Insect Management for Peppers

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Bartholomew Harper
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1 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 1/16 April 7, 2005 Insect Management for Peppers 1 William E. Chaney Farm Advisor - Entomology U.C. Cooperative Extension 1432 Abbott Street Salinas, CA Insect Management for Peppers Aphids Thrips Psyllids Symphylans 2 Others

2 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 2/16 Insect Management for Peppers Aphids Green Peach Aphid 3 Insect Management for Peppers Aphids 4 Damage: Honeydew Viruses Management Insecticides Weed Control Biological Control

Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 3/16 Insect Management for Peppers Aphids Management by insecticides is usually not successful in preventing virus

3 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 3/16 Insect Management for Peppers Aphids Management by insecticides is usually not successful in preventing virus transmission. 5 It may be helpful in slowing the in-field spread of these viruses. Insect Management for Peppers Thrips Western Flower Thrips Onion Thrips 6

4 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 4/16 Insect Management for Peppers Thrips 7 Damage: Scaring Tomato Spotted Wilt Management Insecticides Weed Control 8 Insect Management for Peppers Thrips Management by insecticides is usually not successful in preventing virus transmission. It may be helpful in slowing the infield spread of these viruses.

5 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 7/16 Potato Psyllid Egg: 3 to 9 days Nymphs: five instars -12 to 21 days Adult Females: lay up to 1000 eggs over about 3 weeks Optimum Temperature range: 60 to 90 deg F Lethal temp: 104 deg F -eggs and nymphs 13 Potato Psyllid "psyllid yellows honeydew 14

6 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 8/16 Damage symptoms (tomato) 15 Psyllid yellow from salavary toxin: Reduces levels of nitrogen; Inhibition of material translocation; Smaller and distorted chloroplasts. Symptoms: Retarded growth; erectness of new growth; yellowing of leaves; production of small fruit. Insect Management for Peppers PsyllidManagement Insecticides Avoid carbamates. Use contact materials early Use high volumes to insure coverage 16

7 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 9/16 Garden Symphylan 17 Fielddamage 18

8 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 10/16 Symphylans (Garden Centipedes) Small (1/4 inch) white soft-bodied centipede-like animals Eyeless Sense the world with antennae 15 body segments 12 pairs of legs paired spinnerets Nervous movement, running!! 19 Symphylans Class: Symphyla NOT INSECTS Long lived (5+ years in the lab) 1 generation per year 2 or 3 possible Eggs laid in groups in the soil and tended Newly emerged nymphs have 6 pairs of legs Molt throughout life; do not feed during molting 20

Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 11/16 Symphylans Generalist feeders but with a preference for the tissues of higher plants May eat 3-15 times their own weight per day Antennae sensitive to

9 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 11/16 Symphylans Generalist feeders but with a preference for the tissues of higher plants May eat 3-15 times their own weight per day Antennae sensitive to vapors: chloropicrin, ether, chloroform, and ethyl alcohol Tend to avoid light, but will feed above ground 21 Symphylans Move in soil pores fast and far More than 10 feet per day. Diurnal movements up and down in the soil profile 22

10 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 12/16 Symphylan Sampling 23 Symphylan Sampling 24

11 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 13/16 Symphylan Sampling 25 Symphylan Sampling 26

12 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 14/16 Symphylans per bait station Symphylan-plant weight regression Symphylans per sample y = x r 2 = plant weight 35 days after planting (grams)

investigates. It may be helpful to carefully manage soil moisture and tillage.

13 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 15/16 Insect Management for Peppers Symphylans Management by insecticides is difficult and still being investigates. It may be helpful to carefully manage soil moisture and tillage. 29 Insect Management for Peppers Other Pests 30 Leafminers Pepper Weevil Worms Flea Beetles

14 Bill Chaney Insect Management for Pepper 16/16 Thanks for your attention. Questions? Comments? 31

Integrated pest management on vegetables for insect pests and vectors in South Texas

Integrated pest management on vegetables for insect pests and vectors in South Texas Adrian Silva and Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas Texas A&M AgriLife Research August 2016 Insect pests of vegetables in the