History of Longwood. est The Longwood Hotel. Established in 1878, Longwood is the oldest city in Seminole County.

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p History of Longwood est. 1878 P Central Florida's development began after the Second Seminole War (1837-1842).

The earliest settlers to the Longwood area arrived in the early 1870s. John Neill Searcy came from Tennessee in March of 1873, and Edward Warren Henck arrived from Boston in November of the same year.

In 1876, Henck obtained a Post Office for the community which he named Longwood after an attractive suburb of Boston. Henck was the first Postmaster, serving from 1876 to 1885.

2 p History of Longwood est P Central Florida's development began after the Second Seminole War ( ). By the early 1860s, both Sanford and Orlando were small settlements that had developed near the Seminole War forts built between 1837 and The earliest settlers to the Longwood area arrived in the early 1870s. John Neill Searcy came from Tennessee in March of 1873, and Edward Warren Henck arrived from Boston in November of the same year. Both came by steamboat up the St. Johns River to Sanford and were soon granted Longwood homesteads. A small community had begun to develop. In 1876, Henck obtained a Post Office for the community which he named Longwood after an attractive suburb of Boston. Henck was the first Postmaster, serving from 1876 to The Longwood Hotel Russian immigrant P.A. Demens came to Longwood in 1881 and bought a small sawmill which he quickly expanded. It provided lumber and related materials for much of the construction in the mid-1880's. Demens also founded the Orange Belt Railroad which was completed from Sanford to the Tampa Bay area in The terminus was named St. Petersburg by Demens, after his birthplace in Russia. continued below In 1880, Henck led a group of local businessmen in getting the first post-civil War railroad, the South Florida Railroad, constructed in Florida. It ran from Sanford to Orlando. He also initiated construction of the Longwood Hotel, which was completed in Henck was elected Longwood's first mayor in Another early settler from Boston, Frederick Rand, together with the Searcy family, founded Christ Episcopal Church. Rand's parents raised funds in Boston to assist with building of the church. Rand was also associated with Henck and the founding of the railroad. Although the railroad from Sanford to Jacksonville was not completed until the mid- 1880's, the railroad from Sanford to Orlando, completed in 1880, increased access to the area for those who arrived by steamship. Growth was rapid, and by 1886 the population was 1,000. Longwood was among the largest communities in Orange County (Seminole County was formed in 1913). The Great Freee of December 1894 and January 1895 had a devastating impact on the citrus industry and caused a major exodus from Central Florida. By the 1900 census, Longwood's population had declined to 325. During the period, the area started to grow again, and by the mid-1920's the Boom Era was at its peak. In 1923 the Town of Longwood was incorporated as a city, and the Dixie Highway was constructed near where County Road 427 is located today. With the coming of the Depression, development stopped. The City's only bank failed in 1932 and Longwood sought, unsuccessfully, to disincorporate. Toward the end of the 1930's, some growth did occur, and by the 1940's the population of the incorporated city was 406. With the growth of Central Florida during the 1970's and 1980's, Longwood developed into primarily a residential community, and by 2000, the population exceeded 13,700. Established in 1878, Longwood is the oldest city in Seminole County.

