Carvel NND Zone Petition, December 16, 2011 APPENDIX 2 SURVEY OF HISTORIC, LOCAL & HUDSON VALLEY ARCHITECTURE

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1 arvel NN Zone Petition, ecember 16, 2011 PPNIX 2 SURVY OF HISTORI, LOL & HUSON VLLY RHITTUR

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3 Survey of Historic, Local, & Hudson Valley rchitecture Prepared for the arvel Property evelopment by LRK Inc. November 2011

SURVY OF HISTORI, LOL, & HUSON VLLY RHITTUR The following document describes and illustrates, through photographic samples, the prevailing historic and traditional architectural styles found in the

These precedents showcase samples in both hamlet (and village) settings and in outlying rural (farmsteads, rural homes outside of hamlets and villages) settings.

4 SURVY OF HISTORI, LOL, & HUSON VLLY RHITTUR The following document describes and illustrates, through photographic samples, the prevailing historic and traditional architectural styles found in the local community and in surrounding communities of the Hudson Valley. These precedents showcase samples in both hamlet (and village) settings and in outlying rural (farmsteads, rural homes outside of hamlets and villages) settings. In hamlets and villages, housing is typically clustered together on a small network of interconnected streets. In outlying rural areas, housing tends to be located farther apart and on larger lots. HMLTS N VILLGS utchess ounty includes numerous small rural hamlets and villages. These centers are typically the heart of a community and include a mix of building styles and uses. Lots are typically small (less than 0.5 acres in area) and buildings are situated close together or even attached or semi-attached, mainly fronting on a single main road (often a State or ounty highway). uildings feature a mix of architectural details, such as spacious front porches, balconies, and ornamental columns and railings. The architectural styles of the local area and greater utchess ounty and Hudson Valley region include the following: Italianate Gothic Revival Folk Victorian Second mpire Stick / Queen nne Georgian Federal Greek Revival utch olonial Revival rts & rafts / raftsman Shingle Tudor Vernacular Modern Many Hudson Valley villages and hamlets are noted for their architectural style, classic small town look, and variety of building types, with most notable structures clad in white clapboard siding with dark colored shutters. RURL RS Rural residences and accessory buildings located outside of hamlet centers are generally less detailed in their style and ornamentation than buildings within hamlet centers. In addition, these residences tend to be larger than those in the hamlet centers. Italianate Multiple detached outbuildings, typically of an agrarian nature, are common, as are fences and tree rows along the street. Lot sizes generally vary from small lots (0.5 to 1.0 acres), which are typically carved out of former farmsteads, to much larger parcel sizes (2.0 to 25 acres or more). Georgian 2 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

5 Second mpire Greek Revival Shingle Federal Folk Victorian Queen nne November

6 ITLINT STYL y the 1860s, Italianate became the most popular housing style in Victorian merica. ased on Italian country dwellings, it was favored for its use of many different building materials which could be adapted to fit modest budgets. Similar to the Gothic Revival, the Italianate style evolved out of the growing trend in the mid-nineteenth century toward picturesque country homes. Some of the most distinctive details of the style are wide, overhanging eaves with large decorative brackets and cornices. More detailed versions often feature square cupolas, porches topped with balustrade balconies, and tall, narrow, double-paned windows with hood moldings. haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Symmetrical, Towered, symmetrical Hipped, Low-pitched gable and flat roofs lapboard siding, rick Half-glass double doors, 4-panel Low-pitched Hip Roof with Front Gable ccent Gable Window or Vent Window Types: 2 over 2, 2 over 1, rched-top Porches: 1-story with trim work, overed stoops rched-top Windows olors: arthtones with dark accents, Whites with dark accents aves with eep Overhangs and rackets 2 over 2 Windows Italianate house in Pine Plains 4 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

7 Italianate house in Rhinebeck Italianate house in Pine Plains Italianate house in Pine Plains Italianate details include bracketed cornices, bay windows, and verticallyproportioned segmented arch windows Pine Plains example with overhanging eaves with large decorative brackets and cornices November 2011 Italianate house in Rhinebeck 5

GOTHI RVIVL STYL Gothic Revival was not as popular as Greek or Italianate styles. The Gothic Revival style imitated the great cathedrals and castles of urope, romanticizing medieval styles.

