Louth County Development Plan

Transcription

1 Louth County Development Plan Land of Legends - Land of Opportunities

2 Addendum to Louth County Developemnt Plan Please note as per Part 4: Comments in respect to the Stage 2 Appropriate Assessment of the Manager s Report on the Amendments to the Draft Plan, the following changes to the policies listed below will be included in the final printed version of the Plan. (Changes are illustrated in red.) CON 14 CON 33 RD19 RA 7 RA 8 TC 27 TC 31 To resist any development that would be harmful or that would result in a significant deterioration of habitats or disturbance of species in a SAC, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive. To promote and protect established public rights of way to heritage sites and features of archaeological interest, coastal areas, mountains, rivers, lakes, geological and geomorphic systems and other natural amenities, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive. To increase the quality of beaches in the county and in so doing contribute to the development of the tourism industry and to the enjoyment of the facilities, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive. To protect the amenity value of the coast and improve public access to coastal amenities, including the provision of car parking facilities at popular beaches, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive. To protect areas at risk from coastal erosion and flooding, subject to available resources, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive. To ensure that there is sufficient land available for port expansion and related uses and to support the development and expansion of the ports of Drogheda, Dundalk, Greenore and Clogherhead, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive. To investigate the possibility of developing linear cycle routes utilizing existing natural or manmade corridors such as riversides and abandoned road and rail infrastructure, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive.

3 Contents Chapter1: Introduction Page 1.1 Introduction Plan Coverage Plan Title Legal Status Review of the Louth County Development Plan Vision for County Louth Strategic Objectives Content and Format Format of the Plan Formal Notification of intention to prepare a Draft Plan Pre Draft Public Consultation Stakeholders and Prescribed bodies Manager s Report Strategic Environmental Assessment Additions to and Deletion from the Record of Protected Structures Local Area Plans Development Plan Context European Plans and Programmes National and Regional Level Local level Social Inclusion Planning for Social Inclusion Age Friendly Society County Profile Population trends for the Future Development of County Louth Age Profile Population Growth 17 Chapter 2: Conservation and Heritage 2.1 Introduction Wider Benefits of Maintaining a Quality Natural and Built Heritage 21

4 2.3 Natural Heritage and Biodiversity Heritage Louth Heritage Plan Landscape Character Assessment Biodiversity EU on Biodiversity The Natural Environment Local Amenities Proposed Natural Heritage Areas (pnha) Sites of Geological Interest European Sites Trees and Woodlands The Built Environment Archaeology Protected Structures Architectural Conservation Areas Heritage Parks and Designed Landscapes Vernacular Architectural Heritage 43 Chapter 3: Rural Development and Natural Resources 3.1 Introduction National and Regional National Spatial Strategy Regional Planning Guidelines for the Border Region Rural Development Programme CLÁR Programme (Ceantair Laga Árd Riachtanais) Rural Environmental Protection Scheme (REPS) Rural Development Strategy Rural Enterprise Agriculture Agricultural Buildings Rural Tourism and Coastal Areas 52

5 3.5.1 Coastal Areas National Coastal Protection Strategy Study Proposed Coastal Protection Measures Development on the Foreshore Forestry Energy Extractive Industry and Building Materials Production Development Management Criteria Residential Development in Rural Areas Development Zones Development Zone Development Zone Development Zone Development Zone Development Zone Summary of Strategy Objectives for each Development Zone 1 to 5 60 Chapter 4: Settlement Strategy 4.1 Introduction Population Distribution Settlement Hierarchy Level 1: Dundalk Level 1: Drogheda Level 2: Ardee Level 2: Dunleer Level 3: Category I Settlements Level 4: Category II (a) Settlements Level 5: Category II (b) Settlements County Based Local Area Needs Development Management Assessment Criteria for Category II(a) and (b) Settlements Rural Housing 71

6 4.5.1 National Spatial Strategy 2002 (NSS) Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines One Off Rural Housing Local Needs Qualifying Criteria Local Area Development Management Assessment Criteria for One-Off Rural Housing Clustered Housing Developments Replacement Houses Refurbishment of Existing Dwellings in Rural Areas Accommodation for Dependant Relatives Site Size Ribbon Development Infill Development Extensions to Dwellings Access Garages Roadside Boundaries Wastewater Rural Housing Design and Siting Criteria Site Sensitive Design Build into the Landscape Build, Shape and Plant to Create Further Shelter Presence in the Landscape Scale and Form Proportions Materials Boundaries Details 89 Chapter 5: Residential and Community Facilities 5.1 Introduction Louth Housing Strategy Residential Mix Social Housing Housing Programme Affordable Housing Scheme Rental Accommodation Scheme Social Housing Investment Programme

7 5.3.5 Voluntary Housing and Cooperative Sector Traveller Accommodation Residential Development Master Plans Checklist for the Preparation of Master Plans Homezone Principles Energy Performance of Dwellings Housing Layout Guidelines Housing Layout Security and Defensible Space Flexibility Access for all Lifetime Housing Building Lines Bus Routes and Stops Pedestrian and Cycle Infrastructure School Transport Residential Standards Density Private Amenity Space Public Open Space Car Parking Provision Privacy and Spacing between buildings Internal Space Requirements Waste Storage Building Heights Naming of Estates Public Art Management Taking in Charge of Housing Estates Community Facilities Schools and Education Childcare Facilities Nursing Homes Primary Health Facilities 116

8 5.15 Community Buildings and Sports Facilities Disabled Persons The Library Service Emergency Services 118 Chapter 6: Recreation and Amenity 6.1 Introduction Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy and Louth Play Environment and Amenities Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty Areas of High Scenic Quality The Coastline Scenic Routes Views and Prospects of Special Amenity Value Walks and Cycle Paths Walks Cycling Amenity Schemes 124 Chapter 7: Economic Development, Employment and Tourism 7.1 Introduction County Louth Economic Development Strategy Employment Opportunities in smaller Towns and Villages Development at Motorway Interchanges Cross Border Economic Co-Operation Adoption of a Partnership Approach Employment Trends and Opportunities Employment Sectors Development Management Standards for Industrial and Commercial Developments Landscaping and Amenity Surface Water Drainage 134

9 7.2.3 Sustainable Design Car Parking, Loading and Unloading Provision Design Site coverage and Plot Ratios Open Storage Roads and Footpaths Nuisance Trade Effluent Discharges Public Water Supplies Fire Prevention Building Regulations Signage Public Artwork Commerce and Retail Introduction Louth Retail Strategy Town and Village Centres Town and large Centre Environments Architectural Conservation Areas and Protected Structures Living over the Shop Shopfronts Security Shutters Canopies and Blinds Signage Site Coverage Height Overshadowing and Overlooking Car Parking Provision Tourism Introduction Tourist Attractions Regional Tourism Tourism Plan Co-Operation with other Bodies Cross Border Geologically Themed Project Narrow Water Bridge Oriel Boyne Valley Monasterboice Tourist Accommodation Hotel, Guest House and Bed and Breakfast Holiday Homes and Self-Catering Accommodation Caravan Parks 148

10 7.6.4 Budget Hostels Tourism Related Signage 149 Chapter 8: Transport and Communications 8.1 Introduction Louth County Development Plan National Transportation Transport A Sustainable Transport Future A New Transport 152 for Ireland National Roads Authority Statement on Development Management and Access to National Roads Road Infrastructure Motorways Motorway Services National Routes Regional and Local Roads Protected National and Regional Routes Entrances Vehicle Parking Standards Roads Improvement Programme Gateway and Hub Links Transport Audit and Mapping Public Transport Rail Transport Drogheda Navan Rail Link Rail Based Park and Ride Facilities Bus Transport 163

11 Bus Based Park and Ride Facilities Rural Transport Programme Ports Airports Cycling and Walking Communications Telecommunications Broadband Open Access Ducting Land Based Telephony Mobile Telephony Development Management Assessment Criteria for Telecommunication Structures Obsolete Telecommunication Structures Domestic Satellite Dishes 169 Chapter 9: Energy 9.1 Introduction EU and National Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI) Electricity Transmission Power Lines Natural Gas Supply Network Renewable Energy Wind Energy Solar Energy Bioenergy Wave Energy Tidal and Ocean Energy Sustainable Energy Efficiency Considerations I in Buildings Guidelines for Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings 178

12 Chapter 10: Environment 10.1 Introduction European, National and Regional Environmental noise Noise Action Plan Water Quality The Water Framework Directive River Basin District Management Plans River Basin Management Planning Guidance for Public Authorities Natural Water Systems and Groundwater Nitrate Vulnerable Zones On Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems Design and Installation of On Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems North East Region Waste Management Plan for the Seveso Sites Derelict Sites Veterinary Services 190 Chapter 11: Water Services 11.1 Water Services Context Water Supply Capital Investment Programme: Water Water Supply: Current Status Wastewater 200

13 Capital Investment Programme Wastewater Schemes: Current Status Private Wastewater Treatment Systems Water Conservation Surface Water Drainage and Flooding Surface Water Drainage Flooding Sequential Approach to Flood Risk 206 Chapter 12: Implementation and Monitoring 12.1 Introduction Local Area Plans Public Funding Section 48 Contributions Scheme Section 49 Contribution Scheme Private Funding Private Sector Public Private Partnerships Bonds Phasing Enforcement Monitoring and Review 213

14 List of Tables Page 1.1 Local Area Plans Population of County Louth 1986 to Population Changes (excluding Drogheda Borough and Dundalk Town) 2002 to County and Settlement Growth Projections Applying Regional Growth Figures and excluding NSS Settlement Targets Settlement Growth Applying Regional Growth Figures and Including NSS Settlement Targets Projected Population for the Border Region Projected Population for County Louth Target Population Allocation Landscape Area Classification Proposed Natural Heritage Areas Candidate Sites of Geological Interest Special Areas of Conservation Special Protection Areas Champion Trees Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value Areas of Special Archaeological Interest Heritage Gardens and Designed landscapes Farm Sizes in County Louth Programmes of Priority Work for Coastal Areas Strategic Objectives for Development Zones 1 to Population Distribution in County Louth Settlement Hierarchy Permitted Densities within Category II(a) Settlements Permitted One Off Houses 2001 to House Size and Site Area Ratio Part V Social and Affordable Housing Voluntary Housing Output Assessment Criteria Urban Design Guidance Residential Densities for Towns and Villages with less than 5000 Population Private Amenity Space Standards Qualitative Standards for Public Open Space Residential Car Parking Standards Space Provision and Room Sizes for Typical Dwellings Minimum Floor Areas and Standards for Apartments Minimum Aggregate floor areas for Living / Dining / Kitchen Rooms and Minimum Width for the main Living / Dining rooms Minimum Bedroom Floor areas and Widths Minimum Aggregate Bedroom Floor Areas Minimum Storage Space Requirements Minimum Floor Areas for Main Apartment Balconies Provision of Waste Storage Primary Schools in County Louth 115

15 5.18 Post Primary Schools in County Louth Existing and Proposed Playground Facilities Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty Areas of High Scenic Quality Scenic Routes Views and Prospects Amenity Schemes Key Development Opportunities for Louth as identified by County Louth Economic Development Strategy Sectoral Breakdown of Employment in County Louth Percentage Increase in Retail floor space between County Retail Hierarchy National Routes in County Louth National Routes Restrictions and Exemption on Access Protected Regional Routes Restrictions and Exemptions on Access Minimum Visibility Standards Vehicle Dwell Areas Car Parking Requirements Motorways and National Routes Regional Routes Strategic New Roads Proposed Capital Works Programmes Capital Investment Programmes Public Water Schemes Private Group Water Schemes Wastewater Capital Investment Programme Wastewater Schemes: Current Status 202

16 List of Figures Page Fig. 1.1 Distribution of Population, by Age and Sex in County Louth Fig. 3.1 Farm Types in County Louth 50 Fig. 4.1 House Set into the Landscape 83 Fig 4.2 Breaking the Skyline 84 Fig 4.3 Secluded Site 84 Fig 4.4 Dwellings Set into the Landscape 85 Fig 4.5 Exploit the Sun 85 Fig 4.6 Simple Form 86 Fig 4.7 Complicated and Alien Forms 86 Fig 4.8 Proportions 87 Fig 4.9 Roadside Frontage 88 Fig 4.10 Chimney Detail 89 Fig 4.11 Window Arrangement 90 Fig 4.12 Window Glazing 90 Fig 4.13 Dormer Windows 90 Fig. 8.1 Visibility Splays 199 Fig Types of Water Supply 197 Fig Types of Sewerage Facilities 203

17 List of Maps Page Map 1.1 Percentage Population Change Map 2.1 Landscape Character Areas Map 24 Map 2.2 Location and Extent of proposed Natural 27 Map 2.3 Candidate sites of Geological Interest Map * Map 2.4 Location and Extent of SACs 30 Map 2.5 Location and Boundaries of SPAs 32 Map 2.6 Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders 34 Map 2.7 Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value 36 Map 3.1 CLÁR Area, County Louth 47 Map 3.2 Development Zones * Map 6.1 Location and boundaries of Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and Areas of High Scenic Quality 124 Map 6.2 Scenic Routes and Views and Prospects * Map 6.3 The Tain Way 128 Map 9.1 Areas of Suitability to Wind Development 179 *These maps are llustrated in the Appendices.

18 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction The Louth County Development Plan outlines an overall strategy for the proper planning and sustainable development of County Louth over the timescale of the Plan. Spatial planning through the development plan endeavours to achieve balance between the common good and the interests of individual persons. To date there is an excellent record of participation and partnership at local level between Louth County Council, public agencies, service providers, the private sector and the community in general. This Plan builds on the review of the Louth County Development Plan , taking account of recent key development trends, national, regional and local policy developments and EU legislative requirements, including the application of Strategic Environmental Assessment to certain plans and programmes. The Plan addresses the planning authority s specific areas of responsibility such as roads and sanitary services, housing, settlement strategy, conservation, heritage, community and social infrastructure. It also sets out a longer term vision for the manner in which the county can be developed and its environment protected and enhanced, employing the principles of sustainable development. Sustainable development is at the core of the planning process, reflecting increasing environmental concerns which have become the focus of national and international policies over recent years. Sustainable development is defined by Brundtland as, development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Further detail on Louth County Council s commitment to sustainable development is contained throughout the Plan Plan Coverage The area of the Plan covers the administrative area of County Louth, excluding the municipal boundaries of Dundalk Town Council together with Dundalk s environs which are the subject of the Dundalk and Environs Development Plan The municipal boundaries of Drogheda Borough Council are also excluded. The Plan does not set out detailed policies for individual towns and villages within the county with the exception of the Category II (a) and II (b) Settlements. The detailing of policies for individual towns and villages throughout the county will be achieved through a review of the existing local area plans which will commence during the Plan s operating period Plan Title The Plan shall be titled Louth County Development Plan Louth County Development Plan

19 Chapter 1 Introduction Legal Status This Plan is prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Planning and Development Acts Upon adoption, it will supersede the existing Louth County Development Plan In accordance with Section 9(1) of the Planning and Development Act 2000, every planning authority is required to review its existing development plan and make a new development plan every six years. Under the above legislation, the new plan is required to set out an overall strategy for the proper planning and sustainable development of the county. It must also be consistent with such national plans, policies or strategies that relate to proper planning and sustainable development. The Plan must also include a number of mandatory objectives for the: Zoning of land (within urban areas only) Provision of infrastructure Conservation and protection of the environment Integration of social, community and cultural requirements with planning Sustainable development of the area Preservation of the character of the landscape Protection of structures and preservation of architectural conservation areas (ACAs) Renewal and development of areas in need of regeneration Provision of traveller accommodation Preservation, improvement and extension of amenities Major Accidents Directive (Seveso sites) Provision of community facilities The Planning and Development Act 2000 is the principal act pertaining to planning and development legislation in Ireland. This Act consolidated all previous planning legislation, clarifying and simplifying the legislative framework into one self-contained piece of legislation. The 2000 Act remains the basis for the Irish planning code, setting out the detail of regional planning guidelines, development plans and local area plans as well as the basic framework of the development management system. There have been some of changes to the legislation since 2000, the most significant of which are set out below; The Planning and Development (Amendment) Act 2002 which made changes to Part V of the 2000 Act and the preparation of local area plans. The Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2004, which made substantial changes to Part V of the Planning and Development Act The Planning and Development (Strategic Infrastructure) Act 2006, which provided for, among other things, the establishment of a streamlined consent procedure for certain types of major infrastructure and the creation of a specialised division within An Bord Pleanála to make decisions in relation to such projects. Louth County Development Plan

20 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.2 Review of the Louth County Development Plan The years witnessed a period of unprecedented economic growth and development across County Louth in tandem with the nation as a whole. The County Development Plan sets a framework for the physical, social and economic development of County Louth and the preservation, protection and enhancement of the County s heritage and amenities. This enabled a strategic response in land-use terms, to sustain population growth over the plan period. The Plan contained a settlement strategy which recognized the considerable development pressures which Louth was experiencing due to its proximity to the greater Dublin area and furthermore, to its strategic position at the centre point of the Dublin - Belfast corridor. This geographic advantage has been further enhanced through the completion of a number of key transportation projects through the course of the current plan which contributed to County Louth becoming one of the most accessible locations in the state. These factors must be added to the inherent attractiveness of the county itself as a place to live, given the wealth of manmade and natural attractions which are contained within its borders. The County Development Plan also played a key role in setting the context for the preparation of a number of important subject led instruments which were subsequently adopted by the council. These included the Housing Strategy and Retail Strategy. 1.3 Vision for County Louth County Louth, although the smallest county in Ireland, is one of the most densely populated and urbanised outside Dublin. This is due to the presence within its borders of two of the largest provincial towns in the country, Dundalk and Drogheda. The 2006 Census of Population gives the population of the county at 110,894. By reason of its strategic location on the Dublin - Belfast economic corridor, accessibility to east coast ports and international airports and the much improved road and rail infrastructure, the county is well placed to continue to grow in population and economic terms into the foreseeable future. The challenge facing Louth County Council, in partnership with Dundalk Town Council and Drogheda Borough Council, the private sector and voluntary groups, is to promote and regulate the future development of the county in a manner that will improve living standards and enable the social and cultural development of its inhabitants without jeopardising the ability of future generations of Louth people to do likewise. This in essence is the fundamental principle of sustainable development that is a recurring theme throughout the Plan. The vision for County Louth into the future is of a place: Where people want to live, work, visit and invest now and in the future That is well planned, well managed, safe and inclusive Where there exists equality of opportunity for all Louth County Development Plan

21 Chapter 1 Introduction The vision for County Louth as enshrined in this Plan is attainable. It seeks to deliver through the planning process, in partnership with the community and other stakeholders, a prosperous and thriving county where no individual or social group is excluded from the benefits of development. It also enshrines the principle of environmental, economic and social sustainability including protection of the county s resources, heritage and the natural and built environment. 1.4 Strategic Objectives The realisation of this vision will be pursued by seeking to secure the following overall strategic objectives of the Plan: 1. Direct new development in accordance with the settlement strategy which will provide for the sustainable development of the county for the period 2009 to 2015 and beyond. This will require development to be accessible, energy efficient and to include high quality infrastructure and services. 2. Facilitate the implementation of a countywide economic renaissance through implementation of the Economic Development Strategy for County Louth This will, insofar as is possible, seek to provide employment opportunities at locations that are near to the majority of the county s inhabitants. 3. Facilitate and promote the economic development of the county, based on the exploitation of its favourable location on the mid point of Dublin Belfast corridor and the connectivity which this provides to external markets and services. 4. Provide a framework for the management and regulation of development and use of land that will guide day to day planning decisions. 5. Protect and nurture the county s rich natural and manmade resources, heritage and other amenities in accordance with plans and policies developed to specifically address these areas, in order that the full potential of the county can be realised, particularly in terms of attracting tourists and visitors to the county. 6. Planning for greater social inclusion and improvements to the quality of life of all the inhabitants of the county. 7. Protection of rural communities in a sustainable manner by encouraging compact development in the county s smaller towns and villages and by protecting the open countryside from urban generated and unsustainable one off housing. 8. Provide a framework for sustainable development through efficient energy use and facilitate an increase in the use of renewable energy. 9. Secure the provision of high quality physical infrastructure to trigger and support appropriate development within the county. Louth County Development Plan

