2007 FLORIDA BUILDING CODE UPDATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES

Transcription

1 2007 FLORIDA BUILDING CODE UPDATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Course number: BCAIB CILB Location: Boca Raton Course Length: 4 Hours Instructor: Doug Harvey Provider: BOAF # Phones and other stuff on vibrate or off 4 Hour course, breaks will be taken Need your help with breaks This is a timed session Please keep them to 15 minutes A few additions since the printouts Other announcements Certificates BCAIB and CILB AIA A Little Housekeeping BUILDING OFFICIALS ASSOCIATION OF FLORIDA 3

2 Review relevant code sections and changes: 1.Administrative requirements 2.Height and area limitations 3.Ingress, egress and path of travel issues 4.Fire protection, construction types, and wall types 5.Interior finishes and materials 6.Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing requirements for educational facilities Discuss plan requirements Discuss inspection criteria Question and Answer session COURSE OBJECTIVES 4

3 Why does Florida have specific requirements for the design and construction of educational facilities? What is special about educational facilities? 7

4 What specific challenges must be addressed in the design and construction of multiple occupancy educational facilities? What is special about educational facilities? 10 Does the Florida Building Code adequately address the educational occupancy category? What is special about educational facilities? 12

5 The purpose of the building permit process is to verify compliance with the current Florida Building Code. The permitting process includes: 1. Documenting the project, 2.Plan review prior to construction, 3.Construction inspections in progress and upon completion, 4.Authorization of use upon satisfactory completion of all required inspections and documentation (Certificate of Occupancy) BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE 13 Accountability is achieved through state licensure of: 1. Design Professionals Architects Engineers 2. Contractors 3. Building Officials 4. Plans Examiners, and 5. Inspectors BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE 14 Contractor and design professional licensure must be verified for compliance with applicable state statute and local ordinances ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 15

6 Proof of Workers Compensation and Liability insurance is required prior to issuance of a building permit Is a Notice of Commencement required? ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 16 The 2007 Florida Building Code uses the 2006 International Building Code as a foundation It is modified by Florida specific amendments The provisions of the code that are Florida specific are indicated by markings in the outermost margins adjacent to the Florida specific text 2007 FLORIDA BUILDING CODE 17 Marginal Markings (page IV) Vertical lines in the margins within the body of the code indicate a change from the requirements of the base codes to the 2007 Florida Building Code effective October 1, Sections deleted from the base code are designated Reserved FLORIDA BUILDING CODE 18

7 It should be noted that there are changes in the Florida Building Code that are not marked That is because they are changes to the base code, the 2006 IBC Section 104 references other volumes of the FBC that also contain changes, as well as standards that may contain changes ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 19 EXAMPLE ( Florida Specific Issue ) Relocation of manufactured buildings 1. Relocation of an existing manufactured building does not constitute an alteration. 2. A relocated building shall comply with wind speed requirements of the new location, using the appropriate wind speed map. If the existing building was manufactured in compliance with the Standard Building Code (prior to March 1, 2002), the wind speed map of the Standard Building Code shall be applicable. If the existing building was manufactured in compliance with the Florida Building Code (after March 1, 2002), the wind speed map of the Florida Building Code shall be applicable. 20 More changes are coming Several new laws just took effect The glitch cycle is open for another week Raise your issues as we go through Flash Update!

8 The Florida Building Code adds requirements for 19 Special Use and Occupancy categories that are not in the International Building Code In addition to other code requirements, design and construction criteria for educational facilities shall conform to section 423- State Requirements for Educational Facilities ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 22 One widely overlooked section of the administrative provisions of the FBC is a provision for the issuance of an Annual Maintenance permit An Annual Maintenance permit allows a facility that is routinely providing maintenance by the owner s qualified staff, that would require several individual permits, to do so under one annual permit Recordkeeping requirements apply ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS Annual facility permit. In lieu of an individual permit for each alteration to an existing electrical, gas, mechanical, plumbing or interior nonstructural office system(s), the building official is authorized to issue an annual permit for any occupancy to facilitate routine or emergency service, repair, refurbishing, minor renovations of service systems or manufacturing equipment installations/relocations. The building official shall be notified of major changes and shall retain the right to make inspections at the facility site as deemed necessary. An annual facility permit shall be assessed with an annual fee and shall be valid for one year from date of issuance. A separate permit shall be obtained for each facility and for each construction trade, as applicable. The permit application shall contain a general description of the parameters of work intended to be performed during the year. 24

9 Colleges, Community Colleges and Public School Districts can use local building departments for code compliance services Local building departments must provide such services at actual cost ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS If a state university, state community college or public school district elects to use a local government s code enforcement offices, fees charged by counties and municipalities for enforcement of the Florida Building Code on buildings, structures, and facilities of state universities, state colleges and public school districts shall not be more than the actual labor and administrative costs incurred for plans review and inspections to ensure compliance with the code. 26 Section 105 provides the requirements for obtaining a permit for: 1) Structures or Buildings: 2)System (Plumbing, Mechanical, Gas, Electrical and Required Impact Resistant Covering ) ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 27

10 Section 105 also provide a list if exemptions from permitting requirements for: Plumbing Mechanical Electrical And provides regulations for: Emergency repairs Minor repairs ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 28 Local permitting offices should be consulted to determine the forms, policies and procedures used to implement these requirements ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 29 Section 106 provides the requirements for construction documents including: Submittal Documents Plan Review Revisions Record Retention Affidavits ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 30

11 Section 107 provides requirements for temporary structures, including: Time Limitation of 180 days Code Conformance Temporary Power Termination of Approval ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 31 Section 108 provides requirements for fees including: Permit issuance contingent on payment of fee Schedule of fees required to be adopted Establishes penalty for starting work before permit is issued ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 32 Section 109 provides requirements for inspections, including: Inspection before permit is issued List of required inspections Prohibits covering reinforcing steel or steel frames before inspection Termite treatment documentation Threshold buildings Requires inspection request Requires approval of work ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 33

