Regulations for Fire Protection in Japan

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1 Regulations for Fire Protection in Japan Munenori HIRASAWA Safety Information Research Division Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization (JNES) 1

2 Index 1. Regulations for Fire Protection in Japan 1-1 Regulations for Fire Protection in Japan Concept of Fire Protection Comparison of Fire Protection Control in the USA and Japan Strengthening of Fire Protection Control Regulations Industry Association Level Guidelines for Fire Protection Control and Design 8 2

3 1-1 Regulations for Fire Protection in Japan Designs and Facilities Regulations Regulations and and Guidelines Guidelines Formulated Formulated by by Regulatory Regulatory Organizations Organizations Operation and Management Regulations Regulations and and Guidelines Guidelines Formulated Formulated by by Regulatory Regulatory Organizations Organizations Law for the Regulations of Nuclear Reactors etc. Nuclear Safety Commission (NSC) NSC Regulatory guide for Reviewing Safety Designs NSC Regulatory Guide for Reviewing Fire Protection Commercial Commercial Standard Standard JEAG-4607 Guidelines on Fire Protection of Nuclear Power Stations JEAG: Japan Electric Association Guide Law for Regulation of Nuclear Reactors etc. Nuclear Safety Commission (NSC) NPP s Operational Safety Program NSC Regulatory Guide for Reviewing Fire Protection Commercial Standard Commercial Standard JEAG-4103 for Management Guidelines on Fire Protection of NPPs currently being developed Fire Service Law Obligation of Fire Protection Management Business Business Bylaws Bylaws Fire Protection Plans Fire Management Systems Fire Protection Systems Education and Training 3

4 1-2 Concept of Fire Protection Matters to be taken into consideration in the design Prevention of outbreak of fire Fire detection and extinguishment i Installation of fire detectors ii Installation of fire extinguishing appliances Mitigation of fire impact Do not light a fire Detect and extinguish fire Do not preclude reactor shutdown Design without compromising safety of reactor facilities (Design in accordance with the safety importance level) 4

5 1-3 Comparison of Fire Protection Control in the USA and Japan Conceptual Rendering of Fire Protection Regulations in the United States Conceptual Rendering of Fire Protection Regulations in Japan Nuclear safety Atomic Energy Law Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 10CFR50.48, supplementary provision R, etc. NRC regulatory guidelines (NRC) R.G, etc. Private standards, guidance NFPA, NEI, IEEE, etc. Address nuclear safety in terms of both hard (facilities) and soft (operation) factors. Law for the Regulations of Nuclear Reactors etc. Nuclear safety Ministerial ordinance No. 62 Regulatory guide for Reviewing Safety Designs Regulatory Guide for Reviewing Fire Protection JEAG Operational Safety Program Fire Service Law -Internal regulations of electric company - Fire fighting plan - Fire prevention measures - Hazardous materials management Hard (facilities) factors Soft (operation) factors. 5

6 1-4 Strengthening of Fire Protection Management Regulations Although the fire protection design standard is equivalent to an overseas standard, but the Fire Protection Management standards are identified as matters requiring greater control. 1. Items to be improved regarding fire protection in the United States and Europe Formulation of fire protection programs (organization, personnel/responsibility, training, fire analysis, etc.) Improvement of control of inflammables (inflammables, ignition source, etc.) Fire protection in areas important in terms of safety Formulation of inspection, maintenance, and examination programs for fire protection measures 2. Items to be improved regarding matters indicated by OSART (Operational Safety Review Team) inspection Strengthening of fire protection organizations (responsible departments, inadequacy of fire drills, training, etc.) Improvement of control of inflammables (control of inflammables in the control zone) Improvement of operation of fire-prevention walls and fire control facilities 6

7 1-4 Strengthening of Fire Protection Management Regulations (cont.) [Regulatory status in the United States] In the United States, fire protection regulations are formulated as part of larger regulatory structures, namely nuclear safety' and radioactive release reduction control.' Fire protection is systematically regulated as part of nuclear safety regulation of facilities and operational management. [Regulatory status in Japan] In Japan, fire protection of NPPs is regulated by individual laws of administrative ministries and agencies such as the Law for the Regulations of Nuclear Reactors etc. (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry), the Fire Service Law (Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications), and the Building Standard Law (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport). [Niigataken Chuetsu-oki Earthquake] Experience of a fire at a station service transformer [Measures taken to improve fire protection management of NPPs] Regulatory measures Private-sector measures Revision of the Regulatory Guide of Reviewing Fire Protection decided at the Fujishiro Committee, Nuclear Safety Commission (December 27, 2007) In-house Fire Brigade System decided the Ohashi Working Group Preparation for the revision of JEAG-4607 Preparation for the establishment of JEAG

8 1-5 Industrial Association s Guidelines for Fire Protection Management and Design Purpose of Establishment the Fire Protection Management Guidelines and Fire Protection Guidelines. It is important that fire protection at a nuclear power station be managed and executed properly by the electric company in terms of independent safety preservation. Fire Protection Guidelines for Nuclear Power Plants (JEAG ) stipulates fire protection measures for facility design, but there are no fire protection management guidelines. Fire protection management guidelines should be developed in coordination with the JEAG , in consideration of previous experience, track records, and so on. 8

9 Being Being developed developed 1-5 Industrial Association s Guidelines for Fire Protection Management and Design (cont.) Research on regulations, guidelines and commercial standards in other countries Regulatory Guide of Reviewing Fire Protection (NSC) What has been pointed out by the OSART Lessons from cases of fires domestic and outside the country Requirements for Fire protection management Lessons from the fire at the Kashiwazaki Kariwa Nuclear Power Station in the Niigata Chuetsu Offshore Earthquake added Manuals of the Fire and Disaster Management Agency A Commercial Standard, JEAG-4103 for the Fire Protection Management Guidelines JEAG: Japan Electric Association Guide Draft of the Fire Protection Management Guidelines(JEAG-4103) 1. General Rules Purpose, scope of application, and other rules 2. Fire Protection Plans Purpose of fire protection plans, and other rules 3. Organizations within Power Stations Organizations for fire management, and fire protection teams 4. Collaboration with Outside Fire Brigades Roles and responsibilities, and exchange of information 5. Education and Training Education and training 6. Fire Prevention Management of combustibles, fire sources and facilities for fire protection 7. Steps to Be Taken in case of Fire Report and communication, and procedures for fire extinction 8. Checking Fire Extinction Checking to see that the fire has been extinguished, and procedures to be followed subsequent to the fire 9. Other 9

10 1-5 Industrial Association s Guidelines for Fire Protection Management and Design (cont.) JEAG-4607 Guidelines on Fire Protection of Nuclear Power Plants is now revising based on Lessons Learned from the Chuetsu-Oki Earthquake. 1. General rules 2. Prevention of outbreak of fire 2.1 Use of incombustible materials and flame retardant materials 2.2 Preventive measures for combustible and flammable materials 2.3 Measures to control overheating caused by excess current at electric facilities 2.4 Prevention of outbreak of fire caused by natural phenomena 3. Detection and extinguishment of fire 3.1 Fire detection appliances and fire extinguishing appliances 3.2 Countermeasures against destruction, malfunction, and misuse of fire extinguishing appliances 3.3 Performance maintenance of fire extinguishing appliances against natural phenomena 4. Mitigation of impact of fire 4.1 Mitigation of impact of fire 4.2 Assurance of safety of nuclear reactors 4.3 Fire impact assessment 10

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