MANEJO DE SALINIDAD EN LOS CAMPOS DE GOLF
|
|
- Reginald Briggs
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 MANEJO DE SALINIDAD EN LOS CAMPOS DE GOLF David M. Kopec Ph.D. University of Arizona
2 WATER QUALITY FOR TURF IRRIGATION Only one part of a water quality test. COMPONENTS: 1. SALIN ITY 2. Sodium hazard 3. Residual sodium carbonate 4. Specific ion toxicity 5. ph
3 SALINE or SALTY WATER OBJECTIVES : 1. Where do salts come from 2. Why is salt a problem- plant perspective 3. Irrigation options and cultural management 4. Grass selection
4 SALTS Are natural in soils from soil particles. Are applied in turf fertilizer. Are (mostly) soluble, so they end up in turf irrigation water.
5 Water Water HOH H+ -OH H+ -OH
6 SALTS Potassium nitrate (KN03) Ammonium nitrate ((NH4)2 N03) No3 - +H -OH Dolomite (MgSo4) Water = H+-OH
7
8 TURFGRASS LEAF A SWAMP COOLER
9 SOIL SALINITY. Makes it harder for the plant to.. 1. TAKE UP WATER at the roots 2. MOVE WATER up to the leaves 3. HAVE ENOUGH WATER inside the leaves for leaf cooling, photosynthesis, and growth. 4. Plants look drought stressed (blue) 5. Plants are dwarfed and compact!
10 SOIL MOISTURE as affected by salinity ET Requires Water Salinity decreases the amount of AVAILABLE soil water. A.k.a. - More salt in water. water stress / wilting occurs at higher soil moisture contents. 1 Increasing salinity 2 decreases available water that plant can take up nnnuptakewater 3 decreaseed Transpiration Turf wilts even though soil is wet. 4 Slow water Movement into roots
11 SALT PROBLEMS IN TURF?? Droughty looking plants, even when soil moisture is high! Fails the screw driver soil moisture probe test!
12 TURFGRASS IS STUNTED!
13
14
15 SALT PROBLEMS IN TURF?? White crusts on the soil surface around the edge of the turf an in between plants.
16 Water Testing for Salinity Total salinity electro-conductuvity EC Ppm = total dissolved solids TDS
17 Total Salinity Guidelines for Irrigation Water Salinity Hazard EC (ds m -1 ) TDS (ppm) Low <0.75 < 500 Medium High Very High > 3.0 > 2000
18 Field Salinity Meter
19 Determining the SOURCE of the salts Soil Irrigation water Water table Added salts 1. Over fertilization 2. Deicing salts/road spray
20 Develop a STRATEGY for dealing with the salt problem Eliminate the source of the salts R.O. Soil treatment Drainage Cultivation Water options Leaching fraction Blending water sources
21 Drainage Encourages leaching of salts when extra water is added.
22 Cultivation Practices Core cultivation Slicing Spiking Deep-tine cultivation Water injection Drilling Solid-tine cultivation Vibratory plows
23
24
25 Deep tine
26 Drill and fill
27 AERIFICATION and SOIL LAYERS
28 IRRIGATION & SALTS Irrigate more frequently Irrigate with more water DRAINAGE DRAINAGE DRAINAGE DRAINAGE
29 LEACHING REQUIREMNT How much extra of the same salty water you need to apply to keep the soil salts (in the saturated paste extract) from reaching the level where growth will be less than 100% of normal. Percent of applied water that needs to pass below the root zone!
30 WASH AWAY SALTS IN THE WATER THAT THE ROOTS SEE LEACHING! Watering with more of the same salty water! Prevents excess salts from building up! Water enough to keep the salt level at some tolerable level.
31 Leaching Requirement Calculations Leaching Requirement = 2 pieces of data EC(water) EC(turf species) turf tolerance in soil solution Leaching Requirement = EC(water) _ 5EC (turf species) - EC(water)
32 Turf Species Salt Tolerance Species Name Salinity Tolerance Threshold EC Alkaligrass Tolerant 8.5 Saltgrass Tolerant 20.0 (or higher?) Wheatgrasses Tolerant 8.0 Tall fescue Tolerant 6.5 Perennial ryegrass Tolerant 6.5 Seashore Paspalum Tolerant 20.0 (or higher?) Creeping red fescue Moderately tolerant 4.5 Creeping bentgrass Moderately tolerant 3.7 Kentucky bluegrass Moderately sensitive 3.0 Zoysiagrass Moderately sensitive 2.4 Annual bluegrass Very sensitive 1.5
33 IRRIGATION ADJUSTMENT based on the L.F. target irrigation (inches) 1 (L.R. )
34 IRRIGATION ADJUSTMENT based on the L- F 0.4 inch target [ 1 (.20) ] 0.4 [ 0.8 ] = 0.50 actual
35 Higher salinity of water. Higher L.R. value becomes. Higher applied water amount becomes
36 IRRIGATION & SALTS Choose salt tolerant species Choose salt tolerant cultivars affects the LF equation EC( irr water) 5EC (grass tolerance) - (EC irr water) X 100
37 MORE WAYS TO DEAL WITH SALTY WATER 1. Leaching fraction 2. Enhanced drainage (aerification) 3. Use more salt tolerant turf grasses 4. Blend water
38 Turf Species Salt Tolerance Species Name Salinity Tolerance Threshold EC Alkaligrass Tolerant 8.5 Saltgrass Tolerant 20.0 (or higher?) Bermudagrass Tolerant 10.0 Tall fescue Tolerant 6.5 Perennial ryegrass Tolerant 6.5 Seashore Paspalum Tolerant 20.0 (or higher?) Creeping red fescue Moderately tolerant 4.5 Creeping bentgrass Moderately tolerant 3.7 Kentucky bluegrass Moderately sensitive 3.0 Zoysiagrass Moderately sensitive 2.4 Annual bluegrass Very sensitive 1.5
39 SALINITY TOLERANCE BENTGRASS MOST SALT TOLERANT: Mariner, Seaside II, Grand Prix, Seaside, MEDIUM : 18 th Green, Century, Backspin, L-93 LOW: SR 1119, Regent, Putter, Penncross, Penn G-6, Providence.
