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1 University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Historical Materials from University of Nebraska- Lincoln Extension Extension 1991 G Perennials Don Steinegger University of Nebraska--Lincoln, dsteinegger1@unl.edu Anne Streich University of Nebraska--Lincoln, astreich2@unl.edu Follow this and additional works at: Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the Curriculum and Instruction Commons Steinegger, Don and Streich, Anne, "G Perennials" (1991). Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Extension at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln.

2 Nebraska Cooperative Extension, G A (Revised April 1999) Perennials This NebGuide describes perennial flowers that will withstand Nebraska's winters outdoors and that will bloom within the growing season. Donald H. Steinegger, Extension Horticulturist Anne M. Streich, Extension Horticulturist-Outreach Programs Herbaceous perennials normally live for many years under local growing conditions, dying back to the ground each winter. They vary in height, leaf texture and flower color, and are the backbone of the flower garden for many home gardeners. The following is a list of perennials best adapted to Nebraska's broad of growing conditions. No single list of plant materials is suitable for every garden, however, and deciding which plants to use depends on personal taste. COMMON NAME Anemone, Japanese BOTANICAL NAME Anemone vitifolia 'Robustissima' SITE Sun, Artemisia Artemisia spp. tolerates dry conditions; low nitrogen s HEIGHT & FORM FLOWER COLOR COMMENTS 30 in. Pink Fall blooming. Rhizomatous; 6 to 12 in. ; spreads to 12 or more inches Flowers are not ornamental Silvery-gray, finely cut foliage. Foliage used in fresh flower Several other native species. Many Aster, Fendler's Aster fendleri Sun 4-12 in. Lavender Native plant. Astilbe Astilbe spp. Part prefers cool, moist 6 in. - 3 ft. White, pink, red Many fine

3 Baby's Breath Balloon Flower Gypsophila paniculata Platycodon grandiflorus cv. 'Mariesii' cv. 'Shell pink' conditions moist light; moist, welldrained with matter Basket-of-Gold Aurinia saxatilis dry, best in low nitrogen s Bearded Iris Iris spp. average Bee Balm Monarda didyma somewhat moist, welldrained, Fine textured; 1 1/2-3 ft., 4 ft. across; has stout rhizomes. 2-3 ft., 2 ft. wide 6-12 in., prostrate White, pink Blue, white, pink Yellow 2-3 ft. Broad color 3-4 ft. Purple, red and pink combinations, salmon Fresh and dried flower Double flowering forms are usually grafted; place graft union 1 in. under. Takes two years to become established. Many useful Double flowering forms available. Late to emerge in spring; mark location to avoid injury from cultivation. Silvery-gray foliage. Early spring flowering. Many cultivars available. Minty fragrance. Can become invasive in moist sites. Many cultivars; grow cultivars rather than species.

4 Bellflower --Peach-leaved Campanula persicifolia semi Erect, leafy clump; 2 ft. Deep blue to white Many useful species and Flowers for fresh Many useful cultivars available. --Clustered Campanula glomerata semi moderate fertility Spreads by rhizomes; 1-3 ft.; coarse erect growth Deep blue to white Bergenia Blackberry Lily Blanket Flower Bergenia cordifolia Belamcanda chinensis Gaillardia x grandiflora fertile, sandy requires good air circulation; light ; avoid nitrogen Blazing Star Liatris spicata sandy 12 in. Pink Glossy green foliage; burgundy winter color. Best in winter. Clump forming rhizomes; 2-3 ft. ; long narrow foliageresembles German Iris. 6 in. - 3 ft. ; ; erect or sprawling branches. 2-3 ft. ; stiff, erect growth form Deep o, red dotted Fresh flower arments; seed clusters dried for flower Yellow or red Easy to grow. Generally short-lived. Rosy purple Fresh flower Color accent in perennial borders.

5 is best, althought it's tolerant of other s Several other native species. Bleeding Heart Dicentra eximia Partial to fertile, moist Blue False Indigo Boltonia Butterfly Milkweed Baptisia australis Boltonia asteroides Asclepias tuberosa dry site; low nitrogen. Sun, sandy loam; dry location Columbine Aquilegia spp. Sun or light cool, moist in. clump former; short rhizomes Erect, forms large clumps; 3-4 ft., 2-3 ft. wide Up to 4 ft. Broadly domed bushy clump; 1 1/2-3 ft. 1 1/2-3 ft.; large clumps; delicate lacy foliage Pink, purple or white; gray-blue foliage Indigo blue, blue-green foliage White, pink Several cultivars available. Cultivars are not superior to the species. Excellent summertime hedge. Stabilizes on bank. Foliage used in fresh flower Pods used in dried flower Plant may require staking. Large background plant; fall blooming. Bright o Tuber forming plant. Does not transplant successfully when large. Seed pods used for dried Flowers attract butterflies. Broad color Leaf miner is a problem. Flowers May through June. Many useful

6 Coneflower, Grayhead Prairie Coneflower, Purple Ratibida pinnata Sun Echinacea purpurea 4-5 ft., 2 ft. wide Yellow species and cultivars of varying heights and flower forms. Drooping petals; native plant. Sun 2-3 ft. Purple Coarse texture; native plant. Coral Bells Heuchera sanguinea Full sun to filtered in matter 8-10 in.; flower scapes to 24 in. White, red and s of red Fillers in bouquets. Susceptible to crown rot. Remove dried flowers to reduce infection. Coreopsis Coreopsis lanceolata Crane's Bill Geranium spp. tolerates dry, less Daylily Hemerocallis spp. Sun 2-3 ft. Yellow Cultivars: 'Early Sunrise', 'Sunray'. in afternoon; medium heavy loam in. ; thick ascending stems Forms large clumps; clumps; 18 in. to 5 ft. Lilac, blue, magenta, white, purple Broad color Nearly indestructible; spreads excessively on nitrogen s. Several ornamental species and Tolerates neglect. Several species; hundreds of useful

