The Urban Farmer Store

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1 The Urban Farmer Store DRIP IRRIGATION HANDBOOK The Catalog for Getting Started 25th Anniversary Edition by Tom Bressan Drip irrigation Sprinkler Systems Outdoor Lighting Pond & Fountain Equipment

2 When we published our first do-it-yourself manual and drip catalog in 98, The Urban Farmer already had five years experience designing and installing drip systems. Our publications on drip irrigation are used in college horticultural classes and distributed by water departments nationwide to help people conserve water. As well as being a mail order house, we have three stores located in the San Francisco Bay Area. We stock over 0,000 irrigation and landscape products, including lawn sprinklers, outdoor lighting, and water feature supplies. This catalog focuses on reliable high-quality examples of the most commonly used drip irrigation parts. If you need other choices or more help, experienced sales staff are available to answer questions and fill telephone orders. Please visit urbanfarmerstore.com for more information. Monday through Friday from 7:0 am to 5:0 pm PST and Saturday 9:0 am to 5 pm. Our Guarantee There is a 0-day money back guarantee on all products. If you are not entirely satisfied with any product, return it within 0 days and we will promptly refund your total purchase less shipping charges. Defective parts will be repaired or replaced free of charge when they are returned freight prepaid within one year of purchase. We carry products that have been field tested for their dependability and durability. Some products carry manufacturer s warranties for longer than one year. Please write for specific warranty information. CONTENTS Introduction... Applications Landscape...2 Containers...2 Vegetables... Lawns...4 Orchards...5 Vineyards...5 Design Planning...6 Emitter placement...6 Sizing your components...7 Assembly Hose-thread assembly...8 Pipe-thread assembly...8 Lines and Fittings...8 Emitters...9 Assembly tips...9 System Use Scheduling... 0 Maintenance... 0 Parts Catalog Drip emitters... Sprays... 2 Emitter line, Sub-surface emitter line... Tubing... 4 Fittings... 5 Punches, Stakes, and Clips... 6 Backflow preventers... 7 Filters... 7 Pressure regulators... 8 Fertilizer injectors... 8 Hose-end controls... 2 Irrigation Timers... 9 Valves, Wire, and Splices Instant Manifolds/Useful Items... 2 Self-Adjusting Evapotranspiration Controllers 22 Sprinkler to Drip Conversion + multi-outlet emitters... 2 Pumps Introduction to Spriklers & Rotors Introduction to Outdoor Lighting Ordering Information...27 THE URBAN FARMER STORE IS A REGISTERED SERVICE MARK OF THE URBAN FARMER STORE, INC. ALL OTHERS ARE THE SERVICE MARKS OR TRADE MARKS OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS AND MAY BE REGISTERED THE URBAN FARMER STORE, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

3 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE Introduction to Drip Irrigation Advantages A drip system produces healthy, fast-growing plants. In fact, improved crop yields were the primary force behind the development of drip irrigation for agriculture. In traditional watering methods there is an extreme fluctuation in the water content, temperature, and aeration of the soil, resulting in plant stress. Drip watering keeps the moisture content of soil relatively constant and ensures that oxygen remains available to the root system. For many gardeners, water conservation is the main reason for installing a drip system. When you water your garden, your purpose is to water plants rather than soil. Drip irrigation gives you the ability to put water exactly where it s needed and keep paths and areas between plants dry. This reduces both waste and weeding. You can regulate precisely the amount of water used during irrigation so that nearly all of it remains in the root zone. Water lost to evaporation is negligible compared to overhead watering. Traditional watering methods deliver water faster than most soils can absorb. If water exceeds the soil s percolation rate, it can only run off the surface, taking valuable topsoil and nutrients with it. On a slope, drip can be designed for minimum run-off and, is often the only means of bringing a hillside into cultivation. Another advantage of drip is that you can deliver equal amounts of water to plants over a wide area. This is very hard to accomplish with other methods of irrigation. Drip irrigation saves so much water that it is required by California law as the way to water narrow or sparse plantings in new commercial and larger residential landscapes. A drip irrigation system is easy to Drip irrigation is the slow and precise delivery of water to chosen plantings. It uses flexible polyethylene tubing with devices for dripping water (emitters) and low-volume sprays. The systems are easy to install, require no trenching, and the only tools needed are pruning shears and a punch. Drip irrigation maintains near-perfect moisture levels in the root zone of plants, avoiding the too wet/too dry swings typical of overhead watering. Drip systems are controlled by hand or by an automatic timer, and can also be used to apply fertilizers directly to the roots of plants. Drip systems irrigate all types of landscape: shrubs, trees, perennial beds, ground covers, annuals and lawns. Drip is the best choice to water roof gardens, containers on decks and patios, row crops and kitchen gardens, orchards, and vineyards. Systems range in size from a few hanging baskets to several thousand acres of crops. install. Since no trenching is needed, you can install a system in an existing landscape with no damage to your plants root systems. Tubing will be overgrown by ground cover, or it can be quickly concealed with mulch. Drip irrigation also allows you to water a large area from a small water source, since it uses water more slowly than other methods. Installing drip to new plants will help them develop deep roots which are more resistant to dry spells. However, the greatest advantage for the home gardener is time savings. The simple action of opening a valve replaces all the time spent watering by hand. With the addition of an automatic timer, you can go on vacation or cope with a busy schedule while your garden flourishes without you. How To Use This Handbook The following pages will help you design, purchase, and install a drip irrigation system tailored to your own garden. The last half of this catalog illustrates a selection of drip components and other products that we have found useful for home gardeners. All the products shown here are proven, low-cost agricultural quality equipment suitable for use in home gardens. When a farmer installs and operates several acres of drip equipment, any weaknesses in design or manufacture become apparent pretty quickly. If you don t find what you are looking for, call us. We carry a larger inventory of both drip and sprinkler equipment than this catalog represents, and will usually have the irrigation part you need. We encourage you to draw your garden on the graph paper in the back of the catalog and start laying plans for your drip system. Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice

4 APPLICATIONS 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE Landscape Landscape plantings with various water needs are often mixed together in one garden. Ideally, each group of plants with similar needs is watered by a separate zone of the irrigation system, controlled by a valve. In practice the number of zones you set up will also be influenced by the size of the garden. A small ornamental garden is often divided into only two zones one requiring frequent, relatively shallow watering and the other infrequent, deeper water. A large landscape might require different zones for hedges, trees, a shade garden, perennial beds in full sun, an area of native plants and so on. You ve probably noticed that certain areas of your garden dry out faster than others, depending on exposure to sun and wind, differing soil drainage, and competition from tree roots for available water. A small garden where the plants have essentially similar water needs can be handled with a single zone. You can insert faster drippers or more drippers to take care of thirstier plants. inserted drip emitters spaced at regular intervals. Irregular plantings such as shrubs and perennial beds are most often watered with individual drippers chosen for the needs of each plant....each group of plants with similar needs is watered by a separate zone of the irrigation system, controlled by a valve. Small sprays attached to the drip system are also useful in mixed landscape. A common design is to water the ground cover between shrubs with sprays, while adding extra water near the base of each shrub with drip emitters. Another good use of sprays is to water small plants or ground cover growing among rocks or flagstones. For a summary of drip vs. microsprays see the comparison chart on page 7. The best layout to water trees and large shrubs is to stake a tail of emitter line halfway between the trunk and canopy. Newly planted trees need at least two drippers directly on their root ball. The flexibility of drip irrigation allows one to remove individual emitters from a system by replacing them with a goof plug or to add new emitters or lines to a system with little worry about design. If a line is accidentally cut, it easily is repaired with a connector. It s Hedges, perennial beds, and trees each lend themselves to different styles of drip layout. Dense plantings such as hedges, annual borders, and ground covers are typically watered using emitter lines, tubing with prea good idea to keep a few repair parts on hand just in case. Containers Plants in containers, which dry out faster than those in the ground, are prime candidates for an automatic drip system. Hand watering is very time consuming and the plants suffer immediately when watering is neglected. A container drip system should always be zoned separately because its watering schedule is unique. Container plants need frequent waterings for only 2 to 5 minutes at a time. In a container system, a /2" or /8" line is run below or behind the plants, under the railing, or under the deck itself. Smaller tubing ( /4") goes to each container. The /4" tubing is available in various colors to help hide it. It can also be run through the container s drainage hole. All but the smallest containers need several emitters placed in them because their soil is so loose that water from each emitter moves downward without much sideways spread. The irrigation strategy is to place drip emitters 6" apart, or to attach small adjustable bubblers to spread the water. Useful products from the catalog are mini-inline emitters, /4" emitter lines, shrubblers, and vortex sprays, all il- Landscape 2 Call toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

5 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE APPLICATIONS lustrated on pages -. In containers less than 6" diameter, individual drip emitters will suffice. A single /4" line can supply water to several containers. Add up the flow rates of the emitters that you are planning to use and compare with the maximum flow rates for the different types of /4" tubing (page 4). Emitters for containers can apply as little as /2 gallon per hour or as much as 0 gph. Adjusting the number and size of emitters in a container drip system takes some experimenting, especially if the containers are of different sizes. Run the system and see which containers the water runs out of first. You either have to decrease the flow in these or increase the flow rate to the other containers on the system. This process will also help you set the run time for the system. Vegetables Vegetables prosper when the surrounding soil is kept quite moist, but frequent overhead watering encourages rust, mildew, blossom damage, and disease. Closely spaced drip emitters can thoroughly water an area without wetting the plant leaves. In the rich soil of a well-prepared vegetable bed, drip irrigation produces spectacular growth and yields. Rows and intensive beds are watered using emitter lines, with drippers 2" apart along the line. If plants are more widely spaced and deeply rooted (for example, tomatoes and squash), a single emitter can be placed at the base of each plant. Root crops such as carrots, onions, and radishes can be planted two deep on each side of a single emitter line. With plants such as corn, strawberries, and peppers, one row on each side is preferable. In intensive bed gardening, the system should be set up with parallel emitter lines 6" apart. If the bed is 4 feet wide, three lines will give complete coverage. This system does not need to be changed when plantings change. Extra sprays and even individual emitters can be added for any plants that need extra water. In the rich soil of a wellprepared vegetable bed, drip irrigation produces spectacular growth and yields. If overhead water is needed, for instance when growing salad greens from seed in a hot climate, then halfcircle jet sprays can be installed on poly tubing along the edges of the beds instead of using parallel emitter lines. Polytubing & emitterline used in drip irrigation contains no lead and are proven safe & non-toxic for watering food crops. Garden hoses & porous "soaker" hoses may contain lead & other toxins. Vegetables /2" Poly Emitter line Tee Containers Path Emitters Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice

6 APPLICATIONS Lawns Drip irrigation for lawn watering is finally moving out of the experimental stage. Five years of independent tests at the Center for Irrigation Technology comparing many products and installation methods in the extreme heat of California s Central Valley give us confidence in recommending this option. When properly installed with air vents and automatic flushing ends, subsurface emitter lines are proving very reliable. The advantages over conventional lawn sprinklers include significant water savings, especially on hot or windy sites, and a surprising decline in turf diseases. Weed invasion may also be significantly reduced in healthy, dense turf since there is no topical moisture to encourage seed germination. Subsurface lawn irrigation is particularly valuable on lawns where efficient sprinkler layout is difficult, such as steep slopes, long narrow strips, and odd shapes of all sorts. Lawns A typical layout for a subsurface lawn system is shown below. Emitter lines are placed in parallel rows 4" to 6" below the soil. Spacing varies with soil type. In heavy clay soils, use 8" between lines, with emitters 8" apart on the lines. Tighter spacing is needed in lighter soils because the lateral water spread is not as great. The closest spacing ever needed is 2" between lines, with emitters 2" apart on the lines. The lines are connected by headers on both ends. An automatic flush valve is attached to the header farthest from the water supply and is located in a valve box (see diagram). The flush valve allows any sediment to escape from the tubing each time the system starts up, and then closes down after it expels about gallon of water. The air vent operates after the system has shut down and is draining. It permits air to replace water in the tubing and minimizes suction of sediment into the emitters. An air vent should be installed for each zone at the high point and can be buried in a valve box that has good drainage. If an anti-siphon valve is used to turn the system on and off, you do not need an additional air vent THE URBAN FARMER STORE Emitter lines can be placed under the soil in several ways: by hand trenching; with a mechanical trencher that cuts a narrow slot; or with a pipepulling vibratory plow. Another possibility when you re undertaking extensive soil amendment is to lay the tubing before the final 4" of soil is spread. Site conditions will usually suggest the most economical approach. An advantage of drip for lawns is the good control you have over the amount of water that different areas receive. For instance, if a berm, a slope, and flat areas of turf are irrigated on the same valve, you can place tubing close together on the berm to increase the precipitation rate and use normal spacing for the flat areas, with greater distance between lines as you approach the bottom of the slope. Emitter lines next to walkways and patios should be located no more than 4" from the hard edge to prevent dry strips. Subsurface lawn irrigation is particularly valuable on lawns where efficient sprinkler layout is difficult, such as steep slopes, windy areas, long narrow strips and odd shapes of all sorts. Air Vent Flush Valve 4 Call toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

7 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE APPLICATIONS Orchards Drip irrigation is widely used in commercial orchards. Slow, deep waterings and precision control encourage tree growth without the oversaturation and weeds that flood or sprinkler irrigation can bring. Equal amounts of water can be delivered to each tree. The changing water needs of growing trees can be easily met if you size your piping to the trees mature water needs. Saplings can start with one emitter at the base of each tree, and emitters can be added as needed. The drawings below illustrate some common layouts:. Run lines down rows of trees and place emitters at base of each tree. 2. Run lines along rows about feet on either side of trees to encourage balanced root growth.. Tee off each line with a loop around each tree to water the entire circumference of the root zone. 4. Use sprays with sandy soil if cultivation methods allow. One or two jet sprays on stands can cover the entire root zone of a tree. Vineyards Even the largest and most oldfashioned wine-grape growers have converted to drip irrigation, and for good reason: Drip irrigation provides excellent water management, reduces runoff and erosion on slopes, discourages harmful mold, and produces better fruit. The preferred method of installation is to tie tubing to a wire suspended about 8" off the ground attached to the grape stakes. At this height, the tubing doesn t interfere with weeding. Once tied on, the tubing is allowed to unwind for a few days so that when the emitters are punched into the Vineyards Tubing Emitters bottom of the tubing, they stay pointed down. The drip will then fall where intended instead of running along the tubing. Since vineyard rows are often long and on uneven terrain, pressurecompensating emitters should be used. A typical layout involves a rigid PVC supply line underground at the ends of the rows, flexible PVC with a hose-thread filter to bring water for each row above ground, and then /2" poly tubing along each row. Each vine is watered with one, or better yet, two emitters. Lateral lines can be over 000' long depending on emitter size and vine spacing. Trees 2 4 A fertilizer injector is a useful addition to your vineyard or orchard drip system. By allowing you to deliver nutrients directly to the root zone, an injector can help produce maximum plant growth. It can also be used to treat mineral deposits and algae growth. Using only the existing water pressure, they are simple to install and require no outside power sources. Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 5

8 DESIGN 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE Planning To aid planning and design, all systems should be sketched to scale on graph paper. (You can use the inside back cover of this catalog.) Draw a plan of your yard or garden indicating areas of ground cover, flower and vegetable beds, lawns, and patios. Note on your drawing the location of hedges, shrubs, trees, and also retaining walls and driveways that will act as barriers to your piping. Take an overall look at the area to be watered. Notice if the area slopes, how steeply it slopes and in which direction. Also note areas of shade from trees or the house, and areas where tree roots will compete for moisture with your plantings. This is the time to divide your garden into zones to be watered separately (see Landscape, page 2). Then decide whether each area is best watered with drippers or microsprays. Draw a plan of your yard or garden indicating areas of ground cover, flower and vegetable beds, lawns, and patios. The next step is to compare the flow rate from your water source to the flow that each proposed zone will need. Most zones in home systems use less water than the faucet (hose bibb) is capable of delivering, and they can run as a single unit. If, however, a zone needs more than the hose bibb is able to deliver at one time, it can be divided into as many smaller zones as necessary. To determine the hose bibb s flow rate, run the water at full force into a measured bucket and time how long it takes to fill. If, for example, a 5-gallon bucket takes 0 seconds to fill, then the flow is 0 gallons per minute (gpm), or 600 gallons per hour (gph). Figure that maximum usable flow is 75 percent of the flow rate into the bucket in this example 7.5 gpm or 450 gph. This is the largest zone that the source can supply at one time. Finally, mark on your drawing the tubing and emitters for each zone and make up a list of materials, including fittings, that you need for the project. Emitter Placement The most important factors are the size of the root zone and type of soil. Make sure that you are watering more than 50% of the root zone. Refer to the chart below for guidelines. Shallow roots require closer emitter spacing than deep roots because the system run time will be shorter, giving less lateral spread from each emitter. Water moves downwards in soil due to gravity and from particle to particle in all directions due to capillary action. In coarse sandy soil, gravity affects water movement more than capillary action. In finer soils such as clay, capillary action is much stronger, so water will tend to spread before penetrating very deep. An emitter in sandy soil may suffice for an area 6" in diameter, while the same emitter in clay soil may wet an area 24" or more in diameter....irrigating new plantings, you need at least one dripper directly on each root ball. A field test is useful. Slowly drip water from a garden hose on the soil to be irrigated. After half an hour, check to see how deep and wide the water has spread. Be sure to dig down into the soil away from the obvious wet area on the surface to see the extent of coverage. Drip emitters are typically available in flow rates of /2,, or 2 gallons per hour. Factors that influence the choice of flow rate include: () different rates are used to give different amounts of water to plants on the same system; (2) sandy soil takes a fast drip rate, while a 2 gph dripper in clay soil produces a puddle of water and may result in dirty water getting back into the drip tubing; () choosing slower drippers allows you to use more in a single zone, and allows longer runs of tubing. SELECTION, NUMBER & SPACING OF EMITTERS Flow Rate Number of Placement of (gph) Emitters Emitters Low shrubs (2-').0-2 at plant Shrubs and trees (-5') " either side Shrubs and trees (5-0') ' from trunk Shrubs and trees (0-20') ' apart Trees (over 20') or more 4' apart Flower beds.0 at plant Ground cover.0 at plant Vegetables, closely spaced every 2" 6 Call toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