12 Information on construction documents.. Construction documents shall be of sufficient clarity to indicate the location, nature and extent of the work proposed and show in detail that it will conform to the provisions of this code and relevant laws, ordinances, rules and regulations, as determined by the building official (see also Section ). ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 34 NEW Certificate of Completion. A Certificate of Completion is proof that a structure or system is complete and for certain types of permits is released for use and may be connected to a utility system. This certificate does not grant authority to occupy a building, such as shell building, prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 35 MODIFIED Required Any owner or authorized agent who intends to construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, demolish, or change the occupancy of a building or structure, or to erect, install, enlarge, alter, repair, remove, convert or replace any required impact resistant coverings, electrical, gas, mechanical or plumbing system, the installation of which is regulated by this code, or to cause any such work to be done, shall first make application to the building official and obtain the required permit. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 36

13 NEW Required Inspections 9. Where impact resistant coverings are installed to meet requirements of this code, the building official shall schedule adequate inspections of impact resistant coverings to determine the following: The system indicated on the plans was installed. The system is installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions and the product approval. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 37 How much information is required to be submitted to satisfy the Code? All plans examiners must review the plans following the criteria established in Chapter One of the FBC (Administration) Local jurisdictions may have additional plan requirements based on their experience with prior construction projects Check with the local jurisdiction for a checklist MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS 38 SITE PLAN What s so important about the site plan? 1.Building orientation for wind exposure and energy code preparation/verification 2.Building separation 3.Site utilities 4.Accessible Parking 5.Emergency vehicle access MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS 39

14 Building Structural Plans Minimum plan review criteria for buildings. The examination of the documents by the building official shall include the following minimum criteria and documents: A floor plan site plan foundation plan floor/roof framing plan or truss layout all exterior elevations MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS 40 Commercial building plans must address the following issues per FBC : 1. Site requirements: (See list) 2. Occupancy group and special occupancy requirements shall be determined (Specified by design professional). 3. Minimum type of construction shall be determined (Specified by design professional) (see Table 503). 4. Fire-resistant construction requirements shall include the following components: (See list) 5. Fire suppression systems shall include: (See list) MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS Life safety systems shall be determined and shall include the following requirements: (See List) 7. Occupancy load/egress requirements shall include: (See list) 8. Structural requirements shall include: (See list) 9. Materials shall be (Specified by design professional) reviewed and shall at a minimum include the following: (See list) MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS 42

15 Mechanical Electrical - Plumbing Reference for minimum requirements including: Equipment Materials Calculations Locations and Layouts MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS 43 Oops! That s going to take a change order Change orders are inevitable on large complex projects Change orders need to be reviewed for code compliance before that portion of the construction / installation is scheduled for inspection, or performed! MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS 45

16 What paperwork could you need to close out the permit? Final survey- may be required to verify foundation elevation for flood certification or building separation Architect or Engineer acceptance affidavit Final termite treatment documentation Other local requirements Ask for the most current forms early MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENTS 46 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 47 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 48

17 CLARIFICATION Wood: Fire resistance treated wood (FRTW) FRTW shall not be used in permanent educational facilities. EXCEPTION: Only FRTW which does not contain ammonium phosphates, sulfates, or halides, may be used in roof structures of noncombustible Type II ancillary facilities as allowed by the Florida Building Code, but only under the following conditions: 423 SREF CHANGES 49 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 50 51

18 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 52 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 53 DELETED 423 SREF CHANGES 54

19 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 55 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES Piping Systems: Piping (fluid system) shall not be run where students can access the pipes, or in areas such as on roofs where they can be damaged by routine or periodic maintenance activities Main Supply Valve: The main supply cut-offs for flammable liquids or gases shall shut down upon activation of the fire alarm system. Refer to the Automatic Shut Off requirements of

20 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 58 MODIFIED Residential equipment. In home economics instructional spaces, faculty lounges, and similar areas where small residential-type ranges are installed for staff use or student education, residential-type hoods mechanically exhausted to the outside shall be used. Hood fire suppression systems are not required to be installed. 423 SREF CHANGES 59 NEW Chemistry Laboratories and Science Classrooms HVAC systems in chemistry labs and science classrooms shall be designed and installed to ensure that chemicals originating from the space are not recirculated. Exception: A high capacity emergency exhaust system providing twenty (20) air changes per hour may be used in chemistry laboratories and science classrooms with fume hoods. Positive ventilation may be provided via doors or windows opening to the exterior. Signs providing operational instructions shall be permanently installed at the emergency exhaust system fan switch and adjacent to the door(s) or window(s) to be opened. 423 SREF CHANGES 60

21 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES Assembly Occupancies Toilet facilities for Assembly Occupancies (i.e. Media Centers, Gymnasiums, Cafetoriums, and Auditoriums) shall not be considered as separate use during the school day and are not required to be in addition to the overall required plumbing fixture count Location: Student toilets shall be distributed throughout the facility and strategically located on each floor for convenient access and continuous supervision. The path of travel to the nearest toilet facility shall not exceed a distance of two hundred (200) feet. 62 NEW Floor Drains and Plumbing Fixtures in Equipment Rooms No floor drain or other plumbing fixture shall be installed in a room containing air handling machinery when such room is used as a plenum. When rooms are used as a plenum, equipment drains shall be conveyed through an indirect waste receptor located outside such rooms or other approved point of disposal. 423 SREF CHANGES 63

22 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 64 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 65 MODIFIED 423 SREF CHANGES 66