3 218 West Church Avenue Clouser Cottage c.1881 Concern for his wife's health led Josiah Clouser to leave Pennsylvania in late The Clousers came to Florida in response to an ad placed in northern newspapers by Edward W. Henck, who was seeking a master carpenter to build a hotel in Longwood. The house provided for his family was flea-infested, and after just one night's stay, Mrs. Clouser left the house and refused to return. Mr. Clouser quickly built this cottage as a temporary residence using salvage lumber. The family lived here for about three years while Clouser built a more suitable home on Warren Avenue. Subsequently, the building was used as an animal shed, storage space and a rental residence. By the mid- 1980's it had fallen into disrepair. To prevent it's demolition, Longwood residents, Fred and John Bistline, great grandsons of Clouser, purchased the cottage and renovated it for use as a retail shop. Constructed of vertical board and batten siding nailed directly to the interior paneling without structural stud framing, it is an excellent example of a simple pioneer home. 151 West Church Avenue Christ Episcopal Church c.1881 Constructed on property donated by Edward W. Henck, the church was dedicated at Easter services in The Frederick Rand and J. N. Searcy families were involved in it's leadership for many years. Rand's parents raised funds for construction and contributed the stained glass over the altar. The church underwent a major renovation in As the oldest church in continuous use in Seminole County, the simple bell tower, symmetrical plan, board and batten wood siding and lack of ornamentation typify this building as an early pioneer structure. 141 West Church Avenue Inside-Outside House c.1873 Constructed in Boston by Captain W. Pierce, a sailing ship sea captain, this is probably the oldest prefabricated house in the United States. The house was shipped by steamship to Sanford, mule-carted to Altamonte Springs and reassembled on Boston Avenue in The ground level was used as a cabinet shop while the family lived upstairs. The house derives its name from the fact that the structural wall studs are exposed on the exterior and finished out on the interior. To prevent demolition, it was moved from Altamonte Springs to Longwood in 1973 by the Central Florida Society for Historic Preservation. This unique house, with elaborate wood detailing on the porch, is open to the public during the week. 135 West Church Avenue Civic League Woman's Club c.1880 Considered by many to be the oldest existing building in Longwood, it was originally constructed as a one-room structure and used as a multi-purpose community building. Professor Lynch, a traveling teacher, taught here. The building was intially constructed on the site of the Christ Episcopal Church, a block west of it's present site, it became home to the West Longwood Pioneers and the Self Union. In 1914, the Civic League purchased the building and moved it to it's present location. The original building is behind the central porch addition. The front facing gabled roof additions were added in The central area was an open porch which was enclosed during the 1950's. In 1998 the Longwood Civic League Woman's Club gave the building to the Central Florida Society for Historic Preservation.

4 138 West Jessup Avenue Tucker House c.1920 Constructed for L. R. Tucker, this house is the most elaborate and detailed example of the Bungalow Style in Longwood. The one-story wings spreading out from the central portion of the house, the three-over-one double-hung windows, and the oversied exposed framing represent the best of this style. The low broad horiontal lines, emphasied by wide steps and piers, firmly anchor the building to the ground. Few if any changes have been made to the original house. Even the original garage remains at the rear of the house. 288 Freeman Street c.1924 Charles Entminger built this house for his recently married daughter. The Boom Period ( ) was a time of phenomenal growth in Florida. Land sales and development skyrocketed, and many people moved to the state to make their fortunes. In 1928, the residence was bought by C.C. Jackson, whose descendants still own the house. With it's low pitched roof, tapered wood columns on masonry piers and exposed rafters and beams, this is yet another example of a bungalow-style house. 110 West Magnolia Avenue c.1926 Constructed by Charles Entminger at the same time as the house at 288 Freeman Street, this structure was originally built and used as a garage apartment. The two-story portion and possibly the second floor sleeping porch are original parts of the structure. The front and side porches were probably added when the ground floor garage was converted to living space. The vertical board and batten siding on the second floor was common in the 1880's, but by the turn of the century horiontal siding was generally used. 346 Freeman Street Fitch House c.1888 This house was constructed for J. C. Fitch, an early settler of Longwood and an alderman in the mid-1880's. G. W. Hardaway, the minister of the Longwood Congregational Church, owned the house in the early 1890's. In 1920, the house was bought by Charles Entminger who owned it for many years. Additions and alterations have all but obscured the original form of the house. The two-story portion with it's decorative shingled gable end wall and central chimney represents the original structure.