9 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE DESIGN When irrigating new plantings, you need at least one dripper directly on each root ball. Water doesn t move well from surrounding soil into the growing medium in which container-grown plants are raised, and they are particularly vulnerable to drying out because of their small root zone. On a slope, put drippers on the uphill side of the plants that you are watering. Sizing your components After you have determined the number, output, and placement of emitters, mark them on your sketch. Draw in the lines to connect the emitters, noting the length of tubing and connectors needed. Add up the flow of each dripper to arrive at the total flow of the zone. Once you have determined the total flow, select the appropriate filter, pressure regulator, and tubing. For systems using 80 gph or less, a head assembly such as the hose bibb head assembly illustrated on page 8 is sufficient. Even on a small system a Y-filter may be preferable because it is so much easier to clean. Add up the flow of each dripper to arrive at the total flow of the zone. Tubing should be sized to keep pressure loss within acceptable limits so that each emitter is able to put out its expected flow. Pressure ranges for each emitter type are given on page in the parts catalog. You ll notice that pressure compensating emitters provide a constant flow rate over a wide range of pressures. Pressure is always lost to friction as water flows through tubing. Friction is greater at high flow rates and in smaller tubing. /2-inch tubing can be used for flows up to 20 gph. /8" tubing, sometimes preferable for its low profile and extra flexibility, will carry up to 00 gph. Check the catalog pages for recommended flows of other tubing sizes and maximum line length for different emitter lines. Elevation change is another factor that leads to pressure variations. If the tubing runs downhill, pressure increases by.4 psi per vertical foot. An equal amount of pressure is lost when the system runs uphill. If the difference between high and low points of the system is no more than 25 vertical feet and pressure-compensating emitters are used, then the pressure variation is acceptable. On a hilly site with greater elevation changes, the main problem is that the pressure starts to strain the tubing and fittings. Our solution is to start with a 20 psi pressure regulator at the top of the slope, and install an extra 20 psi pressure regulator every 25 feet down. We run tubing with emitters across the slope with a single supply line down the slope. If you do not use pressure-compensating emitters, more attention must be paid to keeping line-pressure values within acceptable limits. The maximum flow rates mentioned above for /8" and /2" tubing should be reduced by a third, to 66 gph and 20 gph respectively, and the maximum elevation change should be 0 feet. This is as much engineering as most home drip systems require. Higher flow rates can be handled by larger poly tubing or buried PVC pipe with risers for different areas. Once the tubing is laid out, extra drippers to water new plantings can be easily added. If expansion takes you over your usable flow rate, dividing the system into two or more parts is a simple solution. But no matter how large or small your system, a scale drawing is crucial in determining your needs. Here are some factors to consider when deciding between drippers or sprays for a particular area EMITTERS can be completely hidden by mulch, protected from view and from damage need a large number to water an area of ground cover or an annual flower bed give precise placement of water minimum water loss by evaporation in most landscapes, the coverage provided by a drip system will improve as the plants mature. As roots grow deeper, the duration of watering lengthens, and each dripper will irrigate a wider area maintenance of a drip system requires careful, if infrequent, inspection MICRO SPRAYS cannot be completely hidden; vulnerable to disturbance by children and pets can be placed 5-8 feet apart so less tubing is needed; easier to cultivate around the system not as precise as drippers not good for planters on decks, for instance. Can increase weed growth lose 20 0% of their water to evaporation coverage from sprays can deteriorate as the plants grow, blocking the spray patterns sprays can also be blocked by weed growth if problems develop with a spray system they are more easily seen Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 7

10 ASSEMBLY 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE The head assembly is the connection between the source of water and the drip irrigation system. At the least, it includes a backflow preventer, filter, and pressure regulator. Hose bibb head assembly. An timer connects to the hose bibb. Without a timer you must remember to turn it on and off manually. 2. A vacuum breaker, the simplest backflow preventer, connects after the timer. These should not be under constant pressure.. An in-line screen filter attaches to the vacuum breaker to keep rust and other water impurities from clogging the emitters. 4. A preset pressure regulator installs after the filter to reduce pressure in the lines to 25-0 psi. 5. A compression fitting connects the assembly to your tubing. These items cost about $00 and can be installed in two minutes. The most common addition to the basic head assembly is a fertilizer injector, which allows you to feed your plants while you water. Drip systems pose special problems with the usual methods of fertilizing, which rely on overhead water to dissolve and spread the nutrients. An injector allows you to apply fertilizer with the same accuracy as your watering system. All injectors should be installed downstream from a backflow preventer (no one wants to drink fertilizer!). Pipe-thread head assembly Most pipe-threaded systems start with an electric anti-siphon valve wired to a timer. The Y-filter screws directly into the valve, then the pressure regulator, and then the pipe-thread to tubing adapter connects to your lines. All pipe-threaded joints require at least wraps of teflon tape before you screw them together. An alternative set-up is to install a filter and an adjustable pressure regulator on the supply line leading to more than one automatic valve, with each valve controlling a 8 separate circuit. Be sure that the casing of the filter is strong enough to take full, constant water pressure (we recommend the Amiad filter, page 7), and use a brass adjustable pressure regulator. A standard vacuum breaker will be useless if installed on the supply line to one or more valves, because the plastic float inside it becomes stuck to its seat when the device is left under constant pressure. Rather, a vacuum breaker All hose-thread assembly Hose thread is the coarse thread used on the outlet side of hose bibbs and on the fittings of garden hoses. Hosethreaded components are typically lighter weight and will not carry as much water flow as pipe-threaded parts. The vacuum breaker goes after the timer. Pipe-thread assembly ) turn off house water 2) remove hose bibb ) screw in 4" brass nipple 4) screw on threaded tee 5) screw short nipple into tee side 6) add gate valve to nipple 7) move hose bibb to tee front 8) turn house water back on 9) build valve manifold item number, page SH6C, p.6 SH84B, p.6 DI900, p.8 CHHVB, p.7 HTF, p.8 HEPR25, p.6 C7FH, p.6 must be placed after each valve. We can supply backflow preventers to go on a constant pressure line, if necessary. Lines and Fittings Polyethylene tubing is run from the source of water to the plant, where the emitter is attached. Emitter line (poly tubing with pre-installed emitters) is used where a continuous band of water is needed. Deluxe hose bib assembly For easier servicing & higher flow rates, switch to pipe thread with an FHT X FPT adapter after the vacuum breaker, then you can use the better pipe thread Y filter & pressure regulator, just like the pipe thread system. item number, page DI900, p.8 CHHVB, p.7 CH2, p.6 AM9, p.7 SEPR0L, p.8 C7MP, p.6 parts are replaceable & last longer. Better suited to high water pressure & provides higher flow rates. Requires irrigation timer (see pages 9 & 22). SU80075, p.7 LL75ASVUB, p.7 AM9, p.7 SEPR0L, p.8 C7MP, p.6 Call toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

11 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE ASSEMBLY Poly tubing has many advantages. It is resistant to ultra-violet damage from the sun, giving it a life of 5-25 years. It is light, flexible, and easy to move. Its fittings require no glue or clamps. It has memory when emitters are inserted, it seals around their barbs. With both compression and barbed fittings, the tubing is pushed into place, and its elasticity and memory hold it secure. A barbed fitting fits inside the tubing; a compression fitting fits over it. Fittings are available to make sharp turns (elbows), branch lines (tees), and to make the transition between different sizes of tubing. At the end of each line is an end cap with provision for flushing the line. Couplings allow you to extend lines or replace damaged sections. As lines are laid out, the tubing may have to be secured until it takes shape. This can be done with stakes designed for this purpose. Leaving a little slack in the lines will allow for expansion and contraction from temperature changes, and will help prevent emitters from moving out of position. Emitters Once the lines are in place and flushed, the emitters can be installed. Simply make a hole in the tubing with a hole punch, then pop the barbed end of the emitter into the hole. If you punch a hole in the wrong place, it can be fixed with a goof plug. There are four ways to install emitters. The most common method is to place the emitter directly on the line. This way you only have to punch the hole and pop in the emitter. Another way is to install a connector into the line, run /4" tubing to the place where the water is desired, and push the emitter into the end of the tubing. A third way is to place the emitter on the tubing and use /8" or /4" tubing to transport the water to the base of each plant. Finally, you can cut /4" tubing and insert an inline emitter that drips and also allows water to pass through to the next emitter. To install a spray, first punch a hole in the main line and insert a /4" connector. A short length of /4" tubing then leads from the connector to a stake. The spray screws directly into the stake and can be raised with an extender if it is blocked by plants. Some misters are supplied already attached to a spike which pushes into the soil, and a barb to which you attach /4" tubing to supply water. Others are designed to be attached directly to tubing above the plants in a greenhouse or above a hanging basket, for example. Assembly Tips. Start the installation at the water source, working out to the laterals. 2. Be aware of the type of thread in your fittings. Forcing a hosethread fitting onto a pipe-thread fitting can strip threads and cause leaks.. When pipe-thread connections are made, wrap threads with at least three layers of Teflon tape before connecting. 4. Check the correct direction of flow on valves and head assembly parts. All pipe-thread components have an arrow on them that points in the direction of water flow. Hose-thread parts are even more foolproof: all inlets are female and all outlets are male, which makes correct installation natural when the parts are screwed onto a hose bibb. 5. Do not tighten plastic hose thread fittings with a wrench. If you need to use a wrench on plastic pipe-thread fittings, be very gentle. 6. If you want to use your hose bibb to connect a garden hose & a drip system, use a hose Y shut-off. This turns one hose bibb into two, each with its own shut-off. 7. Be careful to keep dirt out of the tubing during assembly. After laying out the lines, open the ends and let water run through to flush them. 8. Letting the tubing sit in the sun will make it easier to manipulate. Dipping the end of the tubing into hot water makes it easier to connect the fittings. 9. Do not force the tubing too far into compression fittings, as this may interfere with water flow (" into the fitting is enough). 0. When installing pipe under a sidewalk, let water dig for you. Attach a garden hose to a stiff piece of pipe and work the pipe under the structure.. When you punch a hole for an emitter or connector, hold the punch at a right angle to the tubing. This makes a round hole which will seal tightly around the barb of the emitter. Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 9