8 GOTHI RVIVL STYL Gothic Revival was not as popular as Greek or Italianate styles. The Gothic Revival style imitated the great cathedrals and castles of urope, romanticizing medieval styles. The earliest homes were constructed of stone and brick, transitioning to wood since few people could afford to build grand masonry homes. The availability of lumber and factory-made architectural trim led to a distinctly merican version of Gothic Revival. New machines invented during the Victorian era made it easy and affordable to add scrolled ornaments, lacy details, gingerbread trim and other decorative details. Wood-framed Gothic Revival homes became merica's dominant style in the mid-1800s. Gothic designs were mostly promoted as a rural style as the homes did not fit on a typical city lot. haracteristics Massing: Symmetrical, symmetrical, L-shaped/gable wing Roof Types: Steeply-pitched gables xt. ladding: lapboard siding, Stone, oard and batten oor Types: Half-glass, 4-panel Steep-Pitched Gables ccent Gable Window or Vent Square Porch Posts lapboard Siding 2 over 2 Windows Window Types: 2 over 2, Pointed arch tops, og ear trim Porches: olors: 1-story with trim work Whites with dark accents, Light colors with white trim Gothic Revival house in Millerton 6 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

9 Square columns and turned porch posts are typical on porches and stoops Simple wood detailing, such as rafter tails are common in Gothic Revival Steeply-pitched front gables with accent windows Porches feature simple wood ornamentation such as brackets Pointed arched windows and dog ear trim are common on Gothic windows Gothic Revival infl uence on a home in Pine Plains November

FOLK VITORIN STYL The Folk Victorian style (the most common Victorian style) grew from the expansion of railroads into smaller towns and cities, bringing with it mass-produced wood features which

10 FOLK VITORIN STYL The Folk Victorian style (the most common Victorian style) grew from the expansion of railroads into smaller towns and cities, bringing with it mass-produced wood features which could be transported quickly and cheaply almost anywhere. Trim and ornament were typically added to older, traditional folk houses to give them an updated look with new ornamentation, now available everywhere due to pattern books, mass production and sale of wood features. With their spindles and porches, some Folk Victorian homes may suggest a Queen nne style, but Folk Victorian houses are orderly and symmetrical houses. They also do not include towers, bay windows or elaborate moldings. haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Window Types: 2 over 2 symmetrical, L-shaped with gable wing Front gable wing, Hipped lapboard siding, Stone, oard and batten Half-glass, 4-panel Front Gable Wing Simple Gable racket Porches: olors: 1-story with trim work White with dark accents, Light colors with white trim Turned Porch Posts and Simple rackets lapboard Siding 2 over 2 Windows Folk Victorian house in Pine Plains 8 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

11 Folk Victorian house in Millerton Folk Victorian house in Pine Plains Folk Victorian house in Pine Plains Folk Victorian house in utchess ounty Folk Victorian porch detailing Folk Victorian house in Rhinebeck November

SON MPIR STYL The Second mpire style was very popular in the Northeast. To create a sense of height, Second mpire homes were constructed with tall mansard roofs and wrought iron cresting.

12 SON MPIR STYL The Second mpire style was very popular in the Northeast. To create a sense of height, Second mpire homes were constructed with tall mansard roofs and wrought iron cresting. The height provided additional living space on a narrow lot. In the United States, Second mpire homes often have an Italianate flavor, both tending to be square in shape with decorative brackets and single story porches. Highly decorative exteriors with classical features such as pediments and balustrades are very characteristic of the Second mpire style. haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Symmetrical, Rectangular Mansard lapboard siding, rick, Stucco Half-glass, 4-panel, overed roof with brackets Window Types: 2 over 2, 2 over 1, rched-top Mansard Roof Porches: 1-story with trim work, overed stoops rched-top Windows olors: White with dark accents, Grays with white trim aves with eep Overhangs and rackets lapboard Siding 2 over 2 Windows Second mpire house in Pine Plains 10 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

13 Mansard roof is the most distinctive Second mpire feature Second mpire porch with square columns and brackets Second mpire cottage in Pine Plains overed entry with bracketed roof is typical of Second mpire Second mpire roof details on a home in Pine Plains November

