FIRES IN BUILDING & CONSTRUCTIONS

Transcription

1 FIRES IN BUILDING & CONSTRUCTIONS By: ZEESHAN BARI

2 AIM OF THE PRESENTATION inform how FIRE spreads in p onstructions and Buildings.

3 OBJECTIVES After this Presentation you should be able to: Understand dbehavior of Building Structures and Materials in Fires. Fire properties of common BuildingMaterials and Structural Elements. Understand Behavior of Common Building Contents in Fire. Explain the need of FEP. Explain the fundamental requirements for formation of a Fire Safety Committee. Use of appropriate Signage & PPE the

4 RESPONSIBILITY & SCOPE It is the responsibility of the main contractor t to take adequate ire safety measures during the construction. The main contractor must develop and regularly update a onstruction fire safety plan. The main contractor should provide pro-active monitoring on ubcontractor for measures compliance. It shows strong commitment of main contractor towards ELATH and SAFETY of his Subcontractors. It helps main contractor to avoid any legal inconvenience.

5 What is FIRE mean? Find Isolate Report Escape

6 ire Accidents in UAE

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10 Fire in Dubai skyscraper kills 2, injures dozens DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP) A fire in a Dubai high rise apartment building on Thursday triggered nightmarish images reminiscent of Sept. 11, with a construction worker falling to his death and dozens of workers trapped above blaze trying to scale the building's exterior.

11 Fire At Construction Site A fire engulfed a high rise h i building under construction ti

12 Two apartments destroyed in Tourist Club Area fire in Abu Dhabi fire that took fire-fighters about three hours to douse, cording to Captain Tariq Al Obaidli of Abu Dhabi civil

13 FIRE at Awafi Trading building The fire broke out in building between 3:30 pm and 4 pm, according to e eyewitnesses. Eyewitnesses said the fire erupted from the shop and flames and thick

14 Three Main Causes of Fire arelessness gnorance Accident

15 FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT FLOWCHART

16 Behavior of Building Structures and Materials in Fires. e Selectionofbuildingof materialsdepends upon specific use and should consider the following: Combustibility (how readily it will burn). Structural Strength (when subject to heat). Products of Combustion (harmful or otherwise).

17 Fire properties of common Building Materials and Structural Elements. Steel Frames. Reinforced concrete. Timber.

18 When exposed to FIRE Steel Frames.. Rapidly lose their designed shape and strength. Expand and Push the columns out causing the floor slabs lb to collapse. Can also spread the heat by conduction causing the fire to spread.

19 The fire resistance of Reinforced Concrete Frames depends on: The type of aggregate used (lightweight aggregate can minimise spalling, i.e. Pieces breaking off). The thickness of the concrete over the reinforcing rods. ll th fi it i d ll i t ll enerally the fire resistance is good, collapse is not usually sudden and many structures have been reinstated after severe fires

20 Timber burns, but in a predictable manner. The fire resistance of Timber depends on: Thethickness or cross sectionalsectional area of the piece. The tightness of any joints involved. The type of wood (denser timber has better resistance). Any treatment received plywood or chipboard sheets may require flame retardant treatment.

21 Behavior of Common Building Contents in Fire. Contents are: Paper. Plastics. Fbi Fabrics and Furnishings. Paper: Paper generally scorch, char and then ignite in a fire. Plastics: Expanded cellular plastics (typically urethane foam) are used as WALL & CEILINGlinings and if these linings are unprotected, they can present a serious FIRE Hazard. Fabrics and Furnishings: Fabrics&furnishings are commonly g present in buildings in the form of seating, curtains, etc

22 FIRE CONSTITUENTS IN THE PREMISES Ignition Source Fuel Oxygen Electrical/Gas Building Natural Ventilation installation Components/Timber and Cloth in furnishings Electrical Building Natural Ventilation appliances components/some papers but minimal Careless disposal of smoking materials Stored Materials Natural Ventilation

23 FEP requirement: i t avoid panic evacuate safelyand and orderly tackle incipient fires with first aid fire fighting fighting equipment provide good information and assistance to fire fighting crews effect timely protection of machineries and property

24 Passive Fire Protection assive Fire Protection is normally built into the structure at he design stage and include : Partition Walls Stairways Fire Doors Compartment Floors

25 Fixed Extinguishing Systems These are systems installed in areas which have been assessed to have a fire break out and include: Sprinkler Systems Hose Reels & Fire Hydrants

26 Rescue In Fire Emergency Basic Essentials: Self Discipline Moral Courage Training Team Spirit

27 MEANS of ESCAPE Travel distance. Stairs. Passageways and Doors. Corridors. Fire doors Emergency Lightning. e g see next slide Eit Exit and Directional Signs.

28 DIRECTIONAL STROBE LIGHTS IN CASE OF FIRE EMERGENCY FOLLOW YELLOW LIGHTS GOING TO CONTROL ROOM FOLLOW RED LIGHTS GOING TO INCIDENT LOCATION Directional Strobe Lights placement on the route to incident and Security Command Center to guide the Local Authorities

29 STROBE LIGHT PLACEMENT

30 USE APPROPRIATE SIGNAGES

31 USE APPROPRIATE PPE

32 CONCLUSION Fire accident awareness form an organization front line of defense against fire. Working with the coordinator responsible for fire safety, they carry out a variety of tasks to ensure that premises and their occupants are safefrom from fire indesignprocess.

33 loss is a national loss. Fire safety on, accidents gone.