12 SYSTEM USE 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE Scheduling The object of each watering is to bring the moisture in the root zone up to a satisfactory level. Once the desired moisture content is reached, no more water should be applied. Too much water cuts off necessary oxygen and washes nutrients out of the reach of the roots. Before the soil has dried out too much the system should be run again. In this way the plants can be maintained in near optimal conditions. The new self-adjusting evapotranspiration controllers take the guesswork out of scheduling. See page 22. Many factors affect how much water should be applied in any one period of time. Among these are: soil type, root depth, air temperature, humidity, and the plant s maturity. With drip irrigation it is possible to take all of these factors into account to provide ideal growing conditions for your plants. The chart below lists times and intervals for watering different plants. Keep in mind that both are greatly affected by the factors mentioned above. The most important of those factors are depth of the root zone and soil composition. The deeper the roots and the finer the soil, the longer the watering time must be, but you can reduce the frequency of watering. A fine soil such as clay cannot absorb water very quickly, but will hold the moisture for a longer period of time. Shallow root zones and sandy soil types will require frequent waterings of a shorter duration. Observe plant and soil moisture conditions, consult local experts (agricultural extension agents, nursery personnel), and adjust watering times and intervals to maximize growth and minimize water use. In a system with mixed plantings, such as in most landscaping designs, some compromises may have to be made between plants that require 0 occasional deep watering and those that prefer frequent shallow watering. This can be partly accomplished by using emitters of higher output on the deep rooted plants. If this is not practical because of other factors, a compromise can be reached by doing shallow waterings on a frequent basis as well as occasional deep waterings. The new self adjusting evapotranspiration controllers take the guesswork out of scheduling. These new controllers apply exactly the right amount of water for each zone throughout the year, automatically, while reducing landscape water use by 20-50%. See page 22 for more information. Maintenance Occasional maintenance should be carried out on all drip irrigation systems. Inspect the flow from each emitter, flush lines by unscrewing the end caps and turning the water on, and clean the filter. The development of drip irrigation products now in their third decade has led to successful and trouble-free systems for both the farmer and the homeowner. The design of a system using filtration and quality emitters will make maintenance a simple yearly task. Visual inspection of the system is the best way to observe performance, and can be done in minutes while gardening. We suggest that you plan a complete inspection of your system at the beginning of each season. This may be all that you need to do unless there is much foot traffic or animal damage. The other time to check your system carefully is after any new planting or garden maintenance that may have damaged the tubing. Turn on your system when it is quiet and listen for leaks. If you are having trouble with your system, conduct the standard maintenance procedures first. If the problem is a single emitter, replace it. If it is more widespread, look for a break in the lines. If the problem cannot be determined by observation, it may be a result of inadequate water supply or faulty system design. Feel free to call the Urban Farmer Store for assistance. Goof plugs can be used to plug holes from which emitters have been removed. They are very simple to use, and are indispensable when doing repair work or changing your pattern of plantings. Likewise, couplings come in very handy when any repair needs to be done on a damaged section of line. Simply cut out the damaged section and install a new piece using the couplings to connect the two pieces together. WATERING SCHEDULE GUIDELINES Type of Plant Time Intervals (in hours) (in days) Low shrubs (2 - ') 2 Shrubs and trees ( - 5') 4 Shrubs and trees (5-0') 4 5 Shrubs and trees (0-20') 5 6 Trees (20' or over) 6 7 Flower beds 2 Ground covers 2 Vegetables - close spacing.5-2 Vegetables - wide spacing.5 2 Potted plants -0 min. Call toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

13 2006 THE URBAN FARMER STORE Drip Emitters Emitters are the most important part of any drip irrigation system. They should deliver water at a predictable rate and resist clogging. In a large or hilly system, the emitter should compensate for variations in line pressure. Emitter types are: Simple orifice flow is limited by a very small hole. Laminar flow water travels through a long spiral or tube, permitting a larger opening than the simple orifice emitter. Turbulent flow turbulence reduces water pressure, allowing the flow path of a laminar flow emitter to be widened. This decreases clogging problems and provides partial pressure compensation. Diaphragm a silicone rubber orifice constricts as the pressure increases. This results in full pressure compensation, making them the emitter of choice for large systems and systems on slopes. Diaphragm emitters also resist clogging, since debris is expelled through the large, relaxed orifice at the beginning and end of each irrigation cycle. gph = gallons per hour Turbulent flow design allows use of a larger water passage, which minimizes clogging. Widely used agricultural emitter with good uniformity of manufacture. /4" inlet. By NETAFIM. Isoflow diaphragm emitter, full pressure compensation from 0 to 50 psi. Can be cleaned out with a paperclip without removing it from the system. /4" inlet. By AGRI- FIM. PC Plus labyrinth/diaphragm disc design. A selfpiercing barb allows the emitter to be pushed directly in the supply line. /4" tubing can be attached to both inlet and outlet. By AGRIFIM. PCjr next generation pressure compensating self flushing emitters provide uniform flow between 7 and 50 psi with.5 psi check valve that holds back up to a.5 foot column of water. /4" tubing can be attached to both inlet (always colored) or outlet (always black) By Netafim. Mini-Inline turbulent flow design with two /4" barbs. Main flow of water passes through the emitter and continues down the line, while the drip comes from an orifice on the side of the emitter. Used to make a chain of emitters, 6" to 2" apart, for use in planters. End the line with a Turbulent flow, PC Plus or Isoflow emitter. By AGRIFIM. Shrubbler emitters are fully adjustable from a gentle stream pattern for wide coverage to a precise drip action. Particularly useful to spread the water in loose soil such as in containers, or where a high flow rate is required (adjustable from 0 to gph). Available in full-circle or halfcircle models, and with either a /4" barb or a 5" spike with barb. By ANTELCO. Item Catalog # Price /4 gph Yellow IDCOR025.2 /2 gph Red IDCOR05.2 gph Black IDCOR.2 2 gph Green IDCOR2.2 /2 gph Red AFIF05.44 gph Black AFIF gph Green AFIF20.44 /2 gph Red RDPC05.8 gph Black RDPC0.8 2 gph Green RDPC20.8 Inserter PCPIT.00 /2 gph Red NFPCJR05.8 gph Gray NFPCJR0.8 2 gph Green NFPCJR20.8 /2 gph Red MIN05.40 gph Black MIN barb SPSHRUB spike SPSHRUBSTK barb SPSHRUB spike SPSHSTK80.75 inline 60 barb SPSHRUBIN.65 Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice

14 PARTS CATALOG Sprays Sprays used with drip irrigation differ from conventional sprinklers in that they water more slowly and operate at low pressures. This allows them to be used successfully in systems with drip emitters. Weather Tec mister comes with a built-in stake which allows you to point the spray in the desired direction. Throws a narrow cone of water, usually at an individual plant. By WEATHER TEC. O-Jet spray one-piece construction, comes in 90, 80 and 0-0 pattern outputs. By 20 psi GPH Misters have the lowest output and produce the smallest droplets. They are in the 2 5 gph range and are directed at one or two plants. Jet sprays have a small deflection cap that directs a stream of water into a specific pattern BLACK 6 4' 5' 5' BLUE 0 5' 6' 6' GREEN 7 6' 7' 7' RED 24 7' 8' 8' Distances above are radius Stake holds jet sprays and mini-sprinklers..5" overall length with /4" barb for tubing on input. Spray tips screw directly into stake. By GLOBAL. Varijet sprays come in 90, 80 and 60 models. Maximum output 40 gph with a 22' diameter. Downward adjustment reduces both area and gallonage. Hydro-pop sprays connect to regular /4" drip tubing with simple compression and pop up at 5 psi minimum. Available in 6" and 2" and with optional protector attachment to keep soil out. Use with any threaded spray nozzle. By AGRIFIM. Varirotor rotating sprinkler with shut-off uses from 0-0 gph wide open and waters a circle up to 0' in diameter, with good control for smaller areas. Note: low precipitation rate makes it hard to balance this spray with the jet sprays. By ANTELCO. Vortex spray Spectrum 60 jets throw a heavy, fullcircle spray. Adjustable up to 5.5' radius, 0-20gph. One with a screw base like a jet spray, the other with built-in spike. By ANTELCO. Mister 2 gph output, good for hanging plants, bonsai. Attach to mainline with /4" tubing or use with optional stake. By TORO AG. THE URBAN FARMER STORE (i.e., 90, 80, etc.) to cover an area of plantings. Vortex sprays throw a full circle spray up to an ' diameter. Minisprinklers water a full-circle by spinning small droplets or streams in a 60 arc to 25' diameter. Item Catalog # Price gph WTMS.0 5 gph WTMS5.0 Black 90 OJETBK Black 0-0 OJETBK00.40 Black 80 OJETBK80.40 Blue 90 OJETBU Blue 80 OJETBU80.40 Blue 0-0 OJETBU00.40 Green 90 OJETGR Green 80 OJETGR80.40 Green 0-0 OJETGR00.40 Red 90 OJETRD Red 80 OJETRD80.40 Red 0-0 OJETRD00.40 Stake MJSS.60 Varijet 90 VJ90.95 Varijet 80 VJ80.95 Varijet 60 VJ " pop-up height AFHPJR " pop-up height AFPH 5.50 Protector AFPUPS 2.00 Varirotor 60 VRS spray SPSPRAY w/ spike SPSPRAYSTK.75 2 gph mister RJMS2.65 stake RJMSST.8 2 Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

