VEGETABLES HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL

Transcription

1 VEGETABLES HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL Alton N. Sparks, Jr., Extension Entomologist NOTE: Insecticide registrations can change rapidly and can vary with the specific product or formulation of the product used (i.e. not all products containing malathion are labeled for use on the same crops; not all formulations of Sevin have the same use patterns). Always carefully read and follow the label instructions for the specific product being applied. If using transplants, make sure plants are free of pests before purchasing. VEGETABLE INSECT COMMON NAME TRADE NAME All crops Multiple pests pyrethrins pyrethrins + PBO Asparagus Soil pests Neem oil 7% AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS RTU Provides rapid knock down and suppression of most pests directly contacted. Short residual activity. 2 Tbsp Best when used preventively. or RTU sulfur + pyrethrins RTU Not registered for all vegetables. See label for registered crops. bifenthrin.11% granular 1 lb/ sq ft Apply prior to planting and work into top 4-6 of soil. (May also be applied to bifenthrin-labeled crops with PHI same as foliar applications). Slugs and Snails sulfur See label Do not contact plants with material. Fire Ants Leafminers asparagus beetle, cutworms iron phosphate See label Do not contact plants with material. Esteem Ant Bait is registered for use in many vegetable crops (see label). Spinosad products may be used as a mound drench in crops where foliar applications are allowed (see label). Other ant baits may be used around the garden, which for small gardens is frequently adequate. No general-use insecticides provide control of leafminer larvae inside leaves. Spinosad products may provide some suppression on registered crops. Leafminer problems are frequently caused by overuse of insecticides. Hand-pick mined leaves. Sevin 2.%.2 1 spinosad.% 2 oz 6 Post-harvest treatment only. Beans, Peas aphids acetamiprid.% 7 bifenthrin.3% 3 1 bean beetles (Mexican bean beetle, bean leaf beetle), caterpillars (corn earworm), cowpea curculio, stink bugs gamma-cyhalothrin.8% imidacloprid.23% 3 Tbsp 7 Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions. No residual activity. malathion % 2 tsp Beans 1 Peas 3 Use and registration varies with specific bifenthrin.3% 3 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% Fresh 3 Dry 21 spinosad.% 2 oz Green 3 Dry 28 Not for stink bugs or caterpillars. 3 Tbsp 7 For caterpillar pests only. Will also suppress thrips and leafminers. NOTE: For cowpea curculio make 3 applications at -day intervals starting when pods are ½-inch long. Insecticide resistance has resulted in poor control of this pest with all registered insecticides. UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 141

2 HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL VEGETABLE Beans, Peas (continued) INSECT COMMON NAME TRADE NAME AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) spider mites malathion % 1 Tbsp Beans 1 Peas 3 REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS Marginal control of this pest. Use and registration varies with specific sulfur 9% 2 Tbsp Do not use if temperature is above 9 F. Do not use within 3 weeks of oil spray. insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. NOTE: Bifenthrin applied at high rates may provide suppression of mites. whitefly acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. Thorough coverage is essential. pyrethrins + PBO RTU Short residual activity. Beets flea beetles Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower aphids, whiteflies 7 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence malathion % 1 Tbsp 7 Use and registration varies with specific acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. Thorough coverage is essential. aphid bifenthrin.3% 7 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp 1 lambda-cyhalothrin.% 1 Tbsp 1 caterpillars on foliage, cutworms malathion % 1.-2 tsp Cabbage 7 Others 3 2.%.2 Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel, Thuricide and other formulations 1 1 oz Follow label directions Not for cutworms. Treat as soon as damage is found; repeat as needed. Susceptible larvae will stop feeding soon after eating treated foliage but may not die for several days. bifenthrin.3% 7 3 Also available as a ready-to-use product cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp 1 lambda-cyhalothrin.% 1 Tbsp 1 2.%.2 1 oz 1 Not registered for cutworms. spinosad.% 2 oz 1 Not registered for cutworms. 142 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

