Rain: Good or Bad? J U L Y

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Rain: Good or Bad? J U L Y"

Mark Clarke
5 years ago
Views:

Meade County Extension Service 1041 Old Ekron Road, Brandenburg, KY 40108 270-422-4958 270-422-3773 Fax www.ca.uky.edu/meade Rain: Good or Bad?

However, like most of the time, along with the good (rain) comes some bad. Rain this time of year is very welcome for all of our crops.

Several insects need moisture for their eggs or lush foliage for egg laying and protection. Also, naturally rain helps our crops grow but the weeds like it too.

Also, burley will become more susceptible to leaf diseases such as septoria leaf spot in tomatoes and fruit rot in squash and cucumbers that will run ramped in the next week or so.

Scouting and close regular observation is one key to controlling a problem early. Controlling a problem may be more difficult than preventing it.

1 Meade County Extension Service 1041 Old Ekron Road, Brandenburg, KY Fax Rain: Good or Bad? J U L Y It s hard to believe it s mid-july already! It s also hard to believe we are having a hard time catching a dry day this time of year not complaining. However, like most of the time, along with the good (rain) comes some bad. Rain this time of year is very welcome for all of our crops. However, a lot of our crop pests love the rain as well. Most infectious diseases need extended periods of moisture to enter a plant. Several insects need moisture for their eggs or lush foliage for egg laying and protection. Also, naturally rain helps our crops grow but the weeds like it too. Due to wet humid weather, diseases such as grey leaf spot in corn as well as brown spot and frog eye leaf spot in soybeans will develop and spread quickly. Also, burley will become more susceptible to leaf diseases such as septoria leaf spot in tomatoes and fruit rot in squash and cucumbers that will run ramped in the next week or so. Insects like stink bugs, cucumber beetles, as well as mosquitoes will be at an alltime high with our recent weather due to moisture and wind patterns. Scouting and close regular observation is one key to controlling a problem early. Controlling a problem may be more difficult than preventing it. Prevention starts before a disease or insect has done some damage. Prevention can begin with helping dry plants off by removing weeds that prevent air flow and hold in humidity, elimination of standing water, and start a spray schedule according to the crop you re protecting. Call the Extension Office for more information on prevention and control. Sincerely, Andy Mills Meade County Extension Agent for Agriculture & Natural Resources

University of Kentucky Corn, Soybean & Tobacco Field Day July 28, 2016 Registration begins at 7:00 CDT Soil Water, Crop & Remote Sensing Measurements for Irrigation Management -Ole Wendroth, Javier

2 University of Kentucky Corn, Soybean & Tobacco Field Day July 28, 2016 Registration begins at 7:00 CDT Soil Water, Crop & Remote Sensing Measurements for Irrigation Management -Ole Wendroth, Javier Reyes, & Xi Zhang ID of Stink Bugs & Influence of Seed-Treated Soybeans with Neonicotinoids & Border Management - Raul Villanueva & Hannah Penn New Weed Control Technologies Are We Prepared? - JD Green New Soybean Planting Date Recommendations for KY - Carrie Knott Really High Populations & Really High Yields-Chad Lee Determining the Economic Value of Poultry Litter - Jordan Shockley Corn & Soybean Disease Update - Carl Bradley Cover Crops for Weed Management - Erin Haramoto Managing Manure Nutrients - Josh McGrath Corn & Soybean Outlook - Todd Davis Update - Andy Bailey & Tobacco Research Team Colette Laurent, UK Grain Crops Coordinator claurent@uky.edu (270) ext 264 LOCATION: UK Research & Education Center 1205 Hopkinsville St. Lunch sponsored by KSPB & KyCGA CCA and Pesticide credits application submitted

Black Rot of Grapes Kim Leonberger, Extension Associate and Nicole Ward Gauthier, Extension Specialist An Article from the Kentucky Pest News Black rot is a common disease of grapes in Kentucky.

However, fruit infections are the most destructive. Without adequate disease management, both home and commercial vineyards may suffer significant yield losses.

Enlarged spots develop dark margins with light brown to tan centers that may contain small, black spore-bearing fungal fruiting structures (pycnidia).

(Photo: Nicole Ward Gauthier, Fruit symptoms begin as soft, light brown spots (Figure 3) that enlarge to envelop entire berries. Infected fruit then shrivel into black, wrinkled mummies (Figure 4).