15 THE URBAN FARMER STORE PARTS CATALOG Emitter Line Emitter lines consist of polyethylene tubing with drip emitters installed by the factory at regular intervals. Traditionally emitter line has used turbulent flow (or labyrinth) emitters, and now pressure compensating emitters are also available. The emitters are installed as part of the tubing extrusion process, resulting in a sturdy product that can take light foot traffic and is easy to handle. The lines are best installed on or near the soil surface, often covered with a layer of mulch. A drip system using emitter lines is much quicker to lay out than installing individual emitters, and is the best answer for dense plantings or plants on regular spacing. If the plants are spaced irregularly or have different water needs, it's best to stick to individual emitters. Item Catalog # Price Emitter line cut away showing turbulent flow labyrinth /4" Emitter Line is available with /2 gph emitters on 6" or 2" spacing. 6" spacing is best used to water plants in very loose soils, such as window boxes and other containers with annual plantings. 2" spacing can be used for small vegetable beds and to make loops around the base of trees and shrubs. Attach the emitter line to larger tubing with /4" connectors (or /4" on/off valves to control each row of vegetables). End each line with a goof plug or diaphragm-type dripper for extra flushing action. Maximum length is 9' for 6" spacing, ' for 2" spacing. By DRIP IN & PEPCO. /2" Emitter Line with /2 gph turbulent flow emitters on 2" spacing is our most frequently used emitter line. The large labyrinth flow path gives an emitter resistant to clogging problems. /2" line is also available with emitters spaced 8" or 24" apart (500' rolls only). Maximum lateral length is 200' for 2" spacing, 260' for 8" spacing, 20' for 24" spacing. By DRIP IN. /4" Emitter Line 6" spacing, 00' roll PDL " spacing, 00' roll PDL /2" Emitter Line 2" spacing, 00' roll PDL " spacing, 500' roll PDL " spacing, 500' roll 24" spacing, 500' roll (only available in 500' rolls, call for pricing) Sub-surface Emitter Line Emitter line is also available with a slow-release herbicide mixed into the plastic of each emitter. This means that the lines can be buried particularly under lawns without the problem of roots growing into the emitters. Typical spacing for burial under lawns is to use tubing with drippers 2" apart, and space the laterals from 2" to 8" apart depending on soil type. See Lawns (page 4) for installation details of air vents and automatic drain valves in valve boxes. Rootguard Emitter Line is /2" tubing with gph turbulent flow emitters installed 2" apart. Manufactured by Toro the DL2000 has the herbicide Treflan fused into the emitter path to prevent root intrusion. This protection should last from 8 to 25 years depending on soil temperature. Maximum lateral length is 0'. By TORO. 2" spacing, 00' roll RGP " spacing, 00' roll RGP Auto flush valve, /2" MPT NFFV.82 Air vent, /2" MPT NFAVRV " round valve box BR Other brands, flow rates & spacings are available. Call to discuss options for your particular needs. Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice

16 PARTS CATALOG THE URBAN FARMER STORE Tubing Polyethylene tubing is the standard supply line for drip irrigation systems. It is flexible, resists UV radiation, and has memory which makes it easy to connect no glue or clamps needed. Choose tubing large enough to carry water for all the emitters and sprays that may be attached to it. Figure that /8" tubing will carry up to 00 gph. /2" tubing will carry 20 gph. Larger sizes are available for higher flow rates. OD = outside diameter ID = inside diameter Item Catalog # Price /2" PE is used for mainline in most systems. Actual dimensions are.700" OD,.600" ID. Maximum flow rate approx 20 gph, depending on length. /8" PE is more flexible and easier to hide than /2", so is used for lateral lines & deck systems. Actual dimensions are.455" OD,.75" ID. Flow rate to 00 gph. /4" PE has actual dimensions of.250" OD,.70" ID. Flow rate to 5 gph, or more on a short run to a single spray. /4" PVC is extra flexible for easier use around containers. Dimensions are.275" OD,.60" ID. Flow rate to 2 gph. /8" PE has actual dimensions of.85" OD,.25" ID. Use on the outlet side of micro-flapper emitters. /2 X 00 PE /2 X 500 PE /8 X 00 PE /8 X 500 PE /4 X 00 PE /4 X 500 PE /4 X 00 PF /8 X 00 PE Compression adapters Compression adapters can be used to make custom fittings. They glue into standard PVC fittings to make compression fittings for PE tubing. If you need to connect to other brands of tubing, send us a small sample or bring it with you to one of our stores. BLACK Socket Adapter Glues into /4" PVC fitting or onto /2" pipe Fits.700" OD PE OD AFSA BLUE (or Black) Compression Adapter Glues into /2" PVC fitting. Fits.700" OD PE OD ( /2") CA7.25 GREEN Compression Adapter Glues into /2" PVC fitting. Fits.620" OD PE OD CA6.25 Multidiameter Fittings BROWN Compression Adapter Glues into /2" PVC fitting. Fits Netafim Techline... RED Compression Adapter Glues into /2" PVC fitting. Fits /8" PE... Multidiameter fittings, new from Rain Bird, work well with all of the PE tubing diameters commonly called "half inch" indicated by black, blue, green & brown compression rings (see above). If you want to stock only one size in your kit that's sure to fit everything you might encounter (except /8"), these are the ones!.660 OD CA OD ( /8") CA4.25 Elbow RBMDCFEL.22 Coupling RBMDCFCOUP.0 Tee RBMDCFTEE.52 /2" FPT insert RBMD50FPT.62 /2" MPT insert RBMD50MPT.62 /4" FPT insert RBMD75FPT.62 /4" MPT insert RBMD75MPT.62 Flush cap RBMDCAP.62 4 Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

17 THE URBAN FARMER STORE PARTS CATALOG Fittings T Fittings for /2" and /8" tubing work on a principle that makes it easy to get the tubing into them, but much harder to pull it out. These compression fittings cause minimal pressure loss. Size of branch is stated last. Simple barbed tees are used for /4" tubing. No glue is used to hold poly tubing into fittings. Item Catalog # Price /4" barb T2.25 /8" T4.90 /2" T7.90 /2 x /2 x /8 T /8 x /8 x /2 T L Fittings for /2" and /8" tubing are compression type as above. Barbed elbows are used for /4" tubing. Drip tubing is flexible, so turns can be made without kinking. But elbows are useful around decks, patios, and in restricted spaces, where sharp 90 turns are needed. /4" barb L2.25 /8" L4.90 /2" L7.90 Couplings for /2" or /8" tubing are used to add to a system, repair damaged sections or to connect one size to another. /4" connectors are used to connect /4" tubing to /2" or /8" (punch a hole in the larger tubing with a hole punch) or to connect /4" to itself. /4" barb C2.5 /8" C4.55 /2" C7.55 /2 x /8" C74.55 End caps for /2" and /8" tubing with screwcap (hose thread) allow the system to be flushed out periodically. Automatically flushing end caps for above-ground use are also available that flush some water at the beginning and end of every watering period. This helps to purge the system of any silt that might build up in the tubing. Thread-to-tubing adapter makes the final connection between the head assembly and the PE drip tubing. Hose-thread adapters swivel like the female end of a garden hose. Pipe-thread adapters need Teflon tape to make the connection watertight. Swivel fittings are used to connect /2" tubing to /2" MPT risers from underground PVC. They can be used when retrofitting drip to an existing sprinkler system, or if you use PVC to distribute the water to several beds and then need to switch to /2" poly. /8 " E4.70 /8 " flush E4FE.50 /2 " E7.70 /2 " flush E7FE.75 /8" x /4"MPT C4MP.95 /2" x /4"MPT C7MP.95 /8" x FHT C4FH.98 /2" x FHT C7FH.98 /2" poly x /2"FPT swivel tee TS7.80 swivel elbow LS7.80 Goof plugs stop the leak if you wish to remove a dripper, spray, or /4" connector. One size fits most. Pkg of 0 GP.50 MHT Male Hose Thread (always /4") FHT Female Hose Thread (always /4") MPT Male Pipe Thread FPT Female Pipe Thread Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 5

18 PARTS CATALOG THE URBAN FARMER STORE Fittings On/Off valves are used to control sections of a system. /8" and /2" shut-offs are useful for individual control of vegetable beds, or areas of landscape with low water needs. The /4" on/off valve is excellent for turning off sprayers, supply lines to containers, or individual rows of /4" emitter line in a small vegetable bed. Hose Y shut-off allows a drip system and a garden hose (or 2 drip systems) to run from one faucet. Gooseneck swivel lets hose bib accessories hang straight from the Y. Brass bodies, on/off valve for each outlet. Hose-thread to pipe-thread adapters are available to allow connections between incompatible components. Most FHT fittings swivel and all include a hose washer. Pipe thread fittings should be wrapped with Teflon tape to be watertight. Hose thread is always /4". Teflon tape wraps around male pipe-thread to ensure a watertight seal. Do not use pipe dope or compound near automatic valves or on plastic threaded parts. 520" x /2" roll. Item Catalog # Price /4" barbed shut-off SO2.99 /8" shut-off SO4.95 /2" shut-off SO7.95 Hose thread shut-off SOH.95 Brass Y shut-off SH6C 8.50 Gooseneck swivel SH84B 6.9 /4"MPT x MHT TRANS.75 /2"MPT x MHT RBDP.89 FHT x FHT CH MHT x /4"MPT CH08.99 or /2"FPT FHT x /4"MPT CH or /2"FPT FHT x /4"FPT CH2 2.7 FHT x /2"FPT CH 2.60 /2" X 520" 5TT05.8 Punches orange yellow Stakes & Clips Blue & Green Punch makes holes in the walls of /2" and /8" tubing for emitters and connectors. Its long handle enables powerful leverage when used with a combination of pressure and rotation. The other end has a hex fitting in the end to help install Ojets. Ergonomic squeeze punch uses the power of its lever handle to reduce hand fatigue. Remove tubing cradle insert for larger tubing diameters. Replaceable springloaded punch bit retracts after every punch. It streamlines workflow, reduces stress, and makes clean holes. Orange & Yellow Punch Keys have hex fitting in handles. Use in /2" and /8" tubing to make holes for /8" and /4" fittings & emitters the yellow is sharper! ", 6" & 9" long galvanized wire stakes hold /4", /8", /2" & /4" respective sizes of poly tubing in place. Estimate one stake for every 5' of tubing or so. Plastic stakes hold /4" & /8"tubing in place. Blue punch /8" PBU 2.50 Green punch /4" PGR 2.50 Ergonomic squeeze punch w/ blue bit AGPUNCH.50 Extra blue bit /8" PBITB.85 Extra green bit /4" PBITG.54 Orange punch POR.95 Yellow punch PK.95 " stake S2M.0 Pack of 50 S2M " stake S7.4 Pack of 50 S " stake S7L.8 Pack of 50 S7L Mounting clips attach PE tubing to wood. /4" & /8"stake S2.6 /8" clip MC.0 /4" clip MC2.0 /8" clip MC4.5 /2" clip MC7.5 6 Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