14 STIK/QUN NN STYL Stick style was the most eclectic style of the Victorian era, consisting of a combination of various styles, details and forms. xterior wall surfaces were emphasized with ornament (eg., exposed and prominent trusses, brackets, rafters, corbels and gable braces, which are not necessary structural elements but rather decorations that imitate architecture from the medieval past), identified most prominently with the diagonal or straight stick work applied to the facade. From 1880 to 1900, Stick Style represented a transition from the Gothic Revival to the later Queen nne style. The Queen nne style is a romantic style that became an architectural fashion during the 1880s and 1890s when the industrial revolution brought new technologies. The Queen nne style dominated Victorian residential architecture. uilders used mass-produced pre-cut architectural trim to create fanciful and sometimes flamboyant house details with vibrant colors and gingerbread detailing. Front Gable with Ornamental racket Variety of Siding, ccents and olors aves with eep Overhangs and rackets haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Symmetrical, symmetrical, Towered Hipped, Steeply-pitched gables, Irregular lapboard siding, Shingles, Fish-scale siding, rick Half-glass, 4-panel Window Types: 2 over 2, 1 over 1 Porches: olors: 1-story with decorative trim, often with wrap-around porches rightly-colored siding and trim colors, arthtones with light or white accents Square Porch Posts with Gingerbread Queen nne house in Millerton 12 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

15 Queen nne house in Pine Plains Queen nne style in Pine Plains Queen nne style gingerbread detailing in Pine Plains Queen nne house at Stissing Lake Stick style details in Pine Plains Queen nne house in Rhinebeck November

16 GORGIN STYL Georgian architecture reflected the rising ambition of a new country. The Renaissance-inspired symmetrical, orderly Georgian style produced spacious and comfortable homes with their four-over-four floor plan (two rooms deep, two rooms high). These stately and symmetrical homes imitated the larger, more elaborate Georgian homes built in ngland. However, many of the merican versions tended to be less ornate and were humble dwellings with simpler, more vernacular materials than the higher-style uropean versions of the Georgian style. haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Symmetrical (rectangular with 5 opening bays and a central or end-paired chimneys) Gabled, Hipped lapboard siding, rick Half-glass, 6-panel with surrounds (sidelights, transoms, pilasters) Side-Gabled Roof with ormers 5-ay Main Mass laborate oor Surround Large lassical ornice 6 over 6 Windows Window Types: 6 over 6, 9 over 9, 12 over 12 Porches: olors: overed stoops Whites with white accents, Light colors with white trim Georgian farmhouse in utchess ounty 14 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

17 Georgian house in Pine Plains ontemporary example of Georgian home in the Hudson Valley Georgian farmhouse in utchess ounty Georgian farmhouse in utchess ounty Georgian entry and Palladian window on farmhouse in utchess ounty Georgian style entry portico November

FRL STYL The main identifying feature of the Federal style is a fanlight entryway with classical (Greek) detailing and common Palladian windows.

18 FRL STYL The main identifying feature of the Federal style is a fanlight entryway with classical (Greek) detailing and common Palladian windows. Graceful details distinguish Federal homes from the pragmatic more Georgian style. The Federal style became associated with merica s evolving national identity. Georgian homes are square and angular, while a Federal style building is more likely to have curved lines and decorative flourishes. Federalist details such as elliptical fanlights, Palladian windows and other decorative elements are often incorporated into modern merican homes. haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Symmetrical, Rectangular with side wings Gabled, Hipped lapboard siding, rick Half-glass, 4-panel, 6-panel (often with surround with fanlight transom) Window Types: 6 over 6, 12 over 12 Side-Gabled Roof Porches: lassically-styled porticos, 1-story porches 3-ay Main Mass with Side Wings olors: Light colors with dark trim, ark colors with light trim ntry Stoop with lassical etails lapboard Siding 6 over 6 Windows Federal farmhouse in utchess ounty 16 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

19 Federal style house in Pine Plains Federal style house in Millerton Pedimented entry with double staircase Federal style house in Pine Plains lassically-detailed stoop with elliptical fanlight door transom November

GRK RVIVL STYL Greek Revival was the dominant style in merica between 1820 and 1850. The style diffused westward with settlers (especially New nglanders, across upstate New York).

20 GRK RVIVL STYL Greek Revival was the dominant style in merica between 1820 and The style diffused westward with settlers (especially New nglanders, across upstate New York). This was the first merican architectural style to reach the West oast. The Greek Revival movement became widely accepted throughout the early United States as a symbol of the new democracy. Greek Revival was the first style to use a gable-front floor plan with a gable end facing the street, representing a Greek temple. ntry doors are surrounded by rectangular transoms (never rounded like Federal style homes) and sidelights. haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Symmetrical, Rectangular Gabled (low-pitched with heavy cornice lines) lapboard siding Half-glass, 6-Panel (with transom, sidelights, and decorative surround) Front Gable with Pediment Large ornice with ntablature oor Suround with lassical Pediment Wide orner Pilasters 6 over 6 Windows Window Types: 2 over 2, 6 over 6 Porches: olors: lassical portico entry, Fullwidth 1-story porch Whites with white accents, Light colors with white trim Greek Revival example in Pine Plains 18 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