40 Ryegrass salt tolerance. Covet Galileo Magellan Brightstar SLT Karma Sideways Mitey AllStar Penguin Penguin II Thrive Bandelero Hancock Stamina Navajo Zoom
41 Alkaligrass cultivars Fult s alkaligrass Salty alkaligrass
42 Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivar Salinity Tolerance Good Fair Poor NorthStar Nuglade Kenblue Moonlight Abbey Park SR-2000 Blacksburg Huntsville Limousine Award Livingston Eclipse Midnight P105 Challenger
43 Seashore paspalum
44
45 MORE WAYS TO DEAL WITH SALTY WATER 1. Leaching fraction 2. Enhanced drainage (aerification) 3. Use more salt tolerant turf grasses 4. Blend water
46 BLENDING
47 BLENDING WATER Mix good water with poor water Salt level is equal to the proportional amounts of both water sources that make up the new 100% blended water
48 EXAMPLE WATER A has EC of 1800 ppm TDS (bad) WATER B has EC of 500 ppm TDS (good). What is the EC of 75% B and 25% A??? = C
49 EXAMPLE : EC of blended water 25 % of blended water has EC of 1800 ppm A 75% of blended water has EC of 500 ppm B (.25 X 1800) + (.75 X 500) = (450) + (375) = 825 ppm C
50 Develop a STRATEGY for dealing with the salt problem Eliminate the source of the salts (R.O.) Soil treatment Drainage Cultivation Water management Leaching fraction Blending water sources
51 Probelmas de Pastos, suelos, salinidad, y riegos dkopec@ag.arizona.edu
52 VIVE MEXICO
53 STOP
54 Turf-type Saltgrass (Distichlis)
55 SALTS GET CONFUSED WITH Sodium levels in water! GYPSUM requirement! (gypsum does not get rid of salt in the root zone solution) High bicarbonates in water! The need for acid injection!
56 CONSIDERATIONS
57
58 For TEX DEC 2004 Still has to go to DELL
59 TURFGRASS IS STUNTED!
60 SALINITY AND GROWTH
61 SOIL SALINITY. Makes it harder for the plant to.. 1. TAKE UP WATER at the roots 2. MOVE WATER up to the leaves 3. HAVE ENOUGH WATER inside the leaves for leaf cooling, photosynthesis, and growth.
62 Increased salinity hinders germination of KBG when temperature are low. Tall fescue is unaffected by temperature regardless of salt level. REM : 6 mmho / cm = 3840 ppm.
63 Salinity affects young turf plants of KBG more so than tall fescue
64 Salt stress is worse as temperature is increased!
65
66 Plant shape and appearance of weeping alkaligrass and weeping lovegrass. Left - Puccinellia distans, or Weeping alkaligrass. Right - Eragrostis curvula, Weeping lovegrass
67 HARAVANDI 1
68 Canada 2
69 Duncan roots Root growth is maintained under salt stress more than shoot growth
70 APPROXIMATE SALINITY TOLERANCE OF TURFGRASS GROWING IN SOIL SOLUTION GRASS < > 16 KBG Creep Red Fes Tall Fes Per Rye Creep bentgrass Alkali grass Poa triv Ann blue West wheat Electrical conductivity [Ec] in ds/m or mmhos/cm
71 APPROXIMATE SALINITY TOLERANCE OF TURFGRASS GROWING IN SOIL SOLUTION GRASS < > 16 Centipede Blue gramma Bermuda Zoysia St. Aug. Seashore paspalum Distichlis > 38 Electrical conductivity [Ec] in ds/m or mmhos/cm
72 Cultivar Selection - Salt Tolerant Grasses? Not in high demand Not in high supply Turf quality issues Seed costs Halo-phytes may be slow to establish Some are roadside while some are better in quality
73 CREEPING BENTGRASS VARIETIES vs. SALINITY TOLERANCE Good salinity tolerance : Seaside II, Mariner Grand Prix, Sea Side, 18 th Green. Poor Salinity Tolerance : Providence, Pro/Cup Penn G-6, Penncross, Putter, Regent SR 1119.
74 PERENNIAL RYEGRASS BRIGHSTAR SLT NAVAJO
75 Turf-type Saltgrass (Distichlis)
76 AMOUNT OF WATER NEEDED TO LEACH IS RELATED TO: What is the actual salt level of the irrigation water. EC( irr water) What is the salt level in the drainage water, or what is the salt level of the soil (soil EC = saturated paste extract) that the grass will tolerate before any growth is reduced. EC (drain water)
77 LEACHING FRACTION: EC( irr water) EC (drain water) X 100
78 EC( irr water) EC (drain water) X The more salty the irrigation water is, 2. The less salty the salt tolerance of the turf is, the higher the leaching fraction will be!
