Art and Culture #2.5 Architecture in Medieval India Mughals Architecture BY CIVIL JOINT.

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Cora Parks
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1 Art and Culture #2.5 Architecture in Medieval India Mughals Architecture BY CIVIL JOINT

Introduced the use of Tudor arch (A four-centred arch, also

2 Akbar Keen interest in the development of Art and Architecture Principle feature: use of Red sandstone Introduced the use of Tudor arch (A four-centred arch, also known as a depressed arch is a low, wide type of arch with a pointed apex)

3 Prominent constructions: Agra Fort The construction of the Agra fort was started around 1565, when the initial structures were built by the Mughal Emperor Akbar, and subsequently taken over by his grandson Shah Jahan, who added most of the marble creations to the fort Moti Masjid by Shahjahan Diwan-i-aam (Hall of Public audience) by Shahjahan Diwan-i-khas (Hall of private audience) by Shahjahan Jahangiri Mahal Sheesh Mahal The garden inside the fort are built using the Charbagh style.

4 Agra Fort

5 Fatehpur Sikri New capital city by Akbar at Fathepur Sikri A unique blend of Hindu and Persian Style Important architecture inside the city are: Buland Darwaza Panch Mahal Jodha Bai s Palace Salim Chisti s Tomb ( Akbar was the disciple of Salim Chisti; finest Jaali work) Ibadat Khana (Akbar used to meet the leaders of different religions here) Govind Dev in Vrindavan ( It was constructed in 1590 by Raja Man Singh of Amber, Akbar supported it and Also donated Red Sandstones for it)

6 Buland Darwaza Panch Mahal Ibadat Khana Salim Chisti s Tomb Jodha Bai s Palace

7 Jahangir Focused more on paintings and other form of art. Hence, architecture took a back seat. Completed Akbar s Tomb in Sikandra Built his own tomb at Lahore Built Moti Masjid at Lahore Shalimar Bagh in Kashmir His wife Noor Jahan also undertook some major construction projects, the tomb of Itmad-ud-daulah, father of Noor jahan. (first Mughal work made completely of white marble) This time white marble became the chief building material, replacing red sandstone

8 Akbar s Tomb Jahangir Tomb

9 Shalimar Bagh in Kashmir Tomb of Itmad-ud-daulah

10 Shah Jahan Mughal architecture reached its climax. Taj Mahal: Finest specimen of the Mughal architecture In the memory of Arzuman Bano Begum or Mumtaz Mahal Features: Use of Calligraphy Pietra dura works Foresightening technique Charbhag style of gardens Use of water in the premises for decoration

Other monuments constructed by Shahjahan Red fort in Delhi Jama Masjid in Delhi Shalimar Bagh in Lahore City of Shahjahanabad Peacock Throne, one of the finest example of metal work in this period

11 Other monuments constructed by Shahjahan Red fort in Delhi Jama Masjid in Delhi Shalimar Bagh in Lahore City of Shahjahanabad Peacock Throne, one of the finest example of metal work in this period Note: The original throne was subsequently captured and taken as a war trophy in 1739 by the Persian emperor Nadir Shah, and has been lost since. A replacement throne based on the original was commissioned afterwards and existed until the Indian war of Independence in 1857.

12 Note: Humayun Tomb Tomb of the Mughal Emperor Humayun in Delhi, India Commissioned by Humayun's first wife and chief consort, Empress Bega Begum (also known as Haji Begum) in , and designed by Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, a Persian architect chosen by her. It was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993

Bibi-ka-Maqbara A tomb located in Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India It was commissioned by Aurangzeb's Son Azam in the memory of his Mother Dilras Banu Begum (posthumously

13 Bibi-ka-Maqbara A tomb located in Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India It was commissioned by Aurangzeb's Son Azam in the memory of his Mother Dilras Banu Begum (posthumously known as Rabia-ud-Daurani) It bears a striking resemblance to the famous Taj Mahal. Due to the strong resemblance, it is also called the Dakkhani Taj (Taj of the Deccan).

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