21 Greek Revival house in Pine Plains Greek Revival house in Millerton Greek Revival house in Millerton overed stoops are common on Greek Revival homes og-ear trim on entry to a Greek Revival home in Millerton November 2011 Greek Revival gable and corner pilaster details on a home in Pine Plains 19

UTH OLONIL RVIVL STYL utch olonial Revival is a subset of a series of revival styles built primarily in the first half of the 20th century in merica s growing suburbs and small towns.

22 UTH OLONIL RVIVL STYL utch olonial Revival is a subset of a series of revival styles built primarily in the first half of the 20th century in merica s growing suburbs and small towns. The style mimics the early olonial homes of the utch settlers in the Northeast. haracteristics Massing: Symmetrical, Rectangular Homes of this style are distinguished by their large gambrel roof, with or without flared eaves, and the frequent use of dormers. Other details such as pilasters and decorative window and door crowns are borrowed from historic Georgian and Federal architecture. These homes were popular since they were less expensive to build than traditional two-story homes but still provided nearly a complete second floor. Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Gambrel, Side gable (false gambrel) lapboard siding, rick, Stone Half-glass, utch door, 6-Panel (with transom and sidelights) Gambrel Roof Large Porch olumns under Main Roof Large Shed ormer lapboard Siding 6 over 6 Windows Window Types: 6 over 6, 9 over 9, 6 over 1 Porches: olors: lassically-styled Porticos, 1-story Porches (often tucked under main roof with hefty columns), racketed roof White with dark accents, Light colors with white trim utch olonial Revival house in Rhinebeck 20 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

23 utch olonial Revival example in Millerton Gambrel roof on a utch olonial Revival home Gambrel roof on utch olonial home in Pine Plains utch olonial Revival house in Millerton with front-facing gambrel utch olonial Revival house in Pine Plains Formal entries with classical pediments are common on utch olonials Symmetrical detail around gambrel roof on utch olonial Revival November

RTS & RFTS/RFTSMN STYL Reacting to the extravagant, machined and mass-produced Victorian styles that represented the Industrial Revolution, rts and rafts and raftsman styles celebrate handicrafts and

24 RTS & RFTS/RFTSMN STYL Reacting to the extravagant, machined and mass-produced Victorian styles that represented the Industrial Revolution, rts and rafts and raftsman styles celebrate handicrafts and the use of simple forms and natural materials. Homes often feature deep porches, exposed rafters, and stout tapered columns on pedestals. Some raftsman houses have stone foundations, porch posts, and chimneys. The most popular raftsman house is the bungalow, which were built in merica s growing suburbs and small towns on smaller lots. The raftsman style exhibited a revival across the United States since the 1990 s with the restoration of older bungalows or the purchase of newer neo-craftsman bungalows. haracteristics: Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: symmetrical Hipped or Gabled (lowpitched with deep overhangs, exposed rafter tails) Wood shingle, Stone, Stucco, lapboard siding Half-glass, 4-panel Window Types: 3 over 1, 4 over 1, 6 over 1 Low-Pitched Roof Porches: 1-story porches with thickly tapered columns Natural Materials and olors olors: arthtones with light or dark trim eep Overhangs with xposed Rafters Stout olumns on Pedestals Wood Shingles House with rts and rafts details in Pine Plains 22 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

25 raftsman bungalow in Pine Plains rts and rafts porch detailing in Pine Plains raftsman bungalow in Pine Plains ontemporary example of rts and rafts at Stissing Lake Home with rts and rafts details in Pine Plains November

SHINGL STYL Shingle is an merican architectural style which originated in New ngland coastal towns. It is characterized by a free-flowing, open floor plan with open porches and an irregular roof line.