79 EXAMPLE : LF calculation KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS EC (irr water) of irrigation water is 0.8 ds m-1 EC (max. value for No Growth Reduction) is 4.0 ds m ds m ds m-1 X 100 = 20%
80 SALT LEVELS IN IRRIGATION WATER Hazard Class EC (dsm-1) TDS (ppm) low < 0.75 < 500 medium ,000 high ,000-2,000 very high > 3.0 > 2,000
81 APPROXIMATE SALINITY TOLERANCE OF TURFGRASS GROWING IN SOIL SOLUTION Warm Season < > 16 Centipede Blue gramma Bermuda Zoysia St. Aug. Seashore paspalum Distichlis > 30 Electrical conductivity [Ec] in ds/m or mmhos/cm
82 APPROXIMATE SALINITY TOLERANCE OF TURFGRASS GROWING IN SOIL SOLUTION GRASS < > 16 KBG Creep Red Fes Tall Fes Per Rye Creep bentgrass Alkali grass Poa triv Ann blue Western wheat Electrical conductivity [EC] in ds/m or mmhos/cm
83 APPROXIMATE SALINITY TOLERANCE OF TURFGRASS GROWING IN SOIL SOLUTION Cool Season < > 16 KBG Creep Red Fes Tall Fes Per Rye Creep bentgrass Alkali grass Poa triv Ann blue Western wheat Electrical conductivity [EC] in ds/m or mmhos/cm
84 YOUR FRIEND
85 VACUOLE Soft lined Water bag! By pulling inside minerals and other charged molecules inside the vacuole, more water is attracted to move inside the vacuole.
86 Plant Soil Salinity Tolerance (saturated soil paste extract, ECe) Soil Salinity Tolerance Tolerated by very sensitive plants Moderately sensitive plants must be used Moderately tolerant plants must be used Tolerant plants must be used Very tolerant plants must be used ECe at 0% Yield Reduction (threshold ECe*) ECe at 50% Yield Reduction < >10 >21 *ECe above which a reduction in yield will occur
87 IRRIGATION & SALTS HELP THE SOIL DRAIN! Aerification Tile drains Sandy soils
88 SALTS DISSOLVE IN WATER. Change the chemical properties of water (+) and (--) charges to compete with water itself! Conduct an electrical charge (can be measured)
89 SALTS Salts are the combination of any negative ion (--) called an (anion) and any positive ion (+) called a ca+ion. SALTS ARE ACTUALLY DRY COMPOUNDS!
90 SALTS GET CONFUSED WITH Sodium levels in water! GYPSUM requirement! (gypsum does not get rid of salt in the root zone solution) High bicarbonates in water! The need for acid injection!
91 Plant Soil Salinity Tolerance (saturated soil paste extract, ECe) Soil Salinity Tolerance Tolerated by very sensitive plants Moderately sensitive plants must be used Moderately tolerant plants must be used Tolerant plants must be used Very tolerant plants must be used ECe at 0% Yield Reduction (threshold ECe*) ECe at 50% Yield Reduction < >10 >21 *ECe above which a reduction in yield will occur
Soil. Acidic soils... 1/19/2014
Soil Chapter 8 Acidic Soils & Salt Affected Soils Pages 229 262 About 2.5 billion acres of mostly cultivated lands are affected by soil salinity Treating ph problems is less difficult than managing and
More informationLawn Problems and How to Fix Them. Pedro Perdomo Nisso America, Inc. HGS March
Lawn Problems and How to Fix Them Pedro Perdomo p_perdomo@yahoo.com Nisso America, Inc. HGS March 23 2019 Topics Diseases Insects Weeds Species selection Watering Mowing Fertilizer Cultural care What concerns
More informationPreparing Your Lawn for Spring and Summer. Pedro Perdomo Nisso America, Inc. HGS March
Preparing Your Lawn for Spring and Summer. Pedro Perdomo p_perdomo@yahoo.com Nisso America, Inc. HGS March 17 2018 What concerns or problems do you have? What have you done/will do? To figure it out. Crabgrass
More informationSpring Turf Care. Pedro Perdomo Nisso America, Inc. HGS March
Spring Turf Care Pedro Perdomo Nisso America, Inc. HGS March 18 2017 Lawn Inspection What concerns or problems do you have? What have you done/will do? To figure it out. 1 2 3 Topics Species selection
More informationWildflower Planting for Golf Courses
Wildflower Planting for Golf Courses Planting a Wildflower Area for a Golf Course The creation of a wildflower area for a golf course situation involves vision, planning, consultation and preparation.
More informationB /02. Lawn WATER MANAGEMENT
B-6125 9/02 Lawn WATER MANAGEMENT lawn water management H omeowners know how important water is to a healthy lawn. Water is a limited resource in Texas, and it will become more limited as the population
More informationSaline and Sodic Field Demonstration project
Saline and Sodic Field Demonstration project 2007-2013 Tile drainage will help decrease the soluble salt level over time but does not address parts of the field that have sodium issues as well. Reclamation
More informationCMG GardenNotes #561 Turfgrass Species Selection Guidelines
CMG GardenNotes #561 Turfgrass Species Selection Guidelines Outline: Species selection, page 1 What does low maintenance mean?, page 2 Kentucky bluegrass, page 2 Turf-type tall fescue, page 3 Buffalograss,
More informationSelecting the Right Turf Varieties. Charles Schuster Extension Educator University of Maryland Extension
Selecting the Right Turf Varieties Charles Schuster Extension Educator University of Maryland Extension cfs@umd.edu Warm or Cool Season Grasses Selection is personal What is the Difference?? Cool Season
More informationAlfalfa Management For Saline Soils. Dr. Don Miller Dir. of Product Development/Plant Breeder
Alfalfa Management For Saline Soils Dr. Don Miller Dir. of Product Development/Plant Breeder Alforex Seed is proud to be a co-sponsor of this Alfalfa U with New Holland and the High Plains Journal Alfalfa
More informationGrass Species and Fertilization Practices to Minimize Negative Effects of Lawns. Dr. Rebecca Brown University of Rhode Island
Grass Species and Fertilization Practices to Minimize Negative Effects of Lawns Dr. Rebecca Brown University of Rhode Island Lawns: Good or Bad? Maintained turf covers >50 million acres in the US; majority
More informationJohn Lee AGVISE Soil Scientist. Where did it all start?