23 NEW 423 SREF CHANGES 67 DELETED 423 SREF CHANGES 68 BREAK Class will resume in 10 minutes 69

24 Two conditions are used to determine the maximum height and area of a building: 1.The use or occupancy of the building 2.The type of construction Allowances can be taken for construction enhancements that improve fire protection SECTION 503 GENERAL HEIGHT AND AREA LIMITATIONS Construction type. School board and community college buildings including auxiliary, ancillary and vocational facilities shall comply with the following: Noncombustible Type I, II or IV. The minimum construction type for one- and two-story public educational facilities shall be noncombustible Type I, II or IV construction or better. SECTION 423 STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Interior nonload-bearing wood studs or partitions shall not be used in permanent educational and auxiliary facilities or relocatable buildings. Exception: Historic buildings to maintain the fabric of the historic character of the building Type I Facilities three stories or more shall be Type I construction. SECTION 423 STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES 72

25 Type IV When Type IV construction is used, wood shall be exposed and not covered by ceilings or other construction Exceptions to types of construction: 1. Covered walkways open on all sides may be Type V construction. 2. Single story dugouts, press boxes, concession stands, related public toilet rooms, detached covered play areas, and nonflammable storage buildings that are detached from the main educational facility by at least 60 feet (1829 mm), may be Type V construction. SECTION 423 STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES General. The height and area for buildings of different construction types shall be governed by the intended use of the building and shall not exceed the limits in Table 503 except as modified hereafter. Each part of a building included within the exterior walls, or the exterior walls and fire walls where provided, shall be permitted to be a separate building. SECTION 503 GENERAL HEIGHT AND AREA LIMITATIONS 74 AREA, BUILDING The area included within surrounding exterior walls (or exterior walls and fire walls) exclusive of vent shafts and courts. Areas of the building not provided with surrounding walls shall be included in the building area if such areas are included within the horizontal projection of the roof or floor above. DEFINITIONS of Florida

26 GRADE PLANE. A reference plane representing the average of finished ground level adjoining the building at exterior walls. Where the finished ground level slopes away from the exterior walls, the reference plane shall be established by the lowest points within the area between the building and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building, between the building and a point 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building. DEFINITIONS 76 HEIGHT, BUILDING The vertical distance from grade plane to the average height of the highest roof surface. DEFINITIONS 77 HEIGHT, STORY The vertical distance from top to top of two successive finished floor surfaces; and, for the topmost story, from the top of the floor finish to the top of the ceiling joists or, where there is not a ceiling, to the top of the roof rafters DEFINITIONS 78

27 MEZZANINE An intermediate level or levels between the floor and ceiling of any story and in accordance with Section 505. DEFINITIONS 79 EQUIPMENT PLATFORM An unoccupied, elevated platform used exclusively for mechanical systems or industrial process equipment, including the associated elevated walkways, stairs and ladders necessary to access the platform (see Section 505.5). DEFINITIONS Buildings on same lot Two or more buildings on the same lot shall be regulated as separate buildings or shall be considered as portions of one building if the height of each building and the aggregate area of buildings are within the limitations of Table 503 as modified by Sections 504 and 506. The provisions of this code applicable to the aggregate building shall be applicable to each building. HEIGHT & AREA LIMITATIONS 81

28 Type I construction Buildings of Type I construction permitted to be of unlimited tabular heights and areas are not subject to the special requirements that allow unlimited area buildings in Section 507 or unlimited height in Sections and or increased height and areas for other types of construction. HEIGHT & AREA LIMITATIONS Basements A basement of a building shall not count as a story when applying Table 503 for allowable building height Group A and E basements Group A and E basements used as classrooms or assembly rooms shall be counted as a story. HEIGHT & AREA LIMITATIONS 83 TABLE 503 ALLOWABLE HEIGHT AND BUILDING AREAS Height limitations shown as stories and feet above grade plane. Area limitations as determined by the definition of Area, building, per story 84

29 TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION TYPE I TYPE II TYPE III TYPE IV TYPE V A B A B A B HT A B HGT(feet ) HGT(S) GROUP A-1 S A A-2 S A A-3 S A A-4 S A A-5 S A , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION TYPE I TYPE II TYPE III TYPE TYPE V IV A B A B A B HT A B HGT (feet) GROUP HGT(S) B S A 37,500 23,000 28,500 19,000 36,000 18,000 9,000 E/D S A ,500 14, , , , , ,500 S-1 S A ,000 26,000 17, , , , , ,000 S-2 b, c S A ,000 39,000 26, , , , , ,500 U c S A ,500 19, , , , , , , For SI: 1 foot = mm, 1 square foot = m2. = Unlimited, NP = Not permitted. a. See the following sections for general exceptions to Table 503: 1. Section 504.2, Allowable height increase due to automatic sprinkler system installation. 2. Section 506.2, Allowable area increase due to street frontage. 3. Section 506.3, Allowable area increase due to automatic sprinkler system installation. 4. Section 507, Unlimited area buildings. b. For open parking structures, see Section c. For private garages, see Section d. See Section for limitations. Table 503 Footnotes 87

30 Application of Chapter 5 Table 503 establishes the maximum height and area of a building for each construction type listed by occupancy Design decisions are often based on the limitations of the table The allowable area and height generally increases as the construction type gets more fire resistant Buildings of non-combustible wall, floor and roof elements (Type IA) are allowed to be of unlimited height and area HEIGHT & AREA LIMITATIONS 88 However, a building of Type I construction that is allowed to be built of a less fire resistant type like Type V, only needs to meet the requirements of the lesser construction type. Example: 3,000 sq ft freestanding convenience store Allowed to be Type V Designed to be constructed as Type I Should be designated by the design professional as a Type V building Application of Chapter Automatic sprinkler system increase Where a building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section , the value specified in Table 503 for maximum height is increased by 20 feet (6096 mm) and the maximum number of stories is increased by one. These increases are permitted in addition to the area increase in accordance with Sections and HEIGHT INCREASE 90