Disease is favored by warm, moist periods. Infection may occur throughout the growing season; however, as plants mature, disease susceptibility decreases. Caused by the fungus Guignardia bidwellii.

(Photo: Clemson USDA CES, Bugwood.org) Management Options Select cultivars with reduced susceptibility to black rot.

3 Black Rot of Grapes Kim Leonberger, Extension Associate and Nicole Ward Gauthier, Extension Specialist An Article from the Kentucky Pest News Black rot is a common disease of grapes in Kentucky. Due to the prevalence of this disease, it is also one of the most economically important diseases of grapes. Black rot can affect all young, developing, above ground plant tissues. However, fruit infections are the most destructive. Without adequate disease management, both home and commercial vineyards may suffer significant yield losses. Black Rot Facts Leaf symptoms first appear as small, round, reddish-brown spots that enlarge to 1/8 to 1/4 inch diameter (Figure 1). These spots may coalesce into larger blotches (Figure 2). Enlarged spots develop dark margins with light brown to tan centers that may contain small, black spore-bearing fungal fruiting structures (pycnidia). Figure 1: Leaf symptoms are first observed as small, round, reddish-brown spots. Figure 2: Leaf spots coalesce into larger blotches. (Photo: Nicole Ward Gauthier, Fruit symptoms begin as soft, light brown spots (Figure 3) that enlarge to envelop entire berries. Infected fruit then shrivel into black, wrinkled mummies (Figure 4). Symptoms on shoots, petioles, and tendrils appear as irregular or diamond-shaped, sunken, tan to brown lesions. Black fungal fruiting structures may be observed in lesions. Disease is favored by warm, moist periods. Infection may occur throughout the growing season; however, as plants mature, disease susceptibility decreases. Caused by the fungus Guignardia bidwellii. The pathogen survives winter in mummies, fallen leaves, and stem lesions. Figure 3: Fruit symptoms begin as soft, light brown spots that enlarge to envelop the entire berry. (Photo: Clemson USDA CES, Bugwood.org) Management Options Select cultivars with reduced susceptibility to black rot. Plant in good sites with appropriate air circulation and leaf drying characteristics. Avoid planting in low lying, poorly drained sites. Train vines onto high trellises to promote air circulation and allow for better fungicide penetration. Remove weeds and basal sprouts for increased air movement. Utilize disease prediction models to evaluate risk for infection. The University of Kentucky provides a Black Rot of Grape Disease Prediction Model Remove and destroy all diseased plant tissues. Fungicides may be applied preventatively beginning at bud break (after 1/2 inch new growth) and continue through berry maturity. Homeowners may use fungicides that contain the active ingredients mancozeb or myclobutanil. Contact a county Extension agent for more information on fungicide use. Figure 4: Infected fruit shrivel into black, wrinkled mummies, which may stay attached to the cluster or fall to the ground. (Photo:

Stink Bugs are Common on Many Crops By Ric Bessin, University of Kentucky Extension Entomologist Stink bugs are becoming more numerous as we move into the midsummer months; they are feeding on a wide

While they do feed on foliage of some crops, the more common damage is to the fruiting structures, the part of the plant we would like to sell.

Generally, stink bug numbers peak during August in field and specialty crops and begin to decline in September. Figure 1. Harlequin bug feeds on crucifer foliage, leaving distinct leaf damage.

While their body shape and color are similar to that of a squash bug, their hind legs have a flattened and expanded tibia that is the basis for their common name.