22 Chapter 1 Introduction 10. Recognition of the value of people as a resource to be cherished within families, communities and the economy. This will be achieved in the Plan through optimising opportunities for health, education and welfare. 11. To fully realise the potential of County Louth in the context of its strategic location within the State and the Border Region, having regard in particular to the role of the Dundalk Gateway and Drogheda Primary Development Centre as drivers and catalysts for development within the region and to forge strong economic links on a cross border basis with Northern Ireland and adjoining counties. 1.5 Content and Format Format of the Plan The Plan comprises of this written statement with supporting maps. The written statement includes objectives where applicable and policies for the development and use of land. In the event of any conflict or ambiguity between what is contained within the written statement and the supporting maps, the written statement will take precedence Formal Notification of the intention to prepare a Draft Plan In accordance with section II of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 and Article 13B of the Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment) Regulations 2004, a notice was published in the local press, namely the Argus (Dundalk), the Dundalk Democrat and the Drogheda Independent during the week commencing 1 st April The notice outlined the intention of the council to review the County Development Plan and to prepare a new plan for It also informed the public that the planning authority would carry out a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) as part of the review process and prepare an environmental report on the likely significant effects on the environment resulting from the implementation of the Plan together, with associated mitigation measures Pre-Draft Public Consultation The review process of the Plan commenced with the council advertising its intention to review the existing development plan and to prepare a new one. Submissions in respect of the review and the making of the Plan were invited over a specified period. Consultation was carried out with the general public and other interested and relevant bodies during this period. This is commensurate with one of the key requirements of the Planning and Development Acts which emphasizes the need for widespread public consultation and seeking submissions and observations on the content of the proposed plan from a wide range of stakeholders including service providers, developers, public agencies, government departments and members of the public. The council engaged in an extensive consultation process. Facilitated sessions with council staff and elected members were organised during March and April These sessions informed the preparation of the Issues Paper. The Issues Paper was then published and widely distributed to statutory bodies, stakeholders, service providers, elected members. Louth County Development Plan

23 Chapter 1 Introduction Flyers were delivered to every household within County Louth. These provided a brief summary of the main issues of what the review of the Plan and the making of a new one involved and details on how to make a submission. They included a tear-off postage paid reply card. The Issues Paper and comment sheets were also posted on the internet to enable comments and observations to be submitted through this medium. An exhibition was placed on display in the lobby area of Louth County Hall, Dundalk, for the full duration of the eight week consultation period. Each Thursday, members from the forward planning team were available for drop-in meetings to facilitate anyone who wished to discuss issues, policies or any matter which they considered to be important in formulating the new development plan. In addition, the forward planning team ran public consultation events in Drogheda, Dundalk and Ardee. These events included formal presentations, question and answer sessions and meetings with members of the public. Additional presentations and discussion sessions were organised to facilitate input from Louth Community Forum, Drogheda Chamber of Commerce and Ardee Town Council Stakeholders and Prescribed bodies All prescribed bodies, stakeholders and service providers were contacted by letter and invited to make submissions. There were a number of subsequent meetings with individual bodies where issues that they considered important in the review and making of the Plan were discussed. Submissions received were included in the manager s report. A list of all the bodies notified is set out in appendix 1 of the Plan Manager s Report A manager s report was prepared by the county manager on the submissions and observations received (212) and on all matters arising from the above consultations. This contains a list of the persons who made submissions or observations, a summary of the issues raised, the opinion of the manager taking account of the proper planning and sustainable development of the area and the statutory obligations of the local authority and finally, recommendations on the policies to be contained in the draft plan.the manager's report was circulated to elected members, who had a ten week period to consider it. On the 3 rd October 2008 the members issued directions to the manager to proceed with the preparation of the draft development plan Strategic Environmental Assessment Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is the formal systematic evaluation of the likely significant environmental effects of implementing the Plan prior to its adoption. An Environmental Baseline Report examines the likely significant environmental impacts of the policies and objectives of the Plan Additions to and Deletions from the Record of Protected Structures (RPS) Where the Plan includes provision relating to any addition to or deletion from the record of protected structures, the council will serve on each person who is the owner or Louth County Development Plan

24 Chapter 1 Introduction occupier of a proposed protected structure or a protected structure to be deleted, a notice of the proposed addition to or deletion from the RPS. This will include the details of the rationale behind the proposal Local Area Plans In accordance with Sections (18), (19) and (20) of the Planning and Development Act 2000, provision is made for the making of local area plans for any area falling under the jurisdiction of a planning authority. Section 19(1) (b) imposes an obligation on a planning authority to prepare local area plans in respect of any area which is designated as a town in the most recent census of population, has a population in excess of 2000 and is situated within the functional area of a planning authority. The Ardee Local Area Plan is the only mandatory local area plan required under the planning Acts. In the context of Louth, the need for the creation of a series of local area plans grew out of the unprecedented levels of development. The purpose of these local area plans is to provide a more detailed framework and response to the development needs of specific towns and villages within the overall framework of the Plan. An important feature of this process is that it provides an opportunity for local communities to participate in the preparation of the plan for their own area. The plans also contain more specific proposals in terms of the use of land and zoning objectives. Under the County Development Plan , a total of fifteen local area plans where prepared for the settlements listed below. In addition to these a local area plan was prepared for the North Drogheda Environs. Table 1.1: Local Area Plans Annagassan Ardee Castlebellingham/Kilsaran Carlingford Clogherhead Collon Dromiskin Dunleer Knockbridge Louth Tallanstown Termonfeckin/Baltray Tullyallen Omeath The council will commence the review process of the various local area plans upon completion of this Plan. 1.6 Development Plan Context Policies and perspectives of international and national significance increasingly influence physical planning in Ireland and this filters down to local county level. At the international level, the global consensus on the need to promote sustainable development is the most overriding element in terms of this new approach to planning and as such will influence the polices and objectives contained in the Plan. The Plan therefore must have regard to a number of international treaties, European Union directives and national and regional policies as documented below. Louth County Development Plan

25 Chapter 1 Introduction European Plans and Programmes Agenda 21 Local Agenda 21 is a process which facilitates sustainable development at community level. European Spatial Development Perspective (1999) The main aim of the ESDP is to maintain the individual characteristics of the various countries within the EU while simultaneously increasing integration between the member states socially and economically with the protection of the environment as a core element. Water Directive 2000 Framework 2000/60/EC, This Directive requires the preparation of river basin management plans by The bulk of County Louth falls within the Neagh Bann River Basin District and the remainder of the county, primarily to the south, lies within the Eastern River Basin District. Strategic Environmental Assessment Regulations assessment The purpose of the SEA (Directive 2001/42/EC) is to ensure that environmental consequences of certain plans and programmes are identified and assessed during their preparation and before their adoption National and Regional Level National Spatial Strategy (2002) The NSS is a twenty year planning framework designed to achieve a better balance of social, economic, physical development and population growth between regions. Its focus is on people, on places and on building communities. National Development Plan The National Development Plan (NDP) involves an investment of public, EU and private funds to provide for economic and social infrastructure, employment and human resources, the productive sector and the peace programme. Sustainable Development A Strategy for Ireland (1997) "Sustainable Development - A Strategy for Ireland" recognises the need for good spatial planning and the inclusion of sustainability in urban and environmental policies. It recognises that the pattern and density of urban development has a major influence on travel patterns and encourages high movement activities to locate in areas of maximum accessibility to public transport. National Anti- Poverty Strategy (NAPS) The NAPS is an initiative to place the needs of the poor and the socially excluded at the top of the national policy agenda. It recognises the scale of poverty and its impact on those directly affected and notes the distinct spatial aspects of poverty in urban and rural areas. The strategy emphasises the importance of a cross departmental policy response in dealing with the problem of poverty. Transport 21 Transport 21 will see 34.4 billion invested over the next ten years in Irish transport. Connecting communities and promoting prosperity is the core aim of this strategy. The programme seeks to meet the transport needs of the country s citizens and also underpin competitiveness into the future. Louth County Development Plan

26 Chapter 1 Introduction Sustainable Residential Development Guidelines Planning The guidelines are focused on creating sustainable communities by incorporating the highest design standards and providing a co-ordinated approach to the delivery of essential infrastructure and services. They are accompanied by a best practice urban design manual, which illustrates how the guidelines can be implemented effectively and consistently across the different scales of urban development around the country. Retail Planning Guidelines (2005) These guidelines provide a framework to guide planning authorities in preparing development plans, assessing applications for planning permission, and guide retailers and developers in formulating development proposals. Regional Planning Guidelines for the Border Area (2004) (under review) The vision for the Region is By 2020 the Border Region will be a competitive area recognised as, and prospering from, its unique interface between the two economies, where economic success will benefit all, through the building of distinct sub regional identities, in an outstanding natural environment with innovative people, which in themselves will be our most valuable asset. County Louth is located in the east sub-region which is focused on Dundalk Gateway and contains the hub towns of Monaghan and Cavan. Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines (2005) The guidelines include the criteria to be applied when selecting protected structures for inclusion in the Record of Protected Structures (RPS). It also contains guidance to support planning authorities in their role to protect the architectural heritage, when a protected structure, a proposed protected structure or the exterior of a building within an ACA, is the subject of development proposals and when a declaration is sought in relation to a protected structure. National Biodiversity Plan This Plan was published in It aims to secure the conservation, including where possible the enhancement and sustainable use of biological diversity in Ireland and to contribute to conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity globally. National Climate Change Strategy (2007) Under Kyoto Protocol, Ireland agreed to a target of limiting its greenhouse gas emissions to 13% above 1990 levels by the first commitment period Ireland ratified the Kyoto Protocol in 2002, along with the EU and all other Member States and is legally bound to meet the challenging greenhouse gas emissions reduction target. To ensure Ireland reaches its target and building on measures put in place following the publication of the first National Climate Change Strategy in 2000, the Government has published this new National Climate Change Strategy Making Ireland s Development Sustainable (2002) This document focuses on the link between economic activity and pressures on the environment. At the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, world leaders agreed to implement an action programme for sustainable development called Agenda 21. A Strategy for Ireland (1997), applies Agenda 21 in Irish circumstances. Making Ireland s Development Sustainable reviews progress, assesses the challenge we now face and sets out policies and actions to meet that challenge. Wind Energy Development Guidelines (2006) These guidelines provide advice to planning authorities on planning for wind energy through the development plan process and in determining applications for planning permission. Louth County Development Plan

27 Chapter 1 Introduction Flood Risk Guidelines for Local Authorities 2008 These guidelines detail appropriate action to be undertaken by planning authorities in response to flood protection and managing the risk related to potential developments. National Inventory of Architectural Heritage (NIAH) The purpose of the NIAH is to identify, record, and evaluate the post-1700 architectural heritage of Ireland, uniformly and consistently as an aid in the protection and conservation of the built heritage. NIAH surveys provide the basis for the recommendations of the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government to the planning authorities for the inclusion of particular structures in their Record of Protected Structures (RPS). Delivering A Sustainable Energy Future For Ireland - The Energy Framework This White Paper sets out the Government s energy policy framework to deliver a sustainable energy future for Ireland. It is set firmly in the global and European context which has put energy security and climate change among the most urgent international challenges. The Paper sets out the actions to be taken in response to the energy challenges facing Ireland Local Level Waste Management Plan for the North East Region (WMP) This is a joint waste management plan for the counties Cavan, Louth, Meath and Monaghan. The WMP identifies the current position, policy for future improvement and development and the means to implement and monitor progress. The objective for the region is to develop a sustainable approach to managing resources, by minimising waste and managing the waste that is generated in a safe and environmentally sound manner. County Development Board Strategy: Louth Working together for our Future This strategy sets out a stratagem for the social, economic and cultural development of the county. Implementation and monitoring is an integral part of this strategy to ensure that it is responsive to circumstances as these change. Louth Heritage Plan ( ) The Heritage Plan is a strategic framework plan which aims to co-ordinate the conservation, management and sympathic development of the county s heritage. Biodiversity plan Louth for The purpose of the Biodiversity Plan is to provide a framework for nature conservation at local level, to create awareness and appreciation of local flora and fauna and to integrate consideration of biodiversity into all local authority activities. Louth County Housing Strategy 2009 This strategy aims to ensure that sufficient land is zoned and serviced to meet housing needs, establish requirements under Part V for social and affordable housing and that there are a range of house type and sizes. Locating Industry in County Louth 2002 This strategy aims to provide for economic growth through the identification of appropriate locations for industrial and commercial activities through the county. Interchange Strategy for County Louth 2002 This strategy examines the potential of the motorway interchanges for development in order to maximise the benefits accruing to the county from the motorway. Louth County Development Plan

28 Chapter 1 Introduction Louth Local Authorities Disability Implementation Plan This plan governs Louth Local Authority s development, in ensuring universal access to its services, public spaces and buildings across the entire county. Louth Anti-Racism and Diversity Plan (ARD) The ARD plan is an inter-agency county-wide three year action plan to provide strategic direction and leadership in countering racism and in developing a more inclusive, intercultural society in the county. Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy The Sports and Recreation Strategy, aims to increase the level of general participation in sport and physical activity over the period Cooley Walking Strategy 2009 This strategy identifies maps and promotes walking routes in the Cooley Peninsula. County Louth Economic Development Strategy In assessing Louth s economic strengths and weaknesses, this strategy identifies economic opportunities, potential funding sources and the mechanisms and challenges facing the county. Retail Strategy for County Louth 2009 The primary aims of this strategy are to promote a vibrant retail sector, protect the viability and vitality of existing town centres and ensure access to convenient centres of retailing in new residential areas. Louth Age Friendly County Strategy 2009 This strategy aims to increase the participation of older people in the community, improve the health and well-being of older people, show how services for older people can be made more responsive, caring, professional and accessible and to lead the way in demonstrating the processes that are required, the benefits to be gained and the lessons to be learned from such an integrated initiative. The impact of these documents and other relevant local plans and strategies which have relevance to development plan policy will be dealt with more specifically under the relevant chapter headings of the Plan. Regard has also been had to the development plans of adjoining local authorities both within and outside the county. These include the Dundalk and Environs Development Plan which is currently being reviewed, the Drogheda Borough Council Development Plan , the Meath County Development Plan , the Monaghan County Development Plan and the Banbridge, Newry and Mourne Area Plan Social Inclusion Despite the relative wealth of the country over the past decade and a rising standard of living, many marginalized groups were left behind. Hence the challenge to counteract this trend has been adopted by the government with renewed impetus and thus social inclusion has come to the forefront of policy. Louth County Development Plan

29 Chapter 1 Introduction Planning for Social Inclusion The Council endeavours to ensure that its policies and objectives are fully inclusive. It aims to: Ensure that as far as possible, access for the less able is provided to all new developments including the council s buildings and services, as detailed in the Louth Local Authorities Disability Implementation Plan Facilitate and promote the Rural Transport Initiative to enable the socially excluded to gain access to employment and services. Facilitate the provision of small-scale enterprise start-up units throughout the county. Encourage the provision of suitable and appropriate accommodation for all, in keeping with Louth s age friendly ethos. Ensuring that new initiatives do not decrease local community access to services through cost or location. Seek to target anti-racism and promote inter-culturalism in accordance with Louth Anti-Racism & Diversity (ARD) Plan To support the implementation of the National Anti poverty Strategy (NAPS) Age Friendly Society In 2007, Dundalk participated in the Age Friendly Cities Project, an initiative piloted by the World Health Organisation along with a selected number of other urban centres across the world. An age-friendly society encourages active ageing. It adapts its structures and services to be accessible to and inclusive of older people with varying needs and capacities and benefits large sections of the population beyond those inhabitants who are elderly. The age friendly approach will also benefit those people with impaired mobility including those with physical disabilities, parents with young children and children themselves. From a planning and land use perspective the study has provided a guide of a broad range of characteristics of the urban landscape and built environment that contribute to age-friendliness. The Checklist of Essential Features of Age-Friendly Cities are set out in appendix 2 of the Plan. The Plan seeks to embraces the age friendly society concept and the policies therein are reflective of the objectives of the Louth Age Friendly County Strategy County Profile County Louth has a rich medieval past and figures prominently in the epic tales of ancient Ireland. It is a county steeped in myth, legend and history, going back to the pre-historical days of the Cattle Raid of Cooley. Later it saw the influence of the Vikings as seen in the name of Carlingford Lough. The most famous conflict was the Battle of the Boyne which occurred in 1690 Louth County Development Plan

30 Chapter 1 Introduction on the outskirts of Drogheda and it has become an integral part of Irish history. Louth s coastline, exceeding 120 kilometres, stretches from the River Boyne in the south of the county to Carlingford Lough in the north. Louth is the smallest county in Ireland; hence it is often referred to as the Wee County. It is also a county of great natural beauty, sought after as an attractive place to live in and a county with many advantages. Louth is a great base for pursuing a range of activities including nature walks, salmon and trout fishing, golf and horse riding. It has many long established traditions which laid the foundations for the success of the present. Louth is now a thriving county with a centre of activity and commerce in the major towns of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer. In the past, industries such as the railway, shoe manufacturing and the brewing industry were very much part of the fabric of the Louth economy. Industry in the county has, however, evolved from being largely heavy engineering to more modern, technologically based work. This new focus set the scene for the development of inward investment, not just in industry but in agriculture as well. In broader terms, the current vibrant economy will mean an expansion of Louth s economic trade while the new impetus for cross-border co-operation provides further opportunity for growth and development. All of these factors are augmented by Louth s strategic location, state-of-the-art infrastructural services and the existence of a primed, skilled and well-educated workforce. There are many long established multi-nationals in the county, which provide excellent employment opportunities and these are complemented by a large number of small companies which have successfully developed with assistance from the County Enterprise Board. Dundalk Institute of Technology has been significant in the development of the technology base in the county and in particular, its Regional Development Centre has helped many companies to develop. Louth has seen considerable development and capital investment over the last decade; in particular Euroroute E01, from Rosslare to Larne, transverses County Louth and the recently completed motorway has transformed travel to Dublin. In excess of 155 million has been spent in the last five years upgrading and providing sewerage schemes in the county. Drainage schemes in Dundalk and Drogheda together with smaller schemes in Carlingford and Dunleer, account for most of the expenditure. Up to date, modern water treatment plants ensure that the drinking water in the county is of the highest quality. Louth County Development Plan

31 Chapter 1 Introduction Other significant developments in recent years include 1.2m improvement works at Clogherhead Harbour with further significant work planned, coastal protection works at a number of locations and the opening of swimming pool and leisure centres in both Drogheda and Dundalk and an annual housing construction programme which is based on quality design. The county is also well served by a fully integrated automated library branch network and the County Museum in Dundalk ensures that our heritage is well documented and displayed while the Arts Office in Dundalk and the Droichead Arts Centre in Drogheda are active in the promotion of the Arts in Louth. Louth Local Authorities record in working with the Voluntary and Community Centre is legendary with 330 groups registered who actively take part in the many campaigns organised by the various local authorities. The sustained high marking by participants in Louth in the National Tidy Towns Competition highlights the success of this partnership approach. 1.9 Population trends for the Future Development of County Louth Population statistics and forecasts are vital for identifying the likely future requirements for the provision of social and physical infrastructure to serve the future needs of the community. Such projections are important in planning terms as they form the basis for policy to provide for future housing, employment, shopping, community and recreational needs. County Louth one of the most populated and urbanised outside of Dublin. This is due to the presence within its borders of two of the largest provincial towns in the country, Dundalk and Drogheda. The population of County Louth has steadily increased in recent years as illustrated in table 1.2. Census figures show that the population of the county was 91,810 in 1986 and 110,896 in 2006, an increase of 20.7%. In the inter-censual period 2002 to 2006 the population grew from 101,821 to 110,894, representing an increase of 8.9 %. This is marginally in excess of the national average of 8.1% for this period. Table 1.2: Population of County Louth 1986 to 2006 Population and Percentage Change Year Pop 91,810 90,724 92, , ,267 % Change + 3.7% -1.2% +1.5% +10.4% +8.9% Source: CSO At sub county level there has been significant variations in growth as illustrated in table 1.3. Many of the county s villages have grown considerably while others have experienced only slight growth. The hinterland of Drogheda has seen the most significant growth, some 53.3% since the last census, which in numerical terms is 1,381 people. Of note is the rise in populations in Mansfieldstown and Drumcar which have seen increases of 41% and 30.9% respectively. Louth County Development Plan