John Lee AGVISE Soil Scientist Where did it all start? Sandbox where I made my first Mud pie 13 miles south of Benson MN Sodic Soil Reclamation Tiled Drained Situation AGVISE Demo Project 2008 to???? Saline
More informationTurf Management The basics and beyond. Mark Brown Extension Agent Pulaski Co.
Turf Management The basics and beyond Mark Brown Extension Agent Pulaski Co. Turf selection Fertilizing and liming Mowing Thatch Shade Irrigation Weed control Calendars Finding the information Today s
More informationTitle: Lecture 16 Soil Water and Nutrients Speaker: Teresa Koenig Created by: Teresa Koenig, Kim Kidwell. online.wsu.edu
Title: Lecture 16 Soil Water and Nutrients Speaker: Teresa Koenig Created by: Teresa Koenig, Kim Kidwell online.wsu.edu Photos courtesy of Rich Koenig Photos courtesy of USDA NRCS Soil Water and Nutrients
More informationLesson 2 of 4. Self-Guided Educational Module
CULTURAL TURF MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Lesson 2 of 4 Self-Guided Educational Module Learning Objectives 2 1. Understand cultural turf management practices including: a. Mowing b. Fertilization c. Irrigation
More informationIf your soil has a high salinity content, the plants
E-60 7-01 Managing Soil Salinity Tony Provin and J.L. Pitt* If your soil has a high salinity content, the plants growing there will not be as vigorous as they would be in normal soils. Seeds will germinate
More informationThe Struggle Is Real
The Struggle Is Real Establishing and maintaining the right Turfgrass for your athletic fields. TRPA 63 rd Annual Conference November 17, 2015 Kingsport, TN Stephen Callis The Hogan Company Questions to
More informationWhat You Need to Know About Home Lawn Fertilizers
What You Need to Know About Home Lawn Fertilizers Another Report on Effective Turf Maintenance from the Lawn Institute A well-planned, reasonable fertility program is a basic part of proper lawn maintenance.
More informationImproving Your Grass With Calcium Sulfate
Improving Your Grass With Calcium Sulfate Soil Solutions, LLC 303 Lamp Kastner Drive Holstein, IA 51025 712-368-2185 www.soilsolutions.net Benefits of Including Calcium Sulfate in Your Nutrient Management
More informationN Grasses ORNAMENTALS. Grasses
N Grasses ORNAMENTALS N Grasses Grasses Content Outline Turfgrass Selection and Establishment I. Turfgrass Selection A. Selection Criteria B. Turfgrass Species 1. Kentucky bluegrass 2. Perennial ryegrass
More informationLawn Irrigation: How, When and Where to Water! Roger D. Havlak Extension Program Specialist- Turfgrass and Water Mgmt.
Lawn Irrigation: How, When and Where to Water! Roger D. Havlak Extension Program Specialist- Turfgrass and Water Mgmt. During the summer, it is estimated that 25 to 60 % of the water used by residential
More informationTurfgrass Water Use Efficiency
Turfgrass Water Use Efficiency Dr. Phillip Ford Melbourne Polytechnic Several different factors affect the efficient use of water on turf. This paper picks out three of the main factors for discussion.
More informationWaking Up Your Sleepy Lawn. Joe Clark Rutgers Plant Biology Pathology Dept. Research Farm Supervisor
Waking Up Your Sleepy Lawn Joe Clark Rutgers Plant Biology Pathology Dept. Research Farm Supervisor Contents Soil testing time Interpreting test results Planning before you start Fertilizer law Choosing
More informationSOIL TEST NOTES. Applying Lime to Established Lawns
,.------ Virginia Cooperative Extension Service ----~ VIRGINl,t. TECH ANO VIRGINIA STATE VIRGINIA'S LAND GR,t.NT UNIVERSITIES SOIL TESTING LABORATORY Publication 452-238 Reprinted 1988 SOIL TEST NOTES
More informationFertilizer 101. A guide to better sales. Know what you sell!