4 Stink Bugs are Common on Many Crops By Ric Bessin, University of Kentucky Extension Entomologist Stink bugs are becoming more numerous as we move into the midsummer months; they are feeding on a wide range of agronomic and horticultural crops. Producers are encouraged to be on the lookout for stink bugs and their close relative, leaf-footed bugs. While they do feed on foliage of some crops, the more common damage is to the fruiting structures, the part of the plant we would like to sell. We are finding four types of stink bugs attacking crops: green stink bug, brown stink bugs, brown marmorated stink bug, and harlequin bug. Generally, stink bug numbers peak during August in field and specialty crops and begin to decline in September. Figure 1. Harlequin bug feeds on crucifer foliage, leaving distinct leaf damage. (Photo: Ric Bessin, UK) Monitor Plantings for Stink Bugs and Leaf-footed Bugs Leaf-footed bug Leaf-footed bugs are large, about 1 inch in length, and relatively narrow when compared to a stink bug. While their body shape and color are similar to that of a squash bug, their hind legs have a flattened and expanded tibia that is the basis for their common name. They have long antennae compared to stink bugs. Leaffooted bugs may also be confused with assassin bugs, which are beneficial insect predators. However, assassin bugs generally have enlarged front legs to capture and hold prey. Figure 2. Green stink bug is easier to control with insecticides than brown or brown marmorated stink bugs. (Photo: Ric Bessin, UK) Beneficial Stink Bugs Not all stink bugs are bad. Kentucky has three species of beneficial stink bugs that can be common in some fields: spined soldier bug, anchor bug, and two-eyed stink bug. These predaceous stink bugs don t feed on plants; they dine on insects, including many insect pests. Figure 3. There are three species we refer to as brown stink bugs, they are all pests. (Photo: Ric Bessin, UK) Figure 4. Leaf-footed bugs (lower right) get their name from the wide tibia on their hind legs. (Photo: Ric Bessin, UK) Managing Stink Bugs and Leaf-footed Bugs Stink bugs are difficult insects to control with insecticides, so when they are a problem, select insecticides that are recommended for their control. Occasionally leaf-footed bugs may need to be controlled, particularly on tomatoes, green beans, or peaches, where they cause damage similar to stink bugs. Insecticides listed for stink bug control in Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers (ID-36) are recommended for leaf-footed bugs.

Farm Bureau Fair Breakfast Meade County Fairgrounds Farm Bureau Tickets $1 Guest Speaker:

5 Farm Bureau Fair Breakfast Meade County Fairgrounds Farm Bureau Tickets $1 Guest Speaker: Warren Beeler Eggs Sausage Biscuits & Gravy Baked Apples Coffee & Milk Thursday July 28 Breakfast 7:00 a.m. Program 7:30 a.m. Purchase Tickets at the: Meade County Farm Bureau (Brandenburg or Flaherty) Meade County Extension Office Executive Director of the Governor s Office of Agricultural Policies At the conclusion of Warren s talk, he will be auctioning off 4-H Country Hams cured by our Meade County Youth. For more information call (270)

6 Meade County Cooperative Extension Service 1041 Old Ekron Rd Brandenburg, KY NONPROFIT ORG US POSTAGE PAID BRANDENBURG, KY PERMIT #49 RETURN SERVICE REQUESTED Department F Field Crops and Forages All entries must have been grown and/or harvested between July 26, 2015 and July 25, Entries will be accepted Monday, July 25 between 8:00 a.m. and 12:30 p.m. Entries may be picked up Sunday, July 31, between 1:00 p.m. and 2:00 p.m. Items 1-15: Blue ribbon, $5; red ribbon, $3; white ribbon, $2; Items 16-17: Blue ribbon, $6; red ribbon, $4; white ribbon, $3; CORN ears yellow corn ears white corn 3. Single ear white corn 4. Single ear yellow corn 5. Yellow or white shelled, 1 qt. WHEAT 6. Winter wheat, 1 qt. SOYBEAN 7. Soybeans, 1 qt. HAY 8. Alfalfa, 10 lbs. 9. Alfalfa/Grass, 10 lbs. 10. Timothy, 10 lbs. 11. Fescue, 10 lbs. 12. Orchardgrass, 10 lbs. 13. Lespedeza/Grass, 10 lbs. 14. Red Clover/Grass, 10 lbs. 15. White Clover/Grass, 10 lbs. TOBACCO stick, 5 plants tobacco AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS 17. Agriculture products display

INSPECTOR FINDINGS. University of Kentucky Department of Entomology Office of the State Entomologist S-225 Ag Science Ctr N Lexington, KY

INSPECTOR FINDINGS. University of Kentucky Department of Entomology Office of the State Entomologist S-225 Ag Science Ctr N Lexington, KY JULY 2016 OFFICE OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST VOLUTELLA BLIGHT PAGE 2 FOURLINED PLANT BUG PAGE 5 VOLUME XVIIII, ISSUE III ANTRHACNOSE ON SHADE TREES PAGE 8 INSPECTOR FINDINGS Plant Bug illustrations from