32 Chapter 1 Introduction Table 1.3: Population Changes (excluding Drogheda Borough and Dundalk Town) 2002 to % Change Louth (County Area) 53, Ardee Rural Area 16,055 17, Ardee Rural 2,500 2, Ardee Urban 3,564 4, Castlebellingham 1,338 1, Clonkeen Collon 1,188 1, Dromin Dromiskin 1,956 1, Drumcar 1,372 1, Dunleer 1,787 2, Stabannan Tallanstown Dundalk Rural Area 20,533 22, Ballymascanlan 2,088 2, Barronstown Carlingford 1,334 1, Castlering Castletown (Part) 1,409 1, Creggan Upper Darver Drummullagh 903 1, Dundalk Rural (Part) Faughart Greenore Haggardstown (Part) 4,778 5, Jenkinstown Killanny Louth 1,196 1, Mansfieldstown Rathcor 1,163 1, Ravensdale Louth Rural Area 9,515 12, Clogher 1,814 2, Dysart Monasterboice 1,130 1, Mullary 1,248 1, St.Peter s (Part) 2,641 4, Termonfeckin 2,033 2, Source: CSO Louth County Development Plan

33 Chapter 1 Introduction Map 1.1: Percentage Population Change Source: CSO Age Profile Figure 1 below illustrates graphically the age profile of the county. The proportion of dependants (0-14 and 65 plus) within the population recorded for County Louth in the 2006 census was 32.4%, marginally above that of the State (31.3%) over the same Louth County Development Plan

34 Chapter 1 Introduction period. It is notable, that since the early 1990 s the numbers in the lower cohort 0 to 14 years have been increasing. This will impact on the level of provision of childcare, education and other youth facilities needed. The working age group is defined as those persons recorded within the age cohorts. The table below illustrates the large numbers of the population within the working age cohorts. For Louth County this was recorded at 67% for 2006 while the figure for the state was significantly lower at 58.7%. The proportion of the population within the working age cohorts suggests that there is a large available labour force within the county. This also has implications for the provision of housing, services, community facilities and employment provision. Figure 1.1: Distribution of Population, by Age and Sex in Co. Louth, Age Groups Female number Male number Number of People Source: CSO Population Growth In February 2007, the Department of Environment, Heritage & Local Government (DoEHLG) revised the National Spatial Strategy population target figures. The revised figures contained within the circular National and Regional Population Projections indicated that population growth was well ahead of that projected during the preparation of both the National Spatial Strategy and thereafter, the Regional Planning Guidelines in Louth County Development Plan

35 Chapter 1 Introduction The Border Regional Authority revised its population projections accordingly in 2007, having regard to the revised DoEHLG figures and estimated that the population of the Border Region will be approximately 590,359 by the year The Authority then adjusted the figures on a county by county basis and the relevant figures for County Louth are set out in tables 1.4 and 1.5 below. These revised figures reflect the growth potential within the county both with and without the application of the NSS target figures. Table 1.4: County and Settlement Growth Projections Applying regional growth Figures and excluding NSS Population Targets Year County Louth 111, , , ,531 Drogheda Primary Development Centre and Environs (Louth only) 30,303 33,306 36,246 38,272 Source: CSO Census 2006, Volume 1 Table 1.5: Projected Growth Figures for Dundalk and Drogheda applying regional growth Figures and including NSS Settlement Targets Year Dundalk Gateway and Environs 35,085 52,035 57,759 63,354 Drogheda Primary Development Centre and Environs (Louth only) 30,303 52,053 57,759 60,000 Source: Border Regional Authority 2007 Whereas the figures outlined in table 1.4 above, would seem to be reasonable and reflect current trends, it is considered that the adjusted figures in respect of the NSS targets contained in table 1.5, are significantly overstated and unlikely to be achieved. In December 2008, the Central Statistic Office issued revised regional population projection for the period 2011 to These revised figures suggest that the population of the region will be as set out in table 1.6 below: Table 1.6: Projected Population for the Border Region 2011 to , , , ,000 Source: CSO December 2008 Louth County Development Plan

36 Chapter 1 Introduction The above figures are not broken down on a county basis. This is will be done in the review of the Regional Planning Guidelines which is currently under way. However for the purposes of the Plan, it is necessary to estimate what proportion of the population growth projected for the region will occur in County Louth. The population of the Border Region and County Louth in 2006 was 468,475 and 111, 267 respectively. The percentage of the total population within the six border counties that resided in county Louth in 2006 was 23.8%. By applying the same percentage to the CSO projections, the population of Louth would be as set out in table 1.7. Table 1.7: Projected Population for County Louth 2011 to , , , ,896 Source: CSO December 2008 Whilst the above projections are considered realistic, it is accepted that the changed economic circumstances could have a negative impact resulting in an actual population less than that projected. On the other hand, the continued implementation of the National Spatial Strategy and the potential for continued significant growth in both Dundalk and Drogheda could have a positive impact that would result in the above projections being exceeded particularly if the Regional Planning Guidelines projection of 60,000 for Dundalk and Drogheda were to be achieved. Whilst it remains the policy of the council to support the growth of Dundalk and Drogheda in accordance with NSS and RPGs targets, it is accepted that the 60,000 figure is unlikely to be reached by the year Having regard to the projected population figures above table 1.8 below illustrates the target population allocation within the settlement hierarchy. Table 1.8: Target Population Allocation Existing population 2006 Projected population 2016 Increase % Increase Louth County 111, ,900 19, Dundalk and 35,085 42,300 7, Environs Drogheda and 35,090 42,108 7, Environs * Ardee 4,301 4, Dunleer 2,340 2, Category I 10,022 11,746 1, Settlements Category II Settlements and Rural areas** 24,429 27,506 3, (Figures based on DOE and Border Regional Authority s Minimum Target Population) * Figures include Drogheda Borough and the Northern and Southern Environs.)The existing and projected populations of the southern environs are 4,787 and 6,735 respectively. Louth County Development Plan

37 Chapter 1 Introduction **It is anticipated that a significant proportion of this population will be accommodated within the settlements. Louth County Development Plan

38 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage 2.1 Introduction The Louth County Development Plan did much to highlight the County s rich architectural heritage and archaeology. This included the designation of protected structures and architectural conservation areas. The council actively promoted an integrated and pragmatic approach to the conservation of historic buildings and in so doing increased the appreciation of our architectural heritage by promoting best practice, disseminating information, and looking at buildings within their wider context. The highest standards of conservation practice were encouraged through the provision of grant-aid, advice and information. This has resulted in County Louth, by and large, retaining its rich legacy of built forms, all of which ultimately contribute to economic regeneration by attracting outside visitors and highlighting the county s heritage value. 2.2 Wider Benefits of Maintaining a Quality Natural and Built Heritage Our built and natural heritage, whilst having its own high intrinsic value to the nation as a whole, also increasingly has an economic value based on its potential to attract visitor spend to particular areas. This is especially true of County Louth with its high concentration of both natural and manmade heritage attractors, all located within a relatively small area and within easy reach of the large urban markets of both Dublin and Belfast. The Fáilte Ireland Statement of Strategy notes that the future tourist market is likely to bring more active older travellers seeking quality experiences and with an interest in heritage, culture and environmentallybased tourism. The market, in general, is likely to want short breaks, city breaks and customised holidays, tailored to personal leisure or activity interests. It is vital that the development plan protects the sensitive natural and built environment as a vital component of Louth s appeal as a tourist destination. 2.3 Natural Heritage and Biodiversity Louth contains numerous natural assets including an extensive coastline stretching from Carlingford Lough to the Boyne Estuary, marine environments, wetlands, woodlands, rivers and upland habitats. Together, these support a rich variety of plant and animal species. The county is an important destination for wildlife, with Dundalk Bay being the top internationally important location for migratory wading birds in Ireland. An area equivalent to more than a seventh of the county, including marine and tidal areas, such as the Boyne Estuary, is designated under Irish and European Louth County Development Plan

39 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage legislation for wildlife protection. In addition some of the upland areas in the Cooley peninsula are recognised as being some of the most beautiful and unspoilt in the country. These resources define the county s character. In many cases, they are non-renewable and are becoming increasingly vulnerable due to infrastructure and development needs. It is considered that their unsustainable usage would cause irreparable damage to the county s economic prospects in the long term. The Plan has a fundamental role in facilitating development whilst protecting and enhancing the natural and built environment Heritage Heritage is defined under the Heritage Act 1995 as items such as monuments, archaeological objects, heritage objects, architectural heritage, flora, fauna, wildlife habitats, landscapes, seascapes, wrecks, geology, heritage gardens and parks and inland waterways. The National Heritage Plan 2002 sets out a vision for the management of the National Heritage and its aim is to ensure the protection of our heritage and to promote its enjoyment by all. A key objective of the National Heritage Plan is to promote the role that local communities play in protecting and enhancing local heritage. This is achieved through the preparation and adoption of local heritage plans by the local authority in which the public have an opportunity to input Louth Heritage Plan The Louth Heritage Plan is a strategic framework plan which aims to coordinate the conservation, management and sympathetic development of the county s heritage. It comprises a five year joint work plan for a partnership of many individuals and organisations with an involvement in Louth s heritage. These projects include to date: A conservation plan for Drogheda s Town Walls and other defences A conservation and management plan for Carlingford s Town Walls and other defences, and Louth County Development Plan

40 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Louth Biodiversity Action Plan, CON 1 CON 2 CON 3 CON 4 CON 5 CON 6 CON 7 To promote the implementation of the Louth Heritage Plan. To promote greater involvement by landowners in the conservation of Special Areas of Conservation (SACs), proposed Natural Heritage Areas (pnhas) and Special Protection Areas (SPAs). To raise awareness of the value of biodiversity and gather important information on the ecology of species and habitats. To promote the designation of sites of geological interest as Natural Heritage Areas. To promote the protection of the landscape through the implementation of the Louth Landscape Character Assessment. To consider the designation of Landscape Conservation Areas to protect specific important landscapes. To co-operate with the Regional Planning Authority and adjoining local authorities, public agencies and community interests to protect regionally significant heritage assets, environmental quality and to identify threats to existing environmental quality in a transboundary context throughout the region. 2.4 Landscape Character Assessment Ireland ratified the European landscape Convention in 2002 and must adopt national measures to promote landscape planning, protection and management. In 2002, a landscape character assessment was completed for the entire county outside the major towns. This assessment was prepared in accordance with the Government s Draft Guidelines for Landscape and Landscape Assessment (2000).The aim of these guidelines is to: Heighten the awareness of the importance of landscape in all aspects of physical planning Provide guidance to planners and to others, as to how landscape considerations should be dealt with in development management decisions Indicate specific requirements for development plans and development centres. Nine landscape character areas were identified in County Louth. They represent geographical areas with a particular landscape type or types, and are listed in table 2.1 and identified on map 2.1 below. Table 2.1: Landscape Area Classification International National Regional Carlingford Lough and Mountains including West Feede Uplands Boyne and Mattock Valley Dundalk Bay Coast, Dunany to Boyne Estuary Coast, Uplands of Collon and Monasterboice Louth County Development Plan

41 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Local Cooley Lowlands and Coastal Area Lower Faughart. Castletown and Flurry River Basins, Louth Drumlin and Lake Areas Muirhevna Plain Map 2.1: Landscape Character Areas Source: Landscape Character Assessment 2002, Louth County Council The classification of each landscape character area is based on a matrix of the following factors: 1. Landscape quality the interactions of the landscape and the condition of features and elements. 2. Scenic quality landscapes which appeal primarily to the visual senses. 3. Rarity the presence of rare features and elements in the landscape. 4. Conservation Interests the presence of features and particular wildlife, earth science, archaeological, historical and cultural interest which can add to the value of a landscape as well as having value in their own right. Louth County Development Plan

42 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage 5. Wildness the presence of wild character within the landscape which makes a particular contribution to a sense of place. 6. Recreational opportunity the degree of open-air recreation within the landscape in proximity to centres of population. 7. Cultural association with particular people, artists, writers, historical events, legends etc. 8. Tranquillity relates to low levels of built environment, traffic, noise and where artificial lighting (public and private) is at a minimum. 9. Stakeholder representative whether the landscape contains a particular character and/or features and elements which are felt by stakeholders to be worthy of representation (stakeholder describes the entire range of individuals and groups who have an interest in the landscape). Agriculture, increased population, forestry, rural housing, new roads, industrial and commercial development, tourism and recreation, overhead lines, telecommunication masts, wind farms, and quarrying are perceived in this study as the major forces for change in these rural landscapes. CON 8 CON 9 To afford protection to the landscapes and natural environments of the county, by permitting only those forms of development that are considered sustainable in rural areas and do not unduly damage or take from the character of the landscape or natural environment. To co-operate with adjoining local authorities, both north and south of the border, to ensure that the environment is maintained in a sustainable manner and to support the co-ordinated designation of sensitive landscapes and policy approaches with adjoining areas and on all aspects of environmental protection particularly where transboundary environmental vulnerabilities are identified. 2.5 Biodiversity Biodiversity or biological diversity refers to the whole variety of life on earth. It includes habitats and ecosystems, covering all plants, animals and micro-organisms both on land and in water. It relates to both wildlife and domesticated crops and animals EU on Biodiversity Over the last 25 years, the European Union has built up a vast network of over 26,000 protected areas covering all the Member States and a total area of around 850,000 km², representing more than 20% of total EU territory. This vast array of sites, known as the Natura 2000 Network - the largest coherent network of protected areas in the world, is a testament to the importance that the EU attaches to biodiversity. The legal basis for the Natura 2000 Network comes from the Birds Directive which dates back to 1979 and the Habitats Directive from Together these Directives constitute the backbone of the EU's internal policy on biodiversity protection. Louth County Development Plan

43 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage The Convention on Biological Diversity, which Ireland has signed and ratified and the National Biodiversity Plan aim to halt the loss of biodiversity by The National Biodiversity Plan 2002 requires all local authorities to prepare local biodiversity plans. The Biodiversity Action Plan for Louth sets out five main objectives: To create a system for the protection of local biodiversity areas To integrate biodiversity and local authority activities To raise awareness and appreciation To gather information on Louth s natural resources To monitor the effectiveness of the Biodiversity Action Plan. CON 10 To promote and develop the objectives of the Biodiversity Action Plan for Louth The Natural Environment Local Amenities Local open spaces provide essential visual breaks in built up areas, contribute to local amenity, can assist in nature conservation and are capable of meeting recreational and community needs. It is important, not only to protect open space from inappropriate development, but also to ensure that opportunities are taken to improve their amenity value and increase public access and use Proposed Natural Heritage Areas (pnha) The National Parks and Wildlife Service has proposed twenty-four NHAs in the county. NHAs are sites that support elements of our natural heritage which are unique or are of outstanding importance at a national level. These are listed in table 2.2 and identified on map 2.2. The process of designation of these sites is ongoing, with new sites being added and boundaries of existing sites adjusted. It is anticipated that a number of proposed NHAs will be given full designated status during the course of this plan. Louth County Development Plan

44 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Map 2.2: Location and Extent of proposed Natural Heritage Areas Louth County Development Plan

45 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Table 2.2: Proposed Natural Heritage Areas Ref. NH1454 NH1801 NH1293 NH1957 NH1862 NH452 NH453 NH1458 NH1459 NH1461 NH1462 NH1856 NH 455 NH1806 NH1804 NH1451 NH1616 NH1464 NH1805 NH1828 NH456 NH1803 NH1468 NH1465 Location Ardee cutaway bog Barmeath Woods Blackhall Woods Boyne coast and estuary Boyne river islands Carlingford Lough Carlingford Mountains Castlecoo Hill Clogherhead Darver Castle woods Drumcah, Toprass and Cortial Loughs Dunany Point Dundalk Bay Kildemock Marsh King Williams Glen Liscarragh Marsh Louth Hall and Ardee Woods Mellifont Abbey Woods Ravensdale Plantation Reaghstown Marsh Stabannan- Braganstown Stephenstown Pond Trumpet Hill Woodland at Omeath Park CON 11 To resist any development that would be harmful to or that would result in a significant deterioration of habitats or disturbance of species Sites of Geological Interest The National Parks and Wildlife Service and the Geological Heritage Programme acting in partnership, have selected the most important candidate geological sites in the county. Some of these candidate sites will eventually become Natural Heritage areas but others will only qualify as County Geological Sites or Local Biodiversity Areas. The location of these sites is illustrated on map 2.3 in appendix 3. Louth County Development Plan

46 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Table 2.3: Candidate sites of Geological Interest Ref. G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13 G14 G15 G16 G17 G18 G19 G20 G21 G22 G23 G24 G25 G26 G27 G28 G29 G30 G31 G32 G33 G34 Location Oriel Brook, Collon Clogherhead Collon Quarry Tullyallen Quarry Mapastown Dunany Point Cooley Point Cloghmore Carlingford Port Lins Moraine, Dundalk Bay Rathmore Complex Drakestown Tullyallen Castlebellingham Shore Dundalk Bay Trumpet Hill Dromeena Quarry Salterstown Windy Gap at Carlingford Rampark Cooley Castle Quarry Clogher Head Lamprophyre Barnavave Hill Slieve Foy Barnavave Quarry Mullaghattin John s Castle Rosemount Quarry Templetown Raised Beach Greenore Ardee Moraine Ridges Castlebellingham Morainic Complex Bush Delta CON 12 To promote awareness and protect, where appropriate, areas of geological interest. Louth County Development Plan

47 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage European Sites Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) have been established under the EU Habitats Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EC 21/5/1992). These are the prime wildlife conservation areas in the country which are considered to be important on a European as well as Irish level. County Louth contains six SACs which are listed in the table 2.4 and illustrated on map 2.4. Map 2.4: Location and Extent of SACs Louth County Development Plan

48 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Table 2.4: Special Areas of Conservation Carlingford Shore Carlingford Mountain Dundalk Bay Clogherhead Boyne Coast and Estuary River Boyne and River Blackwater CON 13 To ensure that an appropriate assessment* of the implications of any proposed development on a SAC or development likely to impact on a SAC that is outside the designated area or any other SAC identified during the period of this plan is undertaken in view of the site s conservation objectives. CON 14 To resist any development that would be harmful or that would result in a significant deterioration of habitats or disturbance of species in a SAC. *Appropriate assessment in this instance refers for the requirement of an assessment of the proposal by suitably qualified persons. The European Community Birds Directive (Council Directive 79/409/EEC) requires member states to preserve a sufficient diversity of habitats for wild birds to maintain populations which are listed as rare, vulnerable or regularly occurring migratory species. This is to be achieved through the designation of Special Protection Areas. County Louth has four SPAs which are listed in table 2.5 and illustrated by map 2.5. Louth County Development Plan

49 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Map 2.5: Location and Boundaries of SPAs Table 2.5: Special Protection Areas Ref. No. Location 452 Carlingford Lough 455 Dundalk Bay 456 Stabannan and Braganstown 1957 Boyne Estuary Louth County Development Plan

