A Historical Context of the Turpentine (Naval Stores) Industry in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains of Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida

Transcription

1 A Historical Context of the Turpentine (Naval Stores) Industry in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains of Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida APPENDIX A NAVAL STORES INDUSTRY RELATED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES THE LEGACY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE LEGACY PROJECT # REPORT SUBMITTED TO: DIRECTORATE OF PUBLIC WORKS, ENVIRONMENTAL DIVISION, CULTURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PROGRAM 1550 VETERANS PARKWAY BLDG 1137 FORT STEWART, GA AND U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, SAVANNAH DISTRICT 100 W. OGLETHORPE STREET SAVANNAH, GA REPORT PREPARED BY: MARTIN HEALEY AND S. DWIGHT KIRKLAND WITH CONTRIBUTIONS BY BRIAN K. GREER FINAL REPORT JULY 2015 MIPR Reference Number: MIPR2HDBPPP360 United States Army Corps of Engineers, IDIQ CONTRACT W912HN-11-D-0001 Delivery Order 0004 LG 2 Environmental Solutions, Inc. Project # Southeastern Horizons, Inc. Project Number: 1046

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3 APPENDIX A-1: GEORGIA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORMS

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47 GEORGIA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM 1999 Official Site Number: 9CE657 (Revisit) Offit,ial State Site No. 9( (g ~J Revisit Institutional Site Number: Site Name: County: Chattahoochee Map Name: Cusseta USGS ,, UTM Zone: 16S UTM East: UTM North: Owner: U.S. Army Address: Fort Benning, Georgia Site Length: 125 meters Width: 70 meters Elevation: meters Orientation: 1.N-S 2.E-W 3.NE-SW 4.NW-SE 5.Round 6.Unknown Kind of Investigation: 1.Survey 2.Testing 3.Excavation 4.Documentary 5.Hearsay 6.Unknown 7.Amateur Standing Architecture: 1.Present 2.Absent Site Nature: 1.Plowzone 2.Subsurface 3.Both 4.0nly Surface Known Midden: Percent Type of -----:-----_----=:.-' '~ Unknown 6.Underwater 1.Present 2.Absent 3.Unknown Features: 1.Present 2.Absent 3.Unknown Disturbance: 1.None 2. Greater than 50 3.Less than 50 4.Unknown Site (Mill, Mound, Quarry, Lithic Scatter, etc.): Twentieth century artifact scatter Topography (Ridge, Terrace, etc.): Upland ridge Current Vegetation (Woods, Pasture, etc.): Planted pines Additional Information: Site 9CE657 represents a very light density twentieth century non-indian artifact scatter. Site 9CE657 appears to have been selectively harvested and most of the mature pines noted in the original report are now gone. Visual and subsurface examinations showed the site to have been impacted by past logging events, road-related construction and maintenance, and military activities. As a result of severe erosion, there is little to no soil remaining on most parts of 9CE657. This site is effectively destroyed with little to no research potential remaining. Based on the quantity and the nature of the evidence recovered as well as the extent of damage and disturbance to the entire area, PCI recommends 9CE657 be considered ineligible for listing on the NRHP. As such, no additional archaeological research is warranted for this location. c "..- e.e-... _ SKETCH MAP (Include sites, roads, FORT BENNING 27 PHASE II, ece657 SITE low' streams, landmarks) o Mot o JOG lloo lioo 1200 Flit -~ OFFICIAL MAP (Xerox of proper map)

48 State Site Number: 9CE657 Institutional Site Name: Public Status: 1.National Historic Landmark 2.National Natural Landmark 3.Georgia Register 4.Georgia Historic Trust 5.HABS 6.HAER National Register Standing: 1.Determined Eligible 3.Recommended Eligible 4.Nominated 5.Listed 2.Recommended Ineligible 6.Unknown 7.Removed National Register Level of Significance: 1.Local 2.State 3.National Preservation State (Select up to Two): 1.Undisturbed 2.Cultivated 3.Eroded 4.Submerged 5.Lake Flooded 6.Vandalized 7.Destroyed 8.Redeposited 9.Graded 10.Razed Preservation Prospects: 1.Safe 3.Unknown 2.Endangered by: military activities Georgia Archaeological Site File RECORD OF INVESTIGATIONS Report No. LIb Q S Supervisor: Warren Carruth Affiliation: Panamerican Consultants, Inc. Date: April 22, 2008 Report Title: Phase II Investigation of 27 Sites (9CE44, 9CE243, 9CE657, 9CE884, 9CE1220, 9CE1227, 9CE1369, 9CE1500, 9CE1556, 9CE1592, 9CE1788, 9CE1801, 9CE1889, 9CE2038, 9CE2071, 9CE2565, 9CE2601, 9ME23, 9ME233, 9ME486, 9ME566, 9ME667, 9ME668, 9ME669, 9MEI056, 9ME1226, and 9ME1358) for Fort Benning Military Reservation, Chattahoochee and Muscogee Counties, Georgia Artifacts Collected: brick fragments, wire nails, whiteware (hand painted and undecorated), alkaline glazed stoneware, aqua container glass, brass shotgun shell head Location of Collections: Location of Field Notes: Private Collections: Fort Benning, Fort Benning, GA GA ~ Name: Cultural Periods: Twentieth century Address: CULTURAL AFFINITY Phases: Date 11/11/08 FORM PREPARATION AND Name Amy Carruth REVISION Institutional Affiliation Panamerican Consultants, Inc.

