liquid-fuel-burning appliances or incinerators. [NFPA 54: ] Termination. A chimney for a residential-type or low-heat appliance shall extend not less than 3 feet (914 mm) above the highest point where it passes through the roof of a building and not less than 2 feet (61 mm) higher than a portion of a building within a horizontal distance of 1 feet (348 mm). (See Figure ) [NFPA 54: ] Medium-Heat Gas Appliances. A chimney for a medium-heat appliance shall extend not less than 1 feet (348 mm) above a portion of a building within 25 feet (762 mm). [NFPA 54: ] 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 57

246 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT For SI units: 1 foot = 34.8 mm FIGURE TYPICAL TERMITION LOCATIONS FOR CHIMNEYS AND SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPES SERVING RESIDENTIAL-TYPE AND LOW-HEAT APPLIANCE [NFPA 54: FIGURE ] Chimney Height. A chimney shall extend not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) above the highest connected appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar. [NFPA 54: ] Decorative Shrouds. Decorative shrouds shall not be installed at the termination of factory-built chimneys except where such shrouds are listed and labeled for use with the specific factory-built chimney system and are installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Size of Chimneys. The effective area of a chimney venting system serving listed appliances with draft hoods, Category I appliances, and other appliances listed for use with Type B vents shall be in accordance with one of the following methods [NFPA 54: ]: (1) Section [NFPA 54: (1)] (2) For sizing an individual chimney venting system for a single appliance with a draft hood, the effective areas of the vent connector and chimney flue shall be not less than the area of the appliance flue collar or draft hood outlet or exceeding seven times the draft hood outlet area. [NFPA 54: (2)] (3) For sizing a chimney venting system connected to two appliances with draft hoods, the effective area of the chimney flue shall be not less than the area of the larger draft hood outlet plus 5 percent of the area of the smaller draft hood outlet, or exceeding seven times the smallest draft hood outlet area. [NFPA 54: (3)] (4) Other approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: (5)] (5) Chimney venting systems using mechanical draft shall be sized in accordance with approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: (4)] Inspection of Chimneys. Before replacing an existing appliance or connecting a vent connector to a chimney, the chimney passageway shall be examined to ascertain that it is clear and free of obstructions and shall be cleaned where previously used for venting solid- or liquid-fuel-burning appliances or fireplaces. [NFPA 54: ] Standard. Chimneys shall be lined in accordance with NFPA 211. Exception: Existing chimneys shall be permitted to have their use continued where an appliance is replaced by an appliance of similar type, input rating, and efficiency, where the chimney is in accordance with Section , and the sizing of the chimney is in accordance with Section [NFPA 54: ] Cleanouts. Cleanouts shall be examined to determine that they will remain tightly closed where not in use. [NFPA 54: ] Existing Chimney. Where inspection reveals that an existing chimney is not safe for the intended application, it shall be repaired, rebuilt, lined, relined, or replaced with a vent or chimney in UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

247 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT accordance with NFPA 211 and shall be approved for the appliances to be attached. [NFPA 54: ] Chimney Serving Appliances Burning Other Fuels. An appliance shall not be connected to a chimney flue serving a separate appliance designed to burn solid fuel. [NFPA 54: ] Multiple Appliances. Where one chimney serves gas appliances and liquid fuel-burning appliances, the appliances shall be connected through separate openings or shall be connected through a single opening where joined by a fitting located as close as practical to the chimney. Where two or more openings are provided into one chimney flue, they shall be at different levels. Where the gas appliance is automatically controlled, it shall be equipped with a safety shutoff device. [NFPA 54: ] Combination Gas- and Oil-Burning Appliances. A single chimney flue serving a listed combination gas- and oil-burning appliance shall be sized to vent the appliance. [NFPA 54: ] Support of Chimneys. Portions of chimneys shall be supported for the design and weight of the