26 SHINGL STYL Shingle is an merican architectural style which originated in New ngland coastal towns. It is characterized by a free-flowing, open floor plan with open porches and an irregular roof line. Lacking the lavish decorations popular during the Victorian era, homes of this style are usually (but not always) sided in rustic cedar shingles. Taking on many forms, Shingle style homes exhibit complicated shapes and rambling, informal floor plans. Some Shingle style houses have turrets suggestive of Queen nne architecture while others include gambrel roofs, Palladian windows or other common details from revival styles. Shingle style houses also include features borrowed from Tudor, Gothic and Stick styles, but are more relaxed and informal. Gambrel Roof symmetrical Massing lassical Porch etails haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: symmetrical, Irregular Hipped, Gabled, Gambrel (with cross gables & eaves) lapboard siding, Wood Shingle, Stone Half-glass, 4-panel, 6-panel Window Types: 2 over 1, 4 over 1, 6 over 1, lliptical ccents, asements (grouped) Porches: olors: 1-story (full-width, side porch or wrap-around) arthtones with light trim Wood Shingles lliptical ccents Shingle style example in Pine Plains 24 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

27 Shingle style house in Millerton lassical porches and porticos are common on Shingle style homes Shingle style details include wood shingles, arched openings, bracketed eaves and accent windows. Gambrel roofs with fl ared eaves are common on Shingle style homes Shingle style house in Pine Plains November

28 TUOR STYL The Tudor style developed as a derivative of Medieval Revival architecture. s the style evolved, it began to emulate the nglish Renaissance styles of the 16th and 17th centuries, becoming what we know today as nglish Tudor. haracteristics Massing: symmetrical common characteristic of the style is the use of decorative half timber, hinting at its Medieval influence. Steeply pitched roofs with crossing gables are punctuated by intricately decorated chimneys. Tall narrow windows, semihexagonal one-and two-story bays, and oriel windows typify the style. The Tudor house is clad in brick, stone, or light colored stucco, often in a combination of these materials. Intricate patterns in the brick and stone add textural interest. Roof Types: xt. ladding: oor Types: Hipped and Gables (steeplypitched with cross gables and large decorative chimneys) lapboard Siding, Stucco, ecorative half-timbering, rick, Stone rched solid doors, heavy wood Steep Gable and Hip Roofs symmetrical Massing with ross Gables ecorative Half-Timbering Stoop with Timber Posts & rackets Grouped Windows Window Types: Narrow, grouped casements with decorative grills and muntins Porches: olors: overed entries arthtones with dark trim, White stucco with dark trim accents Tudor house at Stissing Lake 26 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

29 Grouped windows with dark trim Half-timbering is a key feature of the Tudor style Steeply-pitched roof with multiple front gables Solid wood entry door in recessed arched opening ecorative accents, such as shutters and window boxes November

30 VRNULR MORN STYL Vernacular Modern homes are influenced by local architectural traditions, but offer some design variations. These homes include houses built in the last 50 years that are heavily influenced by local building traditions, but utilize simpler forms and more modern materials and details. ontemporary style homes typically utilize more glazing than more traditional home types. While the architectural expression of the exterior of these homes may be simplified, the general material and color palette are similar to other vernacular styles. haracteristics Massing: Roof Types: xt. ladding: Symmetrical, symmetrical Hipped, Gabled lapboard siding, Vertical siding, Wood shingle, rick, Stone, oard & batten oor Types: Half-glass, Solid Window Types: 1 over 1, 2 over 2 Porches: 1-story porches, overed stoops eep Overhangs and aves olors: arthtones with dark trim, Light colors with white trim Grid-less or Simplified Windows Simplified Roof Forms Natural Materials and olors This home uses traditional elements in a more modern, rambling layout on this Stissing Lake home. 28 arvel evelopment Property - rchitectural Survey

This home in utchess ounty offers a simplifi ed and sleeker version

combined with other traditional elements like the metal roof and

Grid-less windows follow vertical proportions but give a more

31 This home in utchess ounty offers a simplifi ed and sleeker version of the vernacular farmhouse using basic massing and simple window elements. ontemporary vertical siding on this home in Stissing Lake is combined with other traditional elements like the metal roof and heavy timber porch. Grid-less windows follow vertical proportions but give a more contemporary feel to this Stissing Lake home. November 2011 Square and grid-less windows add a modern twist to the traditional materials and building elements on this building in Millerton. 29

DRAFT APPENDIX C. COMMON RESIDENTIAL STYLES IN THE SNOHOMISH HISTORIC DISTRICT Era of construction and architectural characteristics

DRAFT APPENDIX C. COMMON RESIDENTIAL STYLES IN THE SNOHOMISH HISTORIC DISTRICT Era of construction and architectural characteristics COMMON RESIDENTIAL STYLES IN THE SNOHOMISH HISTORIC DISTRICT Era of construction and architectural characteristics Gothic Revival (1840 1880) Steeply pitched roof Cross gables common Round turret Bay windows