3 VEGETABLE Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower (continued) INSECT flea beetles, stink bugs, harlequin bug COMMON NAME TRADE NAME HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS bifenthrin.3% 7 3 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp gamma-cyhalothrin.8% lambda-cyhalothrin.% 2.%.2 3 Tbsp 1 1 Tbsp 1 1 oz 1 Cantaloupe, Cucumber, Pumpkin, Squash, Watermelon. Apply sprays late in the day to reduce kill of pollinating insects. aphid acetamiprid.% bifenthrin.3% 3 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence malathion % 2 tsp Pumpkin 3 Others 1 Use and registration varies with specific Do not apply unless leaves are dry..2 insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. cucumber beetle adults, squash bug, pickleworm, melonworm, rindworms bifenthrin.3% 3 3 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp.2 spinosad.% 2 oz Cucumber 1 Others 3 For caterpillar control only. NOTE: Crops planted after mid-june can be heavily attacked by pickleworm and melonworm. Begin treatments at first bloom and repeat weekly as needed. Squash vine borer bifenthrin.3% 3 Direct sprays at base of plants. Spider mites insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. malathion % 1 Tbsp Pumpkin 3 Others 1 Use and registration varies with specific Marginal control of this pest. Do not apply unless leaves are dry. NOTE: Bifenthrin applied at high rates may provide suppression of mites. whitefly acetamiprid.% imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. pyrethrins + PBO RTU Short residual activity. UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 143

4 VEGETABLE INSECT COMMON NAME TRADE NAME HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS Collards aphids, whiteflies acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. aphid malathion % 2 tsp 7 Use and registration varies with specific caterpillars on foliage Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel, Thuricide, other formulations Follow label directions Treat as soon as damage is found and repeat as needed. Susceptible larvae will stop feeding soon after eating treated foliage but may not die for several days. s 14 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp spinosad.% 2 oz 1 flea beetles, harlequin bug, stink bugs s 14 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp Corn, Sweet corn earworm, fall armyworm, European corn borer flea beetle, cucumber beetle, stink bug bifenthrin.3% 3 2 Not for stink bug control. cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp gamma-cyhalothrin.8% lambda-cyhalothrin.% 3 Tbsp 21 1 Tbs 21 2.%.2 1 spinosad.% 2 oz 1 For control of caterpillar pests only. NOTE: For caterpillar pests of ears, if damage free ears are desired, begin treatment when silks appear. Repeat at 2-day intervals with sprays directed at ears. Daily applications may be required in the fall and damage may still occur. 144 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

5 HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL VEGETABLE INSECT COMMON NAME TRADE NAME AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS Eggplant aphid acetamiprid.% 7 Caterpillars on foliage Colorado potato beetle flea beetle bifenthrin.3% 7 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence malathion % 2 tsp 3 Use and registration varies with specific insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. bifenthrin.3% 7 3 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp 7 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp 2.%.2 3 oz spinosad.% 2 oz 1 Not for use against flea beetles. lacebug bifenthrin.3% gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp spider mite insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. malathion % 1 Tbsp 3 Use and registration varies with specific Marginal control of this pest. whitefly acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions. 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions. No residual activity. pyrethrins + PBO RTU Short residual activity. Lettuce, Spinach aphids, whiteflies acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions. 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. aphid bifenthrin.3% 7 For use on head lettuce only. gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp 1 For use on lettuce only. lambda-cyhalothrin.% 1 Tbsp 1 For use on lettuce only. malathion % 2 tsp Lettuce 14 Spinach 7 Use and registration varies with specific UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 14