50 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage CON 15 To ensure that an appropriate assessment* of the implications of any proposed development on a SPA or development likely to impact on a SPA that is outside the designated area or any other SPA identified during the period of this plan is undertaken in view of the sites conservation objectives Trees and Woodlands Trees and woodlands contribute greatly to Louth s natural landscape and biodiversity. They provide visual amenity in the rural and urban environment, shelter and clean air and play a significant role in carbon storage. Our native woods are habitats for species that have survived many centuries. The National Parks and Wildlife Service and the Forest Service have commissioned a National Survey of Native Woodland in Ireland. Over the centuries, conversion of woodland to agricultural farmland has resulted in the near total removal of this habitat in Louth. Today, only 0.18% of the land cover of Louth is considered native woodland. Louth has one of the lowest coverage of native woodlands in Ireland. The Tree Council of Ireland and the Irish Tree Society initiated the Tree Register of Ireland (TROI) project in 1999 with the aim of compiling a database of trees in Ireland. Eight Champion Trees were identified in the county area as part of this project. It is considered that these trees are of significant environmental value to the county and that such trees should be protected from development pressure where necessary. Table 2.6 details champion trees located in Louth. Table 2.6: Champion Trees Species Location Dimensions Cedrus libani Red House, Ardee 1.5 m 36 m (Cedar of Lebanon) Fagus sylvatica Atropurpurea Red House, Ardee 1.3 m m (Copper Beech) Juglans regia Red House, Ardee 0.6 m 22m (Walnut) Abies procera Glauca Red House, Ardee 1.5 m 39 m. Group (Noble Fir) Liriodendron tulipifera Red House, Ardee 1.5 m 23m (Tulip Tree) Cedrus deodara Red House, Ardee 1.5 m 31.30m (Deodar Cedar) Cryptomeria japonica Elegans Group (Japanese Red Cedar) Castlebellingham 0.8 m m. Ilex aquifolium (Holly) Red House, Ardee 1.5 m m. Source: Tree Register of Ireland Louth County Development Plan

51 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage The Planning and Development Act 2000 sets out the legal framework and procedures to make a tree preservation order (TPO). The council has made two TPOs and currently proposes two. Their locations are listed in table 2.7. Table 2.7 Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders Ref. TPO1 TPO2 TP03* TP04* *Proposed Location Fox Covert, Ardee Ardee Golf Club Red House Ardee Mell, Drogheda Map 2.6: Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders Louth County Development Plan

52 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Table 2.8: Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value Ref. TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5 TP6 TP7 TP8 TP9 TP10 TP11 TP12 TP13 TP14 TP15 TP16 TP17 TP18 TP19 TP20 TP21 TP22 TP23 TP24 TP25 TP26 TP27 TP28 TP29 TP30 TP31 TP32 Location Townley Hall / King William s Glen Termonfeckin Village N1 at Aghnaskeagh N1 north of Greenore junction Trumpet Hill Monvallet east of ESB station Red House, Ardee Fox Covert, Ardee St. Joseph, Ardee Mullaghesh, Collon Barmeath Woods Blackhall Woods Darver Castle Woods Louth Hall Mellifont Abbey Woods Ravensdale Plantation Woodlands at Omeath Park Salterstown Drumcar Beaulieu Drogheda Baltray Road Newtown House Church at Milltown Lisrenny House, Tallanstown Rathbrist House, Tallanstown Corderry House, Readypenny Stephenstown Pond Ballymakenny Church South of Killineer Piperstown House North of Mount Oriel The Rectory, Ardee The locations of the above are illustrated on below on map 2.7. Louth County Development Plan

53 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Map 2.7: Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value Louth County Development Plan

54 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage CON 16 CON 17 CON 18 CON 19 CON 20 To protect trees and woodlands of special amenity value and where appropriate put in place tree preservation orders for this purpose. To investigate the feasibility of carrying out a survey of all trees of special amenity value within the county. To require an assessment of the implications of any proposed development on significant trees and hedgerows and streams located on lands that are being considered for development. Survey and protection procedures detailed in the appendix 10 will be required by the council. To increase deciduous native tree coverage in the county by promoting the planting of suitable trees along public roads, residential streets, parks and other areas of open space. To promote such initiatives as private and community driven tree planting schemes. 2.7 The Built Environment Support for the preservation and enhancement of Louth s built heritage is an important objective of the Plan. County Louth contains an extensive variety of built heritage sites and a rich archaeological resource of monuments. These range from megalithic tombs, souterrains, ring forts, mottes and ecclesiastical sites, to architectural heritage of notable town centre buildings, tower houses, churches, country houses, demesnes and vernacular buildings. The county also contains many items of industrial heritage such as mills, road and rail bridges and associated infrastructure Archaeology Archaeological remains constitute important evidence of Louth s past and are a finite and fragile resource, very vulnerable to modern development and land use changes. The council considers that the archaeology of the county is an important asset and that its preservation is a legitimate objective against which the needs of development must be carefully balanced and assessed. The archaeological heritage consists of known and, as yet unidentified sites, monuments, objects and environmental evidence. These include round towers, high crosses, burial sites, ringforts, tower houses and souterrains. There are three categories of monuments under the National Monuments Acts, These include: National monuments in the ownership or guardianship of the Minister or a local authority or national monuments which are subject to a preservation order Historic monuments or archaeological areas recorded in the Register of Historic Monuments Monuments or places recorded in the Record of Monuments and Places. Louth County Development Plan

55 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage The Record of Monuments and Places of County Louth contains the location of all Recorded Monuments which are protected under the National Monuments Acts. Within County Louth, there are some 2000 recorded monuments. In addition there are eleven Areas of Special Archaeological Interest, which in some cases, are extensive and cover, for example, the historic core of towns. These archaeological features are afforded protection under the National Monuments Acts. County Louth contains eleven Areas of Special Archaeological Interest. The locations of these are listed in table 2.9 and mapped in appendix 4. Table 2.9: Areas of Special Archaeological Interest Ref. AR1 AR2 AR3 AR4 AR5 AR6 AR7 AR8 AR9 AR10 AR11 Location Ardee Collon Carlingford Dunleer Louth Village Termonfeckin Dromiskin Grange Castlering Castleroche Newtown Monasterboice CON 21 CON 22 To ensure that any development, both above and below ground, adjacent to a site of special archaeological interest shall not be detrimental to the character of the archaeological site or its setting and be sited and designed with care to protect the monument and its setting. Within Areas of Special Archaeological Interest and other sites of archaeological potential, the council will require applicants to include an assessment of the likely archaeological potential as part of the planning application and may require that an on site assessment is carried out by trial work prior to a decision on a planning application being taken Protected Structures The planning authority recognises the importance of protecting historic buildings which are a unique and special resource. The Planning and Development Act requires every development plan to include a record of protected structures (RPS) or parts of structures which are part of the architectural heritage and which are of special architectural, historical, archaeological, artistic, cultural, scientific, social or technical interest. Louth County Development Plan

56 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage County Louth is fortunate in having a large number of structures that are considered to be of special interest. A number of these, including Townley Hall, Rokeby Hall, Barmeath Castle, Bellurgan House and Beaulieu House are of national importance. This Plan contains a total of 659 protected structures. On the recommendation of the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government 323 additional structures have been added. An additional 78 structures recommended by the Minister are to be considered under Barmeath Castle Section 55 of the Planning and Development Act, A further 23 structures have been removed the RPS and the removal of a further 28 is to be considered under Section 55. Details of these are set out in Volume 2. A protected structure, unless otherwise stated in the Register of Protected Structures (RPS), includes the exterior and interior of the structure, the land lying within its curtilage, any other structures and their interiors lying within that curtilage, plus all fixtures and fittings which form part of the interior or exterior of any of these structures. An up-to-date RPS, incorporating any additions or deletions within the lifetime of the Plan, will be maintained on the council s website or can be checked in the council s offices. Structures may be added to the RPS outside of the Plan review process without the requirement to Beaulieu House make a variation of the Plan. Developers and persons proposing to purchase buildings are advised to check the updated RPS. Proposals for works to protected structures should be: Accompanied by appropriate documentation as described in the Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines for Planning Authorities of the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, to enable a proper assessment of the proposed works and their impact on the structure or area. In keeping with the character of the building and to preserve the special architectural or historical character and any features they possess Of a quality of design and sympathic in terms of scale and form to the original building and in the use of materials and other details of the period and style. Louth County Development Plan

57 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Carried out in accordance with DoEHLG Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines for Planning Authorities and best practice and supervised by an appropriately qualified professional. CON 23 To permit the deletion of structures from the Register of Protected Structures and the demolition or significant modification of a protected structure, only in exceptional circumstances. CON 24 To ensure that new development either adjacent to or at a distance from a protected structure shall complement and be sympathic to the structure or its setting in terms of its design, scale, height, massing, alignment and use of material. CON 25 To encourage the retention, sympathetic reuse and rehabilitation of protected structures and their settings Architectural Conservation Areas Whitestown The Planning and Development Act 2000 empowers the planning authority to designate architectural conservation areas (ACAs), where it is of the view that this designation is necessary for the preservation of the character of a place, area, group of structures or townscape which is of special interest or contributes to the appreciation of protected structures. The following ACAs were designated in the previous plan: 1. Salterstown 2. Whitestown 3. Newtown Monasterboice 4. Collon (part of) 5. Ardee (part of) 6. Monasterboice Monastic site 7. Carlingford (part of) 8. Castlebellingham 9. Greenore Milltown* * It is proposed to remove Milltown from this designation as it is considered that the buildings within it are afforded adequate protection as they are listed in the RPS. The boundaries of the nine ACAs are defined on maps contained in appendix 5. A brief character appraisal and objectives particular to each area accompanies each map. Louth County Development Plan

58 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage CON 26 To require that any development within or affecting an ACA preserves or enhances the character and appearance of the architectural conservation areas. Any development should respect the character of the existing architecture in scale, design and materials. CON 27 To ensure that the redevelopment of the towns of historic interest including Ardee, Carlingford, Collon, Termonfeckin and Dunleer, includes the retention of existing street layout, historic building lines and traditional plot widths where these derive from medieval or earlier origins. CON 28 To retain any building in an ACA that makes a positive contribution to the character or appearance of the area. CON 29 To require that any development proposal takes account of the council s specific ACA objectives contained in appendix 5. CON 30 To require that any new development on the periphery of Whitestown, Newtown Monasterboice and Salterstown does not detract from the existing character of the designated ACA. and to prepare village design statements Heritage Gardens and Designed Landscapes Louth has a rich heritage of gardens and designed landscaped gardens. The National Inventory of Architectural Heritage has conducted a survey which has listed some seventy - four heritage gardens and designed landscapes within County Louth. These are listed in table Fieldwork is now in progress to compile more accurate data and site assessments. Care needs to be taken to ensure that these gardens and parks are protected from encroaching or adjacent development. Louth County Development Plan

59 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Table 2.10: Heritage Gardens and Designed landscapes Anaverna Ardee House Arthurstown House Ballymascanlan House Barmeath Barronstown Rectory Beaulieu House Bellurgan House Beltichburne Black Hall Braganstown House Burnhill House Carstown Castle Bellingham Castletown Castle Catherines Grove Charleville Claret Rock House Clermont Clonaleenaghan House Collon Corbollis House Corderry House Darver Castle Derryfalone House Drumcar Drummullagh Dunany House Dundalk Park Fairhill House Falmore House Fane Valley Faughart House Glebe House, Arthurstown Glebe House, Millockstown Glebe House, Kilsaran Grange House Greenmount Lodge Harristown House Killin House Killineer House Kiltallaght House Lisnawully House Lisrenny House Listoke House Louth Hall Maine House Milestown House Monasterboice Monavallett Mooremount House Mount Bailey Mount Pleasant Newtown House Newtown House Nootka Lodge Philipstown Prospect Rath House Rathcoole House Rathescar Ravensdale House Ravensdale Lodge Red House Rohanna House Rokeby Hall Shortstone House Smarmore Castle Stephenstown House Stone House Thistle Lodge Thomastown Castle Townley Hall Williamstown House Kiltallaght House Lisnawully House Louth County Development Plan

60 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage CON 31 To ensure that new development will not adversely affect the site, setting or views to and from heritage gardens and designed landscapes Vernacular Architectural Heritage Traditionally each country, region and locality had its own distinctive styles for everyday buildings, suited to its particular climate and environment and built using materials which were readily available in the locality. These styles reflect the way of life of the people of the area and are known as vernacular. Vernacular architecture comes from the ordinary people and follows time-honoured patterns and practices whose reasons and origins may be long forgotten. It is an expression of the culture of a community and of cultural diversity. Vernacular structures are extremely vulnerable due to the changing needs and demands of the modern generation and are facing serious problems of becoming obsolete. Thatched buildings in particular and traditional farm buildings are under increasing threat as they are seen to be no longer economically viable on the modern farm. Generally these structures are of mud-wall or rubble stone construction with external lime renders. In some cases, the agricultural outbuildings belonging to large estates are of fine cut stone, with excellent detailing of features. CON 32 To encourage the protection, restoration and appreciation of the vernacular architectural heritage of Louth in both the towns and rural areas of the county. CON 33 To promote and protect established public rights of way to heritage sites and features of archaeological interest, coastal areas, mountains, rivers, lakes, geological and geomorphic systems and other natural amenities. Louth County Development Plan

61 Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage Louth County Development Plan

62 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources 3.1 Introduction Sustainable and diversified development in rural areas is key to keeping the countryside alive and prospering. The rural areas of the county are changing rapidly as a result of the changing nature of farming and the demands of modern agricultural practices, the impact of the growing demand for one-off houses in the countryside and the recreational needs of urban based populations. The increase in off-farm employment and trends towards rural diversification are becoming increasingly important and necessary to sustain rural communities. 3.2 National and Regional National Spatial Strategy The National Spatial Strategy outlines the future potential of rural areas beyond traditional uses and suggests how alternative employment can be developed by building on local strengths in tourism, agriculture, enterprise, local services and land based natural resources. In excess of 10 billion has been allocated nationally to rural communities under the National Development Plan Regional Planning Guidelines for the Border Region The Regional Planning Guidelines for the Border Region recognise the importance of building on the indigenous strengths of the rural areas in order to achieve balanced regional growth. In terms of agriculture and rural development, new approaches towards agri-tourism, organic farming and eco-tourism may provide the way forward for many farmers in the region, who are facing a decline in income and seeking opportunities for off-farm supplementation Rural Development Programme The Rural Development Programme is based on the EU framework for Rural Development and on the National Rural Development Strategy. The programme for Ireland sets three main priorities: Louth County Development Plan

63 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Improving the competitiveness of the agricultural sector Improving the environment of the countryside by supporting sustainable land management practices Improving the quality of life in rural areas and encouraging diversification of economic activity. Under the Rural Development Programme , much of the Border Region is classed under one of the five broad rural area types, namely Areas that are Changing. These are areas where population and agricultural employment are in decline and where replacement employment is required. This programme suggests that to complete the picture, another category of rural areas should be recognised namely Peri-urban Areas. These are defined as areas close to and under the influence of, main urban centres. Features of such areas include high population densities and levels of commuting to work with relatively low reliance on farming. Much of County Louth falls into this classification. The council recognises that the restructuring of agriculture, through diversification, is crucial to sustaining the rural economy of Louth and as such, the council will endeavour to facilitate these changes. RD 1 To support the implementation of the policies identified in the NSS, Regional Planning Guidelines and Rural Development Programme pertaining to the sustainable and balanced development of County Louth s rural areas CLAR Programme (Ceantair Laga Árd- Riachtanais) The CLÁR programme is a targeted investment programme for rural areas which experienced a decline of more than 35% in population since the foundation of the State. Whilst County Louth did not experience such declines, the Cooley Peninsula area of the county was included in the programme due to the serious impact of the foot and mouth outbreak in 2001 which resulted in the total de-stocking of animal herds in the area. CLÁR contains a range of measures to accelerate the development of physical, community and social infrastructure which would have a clear benefit in terms of employment creation, thus providing opportunities for local people who otherwise would have limited employment opportunities. These measures include village, community and school enhancement projects and the provision and improvements to broadband, roads, water supply and sewerage Louth County Development Plan

64 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources infrastructure. The programme has had a significant influence on leveraging further funding from other public and community sources. Map 3.1: CLÁR Area, County Louth Source: RD 2 To continue to co-operate with the County Development Board to implement the CLÁR Programme in the Cooley Area Rural Environmental Protection Scheme (REPS) The Rural Environmental Protection Scheme (REPS) was first introduced by the Department of Agriculture in It is designed to reward farmers for carrying out farming activities in an environmentally friendly manner and to bring about environmental improvements on farms. The REP scheme aims to protect the rural environment through sensitive farm management. It requires the modification of existing farm practices by farmers which are detailed in a plan specific to each farm. These are prepared by a planning agency approved by the Department of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. Louth County Development Plan

65 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources The numbers of farmers participating in the scheme nationally increased from 42,500 to almost 60,000 between 2005 and Almost 30 million was paid to participants in In Louth, the number of participants increased from 303 farmers in 1998 to 408 farmers in 2007, which accounts for only 1% of the national figure. A possible reason for the low uptake in Louth is that REPS, as it currently operates, does not suit livestock and tillage farming. Aside from the Cooley Peninsula, much of County Louth is characterized by intensive livestock, tillage and horticultural production. Nevertheless, the council recognises that the REPS scheme is important both financially and environmentally to the county. RD 3 To encourage farmers in the county to participate in the REPS scheme in the interests of environmental protection and the safeguarding of sensitive and vulnerable rural landscapes. 3.3 Rural Development Strategy The council s rural development strategy is based on promoting sustainable rural development aimed at maintaining vibrant and viable rural communities while also seeking to protect the amenity, recreational and heritage value of the rural landscapes and countryside of the county. The implementation of the settlement strategy, as set out in chapter 4 and the conservation and protection measures in chapter 2 are considered to be essential towards achieving this aim. The designation of settlements with agreed development boundaries enables the council to promote the strengthening of villages and settlements and to provide for the development of rural communities. Agriculture, natural resources and rural enterprises make a major contribution to the economic and social stability of County Louth and as such should be maintained and promoted in the interest of the economic, social and environmental sustainability of rural communities Rural Enterprise The development of rural enterprise and employment opportunities will be vital to sustain the rural economy. The location of such enterprise and employment opportunities will be encouraged throughout the county in locations and at a scale which are considered appropriate. In the settlement hierarchy (as detailed in chapter 4), those towns which comprise levels 1 and 2, namely Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer, include considerable tracts of lands zoned for commercial, industrial and employment uses. Large scale commercial development will be directed to these serviceable sites. Such uses will not be considered appropriate in unserviced rural locations given their implications on traffic safety, damage to road structure by heavy vehicles and visual and residential amenity. Many of the settlements at level 3 also have lands zoned for business and Louth County Development Plan

66 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources employment uses which have the potential of providing a spread of employment opportunities throughout the county. However, it is recognised that certain commercial activities, industrial activities and strategic infrastructure may need to be accommodated in rural areas outside of existing settlements. Within designated rural settlements, the council will promote the establishment of small incubator units to accommodate new enterprises. The council will facilitate the development of alternative home based micro enterprises of appropriate nature and scale. RD 4 RD 5 RD 6 RD 7 To secure vibrant and viable rural communities by promoting sustainable development and settlement patterns in rural areas, environmentally friendly agricultural practices and the protection of the natural resources, environment and landscape of the countryside. To encourage the development of alternative rural based enterprises where the scale and nature of such enterprises are not detrimental to the amenity of the area, adjoining dwellings and where the proposal can meet all other planning requirements. To ensure that such new developments do not impinge on areas of special amenity value or on areas designated as sensitive landscapes. To facilitate the location of certain resource based and location specific developments of significant regional or national importance and critical infrastructure projects at suitable locations in rural areas. 3.4 Agriculture Agriculture is an important source of employment and income in rural areas. The county s agricultural land bank is not only a source of value in terms of food production, but also a vital ingredient in the county s character. The 2006 census illustrates that 2.4% of the population of County Louth is employed directly in the agricultural sector. This is equivalent to 1,182 persons. This is a significant a drop from 6% of the population as recorded in the 2002 census of population. Farming is the traditional form of economic activity in rural areas. However, traditional farming methods have undergone significant changes, through increased mechanisation and the emergence of larger commercial farm units. County Louth occupies an area of 82,100 hectares, of which 61, 308 hectares is farmed. In table 3.1 it can be seen that a significant proportion of farms in County Louth, some 47%, operate on farm holdings of less than 20 hectares. The average farm size in the county is 35.1 hectares which is an increase from the average size of 28 hectares in Louth County Development Plan