7 Dianthus Dianthus spp. rich, slightly alkaline requires good air circulation False Sun Flower Gaura Heliopsis helianthoides Gaura lindheimeri Sun or matter Sun Densely tufted; 6-15 in. ; trailing growth habit; creeping rhizomes 3-5 ft. ; erect stems; clump former 3 ft., 2 ft. wide Deep pink, rarely white or red Yellowo White, pink, rose Fragrant flowers; many Many available cultivars that are useful in dry sites. Easy to grow. Flowers open white, deepen to rose; native plant; may need stakes; Cultivars: 'Siskiyou Pink', 'Corrie's Gold'. Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus Shade 2-4 ft. White Showy white panicles. Hardy Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum morifolium Sun 9 in. to 3 ft. or more in height Broad color Highly variable in height, plant and flower form. Can readily transplant in full flower.

8 Winter protection recommended. Hundreds of Hardy Ice Plant Delosperma congestum Sun, afternoon 2 in., spreads 30 in. Yellow Succulent leaves turn bright red in winter; Cultivar: 'Gold Nugget'. Hosta Hosta Partial to 6 in. to 3 ft. White, lavender Many Lady's Mantle Alchemilla mollis Part tolerates sun with moist conditions 12 in. ;rounded form Yellow Beautiful foliage. Lead Plant Missouri Primrose New York Aster Amorpha canescens Oenothera missouriensis Sun 3 ft., dense Lavenderblue tolerates dry conditions Aster novi-belgii moist, Dense, white hairy leaflets. 12 in. Yellow Large flowers, native plant, sprawling growth habit. Rhizomatous; varies from small and slender to large and stout 1 1/2-3 ft.1 1/2-3 ft. Broad color Requires division each year; subject to rust, Aster yellows and mildew. Hundreds of cultivars and several other useful species and hybrids

9 Oriental Poppy Painted Daisy Papaver orientale Chrysanthemum coccineum fertile, welldrained with matter; Penstemon Penstemon spp. prefers well drained conditions Peony Paeonia lactiflora deep, rich, drained ; matter; protect from wind Perennial Flax Linum perenne light, welldrained, moist and 3-4 ft. O, pink, salmon, white 2-3 ft.; upright, long stems Pink, red or white; single or double 1 1/2-3 ft. Broad color 2-3 ft. ; rhizomatous 1-2 1/2 ft. ; gracefully arching stems Pitcher's Sage Salvia azurea Sun 3-4 ft., 2 ft. wide Prairie Ragwort Purple Poppy-mallow Senecio plattenensis Callirhoe involucrata Broad color Blue Blue-violet Sun in. Yellow, o center available to gardeners. Foliage dies back during summer. Numerous Aphids may be a problem. Excellent cut flowers. Many useful Neat foliage, often glossy, somewhat evergreen. Cultivars: 'Husker Red', 'Prairie Splendor'. Hundreds of cultivars; many flower forms from singles to doubles. Very popular perennial. Not suitable for cut flowers. Other species of Linum make valuable garden plants. Native plant; Cultivar: 'Nekan', 'Grandiflora'. Basal leaves have maroon undersides. Sun 18 in. Purple Native groundcover.

10 Rudbeckia, Goldstrum Russian Sage Rudbeckia fulgida `Goldsturm' Perovskia atriplicifolia Sun 24 in. Yellow Compact, long-blooming form. tolerates dry conditions Sedum Sedum spp. light drought tolerant Shasta Daisy Snakeroot, Black Sneezeweed Spiderwort Chrysanthemum maximum Cimicifuga racemosa Helenium autumnale Tradescantia spp. for double flowering forms Partial to moist ; moderate fertility; matter Shade or sun 3-5 ft. Lavender Sub-shrub form with silver gray foliage; no pests in. 2-4 ft. from a rosette Pink, white, red, yellow White Good cut flower. Cultivars bearing different flower colors available. Good cut flower; many 2-3 ft. White Handsome, broad leaves. 2-4 ft. ; rank growth 1 1/2-2 ft. Yellow, reddishbrown, crimson White, blue or rose Late summer bloom. Easy to grow. Statice, German Statice, Sea Lavendar Goniolimon tatarica Limonium latifolium Sun 18 in. White For dried Sun in. ; rounded form Lavender Open, light texture. Threadleaf Coreopsis Coreopsis moist, Clump Yellow Popular

11 verticillata forming; in. in height Veronica, Speedwell Veronica spp. 2-4 ft. Blue, white, red cultivars are "Moonbeam," a pale yellow, and "Zagreb," a dark yellow. Many hybrids and cultivars available. Good garden plant. Yarrow Achillea millefoliium dry ; best in low nitrogen s in. ; stiff erect stems Red, cream, yellow Gray-green foliage. Excellent for cutting or drying. Flowers from June to September. File G1015 under: HORTICULTURE A-36, Ornamentals Revised April 1999, 2,000 Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Elbert C. Dickey, Interim Dean and Director of Cooperative Extension, University of Nebraska, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension educational programs abide with the nondiscrimination policies of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and the United States Department of Agriculture.