31 506.1 General. The areas limited by Table 503 shall be permitted to be increased due to frontage (If) and automatic sprinkler system protection (Is) in accordance with the following: Aa = { A t + [At x If ] + [A t x I s] } (Equation 5-1) where: Aa = Allowable area per story (square feet). At = Tabular area per story in accordance with Table 503 (square feet). If = Area increase factor due to frontage as calculated in accordance with Section Is = Area increase factor due to sprinkler protection as calculated in accordance with Section SECTION 506 AREA MODIFICATIONS Frontage increase Every building shall adjoin or have access to a public way to receive an area increase for frontage. Where a building has more than 25 percent of its perimeter on a public way or open space having a minimum width of 20 feet (6096 mm), the frontage increase shall be determined in accordance with the following: AREA INCREASE 92 I f = [ F / P ] W/ 30 (Equation 5-2) where: I f = Area increase due to frontage. F = Building perimeter that fronts on a public way or open space having 20 feet (6096 mm) open minimum width(feet). P = Perimeter of entire building (feet). W = Width of public way or open space (feet) in accordance with Section AREA INCREASE 93

32 Width limits W must be at least 20 feet (6096 mm). Where the value of W varies along the perimeter of the building, the calculation performed in accordance with Equation 5-2 shall be based on the weighted average of each portion of exterior wall and open space where the value of W is greater than or equal to 20 feet (6096 mm). Where W exceeds 30 feet (9144 mm), a value of 30 feet (9144 mm) shall be used in calculating the weighted average, regardless of the actual width of the open space. AREA INCREASE 94 Exception: The quantity of W divided by 30 shall be permitted to be a maximum of 2 when the building meets all requirements of Section 507 except for compliance with the 60-foot ( mm)public way or yard requirement, as applicable Width limits Open space limits Such open space shall be either on the same lot or dedicated for public use and shall be accessed from a street or approved fire lane. AREA INCREASE 96

33 506.3 Automatic sprinkler system increase Where a building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section , the area limitation in Table 503 is permitted to be increased by an additional 200 percent (Is = 2) for buildings with more than one story above grade plane and an additional 300 percent (Is = 3) for buildings with no more than one story above grade plane. These increases are permitted in addition to the height and story increases in accordance with Section AREA INCREASE 97 Exception: The area limitation increases shall not be permitted for the following conditions: 1. The automatic sprinkler system increase shall not apply to buildings with an occupancy in Use Group H The automatic sprinkler system increase shall not apply to the floor area of an occupancy in Use Group H-2 or H-3. For mixed-use buildings containing such occupancies, the allowable area shall be calculated in accordance with Section , with the sprinkler increase applicable only to the portions of the building not classified as Use Group H-2 or H Fire-resistance rating substitution in accordance with Table 601, Note h. INCREASE LIMITATION Area determination The maximum area of a building with more than one story above grade plane shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area of the first story (Aa), as determined in Section 506.1, by the number of stories above grade plane as listed below: MTI-STORY AREA DETERMINATION 99

34 1. For buildings with two stories above grade plane, multiply by 2; 2. For buildings with three or more stories above grade plane, multiply by 3; and 3. No story shall exceed the allowable area per story (Aa), as determined in Section 506.1, for the occupancies on that story. MTI-STORY AREA DETERMINATION Mixed occupancies In buildings with mixed occupancies, the allowable area per story (Aa) shall be based on the most restrictive provisions for each occupancy when the mixed occupancies are treated according to Section When the occupancies are treated according to Section as separated occupancies, the maximum total building area shall be such that the sum of the ratios for each such area on all floors as calculated according to Section shall not exceed 2 for two-story buildings and 3 for buildings three stories or higher. MTI-STORY AREA DETERMINATION Group E buildings The area of a one-story Group E building of Type II, IIIA or IV construction shall not be limited when the following criteria are met: 1. Each classroom shall have not less than two means of egress, with one of the means of egress being a direct exit to the outside of the building complying with Section 1018 or the building is provided with smoke barriers having a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating dividing the building into areas not to exceed 30,000 square feet (2787 m2) in floor area. SECTION 507 UNLIMITED AREA BUILDINGS 102

35 2. The building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section The building is surrounded and adjoined by public ways or yards not less than 60 feet ( mm) in width. UNLIMITED AREA BUILDINGS Separation Incidental use areas shall be separated or protected, or both, in accordance with Table Construction Where Table requires a fire-resistance-rated separation, the incidental use area shall be separated from the remainder of the building by a fire barrier constructed in accordance with Section 706 or a horizontal assembly constructed in accordance with Section 711, or both. Where Table permits an automatic fire-extinguishing system without a fire barrier, the incidental use area shall be separated from the remainder of the building by construction capable of resisting the passage of smoke. HEIGHT & AREA LIMITATIONS INCIDENTAL USE AREAS 104 The partitions shall extend from the floor to the underside of the fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling assembly or fire-resistance-rated roof/ceiling assembly above or to the underside of the floor or roof sheathing, or sub deck above. Doors shall be self- or automatic closing upon detection of smoke in accordance with Section Doors shall not have air transfer openings and shall not be undercut in excess of the clearance permitted in accordance with NFPA 80. HEIGHT & AREA LIMITATIONS 105

36 508.3 Mixed occupancies Each portion of a building shall be individually classified in accordance with Section Where a building contains more than one occupancy group, the building or portion thereof shall comply with Sections , , or a combination of these sections. MIXED OCCUPANCIES Accessory occupancies Accessory occupancies are those occupancies subsidiary to the main occupancy of the building or portion thereof. Aggregate accessory occupancies shall not occupy more than 10 percent of the area of the story in which they are located and shall not exceed the tabular values in Table 503, without height and area increases in accordance with Sections 504 and 506 for such accessory occupancies. MIXED OCCUPANCIES ACCESSORY Non-separated occupancies Buildings or portions of buildings that comply with the provisions of this section shall qualify as non-separated occupancies Occupancy classification Non-separated occupancies shall be individually classified in accordance with Section Code requirements shall apply to each portion of the building based on the occupancy classification of that space except that the most restrictive applicable provisions of Section 403 and Chapter 9 shall apply to the entire building or portion thereof. MIXED OCCUPANCIES NON-SEPERATED 108