67 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Table 3.1: Farm Sizes in County Louth Area <10ha 10-20ha 20-30ha 30-50ha ha >100ha No. of Farms (%) of Total Farms 26% 21% 14% 17% 17% 5% Source: Farm practises are experiencing a shift away from traditional agriculture activities such as dairying and livestock farms. Specialist beef production is now the main enterprise on some 36% of farms in County Louth which reflects a national shift to this type of farming. Figure 3.1: Farm Types in County Louth Farm type, Co. Louth (2007) Specialist tillage Specialist dariying 13% 8% 2% 15% 15% Specialised beef production Specilaist sheep 11% Source: CSO 36% Mixed grazing livestock Mixed crops & livestock Other The changing pattern of employment in agriculture in recent years necessitates a new approach to the sustainable use of our countryside. Farm diversification is promoted in both national and regional policy as a means of expanding the rural economy. Teagasc has identified a number of alternative schemes that are considered suitable for farmers to enter into for the purposes of diversification. These include wind farms, production of dairy products (such as cheese and yoghurt), soft fruit production, forestry, horse livery and adventure tourism. Others would include micro enterprises, rural tourism, biomass production, organic food production, horticulture, specialist farming practices such as poultry, mushroom growing, and specialised animal breeding. The council acknowledges that farming will remain as an important economic activity essential for the economic prosperity and well being of rural areas and will facilitate the development of agriculture subject to ensuring the protection of the environment, particularly water resources. Louth County Development Plan

68 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources RD 8 RD 9 RD 10 RD 11 RD 12 RD 13 RD 14 To maintain a vibrant and healthy agricultural sector based on the principles of sustainable agriculture and associated activities as a cornerstone of rural development and prosperity. To facilitate the development of agriculture while ensuring that natural waters, wildlife habitats and conservation areas are protected from pollution. To encourage and facilitate agricultural development whilst ensuring that such development does not result in a negative effect on the scenic amenity of the countryside. To encourage and facilitate agricultural diversification into related agribusinesses subject to the retention of the holding for primarily agricultural use and the proper planning and development of the area. To consider farm-based diversification which is complementary to the farm and is operated as part of the holding. To encourage rural diversification intended to supplement farm incomes such as production of dairy products, soft fruit production, forestry, horse livery, organic food production and specialist farming practices. To encourage farmers to see themselves as custodians of the countryside and the rural landscapes which are valuable to the present and future generations Agricultural Buildings Good quality purpose built agricultural buildings are important to efficient and sustainable agricultural production. Agricultural buildings should be integrated into the countryside. In this respect the colour of materials used is important. Site selection and the maintenance of existing native hedgerows or the planting of new hedgerows is important in terms of screening farm buildings and thus blending these into the landscape in the least obtrusive manner. Proposals for large more intensive agricultural practices may require more stringent consideration, for example, mushroom and poultry units, or piggeries which may have a greater impact on the local roads and the environment. Such applications will be assessed on their merit subject to proper planning and sustainable development criteria. Louth County Development Plan

69 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources RD 15 RD 16 RD 17 To ensure that agricultural buildings are designed and appropriately sited to integrate into the landscape. To ensure that agricultural developments provide adequate waste collection and storage facilities and adhere to all legislation on water quality including the Water Framework Directive, Nitrates Directive and Phosphorus Regulations. To ensure that agricultural developments are designed and constructed in a manner that will ensure that watercourses and sources of potable water are protected from the threat of pollution. Where new agricultural developments are proposed, it will be a requirement that the development is well screened by trees and hedgerows and of a colour which permits the structure to satisfactorily blend into its surroundings. 3.5 Rural Tourism and Coastal Areas Tourism can make a significant contribution to the development of rural areas. It is an aim of the Plan to support rural tourism enterprises that are developed in conjunction with established rural activities and to facilitate the development of agri-tourism. Rural tourism is expanded on in chapter 7 of the Plan. RD 18 To support tourism enterprises that are developed in conjunction with established rural activities and to facilitate the development of agri tourism Coastal areas The coastline of County Louth stretches from the County Down border, through Carlingford Lough, Dundalk Bay and as far south as the Boyne Estuary outside Drogheda. The coastline is of high intrinsic and special amenity value and is home to a variety of natural habitats. Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) and Special Protection Areas (SPA) designations cover much of the coastline. Clogherhead, Port, Templetown and Termonfeckin Strand are superb beaches which have considerable tourism potential. The coastline also contains economically significant sites which include the ports at Drogheda, Greenore, Dundalk and Clogherhead. Louth County Development Plan

70 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources The coastline is susceptible to pressure for development which has the potential to encroach on sensitive sites and cause pollution. The coastal waters off County Louth provide an important resource, supporting and generating employment and recreational activities. It will be important to ensure that measures to offset coastal erosion are provided in the Plan to protect this important resource National Coastal Protection Strategy Study Under the NDP , some 23 million has been allocated for projects to protect the coastline from erosion and to manage the problem of coastal flooding, so as to minimise its impact on the commercial and social activities of coastal communities. The Coastal Protection Programme is administered by the Sea Fisheries Administration Division of the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. The programme funds a number of projects including the Coastal Protection Strategy Study. This study will identify areas at risk from erosion and flooding and will quantify damages likely to arise. In addition, the programme provides part funding for projects identified by the local authorities in areas where the necessity for protection schemes are identified. The council will work closely with the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food in its work to identify and manage the risks associated with coastal flooding Proposed Coastal Protection Measures Subject to the availability of funding, the council will seek to implement the following programme of coastal projects. Table 3.2: Programme of Priority Work for Coastal Areas Priority Location Project 1 Blackrock Sea wall protection. Undermining of wall foundations required as a result of storm damage February Salterstown Repair to road verge required as a result of coastal erosion. 3 Port Beach Protection of beach amenity. 4 Baltray Coastal flooding preventative works 5 Bellurgan Repairs Louth County Development Plan

71 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Development on the Foreshore The Foreshore Acts require that a lease or licence must be obtained from the appropriate government department before undertaking any works or placing structures or materials on, or removal of material from, any state owned foreshore which falls below the high water mark. However, planning permission will be required for any development on the foreshore that is above the high water. RD19 RD 20 RD 21 RD 22 To increase the quality of beaches in the county and in so doing contribute to the development of the tourism industry and to the enjoyment of the facilities. To resist development along the coast which would detract from its visual appearance or conflict with its recreational and leisure functions. To work closely with the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food in its work to identify and manage the risks associated with coastal flooding. To ensure that any development on the foreshore does not detract from the visual amenities of the coast and the public enjoyment thereof. 3.6 Forestry In the Republic of Ireland, forest cover at the end of 2007 stood at an estimated 700,000 hectares. This represents approximately 10% of the total land area. Over half of this is in public ownership, primarily Coillte. The Government Forestry Strategy aims to have 17% forest cover by Its importance in terms of generating economic activity in the countryside is recognised as well as other benefits such as the provision of a sustainable construction material and its role in the promotion of biodiversity. However, it is important that intensive forestry practices do not impinge upon the visual amenity of the landscape or adversely affect the biodiversity in the area. The overall national policy in relation to forestry is set out in Growing for the Future: a Strategic Plan for the Development of the Forestry Sector in Ireland, The strategy aims to develop the sector to a scale and in a manner which maximises its contribution to national economic and social well-being on a sustainable basis and which is compatible with the protection of the environment. The draft Indicative Forestry Statement (IFS) The right trees in the right places has been developed in the context of a national forest policy and provides high-level, national guidance in relation to the suitability of land for forestation. It also facilitates the establishment of high quality forests serving a variety of purposes including timber production, enhancement of the environment, mitigation of climate change, forest industry development, creation of alternative off farm incomes and opportunities for tourism and amenity use. The IFS is a map based approach which provides a comprehensive overview of all the opportunities and constraints which exist for forestry in Ireland, at a national level. It sets out four broad categories Category 1 Suitable for a range of forest types Category 2 Suitable for certain types of forest development, Louth County Development Plan

72 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Category 3 Suitable for nature conservation and amenity forests Category 4 Unsuitable, that is, unproductive or un-plantable areas Currently in Louth, Coillte has a total forest area of almost 1400 hectares, of which just over 100 hectares are broad leaf. It also has three recreational sites at Ravensdale, Slieve Foye Wood and Townley Hall. Initial forestation is exempt under the provisions of the Planning and Development Regulations Replacement of broad leaf forests by conifer species where the area involved is less than ten hectares is also exempt under the provisions. RD 23 To support the Government Forestry Strategy in co-operation with Coillte, which aims to increase forest cover and to encourage state and private forestation, both native broad leaf and coniferous species, in appropriate locations. 3.7 Energy The policy of the council in relation to energy conservation and generation is detailed in chapter 9. However, in a rural development context, particularly in relation to the production of renewable fuel sources such as wind farms, biomass and solar energy, renewable energy production provides a significant opportunity for the generation of rural based economic activity and employment. The council will have regard to the relevant guidelines concerning such developments including the suitability of the proposed location (see map 9.1), nature of use, scale and feasibility of the proposal. RD 24 RD 25 To support the development of renewable energy resources in rural areas where proposals are consistent with the landscape objectives of the Plan, the protection of the natural and built environment and the visual and residential amenities of the area. To consider any individual renewable energy proposal on its merits having regard to the Wind Energy Development Guidelines for Planning Authorities and any other relevant guidance. 3.8 Extractive Industry and Building Materials Production County Louth has significant deposits of high grade stone, sand and gravel quarries, with substantial building sand reserves in the Cooley area. The council is aware that where such resources exist there will be a demand for their extraction. The council will facilitate the recovery of this important resource subject to the overall protection of the environment. Section 261 of the Planning and Development Act 2000 required the registration of all quarries within the functional areas of planning authorities. A total of twelve quarries have been registered in County Louth. Louth County Development Plan

73 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources The Quarry and Ancillary Facilities Guidelines for Planning Authorities document (2004) provides guidance to planning authorities on how to manage the development of extractive industries in a sustainable manner. The council will seek to protect established or potential quarry resources from inappropriate development, that would jeopardise their recovery and to safeguard valuable, un-worked deposits for future extraction. During the period of the Plan, the council will consider the feasibility of carrying out an analysis and mapping of aggregate reserves in the county in conjunction with the Geological Survey of Ireland. (GSI) RD 26 RD 27 RD 28 RD 29 To ensure that all existing and proposed quarries comply with the requirements of the document Quarry and Ancillary Facilities Guidelines for Planning Authorities, To prevent development that would hinder the efficient or effective recovery of the county s aggregate resources. To ensure that the extraction of stone and mineral materials is carried out in a manner that is sustainable and has due regard to the protection of the environment. To refer any application for development to the Geological Survey of Ireland, where it relates to mineral extraction, quarrying developments/extensions and any development involving excavations greater than 50,000m³ in volume or one hectare in area Development Management Criteria In assessing applications for new quarries and extensions to existing quarries, the council will have regard to the following: Registration of quarries under Section 261 (Control of Quarries) of the Planning and Development Act Visual impact on sensitive landscapes. Environmental impact and mitigation measures proposed in the environmental impact statement (EIS) submitted with planning applications, where required. Require a detailed and progressive restoration and rehabilitation plan for the aftercare and re-use of the site, to be submitted as part of the proposed development. Minimising effects on residential amenity through the imposition of conditions regarding hours of operation, dust and noise emissions. Ensure that public roads are not unduly damaged by quarry and pit related traffic and to impose a special contribution on Section 48(2) in respect of any road works which the council is required to carry out to facilitate the development. Methods of extraction, noise levels, dust prevention, protection of rivers, lakes and other water sources. The council welcomes the joint publication of the Irish Concrete Federation and the Geological Survey of Ireland of the document, Geological Guidelines for Extractive Louth County Development Plan

74 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Industries and will expect that members will operate their quarries in accordance with them. 3.9 Residential Development in Rural Areas The council has always recognised and accepted the importance of rural housing in meeting local housing needs and in sustaining rural services such as primary schools, post offices and village shops. The council also accepts what it considers as the legitimate aspirations of people who are born and raised in the countryside wishing to reside within their own community. Specific rural housing policies including qualifying criteria based on local needs is set out in detail in paragraph 4.6 of chapter 4 of this plan. RD 30 RD 31 To apply a presumption in favour of granting planning permissions to bonefide applicants for rural generated housing where the qualifying criteria set down in chapter 4, (paragraph 4.6.2) are met and where standards in relation to siting, design, drainage and traffic safety set down in the Plan are achieved. To apply a presumption against urban generated housing in the rural areas of the county or where standards in relation to siting design, drainage and traffic safety set down in the Plan are not achieved Development Zones In order to ensure development in the countryside takes place in a sustainable and appropriate manner, the county area was divided into six development control zones in the County Development Plan The purpose of these development control zones was to conserve and protect the amenities of rural areas and to promote development in a sustainable manner. These zones also assisted in the operation of the development management function of the council with regard to planning applications for developments in rural areas. This Plan continues the approach taken in the Plan. Some modifications to the control zone boundaries have been made in light of experience gained during the operation of the previous plan. In this regard it is proposed to amalgamate the areas of the county formerly referred to as Control Zones 5 and 6. Other changes include an extension to Control Zone 4 (green belts), alterations to the boundaries of Control Zone 3 and additional areas incorporated within Control Zone 2. It should be noted that in the interest of clarity, the areas formerly referred to as Control Zones are now referenced as Development Zones 1 to 5. The extent of each of these zones is outlined in map 3.2 in appendix 11. In exercising its development management role, the council will have regard to the strategic objectives of the Development Zones 1 to 5, specific aspects of siting and design and specific policies in relation to development management standards, roads, sanitary services and environmental constraints. In relation to rural housing, the council will be guided by design and siting criteria as set out in the document Building Louth County Development Plan

75 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and the guidelines contained in chapter 4 of this Plan Development Zone 1 - To preserve and protect the natural unspoilt physical landscapes. Zone 1 relates principally to the high mountainous areas of Cooley, Feede, and Ravensdale. Due to the extremely sensitive landscapes of this zone which include proposed Natural Heritage Areas, Special Conservation Areas and Special Protection Areas (refer to chapter 2), this unspoilt landscape must be protected from harmful development. As such, only very limited development appropriate to these sensitive landscapes will be considered, except by way of extensions to existing authorised uses. RD 32 RD 33 To permit only very limited development appropriate to these sensitive landscapes. This would include active recreational amenities such as pedestrian and cycle paths, equestrian trails, ecological corridors, small scale ancillary recreational facilities, agriculture and related activities. Certain unique, location tied or resource based developments and renewable energy schemes will be open to consideration. Development of a residential, commercial, industrial or other similar nature will not be considered appropriate Development Zone 2 - To protect the scenic quality of the landscape and facilitate development required to sustain the existing rural community. Zone 2 relates to areas that are to be found in the lower regions of the Cooley Mountains, in Upper Faughart, Ardee Bog, Hamilstown, Fieldstown, Monasterboice, Mount Oriel, Dunany Point and the Boyne Valley. The area covered by this development zone contains landscapes of high scenic quality which the council considers should be protected. There is, however, a substantial existing rural population within these areas and the Plan supports the continued vibrancy and vitality of these communities. RD 34 RD 35 To permit only essential resource and infrastructure based developments and developments necessary to sustain the existing local rural community. Such development would include limited one-off housing*, farm developments, extensions to existing authorised uses, tourism related projects (excluding holiday homes) and renewable energy schemes. Multi-unit residential, large scale intensive industrial, agricultural and commercial developments or other developments of a similar scale or nature would not be considered appropriate within this zone. Louth County Development Plan

76 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Development Zone 3 - To protect the recreational and amenity value of the coast. The coastline of County Louth stretches from the County Down border, along Carlingford Lough and Dundalk Bay to the Boyne Estuary outside Drogheda. It is of considerable intrinsic, special amenity and recreational value. Furthermore, the coastline is home to a variety of natural habitats and many species of flora and fauna. The coastline is protected by a number of statutory designations. Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), proposed Natural Heritage Areas (NHA) and Special Protection Areas (SPA) designations cover much of the coastline. For the purposes of the Plan, the coastline, Zone 3, is that outlined on map 3.2 in appendix 11. RD 36 RD 37 To only permit development that would not be detrimental to the visual and recreational amenities of the coast. Such development would include limited one-off housing*, extensions to existing authorised uses and farmyards, tourism, (excluding holiday homes) leisure and recreation related projects, and renewable energy schemes. Multi-unit residential developments, large-scale intensive agricultural, industrial and commercial developments or other developments of similar scale or nature would not be considered appropriate within this zone Development Zone 4 - To provide for a greenbelt area around the urban centres of Dundalk, Drogheda and Ardee. It is an objective of the council to preserve a clear distinction between the built up areas of settlements and the surrounding countryside. In this regard, greenbelt areas are proposed surrounding the main urban settlements of Dundalk, Drogheda and Ardee. RD 38 To permit limited one-off housing*, extensions to existing authorised uses and farmyards, institutional and educational facilities, sports and recreation, tourism, (excluding holiday homes), leisure and recreation related projects and renewable energy schemes. RD 39 Multi-unit residential, large scale industrial and commercial developments, or other developments of similar scale or nature, would not be considered appropriate within this zone Development Zone 5 - To protect and provide for the development of agriculture and sustainable rural communities and to facilitate certain resource based and location specific developments of significant regional or national importance. Critical infrastructure projects of local, regional or national importance will also be considered within this zone. Zone 5 encompasses an extensive area of land outside the greenbelts, extending from the eastern section of the Cooley peninsula in the north, to the western boundary of the county, Drogheda in the south and the Irish Sea in the east. Over the past number of years, this area has been subject to increasing pressure for development of one-off Louth County Development Plan

77 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources rural housing and other commercial and industrial type developments due to proximity to Dublin and access to the M1 motorway. This area is extensively farmed and contains some of the finest agricultural land in the county. It is an objective of this Plan, from both social and economic perspectives, that agricultural activity and local communities should be protected and permitted to develop and prosper in this area. This area also affords opportunities for certain resource based and location specific developments and critical infrastructure projects of significant regional or national importance. Such development proposals will be subject to the provision of adequate environmental and landscape protection and the provisions of the Interchange Strategy. RD 40 RD 41 To consider developments falling within the following categories; limited oneoff housing*, agricultural developments; developments to be used for leisure, recreation and tourism; holiday accommodation including cottages and lodges where these are part of an existing or proposed integrated tourism complex; hotels/ guest houses / B & B s; extensions to existing authorised commercial and industrial developments; diversified agricultural activity and farm enterprises; renewable energy schemes, public utility infrastructure, certain resource based and location specific developments of significant regional or national importance and critical infrastructure projects. Multi-unit residential, conventional industrial and commercial development appropriate to existing settlements, developments directly adjacent to rural motorway interchanges would not be considered appropriate within this zone. *The qualifying criteria in respect of one-off rural housing are set out in Chapter Summary of Strategy Objectives for each Development Zones 1 to 5. Table 3.3 sets out in summary the strategic objectives for the five Development Zones as set above. Table 3.3: Strategic Objectives for Development Zones 1 to 5 Zone Strategic Objective 1 To preserve and protect the natural unspoilt physical landscapes. 2 To protect the scenic quality of the landscape and facilitate development required to sustain the existing rural community. 3 To protect the recreational and amenity value of the coast. 4 To provide for a greenbelt area around the urban centres of Dundalk, Drogheda and Ardee. Louth County Development Plan

78 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources 5 To protect and provide for the development of agriculture and sustainable rural communities and to facilitate certain resource based and location specific developments of significant regional or national importance. Critical infrastructure projects of local, regional or national importance will also be considered within this zone. Louth County Development Plan

79 Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources Louth County Development Plan