Fertilizer 101 A guide to better sales. Know what you sell! Fertilizer Nutrient Sources Nutrient Benefits Fertilizer Ratios The Challenge Fertilizer Label Basic Calculations Selling Fertilizers What is
More information4/7/2016. Turf Selection. Matt Elmore, Ph.D. Growth Habit. Bunch Type
4/7/2016 Turf Selection Matt Elmore, Ph.D. Twitter: @mtelmore Stolon Rhizome Growth Habit Bunch Type 1 Turf Selection Overview Warm-season Species Cool-season Species Bahiagrass Annual ryegrass Bermudagrass
More informationHow Lawns Grow- Growing Your Lawn and Not the Bay! Chuck Schuster Extension Educator University of Maryland Extension
How Lawns Grow- Growing Your Lawn and Not the Bay! Chuck Schuster Extension Educator University of Maryland Extension 301-590-2807 cfs@umd.edu You Are The Experts! Nothing has changed in the last 50 years
More informationNotes for Salinity and Irrigation Desert Green 2014
Notes for Salinity and Irrigation Desert Green 2014 Slide 1. Follow This Presentation with Notes You Can Find Now Slide 2. Title slide. Salinity and irrigation Slide 3. What is salt? We commonly think
More informationLAWN RENOVATION & OVERSEEDING
LAWN RENOVATION & OVERSEEDING A healthy established lawn is able to out-compete many weeds and withstand a certain amount of pressure from disease and insect attack as well as drought. You can help maintain
More informationPhysiology of Turfgrass Drought Response. Daniel C. Bowman
Physiology of Turfgrass Drought Response Daniel C. Bowman Anyone who can solve the problem of water will be worthy of two Nobel prizes one for peace and one for science. John F. Kennedy Turf from Space
More informationChapter 2.2. Basic Soil-Plant Interactions. learning objectives
Basic Soil-Plant Interactions learning objectives Describe the process of cation exchange in soils and its implications for crop nutrition. Briefly explain the importance of soil organic matter for crop
More informationEvaluation of Kentucky Bluegrass and Fine Leaf Fescue Cultivars J.B.Ross and M.A. Anderson
Evaluation of Kentucky Bluegrass and Fine Leaf Fescue s J.B.Ross and M.A. Anderson Summary A regional turfgrass variety trial was established in May of 2004 to evaluate new grass cultivars under prairie
More informationLow Maintenance Lawns. Sam Bauer Extension Educator- Turfgrass Science Earth Day 2015
Low Maintenance Lawns Sam Bauer Extension Educator- Turfgrass Science Earth Day 2015 Turfgrass literally touches millions of lives in physical and social ways every day. switchboard.nrdc.org Social Benefits
More informationProject Report ROOT GROWTH DURING SOD TRANSPLANTING. Bingru Huang, Associate professor
Project Report EFFECTS OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF NUTRISORB ON SHOOT AND ROOT GROWTH DURING SOD TRANSPLANTING Bingru Huang, Associate professor Department of Plant Biology and Plant Pathology, Rutgers University,
More informationBahiagrass. Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) Turf Questions Driving You. Cultivar Selection. Grows by rhizomes Grows in bunches Likes acidic soil
Turf Questions Driving You Nuts? Turfgrass Answers Species Available and Here! Cultivar Selection Laurie E. Trenholm, Ph.D. Laurie E. Trenholm, Ph.D. Urban Turfgrass Specialist Urban Turfgrass Specialist
More informationMonitoring Nutrition for Crops
Monitoring Nutrition for Crops Electrical conductivity ph Alkalinity Cation exchange and Anion exchange capacities Krishna Nemali, Ph.D. Why should you monitor nutrients for plants? $$ Nutrient deficiencies
More informationPOUR THRU TESTING OF CONTAINER MEDIA
Safety, Health & Environmental Management for Cornell Greenhouses Fall 2008 Workshop Nutrient Management POUR THRU TESTING OF CONTAINER MEDIA We will use meters to test properties of container media: ph
More informationSoil Drainage. Dr. Jim Walworth Dept. of Soil, Water & Environmental Sci. University of Arizona
Soil Drainage Dr. Jim Walworth Dept. of Soil, Water & Environmental Sci. University of Arizona Yield (kg kernel/cm 2 ) Y = (0.04*sand) + 0.79 R 2 = 0.57 Percent Sand Pecans like well-drained soil. In Arizona
More informationRetail Cost $ tax
25-0-10 Turf Fertilizer 50 lb. = Covers 12,500 square feet Retail Cost $ 31.61 + tax No need to treat weeds and just want to feed your lawn? 25-0-10 is a high nitrogen fertilizer without any added herbicide.
More informationSam Angima OSU Extension Agent Newport Oregon
Lawns Sam Angima OSU Extension Agent Newport Oregon Organic Lawn? For an Engine to run Gas Electricity Piston System For a lawn to grow Grass Nutrients & Sun Soil system Grass Growth Limiting factors
More informationLawns through history. European in origin Scythed or cropped by animals Reel lawn mower Rotary mowers 40 hour work week Fertilizers and pesticides
Lawns and Lawn Care A lawn is It is an area of grass or mostly grass. It is mown, instead of allowing the plants to reach their full height. It is maintained for the benefit of people. Lawns through history
More informationMaintaining a Healthy Lawn
Avg. high temperature ( F) Maintaining a Healthy Lawn in Western Oregon A.M. VanDerZanden and T. Cook EC 1521 Reprinted February 2001 $1.50 The typical home lawn is an evolving ecosystem that gets more
More informationPhysiology Behind Turf Drought Response. Daniel C. Bowman
Physiology Behind Turf Drought Response Daniel C. Bowman Dan_bowman@ncsu.edu Let s Examine Why plants need water How plants get water How plants lose water Drought What drives water loss Differences between
More informationGreenhouse Plant Nutrition
Greenhouse Plant Nutrition 1. Start with water quality analysis Rosa E. Raudales, Ph.D. Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist rosa@uconn.edu Phone: (860) 486-6043 www.greenhouse.uconn.edu Se habla
More informationPlant energy processes. Practical Turfgrass Physiology. (Keeping stuff from dying) Student interns?