materials employed. Listed factory-built chimneys shall be supported and spaced in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.6.6] Cleanouts. Where a chimney that formerly carried flue products from liquid- or solid-fuel-burning appliances is used with an appliance using fuel gas, an accessible cleanout shall be provided. The cleanout shall have a tight-fitting cover and be installed so its upper edge is not less than 6 inches (152 mm) below the lower edge of the lowest chimney inlet opening. [NFPA 54:12.6.7] Space Surrounding Lining or Vent. The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent, special gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a masonry chimney flue shall not be used to vent another appliance. Exception: The insertion of another liner or vent within the chimney as provided in this code and the liner or vent manufacturer's instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Combustion Air. The remaining space surrounding a chimney liner, gas vent, special gas vent, or plastic piping installed within a masonry chimney flue shall not be used to supply combustion air. Exception: Direct-vent appliances designed for installation in a solid-fuel-burning fireplace where installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54: ] Gas Vents. A gas vent passing through a roof shall extend through the entire roof flashing, roof jack, or roof thimble and be terminated with a listed termination cap. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(6)] Installation. Type B or Type L vents shall extend in a vertical direction with offsets not exceeding 45 degrees (.79 rad), except that a vent system having not more than one 6 degree (1.5 rad) offset shall be permitted. An angle greater than 45 degrees (.79 rad) from the vertical is considered horizontal. The total horizontal distance of a vent plus the horizontal vent connector serving draft hood-equipped appliances shall be not greater than 75 percent of the vertical height of the vent. [NFPA 54: ] Fasteners. Screws, rivets, and other fasteners shall not penetrate the inner wall of double wall gas vents except at the transition from the appliance draft hood outlet, flue collar, or single wall metal connector to a double wall vent. [NFPA 54:12.7.1(4)] Additional Termination Requirements. A gas vent shall terminate in accordance with one of the following [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)]: (1) Gas vents that are 12 inches (35 mm) or less in size and located not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) from a vertical wall or similar obstruction shall terminate above the roof in accordance with Figure and Table Gas vents that exceed 12 inches (35 mm) in size or are located less than 8 feet (2438 mm) from a vertical wall or similar obstruction, shall terminate not less than 2 feet (61 mm) above the highest point where they pass through the roof and not less than 2 feet (61 mm) higher than a portion of a building within 1 feet (348 mm) horizontally. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)(a) and (b)] (2) Direct-vent systems as provided in Section [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)(d)] (3) Mechanical draft systems as provided in Section [NFPA 54:12.7.2(1)(f)] Type B and L Vents. A Type B or a Type L gas vent shall terminate not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in vertical height above the highest connected appliance draft hood or flue collar. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(2)] Exterior Wall Termination. A gas vent extending through an exterior wall shall not terminate adjacent to the wall or below eaves or parapets, except as provided in Section and Section [NFPA 54:12.7.2(4)] Decorative Shrouds. Decorative shrouds shall not be installed at the termination of gas vents except where such shrouds are listed for use with the specific gas venting system and are installed in accordance with manufacturer s installation instructions. [NFPA 54:12.7.2(5)] Forced Air Inlet. A gas vent shall terminate not less than 3 feet (914 mm) above a forced air inlet located within 1 feet (348 mm). [NFPA 54:12.7.2(7)] 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 59