6 HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL VEGETABLE Lettuce, Spinach (continued) INSECT caterpillars on foliage, flea beetles, harlequin bug, and stink bug COMMON NAME TRADE NAME Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel, Thuricide, Other Formulations AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS Follow label directions For control of caterpillar pests only. Treat as soon as damage is found and repeat as needed. Susceptible larvae will stop feeding soon after eating treated foliage but may not die for several days. Mustard greens aphids, whiteflies bifenthrin.3% 7 For use on head lettuce only. 14 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp 1 For use on lettuce only. cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp lambda-cyhalothrin.% 1 Tbsp 1 For use on lettuce only. 2.%.2 2 oz spinosad.% 2 oz 1 For control of caterpillar pests only. acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions. 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions. No residual activity. 1 aphid malathion % 2 tsp 7 Use and registration varies with specific caterpillars on foliage Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel, Thuricide, Other Formulations Follow label directions. Treat as soon as damage is found and repeat as needed. Susceptible larvae will stop feeding soon after eating treated foliage but may not die for several days. flea beetles 14 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp spinosad.% 2 oz 1 14 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp Okra aphids, whiteflies imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. aphid malathion % 2 tsp 1 Use and registration varies with specific caterpillar pests 3 spinosad.% 2 oz UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

7 HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL VEGETABLE INSECT COMMON NAME TRADE NAME AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS Onions thrips acetamiprid.% 7 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp 14 lambda-cyhalothrin.% 1 Tbsp 14 malathion % 1 Tbsp 3 Use and registration varies with specific Peppers aphids, whiteflies acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. aphid bifenthrin.3% 7 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp malathion % 2 tsp 3 Use and registration varies with specific caterpillar pests, flea beetle bifenthrin.3% 7 3 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp 7 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp 2.%.2 2 oz spinosad.% 2 oz 1 For control of caterpillar pests only. 3 spider mites insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. malathion % 1 Tbsp 3 Use and registration varies with specific Marginal control of this pest. NOTE: Bifenthrin applied at high rates may provide suppression of mites. Potatoes, Irish aphid acetamiprid.% 7 malathion % 2 tsp 2.%.2 14 insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 147

8 VEGETABLE Potatoes, Irish (continued) Potatoes, sweet INSECT Colorado potato beetle, flea beetles, potato tuberworm Flea beetles, cucumber beetles Caterpillars on foliage COMMON NAME TRADE NAME HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS 7 Not for control of potato tuberworm. cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp 2.%.2 spinosad.% 2 oz 7 NOTE: For potato tuberworm, treat when foliage or tuber damage is noticed. Store tubers promptly after digging to avoid tuberworm infestation in storage. 7 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp malathion % 1 Tbsp 3 Use and registration varies with specific Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel, Thuricide, Other Formulations 14 Follow label directions Treat as soon as damage is found and repeat as needed. Susceptible larvae will stop feeding soon after eating treated foliage but may not die for several days. 7 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp spinosad.% 2 oz 7 sweet potato weevil 7 Also labeled as a pre-plant dip (follow label). Also available as a ready-to-use cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp Radishes aphids, whiteflies imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. aphid malathion % 2 tsp 7 flea beetle 7 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp Tomato aphid acetamiprid.% 7 bifenthrin.3% 1 gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence lambda-cyhalothrin 1 Tbsp.% malathion % 2 tsp 1 PHI varies with specific insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. 148 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

