Why Organics, Why grow your own Vegetables, It s for Your Longevity: and the cause:

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8 Why Organics, Why grow your own Vegetables, It s for Your Longevity: and the cause:

9 IT S THE ENVIRONMENT Regardless of the genes, it is the diet, nutrition and toxins to which one is exposed that determines health and disease Most important of which is diet and nutrition : Nutrition determines the body s ability to handle toxins Human health and disease are directly linked to nutrition Nutrition comes from food / agriculture Current system of food production has degenerated our food and environment and our health The latest assault on our food quality, environment and health is GMO crops Conventional (organic or chemical) agriculture is stealing our quality of life via cancer, Parkinson s, heart disease, dementia, etc It is reducing and weakening our generation via cancer, Autism ADHD, etc It is slowly starving us of vital nutrients we need to be healthy, vibrant and live out our full genetic potential

10 il Management n INSIGHT rather than INPUTS

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12 WHAT IS A HEALTHY SOIL? Soil health is the condition of the soil in relation to its (or potential) capability, to sustain biological productivity, maintain environmental quality, and promote plant health, animal health and human health. A healthy soil is productive, sustainable and profitable. This involves balancing applied inputs to promote profitability and greater production against decreasing inputs to protect the environment.

13 COMPONENTS OF A HEALTHY SOIL Physical soil: Deals with the arrangement of the particles and the movement of air and water in and out of the soil. For good physical soil health air and water need to be in constant supply to promote growth. If these properties are lacking then tillage is used to improve it. The down side is we rarely think of what effects this has on the chemical and biological properties in the soil.

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15 Chemical Soil: Deals with the nutrients in the soil and ability to supply nutrients to the plant. Chemical Balance is the key here, and a soil that is chemically out of balance can influence the physical and biological properties. Eg. High magnesium soils leads to tight soils with poor drainage that can support anaerobic microbes such as phytophthora. High sodium soils can lead to soil structural breakdown. O M CATION BALANCE Mineral Excesses Soil ph

16 Biological Soil: Deals with the living component of the soil. We have traditionally been interested in the biological component of the soil when we get soil pests and disease problems. To overcome these problems we apply pesticides with little regard for the other organisms inhabiting the soil. Many of these organisms play a beneficial role in promoting plant growth by recycling nutrients, creating channels allowing movement of air and water, improving soil structure and suppressing pest and diseases of plants.

17 HOLISTIC SOIL MANAGEMENT Good soil health management takes a holistic view of how we can create a soil environment where the physical, chemical and biological components work together to sustain healthy plant growth. By measuring soil properties and production indicators, it is possible to develop a set of key indicators for use in soil health monitoring. This can be achieved by conducting regular soil tests to understand the status of your soil, correcting any issues and managing the soil system.

18 Unhealthy soils Symptoms of unhealthy soils can vary from poor plant growth, poor water infiltration, soil erosion, on going plant disease and pest problems. The concept of soil health needs a holistic view of the soil. That is we need to look at the physical, chemical and biological components that make up a living soil, how they interact with one another to sustain production.

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21 STEP 6. Cover crops are an important soil restorer, they do not steal moisture from the next crop. New research shows a mixture of cereals, grasses, legumes, brassicas and chenopods generate compounds that stimulate humus building and can add 40 tonnes of organic matter per hectare equating to an increase of 1% organic matter once it is digested. ( 4kg in 1m2)

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31 STEP 7. Utilise compost and microbes to restore soil life and plant health.

32 Compost, Compost, Compost The application of compost to your soils can reintroduce a vast diversity of beneficial organisms, many of which can help suppress disease. The minerals in the compost are naturally chelated and generally feature very available forms of the trace minerals that have been shown to boost plant immunity. The humic and fulvic acids, naturally found in all composts, further enhance the suppressive potential of compost. There are no soils that will not benefit from this regenerative input and it can be a super productive strategy to either make your own compost or source a good quality, commercial product. If you have raw materials like spoiled hay, animal manure or prunings, it is well worth looking at turning these materials into valuable, soil-building inputs.

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35 STEP 3. Use humates to magnify your fertilisers by about 1/3. Fulvic and Humic

36 STEP 5. Kelp and Fish are biological essentials with the full spectrum of minerals and amino acids which gives a great response.