19 THE URBAN FARMER STORE PARTS CATALOG Water Connection The following components are commonly used at the beginning of a drip system. A backflow preventer is required for all watering systems that are connected to the household water supply. The most common and reliable type is an anti-siphon device that eliminates the possibility of back siphonage of irrigation water. The anti-siphon is usually part of the irrigation valve, or it can screw onto a regular garden hose bibb. A filter protects the small openings of drippers, sprays, and emitter lines from clogging. It contains a fine mesh screen that can be rinsed and reused. Y-filters are the easiest type to clean and allow higher flow rates. A pressure regulator reduces the high water pressure in home plumbing from the normal lbs per sq. in. (psi) to 0 psi or less, depending on the model used. This lower pressure greatly increases the life of your tubing and fittings and will reduce leaks and blowouts. Use 25 or 0 psi for most systems, or 20 psi if you are starting at the top of a slope because the water gains pressure as it travels downhill. A fertilizer injector can be inserted before the filter (see page 8). It allows you to use any soluble fertilizer with precise control over the concentration and amount. Make sure that the fertilizer is truly water soluble and that the backflow preventer is working. Backflow Preventer Hose-thread vacuum breaker FHT x MHT screws onto a regular garden faucet to prevent back-siphonage. Must be above high point of irrigation system. Plastic or brass models. Item Catalog # Price Plastic vacuum HEVB.75 breaker Brass vacuum CHHVB 4.90 breaker Filters Hose-thread filter FHT x MHT. Good for small systems with clean water supply. 50 mesh washable screen. Maximum flow 80 gph. Y-filter MPT x MPT. Large filtration area, spin-clean flow pattern. Easy to clean filter screen. Install after valve, maximum flow /4"-6 gpm, "-8 gpm. Both come with 55 mesh screen and are MPT x MPT. Filter HTF 5.00 /4" Filter AM9.25 " Filter AM9E 5.95 Y-filter with flush valve. MPT x MPT. Has an extraheavy casing and can be installed on the supply line to several valves. /4" max flow- gpm. " max flow-20 gpm. Both come with 55 mesh screen and are MPT x MPT. /4" Filter AM " Filter AM Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 7

20 PARTS CATALOG THE URBAN FARMER STORE Pressure Regulators Hendrickson pre-set 25 lb pressure regulator, used in small systems from a hose bibb. FHT x MHT. Senninger pre-set 20 and 0 lb pressure regulators, used in most systems. /4" FPT inlet and outlet, will handle flows from /0th to 8 gpm. " FPT inlet and outlet, set at 0 psi for flows up to 20 gpm. Wilkins BR4 series adjustable pressure regulator. Pressure range is 5-50 psi, maximum inlet pressure 400 psi. Bronze body with union and composite bell housing. May be installed in any position. /4" and " models. Item Catalog # Price 25 psi HEPR25 $5.75 /4" FPT/20psi SEPR20L 8.45 /4" FPT/0psi SEPR0L 8.45 " FPT/0psi SEPR0M 9.95 Pipe thread regulator with union /4" FPT WIBR " FPT WIBR Fertilizer Injectors EZ-Flo Automatic Fertilizer Injectors feed through a garden hose, drip system, or after the irrigation zone, every time you water. It can be connected after any valve on an existing sprinkler or drip irrigation system as long as the unit is only under pressure while it is operating. Gardeners have long loved this unit for its ability to feed their flowers, trees and shrubs without constantly refilling the tank. Hose bib and drip units come in three tank sizes: /4 gallon (2.8 liters) EZ2005HB gallon (5 liters) EZ20HB 6.90 gallon (.4 liters) EZ200HB recommended water-soluble seasonal fertilizers in 5 pound plastic bags: Spring EZ Summer EZ Fall EZ Optional PVC pipe connection accessories: Thread tap kit EZTHD 6.25 ¾" Coupling Socket EZC " Coupling Socket EZC Hose/Drip Connection Optional Sprinkler Connection Hose End Controls Use a hose end control to automatically operate a moveable lawn sprinkler or drip system up to 4 gallons per minute maximum. Digital Water Timer Runs with up to 4 start times per day or as seldom as once a week. Operate it manually without having to reprogram. Watering durations can be set to last from one minute to hours. The most common installation is to attach a hose Y shut-off and gooseneck swivel (page 6) to your faucet and attach the timer to one branch. The EZ model is easy to program with one dial to select preset frequency and another dial to select preset duration. Both operate reliably with low flow and low water pressure and have a year warranty. One 9-volt battery, required (not included) that can last up to one year. WaterMaster Mechanical Timer You turn it on, it turns itself off, so you can go about your day without another thought. This sturdy valve gives accurate control at any water flow and can run for up to 2 hours. No battery required. Catalog # Price DI900D Digital DIEZ 2-dial analog B9 9-Volt battery.20 OR Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

21 THE URBAN FARMER STORE PARTS CATALOG Electric Timers & Valves ) a timer which is plugged into regular 0v power and can be programmed with start and stop times, and days of the week for watering to occur. The timer sends a low-voltage signal out to the valves. Irrigation Timers A permanent automatic control system consists of three parts: 2) automatic solenoid valves which attach to the water supply and open and close to send water to each irrigation zone. These often include anti-siphon type backflow preventers, in which case they should be installed at least 2" higher than the highest point they control. ) valve wire which is similar to, but slightly larger than, telephone cable. It can be run through crawl spaces, stapled above ground to a house or fence, or buried in soil. Hunter XC 4 Station Controller is designed for those who don t want a big controller, but do want one with all the features that meet their irrigation requirements. Available in 4 station indoor & outdoor models, the XC offers all the features you would expect to find only on more expensive units: intuitive dial programming; seasonal adjustment (from 0% to 50%); easy on-screen adjustment (in 0% increments); programs with multiple start times; accommodates repeat watering requirements, morning, afternoon and evening: large LCD display with interactive icons; choice of independent day scheduling options; rain sensor compatible (but will not support ET System); & non-volatile memory. 4 Station Indoor HUXC-400-I $ Station Outdoor HUXC Hunter Pro C series is an incredibly versatile, next-generation irrigation control platform with a full 2-year warranty. Modular design lets you customize unit to desired number of stations with expansion modules. Buy only the number of stations you need in units of three. Large easy-to-read LCD display for simplified programming. Three programs (A,B,C) with multiple start times. Independent programming handles many different watering requirements. Choice of independent day scheduling options: days of the week, odd/even, or day interval for maximum flexibility with global water budget/seasonal adjustment. Easily change run time of all zones from 0% to 50%. The new evapotranspiration Hunter ET-System (see page 22) runs the Pro-C platform and can cut landscape water use by up to 50% without stressing lawn or plants. Its non-volatile memory holds programs indefinitely and its design incorporates microcircuit protection with no fuses to worry about. Hunter Pro C Station Outdoor Timer HUPC00 $57.00 Station Indoor Timer HUPC00I Both expandable up to 5 Stations Station Expansion Module HUPCM Station Expansion Module from 6-5 HUPCM The Hunter Mini-Clik shuts sprinklers off in a storm and keeps them off, automatically compensating for the amount of rainfall that occurred. There's no simpler way to ensure that your system isn't watering when it isn't necessary. Easily installs on any automatic irrigation system Versatile enough to work with all popular controllers Constructed of high impact thermoplastic and aluminum Built sturdy for years of trouble-free operation. Adjusts to actuate at various rainfall quantities Set from /8" to " based upon your local conditions Includes 25 feet of 20 gauge two conductor wire Fast and easy mounting out of sight Hunter Mini-Clik Rain Sensor MC Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 9

22 PARTS CATALOG Automatic Valves Irritrol ASVF /4" irrigation valve with antisyphon backflow preventer. This valve is rated from 0 50psi. It will operate at flow rates as low as 5 gallons per hour to over 0 gallons per minute, making it ideal for all sizes of residential drip systems. Other features include internal and external bleeds for purging and ergonomic manual turn-on, and a low-power solenoid that requires less inrush current (0.40amps) than most and so will operate with a weaker electrical signal (0.2amps). THE URBAN FARMER STORE Item Catalog # Price Electric anti-siphon valve /4" RI7APR Rain Bird DV /4" irrigation valve. This is a straight valve that is usually buried in a valve access box. It has all the features of the ASVF (above) except that it has no backflow preventer. Use with an RP. Also available in a heavy-duty " size with flow control. Electric valve /4" RB75DV " valve w. flow control RB00DVF For San Francisco residents Heavy-duty brass irrigation valve with anti-syphon. (Plastic valves do not meet local Plumbing Code.) Easier to service than plastic valves and virtually indestructible. Will take high water pressure, earthquakes, and should last 0-50 years with the replacement of a few rubber parts. Has a union on the outlet side which simplifies assembly and checking for leaks. Sold as 2 parts: anti-siphon body + valve actuator. Battery powered actuator & controller for areas where it is difficult or impossible to run electrical power or controller wire. Use with brass /4" anti-siphon body listed above. Available in single station with actuator or a 4-station model with actuators sold individually. Requires two 9-volt batteries, not included. Waterproof case with waterproof connectors. Shown left: single station controller w/actuator, & separate /4" brass anti-syphon body /4" brass anti-siphon body only LL75ASVUB /4" brass electric valve actuator SU Single station controller w/actuator DI Station controller w/connectors DI W.90 Individual actuator w/solenoid DI Wire and Splices Tip: On long, difficult runs add a backup strand in case one becomes faulty. Plan for expansion by running extra strands for future valves. 8 gauge irrigation valve control wire with heavy coating permits underground use without conduit. The number of insulated strands in the wire you need is determined by the number of valves in each location plus one common wire for each location. Each irrigation valve has two wires: one attaches to its own strand of the control wire and the other is attached to the common strand. Waterproof Wire Nuts Gel-tite water resistant wire connectors are secure and easy to use. Every splice should be in its own wire nut to prevent shorts. 2 strand 8x2./ft. strand 8x.20/ft. 4 strand 8x4.24/ft. 5 strand 8x5./ft. 6 strand 8x6.8/ft. 7 strand 8x7.4/ft. 0 strand 8x0.52/ft g wires MURGBK g wires MURGBKGR Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