Practical Turfgrass Physiology http://turf.unl.edu (Keeping stuff from dying) Zac Reicher http://turf.unl.edu/ http://turf.unl.edu Student interns? 3 Creek Ranch, Jackson Hole, WY Anchorage Country Club,
More informationRapid blight disease. What is rapid blight? Advanced symptoms of rapid blight
Rapid blight disease Mary W. Olsen Extension Specialist in Plant Pathology The University of Arizona molsen@ag.arizona http://cals.arizona.edu/plp/plpext/ What is rapid blight? Rapid blight disease symptoms
More informationWHAT S UP WITH THE WEATHER THESE DAYS?
WHAT S UP WITH THE WEATHER THESE DAYS? LAWN CARE TO THE EXTREME S Chris Enroth University of Illinois Extension Horticulture Educator TURF PROBLEMS CAUSED FROM WET WEATHER PROBLEM AREAS IN YOUR LAWN LOW
More informationTurfgrass Fertility. Soil Test Reports. Why Soil Sample? Interpretation & Understanding
Turfgrass Fertility Clint Waltz, Ph.D. Associate Professor The University of Georgia Soil Test Reports Interpretation & Understanding Why Soil Sample? Information Chemical way of estimating the nutrients
More informationManagement of Sodic Soils in Alberta
June 2010 Agdex 518-20 Management of Sodic Soils in Alberta The two main types of salt-affected soils found in Alberta are soils and sodic soils. Saline soils are soils with a high enough concentration
More informationSunlight. Chlorophyll
Plant Nutrition & Soil Fertility Richard Smith Vegetable Crop and Weed Science Farm Advisor University of California Cooperative Extension Monterey, Santa Cruz and San Benito Counties Plant Nutrition 1.
More informationSoils and Fertilizer
Soils and Fertilizer Objectives Discuss soil components, texture, chemistry Consider relationships between soil, water, plants and air Steps to prevent soil compaction and salt accumulation Identify common
More informationWhose Turf Are You Standing Turfgrass Species
Whose Turf Are You Standing On.Basics Turfgrass Species of Lawngrass and Selection Cultivar and Selection Maintenance Laurie E. Trenholm, Ph.D. Laurie E. Trenholm, Ph.D. Urban Turfgrass Specialist Urban
More informationClass 3: Soil Sampling and Testing. Chris Thoreau
Class 3: Soil Sampling and Testing Chris Thoreau What is Soil Testing? What are We Testing For? Soil Sampling Methodologies Soil Testing Interpreting Soil Test Results What is Soil Testing? Soil testing
More informationWere Soil Test Levels Affected by 2012 Drought?
Were Soil Test Levels Affected by 2012 Drought? Immobile Nutrients P, K, Zn, Cu Soil Properties Salinity Soil ph Mobile Nutrients N, S, Cl, Temperatures exceed 120F in Australia! 122 129 F (had to add
More informationUNDERSTANDING TURFGRASS SPECIES FOR USE ON ATHLETIC FIELDS & RECREATIONAL AREAS
UNDERSTANDING TURFGRASS SPECIES FOR USE ON ATHLETIC FIELDS & RECREATIONAL AREAS PAUL STEVENS, MANAGER, PROFESSIONAL TURF, PICKSEED CANADA, INC. (A PRESENTER AT THE 2008 STA FIELD DAY) Turfgrass selection
More informationWear Tolerant Grasses for Use on Sports Fields in a Cold Climate M.A. Anderson and J.B. Ross
Wear Tolerant Grasses for Use on Sports Fields in a Cold Climate M.A. Anderson and J.B. Ross Summary This trial was initiated to examine the effects of traffic on various grasses for sports fields in a
More informationPuricare s approach to Brackish Water Irrigation and Saline Soils
Puricare s approach to Brackish Water Irrigation and Saline Soils During dry summer months many farmers experience serious problems with the increased salinity of irrigation water due to more intensive
More informationManaging Orchard Salinity During and After Drought. December 9, 2015
Managing Orchard Salinity During and After Drought December 9, 2015 Speakers Bob Curtis, Almond Board (Moderator) David Doll, UCCE Merced County David Doll, UCCE Merced County Understanding and Managing
More informationWear Tolerant Grasses for Use on Sports Fields in a Cold Climate M.A. Anderson and J.B. Ross
Wear Tolerant Grasses for Use on Sports Fields in a Cold Climate M.A. Anderson and J.B. Ross Summary This trial was initiated to examine the effects of traffic on various grasses for sports fields in a
More informationGRASS BASICS. CHOOSING A TURF GRASS One should consider several factors when determining what grass to have in your lawn:
Getting the type of lawn, you want depends a lot on the type of grass or grasses you choose. Some create a beautiful, tight turf but require a lot of work while others not appear as nice but take less
More informationPASTURE AND HAY FIELDS: SOIL FUNDAMENTALS. Sanders County April 8, Clain Jones
PASTURE AND HAY FIELDS: SOIL FUNDAMENTALS Sanders County April 8, 2015 Clain Jones clainj@montana.edu 994-6076 Objectives Present soil properties and how they interact with plant nutrients Illustrate the
More informationAppropriate Analyses for New Mexico Soils and Interpreting Soil Test Results
The Diagnostic Process Appropriate Analyses for New Mexico Soils and Interpreting Soil Test Results Robert Flynn, Associate Professor, Extension Agronomy and Soils Food comes from the earth. The land with
More informationKeys to Sustainable Lawn Care in Nebraska
What is Sustainable Lawn Care? Keys to Sustainable Lawn Care in Nebraska Bill Kreuser http://turf.unl.edu/ No inputs Lawns can t exist without some maintenance Organic products and fertilizers Possible
More informationLawn Care for Disease Control
The Diagnostic Process Lawn Care for Disease Control Natalie P. Goldberg, Extension Plant Pathologist For many, the ideal landscape around homes and businesses includes an area of turfgrass. The lush greenery
More informationBasics of Plant Growth in Greenhouses: Temperature, Light, Moisture, Growing Media, etc.