9 VEGETABLE Tomato (continued) INSECT flea beetles, Colorado potato beetle, fruitworm, hornworm, tomato pinworm COMMON NAME TRADE NAME HOME VEGETABLE INSECT CONTROL AMOUNT OF FORMULATION PER GALLON OF SPRAY PHI (DAYS) REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS bifenthrin.3% 1 3 Primarily for control of beetles. cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp lambda-cyhalothrin.% 1 Tbsp 2.%.2 Not registered for cutworms. spinosad.% 2 oz 1 Not registered for flea beetles or cutworms. spider mites sulfur 9% 2 Tbsp Do not use if temperature is above 9 degrees Fahrenheit. Do not use within 3 weeks of oil spray. insecticidal soap Follow label directions. No residual activity stink bug, leaffooted bug bifenthrin.3% 1 Weekly treatments may be needed for late season control. cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp gamma-cyhalothrin.8% 3 Tbsp lambda-cyhalothrin.% 1 Tbsp whitefly acetamiprid.% 7 imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions No residual activity. pyrethrins + PBO RTU Short residual activity. Turnips aphids, whiteflies imidacloprid.23% Follow label directions 21 Apply at or shortly after plant emergence insecticidal soap Follow label directions. No residual activity. aphid malathion % 2 tsp. 7 Use and registration varies with specific products. caterpillars on foliage Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel, Thuricide, Other Formulations Follow label directions Treat as soon as damage is found and repeat as needed. Susceptible larvae will stop feeding soon after eating treated foliage but may not die for several days. Tops 14 Roots 7 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp spinosad.% 2 oz 1 flea beetles, harlequin bug. Tops 14 Root 7 cyfluthrin.7% 1 Tbsp UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 149

10 HOME VEGETABLE DISEASE CONTROL Elizabeth Little, Extension Plant Pathologist **Please note: This is a list of commonly used products available at local retail locations and is not all inclusive. Remember to ALWAYS read the label carefully and follow ALL directions, restrictions, and precautions listed in the manufacturer s label! Obtain an accurate diagnosis of the problem before using any pesticide. Use good growing practices to prevent disease and reduce the need for pesticide applications. Fungicides are preventative and have limited effectiveness on active infections. Use pesticides based on past history of disease problems. COMMODITY DISEASE ASPARAGUS Cercospora Leaf spot ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME PHI (Days) METHOD, SCHEDULE REMARKS 18 Apply only after harvest period. Crown Rot and Root Rot (Phytophthora) Rust phosphorous acid Agrifos Sulfur (spray or dust) 7 See label. The best management for root and crown rot is to plant in a well-drained improved soil. Begin application during early bloom stage if history of problem. 18 See label. Apply after harvest period. BEANS (Lima and Snap) Anthracnose 7 See label. Bacterial Blight Root Rot and Seedling Disease (Rhizoctonia) Bonide Spray, or Liquid PCNB Terraclor 7%WP Disease is activated during continual wet weather. Begin applying when first symptoms appear. Apply only at planting time Apply as directed at planting time. Rust sulfur Begin during early bloom or when disease first threatens. White Mold (Sclerotinia) PCNB Terraclor 7%WP Apply only at planting. BEETS Downy Mildew, Leaf Spots, and Blights sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Spray, or Liquid Begin when disease appears and repeat every 7-1 days. BROCCOLI, BRUSSELS SPROUTS, CABBAGE Wire Stem PCNB Terraclor 7WP Apply 1/2 pint of solution around each plant at transplanting. Alternaria Leaf Spot & Downy Mildew Bonide Spray, or Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Apply to square feet of garden area. Apply after transplant, emergence of seeded crop, or when conditions favor disease development. 1 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

11 HOME VEGETABLE DISEASE CONTROL COMMODITY DISEASE CABBAGE Alternaria Leaf Spot Club Root ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME PHI (Days) METHOD, SCHEDULE REMARKS PCNB Terraclor 7%WP + hydrated lime See label. Broadcast and disc lime into soil -3 days before planting. Damping-Off (plant bed) Downy Mildew PCNB Terraclor 7%WP phosphorous acid Agri-fos Bonide Spray, or Liquid Sterilize seedbed soil. Drench seedbed after planting. If plants are purchased, be sure they are disease-free. Apply every 14 days. None CANTALOUPE Alternaria Leafspot, Anthracnose, Gummy Stem Blight Downy mildew Powdery Mildew CARROT Alternaria Blight Cercospora Leaf Blight sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid Fungicide Bonide Sulfate phosphorous acid Agri-fos Bonide Spray or Dust sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid Fungicide Bonide Spray or Dust Bonide Spray, or Liquid Bonide Spray, or Liquid Daconil These diseases may become a problem in some wet years. Apply every 7-14 days as needed. Disease can often be avoided in the home garden with good growing practices. up to day of harvest See label. up to day of harvest 7 Apply every 7-14 days as needed based on past problems. Some varieties have resistance. Until day of harvest See label. UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 11

