BiophilicCities: Cities + Nature Together. Tim Beatley, UVA Urban and Environ Planning

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1 BiophilicCities: Cities + Nature Together Tim Beatley, UVA Urban and Environ Planning

2 THE AGE OF CITIES The 21st century will not be dominated by America or China, Brazil or India, but by the city. In an age that appears increasingly unmanageable, cities rather than states are becoming the islands of governance on which the future world order will be built. This new world is not --and will not be --one global village, so much as a network of different ones. --ParagKhanna, Foreign Policy, 2010

3 Cities + Nature?

4 BIOPHILIC CITIES PROJECT Biophilia: the innately emotional affiliation of human beings to other living organisms. Innate means hereditary and hence part of ultimate human nature. --E.O. Wilson

5 The Human Species Has Grown Up in Nature E.O. Wilson

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8 Biophilic Cities Network Draft Standards and Protocol for Participation Minimum Requirements for Partner City Status --Adoption of official resolution or other instrument stating intent to participate in Network; --BiophilicCities Summary Narrative (A statement of the key ways in which the city is already biophilic; A statement of goals and aspirations for the future) Biophilic Cities Indicators --Minimum 5 from 3 categories: --Natural conditions, qualities, infrastructure; Biophilicengagement, participation, activities, and knowledge; Biophilic institutions and governance). Timeframe: Initially 2 Years Designate BiophilicCities Coordinator / Contact Partner City Expectations Over the course of the year Shareat least one (1) blog post, short best practice case or videoreport; Participatein at least one (1) webinar, workshop or skype/conference call; Respond to requests for assistance from other partner cities; Host visits from delegations from other partner cities; Attendwhere/when possible yearly or semi-yearly Biophilic Cities Conf; Assist individuals / organizational members in your city; Other expectations consistent with serving as a global leader in the Biophilic Cities Movement.

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10 What the Japanese call Shinrin-yoku (shinrin = forest, yoku = bathing, basking) The Power of Nature Japanese Research on Forest Bathing : reductions in stress hormones (cortisol) and boosts to immune systems

11 Why Biophilic Cities? Nature Essential to Mental Health and Reducing Long-term Chronic Stress; Nature Creates the Conditions for Friendships and Social Contact, Which Also Make Use Healthier; Mounting Evidence Nature Helps Us To Be More Creative, More Generous, Think LongerTerm; Essential Need for Wonder in Our Lives; Biophilic Cities Are Resilient Cities.

12 BiophilicCities Are Cities that place nature at the heart of their design and planning; Cities that care about and actively protect, restore and celebrate nature, biodiversity and wildness in around them; Cities that recognize the profound power nature has to make us healthier, happier, and to help us lead more meaningful lives; Cities that seek through many means to foster deep connections to the natural world.

13 What Are BiophilicCities? Places Which Immerse Us In and Surround Us With Nature City in a Garden City in an Park City in a Forest

14 How Do BiophilicCities Judge Progress?

15 What Are the Qualities of Biophilic Cities? Networks of Interconnected Nature

16 It is As Much About Activity Patterns, Lifestyle Engagement and Participation Programs and Governance Culture of Curiosity Knowledge, Connections, Deep Caring

17 Metrics of Biophilic Cities BiophilicConditions and Infrastructure --Proximity to parks and green spaces; --Percentage of land area covered by trees or other vegetation; --Number of green design features (e.g. green rooftops, green walls, rain gardens); --Fair distribution of nature; --Extent of natural images, shapes, forms employed in architecture, and seen in the city; --Extent flora and fauna (e.g. species) within the city; BiophilicBehaviors, Patterns, Practices, Lifestyles --Average portion of the day spent outside; --Visitation rates for city parks; --Percent of trips made by walking; --Extent of membership and participation in local nature clubs and organizations; BiophilicAttitudes and Knowledge --Percent of residents who express care and concern for nature; --Percent of residents who can identify common species of flora and fauna; BiophilicInstitutions and Governance --Percent of municipal budget dedicated to biophilic programs; --Design and planning regulations that promote biophilic urbanism; --Presence of institutions that promote education and awareness of nature; --Number/extent of educational programs in local schools aimed at teaching about nature; --Nature organizations and clubs of various sorts in the city, from advocacy to social groups;

18 What is the Minimum Daily Requirement of Nature?

19 Singapore s Nature Pyramid

20 Charlottesville Sound Map Australian Raven Sounds that Re-animate Cities In re-animating, we become open to hearing sound as voice, seeing movement as action, adaptation and dialogue, coincidence and chaos as the creativity of matter. --Val Plumwood.

21 Luis Andrés Orive Vitoria-Gasteiz

22 Oslo

23 Jane Martin and Trixi

24 180 km of Park Connectors Singapore

25 Hospital in a Garden? Our definition [of a healing] is when you come in here you re blood pressure and your heart rate go down, not up. Hospital as an Ark? Just as the rest of the world is chopping down all the rain forest, we declare ourselves as the Noah s Ark of tropical rain forests. That means we consciously with every single project bring back a few species of tropical rain forest. LiakTengLit, CEO KhooTeckPuatHospital (KTPH)

26 140 Fruit Trees on the Hospital Roof!

27 PARKROYAL on Pickering A total of 15,000sqm of sky gardens, reflecting pools, waterfalls, planter terraces and green walls were designed, making up 215% of the site area or equivalent to the footprint of the adjacent Hong Lim Park. A diverse variety of plant species ranging from shade trees, tall palms, flowering plants, leafy shrubs and overhanging creepers creates a lush tropical setting. Lofty sky gardens at every fourth storeybring lush greenery directly to the rooms. Corridors, lobbies and common washrooms are designed as garden spaces, which create an alluring resort ambience with natural light and fresh air. Singapore Landscape Replacement Policy

28 From Green Belts to Blue Belts?

29 Blue Urbanism

30 BiophilicCities: Cities + Nature Together Tim Beatley, UVA Urban and Environ Planning