37 Allowable area and height The allowable area and height of the building or portion thereof shall be based on the most restrictive allowances for the occupancy groups under consideration for the type of construction of the building in accordance with Section Separation No separation is required between occupancies. MIXED OCCUPANCIES NON-SEPERATED Separated occupancies Buildings or portions of buildings that comply with the provisions of this section shall qualify as separated occupancies Occupancy classification Separated occupancies shall be individually classified in accordance with Section Each fire area shall comply with this code based on the occupancy classification of that portion of the building. MIXED OCCUPANCIES SEPERATED 110 Exceptions: 1. Accessory assembly areas having a floor area less than 750 square feet (69.7 m2) are not considered separate occupancies. 2. Assembly areas that are accessory to Group E occupancies are not considered separate occupancies except when applying the assembly occupancy requirements of Chapter Accessory religious educational rooms and religious auditoriums with occupant loads of less than 100 are not considered separate occupancies. MIXED OCCUPANCIES SEPERATED 111

38 Exceptions: 1. Unlimited area buildings in accordance with Section The maximum area of a building equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area per story (Aa), as determined in Section 506.1, by the number of stories above grade plane. MIXED OCCUPANCIES SEPERATED 112 Design consideration must be given to the proximity of buildings to prevent or reduce the spread of fire from building to building BUILDING SEPERATION 113 FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE = x (feet) x < 5c TABLE 602 FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING REQUIREMENTS FOR EXTERIOR WALLS BASED ON FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE a, e TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION I-A, I-B, III-A, III-B, IV Others GROUP H GROUP F-1, M, S BUILDING SEPERATION 3 2 GROUP A, B, E, F- 2, I, R, S-2, Ub 5 x <10 I-A, I-B, III-A, III-B, IV Others 10 x < 20 I-A, I-B, III-A, III-B, IV IIB, VB Others 20 x < 30 I-A, I-B, III-A, III-B, IV Others d 0d x 30 All

39 TABLE 602 FOOTNOTES For SI: 1 foot = mm. a. Load-bearing exterior walls shall also comply with the fire-resistance rating requirements of Table 601. b. For special requirements for Group U occupancies see Section c. See Section for party walls. d. Open parking garages complying with Section 406 shall not be required to have a fire-resistance rating. e. The fire-resistance rating of an exterior wall is determined based upon the fire separation distance of the exterior wall and the story in which the wall is located. BUILDING SEPERATION 115 Limits of Various Construction Types HEIGHT & AREA LIMITATIONS 116 MEANS OF EGRESS A continuous and unobstructed path of vertical and horizontal egress travel from any occupied portion of a building or structure to a public way. A means of egress consists of three separate and distinct parts: 1.exit access 2.exit 3.exit discharge INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHES OF TRAVEL 117

40 EXIT ACCESS That portion of a means of egress system that leads from any occupied portion of a building or structure to an exit. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHES OF TRAVEL 118 EXIT That portion of a means of egress system which is separated from other interior spaces of a building or structure by fire-resistancerated construction, and opening protective s as required, to provide a protected path of egress travel between the exit access and the exit discharge. Exits include exterior exit doors at ground level, exit enclosures, exit passageways, exterior exit stairs, exterior exit ramps and horizontal exits. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHES OF TRAVEL 119 EXIT DISCHARGE That portion of a means of egress system between the termination of an exit and a public way. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHES OF TRAVEL 120

41 423.7 Life safety Separate exits In assembly occupancies, each required exit must exit into a separate atmosphere or to the exterior, to be considered as a separate exit Exit access Exit access shall not be through a toilet room, storage room, or similar space, or any space subject to being locked. SECTION 423 STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Applicability The general requirements specified in Sections 1003 through 1013 shall apply to all three elements of the means of egress system, in addition to those specific requirements for the exit access, the exit and the exit discharge detailed elsewhere in this chapter. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 122 Design considerations for means of egress systems: Ceiling height Protruding objects Free-standing objects Horizontal projections Clear width Floor surface Elevation change Accessibility INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 123

42 Means of egress continuity The path of egress travel along a means of egress shall not be interrupted by any building element other than a means of egress component as specified in this chapter. Obstructions shall not be placed in the required width of a means of egress except projections permitted by this chapter. The required capacity of a means of egress system shall not be diminished along the path of egress travel. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL Elevators, escalators and moving walks Elevators, escalators and moving walks shall not be used as a component of a required means of egress from any other part of the building. Exception: Elevators used as an accessible means of egress in accordance with Section INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 125 ACCESSIBILITY Accessible buildings: new construction (1) At least one accessible route complying with Section shall connect accessible building or facility entrances with all accessible spaces and elements within the building or facility. (2) All objects that overhang or protrude into circulation paths shall comply with Section (3) Ground and floor surfaces along accessible routes and in accessible rooms and spaces shall comply with Section INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 126

43 ACCESSIBILITY (4) Interior and exterior stairs connecting levels that are not connected by an elevator, ramp, or other accessible means of vertical access shall comply with Section (5)One passenger elevator complying with Section shall serve each level, including mezzanines, in all multistory buildings and facilities unless exempted below. If more than one elevator is provided, each full passenger elevator shall comply with Section INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 127 ACCESSIBILITY (5) Continued Vertical accessibility shall be provided to all levels above and below the occupiable grade level, regardless of whether the code requires an elevator to be installed in such building, structure or facility, except for: (1) elevator pits, elevator penthouses, mechanical rooms, piping or equipment catwalks, and automobile lubrication and maintenance pits and platforms; INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 128 ACCESSIBILITY (5) Continued (2) un-occupiable spaces, such as rooms, enclosed spaces, and storage spaces that are not designed for human occupancy, for public accommodations, or for work areas; (3) occupiable spaces and rooms that are not open to the public and that house no more than five persons including, but not limited to, equipment control rooms and projection booths. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 129