12 HOME VEGETABLE DISEASE CONTROL COMMODITY DISEASE COLLARDS Alternaria Leafspot & Downy Mildew ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME PHI (Days) METHOD, SCHEDULE REMARKS Bonide Spray, or Liquid CORN (SWEET) Leaf Blights and Rust CUCUMBER Anthracnose Alternaria Leafspot Corynespora Leafspot Downy Mildew Gummy Stem Blight Powdery Mildew sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Spray or Dust sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid Fungicide l Bonide Liquid Fungicide sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid phosphorous acid Agri-fos Bonide Mancozeb Fungicide sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid Fungicide Daconil 7 May not be needed most years. Apply every 7-1 days as needed during wet periods. Apply every 7-1 days as needed during wet periods. Until day of harvest Wet weather disease. Until day of harvest Downy mildew arrives in Georgia in later June or July. Mainly a problem in wet years. Apply when disease threatens and every 7-1 days as needed. Until day of harvest Use western-grown seed. Apply fungicides when true leaves fully expand. Continue every 7-14 days as needed. Apply every 7-1 days as needed. Until day of harvest 12 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

13 HOME VEGETABLE DISEASE CONTROL COMMODITY DISEASE EGGPLANT Damping-Off (plant bed) ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME PHI (Days) METHOD, SCHEDULE REMARKS captan Captan WP Begin when all seeds have germinated and repeat at 1- day intervals. Phomopsis, Alternaria, Anthracnose, Fruit Rots & Leaf Blights sulfur Sulfur products Bonide Spray, or Liquid Apply at first sign of disease. GARLIC (See ONION) IRISH POTATO Black Scurf and Stem Canker (Rhizoctonia) PCNB Terraclor 1 G PCNB Terraclor 7 WP Apply according to label directions. Early Blight and Late Blight Bonide Spray, or Liquid See label. KALE Powdery Mildew sulfur Spray when disease threatens; continue at 7-1 day intervals. Alternaria Leafspot Downy Mildew Bonide Spray or Dust Bonide Liquid Fungicide 14 LETTUCE Downy Mildew Bonide Spray or Dust Bonide Liquid Fungicide Fungicide OKRA Pod blight No foliar fungicides available Blight is associated with wet conditions provide good air circulation. ONION (DRY) Purple Blotch, Bacterial Leaf Blight, Botrytis Leaf Blight, and Downy Mildew ONION (GREEN AND GREEN BUNCHING) GARLIC, LEEK, SHALLOT, ONION GROWN FOR SEED) Botrytis Leaf Blight, Downy Mildew, Neck Rot, and Purple Blotch Bonide Spray, or Liquid 14 See label. Most onions are grown during the winter and spring when disease pressure is low. Onions in the home garden should not need fungicide applications. Until day of harvest 7 PEAS (ENGLISH) Powdery Mildew sulfur Sulfur (spray or dust) Start application at first sign of disease and repeat every 7-1 days. Do not apply when temperature is above 9ºF or when plants are wet. UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 13

