Metrics for Planning Healthy Communities

Transcription

1 1/25/18 Metrics for Planning Healthy Communities Anna Ricklin, AICP Planning and Community Health Center American Planning Association

2 Contents Background Metrics framework Example metrics Applications

3 Planning and Community Health Center Advances practices that improve human environments in order to promote public health. Priorities are: Active living Food systems Health in all planning policies

4 What Planning Brings to Public Health Stakeholder engagement Community asset mapping Infrastructure enhancements

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6 Background Planning Metrics Funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grew out of previous work APA had done with CDC The project report and metrics available for free to members

7 Background Theoretical foundation Social Determinants of Health Source: Barton and Grant (2006)

8 Background Why Should Planners Use Health Metrics? Assess existing conditions Organize information Guide policy- and plan-making Facilitate project evaluation & tracking

9 Background Advisory Committee Danielle Spurlock, Assistant Professor Department of City and Regional Planning, UNC-Chapel Hill Milena Bernadinello, Healthy Community Planner City of Madison Jasneet Sharma, Senior Community Health Planner San Mateo County Health System Aaron Mondada, Associate Agnew Beck Tina Yuen, Senior Planner/Designer (formerly) Raimi + Associates

10 Research Framework Metrics Domains (topic areas) Active Living Active transportation, Recreation, Traffic safety Healthy Food System Access, Production Environmental Exposures Air quality, Water quality, Soil contamination Emergency Preparedness Natural hazards, Climate change, Infectious disease Social Cohesion Green infrastructure, Housing and community development, Public safety

11 Research Framework

12 Interwoven Equity In the report, each domain includes a section on interwoven equity that discusses how lowerincome population and communities of color have been affected negatively by their built environment. DOMAIN Active Living Healthy Food System Environmental Exposures EXAMPLE Low access to parks and recreational facilities Low access to healthy and nutritious food Disproportionate exposure to environmental hazards such as contaminated soils Emergency Preparedness Adverse effect of climate change Social Cohesion Gentrification and displacement due to redevelopment

13 Examples Social Cohesion Built Environment Metric Percentage of tree canopy coverage Planning Policy Policies that incentivize development of green infrastructure so that it is convenient and accessible to all residents

14 Examples Tree canopy and Poverty photo credit: Ian Abbott

15 Examples Tree canopy and Median Household Income photo credit: Ian Abbott

16 Examples Social Cohesion Built Environment Metric Percentage of households paying > 30% of monthly household income toward housing costs Planning Policy Land use and zoning policies to promote affordable and fair housing

17 Examples Housing Costs and Community Diversity

18 Examples Social Cohesion Built Environment Metric Violent crimes per 1,000 population Planning Policy Crime Prevention Through Environment Design (CPTED) policies that maximize visibility and eyes on the street

19 Examples Public Safety and Housing Costs photo credit: Ian Abbott

20 Examples Emergency Preparedness Built Environment Metric Percentage population living within 100-year and 500-year floodplains. Planning Policy Hazard mitigation policies included in all forms of plan making, from comprehensive to area plans. photo credit: Ian Abbott

21 Examples 100 year Floodplain and Social Vulnernability photo credit: Ian Abbott

22 Applications How do these metrics advance planning for healthy communities? Establish a more comprehensive framework to plan for health Provide actionable guidance and clear direction Include an equity component

23 Applications Opportunities for Implementation Plans Regulations Policies (e.g. Complete Streets) Community Outreach Advocacy Mapping and Scenario Analysis Outcome-based budgeting More! photo credit: New York City Department of Transportation

24 Thank you!! Anna Ricklin, AICP Sagar Shah, PhD Free Report