DEMONSTRATION. Tinian. Saipan. Guam 1. Rota. Guam 2

Transcription

1 LEUC AENA TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION Tinian Saipan Guam 1 Rota Guam 2 AS PART OF THE DEMONSTRATION AND OUTREACH PROGRAM OF THE MARIANAS GRAZING AND LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT ACADEMY LED BY CTAHR, UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, COOPERATORS ON THE ISLANDS OF GUAM, ROTA, TINIAN AND SAIPAN HAVE ESTABLISHED APPROXIMATELY 15 ACRES OF LEUCANA VAR. TARRAMBA, BASED ON THE AUSTRALIAN LEUCAENA TECHNOLOGY MODEL DEVELOPED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND. THE FOLLOWING PAGES DESCRIBE THE FIELD DEMONSTRATION PLOTS. COMPILED BY GLEN K. FUKUMOTO

2 PLOT 1: TINIAN Cooperator: Sam Palacios Tinian Island, CNMI SEEDS PLANTED IN JULY 22, PHOTO TAKEN ON DEC. 10, 2010 Plot 1. Method: Row cultivation, Direct seeding. Row length: 100 meters Number of rows: 3 Row spacing: 35 feet. PLOT 1: PLANT HEIGHT AT 18 WEEKS AVERAGES 5 FEET TALL Notes: Germination observed after 1 day of planting. Plot 2. Method: Row cultivation, Direct seeding. Row length: variable meters Number of rows: 15 Row spacing: 35 feet. PLOT 2. PLANTED IN SEPTEMBER 18, PLANT HEIGHT: 3 FEET TALL PHOTO TAKEN ON DEC. 10, 2010 Total area planted: 4 acres

3 Cooperator: Father L. Antonelli of San Ysidro Ranch Managers: David Calvo and Brian Mendiola ROTA METHOD: FULL CULTIVATION SEEDS PLANTED IN JULY, PHOTO TAKEN ON DEC. 5, 2010 Method: Full cultivation, Direct Seeding Row length: 100 meters Number of rows: 2 Row spacing: 18 feet. Inter-row forage: planned grasses include: mulato, signal, buffel VARIATION IN PLANT ESTABLISHMENT MOST LIKELY IS A RESULT OF A CORAL HARDPAN LAYER., coral hardpan Total area planted: 1 acre PLANT HEIGHT RANGE FOR 6-8 INCHES UP TO 5 FEET TALL.

4 Cooperator: Joe San Augustin Method: Full cultivation, Direct seeding Row length: 100 meters Number of rows: 11 GUAM 1 METHOD: FULL CULTIVATION SEEDS PLANTED IN JULY, ROW LENGTH: 100 METERS 11 ROWS DOUBLE-ROW SPACING: 30 IN. ROW SPACING: 35 FEET INTER ROW: GUINEA GRASS PHOTO TAKEN ON SEPT Row spacing: 35 feet. Total area planted: 5 acres PHOTO TAKEN IN SEPT NOTES WEED IN INTER-ROW SPACING. COOPERATOR MANAGED WEED BY HAND PULLING. PLANT HEIGHT RANGE FROM 9 TO 18 INCHES TALL IN APPROXIMATELY 60 DAYS OF GROWTH.

5 Cooperator: Ramon A. Torres Method: Row cultivation, Direst seeding Row length: 70 meters GUAM 2 METHOD: ROW CULTIVATION PLANTED IN JULY, ROW LENGTH: 70 METERS 4 ROWS DOUBLE-ROW SPACING: 24 IN. ROW SPACING: FEET INTER ROW: GUINEA GRASS PHOTO TAKEN ON SEPT., 2010 Number of rows: 4 Row spacing: feet. Intra-row spacing: 24 inches HAND WEEDING OF THE DEMONSTRATION PLOTS Germination observed after1day of planting. Total area planted: 1 acre PLANT HEIGHT RANGE FROM 12 TO 30 INCHES TALL IN 60 DAYS AFTER PLANTING.

6 Cooperator: Ernest Torres Method: Row cultivation, Seedling. Row length: varies from 20 to 64 meters, total row length = 1,050 linear meters. Number of rows: 20 SAIPAN METHOD: ROW CULTIVATION SEEDLINGS PLANTED IN APRIL, ROW LENGTH: 20 TO 64 METERS 20 ROWS DOUBLE-ROW SPACING: 24 IN. ROW SPACING: 15 TO 20 FEET INTER ROW: GUINEA GRASS PHOTO TAKEN IN SEPT Row spacing: varies from 15 to 20 feet. Intra-row spacing: 24 inches Spacing between seedling plants within the row is 4-6 inches. Challenges: Cooperator favors planting Leucaena seedlings which reduces the tilled area and herbicide use. Seedling development costs are incorporated into the farm s crop production enterprise. The first section planted in April 2010 was irrigated until the beginning of the rainy season, which starts in July. First grazing: December 2010 to January Second grazing: Mid-February 2011 for 4 days with 70 head of cattle. PLANTED IN APRIL PLANT HEIGHT RANGE FROM 6 TO 10 FEET TALL. PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN SEPTEMBER 2010 Total area planted: 5 acres

7 AERIAL VIEW OF LEUCAENA PLOTS IN TINIAN, DECEMBER (PHOTO BY JIM WIMBERLY) SEEDLINGS PLANTED IN APRIL PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN MARCH NOTE THE DIAMETER OF THE STEM. THE COOPERATING RANCHER TOPPED OF THE PLANTS TO A HEIGHT OF APPROXIMATELY 3.5 FEET (HIP HEIGHT). SEEDLING PLANTED IN APRIL PHOTOGRAPH SHOWS 4 WEEKS OF GROWTH AFTER GRAZING IN THE DRY SEASON. ANIMALS HAVE GRAZED THE PLOTS TWO CYCLES WITH THE FIRST YEAR. REGROWTH STEM LENGTH RANGED FROM 8 TO 12-INCHES. THE DRY SEASON BEGINS IN FEBRUARY; AND THE WET SEASON BEGINS IN JULY. PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN MARCH 2011.