Basics of Plant Growth in Greenhouses: Temperature, Light, Moisture, Growing Media, etc www.tinyfarmblog.com The law of limiting factors Too much or too little of any one factor can limit the growth of
More informationExecutive Sun Mix For the Executive look we all desire
Executive Sun Mix For the Executive look we all desire Executive Sun Mix provides a beautiful, dark, lush green lawn for your showplace! Executive Sun Mix is made up of three elite Perennial Ryegrass and
More information1. Potassium nitrate for efficient plant nutrition
Potassium nitrate is a unique source of potassium by its nutritional value and its contribution to the health and yields of plants. Potassium nitrate features desirable chemical and physical properties,
More informationGreat Soil-Great Gardens I Basic Soil Science Brad Park, Rutgers University Materials developed by: Karen A. Plumley, Ph.D.
Great Soil-Great Gardens I Basic Soil Science Brad Park, Rutgers University Materials developed by: Karen A. Plumley, Ph.D. Research Director, Alliance for Low Input Sustainable Turf Soils Instructor,
More informationDeveloping and Implementing a Fertilizer Program. Marc van Iersel. mixed with substrate components before planting
Developing and Implementing a Fertilizer Program Marc van Iersel Supplying nutrients Pre-plant mixed with substrate components before planting Post-plant applied to substrate with the irrigation water
More informationCrop Management Practices. By Simon Bedasie
Crop Management Practices Fertigation By Simon Bedasie Observations of a Visiting Consultant Water and fertilizer management looked like bucket chemistry. Very basic techniques for water and fertilizer
More informationturfgrass species for athletic fields and rec areas
FieldScience By Paul Stevens Understanding turfgrass species for athletic fields and rec areas Turfgrass selection is perhaps the most important part in developing and maintaining a healthy and vigorous
More informationTURF, TREE & ORNAMENTAL FERTILIZATION
1986 GUIDE TO: TURF, TREE & ORNAMENTAL FERTILIZATION by Richard Rathjens and Roger Funk, Ph.D., The Davey Co. TURF FERTILIZATION Frequently overlooked in determining a fertilizer program are nutrient influences
More informationFlorida Friendly Lawn Management Laurie Trenholm, Ph.D. Urban Turfgrass BMP Specialist UF IFAS
Florida Friendly Lawn Management Laurie Trenholm, Ph.D. Urban Turfgrass BMP Specialist UF IFAS 2018 MG Turfgrass Field Day Tues, Oct 16 9am 3pm Plant Science Research and Education Unit 2556 Hwy 318, Citra
More informationDROUGHT STRESS ON TURF. By R. E. Schmidt Associate Professor of Agronomy Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
DROUGHT STRESS ON TURF By R. E. Schmidt Associate Professor of Agronomy Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Drought is a water stress that di minishes plant turgor causing wilting (a symptom
More informationEvaluation of Alternative Grasses for Turfgrass Use J.B. Ross and M.A. Anderson
Evaluation of Alternative Grasses for Turfgrass Use J.B. Ross and M.A. Anderson Summary Six individual grasses and two grass blends were established in order to test their suitability for use as turfgrass.
More informationMANAGING MIXED ANNUAL BLUEGRASS CREEPING BENTGRASS FAIRWAYS M.G. HENDRICKS, B.E. BRANHAM, AND M. COLLINS DEPT. CROPS AND SOIL SCIENCES M.S.U.
MANAGING MIXED ANNUAL BLUEGRASS CREEPING BENTGRASS FAIRWAYS M.G. HENDRICKS, B.E. BRANHAM, AND M. COLLINS DEPT. CROPS AND SOIL SCIENCES M.S.U. Introduction Clipping removal on golf course fairways has been
More informationKeeping greenhouse soils fertile: nutrients, compost and salt. Rupert Jannasch, Ironwood Farm ACORN Greenhouse Workshop Feb 28, 2012
Keeping greenhouse soils fertile: nutrients, compost and salt Rupert Jannasch, Ironwood Farm ACORN Greenhouse Workshop Feb 28, 2012 Greenhouse soils are unlike field soils! Higher nutrient levels Less
More informationOrganic Production of Tobacco Transplants: The. Nitrogen Dilemma
Organic Production of Tobacco Transplants: The Nitrogen Dilemma Bob Pearce University of Kentucky Organic Tobacco Small but growing niche market for tobacco growers. Requirements for organic production
More informationLANDSCAPE AND IRRIGATION REGULATIONS FOR THE CITY OF SAN MARINO
LANDSCAPE AND IRRIGATION REGULATIONS FOR THE CITY OF SAN MARINO DEFINITIONS: APPLIED WATER: The portion of water supplied by the irrigation system to the landscape. AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION CONTROLLER: An
More informationFarrar Sod Farm - Our Products. Tifway 419 Bermuda
Farrar Farm - Our Products No matter what your needs are, we can meet them! Our variety of turf products meet the challenges faced by golf course superintendents, tract builders, landscaping professionals,
More informationWear Tolerant Grasses for Use on Sports Fields in a Cold Climate D.K. Tompkins, M.A. Anderson and J.B. Ross
Wear Tolerant Grasses for Use on Sports Fields in a Cold Climate D.K. Tompkins, M.A. Anderson and J.B. Ross Summary This trial was established in order to determine the wear and cold tolerance of various
More informationORGANIC LAWN CARE TURF SPECIES SELECTION
ORGANIC LAWN CARE Many people are interested in reducing their use of water, synthetic fertilizers or pesticides on their lawns. There are concerns of the potentially harmful effects to humans, pets, wildlife,