80 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy 4.1 Introduction The aim of this chapter is to confirm the settlement hierarchy within the county, promote sustainable residential development within existing towns and villages and to make provision for sustainable housing in the rural areas of the county. The policies as set out in this section of the Plan seek to build upon the provisions of the County Development Plan while having regard to national and regional policy and guidelines. Over the period of the previous plan, there has been huge pressure for residential development in the towns and villages of County Louth, including demand for one-off houses in the countryside. The availability of more affordable housing in County Louth in comparison to other areas closer to Dublin city, together with enhanced transport infrastructure, has resulted in the generation of considerable commuter traffic to the capital. The settlement strategy set out in the Plan acknowledges the primary positions of Dundalk and Drogheda at the top of the settlement hierarchy. The Plan seeks to prioritise sustainable residential development in these towns and their environs, so that they may achieve critical mass and enhance their capacity to attract new investment and employment, services and improved public transport. The settlement strategy also seeks to guide the sympathetic development of Ardee, Dunleer and other rural towns, villages and settlements in a fashion that will promote sustainable forms of development, that is, consistent with the proper planning and sustainable development of the county and with the National Spatial Strategy and the Regional Planning Guidelines. In this regard, it is considered important that development permitted within the towns and villages of the county is commensurate with their existing populations and their position within the settlement hierarchy and does not result in an excessive or disproportionate level of development. It is considered that the level of rural housing that continues to be permitted within the county, in addition to its impact on the countryside, has a potentially detrimental effect on the viability of existing settlements. This section sets out a settlement strategy based on sustaining a vibrant network of settlements across a range of urban and rural locations throughout the county that is economically, socially and environmentally sustainable. Louth County Development Plan

81 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy 4.2 Population Distribution County Louth is the most urbanised county in the state outside of Dublin. The 2006 census figures confirm that 65% of the population of the county is classified as urban and 35% classified as rural. The census definition of urban is, settlements of 1,500 persons or more. Therefore, the towns of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer are within the urban definition while all other towns and villages are deemed to be rural. Table 4.1 shows the distribution of the population in the county vis-à-vis the urban and rural divide as per the census classification. It also illustrates the dominance of Dundalk and Drogheda within the settlement hierarchy. Table 4.1: Population Distribution in County Louth Settlements Population distribution within county Dundalk and Drogheda 58% Ardee and Dunleer 7% Rural towns, villages and countryside 35% 4.3 Settlement Hierarchy In Louth County Development Plan , a clearly identifiable four tier settlement hierarchy was set out composed of both of urban and rural settlements. It is considered appropriate, where feasible, to make provision in the Plan for the upgrading of a number of Category II Settlements by the provision of public drainage facilities. The revised settlement hierarchy which contains an additional level is set out in table 4.2. The settlement hierarchy is based on factors such as size of population, range of services, the extent and range of community and other facilities available. Table 4.2: Settlement Hierarchy Level Settlements 1 Dundalk and Drogheda 2 Ardee and Dunleer 3 Annagassan, Castlebellingham/Kilsaran, Carlingford, Clogherhead, Collon, Dromiskin, Knockbridge, Louth Village, Omeath, Tallanstown, Termonfeckin/Baltray, Tullyallen. 4 Ballapousta, Darver, Grange, Gyles Quay, Kilcurry, Kilkerley, Lordship, Mountbagnal, Ravensdale I, Sandpit, Stabannon. 5 Ballagan, Bellurgan, Benagh, Dillonstown, Dromin, Faughart Lower, Fieldstown/Brownstown I, Fieldstown/Brownstown II, Grange Irish, Grangebellew, Glenmore, Greenore, Mansfieldstown, Muchgrange, Mucklagh, Philipstown (Collon), Rathcor, Ravensdale II, Reaghstown, Sheelagh, Tinure*, Willville. Louth County Development Plan

82 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy *In the previous plan, Tinure was placed at Level 3. However due to constraints in piped services which restrict the degree to which it can develop, it is considered to be more aptly placed at Level 5 in the settlement hierarchy. SS 1 To maintain the settlement hierarchy within the county and to encourage residential development within each settlement that is commensurate with its position in the hierarchy and the availability of public services and facilities Level 1: Dundalk The urban area of Dundalk and environs, with a population of 35,000, is designated as a gateway in the NSS and as such, it is anticipated that it will grow to a level where it can support a wide range of services and facilities that will provide higher levels of economic activity, growth and development. Occupying a strategic position approximately half way between Belfast and Dublin, Dundalk is also the administrative capital of County Louth. It contains not only the offices of the County Council, but also the regional offices of the IDA, Enterprise Ireland, FÁS and the offices of the County Enterprise Board. The town contains a highly regarded third level educational institution, namely the Dundalk Institute of Technology (DkIT). Ongoing infrastructure improvements including road, rail, telecommunications and broadband services provide excellent connectivity with Dublin, Drogheda, Newry, Navan and the NSS hub towns of Cavan and Monaghan. The council sees significant potential for the growth of Dundalk and its environs and will co-operate with Dundalk Town council to ensure that the town reaches its population target of 60,000 and fulfils its role as a designated gateway. The council will also co-operate with northern authorities in the interest of promoting development in Dundalk and the north-east sub-region and to promote projects that are mutually beneficial to both areas, north and south. In 2003, Louth County Council and Dundalk Town Council came together to prepare a single integrated development plan for Dundalk and its environs. This plan is currently under review and the council will work in partnership with the town council to implement the policies and objectives of the development plan when adopted. Louth County Development Plan

83 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Level 1: Drogheda Drogheda has been identified as a primary development centre in the NSS. Its population, as recorded in the 2006 Census of Population is 30,500. Over the last decade, the town has experienced significant growth principally resulting from its location close to Dublin, the completion of the motorway and improvements to rail commuter services. While acknowledging Drogheda s role as a commuter town, the council is keen to support the policies and objectives of the Drogheda Borough Council s development plan, particularly having regard to the objective of developing the town as a selfsustaining settlement providing employment opportunities for its inhabitants and delivering economic benefits to the surrounding hinterland. The council will work closely with Drogheda Borough Council to ensure that the expansion of the town into its northern environs, which are located within the functional area of Louth County Council, takes place in an orderly and sustainable fashion that will support the growth of Drogheda and not detract from the vitality and viability of its town centre. In 2004, the council prepared a local area plan for the northern environs of Drogheda which provides for the phased development of three new neighbourhoods capable of accommodating an additional population of 20,000 inhabitants. A detailed master plan for the area was prepared in 2006 and adopted by the council as a variation of the local area plan. To date, planning permission has been granted for a total of 5051 new dwellings within the northern environs area. The local area plan also provides for the construction of the northern cross port access route which will have the positive effect of removing port related heavy goods vehicular traffic from the town centre. Planning permission for this road has been secured from An Bord Pleanala and construction, which is being funded by the private sector, is due to commence during SS 2 SS 3 To co-operate with Dundalk Town Council and Drogheda Borough Council in order to facilitate the development of Dundalk and Drogheda and to maintain their positions at the top of the settlement hierarchy. To review, in partnership with Dundalk Town Council, the Dundalk and Environs Development Plan and to make a new plan for the period Louth County Development Plan

84 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy SS 4 To investigate, together with Drogheda Borough Council and Meath County Council, the feasibility of preparing a unitary development plan for Drogheda incorporating both its northern and southern environs when the current plan falls due for review Level 2: Ardee The population of Ardee increased from 3,568 to 4,301 in the inter-censal period 2002 to 2006, an increase of 20.7%. This was mainly as a result of commuter-based demand for residential development facilitated by the improved road infrastructure. This demand is likely to continue, albeit at a slower rate, given Ardee s proximity to the greater Dublin area. The council considers that Ardee s function as a local service and employment centre within the mid Louth area should be protected and enhanced. Consequently, the growth of the town will be managed in a manner that provides for gradual expansion, in line with provisions of additional employment opportunities, community facilities and services. The current local area plan for Ardee seeks to promote consolidation and achieve a more balanced growth towards the northern end of the town. This local area plan will be reviewed upon the adoption of the county plan Level 2: Dunleer Dunleer is substantially smaller than Ardee. It had a population of 1,787 according to the 2002 census, rising to 2,340 in This represents an increase of over 30% in this four year period. Similar to Ardee, this increase was based on commuter generated demand and also facilitated by improved road infrastructure. The Dunleer Local Area Plan aims to consolidate and strengthen Dunleer s role as an important economic, social, cultural, residential and service centre in the mid Louth area to cater for a population in the region of 3,500. The increased population of Dunleer will contribute to the critical mass within the catchments of both Dundalk and Louth County Development Plan

85 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Drogheda and should reduce the demand for dispersed one-off housing in the countryside. SS 5 SS 6 To promote the development of Ardee as a medium sized town for urban strengthening to serve the needs of the local community and drive development within the locality and to review the Ardee Local Area Plan following the adoption of the County Development Plan. To facilitate the growth of Dunleer to a population of 3,500 with associated community, facilities, services and employment opportunities and to review the Dunleer Local Area Plan following the adoption of the County Development Plan Level 3: Category I Settlements Level three contains Category I Settlements and represents villages and towns with populations of fewer than 1,500. These contain a good range of services such as schools, churches and shops and are serviced by public piped utilities. They have a high degree of self-sufficiency and the ability to cater for limited additional residential development subject to capacity within the foul drainage system and public water supply. All of these Category I Settlements are covered by local area plans which will be subject to review on the adoption of the County Development Plan. SS 7 SS 8 To promote and facilitate limited development within Category I Settlements that is commensurate with the nature and extent of the existing settlement and to support their role as local service centres. To review the local area plans for Category I Settlements following the adoption of the County Development Plan Level 4: Category II (a) Settlements Category II (a) Settlements are settlements that have the potential of being provided with public waste water treatment facilities. These settlements have identified core areas which are zoned for residential development subject to the provision of public foul drainage. These settlements also contain areas which are not capable of being economically serviced. Therefore permitted residential development in such areas will be on the basis of individual waste water treatment systems. It is also considered that, given the extent of the development boundaries of many of these settlements, it would Louth County Development Plan

86 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy not be in the interest of proper planning and sustainable development to permit significant levels of residential development. The permitted density is as set out in table 4.3 below. Maps of the Category II (a) Settlements are illustrated in Appendix 6. Table 4.3: Permitted Densities within Category II (a) Settlements Density per hectare Density per acre Core areas 20 8 Outside core areas but inside settlement boundary Minimum site size of 0.2 hectare for each dwelling Minimum site size of 0.5 acre for each dwelling Level 5: Category II (b) Settlements Category II (b) Settlements are generally very small settlements with few if any community facilities and none have public foul drainage. Given the lack of community facilities and the unlikelihood that these centres could be economically serviced by piped utilities, it is the view of the council they are not capable of absorbing significant amounts of additional residential development in a proper planning and sustainable manner. The purpose of these settlements is to assist in satisfying rural generated housing needs within a structured but low density environment as an alternative to the development of scattered one off housing. Also, by limiting development to county based local needs, these settlements are more likely to be affordable in a restricted local market and would also afford individuals an opportunity to design and build their own home in a rural area. Permitted development within these settlements will be on the basis of individual wastewater treatment systems, on minimum site areas of 0.5 acres and maximum floor areas of 220square metres. This is considered necessary in order to protect the environment and preserve a degree of consistency in design and scale. Maps of the Category II (b) Settlements are illustrated in Appendix 7. Louth County Development Plan

87 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy 4.4 County Based Local Area Needs A county based local need refers to, the housing need of persons who are from County Louth or who work within County Louth. In determining what constitutes a county based local need for Category II(a) and II(b) Settlements, the council will take into consideration the applicant s family, work, school and other ties with the county as well as his or her accommodation needs. SS 9 SS 10 SS 11 SS 12 SS 13 SS 14 SS 15 SS 16 To provide for the construction of one-off type houses within Category II(a) and (b) Settlements in order to assist in satisfying rural generated housing needs within a structured but low density environment as an alternative to the development of scattered one off housing. To zone land within Category II (a) Settlements in identified core areas, for small scale multi unit developments (not more than 12 units per application) in accordance with the permitted density set out in table 4.3 and pending the provision of public foul drainage. To restrict residential development within Category II (a) and (b) Settlements to that required to satisfy county based local needs and to apply an occupancy condition of 7 years in respect of all dwellings permitted. To allow a maximum of 6 units in any one planning application for one-off type houses where public foul drainage is not available. Where multi unit developments are permitted within the same landholding, planning permission will not be granted for any additional units on the holding until the permitted development is fully completed and occupied. To limit the floor area of one-off type houses to not more than 220 square metres. To protect and enhance community and recreational facilities. Applications which would result in the loss of areas of amenity, important biodiversity areas, community facilities or playing fields will not be considered favourably. To ensure that the design and arrangement of dwellings are complementary and reflect the existing character of the settlement. In this regard applicants will be required to demonstrate that the proposal is consistent with the document Building Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and paragraph Rural House Design and Siting Criteria Development Management Assessment Criteria for Category II (a) and (b) Settlements In addition to compliance with the above policies, the council will have regard, inter alia, to the following considerations: Retention of valuable man made and natural heritage features within their boundaries or environs The use of traditional and sustainable materials that are consistent with the character of the settlement Traffic safety implications Louth County Development Plan

88 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Impact on natural resources and landscapes Siting of house - how house fits into the landscape and avails of shelter Site suitability in terms of drainage Suitable landscape proposal Orientation so as to maximise heat and light from the sun Sustainable energy uses Flood risk considerations 4.5 Rural Housing The policy in relation to rural housing contained in the plan was based on local needs which required that applicants demonstrate that they were functionally or socially related to the rural community in which the proposed site was located. There continues to be a strong demand for one off houses in the countryside as illustrated in table 4.4 below. Table 4.4: Permitted One Off Houses 2001 to 2008 Year One-off houses When the figures from 2001 through to 2008 are combined, planning permission for a total of 3,363 one-off houses was granted which is equivalent to a town with a population of 9,416 based on occupancy rate of 2.8 persons per dwelling. Whilst the council acknowledges the role of rural housing in sustaining rural communities, it also recognises that uncontrolled and excessive one-off urban generated housing in the countryside is not sustainable in the long-term and accepts that measures need to be put in place to regulate this form of development. A concern arises that if one-off rural housing is permitted at the current levels, then irreparable damage will be done to the environment and the legitimate aspirations of those brought up in the countryside to continue to live within their own communities will be jeopardised. Louth County Development Plan

89 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy National Spatial Strategy 2002 (NSS) The NSS recognises the long tradition of people living in rural parts of Ireland and promotes sustainable rural settlement as a means of delivering more balanced regional growth. The Sustainable Rural Framework in the NSS has four broad objectives: To sustain and renew established rural communities and the existing stock of investment in a way that responds to the various spatial, structural and economic changes taking place, while protecting the important assets that rural areas possess. To strengthen the established structure of villages and smaller settlements both to support local economies and to accommodate additional population in a way that supports the viability of local transport, local infrastructure and services such as schools and water services. To ensure that key assets in rural areas such as water quality and the natural and cultural heritage are protected to support quality of life. To ensure that rural settlement policies take account of, and are appropriate to local circumstances. Furthermore, the NSS makes a distinction between demands for: Rural generated housing housing needed in rural areas within the established rural community by people working in rural areas or in nearby urban areas. Urban generated housing housing in rural locations sought by people living and working in urban areas, including second homes. The NSS emphasises that, in general, and subject to good planning practice, rural generated housing needs should be accommodated where they arise. With regard to urban generated housing in the open countryside, the NSS identified four broad categories of rural areas that require more tailored settlement policies in the development plan. The four areas identified are as follows: 1. Rural areas under strong urban influence 2. Areas with a traditionally strong agricultural base 3. Structurally weak areas 4. Areas in which there are distinctive settlement patterns Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005 The Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005 were drafted in the context of the rural housing policy set out in the National Spatial Strategy. Expanding on the rural policy framework, these guidelines provide that: People who are part of the rural community should be facilitated by the planning system in all rural areas including those under strong urban based pressure subject to good planning practice in matters of location, siting, design and the protection of environmentally sensitive areas and areas of high landscape value. Anyone wishing to build a house in rural areas suffering persistent and substantial population decline should be facilitated. Louth County Development Plan

90 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy The development of the rural environs of the major urban areas, including the gateways and hubs as identified in the NSS and other larger towns over 5000 in population need to be carefully managed in order to ensure their orderly development and their successful functioning in the future. In a national context, all of County Louth falls within rural areas under strong urban influence as defined by the NSS by reason of its proximity to Dublin and its strong urban structure. The challenge therefore facing the council in terms of one-off or dispersed rural housing is to ensure that rural generated housing as defined in the NSS and the Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines is accommodated in rural areas while protecting such areas from the increasing demand for urban generated rural housing. This challenge is exacerbated by the pressures deriving from the county s close proximity to Dublin and the quality of both rail and road infrastructure. 4.6 One-Off Rural Housing One-off housing refers to individually designed, detached houses primarily located on large unserviced sites in the open countryside. The overriding aim of the council s approach to one-off houses in the countryside is guided by the Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines. This approach seeks to accommodate, within rural areas, people who are functionally or socially part of the rural community and to resist demand for urban generated housing in the countryside Local Needs In order to protect the rural areas of the county from excessive urban generated housing, the council considers it necessary to retain the local needs provision as recommended in the document Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines. In the interest of clarity and fairness it is proposed to extend the local needs provision across the entire rural area of the county irrespective of which development zone the proposed development is located. Louth County Development Plan

91 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Qualifying Criteria Applicants for one-off rural housing will be required to demonstrate compliance with at least one of the following criteria. Qualifying Criteria 1. That they have lived for a minimum period of 10 years within the local area in which they propose to build, do not already own a house or have not owned a house within the rural area of the county for a minimum of 5 years prior to making an application, or 2. That they are the son or daughter of a qualifying landowner, or niece or nephew of a childless single person or childless couple of a qualifying landowner. For the purposes of this provision, a qualifying landowner is where the land has been in family ownership for a minimum of 25 years. One house only shall be granted in the case of a niece or nephew, or 3. That they own or operate a rural based enterprise and are proposing to build on a site immediately adjacent or within the boundaries of that enterprise or that they are employed in a rural based service that supports the local rural community and there is a specific functional need to live at the site of their work, or 4. That they are required to live in a rural area for exceptional health reasons. Such applications must be accompanied by a medical consultant s report and recommendation outlining the reasons why it is necessary for the applicant to live in a rural area and also be supported by an appropriate disability organisation of which the applicant is a member, or 5. That the applicant is providing care for an old person(s) or a person(s) with a disability who live in an isolated rural area and who does not have any able bodied person residing with them. One house only will be allowed on this basis and the site must be adjacent to the dwelling in which the older person(s) or person(s) with the disability resides Local Area In addition to establishing criteria for local needs qualification, it is also considered necessary to have a clear definition of local area in order to implement the rural housing policy. For the purposes of this plan, local area is defined as being a radius of four kilometres from the qualifying family residence. Where the qualifying area is reduced by reason of its location, for example, proximity to the coast, county Louth County Development Plan

92 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy boundaries or development zone boundaries, the four kilometre radius may be extended to include an area equivalent to the area lost. SS 17 SS 18 SS 19 SS 20 SS 21 SS 22 SS 23 To permit rural generated housing in order to support and sustain existing rural communities and to restrict urban generated housing in order to protect the visual amenities and resources of the countryside To ensure that the proposed development is consistent with the strategic objective for the development zone in which it is located as outlined in table 3.3 of this Plan. To require that the design and siting of the proposed house is such that it does not detract from the rural character of the landscape or the visual amenities of the area. In this regard, applicants will be required to demonstrate that the proposal is consistent with the document Building Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and the guidelines contained in section 4.7 of this chapter. To require that applicants for one-off houses in the countryside demonstrate compliance with the qualifying criteria as detailed in paragraph Applicants, who qualify to build within a rural area on the basis of residency within development zone 5, will not be deemed to qualify to build within any other development zone. To apply a presumption against granting planning permission within development zones 2, 3 and 4 where there is an alternative site available in zone 5. To attach an occupancy condition of 7 years in respect of all planning permissions for new dwellings in rural areas Development Management Assessment Criteria for One-Off Rural Housing In addition to compliance with the above rural housing policy, the council will have regard, inter alia, to the following considerations in assessing all applications for oneoff rural houses: The number of existing houses and permissions granted in the vicinity of the site The number of houses developed and granted permission on the landholding The quality and capacity of the road network serving the site Breaking the skyline and visual impact Existing hedgerows and trees which would be affected by the proposed development Use of materials which are traditional and indigenous to the area as far as practical Proximity to local services such as schools and shops Proximity to public transport and degree of car dependency Impact on farming practice and rural based activities Traffic safety Impact on natural resources and landscapes Louth County Development Plan