23 THE URBAN FARMER STORE PARTS CATALOG Instant Manifolds " Schedule 80 PVC instant manifolds assemble without tools. O-ring seals eliminate glue, tape, paste, and dope. No sweat! Instant manifolds require a special nipple for each valve and an end-cap. Connect manifolds together for any number of anti-syphon combination or globe valves. Integral unions make it easy to install and replace " or /4" valves. They're lightweight, compact, strong, and UV resistant. Item Part # Price Single outlet manifold 000 $5.7 Double outlet manifold Triple outlet manifold Quad outlet manifold " end cap " to " nipple " to /4" nipple Useful things Clear & Green Garden Tie for tying vines, plants, vegetables, and espalier. Strong & flexible. Will not girdle tender stems or growing branches. Clear tape disappears. Green colored tape blends with foliage. /2" x 00'-Clear 6GTC $.79 " x 50'-Clear 6GTC.49 /2" x 00'-Green 6GT.59 " x 50'-Green 6STT.29 Hose thread water pressure gauge helps when planning or troubleshooting an irrigation system. Clear face accurately identifies static pressure in psi (shown above). Water flow and pressure guage also available for identifying dynamic pressure and flow Pressure Only ORGAUGE $6.25 Flow & Pressure TO Rain Bird Irrigation Supplement is water bound in the form of a solid gel. It is an ideal irrigation supplement for use in establishing native plant material where permanent irrigation is not required as well as new plant material in existing landscape areas. Rain Bird IS increases survival rates of transplants by providing continuous moisture needed to reduce the stress of relocation. RBISGP0 0-day gel pack $.40 RBISQT 60-day quart $.8 Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 2

24 PARTS CATALOG THE URBAN FARMER STORE Self-Adjusting Evapotranspiration Controllers We selected the three best new controllers that use evapotranspriation technology to cut landscape water use by up to 50% while enabling lush, thriving plants. This is the biggest breakthrough for landscape water conservation since the introduction of drip irrigation over 0 years ago. Two are offered as upgrades for our most popular controllers and one is ideal for new landscapes. In order to ensure correct installation and optimum performance pre-purchase training is required. Typically the return on the investment cost for these systems is realized within two years. Once correctly installed, they operate trouble-free without manual adjustments or wasteful watering. Evapotranspiration (ET) is the amount of water that is lost from the soil through evaporation and plant use. As the days get longer and warmer from March to August, ET, or the plant s need for water, gradually increases. Besides the length of day, temperature, humidity, and rainfall all are factored into watering schedules. When the rain usually ends in March, irrigation controllers traditionally are turned on and then left running on a preset schedule until well into the fall when it begins raining again. This schedule waters too much on some days and not enough on others, either wasting water or causing plant stress. More efficient irrigation scheduling would readjust the system run times to match the changing plant water needs daily, and would water less as days get cooler and shorter in the fall. ET irrigation controllers readjust themselves automatically as often as needed without manual reprogramming using three sources of information:. Built in logic has solar radiation values for every micro climate, permanently stored onboard in memory, by postal zip code or latitude. The Hunter ET System sensor measures actual soloar radiation on site. This is the biggest breakthrough for landscape water conservation since the introduction of drip irrigation over 0 years ago. 2. Entered data about each zone to be watered like, soil type, plant type, irrigation type (sprinklers or drip), and slope.. Real-time data from on-site sensors or wireless ET weather data service enabling fast response to unexpected rain storms and heat waves. Hunter ET System Irritrol Smart Dial Weathermatic Smartline How offered: Number of stations: Runs the expandable Hunter Pro C, ACC & ICC, controller platforms, not included Same as Pro C or ICC platform Pro C max=5 ICC max=48 Upgrade panel for Irritrol Rain Dial controllers or as new indoor or outdoor rated models New expandable controller one plug-in model is rated for indoor or outdoors locationsideal for new landscapes! 6, 9, or 2 4 expandable to 8, 2, & 6, or 6 expandable to 24 Real time weather data: Onsite sensor array (included) tracks: solar radiation, relative humidity, temperature, and precipitiation. ET Weather Data Subscription Service (wireless). One year included with purchase, cost $5 per month thereafter. On-site weather monitor commercial or residential grades available. Without a weather monitor, the controller can operate in standard mode like a regular controller. Pre-purchase training: Recommended-Free class in stores Required-Free classes in stores Required-Free classes in stores List prices: Check for rebate offers & incentive programs from your water provider on these items! ET System ET System module with sensor array...$99. ET Wind Optional Anemometer...$99. Pro C (required) Indoor station expandable to 5...$26. Outdoor station expandable to 5...$57. Expansion modules station expansion module...$9. 9 station expansion module...$59. Upgrades from Rain Dial 6 Station Smart Dial Upgrade Panel...$ Station Smart Dial Upgrade Panel...$ Station Smart Dial Upgrade Panel...$649. Indoor rated models 6 Station Smart Dial Indoor...$69. 9 Station Smart Dial Indoor...$ Station Smart Dial Indoor...$79. Outdoor rated models 6 Station Smart Dial Outdoor...$ Station Smart Dial Outdoor...$699. Rated for indoor or outdoor use Smartline 4 station expandable to 6...$56.95 Smartline 6 station expandable to 24..$6.90 Expansion modules 4 station expansion module...$ station expansion module...$79.95 Weather monitors Commercial On-Site Weather Monitor...$ Residential 0n-Site Weather Monitor...$ Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

25 THE URBAN FARMER STORE PARTS CATALOG Why convert? Simple answer: it's better for most plants and it uses water more efficiently. Drip irrigation converts a high-pressure stream to a slow emission of droplets that can be placed exactly where water is needed in the plant's root zone. Unlike sprays and sprinklers, there is no evaporation loss, and the amount of water each plant receives can be tailored to suit its needs. Drip will maximize the amount of water available to the roots of plants grown on slopes because the slow delivery of water won t run off the surface before having a chance to soak into the soil. Sometimes converting to sprinklers to drip is made necessary by site conditons. Extra service can be squeezed from an existing sprinkler system as the galvanized pipes corrode near the end of its useful life. While the corroded pipes can no longer effectively carry enough water to run the sprinkler system, there is often plenty of pressure and flow for a new drip system. Rust and iron particles in these kinds of retrofitted systems can pose a problem for the drip emitters, so replace or clean the drip system filters often. As shrubs and perennials mature and grow, they often block the distribution pattern of sprinklers and prevent water from reaching the intended spots. When conversion is indicated for any of these reasons there are three viable approaches. Full drip conversion Partial drip conversion Multi-outlet emitters One or more zones of an existing sprinkler system can be completely converted to a conventional drip system. The first step is to insert a filter and pressure regulator near the beginning of the system. The best place is often right after the control valve. Use schedule 80 (gray) pipe and fittings above ground after the pressure regulator. The existing underground pipe continues to distribute the water, and saves a lot of digging. Insert a schedule 80 nipple or male adapter and schedule 80 pipe after the pressure regulator. Glue this to the exisiting pipe below ground using the appropriate fitting. With full, partial zone, or sprinkler body retrofit conversions, heads are removed and replaced with parts, including a PVC fitting, and special compression or barbed adapters. Flexible, black polyethylene (PE) tubing, attached in place of the sprinkler heads, allows the use of standard drip irrigation A devices to deliver water to your various plants. Add emitters, misters and micro sprays as needed. Remove and cap sprinkler heads not needed for drip. Using this method, one filter and pressure regulator can serve hundreds of emitters. Drip lines can be left on the surface, or covered by a layer of soil or mulch to become invisible. Sprinkler to Drip Conversion Alternatively, a filter and pressure regulator can be attached to a sprinkler riser and the drip system laid out from this point. The main drawback to this method is cost. If you wish to use several risers as connection points for the drip system, you will need to purchase a filter and pressure regulator and hiding them from view can be a challenge. Sprinkler body retrofit For partial conversion applications, Rain Bird makes a convenient sprinkler body replacement, which contains a filter, and pressure regulator. Just unscrew the old sprinkler body and screw on the retrofit body and attach a connector for the drip-tubing. /2" MPT swivel outlet 0 psi pressure regulator 200-mesh filter Rugged, UV-resistant 800 body Retrofit body RBXRETRO $8.85 Use these convenient fittings to adapt the /2" MPT on a Schedule 80 riser or Rain Bird retrofit body to /4" or /2" PE tubing in full, partial, or retrofit conversions. Cap or plug old & unused sprinkler body risers, swing joints, & fittings. A. Swivel tee TS7.80 B. Swivel el LS7.80 C. ¼" X 4 OR6004W.29 D. ¼"+½" MPT RAC2.48 E. ¼" X 2 T22FP 2.9 ½" PVC T plug ½" PVC T cap B C D Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice E If you have a small area of shrubs watered by a few sprinkler heads, multi-outlet emitters can be screwed directly onto each sprinkler riser, without the need for a separate filter or pressure regulator. Water flows from the multi-outlet emitter from its four or eight /4 PE tube connections, through the tubing and then to the plants. The advantage of this system is ease of installation and no need for a filter or pressure regulator. They operate at pressures between 0 and 80 psi and should not be use with emitters at the end of tubing runs. Octa-Bubbler has eight /4" barbed outlets to attach tubing. Available in 4 different flow rates, with all outlets giving equal flow. Individual flow controls can easily be installed to give different flows from different outlets on the same Octa-Bubbler. Inlet connection is /2" FPT, same as most conventional sprinklers, so that it screws onto a regular sprinkler riser or swing joint. Octa-Bubbler w/8 flow controls installed, flow rate per outlet 2gph PP gph PP gph PP gph PP Extra flow controls 2gph PP gph PP gph PP gph PP Outlet plug PP25.06 Bug plug PPBUGPLUG.06 Quadra-Bubbler has four /4" barbed outlets to attach tubing. Available in 4 different flow rates, with all outlets giving equal flow. Inlet connection is ½" FPT, same as most conventional sprinklers, so that it screws onto a regular sprinkler riser. Quadra Bubbler 2gph PPBLU.80 6gph PPBLK.80 0gph PPRED.80 20gph PPGRN.80 Clamp Plate PPPLATE.50 Plug PPPLUG.06 2