5 398 Freeman Street Henck House c.1875 Constructed by Josiah Clouser for Edward Henck, this house represents one of many buildings Clouser built for Henck. Henck lived here from completion of the house until shortly after the "Great Freee". He retained ownership of the house while living in New Jersey from 1896 to Upon returning to Longwood in 1914, he lived in the house until his death in The house was inherited by Bobby Joe and Louis T. Hunt. Originally consisting of a simple rectangular plan which comprised a one-and-one-half story structure, surrounded by a one-story porch wrapping around the front and sides, this house is typical of many early homes built in the 1880's in Central Florida. The one-story wings on either side of the main structure are later additions. 101 West Palmetto Avenue McGaughey House c.1885 This house was constructed by Daniel Clouser for J. W. McGaughey, owner of Eva Shingle Company, which made cypress shingles for use in Florida until metal roofing replaced them in the 1920's. In the 1920's, J. E. Walker, President and Founder of Longwood State Bank, lived here. Upon Walker's death in 1930, the house was purchased by C. C. Jackson, whose decendants lived in the residence until the mid-1990's when it was used as offices. 107 East Church Avenue Payne Building c.1920 Constructed by Lester Payne and S. R. Long, a local carpenter, this building represents an example of early Boom Period Masonry Vernacular Style. Lester and his wife, Blanche, lived on the second floor and operated a hardware store on the ground floor for several years. Built of rusticated concrete blocks, the front facade is emphasied by a stepped parapet wall. A cantilevered second-story sleeping porch over the sidewalk was removed in East Church Avenue Old Post Office c.1910 The Paynes purchased this building in the early 1920's. Blanche Payne was the Longwood Postmistress from 1932 to 1958, and this building served as the Longwood Post Office from 1932 to It is a simple, one-story version of the same Boom Period Masonry Vernacular Style as the Payne building. Historic Longwood Contact Info City of Longwood 175 West Warren Avenue Longwood, FL Central Florida Society for Historic Preservation PO Box Longwood, FL

6 South County Road 427 Henck-Tinker Building c.1920 Constructed at the height of the real estate boom by Edward Henck and baseball hall-of-famer Joe Tinker, the Longwood State Bank, the first bank in Longwood, occupied the north end of the building. The southern side of the building was occupied by MacReynolds Drug Store, Jackson's Grocery and a barbershop. Due to the Depression, the bank went out of business in 1932; the vault still exists. The automobile became common in Central Florida during the 1920's, and Florida led the nation in promoting good roads. Connecting Longwood with other Central Florida towns, CR 427 became the primary commercial street in Longwood during the Boom Period. This building helped shift the center of town away from the railroad and Warren Avenue. The Brick Commercial Style popular during the Boom Period acknowledged the building's prime location with the bank entrance located at the corner, emphasied by the raised parapet wall and brick detailing. The south porton of the building has been covered with false brick stucco. 300 South County Road 427 Longwood Hotel c.1886 The hotel, constructed by Josiah Clouser for Edward Henck, was initially called "The Waltham" and changed in 1893 to the Longwood Hotel. Closed after the "Great Freee", it reopened in Over the years it has been known as the St. George and during the 1920's it was known as the Orange and Black Hotel, when it was operated as a "sporting establishment". In the 1950's, George Barr ran an umpire school there, and in the 1970's Cornell University used it to teach hotel operations. continued below In the mid-1980's, it was renovated for use as an office building. The hotel is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. As the City's center and it's most prominent building for over one hundred years, the Longwood Hotel is a mirror of Longwood's history. A wood frame Vernacular Style, decorative features include Italianate Style details, such as eave brackets supporting the roof overhang and pedimented window heads. 211 West Warren Avenue Clouser House c.1885 After living in a cottage at 219 W.Church Ave for three years and constructing numerous buildings for others, Josiah Clouser completed his home which exhibited his skills as a master carpenter. Owned by the Clouser family for many years before being sold, it has since been an antique store and a birthing center. An outstanding example of a wood frame Vernacular Style house, it's Chinese Chippendale porch handrail and spindle work are unusual decorative features. 241 West Warren Avenue R. S. Entminger House c.1925 The initial owner and probable builder of this house was Robert Entminger, cousin of Charles Entminger, a prominent community leader during the 1920's. A good example of a two-story bungalow, the exposed rafters supported by brackets at the roof overhang are a typical element of the Bungalow Style.