93 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Siting of house, how house fits into the landscape and avails of existing natural shelter Site suitability in terms of drainage and compliance with EPA guidelines Suitable landscaping proposals Orientation so as to maximise heat and light from the sun Sustainable energy uses Flood risk considerations where apparent Regard to policies TC 5 to TC 8 in relation to road infrastructure where appropriate Clustered Housing Developments Clustered development of 2, 3 or 4 rural houses may be considered on appropriate sites. Cluster means to bunch or crowd together. In terms of rural housing, it should reflect a traditional clachan type layout where the houses are positioned in an adhoc manner, not regimented or suburban in character, and are accessed by a rural type lane where footpaths and public lighting will not normally be required. An outline application for cluster development should be accompanied by a design brief, including sketches of proposed dwellings, details of size, footprint, form, arrangement and orientation and a photomontage of their setting. Proposed dwellings should illustrate conformity in design and materials but should not be identical. In order to facilitate a clustering effect, site areas should be 0.2 hectares (0.5 acres) and dwellings should have a maximum floor area, including any extensions, of 220 square metres. Applications for permission and permission consequent must be made on an individual house basis by the intended occupier who shall be subject to the qualifying criteria for one-off houses as set out in paragraph SS 24 SS 25 To only permit clustered development of 2, 3 or 4 dwellings which reflect a traditional clachan type layout, which can be incorporated into the landscape in an unobtrusive, discreet manner and be accessed by a rural style lane. To require that any dwelling permitted within a clustered development has a site area of 0.2 hectares (0.5 acres) and a maximum floor area, including any extensions thereto, of 220 square metres Replacement Houses There will be a presumption against the demolition of vernacular dwellings where restoration or adaptation is a feasible option. Replacement dwellings will only be considered where the roof, external and internal walls are substantially intact and where the structure was last used as a habitable dwelling. Sites on which Louth County Development Plan

94 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy replacement dwellings are sought tend to be naturally secluded with mature landscaped settings. Hence, the replacement dwelling should incorporate the footprint of the replaced house in order to avail of existing landscape features and vegetation, thus enabling the new development to be accommodated and absorbed in the landscape in an unobtrusive manner. SS 26 To apply a presumption against the demolition of vernacular dwellings where restoration or adaptation is a feasible option. SS 27 To permit a replacement dwelling only where the existing development is deemed unsuitable for restoration but where the roof, external and internal walls of the existing dwelling is substantially intact and where the structure was last used as a habitable dwelling. SS 28 To restrict the floor area of the replacement dwelling to a maximum of 200 square metres or an additional 25% of the footprint of the existing house, whichever is the greater. SS 29 To require the replacement dwelling to incorporate the footprint of the replaced house in order to avail of existing landscape features and vegetation Refurbishment of Existing Dwellings in Rural Areas The stock of traditional vernacular houses in County Louth, including thatched houses, has decreased alarmingly in recent years. Whilst not perhaps affording the standard of accommodation required by the current generation, these homes are an integral part of the heritage of the county and should be retained. They usually occupy mature, well secluded settings and as such, sit very comfortably within the landscape. With carefully designed extensions and sensitive restoration, these houses can be brought up to a standard capable of meeting modern day demands. Hence, the council will encourage applicants and owners along this path in the interests of preserving Louth s valuable vernacular heritage. SS 30 SS 31 SS 32 SS 33 To encourage the sensitive refurbishment of existing vernacular buildings in the interest of preserving the built heritage of County Louth. To ensure that the design of the proposed refurbishment does not erode the siting and setting and the character of the existing building. To ensure that the design, scale and materials used in the refurbishment are in keeping and sympathetic with the original dwelling and the size of any extension does not exceed 100% of the existing floor area. To require that mature landscape features are retained and enhanced, as appropriate. Louth County Development Plan

95 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Accommodation for Dependent Relatives The demand for accommodation to meet the needs of older people and dependent relatives will inevitably increase due to the rise in average life expectancy. This has led to a demand for custom built extensions to family dwellings or the conversion of garages or other structures within the curtilage for this purpose. The council sees considerable merit in this form of accommodation for older and dependent people and will favourably consider any such proposal subject the following criteria. Accommodation for dependant relatives by way of extension to the existing dwelling shall: Be attached to the existing dwelling Be linked internally with the existing dwelling Not exceed a gross floor areas of 50 square metres Not have a separate access provided to the front elevation of the dwelling Where it is proposed to convert and/or extend an existing garage or outbuilding within the curtilage for this purpose, planning permission will depend on whether the development provides a modest scale of accommodation only and that the unit remains in the same ownership as that of the existing dwelling on the site. Where an extension to an existing garage or outbuilding is required in order to provide a satisfactory level of accommodation, the existing and proposed additional floor area shall not exceed 50 square metres. Proposals must also accord with normal planning considerations such as the ability of the site to accommodate the unit, compliance with environmental standards, septic tank requirements, drainage, water and amenity. SS 34 To facilitate the provision of accommodation for older people and dependant relatives within the curtilage of the existing family home subject to the compliance with the above criteria Site Size It is not only the number of one-off dwellings in the countryside that has a negative impact on the character of rural areas but also their size and design. The favourable economic conditions and increased incomes over the past decade have resulted in a demand for much larger houses, many with floor areas exceeding 400 square metres. These larger houses, many of which are poorly designed and located on restricted sites, are very obtrusive and damaging to the rural landscape and environment. In the County Development Plan , the council considered it necessary to relate the size of the house to the area of the site. However the restriction applied has not proved sufficient to lessen the impact of larger houses being built in rural areas. Therefore new site size requirements, as set out in table 4.5 below, have been introduced. Louth County Development Plan

96 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Table 4.5: House Size and Site Area Ratio House size in square metres (m²) Minimum site size in hectares Minimum site size in acres 200 or under to to plus SS 35 To require that the minimum site areas as set out in table 4.5 are provided for one-off rural houses relative to the total floor area of the house Ribbon Development The visual amenity of many areas throughout the rural parts of the county, and especially in locations adjacent to settlements, has suffered greatly by the creation of ribbon development. In addition to damaging the appearance of rural areas, this type of development also detracts from the setting of towns and villages and can result in road safety issues. Having regard to the Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005, ribbon development is defined as four or more houses in a continuous row along a public road. SS 36 SS 37 To prevent the creation of ribbon development by not permitting more than four houses in a row along any public road. A minimum gap of 400 metres shall be maintained between such developments. To preserve a clear break of a minimum of 400 metres between the boundary of existing settlements and any permitted development along adjoining roads Infill Development Infill development is described as development that takes place within a small gap between existing developments. The Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005 require consideration to be given to the degree to which a proposal might be considered infill, the degree to which existing development would be extended or whether distinct areas of ribboning would coalesce as a result of infill development. Louth County Development Plan

97 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy SS 38 SS 39 To permit infill development where a small gap sufficient to accommodate one house only, within an otherwise substantial and continuously built up frontage. To apply a presumption against development that would exacerbate ribbon development by extension or leading to the joining up of existing developed areas along public roads Extensions to Dwellings Where additional accommodation is required, an extension to an existing dwelling often affords a more sustainable approach than the construction of a new dwelling. Proposed extensions should complement the original building, where applicable harmonise with adjoining properties and not have an undue adverse impact on the visual amenities of the area. While the council will have regard to special housing needs, such as the housing needs of extending families and people with disabilities, extensions which are out of character, proportion or not incidental to the main dwelling will not be considered favourably. The size of any extension should be proportional to and in keeping with the character of the existing structure. SS 40 SS 41 To limit the size of extensions to not more than 100% of the floor area of the original dwelling subject to the compliance with the house size and site area requirements as set down in table 4.5. To require that the size of any extension be in proportion to and in character with the existing structure in terms of design and use of materials Access Safe access to any new housing development must be provided, not only in terms of the visibility from a proposed entrance but also in terms of the impact on existing road traffic, through generation of stopping and turning movements. All applications will be required to show, at a minimum scale of 1:500, how the required visibility standards appropriate to the class of road as detailed in table 8.4 of the Plan, can be met. Where compliance with these standards can only be met by removing large stretches of roadside hedgerow, ditches or stone boundaries, consideration should be given to an alternative site in the interest of protecting the landscape character and visual amenity of the area. SS 42 SS 43 To require applicants to demonstrate compliance with the appropriate visibility and traffic safety standards as set down in table 8.4 of the Plan. To require that new accesses are located so as to minimise the impact on existing roadside boundaries. Louth County Development Plan

98 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Garages There is an increasing demand for larger garages, often incorporating first floor accommodation. Some resemble industrial and commercial buildings complete with roller shutter doors while others resemble dwellings that are complete with curtains and blinds. In essence, this has resulted in structures which have a very significant visual impact in the rural landscape and add to the scale and bulk of the dwelling. In order to protect the landscape character of rural areas from the combined visual impact of houses and garages and to protect the residential amenities of adjoining dwellings, the council considers it necessary to limit the size and scale of domestic garages. Garages or other domestic structures should normally be separate from the house and sited in such a manner as to reduce visual impact. Garages integral to the dwelling will be subject to the maximum floor area of 25 square metres. Detached garages shall not exceed 50 square metres in floor area, 4.5 metres to ridge height and external walls and roofing materials shall match those of the dwelling. Toilet facilities or floor space within roof areas shall not be provided. The use of garages shall be restricted to parking of private vehicles and storage incidental to the enjoyment of the dwelling house within the curtilage in which it is sited. SS 44 SS 45 To limit the size and scale of domestic garages to 50 square metres in order to reduce the combined visual impact of the house and garage on the character of the landscape and to protect the amenities of adjoining residential property. To restrict commercial or other uses which are not compatible with residential amenity Roadside Boundaries The protection of the rural landscape, wildlife and the dense network of hedgerow boundaries are very important to landscape protection, biodiversity conservation and environmental sustainability. It is recognised that the accumulated effect of the removal of hedgerows to facilitate one-off houses in rural areas can result in a very significant loss of habitats, flora and fauna and detract seriously from the aesthetic value of the landscape. Normally, there is some alteration and removal of roadside hedgerows and ditches required as part of development, in order to provide an access. Such alterations are often essential in the interest of road safety and in achieving sightlines at entrances. While road safety is of paramount importance, it is also important to strike a balance between these two issues. Too often, however, it has been the practice to remove all roadside hedgerows and ditches just to enable the new dwelling to be seen and to facilitate the construction of inappropriate boundary walls and entrances. Planning permission may not be considered favourably where excessive lengths of roadside hedgerow or trees need to be removed to facilitate the development. Any planting required shall be carried out concurrently with the development of the dwelling or in the first planting season following commencement of works on site. Louth County Development Plan

99 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy SS 46 SS 47 To require that new accesses are located having regard to both road safety and the protection of existing roadside hedgerows, trees and boundaries. To require, where it is necessary to modify or remove the existing roadside boundary in the interest of traffic safety, that the existing boundary is translocated behind the visibility sight line or that a new boundary consistent with the nature and character of the area is planted behind the visibility sight line Wastewater Groundwater and surface water are vulnerable and can easily be contaminated from the disposal of effluent from wastewater treatment systems. Concentrations of treatment systems in areas add to this risk. Therefore, applicants shall satisfy the council that the method of disposing of wastewater whether by means of a conventional septic tank and percolation area or other wastewater treatment system, is fully in compliance with the guidelines and requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency Guidelines for Individual Wastewater Treatment Systems and meets with the policies and criteria as set down in Chapter 10 Environment of the Plan. SS 48 To protect groundwater and surface water from contamination from domestic effluent by ensuring that all sites requiring individual waste water treatment systems are assessed by suitability qualified persons in accordance with the recommendation contained in the Wastewater Treatment Manuals - Treatment Systems for Single Houses, published by the by the Environmental Protection Agency, Rural Housing Design and Siting Criteria Landscapes in County Louth vary greatly from uplands areas in the northern and southern ends of the county, the rolling farmlands of mid Louth, Drumlin landscape towards the west of the county and exposed coastal landscapes. Variations in vernacular house design in the past were normally a direct response to the local environment. In the past, buildings were orientated to make best use of shelter and sun, using natural features such as the lie of the land, combined with hedgerows and shelter belts to protect them from the elements. In more modern times, with the advent of excavation machinery and modern building materials and methods, there has been much less importance placed on the need for shelter from the weather and maximising sunlight for light and warmth. This has resulted in much exposed and prominent development which in addition to being unsustainable in terms of energy use, has also detracted from the visual attractiveness of many areas of rural Louth. Many modern houses are positioned on site to be seen and appear to have been dropped into rural landscapes from an urban setting. Louth County Development Plan

100 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy A great deal can be learnt from examination of traditional methods of site layout which appear more integrated in the landscape. Less sensitive sites can take much more individualistic houses, whereas, more prominent or sensitive sites require greater skill and care. SS 49 Applicants for one-off dwellings and houses in rural settlements shall demonstrate how the proposed design and siting of the dwelling complies with the document Building Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and the requirements detailed below. 1. All applications shall include full drawings, illustrations and details of all hard and soft landscaping associated with the proposed dwelling. These shall include all boundary specifications including those at the entrance to the site. 2. Where stone is proposed to be used for any element of the dwelling or its curtilage, the applicant must demonstrate to the council that it is from the locality or that there is a consistency in colour that links it successfully with other stone structures, ditches, rock outcrops in the immediate vicinity. 3. Where shelter landscaping, new boundary planting and any roadside planting form part of a development, these works must be carried out to the satisfaction of the planning authority in the first planting season (November to April) following commencement of development on site Site Sensitive Design Site sensitive design ensures that the new development appears visually integrated and sympathetic with its surrounding landscape Build into the Landscape Study the alignment and orientation of older houses in the area, such as the gable face westwards to the wind in order to maximise shelter and reduce exposure. Choose the most sheltered part of the site selected. Figure 4.1 House Set into the Landscape Shelter using the slope and tree planting Shelter from prevailing wind Louth County Development Plan

101 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Shelter from winds using building forms Use areas already sheltered by trees, hedgerows, ditches and walls. Build below the skyline Look for a naturally occurring shelf and make use of natural folds on the landscape - set house into landscape. Figure 4.2 Breaking the Skyline Set back from the road, retain the frontage and other boundary hedgerows and treatments. Create secluded and private gardens. Avoid a sea of lawn. Suburban layouts and garden treatments should be avoided. Rural gardens should provide enclosure, privacy and semiwild habitats. Hedging to comprise native and local species. Leylandii, conifers and pampas grass are unsuitable. Figure 4.3: Secluded Site Avoid parking and manoeuvring areas to the front and large platforms of tarmac. Place driveway to the side or rear. Planting zones between path and house softens appearance. Louth County Development Plan

102 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Build, Shape and Plant to create Further Shelter Use shelter planting which will also soften the form of the house in the landscape. Use enclosing walls together with outbuildings to create, define and shelter gardens and yards. Figure 4.4: Dwelling set into the Landscape Figure 4.5: Exploit the Sun Orientate the house to maximise daylight and solar gain in order to create a brighter home and reduce fuel costs. 30% energy savings can be achieved if a house is orientated within 15 degrees of south. Glazed south facing elevations capture the sun s energy and limiting glazing on north elevations aids heat conservation. Louth County Development Plan

103 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Presence in the Landscape - Scale and Form The scale of buildings must be appropriate to its setting. Single storey houses in uplands and coastal areas are preferable where they are traditionally prevalent. The width of the dwelling frontage shall not exceed 14 metres for a two-storey, 18 metres for a single storey or 20 metres where the roofline is broken or frontage is set back. The external gable depth shall not exceed 9 metres. Front elevations should not have any projections or returns other than a simple pitch roof storm porch if desired. In the case of 2 storey dwellings, a porch projected to first floor if central may be considered. A large house requires a large site. Only use simple forms as illustrated: a) Low eaves b) Narrow plan c) 35 to 40 degree roof pitch except where the gable depth is below 7.5 metres, then 45 degrees is acceptable d) Modest scale e) Vertical emphasis to gables f) Sturdy and solid g) Natural finishes h) Flat fronted Figure 4.6: Simple Form Complicated and alien forms as illustrated below should be avoided. a) High eaves b) Wide gables c) Low or no roof pitch d) Bulky and squat e) Awkward scale f) Synthetic finishes for example hallmark and bradstone finishes g) Decorative and fussy frontages Figure 4.7: Complicated and Alien Forms Louth County Development Plan

104 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Proportions There are three essential factors: 1. Height of the building relative to its openings. Openings should exhibit a vertical emphasis. Houses should be designed to minimise the distance between the top of the ground floor windows and the sill of the top floor window. 2. A high solid-to-void relationship, that is, greater wall surface area than the area of windows and door openings. 3. A simple, symmetrical arrangement of opening. Figure 4.8: Proportions Good Proportions Poor Proportions Materials Use materials and finishes that are traditional to the area and in keeping with the character of the landscape. Stone used on ancillary wings or on other elements such as garden or boundary walls can provide an attractive contrast and help reduce the apparent size of the dwelling. Where it is proposed to use stone on the dwelling or to construct boundaries, where possible it should be of the locality so that there is a consistency in colour that links it successfully with other stone structures, ditches, rock outcrops in the immediate vicinity. Stone alien in colour and type prevalent to the locality could appear incongruous and will not be permitted. Inappropriate use of stone including random bits for facing effects, twodimensional facing panels and gable treatments and piers in stone walls is not considered appropriate Boundaries Careful design can integrate new dwellings into the landscape, in particular where new vehicular openings in roadside boundaries are integrated with existing boundary treatments. Natural boundaries are also invaluable habitats for both plants and animals which contribute to the biodiversity of the county. Chose a site with at least two and preferably three existing boundaries, such as natural hedgerows or stone walls, to soften the impact of the dwelling. Louth County Development Plan

105 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Preference must be given to accessing sites off an existing laneway or sharing an existing access, as an alternative to providing a new access directly off the road. New frontage should be incorporated carefully into existing roadside treatments using materials and landscape treatments which are compatible with the location, such as banks, hedgerows and dry stone work. Rendered stone walls, piers cast into oil barrels and diverse planting can create an enchanting entrance. Leave existing roadside hedgerows and ditches intact as much as possible. Carefully locate and shape entrance to achieve the required sight distances. Minimise damage by locating the entrance, for example, where the hedge is degraded and where sight lines can be achieved with minimal damage. Unsympathetic fencing, walls and planting should be avoided. Any sections of post and rail fencing and ranch style fencing will only be considered acceptable where they are back planted with a hedgerow of mixed native species matching those in the vicinity of the site. Within settlements, common roadside treatments should be provided. Figure 4.9: Roadside Frontage The new opening should integrate into the existing roadside treatment. The most favourable point of access is where an existing hedgerow is degraded, or a tree through age or condition requires removal. Louth County Development Plan

106 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy All too often the opening appears as a gash in the hedgerow, filled in with an inappropriate boundary enclosure such as concrete fencing. Judicious design can minimise hedgerow and tree removal by carefully locating and shaping the entrance gateway to achieve the required sightlines Details Listed below are a number of design details which have important bearing on the appearance of rural houses. Minimal eaves avoiding box soffit and fascia. Avoid thick tiles on small roofs. Chimney breast should be internal, with the chimney stack positioned centrally on the ridge, preferably at the gable end of the dwelling Carefully proportion chimneys - through and across the ridge line and flush with the gable. Figure 4.10: Chimney Detail Inappropriately proportioned and positioned Appropriately proportioned and positioned Through and access the Ridge Line Louth County Development Plan

