Application of Space Technology in Sustainable Development of Iran

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Dorcas Harrell
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1 Application of Space Technology in Sustainable Development of Iran By: Prof. M.F.MAKHDOUM University of Tehran Head of Dept. Environmental Planning & management

2 Abstract : Sustainable development could not be successfully achieved without consideration of ecological principles. However, gap in ecological knowledge hindered these principles to be effectively used in planning processes. Whereas, ecological principles dictate some guidelines for sustainable development. In order to fill the gap, and employ the guidelines, for sustainable development, remote sensing and geographic information system (RS/GIS) have emerged as sub-systems of space technology. The application of these techniques in solving of ongoing environmental problems of Iran, as well as, for the future sustainable devlopment of the country is described by reviewing some case studies conducted in the university of Tehran in direct cooperation with Iran Space Agency.

3 Table of contents: Introduction GIS\RS as sub-system of space technology The application of GIS\RS in sustainable development of Iran Case studies

4 Introduction 1.Impact assessment of local decision in regional context 2.Monitoring long-term changes and unexpected events 3.Preservation of rare landscape elements and associated species 4.Spatial \ regional land use planning to avoid land use that deplete natural resources 5.Rehabilitation and post-conflict reconstruction

5 GIS\RS as sub-system system of space technology The application of GIS\RS in sustainable development of Iran Table 1: Unsustainable areas Area(ha) Causes of unsustainablity Water erosion Wind erosion Land degradation Total Source: Razaghi(2003)

6 Table 2: Human impacts Disturbances in Kind Plant cover depletion Over uses of water and soil capabilites Overgrazing Non-Sustainable land use practices Industrial and urban pollution Total percent Source: Razaghi(2003)

7 Case studies: 1.Impact assessment of local decision in regional context 2.Monitoring long-term changes and unexpected events

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12 3.Preservation of rare landscape elements and associated species Fig.5.

13 4.Spatial \ regional landuse planning to avoid landuse that deplete natural resources Class A Class B Class C

14 Fig.6.

15 4.Spatial \ regional landuse planning to avoid landuse that deplete natural resources Class A Class B Class C

17 Fig.8.

18 4.Spatial \ regional land use planning to avoid land use that deplete natural resources Class A Class B Class C 5.Rehabilitation and post-conflict reconstruction

19 4.Spatial \ Regional land use planning to avoid land use that deplete natural resources Class A Class B Class C 5.Rehabilitation and post-conflict reconstruction

20 Conclusion : Conclusion : Impact assesment, monitoring changes, preservation (conservation and protection) of natural entities, spatial/regional land use planning, and rehabilitation of affected sites are ecological guidelines for achieving sustainable development. Gaps in ecological knowledge delayed the application of these guidelines in Iran and elsewhere. The application of RS/GIS techniques have solved this shortcoming, and demonstrated other applications as well. Although, the first automated land evaluation in Iran dates back to 1989 (Makhdoum, 1993), but, uses of RS in conjuction with GIS, revolutionized the gap filling of ecological knowledge, and as a result, several applications emerged since 1997.

21 Seven application in Hyrcanian Biogeographical Region (Figure 1), one application in Zagrossian Biogeographical Region, and Seven applications in Irano-Turanian Biogeographical Region and one in Khalij-omani Region have represented the whole Biogeographical Regions of Iran. By the expansion of ISA in future, it is hoped other areas to be covered, and by construction of a data base of bank of ecological maps, the paths towards sustainable development of Iran ease down.

23 Thank you

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