14 HOME VEGETABLE DISEASE CONTROL COMMODITY DISEASE PEPPER Cercospora, Anthracnose, Phytophthora blight, Fruit Rots, and Bacterial Spot ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME PHI (Days) METHOD, SCHEDULE REMARKS sulfur Bonide Spray, or Liquid Blossom End Rot Southern Blight (Sclerotium) calcium CAB PCNB Terraclor 7WP Blossom end rot can be caused by a combination of fluctuating soil moisture, and low ph and calcium. Maintaining optimal soil conditions and mulching to conserve water is the best long term solution. Use 1/2 pint per plant when transplanting. Rotate with corn or other grasses. Deep plow to cover debris. PUMPKIN Downy Mildew See label sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Phosphorous acid Agri-fos Bonide Liquid Spray Downy mildew arrives in Georgia in later June or July. Mainly a problem in wet years. Apply when disease threatens and every 7-1 days as needed. Anthracnose, Gummy Stem Blight, Alternaria leafspot Powdery Mildew sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid Fungicide Apply every 7-1 days as needed See label. Apply every 7-1 days as needed. Do not apply when temperature exceeds 9 F. Until day of harvest Viruses No chemical control available. Use reflective mulches, plant resistant varieties, plant earlier in season, watch for insect vectors (such as aphids). SPINACH Anthracnose & Cercospora Leafspot Downy Mildew & White Rust sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 sulfate Sulfate Bonide Spray, or Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Begin at first sign of disease and repeat every 7 days. See label. 14 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

15 HOME VEGETABLE DISEASE CONTROL COMMODITY DISEASE SQUASH Anthracnose, Downy Mildew, Cercospora ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME PHI (Days) METHOD, SCHEDULE REMARKS sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Downy mildew arrives in Georgia in later June or July. These are mainly disease problems in wet years. Apply when disease threatens and every 7-1 days as needed. Powdery Mildew Bonide Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid Fungicide Until day of harvest Viruses No chemical control available. Plant earlier in the season to avoid high insect populations. Row covers provide early-season protection. Select resistant varieties. TOMATO Anthracnose, Early Blight, Gray Leaf Spot, Late Blight, and Septoria Leaf Spot Bacterial Speck (Pseudomonas) and Leaf Spot (Xanthomonas) Botrytis (Gray Mold) Bonide Spray, or Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Spray, or Liquid See label. Late blight is a rare problem in Georgia. Early blight (Alternaria) and Septoria leaf spot diseases can defoliate susceptible cultivars in a wet year. Start treatment when first spots appear on lower foliage and continue treating during wet and humid periods. Use cultivars with resistance. May cause some defoliation in a wet year. See label TURNIPS Cercospora, Cercosporella, Anthracnose, and Powdery Mildew Bonide Spray, or Liquid sulfur Sulfur Do not make more than 3 applications per growing season. TURNIPS, MUSTARD & COLLARDS Alternaria Leafspot and Downy Mildew Bonide Spray, or Liquid Sulfur Powdery Mildew Wettable Sulfur 9% Begin at first sign of disease. Apply every 7-1 days. UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 1

16 HOME VEGETABLE DISEASE CONTROL COMMODITY DISEASE WATERMELON Anthracnose, Gummy Stem Blight ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME PHI (Days) METHOD, SCHEDULE REMARKS sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 See label. Apply every 7-1 days as needed Bacterial Fruit Blotch Downy Mildew Bonide Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 Bonide Liquid sulfate Dupont Kocide 3 phosphorous acid Agri-fos Bonide Liquid Studies have shown that applying the half-rate of materials weekly is as effective as applying the full rate on a 14-day schedule. Downy mildew arrives in Georgia in later June or July. Mainly a problem in wet years. Apply when disease threatens and every 7-1 days as needed. Fusarium Wilt No chemical control. Plant resistant varieties. Long rotations should be used (do not plant more than once every years). Powdery Mildew Bonide Liquid Fungicide Always check label for proper rates. 16 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition

17 WEED CONTROL IN HOME VEGETABLE GARDENS Jenna C. Vance, Extension Weed Science A. Stanley Culpepper, Extension Weed Scientist APPLICATION/ TIMING HERBICIDE CROPS REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS Pre-plant or Pre-emergence Pre-plant incorporated, preemergence, or postemergence glyphosate Roundup, many others See label for specific product used. Make certain to use labeled products containing glyphosate as the only active ingredient! trifluralin Weed Preventer, others See label for specific product used. Beans, Garden Beets, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Carrot, Cauliflower, Celery, Collards, Garlic, Kale, Lettuce, Mustard Greens, Okra, Onion, Peas, Potato (Irish and sweet), Spinach, Tomato, and Turnip. See label for use on additional crops. Cantaloupe, Cucumber, Eggplant, Gourds, Melons (all), Muskmelon, Peppers, Pumpkin, Squash (summer, winter), Tomato, and Watermelon All vegetables listed above From Seed: Black eyed peas, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Carrots, Cauliflower, Celery, Collard, Field Peas, Green Peas, Kale, Lentils, Lima Beans, Mustard Greens, Okra, Snap Beans, Southern Pea, Radish, and Turnip Greens Before Transplanting: Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Celery, Eggplant, Pepper and Tomato Post Emergence Directed: Cantaloupe, Cucumber and Watermelon Controls most annual weeds and suppresses or controls many perennial weeds. Apply at least 3 days prior to transplanting vegetables and irrigate after application but before planting. Most weeds can be controlled by applying a.7-2% glyphosate-solution using a hand-held sprayer and spraying until wet; see label for exact rates for specific weed problems and application methods. For nutsedge and bermudagrass, sequential applications at 1.-2% glyphosate solution will likely be necessary. Allow at least 3 days after application before planting these crops and irrigate after application but before planting. If growing vegetables on plastic or in high plant residues, care must be taken to remove the glyphosate from the plastic or plant residue prior to transplanting. Glyphosate can be removed by a single. application of water by irrigation or rainfall. Information is valid for products containing glyphosate as the only active ingredient. DOES NOT CONTROL EMERGED WEEDS. From Seed: For residual control of annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. Apply to prepared soil and incorporate 2 inches deep before planting. Be careful with use rate especially on broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, turnip greens, mustard greens, collard and kale. Before Transplanting: For residual control of annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. Apply to prepared soil and incorporate 2 deep before planting. Post-emergence Directed: Provides residual control of annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. Apply after plants have developed at least 3-4 leaves. Apply between plants, taking care to limit spray drift on plants. If possible, cultivate into the soil 2 inches deep after application or apply irrigation for activation. Do not apply within 3 days of harvest, except for watermelon, which has a 6-day pre-harvest interval. DCPA Dacthal W-7 Dacthal 6 F After planting: Potato At seeding: Mustard Greens, and Turnip At seeding or transplanting: Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Collards, Kale, Garlic, Onions, and Sweet Potato When plants have 4- true leaves: Seeded melons: Cantaloupe, Honeydew, and Watermelon 4-6 weeks after transplanting or direct seeding plants at 4-6 inches tall: Tomato and Eggplant After planting but before emergence: Use care not to damage seed pieces when cultivating into the soil after application nor to allow treated soil to contact emerged plant foliage. DOES NOT CONTROL EMERGED WEEDS. Apply uniformly to soil as a spray at time of planting for residual control of grasses and small seeded broadleaf weeds. Apply uniformly to the soil as a spray for residual control of grasses and small seeded broadleaf weeds. Can be sprayed directly over transplants without injury. Apply only when plants have 4- true leaves, are well established, and growing conditions are favorable. Will not control emerged weeds. Can be applied over top of transplants for residual control of annual grasses and small seeded broadleaf weeds. UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition 17