44 ACCESSIBILITY (7)Doors (a) At each accessible entrance to a building or facility, at least one door shall comply with Section (b)within a building or facility, at least one door at each accessible space shall comply with Section (c) Each door that is an element of an accessible route shall comply with Section (d) Each door required by Section , Egress, shall comply with Section INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 130 ACCESSIBILITY (8) In new construction, at a minimum, the requirements in Section (8)(a) and Section (8)(b) below shall be satisfied independently: (a)(i) At least 50 percent of all public entrances [excluding those in Section (8)(b) below] must be accessible. At least one must be a ground-floor entrance. Public entrances are any entrances that are not loading or service entrances. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 131 ACCESSIBILITY (9) In buildings or facilities, or portions of buildings or facilities, required to be accessible, accessible means of egress shall be provided in the same number as required for exits by local building/life safety regulations. Where a required exit from an occupiable level above or below a level of accessible exit discharge is not accessible, an area of rescue assistance shall be provided on each such level (in a number equal to that of inaccessible required exits). INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHES OF TRAVEL 132

45 ACCESSIBILITY Areas of rescue assistance shall comply with Section A horizontal exit, meeting the requirements of local building/life safety regulations, shall satisfy the requirement for an area of rescue assistance. Exception: Areas of rescue assistance are not required in buildings or facilities having a supervised automatic sprinkler system. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 133 Design considerations for compliance with accessibility requirements: Accessible Route Protruding Objects Ground and Floor Surfaces Ramps Stairs Doors Entrances MEANS OF EGRESS SYSTEMS 134 Secondary Paths INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 135

46 Handrails Where required Handrails for stairways and ramps shall be adequate in strength and attachment in accordance with Section Handrails required for stairways by Section shall comply with Sections through Handrails required for ramps by Section shall comply with Sections through INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL Height Handrail height, measured above stair tread nosings, or finish surface of ramp slope shall be uniform, not less than 34 inches (864 mm) and not more than 38 inches (965mm). Exception: Handrails for stairs not required to be accessible that form part of a guardrail may be 42 inches (1067 mm) high. INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL Handrail graspability Handrails with a circular across-section shall have an outside diameter of at least 1.25 inches (51 mm) and not greater than 2 inches (51 mm) or shall provide equivalent graspability. If the handrail is not circular, it shall have a perimeter dimension of at least 4 inches (102 mm) and not greater than 6.25 inches (160 mm) with a maximum across-section dimension of 2.25 inches (57 mm). Edges shall have a minimum radius of 0.01 inch (0.25 mm). Exception: Accessible handrails shall meet the requirements of Section INGRESS, EGRESS & PATHS OF TRAVEL 138

47 Exterior stairs, balconies, ramps, and upper level corridors around the perimeter of buildings should have opentype handrails or other architectural features to allow surveillance. SECTION 423 STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Exceptions to types of construction: 1. Covered walkways open on all sides may be Type V construction. SECTION 423 STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES 140 BREAK Class will resume in 10 minutes 141

48 Chapters 3 through 10 of the Florida Building Code are primarily dealing with how to build structures that will perform predictably in the event of a fire. There are three major concerns being addressed: 1.Safety of the occupants- giving them the time and a means of getting out of the structure 2.Integrity of the building and adjacent buildingsslowing the spread of fire until a response is initiated 3.Protection of first responders- preventing structural collapse FIRE PROTECTION 142 Height and area restrictions, egress and travel paths have addressed some elements of life safety. Now lets look at various levels of Fire Protection FIRE PROTECTION 143 The FBC uses the word alarm, as it relates to fire, in several contexts. Sometimes it is used to indicate a detection device; either smoke, heat or water flow Sometimes it is used to indicate the initiation of a response; either human or automatic FIRE PROTECTION 144

49 902.1 Definitions [F] ALARM SIGNAL A signal indicating an emergency requiring immediate action, such as a signal indicative of fire. [F] FIRE ALARM SIGNAL A signal initiated by a fire alarm-initiating device such as a manual fire alarm box, automatic fire detector, water flow switch, or other device whose activation is indicative of the presence of a fire or fire signature. FIRE PROTECTION 145 [F] DETECTOR, HEAT A fire detector that senses heat produced by burning substances. Heat is the energy produced by combustion that causes substances to rise in temperature. [F] SMOKE ALARM A single- or multiple-station alarm responsive to smoke and not connected to a system. [F] SMOKE DETECTOR A listed device that senses visible or invisible particles of combustion. FIRE PROTECTION 146 [F] AUDIBLE ALARM NOTIFICATION APPLIANCE A notification appliance that alerts by the sense of hearing. [F] VISIBLE ALARM NOTIFICATION APPLIANCE A notification appliance that alerts by the sense of sight. FIRE PROTECTION 147

50 SECTION 903 AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS [F] Group A An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout buildings and portions thereof used as Group A occupancies as provided in this section. For Group A-1, A-2, A-3 and A-4 occupancies, the automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout the floor area where the Group A-1, A-2, A-3 or A-4 occupancy is located, and in all floors between the Group A occupancy and the level of exit discharge. For Group A-5 occupancies, the automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in the spaces indicated in Section FIRE PROTECTION 148 [F] Group A-1 An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-1 occupancies where one of the following conditions exists: 1. The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1115m2). 2. The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more. 3. The fire area is located on a floor other than the level of exit discharge. 4. The fire area contains a multi-theater complex. FIRE PROTECTION 149 [F] Group A-2 An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-2 occupancies where one of the following conditions exists: 1. The fire area exceeds 5,000 square feet (464.5m2). 2. The fire area has an occupant load of 100 or more. 3. The fire area is located on a floor other than the level of exit discharge. 4. Nightclubs or similar usage when occupant load is 100 or more. FIRE PROTECTION 150