More informationRestoration of Degraded Soils
Restoration of Degraded Soils Saline Soils Electrical Conductivity (EC) 4dS m -1 Sodic Soils EC
More informationFor centuries, humans have used turfgrasses to enhance their environment and quality
Best Management Practices for Turf and Lawn Fertilization By Dr. Mike Stewart For centuries, humans have used turfgrasses to enhance their environment and quality of life. Turfgrasses have many benefits
More informationReclamation and Management of Alkaline Soils
Reclamation and Management of Alkaline Soils S alt-affected soils have excess of soluble salts and/or excess of exchangeable sodium with accompanying high ph. Both these conditions degrade the soils and
More informationAnorganic Fertilizer. Lenny Sri Nopriani, SP.MP
Anorganic Fertilizer Lenny Sri Nopriani, SP.MP Jargon Fertilizer Synthetic Fertilizers can be organic or inorganic Organic: from living material, contains C-C bonds; does not imply organic certification
More informationSOIL TESTS. Circular of Information 587 Revised September 1963 Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Corvallis
SOIL TESTS Circular of Information 587 Revised September 1963 Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Corvallis Interpretation of Soil Tests L. A. ALBAN, Associate Professor of Soils
More informationLow-Input Lawn Care STEPHANIE RUTTEN-RAMOS DOUGLAS COUNTY Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
Low-Input Lawn Care STEPHANIE RUTTEN-RAMOS DOUGLAS COUNTY 1 STRUCTURE OF GRASS http://agsci.psu.edu 2 KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS POA PRATENSIS http://turfgrass.cas.psu.edu 3 KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS POA PRATENSIS 2,177,000
More informationManaging Spring Seeded Grasses
Managing Spring Seeded Grasses 5 February 2008 Grady Miller, PhD Professor & Extension Specialist Sources of Information Information on the Web www.turffiles.ncsu.edu/ County Extension Offices Maintenance
More informationThis is Gardening with Chuck on 1420 KJCK, I m Chuck Otte, Geary County, K-State Research
Gardening with Chuck for March 12-18, 2018 March Lawn Care and Extension Ag & Natural Resources Agent. If you have a fescue or bluegrass lawn and have been out in your yard lately, you ve probably noticed
More informationTurfgrass Under Research Field Day
Turfgrass Under Research Field Day August 24, 2017 Evaluation of the Use of Green Boost for Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency of Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens As our understanding of the soil microbial
More information6 MAJOR SOIL FACTORS CONSIDERED IN LAND EVALUATION
6 MAJOR SOIL FACTORS CONSIDERED IN LAND EVALUATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The selected major soil factors from the SDBm are soil organic matter content, ph, carbonate content, cation exchange capacity,
More informationSoil Quality / Understanding Soil Health what are we missing?
Soil Quality / Understanding Soil Health what are we missing? Soil Quality Test Kit Clarence Chavez Soil Scientist The USDA is an Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer Soils are not machines: It s an
More informationTHE PHYSICAL SIDE OF SOIL THE PHYSICAL SIDE OF SOIL THE PHYSICAL SIDE OF SOIL. Dr. Marty Petrovic Department of Horticulture Cornell University
THE PHYSICAL SIDE OF SOIL Dr. Marty Petrovic Department of Horticulture Cornell University THE PHYSICAL SIDE OF SOIL THE PHYSICAL SIDE OF SOIL Physics 1 Principles of Water Movement and Drainage Normal
More informationPre-Stress Conditioning
Pre-Stress Conditioning Impact of Using Primo MAXX Plant Growth Regulator Pre-Stress Conditioning The purpose of pre-stress conditioning is to prepare turfgrass for extreme conditions before they develop.
More informationProfessors on. Academics discuss everything from testing to frequency and formulations
MAKING SENSE OF TURFGRASS NUTRITION Professors on Plant Nutrition Academics discuss everything from testing to frequency and formulations By Peter Biais oday's superintendents can select from a wide menu
More informationGrid or Zone sampling Unfertilized Soybean Fields in the Spring/Summer is Increasing (topsoil only)
Grid or Zone sampling Unfertilized Soybean Fields in the Spring/Summer is Increasing (topsoil only) Advantages of Spring/Summer Sampling P, K, ph, %OM, Zn Sample quality is better (firm soil = consistent
More informationEvaluating rootzone stresses and the role of the root system on rose crop productivity and fertilizer-water use efficiency:
Evaluating rootzone stresses and the role of the root system on rose crop productivity and fertilizer-water use efficiency: Tissue nutrient contents, whole plant biomass and quality Raúl I. Cabrera Texas
More informationVirginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria Revised July 2014
Commonwealth of Virginia Virginia Nutrient Management Standards and Criteria Revised July 2014 Department of Conservation and Recreation Division of Soil and Water Conservation 600 East Main Street, 4
More informationTRENDS. Turf Grass. For landscapers and grounds managers. Selecting composts to improve your turf COMING ATTRACTIONS
AN INDEPENDENT NEWSLETTER FOR TURF MANAGERS Turf Grass TRENDS jfvca 3"] A/oJume 4, Issue 12 December 1994 Selecting composts to improve your turf by Dr. Peter Landschoot and Mr. Andrew McNitt IN THIS ISSUE
More information