7 272 West Warren Avenue Baptist Church Parsonage c.1890 The early history of this house is uncertain. It is thought to have been constructed in West Longwood and then moved to serve as the parsonage for the Baptist Church which was located on the adjacent lot. It is known that the house was on this site by Although the lower pitched roof additions obscure it's form, the L-shaped core of this structure, capped by the higher pitched roof with its central chimney, is the original house. 216 West Warren Avenue Dunbar's Garage c & Clouser Cabinet Shop c The core of this house is thought to have been the garage constructed by the Dunbars, owners of 202 Wilma Street, during the 1920's and 1930's. A series of additions and modifications have shaped this building's appearance. The building at the rear was constructed by Josiah Clouser as his cabinet shop and originally faced West Bay Avenue at the end of the 200 block of Wilma Street. In the mid 1930's it was reoriented to face Wilma Street. During the mid 1990's it was moved to it's present location behind 216 West Warren Avenue. 211 West Bay Avenue c.1925 Originally used as a garage apartment, the two-story structure at the rear grew through a series of additions. It's simple form and plain appearance are typical of a modest Vernacular Style structure. During the Depression the need for housing was frequently met by the conversion of utility buildings into residences. This building and the Clouser Cabinet Shop are examples of the plain unadorned structures typical of the 1930's. 241 West Bay Avenue c.1920 A simple one-story Bungalow Style structure, this stucco-on-wood frame house exhibits several characteristics typical of this style. Gable roofs with wide overhangs, tapered porch columns on brick masonry piers and three-over-one double-hung windows are all elements of the Bungalow Style. Although the porch has been enclosed, the house basically remains in it's original condition.

8 242 West Bay Avenue c.1920 The history of this house is unknown. It's rectangular plan with a hipped roof, covering the house and front porch, and the central chimney are all that remain of the original house. Much of the horiontal wood siding has been covered with stucco, the original windows have been replaced and the front porch enclosed. 212 West Bay Avenue Arnett House c.1920 This house was constructed by the Arnetts, using lumber from a twostory house that had been on the lot. Lossie Arnett Cramer and her daughter, Hettie, a Longwood school teacher, lived in the house during the 1920's and 30's. This Vernacular Style house is a modest structure with Bungalow Style details, such as tapered wood columns resting on brick piers, a prominent exterior chimney and exposed roof rafters. It is typical of homes built during the 1910's and early 1920's. 204 West Bay Avenue Menick House c.1920 This house was built for Longwood Mayor J. Henry Menick who lived there during the early 1920's. Menick was a partner with Frederick Slade in the Slade-Menick Manufacturing Company, which made implement handles and novelties. Stucco, which first came into common usage in the 1920's, covers this simple Bungalow Style house. The addition to the left and the porch enclosure are modifications to the original building. 390 Wilma Street Old Longwood School c.1885 Constructed as Longwood's first school, this building was used as a school until 1924 and from 1924 to 1964 served as the Longwood City Hall and Fire House. In the mid-1970's it was renovated for use as a restaurant but was extensively damaged in 1979 by fire. In 1984 it was again renovated, this time for offices. Although modified by the addition of a Classical Style front portico and additions to the rear, the building retains much of it's original character. It bears a remarkable resemblance to the larger Longwood Hotel. Constructed at about the same time, both buildings feature a long rectangular plan broken in the center by a cross gable roof over the entrance. Italianate Style detail of the buildings is similar. Horiontal siding, pedimented window trim and decorative brackets at the roof overhang are common elements. 402 Wilma Street Waits House c.1910 Built by J. M. Waits, little is known about the history of this house. Originally, the house probably consisted of a low-pitched hipped roof covering a square plan, surrounded on at least two sides with an open porch and a separate open garage. Due to extenisve modifications, the original house is difficult to visualie today.