51 [F] Group A-3 An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-3 occupancies where one of the following conditions exists: 1. The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1115m2). 2. The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more. 3. The fire area is located on a floor other than the level of exit discharge. FIRE PROTECTION 151 Exceptions: 1. Areas used exclusively as participant sports areas where the main floor area is located at the same level as the level of exit discharge of the main entrance and exit. 2. Assembly occupancies used primarily for worship with fixed seating and not part of a mixed occupancy. FIRE PROTECTION 152 F] Group A-4 An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-4 occupancies where one of the following conditions exists: 1. The fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1115m2). 2. The fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more. 3. The fire area is located on a floor other than the level of exit discharge. Exception: Areas used exclusively as participant sports areas where the main floor area is located at the same level as the level of exit discharge of the main entrance and exit. FIRE PROTECTION 153

52 [F] Group A-5 An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-5 occupancies in the following areas: concession stands, retail areas, press boxes and other accessory use areas in excess of 1,000 square feet (93 m2). FIRE PROTECTION 154 [F] Group E An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group E occupancies as follows: 1. Throughout all Group E fire areas greater than 20,000 square feet (1858 m2) in area. 2. Throughout every portion of educational buildings below the level of exit discharge. FIRE PROTECTION 155 Exception: An automatic sprinkler system is not required in existing educational buildings unless 50 percent of the aggregate area of the building is being remodeled. FIRE PROTECTION 156

53 [F] Installation requirements Automatic sprinkler systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Sections through FIRE PROTECTION Fully sprinklered buildings In fully sprinklered buildings, fire alarm detection devices are not required except where specified in the Florida Fire Prevention Code. SECTION 423 STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES 158 SECTION 907 FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEMS [F] Construction documents Construction documents for fire alarm systems shall be submitted for review and approval prior to system installation. Construction documents shall include, but not be limited to, all of the following: FIRE PROTECTION 159

54 [F] Construction documents (Continued) 1. A floor plan which indicates the use of all rooms. 2. Locations of alarm-initiating and notification appliances. 3. Alarm control and trouble signaling equipment. 4. Annunciation. 5. Power connection. 6. Battery calculations. FIRE PROTECTION 160 [F] Construction documents. (Continued) 7. Conductor type and sizes. 8. Voltage drop calculations. 9. Manufacturers, model numbers and listing information for equipment, devices and materials. 10. Details of ceiling height and construction. 11. The interface of fire safety control functions FIRE PROTECTION 161 [F]907.2 Where required An approved manual, automatic or manual and automatic fire alarm system installed in accordance with the provisions of this code and NFPA72 shall be provided in new buildings and structures in accordance with Sections through and provide occupant notification in accordance with Section 907.9, unless other requirements are provided by another section of this code. Where automatic sprinkler protection installed in accordance with Section or is provided and connected to the building fire alarm system, automatic heat detection required by this section shall not be required. FIRE PROTECTION 162

55 The automatic fire detectors shall be smoke detectors. Where ambient conditions prohibit installation of automatic smoke detection, other automatic fire detection shall be allowed. FIRE PROTECTION 163 [F] Group A. A manual fire alarm system shall be installed in Group A occupancies having an occupant load of 300 or more. Portions of Group E occupancies occupied for assembly purposes shall be provided with a fire alarm system as required for the Group E occupancy. Exception: Manual fire alarm boxes are not required where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system and the alarm notification appliances will activate upon sprinkler water flow. FIRE PROTECTION 164 [F] System initiation in Group A occupancies with an occupant load of 1,000 or more. Activation of the fire alarm in Group A occupancies with an occupant load of 1,000 or more shall initiate a signal using an emergency voice/alarm communications system in accordance with NFPA 72. FIRE PROTECTION 165

56 Exception: Where approved, the prerecorded announcement is allowed to be manually deactivated for a period of time, not to exceed 3 minutes, for the sole purpose of allowing a live voice announcement from an approved, constantly attended location. FIRE PROTECTION 166 [F] Emergency power. Emergency voice/alarm communications systems shall be provided with an approved emergency power source. FIRE PROTECTION 167 [F] Group E. A manual fire alarm system shall be installed in Group E occupancies. When automatic sprinkler systems or smoke detectors are installed, such systems or detectors shall be connected to the building fire alarm system. FIRE PROTECTION 168

57 Exceptions: 1. Group E occupancies with an occupant load of less than Manual fire alarm boxes are not required in Group E occupancies where all the following apply: 2.1. Interior corridors are protected by smoke detectors with alarm verification Auditoriums, cafeterias, gymnasiums and the like are protected by heat detectors or other approved detection devices. FIRE PROTECTION Shops and laboratories involving dusts or vapors are protected by heat detectors or other approved detection devices Off-premises monitoring is provided The capability to activate the evacuation signal from a central point is provided In buildings where normally occupied spaces are provided with a two-way communication system between such spaces and a constantly attended receiving station from where a general evacuation alarm can be sounded, except in locations specifically designated by the fire code official. FIRE PROTECTION Manual fire alarm boxes shall not be required in Group E occupancies where the building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system, the notification appliances will activate on sprinkler water flow and manual activation is provided from a normally occupied location. FIRE PROTECTION 171

58 Other Alarm and Life Safety Devices may include: Panic hardware Rescue and escape windows Emergency exit only alarm FIRE PROTECTION 172 Chapter Scope The provisions of this chapter shall control the classification of buildings as to type of construction. SECTION 602 CONSTRUCTION CLASSIFICATION General Buildings and structures erected or to be erected, altered or extended in height or area shall be classified in one of the five construction types defined in Sections through The building elements shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that specified in Table 601 and exterior walls shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that specified in Table 602. CONSTRUCTION TYPES Types I and II Type I and II construction are those types of construction in which the building elements listed in Table 601 are of noncombustible materials, except as permitted in Section 603 and elsewhere in this code. CONSTRUCTION TYPES 174