18 WEED CONTROL IN HOME VEGETABLE GARDENS APPLICATION/ TIMING HERBICIDE CROPS REMARKS AND PRECAUTIONS Post-emergence pendimethalin Prowl 3.3 EC Prowl H2 3.8 AS sethoxydim Poast 1.3 EC bentazon Basagran 4 SL Onions (Dry bulb only) Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, Carrots, Cantaloupe, Cauliflower, Celery, Collard, Cucumber, Eggplant, Garlic, Green Pea, Kale, Leek, Lettuce (head and leaf), Lima Bean, Mustard, Okra, Onion, Pepper, Potato (Irish and sweet), Pumpkin, Spinach, Squash, Snap Bean, Southern Pea, Tomato, and Watermelon English Pea, Green Pea, Kidney Bean, Lima Bean, Navy Bean, Pinto Bean, Snap Bean, and Southern Pea Pendimethalin will not control emerged weeds but will provide residual control for sensitive species. Seedbed or direct seeded: Apply when onions have 2-9 true leaves but prior to weed emergence. Transplants: Apply to onions after soil has settled (watered) around transplants and no cracks are present. If no rainfall occurs within 2 days after application, irrigate as needed. Prowl 3.3 EC: pt, Prowl H2: 1.-2 pt. Use lower rates for applications to very young onions. Does not control broadleaf weeds or sedges. Apply postemergence over-the-top for control of emerged annual and perennial grasses at 1 pt/a or approximately.7 Tbsp/gal/1 sq ft. Use a crop oil concentrate (adjuvant) at a rate of 1 qt/a or approximately 1. Tbsp/gal/1 sq ft. Do not apply within 3 days of harvesting cantaloupe, or cucumber. Do not apply within 7 days of harvesting pepper. Do not apply within 14 days of harvesting mustard, okra, pumpkin, squash, or watermelon. Do not apply within 1 days of harvesting leaf lettuce, spinach, succulent beans, or peas. Do not apply within 3 days of harvesting broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, celery, collard, dry beans or peas, garlic, kale, leek, (head) lettuce, mustard, potato, or onion. Do not apply within 2 days of harvesting eggplant or tomato. For post-emergence suppression of yellow nutsedge and control of some broadleaf weeds such as cocklebur and small flower morning glory. Does not control grasses. Apply when weeds are small and actively growing. Adjust rate according to weed size as suggested on label. Do not apply before the third trifoliate leaf is fully expanded. Do not apply when peas or beans are in bloom. Add adjuvant according to label. According to the label, Basagran cannot be applied alone and must be mixed with Raptor or Pursuit. However, neither Raptor nor Pursuit are labeled on all bean types; see label. Rate for Basagran 4L is 6-16 fluid ounces per acre while Basagran L rate ranges from 4.8 to 12.8 fluid ounces per acre. Do not apply to dry or succulent beans within 3 days of harvest, 3 days of dry pea harvest, or 1 days of succulent pea harvest. glyphosate Roundup WeatherMax. SL Brassica: broccoli, cabbage, collard, kale, and mustard greens Bulb crops: garlic, leek, onion Cucurbits: cucumber, melons, pumpkin, squash, and watermelon Leafy vegetables: celery, lettuce (head and leaf), and spinach Fruiting vegetables: eggplant, pepper Legumes: lima bean, snap bean, Southern pea, English pea, garden pea Roots and Tubers: beet, carrot, parsley, radish, rutabaga, potato (Irish and sweet) Other: globe artichoke, okra, and sugar beet See label for use on additional crops. APPLY AS HOODED SPRAY in row middles or as a WIPER application in row middles. DO NOT ALLOW HERBICIDE MIXTURE TO CONTACT ANY PART OF THE CROP INCLUDING THE ROOTS! For crops that vine, applications must be made to row middles prior to vine development. Application must be made at least 14 days before harvest. May be applied as a POST-harvest application. Apply at least 3 days prior to planting any non-labeled crop. If applying over mulch of any type must be washed off with. inches rain/irrigation prior to planting. Row middle trifluralin Treflan HFP Cucurbits Provides residual control of annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. Apply after plants have reached the 3-4 leaf stage of growth. Apply as a directed spray between the rows. Avoid foliage contact as slight crop injury may occur. Do not apply within 3 days of harvest, except for watermelon, which has a 6-day preharvest interval. 18 UGA Extension Special Bulletin 48 Georgia Pest Management Handbook 219 Home & Garden Edition