248 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT FIGURE GAS VENT TERMITION LOCATIONS FOR LISTED CAPS 12 INCHES OR LESS IN SIZE NOT LESS THAN 8 FEET FROM A VERTICAL WALL [NFPA 54: FIGURE ] ROOF PITCH TABLE ROOF PITCH HEIGHT [NFPA 54: TABLE ] For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 34.8 mm H (minimum) (feet) Flat to Over 6 12 to Over 7 12 to Over 8 12 to Over 9 12 to Over 1 12 to Over to Over to Over to Over to Over to Over 2 12 to Size of Gas Vents. Venting systems shall be sized and constructed in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods and the gas vent and gas appliance manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.7.3] Category I Appliances. The sizing of natural draft venting systems serving one or more listed appliances equipped with a draft hood or appliances listed for use with Type B gas vent, installed in a single story of a building, shall be in accordance with one of the following methods: (1) The provisions of Section (2) Vents serving fan-assisted combustion system appliances, or combinations of fan-assisted combustion systems and draft hood-equipped appliances, shall be sized in accordance with Section 712. or other approved engineering methods. (3) For sizing an individual gas vent for a single, draft hood-equipped appliance, the effective area of the vent connector and the gas vent shall be not less than the area of the appliance draft hood outlet or exceeding seven times the draft hood outlet area. (4) For sizing a gas vent connected to two appliances, with draft hoods, the effective area of the vent shall be not less than the area of the larger draft hood outlet plus 5 percent of the area of the smaller draft hood outlet or exceeding seven times the smaller draft hood outlet area. (5) Approved engineering practices. [NFPA 54: ] Sizing. Chimney venting systems using mechanical draft shall be sized in accordance with approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54: ] Support of Gas Vents. Gas vents shall be supported and spaced in accordance with their listings and the manufacturer s instructions. [NFPA 54:12.7.5] Marking. In those localities where solid and liquid fuels are used extensively, gas vents shall be permanently identified by a label attached to the wall or ceiling at a point where the vent connector enters the gas vent. The label shall read: This gas vent is for appliances that burn gas. Do not connect to solid- or liquid-fuel-burning appliances or incinerators. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall determine whether its area constitutes such a locality. [NFPA 54:12.7.6] Single-Wall Metal Pipe. Single-wall metal pipe shall be constructed of galvanized sheet steel not less than.34 of an inch (.7722 mm) thick or of other approved, noncombustible, corrosion-resistant material. [NFPA 54:12.8.1] Cold Climate. Uninsulated single-wall metal pipe shall not be used outdoors for venting appliances. For venting appliances in regions where the 99 percent winter design temperature is below 32 F ( C). [NFPA 54:12.8.2] Termination. The termination of single-wall metal pipe shall comply with the following requirements: (1) Single-wall metal pipe shall terminate not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in vertical height above the highest connected appliance draft hood outlet or flue collar. (2) Single-wall metal pipe shall extend not less than 2 feet (61 mm) above the highest point where it passes through the roof of a building and not less than 2 feet (61 mm) exceeding a portion of a building within a horizontal distance of 1 feet (348 mm). (See Figure ) (3) An approved cap or roof assembly shall be attached to the terminus of a single-wall metal pipe. [NFPA 54:12.8.3] UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

249 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT Installation with Appliances Permitted by Table Single-wall metal pipe shall not be used as a vent in dwellings and residential occupancies. [NFPA 54: ] Limitations. Single-wall metal pipe shall be used for runs directly from the space in which the appliance is located through the roof or exterior wall to the outer air. A pipe passing through a roof shall extend without interruption through the roof flashing, roof jacket, or roof thimble. [NFPA 54: ] Attic or Concealed Space. Singlewall metal pipe shall not originate in an unoccupied attic or concealed space and shall not pass through an attic, inside wall, concealed space, or floor. For the installation of a single-wall metal pipe through an exterior combustible wall. See Section [NFPA 54: ] Clearances. Minimum clearances from single-wall metal pipe to combustible material shall be in accordance with Table Reduced clearances from single-wall metal pipe to combustible material shall be as specified for vent connectors in Table (1). [NFPA 54: ] Exterior. Single-wall metal pipe shall not pass through a combustible exterior wall unless guarded at the point of passage by a ventilated metal thimble not smaller than the following: (1) For listed appliances with draft hoods and appliances listed for use with Type B gas vents, the thimble shall be not less than 4 inches (12 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. Where there is a run of not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) of metal pipe in the opening between the draft hood outlet and the thimble, the thimble shall be APPLIANCE Listed appliances with draft hoods and appliances listed for use with Type B gas vents Residential boilers and furnaces with listed gas conversion burner and with draft hood Residential appliances listed for use with Type L vents MINIMUM DISTANCE FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL (inches) LISTED TYPE B GAS VENT MATERIAL not less than 2 inches (51 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. (2) For unlisted appliances having draft hoods, the thimble shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. (3) For residential and low-heat appliances, the thimble shall be not less than 12 inches (35 mm) larger in diameter than the metal pipe. Exception: In lieu of thimble protection, combustible material in the wall shall be removed a sufficient distance from the metal pipe to provide the specified clearance from such metal pipe to combustible material. Any material used to close up such opening shall be noncombustible. [NFPA 54: ] Roof Thimble. Where a single-wall metal pipe passes through a roof constructed of combustible material, a noncombustible, nonventilating thimble shall be used at the point of passage. The thimble shall extend not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above and 6 inches (152 mm) below the roof with the annular space open at the bottom and closed at the top. The thimble shall be sized in accordance with Section [NFPA 54: ] Size of Single-Wall Metal Pipe. Single-wall metal piping shall comply with the following sections. [NFPA 54:12.8.5] Sizing of Venting System. A venting system of a single-wall metal pipe shall be sized in accordance with one of the following methods and the gas appliance manufacturer s instructions: (1) For a draft hood-equipped appliance, in accordance with Section (2) For a venting system for a single appliance with a draft hood, the areas of the connector and the LISTED TYPE L VENT MATERIAL SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPE FACTORY-BUILT CHIMNEY SECTIONS As listed As listed 6 As listed As listed Not permitted As listed 9 As listed Unlisted residential gas appliances with draft hood Not permitted 6 9 As listed Residential and low-heat appliances other than those above TABLE CLEARANCE FOR CONNECTORS [NFPA 54: TABLE ]* Not permitted 9 18 As listed Medium-heat appliances Not permitted Not permitted 36 As listed For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm * These clearances shall apply unless the listing of an appliance or connector specifies clearances, in which case the listed clearances shall apply. 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 61

250 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT TYPE OF PROTECTION APPLIED TO AND COVER- ING SURFACES OF COM- BUSTIBLE MATERIAL WITHIN THE DISTANCE SPECIFIED AS THE REQUIRED CLEARANCE WITH NO PROTECTION [SEE FIGURE THROUGH FIGURE (2)] (1) inch thick masonry wall without ventilated air space (2) 1 2 of an inch insulation board over 1 inch glass fiber or mineral wool batts (3).24 inch sheet metal over 1 inch glass fiber or mineral wool batts reinforced with wire on rear face with ventilated air space (4) inch thick masonry wall with ventilated air space (5).24 inch sheet metal with ventilated air space (6) 1 2 of an inch thick insulation board with ventilated air space (7).24 inch sheet metal with ventilated air space over.24 inch sheet metal with ventilated air space (8) 1 inch glass fiber or mineral wool batts sandwiched between two sheets.24 inch sheet metal with ventilated air space TABLE (1) REDUCTION OF CLEARANCES WITH SPECIFIED FORMS OF PROTECTION 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 11 [NFPA 54: TABLE 1.2.3(b)] WHERE THE REQUIRED CLEARANCE WITH NO PROTECTION FROM APPLIANCE, VENT CONNECTOR, OR SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPE IS: 36 (inches) 18 (inches) 12 (inches) 9 (inches) 6 (inches) ALLOWABLE CLEARANCES WITH SPECIFIED PROTECTION (inches) USE COLUMN 1 FOR CLEARANCES ABOVE APPLIANCE OR HORIZONTAL CONNECTOR. USE COLUMN 2 FOR CLEAR- ANCES FROM APPLIANCES, VERTICAL CONNECTOR, AND SINGLE-WALL METAL PIPE. ABOVE COLUMN 1 SIDES AND REAR COLUMN 2 ABOVE COLUMN 1 SIDES AND REAR COLUMN 2 ABOVE COLUMN 1 SIDES AND REAR COLUMN 2 ABOVE COLUMN 1 SIDES AND REAR COLUMN 2 ABOVE COLUMN 1 SIDES AND REAR COLUMN For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, C = ( F-32)/1.8 Notes: 1 Reduction of clearances from combustible materials shall not interfere with combustion air, draft hood clearance and relief, and accessibility of servicing. 