ENVIROTHON 2016 CURRENT TOPICS: INVASIVE SPECIES. Rose Hiskes The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station January 16, Goodwin College

Transcription

1 ENVIROTHON 2016 CURRENT TOPICS: INVASIVE SPECIES Rose Hiskes The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station January 16, Goodwin College

2 INVASIVE SPECIES An invasive species is defined as a species : (1) that is non native (or alien) to the ecosystem under consideration and (2) whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health. (According to the Presidential Executive Order February 1999)

3 NATIVE SPECIES An NATIVE species is defined as a species : (1) Something that has always been there or (2) Something that has been in United States prior to arrival of Europeans

4 Prevention, Detection, Outreach of INVASIVE INSECTS Knowledge of possibles needed first in order to prevent, detect and then do outreach.

5 INVASIVE INSECTS Get to know insects, then native insects DEEP, USDA websites Invasives.org CT Entomological Society

6 Native Insects Ground nesting native bee Twelve spotted Lady Beetle Green Lacewing

7 Eastern Black Swallowtail

8 Monarch Butterfly

9 Damselfly

10 CRITICAL THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT AN INSECT WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE How big does it get? How many wings does it have? How many legs? How many eyes and what type of eyes? WHAT IS IT S LIFE CYCLE Metamorphosis WHAT ARE IT S HOSTS As an adult plants, animals, humans? As a larva WHAT IS IT S BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIORS

11 Native wingless wasp Compound eyes Chewing mouthparts Antennae

12 PREVENTION of INVASIVE INSECTS USDA APHIS PPQ 1% Regulate, inspect trade Actual product Packaging Ship ballast Questions to ask Coming from similar latitude? Host compatibilities?

13 PREVENTION of INVASIVE INSECTS Regulate, inspect travelers San Juan, Puerto Rico Intentional vs. Unintentional

14 PREVENTION very hard to accomplish

15 DETECTION of Invasive Insects EDRR Early Detection Rapid Response

16 Two Examples Asian Longhorned Beetle Unintentional introduction, In solid wood packing as larvae NYC, Toronto, Worcester, Chicago Boston, Cincinnati Detected in Worcester, MA by adults falling out of trees during a July picnic Hosts: maple, birch, elm, willow, horsechestnut USDA Outreach Program Forest Pest EDRR in Boston, next to Arnold Arboretum

17 Emerald Ash Borer Unintentional introduction as larvae in wood packaging In 25 States, including CT Detected initially in CT by a native ground dwelling wasp that feeds beetles to her larvae Hosts: a picky eater, only Ash, Fraxinus

18 Detection Monitoring for insects Traps sticky, pheromone, black light Tapping branches onto white paper Sweep Net Lindgren funnels, baits Visual holes, frass, bug itself CAPS program Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey. Funded by USDA, administered by station to survey for potential invasive pests of the state s crops. Emerald ash borer sticky trap

19 Pheromone trap Sticky trap 20x hands lens used to monitor for small insects such as aphids, spider mites and scales.

20 OUTREACH WHO do you reach out to? WHAT do you outreach with? HOW do you do the outreach?

21 WHO: Targeted Audience ALB and EAB are tree pests so reach out to: tree commissions, garden clubs, conservation commissions, arborists, foresters, landscapers Spotted Lantern Fly came in as egg masses on the wood pallets of marble shipments so target: stone importers, orchards, vineyards near importers because the insect feeds on fruit trees GENERAL PUBLIC? Trees are of interest to many people so ALB and EAB outreach has been done at the Big E fair in Springfield, MA as well as at Rocky Neck State Park on a beautiful summer day when many people were present.

22 One on one outreach at a Farmer s Market Outreach to students in a Vo Ag Class

23 WHAT: literature, reusable bag

24 WHAT: cootie catchers, table top display

25 WHAT: actual insects in display box

26 WHAT: Activity Booklets

27 HOW: The Five Senses Print media bill boards, wallet cards Broadcast media Social media Training sessions Hands on make a cootie catcher put a pencil in and ALB exit hole Taste and smell NO

28 Hands On with ALB