9 116 West Bay Avenue J. D. & N. J. Lewis House c.1886 This house, originally located at 202 Wilma Street, was constructed by two brothers, J.D. & N.J. Lewis, both of whom were attorneys. During the 1920's and 30's the house was owned and occupied by John Dunbar and his daughter, Elsie. The one-and-one-half story house with it's metal shingle roof and two-over-two double -hung windows was moved to it's present location to prevent demolition. 114 West Bay Avenue c.1920 Not all houses in the district were constructed as owner-occupied residences. This house represents a modest rental property. A rectangular plan covered with a front facing gable roof is typical of a modest residence. Usually built as worker housing, this basic building type is found throughout Florida. 133 West Bay Avenue LeRue House c.1885 This T-plan house was constructed by staircase builder and blacksmith, J.S. LeRue. The decorative barge board on the gable roof edge, elaborate porch handrail and the multi-patterned shingles on the second floor of the principal wing clearly display the builder's craftmanship. It was divided into smaller apartments and used as a boarding house for many years. In 1970, Grace and Robert Bradford undertook a major restoration with a new wing addition to the rear and replacement of the original roofing with asphalt shingles are the only substantial changes to the building. 130 West Warren Avenue Bradlee-McIntyre House c.1885 Originally built in Altamonte Springs, this house was moved to Longwood in April of The threat of demolition rallied the Central Florida Society for Historic Preservation to save this house along with the Inside-Outside House. Designed by Boston architect Nathaniel Bradlee as his winter home, it is an elaborate example of Queen Anne Style. Probably built by Joseph Lewis, an early builder in the area, with the interior stairs and other finish work done by Josiah Clouser. One of the few remaining examples of a luxurious winter cottage in Central Florida, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The asymmetrical tower, steep pitched roofs, decorative shingle patterns and elaborate porch detailing are all characteristic of Queen Anne Style. Currently the house is open to the public for tours on scheduled days as posted at the house.

10 150 West Warren Avenue Slade House c.1885 One of the early houses of Longwood, it is not known who built the residence. Frederick Slade, a partner with J. Menick in the Slade-Menick Manufacturing Company, purchased this house in the 1920's. Grace Bradford, who moved to Longwood in the 1970's, purchased, renovated and lived in this house until her death in Grace donated the lot at the rear of the house to the Central Florida Society for Historic Preservation for the Bradlee-McIntyre House. Extensively modified, the original house can be seen behind the additions to the left and front, with the higher steep pitched roof. The original entry was located in the main two-story south wall directly behind the present entry. Modern aluminum siding covers the house and later additions further obscure it's history. 152 West Warren Avenue Lewis House c.1915 Tunis Lewis, a relative of the Entmingers, was well known in Longwood and served as notary and local telephone operator. Constructed by Daniel Clouser for Tunis and his mother, this simple hipped-roof, frame Vernacular Style house has a front porch with Bungalow Style details. Although it has been enclosed with modern windows, the original configuration of the porch is clearly visible, and the basic structure remains unchanged. 172 West Warren Avenue Beesley-Milwee House c.1885 This house contained Kate Beesley's millinery shop in Purchased in 1916 by George and Hallie LaVigne, their decendants still own the house. West Warren was primarily a commercial area until the 1920's. During the Boom Period the simple rectangular one-story shop was remodeled with the addition of a second story and porch in the Classical Revival Style. 192 West Warren Avenue Niemeyer House c.1889 This house, known for many years as "Keystone", was constructed by Josiah Clouser and Frederick J. Niemeyer. Niemeyer came to Longwood in 1885 and four years later married Clouser's daughter. He served as City Councilman during the 1890's and was Postmaster of Longwood for 19 years, from 1905 to The second story porch was added in Originally open, both downstairs and upstairs porches have been enclosed.

Part 3 TYPE: BUNGALOW. 1910s 1930s

Part 3 TYPE: BUNGALOW. 1910s 1930s RESIDENTIAL TYPES & STYLES Part 3 TYPE: BUNGALOW 1910s 1930s The bungalow is a twentieth-century residential type that arrived in New Orleans in the 1910s via California and the Arts and Crafts movement.