2 Clearances shall be measured from the outer surface of the combustible material to the nearest point on the surface of the appliance, disregarding an intervening protection applied to the combustible material. 3 Spacers and ties shall be of noncombustible material. No spacer or tie shall be used directly opposite the appliance or connector. 4 Where clearance reduction systems use a ventilated air space, adequate provision for air circulation shall be provided as described. [See Figure (1) and Figure (2)] 5 There shall be not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) between clearance reduction systems and combustible walls and ceilings for reduction systems using a ventilated air space. 6 Where a wall protector is mounted on a single flat wall away from corners, it shall have a minimum 1 inch (25.4 mm) air gap. To provide air circulation, the bottom and top edges, or only the side and top edges, or edges shall be left open. 7 Mineral wool batts (blanket or board) shall have a minimum density of 8 pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft 3 ) (128 kg/m 3 ) and a minimum melting point of 15 F (816 C). 8 Insulation material used as part of a clearance reduction system shall have a thermal conductivity of 1 British thermal unit inch per hour square foot degree Fahrenheit [Btu in/(h ft 2 F)] [.1 W/(m K)] or less. 9 There shall be not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) between the appliance and the protector. In no case shall the clearance between the appliance and the combustible surface be reduced below that allowed in this table. 1 Clearances and thicknesses are minimum; larger clearances and thicknesses are acceptable. 11 Listed single-wall connectors shall be installed in accordance with the terms of their listing and the manufacturer s installation instructions UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE

251 WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT Notes: A Equals the clearance with no protection specified in Table and Table (1) and in the sections applying to various types of appliances. B Equals the reduced clearance permitted in accordance with Table The protection applied to the construction using combustible material shall extend far enough in each direction to make C equal to A. FIGURE EXTENT OF PROTECTION NECESSARY TO REDUCE CLEAR- ANCES FROM GAS APPLIANCES OR VENT CONNECTORS [NFPA 54: FIGURE (a)] For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm Note: Masonry walls shall be attached to combustible walls using wall ties. Spacers shall not be used directly behind appliance or connector. FIGURE (1) WALL PROTECTION REDUCTION SYSTEM [NFPA 54: FIGURE (b)] For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm Note: Do not place masonry wall ties directly behind appliance or connector. FIGURE (2) MASONRY CLEARANCE REDUCTION SYSTEM [NFPA 54: FIGURE (c)] pipe each shall be not less than the area of the appliance flue collar or draft hood outlet, whichever is smaller. The vent area shall not exceed seven times the draft hood outlet area. (3) Other approved engineering methods. [NFPA 54:12.8.5(1)] Non-Round Metal Pipe. Where a single-wall metal pipe is used and has a shape other than round, it shall have an effective area equal to the effective area of the round pipe for which it is substituted, and the internal dimension of the pipe shall be not less than 2 inches (51 mm). [NFPA 54:12.8.5(2)] Venting Capacity. The vent cap or a roof assembly shall have a venting capacity not less than that of the pipe to which it is attached. [NFPA 54:12.8.5(3)] Support of Single-Wall Metal Pipe. Portions of single-wall metal pipe shall be supported for the design and weight of the material employed. [NFPA 54:12.8.6] Marking. Single-wall metal pipe shall comply with the marking provisions of Section [NFPA 54:12.8.7] Through-the-Wall Vent Termination. A mechanical draft venting system shall terminate not less than 3 feet (914 mm) above a forced air inlet located within 1 feet (348 mm). (See Figure 711.8) Exceptions: (1) This provision shall not apply to the combustion air intake of a direct-vent appliance. (2) This provision shall not apply to the separation of the integral outdoor air inlet and flue gas discharge of listed outdoor appliances. [NFPA 54:12.9.1] 215 UNIFORM SWIMMING POOL, SPA, AND HOT TUB CODE 63