37 REMINERALIZATION BEGINS With History and Physical Exam Realistic testing and interpretation. Get a soil test that reflects nature ograss weeds = Calcium problem obroadleaf weeds = P: K and biological problem oinsects = low brix, low nutrient density

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52 HANDY HINTS ON BOTANICAL CONTROL! Stinging Nettle 24 hour extract Take 1 kg of fresh stinging nettle without roots, (it should not have gone to seed) Pour over 10 Litres of luke warm water. Leave to stand for 24 hours Sieve the juice and use as a spray for larvae or caterpillars, twice within the period of a few days DIY Pyrethrum Recipe Boil 500g fresh pyrethrum flowers (members of the chrysanthemum family) in 4 Litres of hot water to make a strong tea Let the infusion cool before straining and filtering Dilute this mixture with an equal amount of made soapy with a 30g bar of soap ( as a sticker) Spray onto affected crop Garlic and Peppers Crush ½ teaspoon of garlic and ½ teaspoon of hot peppers (birds eye chillies) Steep with 4litres water and then dilute to 25% before spraying over foliage Irritates soft bodied insects making them fall off of foliage making exposed to predators Neem as a Fungicide 2kg Powdered Milk per Ha (1g per 5 square mt) 1Litre Neem Oil per Ha (1ml per 10 square mt) Combined in 300 Litres of water per Ha (30ml per 1 square mt) this grower obtained complete control of powdery mildew on cucurbits before and after infection Sulphur Dogs Parasites 1 teaspoon 3 times per week Ticks and Fleas on Dogs 1 Tablespoon of Coconut oil + 1 raw egg daily helps control Diatomaceous Earth Rate is 1 litre in volume to 100 Litres water and sprayed in fine spray over plants for insect and grass hopper control Garlic Spray 3 large cloves garlic, crushed 1 Tablespoon vegetable oil 1 Litre water 1 teaspoon liquid soap Combine the garlic and vegetable oil and leave overnight then add other ingredients and store out of light in jar To use dilute 1 tablespoon of mixture to 1 Litre water and spray plants for soft bodied insect control (watch young foliage as it can burn in hot sun) Greendrop Organics P/L ian@greendroporganics.com.au

53 Scale and Mealybugs: Make an oil preparation that suffocates them by mixing four tablespoons of dishwashing liquid into one cup of vegetable oil. Mix one part of that mixture to about twenty parts of water, put it in your sprayer and spray the affected plants. Aphids, Caterpillars and Other Insects: Add two tablespoons of soap flakes to one litre of water and stir thoroughly until completely dissolved (this is quicker in warm water). There is no need to dilute this further, just spray it on as is. Black Spot Fungicide: In Queensland, Black Spot's a major problem with roses, but this fungicide mixture works miracles. Add three teaspoons of bicarb soda to one litre of water. Don't get carried away with the bicarb soda because if you make it too strong, it'll cause all sorts of problems. Add a few drops of either dishwashing liquid, or fish emulsion to help the solution adhere to the leaf more effectively. Fungicide: Mix one level teaspoon of bicarb soda into one litre of water. Add one litre of skim milk and a pinch of Condy's Crystals which you can get from a produce agent (someone that supplies to horse owners). Shake thoroughly. Grasshopper, Caterpillar and Possum Deterrent: Mix a cup of molasses into one litre of water and spray it over new foliage. Nematodes: Add half a litre of molasses to two litres of water and spread over one and a half square metres of affected garden area. All-round Insecticide: Chop four large onions, two cloves of garlic, and four hot chillies. Mix them together and cover with warm, soapy water and leave it to stand overnight. Strain off that liquid and add it to five litres of water to create an all-round insecticide. Pesticide: Crush a whole bulb of garlic and cover with vegetable oil. After two days, strain off the liquid, add a couple of drops of dishwashing liquid and use one millilitre of concentrate to one litre of water. Herbicide: Add a cup of common salt to a litre of vinegar. After it's dissolved, brush it directly onto weeds. Remember, it's not a selective weed killer. It'll kill anything it touches so be very careful how you use it. Predator Attractor: Predators that prey on pests are great things to have in the garden. Lacewings are particularly desirable because they consume aphids and many other pests. To encourage them into your garden, dissolve one teaspoon of a yeast based sandwich spread in water and spray it all over the plants. Even the most common foods and products can affect you and your plants. It is good practice with any homemade remedy to first spray a test patch on the target crop and wait 24 hours before checking the sprayed foliage for damage, before proceeding.

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