59 Type I Type IB/IIA Type IIB

60 Type IIB

61 602.3 Type III Type III construction is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of any material permitted by this code. Fireretardant-treated wood framing complying with Section shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies of a 2-hour rating or less. CONSTRUCTION TYPES Type IV Type IV construction (Heavy Timber, HT) is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of solid or laminated wood without concealed spaces. The details of Type IV construction shall comply with the provisions of this section. Fire-retardant-treated wood framing complying with Section shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies with a 2-hour rating or less. CONSTRUCTION TYPES Type IV (Continued) Minimum solid sawn nominal dimensions are required for structures built using Type IV construction (HT). For gluedlaminated members the equivalent net finished width and depths corresponding to the minimum nominal width and depths of solid sawn lumber are required as specified in Table CONSTRUCTION TYPES 183

62 602.5 Type V. Type V construction is that type of construction in which the structural elements, exterior walls and interior walls are of any materials permitted by this code. CONSTRUCTION TYPES Allowable materials Combustible materials shall be permitted in buildings of Type I or Type II construction in the following applications and in accordance with Sections through : 1. through 22. list the combustible materials permitted in various elements, interior and exterior, of Type I & II buildings. References to the applicable standards or requirements are given. CONSTRUCTION TYPES 185 Chapter 7 provides direction for the construction of fire resistant building elements, both exterior and interior Scope The provisions of this chapter shall govern the materials and assemblies used for structural fire resistance and fire-resistancerated construction separation of adjacent spaces to safeguard against the spread of fire and smoke within a building and the spread of fire to or from buildings. CONSTRUCTION TYPES 186

63 Chapter 8 provides direction for the installation of interior finish materials to limit the development of smoke and the spread of flame Scope Provisions of this chapter shall govern the use of materials used as interior finishes, trim and decorative materials (Floors, Walls & Ceilings) INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS Allowable materials Combustible materials shall be permitted in buildings of Type I or Type II construction in the following applications and in accordance with Sections through : 1. through 22. list the combustible materials permitted in various elements of Type I & II buildings with references to the applicable standards or requirements INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS 188 Exceptions: 1. Materials having a thickness less than inch (0.9 mm) applied directly to the surface of walls or ceilings. 2. Exposed portions of structural members complying with the requirements for buildings of Type IV construction in Section shall not be subject to interior finish requirements. INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS 189

64 Framing members INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS 190 While gypsum wallboard it not a popular finish material in educational facilities because of durability issues, type X gypsum wallboard is the most economical and commonly used material to construct rated fire assemblies in locations that are not accessible to student abuse Refer to tables 720.1(1),(2), & (3) and GA for prescriptive assemblies INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS 191 Masonry interior non-load bearing walls are commonly used in educational facilities for both durability and separation or compartmentalization purposes INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS 192

65 Interior finishes Floors Floors in instructional spaces shall be covered with resilient material or carpet. Floors in gymnasium locker rooms, showers, drying areas, toilet rooms, kitchens, sculleries, food storage areas and can wash areas shall be impervious. INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS Walls Walls in toilet rooms shall be impervious to a height of at least 4 feet (1219 mm) above the floor. Walls in kitchens, sculleries, can wash areas, shower rooms shall be impervious to a height of at least 6 feet (1829 mm) above the floor. Toilet and shower partitions shall be impervious Ceilings Ceilings in group toilet rooms, kitchens, sculleries, can wash areas, showers and locker rooms shall be impervious. INTERIOR FINISHES & MATERIALS 194

66 BREAK Class will resume in 10 minutes 197 DESIGN CONSIDERATION SUMMARY Mechanical Gas and fluid piping Prohibited in interior corridors and stairways Piping systems Prohibited in reach of children and potential damage from routine maintenance activities Main supply valve Shutdown upon sprinkler activation MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS 198

67 Air plenums Prohibits corridors as air plenums Space above ceiling grid allowed when one hour rated Residential equipment Allows residential range and hood in home economic classrooms and faculty lounges without suppression systems Toilet rooms Requires continuous ventilation during building occupancy MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS Chemistry laboratories and science classrooms Prohibits circulation of chemicals Ventilation air make-up for HVAC systems Allows compensation for determination of outdoor air flow when peak duration of occupancy is less than three hours MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS 201

68 DESIGN CONSIDERATION SUMMARY Plumbing Standards Defers fixture count to FBC, state statute, and federal requirements Exception for day care, Pre K 3 rd grade classrooms, and ESE classrooms Prohibits unisex restrooms in assembly occupancies Assembly occupancies Excludes assembly areas such as media centers, gymnasiums, cafetoriums, and auditoriums when calculating overall fixture count MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS Location Requires distribution of toilet facilities throughout building and on every story for convenient access and continuous supervision Limits path of travel to 200 feet Teacher toilets Requires separate teacher facilities except in community colleges Public shelter Refers to Urinals Prohibits trough urinals in any location MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS 204

69 Floor drains and hose bibbs Required in all toilet rooms Shielding device Requires shielding of entrances to toilet rooms Dictates outward door swing Hot water Requires mixing valve not to exceed 110 degrees when hot water is provided for showers and lavatories MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS Delayed closing valves Required on toilets Shower facilities Requires energy saving concepts for hot water Requires slip resistant floor and individual drains Kitchens Requires toilet and hand wash facilities Specifies toilet room features and proximity to kitchen Requires floor drains in all food service areas MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS 206

70 Dousing shower and eye wash Required where ever potentially hazardous chemicals or materials are handled Floor drains and plumbing fixtures in equipment rooms Floor drains and plumbing fixtures prohibited MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS 209

71 DESIGN CONSIDERATION SUMMARY Electrical Emergency lighting Specifies where required Electrical rooms and closets Restricts access by students or teachers Spare capacity 20% breakers and 10% capacity for all main panels and switchboards MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS 213

72 Emergency shutoff switches Required in laboratories where electrical outlets are located at student workstations Emergency disconnect Required when electrically powered machinery is accessible to students (some exemptions) Sauna and steam rooms Requires panic switch MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS Lightning References standards and mandates protection when specified by standards Ground fault interrupter (GFI) receptacles Adds special needs classrooms, entry vestibules and mechanical, boiler and electrical rooms to NFPA 70 location requirements MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING REQUIREMENTS 216