Daphnia Tests in the Rhine Water Control Station Worms

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Daphnia Tests in the Rhine Water Control Station Worms"

Logan Reynolds
6 years ago
Views:

1 Daphnia Tests in the Rhine Water Control Station Worms Ina Kolland, Gerlinde Weber, Peter Diehl Rhine Water Control Station Worms of the State Environmental Agency Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany)

2 Structure of the Presentation geography and historical background monitoring stations alarm monitoring continuous biotests (biomonitors) Dynamic Daphnia Test structure of the WAP Rhine alarm sampling

3 The River Rhine length: 1,32 km draining off: 2,29 m³/s (D/NL border) inhabitants: > 5 Mio. drinking water for 5.5 Mio inhab. shipping: ca. 2 Mio. t/y 25% dangerous goods 5 % of whole of Europe s chemical industry in catchment area Karte BfG

4 Evidence for Success of Water Management 1,5 Ammonium Nitrogen 1 Cadmium (Cd) 1,2 8 mg/l,9,6 mg/kg 6 4,3 2,

3 tons of pesticides discharged into the river Rhine.

5 Sandoz (CH), 1986 November 1st, 1986: Fire-brigade report: stockroom 956 of the chemical company SANDOZ near Basel (Switzerland) burnt down. 3 tons of pesticides discharged into the river Rhine. During the passing of the poisoned wave, the intakes for drinking water for 5,, people were closed for 18 days.

6 Targets of the Rhine Action Programme to improve water quality to reduce number of accidents with water hazardous substances to improve and recover natural habitats

7 Alarm Monitoring Rhine Alarm Monitoring with extra effort at 8 monitoring stations. Elements of Alarm Monitoring: - online monitoring of chemical-physical parameters - search for hazardous industrial compounds and pesticides ( screening ) - continuous registration of toxicity with continuous biotest methods ( biomonitoring )

8 Alarm Monitoring Network Rhine = examples of waterworks with direct intake

9 Impacts in the Rhine-Neckar Region Important dischargers upstream of the RWCS Worms Hesse borders Rhineland- Palatinate Baden- Wurttemberg

10 Detection: the type of products the different companies are producing list of substances which are allowed to be discharged by the different companies our own chemical library water police

11 Technical Equipment of the RWCS Sampling: 4 routine samplers 4 event samplers 1 alarm sampler Biomontoring 2 Dynamic Daphnia Tests 1 DF-Algae Test Continuous Measurement: water temperature oxygen ph electric conductivity turbidity fluorescence SAK 254 Chemical Monitoring GC/MS Screening

12 Continuous Biotests (Biomonitors) Goal: rapid detection of impact by hazardous compounds Method: continuous registration of changes in behavioural and/or physiological changes in living organisms.

13 Continuous Biotests in the RWCS DF-Algae Test The fluorescence of microalgae (e.g. Chlorella vulgaris) in a water sample is compared with that in a control sample. Dynamic Daphnia Test The activity of water fleas (Daphnia magna) is measured by means of light barriers. Biotest-Alarm (instrumental alarm) at significant differences between the fluorescence curves. Biotest-Alarm (instrumental alarm) at significant changes in activity.

14 Continuous Biotests DF - Algae Test Dynamic Daphnia Test

15 Dynamic Daphnia Test displays control panel glass chamber with Daphnia light barriers pumps measuring chambers

16 Principle of the Dynamic Daphnia Test Influx Impulses / 1 min. Infrared Sensors Infrared Lamps 345 Efflux Statistical Evaluation Test Chamber

17 Detection of Alarms with the bbe Hinkley-Detector left chamber 14:5 h 18: h right chamber 18:4 h ALARM

18 Consequences of Daphnia Alarm Alarm sampler starts automatically Pager alarms colleague who is on-call, even at night or weekend On-call colleague has to check in the station: - technical equipment of the biomonitor - physical/chemical parameters - optical analysis of the daphnia curves leading to classification of the daphnia alarm

19 Alarm Classes Continuous Biotest Methods Irregularity Indication Event Messaging Level chemical-physical measurement 15 chemical-physical measurement 15 chemical-physical measurement 15 chemical-physical measurement reaction of biotest 15 reaction of biotest 15 reaction of biotest ALARM 15 reaction of biotest ALARM Alarm threshold 5 Alarm threshold 5 Alarm thre shold 5 Alarm thre shold

20 International Warning and Alarm Plan Rhine too detailed!

21 International Warning and Alarm Plan Rhine Information by Emittent emission of a critical load Chemical Monitoring concentration exceeds an alarm threshold Biological Monitoring impact Biotest Alarm DSS steps DSS steps MESSAGING LEVEL Evaluation of a chemical/physical online measurement - + Event Authority decision about alarm triggering IMWC Level I: Information Level II: Warning

22 International Main Warning Centers (IMWC) R7 Rijkswaterstaat Arnhem R6 Bezirksregierung Düsseldorf R5 Wasserschutzpolizei Koblenz R4 Wasserschutzpolizei Wiesbaden R3 Wasserschutzpolizei Mannheim R2 Préfecture du Bas-Rhin Strasbourg R1 Amt für Umwelt und Energie Basel-Stadt

Alarm Monitoring: Alarm Sampling concentration [rel. units] 2 15 1 5 contamination conc.

23 Alarm Monitoring: Alarm Sampling concentration [rel. units] contamination conc. not > background Zeit 2 alarm parameter [rel. units] response of biomonitor ALARM alarm threshold Zeit

Alarm Monitoring: Event Sampling 15 Worms, Daphnia alarm, right river bank, 4./5. Feb. 1997 12 2, 1,5 2-Chloropyridine conc.

24 Alarm Monitoring: Event Sampling 15 Worms, Daphnia alarm, right river bank, 4./5. Feb , 1,5 2-Chloropyridine conc. [µg/l] 1, impulses per 1 min 9 6,5, ALARM 3 left chamber right chamber Time Self-emptying water sampler

25 Number of Daphnia Alarms left riverside right riverside number of cases number of cases Year Year Irregularity Indication Event Messaging Level Irregularity Indication Event Messaging Level

26 Thank you!

DUH Background Paper. Deficiencies in treatment of CFC-containing waste refrigeration equipment in Germany

DUH Background Paper. Deficiencies in treatment of CFC-containing waste refrigeration equipment in Germany DUH Background Paper Deficiencies in treatment of CFC-containing waste refrigeration equipment in Germany (7 November 2007) I. Current situation The German Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Act