49 GEORGIA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM 1994 ~~ Off icia1 site Number:_-'-''--'...-:.._''''''''_...:''--_ Officia' State ~;t. ~I:' Cj C/3. ~51 Institutional site Number: HC-S-7 site Name: county: Chattahoochee Map Name: Cusseta, 7.5' USGS or USNOAA UTM Zone:16 UTM East: UTM North: owner: US Army Address: -=F...::t~.!...--;!B::.;e::::.n~n~i±n~gl :" site Length: 140 meters width: 90 meters Elevation: meters orientation: 1. N-S 2. E-W 3. NE-SW 4, NW-SE 5. Round 6. Unknown Rind of Investigation: 1. Survey 2. Testing 3. Excavation 4. Documentary 5. Hearsay 6. Unknown 7. Amateur standing Architecture: 1. Present 2. Absent Site Nature: 1. Plowzone 2. Subsurface 3. Both 4. Only Surface Known /J 5. Unknown 6. Underwater Midden: 1.Present 2.Absent 3.Unknown Features: 1.Present 2.Absent 3.Unknown Percent Disturbance: 1. None 2. Greater than Less than 50 4.Unknown Type of site (Mill, Mound, Quarry, Lithic Scatter, etc.): possible turpentine processing site or historic homesite Topography (Ridge, Terrace, etc.): _...:::u'.l::p'-"lo.::a~n...,d"'--'r"'_l=_ d=g=e'---=t=o~p= Current Vegetation (Woods, Pasture, etc.) : ~w~o~o~d~s~~(~p~i~n~e~s~)~ Additional Information: This site has an abundance of turpentine rendering ceramic vessel sherds. Scars on some pine tree trunks may indicate turpentine gathering, but this is not certain. Other artifacts such as whiteware, stoneware, glass and brick may indicate a house site. The site is on a SE-NW oriented ridge top overlooking the Mill Creek drainage. r;:::====:::;---;~;;:;::;;:::=;,---) _ -. SITE LIMITS FORT BENNING VICTORY FOCUS HARMONY CHURCH PLAN VIEW SITE VFHC-S7 1l o ~ (-f----: _ ~ 6. DATUM POSITI\I[ SH<M:L TEST o NEGATI\I[ SHOVEL TEST l) PUSH PK..E t -J{-, ( ~..-, CONCRm~PAO.. :... ~ 0 a , 0 i, 1., \ \ 0 \ i.. ' POSSIBLE BORROW PIT SKETCH MAP (Include sites, roads, streams, landmarks)

50 state site Number: Institutional site Number: HC-S-7 Public status: 1. National Historic Landmark 2. National Natural Landmark 3. Georgia Register 4. Georgia Historic Trust 5. HABS 6. HAER National Register standing: 1. Determined Eligible 2. Recommended Ineligible 3. Recommended Eligible 4. Nominated 5. Listed 6. Unknown 7. Removed National Register Level of Significance: 1. Local 2. State 3. National Preservation state (Select up to Two): 1. Undisturbed 2. Cultivated 3. Eroded 4. Submerged 5. Lake Flooded 6. Vandalized 7. Destroyed 8. Redeposited 9. Graded 10. Razed Preservation Prospects: 1. Safe 2. Endangered by:military use and logging 3. Unknown Georgia Archaeological Site File Report No 4 ~OS RECORD OF INVESTIGATIONS Supervisor: Erwin Roemer Affiliation:Panamerican Consultants Date: 7/1/94 Report Title: Archaeological SurveY of Selected Areas Within Ft. Benninq. Chattahoochee and Muscogee counties. Georqia: Victory Focus. Areas and 3; South Harmony Church; and Two Parcels Within Lawson Army Airfield Other Reports : Artifacts Collected: see report - whiteware (plain. stamped. annular/handpainted, yellow glazed). turpentine jar fragments. stoneware, glass (clear and green). brick _ Location of Collections:~F~t~.~B~e=n=n=l= n=g~.~g=a~. Location of Field Notes:~F~tu.~B~e~nwn~l~ n~g~.~g~a~. Private Collections: _ Name: _ Address : _ CULTURAL AFFINITY Cultural Periods: historic African/Euro-American; probably early twentieth century Phases : _ Date 5/25/94 Name Geoffrey Herbert FORM PREPARATION AND REVISION Institutional Affiliation Panamerican Consultants. Inc.

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