26 PARTS CATALOG THE URBAN FARMER STORE Mag Drive Pumps Visit urbanfarmerstore.com/product lines for links to more products & information We carry a wide range of pumps for garden ornaments & fountains and large water features & ponds. Most of the pumps are designed to be submersible; some may be used either in or out of the water. With any water feature the simplest installation is to place the pump in the bottom of the water feature and use the pump to push the water to the top of the installation. To determine the size pump needed for a project, you need to know two things: the overall height you need to pump and the volume of flow desired. Take a garden hose and find the volume that seems pleasing to you and then take a 5-gallon bucket and measure how long it takes to fill it. You then can figure how many gallons per hour at what height you need for the desired effect. If you are trying to circulate the water for clarity, we suggest that you move half the volume of the pond per hour. To figure this, multiply the length (in feet) x width x depth x 7.50 to find out how many gallons the pond contains. If there are fish in the pond you may need to circulate up to twice the volume of the pond per hour. Supreme Mag-Drive Pumps are designed to fulfill the needs of serious pond and water garden enthusiasts. They require intake pre-filtration and one is provided. The power unit is encased in waterproof epoxy which creates a magnetic field; this drives a ceramic magnetic impeller. This makes for an extremely energy- efficient unit, operating at a fraction of the cost for electricity as mechanical drive pumps. Fish safe, these pumps will operate in fresh or salt water, submerged or in-line. (So long as water is gravity-fed to the pump's inlet, it can operate out of the water.) Models 65, 80 & 40 have 6-foot grounded power cords, while the larger models come with a standard 8-foot grounded power cord. We stock replacement impellers and impeller housings for most models to keep your pump running for years. 4 reliable models capable of pumping from 65 to 5000 gallons per hour Model Watts Full GPH 2 ft. 4 ft. 6 ft. 8 ft. 0 ft. 2 ft. Max Cord List Number Used Open Head Outlet-male Length Price SMPM ft /4 6 feet $9.50 SMPM feet /4" 6 feet SMPM feet /4" 6 feet 4.75 SMPM feet /8 NPT 0 feet SMPM feet /2" NPT 8 feet SMPM feet /2" NPT 8 feet SMPM feet /2" NPT 8 feet SMPM feet /2" NPT 8 feet SMPM feet /4" NPT 8 feet SMPM feet /4" NPT 8 feet SMPM feet /4" NPT 8 feet SMPM feet " NPT 8 feet SMPM feet " NPT 8 feet SMPM feet ½" NPT 8 feet The Pro Hy-Drive Waterfall Pump design combines the the benefits of magnetic and direct drive technologies to deliver an extremely quiet, energy efficient, low maintenance pumping source. These high-capacity hybrid pumps go easy on the wattage yet are powerful enough to create a dynamic attractive waterfall or power a large skimmer or filter. They are oil-free fish-safe and designed for continuous use. The heavy-duty polypropylene enclosure has a built in carry handle and an effective molded-in debris screen. They are equally at home underwater as a submersible pump, or can be plumbed in-line and used externally once the enclosure is removed. Even when used submerged in shallow water, the pump can be used horizontally and will not create a visible vortex. These versatile pumps, available in three capacities, have a one year warranty. Model Watts Full GPH ft. 5 ft. 0 ft. 5 ft. 7 ft. 20 ft. Max Cord List Number Used Open Head Outlet-male Length Price SMHY feet ½" NPT 20 feet $ SMHY feet ½" NPT 20 feet SMHY feet ½" NPT 20 feet Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted

27 THE URBAN FARMER STORE PARTS CATALOG Introduction to Sprinkling Systems Sprinkling systems are the most efficient way to water large, evenly covered areas of the landscape, most commonly lawn. With very few devices an entire area can be watered. They work best in large, regular sided areas, where spray is not blocked by plant material. The range of sprinkler options is significant, but all owe their lineage to the brass spray head or the impact rotor. Sprays, which can be on risers or on pop ups ranging from 2" to 2", can throw water in a pattern up to a 5 radius. Rotors, historically the loud splashing impact type, are now predominantly gear-driven. Residential and light commercial rotors that throw a radius of between 6 to 40 are available. Commercial/professional rotors that throw a radius of between 40 to 70 are available for large turf applications such as sports fields and parks. The Urban Farmer Store stocks all options from the three leading sprinkler companies: Hunter, Rain Bird, and Toro. Spray Heads Spray heads are made up of two parts, the nozzle which determines the pattern of spray and the body which varies from the shrub type that stays above-ground on a riser, and the popup type which is completly hidden until used, and range from 2" to 2" in popup height. They are now made of plastic and use a spring for attachment. There are dozens of nozzles and improvements that make them better each year by Rain Bird, Toro, and Hunter. Depending on the nozzle chosen and the height of the pop up used The prices range from about $5. to over $0. each Rotors Like spray heads, rotors have body options from shrub to 2" pop ups. But unlike sprays the nozzles are usually a single stream throwing a long distance at different volumes and trajectories. The patterns are made by gear adjustment in the sprinkler body. A rack of nozzles usually comes free with each sprinkler. Distributor The range of rotors from shrub to 2" pop up, and from residential to commercial is wide. Residential rotors usually cost less than $25. Commerical rotors can cost upwards of $50. The options that we have in sprinklers are too vast to include in these pages, and most manufacturers have territorial restrictions on distributor sales. Sprinkler systems require good design and measurements before sprinklers are chosen. Start with a scale site plan, note water sources and measure them in gallon per minute (see Planning on page 6). Then come into one of our stores and we will help you with sprinkler selection, valving and pipe sizing. Availability, price, shipping charges, and sales tax subject to change without notice 25

28 PARTS CATALOG THE URBAN FARMER STORE Introduction to Landscape Lighting Low voltage landscape lighting systems, consisting of a transformer, lamps, fixtures, and special cable, offer many advantages over 20-volt lighting besides the obvious factor of safety. Low-voltage lamps use electricity more efficiently, giving more light per watt of power used. 2-volt lamps also last longer than 0-volt incandescent lamps, reducing maintenance on the systems. The flexibility of the wiring no conduit is needed makes installation easy and allows you to move fixtures as the garden grows and changes. Modern 2-volt systems can tackle any residential lighting job, from groups of 50-foot oak trees to the smallest city garden. The Urban Farmer Store carries only the highest quality products from carefully selected manufacturers. Our expert staff will be glad to help you plan your lighting design and specify the power requirements of the transformer and cable you will need. Local customers please ask about our free overnight loaner lighting kits containing a variety of fixtures so that you can experiment in your own garden with the different effects. Request a copy of our Outdoor Lighting Basics or view it online at urbanfarmerstore.com. Fixtures come in a wide array of types, sizes, and finishes. Each fixture takes a specific lamp type (incandescent, Xenon, or quartzhalogen). Each lamp (bulb), in turn, comes in a variety of wattages and beam spreads. Choosing the appropriate lamp for a specific effect is the first step in design. Choosing the fixture to house the lamp is secondary. Uplights can turn trees and specimen plants into focal points of your garden. Pathlights illuminate walkways and beautify the landscape, while enabling safe and comfortable movement on stairs, paths, and driveways. Spotlights, both uplights and downlights, can highlight sculptures, water, and architectural features. Backlighting and wall-washing floodlights produce beautiful silhouettes, shadows, and textures, creating mood and interest in the garden. Transformers are required for 2-volt lighting systems to stepdown 20-volt power. Selection is based on the total number of watts needed for a system, and for each zone of the system. Transformers come in wattages ranging from 00 to 000 watts. As the garden changes and grows, allow for extra wattage on the transformer to grow with it, whether it be to add additional fixtures or increase the wattage of existing ones. Multi-tap transformers make it easy to correct for voltage-drop by sending more voltage to cable runs far away from the transformer, and less voltage to closer cable runs. Quartz-Halogen Lamp Lighting Cable comes in several sizes or gauges. Twelve, ten, or eight gauge cable tends to be the most commonly used, depending on the length of wire run and the wattage load. Choosing the correct size of cable is necessary to avoid excessive voltage-drop, which leads to the dimming of lamps at the end of wire runs. Correctly sizing wire and planning logical wire runs is a simple but essential step in designing a lighting system that can grow and change with your garden. Landscape Lighting The DRIPPERS bay area's harsh marine climate takes a rapid toll on lesser quality products so we offer only the highest quality available. Some of the more than 5 manufacturers we distribute include: Multi-tap Outdoor Plug-in Transformer Path Light Request a copy of our Outdoor Lighting Basics or view it online at urbanfarmerstore.com. 2-gauge low-voltage lighting cable (shown actual size) FX Luminaire Lumiere Hadco NightLife Kim Focus Nightscaping Arroyo Craftsman Coe Studios Unique Vista 26 Order toll-free: DRIP Fax: (45) Visa & Mastercard accepted