107 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy The size, shape and arrangements of windows are important. The range of opening sizes should be kept to a minimum and the shape of openings simple, with a vertical emphasis generally preferable to horizontal. Windows should be centred either exactly on the axis of symmetry or purposely of it. Figure 4.11: Window arrangement Horizontal emphasis Vertical emphasis Window glazing should divide window exactly symmetrically horizontally and vertically with glass panes of an identical or as near as possible identical size. Mock Georgian glazing is inappropriate and should be avoided. Figure 4.12: Window Glazing Dormers are preferable on unseen roof slopes. Where used, simple wall plated dormers are preferred. Slate, plaster or stained timber should be used for side cladding and PVC should be avoided. Figure 4.13: Dormer windows Inappropriate position and scale Appropriate position and scale Louth County Development Plan

108 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Flashings which allow roof lights to sit flush with the plane of the roof slope should be used. The design of doors to both house and garage should be simple. Mock Georgian, mock Tudor and PVC should be avoided. Where porches are proposed they must be simple in form and detail. Suburban type porches or the use of different materials is considered inappropriate. The shape of conservatories and extensions should be simple, consistent to the shape and in proportion to the dwelling to which it is attached. Louth County Development Plan

109 Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy Louth County Development Plan

110 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities 5.1 Introduction During the years of the economic boom in Ireland, County Louth experienced considerable pressure for residential development. During this period, much of County Louth effectively became part of a functional urban region centred on the Greater Dublin Area which by 2006 accounted for almost half of the State s population. Also during the period, both road and public transport links between County Louth and the capital were greatly improved. This contributed in part to the growth in population in the county of 17.1% between 1996 and 2006 and by an increase of 8.9% between the years 2002 and Population growth within the county was boosted by in migration of just under 10% during this period. Central Statistics Office population projections carried out over the period of the previous plan have indicated an implied assumption that significant population increases will continue for the foreseeable future. Whilst this could be a likely scenario, it should be noted that the increase in population should not be taken as a given. This Plan adopts a more precautionary approach to population growth. Historical experience has clearly illustrated that where an unstable or negative global economic climate is prevailing, as is likely during the period of the Plan, population levels can dramatically fluctuate. There is a risk that population and employment levels will decline due to the economic downturn. This chapter contains the council s policy in respect of housing needs and development up to 2015, including details and policies in respect of community and other infrastructure required to support existing and new residential communities. 5.2 Louth Housing Strategy Under Section 96 of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 and the Planning and Development (Amendment) Act 2002, each local authority is required to prepare a housing strategy. The aims of the housing strategy are to: Ensure that sufficient land is zoned and serviced to meet the housing needs of all sectors of the population, both existing and anticipated. Establish the amount of land required under Part V for social and affordable housing. Ensure that there is a range of housing types and sizes available to meet the housing needs of the community. Avoid social exclusion. Louth County Development Plan

111 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities The Louth Housing Strategy was reviewed in It provides projected housing requirements up to 2013 and This review projected a net increase of 3,505 in the number of households within the county up to 2009 and an increase of an additional 6,824 up to Based on a population projection of 130,031 by 2015, which is consistent with the population projection for County Louth contained in chapter 1 of the Plan, there will be an annual requirement for 1,137 residential units up to However it should be noted that this review was carried out prior to the current economic downturn and therefore the above projections may require downwards adjustment. The settlement strategy detailed in this Plan seeks to determine where the majority of these additional units should be best located. There are however other factors including local housing requirements and market forces that are likely to influence the delivery and location of new residential units over the Plan period. The strategy has also identified that, given the amount of land already zoned for residential development within the towns and villages of the county, sufficient land is available for residential purposes to adequately accommodate anticipated increases in population. Whereas there is more than adequate land zoned for residential purposes not all of it is serviced. It is estimated that an additional 155 hectares need to be serviced by Under Part V of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 as amended by the Planning and Development (Amendment) Act 2002, the provisions of the Louth Housing Strategy shall apply to relevant housing development taking place in the Plan area. Therefore the provisions of Part V will apply to housing developments on all sites in excess of 0.1 hectares or more than 4 houses where the lands are zoned residential or mixed use where residential is included. The housing strategy requires the transfer of completed houses, serviced sites, a percentage of the site area or other land within the functional area of the planning authority or a payment of an amount of money for the purposes of social and affordable housing in accordance with the agreement between the developer and the council as provided for in the Act. The number of units delivered under Part V up to the end of 2008 and the potential number of units for which agreements are in place for housing developments currently under construction are contained in table 5.1. Table 5.1: Part V Social and Affordable Housing Social Affordable Total Units provided Potential Part V (Schemes under construction) Louth County Development Plan

112 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Residential Mix Part V of the Act and the housing strategy require that there is a range of unit sizes and types to meet the varied housing needs of all sections of the community. This is also necessary to avoid large homogenous housing developments occupied predominantly by a single socio-economic group. In particular, the provision of increased numbers of units for one or two persons, starter homes, affordable housing and units designed or capable of easy adaptation for older people, people with disabilities and people with specific housing requirements will be encouraged. Where a mix of conventional housing and apartment developments are proposed, care should be taken to ensure that the houses and apartments are complimentary to each other in terms of the design, proportions and materials used. RES 1 RES 2 To apply the provisions of Part V and the Louth Housing Strategy to residential developments and mixed use developments where residential units are included. To secure greater social integration and preservation of family and community ties through the provision of an appropriate mix of house type within residential areas in accordance with the provisions of the Louth Housing Strategy. 5.3 Social Housing Housing Programme The council maintains a rented stock of 843 housing units. This is a significant increase from 498 units in 2003 and is a direct result of the accelerated building programme delivered by the council during this period. The Housing Needs Assessment completed in March 2008 revealed that 644 applicants are in need of housing compared to 276 in Off the 644 applicants on the housing list, the majority 371 were single people, 155 were single parents with children and some 118 couples with children. Building programmes by the local authority are based on an allocation of new home starts from the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government on a four year multi-annual programme basis. The Housing Action Plan sets out a social housing delivery program over that period including capital allocation. It is subject to the prevailing budgetary situation at the time Affordable Housing Scheme Under the Affordable Housing Scheme 1999, local authorities are directly involved in the provision of affordable housing units on council land. A total of 69 houses have been provided by the council under this scheme up to February It is anticipated that a further forty-one units will be added by the Louth County Development Plan

113 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities end of Beyond that no definite proposals are in the pipeline although the Housing Action Plan has a target of twenty for Rental Accommodation Scheme The Rental Accommodation Scheme (RAS) is an initiative introduced to cater for the accommodation needs of people who are in receipt of rent supplement for more than eighteen months and who have a long-term housing need. In Louth at present there are approximately 1500 people in receipt of rent supplement of which approximately 740 are in receipt for a period in excess of eighteen months. The scheme is being administered by local authorities and is intended to provide an additional source of good quality rented accommodation for eligible persons and to enhance the response of local authorities to meet long-term housing need Social Housing Investment Programme 2009 In February 2009, the government issued the Social Housing Investment Programme Licensing Arrangements This scheme provides for local authorities to lease dwellings for periods of 10 to 20 years from private developers and to rent houses so leased to qualifying applicants instead of the construction of new local authority housing Voluntary Housing and Co-operative Sector A number of voluntary housing organisations contribute to the social housing stock within the county. The council recognises the valuable contribution made by the voluntary housing sector and will continue to co-operate with such groups in the delivery of housing units in the county. Table 5.2: Voluntary Housing Output Housing Association Location Units Foscadh Housing Association Collon 8 North and East Housing Association Tullyallen 11 Grange and District Housing Association Carlingford 12 St. John of God Ardee 2 RES 3 RES 4 RES 5 To implement the council s Housing Action Plan. To implement the Rental Accommodation Scheme (RAS) and the Social Housing Investment Programme 2009 To facilitate and co-operate with the voluntary housing and co-operative sector in the provision of social and affordable housing. Louth County Development Plan

114 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Traveller Accommodation The council is currently reviewing its Traveller Accommodation Programme for the period , in accordance with the requirements of the Housing (Traveller Accommodation) Act, There are currently no roadside travellers requiring accommodation in County Louth. The current programme envisages that accommodation needs can be met through standard local authority housing. RES 6 To meet accommodation needs of travellers by way of standard local authority housing. 5.4 Residential Development The Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government has recently published a number of guidelines in relation to residential developments. These include the following - Delivering Homes, Sustaining Communities, Sustainable Urban Design Guidelines Standards for Apartments 2007, Quality Housing for Sustainable Communities and the Guidelines on Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas and its accompanying Urban Design Manual. The council will require that all residential developments comply with the Department s guidelines in addition to development management assessment criteria as set out below. In particular, the council considers that the twelve assessment criteria grouped under the headings neighbourhood, site and buildings as detailed in the Urban Design Manual are valuable as a guide to development and should be adhered to. These are set out in table 5.3. Table 5.3: Assessment Criteria Urban Design Guidance Scale Issue Objectives Neighbourhood Area 1. Context 2. Connectivity 3. Inclusively 4. Variety To promote places that are locally distinctive having regard to their setting and context. To promote places that allow for ease of movement, permeability and integration. To promote places that are accessible to all in terms of social integration, provide physical access to all and respond to local needs. To promote places that contain a mixture of viable uses and are able to respond to local needs. Louth County Development Plan

115 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Site Building 5. Efficiency 6. Distinctiveness 7. Layout 8. Public realm 9. Adaptability 10.Privacy amenity 11. Parking and 12. Detailed Design To promote places that make efficient use of land and are designed to respond to the challenge of climate change. To promote places that build upon existing site assets, have a clear identity, are legible and easy to navigate. To promote places with layouts, streets and spaces that are people friendly. To promote public spaces that have vitality, are safe and secure, attractive and accessible to all. To promote places that are designed to be adaptable through time. To promote the design of buildings that provide good standards of privacy and amenity. To promote the integration of car parking in the urban environment in a way that is well located, secure and attractive. The design of the building should make a positive contribution to the locality. RES 7 To require that new residential developments are consistent with the DoEHLG guidelines and Urban Design Manual. 5.5 Master Plans Master plans are a valuable tool in ensuring the sustainable development of large areas of land particularly where such land is in multiple ownership. Master plans should be prepared by the applicant in consultation with the council and should establish strategic planning principles for each area including phasing, infrastructure provision, community facilities, density, layout, open spaces, landscaping and development design brief. The principles elements of master plans are detailed below. Whilst this checklist provides a guide to the preparation of a master plan, it is not intended to be an exhaustive list. Therefore it is recommended that applicants and designers engage in a scoping exercise with the council in advance of the preparation of master plans in order to ensure that all relevant aspects of the proposed development are included. The agreed master plan shall be submitted with planning applications for all areas falling within the master plan boundary. Louth County Development Plan

116 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Checklist for the Preparation of Master Plans 1. Is the master plan consistent with the policies and objectives the Plan? Where appropriate applicants should have regard to policy in relation to infrastructure as set out by policies TC 5 to TC Is the master plan in compliance with the range of guidance documents issued by the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, with regard to design, density, the provision of educational and other facilities and flooding. 3. Is the master plan and design brief reflective of the twelve key considerations set out in the Urban Design Manual - A Best Practice Guide? 4. Does it establish an overall urban design framework for the development of the area including design guidance on quality architectural treatments, respect to topography, urban structure and built form consistent with the established character of the town and village? 5. Is an integrated infrastructure framework plan included for roads, cycle and pedestrian paths, bus routes, public lighting and water services? 6. Have the principles of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) and water conservation measures been incorporated? 7. Has an audit of essential community facilities such as availability of school places, crèches and local shops been carried and where deficiencies have been identified, has provision been made to address these in the master plan? 8. Does it demonstrate how the development connects with the town or village centre, adjoining residential neighbourhoods and planned employment areas, in terms of safe and accessible pedestrian and vehicular linkages? 9. Does it contain a detailed design brief and guidance on the provision of high quality urban design and built form consistent with or complementary to the established character of the town or village and adjoining areas? 10. Does it include a comprehensive topographical survey setting out information on existing land form, flora and fauna including trees, hedgerows and other natural and manmade features? 11. Has a landscape plan been included, including where practical the retention of natural and man made features that give character to the area? 12. Does the master plan provide for the phasing of the development in spatial terms as well as the roll out of essential social and physical infrastructure? 13. Does it provide for the integration of sustainable design and building methods which promote energy conservation and efficiency? RES 8 To require developers and landowners to prepare master plans to ensure integrated and coherent development of large scale developments. 5.6 Homezone Principles Homezones can facilitate higher density development due to the provision of on street parking and by designing the streets as attractive public spaces, thus reducing the requirement for private amenity for each dwelling unit. As such they are most suitable for town and village centres and edge of centre sites. The principles are however generic and therefore applicable across a range of instances and may be suitable in certain circumstances, especially where higher density schemes are proposed. Louth County Development Plan

117 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Homezones characteristics include: 1. Shared surface for vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists. A variety of surface treatments suited to a pedestrian environment, trees, planting and street furniture. Bollards and street lighting should be incorporated to afford pedestrian protection. 2. Features which require drivers to drive slowly such as speed bumps, ramps, chicanes, unclear junction priorities and restricted carriageway widths designed for a normal peak flow in the region of 100 vehicles per hour. 3. Vehicle pathways should be not less than 3 metres with passing opportunities provided in the carriageway at least every 50 metres. 4. Entrances clearly marked by localised signage and physical changes in the street surface. 5. High degree of permeability is important throughout the development therefore extensive use of cul-de-sacs is not desirable. 6. Bus routes within comfortable walking distance in the range 100 to 200 metres. 7. One way streets are not encouraged due to the tendency for vehicle drivers to increase speed in such areas. 8. Effective pedestrian and cycle desire lines should be provided. 9. Careful consideration of the requirements of people with mobility impairments including people with physical disabilities, people with sensory impairment, parents with prams, young children and older people. Special attention should be made to surface treatments. 10. Incorporation of a wide variety of housing design and development layout, including variations in building lines, building heights, deviations in the width and alignment of vehicle paths, variety of surface treatments and extensive use of street furniture and planting. RES 9 To encourage the use of homezone design principles in the design of residential layout where appropriate. 5.7 Energy Performance of Dwellings The EU Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD) contains a range of provisions aimed at improving energy performance of residential and non-residential buildings, both new-build and existing. As part of the Directive, a Building Energy Rating (BER) certificate, which is effectively an energy label, will be required at the point of sale or rental of a building, or on completion of a new building. The current minimum energy performance requirements for residential buildings are set out in the Second Schedule to the Building Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 497 of 1997). Amendments to these statutory regulations came into effect from the 1st of July 2008, Louth County Development Plan

118 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities namely, the Building Regulations (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 854 of 2007). The provisions of these regulations be must be complied with. The council will encourage both passive and active solar design principles in residential developments in the interest of energy conservation and the reduction of green house gases. Passive solar design refers to matters such as orientation, size of openings and glazed areas, internal layout and avoidance of overshadowing. Active solar design does not rely on site orientation or layout but is incorporated within building design to maximise energy efficiency and includes the use of technology such as solar panels, geothermal heat pumps and wood pellet burners in conjunction with very high levels of building insulation. In this regard the council considers it appropriate that at least 25% of all residential energy requirements should be obtained from renewal energy sources. RES 10 RES 11 To require that all residential units comply with improved energy ratings as set out under the amended Building Regulations (S.I. No. 854 of 2007). To require applicants for residential developments to demonstrate that a minimum of 25% of the energy requirements of the building is from renewable sources. 5.8 Housing Layout Guidelines Layout New residential layouts should have user friendly designs to the forefront and high levels of connectivity and integration with existing areas. Thus excessively long cul-de-sac layouts should be avoided. Development proposals should have layouts which provide for and facilitate all forms of movement with desire lines to create a permeable interconnected series of routes that are easy and logical to navigate around. The housing units should be focused on the streets and on creating active frontages by facing the front door directly onto the street. The streets should be designed as places where people live instead of just roads, thereby helping to creating a suitable environment whereby pedestrians, cyclists and children have priority. Traffic calming measures should be incorporated into the design and layout of the development rather than by the retro fitting of measures such as speed humps. Louth County Development Plan

119 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Security and Defensible Space All proposals for new residential developments should be in accordance with the principles of defensible space. The key feature in defensible space is the importance of designing layouts which provide natural surveillance and some control over access thus enhancing the perceived ownership of an area by its residents. Public lighting must be designed to ensure there are no dark alleys or other unilluminated public areas. Housing should overlook car-parking areas and bus stops. Designers are advised to liaise with the local Garda at the early stage of designing the scheme in order to secure advice in relation to the elimination of aspects of the design that might give rise to anti-social behaviour Flexibility Housing should be designed so as to be flexible, allowing for extensions to be built at a later stage. Larger housing units designed to be split into separate residential units or workspaces may be acceptable to the council if such an option is designed into the building at the outset. Appropriate provision of car parking and concerns regarding residential amenity would need to be addressed Access for all In all proposals for new residential development, adequate provision should be made to enable people with mobility impairments to safely and independently access and use a building. When designing residential layouts, provision for movement for people with mobility impairments should be included at the design stage. Such provision should provide reasonable access to open space, public transport facilities and other public areas Lifetime Housing Lifetime housing developments and units are designed to accommodate the changing needs of the groups, families and individuals who will occupy them over the course of the house s lifetime. These needs will vary as each individual s circumstances change and the homes are designed to be inherently flexible in this respect. Lifetime homes should be fully physically accessible and easily adaptable at minimum cost with minimum disruption. The principles of universal, inclusive, barrier free design must be demonstratively applied where possible Building Lines The desirability of creating different urban forms will require a more varied building line in order to reduce the often regimented appearance of suburban layouts. However, where there are established building lines, particularly on infill development sites, these should be respected. Louth County Development Plan

120 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities RES 12 To ensure that a high degree of building flexibility is incorporated into the design of new dwellings within the county including adaptability to lifetime housing needs and provision of accessibility for people with impaired mobility Bus Routes and Stops Within larger new residential developments, care should be taken to permit full penetration by public transport services when designing internal circular distribution routes. The overall layout should contribute to the efficient and logical movement of buses around the area. Bus routes should be identified and included in proposed layouts. Careful consideration should be given to the provision of bus routes including the location of bus stops and lay-bys. Bus stops should be provided in locations where the majority of dwellings are at a maximum distance of 400 metres and should be located close to the main public road. The design of surface treatments adjacent to bus infrastructure should highlight pedestrian needs and include dropped kerbs, tactile surfaces and clear signage. RES 13 To require that master plans and planning applications for large scale residential developments identify bus routes and the location of bus stops and lay-bys in such a manner as to ensure that the majority of residents are no more than 400 metres from a stop Pedestrian and Cycle Infrastructure The building of new roads, road improvement schemes and new residential developments, presents opportunities for the provision of pedestrian and cycle routes. Pedestrian and cycle routes should be as direct as practicable between commercial and residential areas and major attractors such as shops, schools and other community facilities, including public transport. There is a preference for segregated pedestrian and cycle tracks where possible. In order to reduce dependency on car usage, it will be necessary to improve facilities for pedestrians and cyclists. The provision of better facilities for pedestrians and cyclists will encourage the use of more sustainable forms of transport. Louth County Development Plan

121 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities RES 14 To require that master plans and planning applications for residential developments identify pedestrian and cycle paths within the site and externally to adjoining residential areas, existing services and community facilities School Transport Traffic congestion owing to journeys to schools has become a significant element in morning rush hour traffic. In relation to existing schools, initiatives such as the walking bus and dedicated cycling routes could provide safe and viable alternatives to the car. RES 15 To ensure that provision is made for safe and viable alternatives to the car for school traffic such as the walking bus and dedicated cycling routes, in any major planned housing development and in town and village centres. 5.9 Residential Standards Density The council recognises the benefits of increased residential density as recommended in the DoEHLG s Residential Density Guidelines for Planning Authorities The need for higher densities was based on consideration for trends towards smaller average household sizes, the need to encourage the provision of affordable housing and to support a more efficient use of energy in the residential developments. Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas 2007 reviewed and revised the 1999 Residential Density Guidelines, particularly with regard to appropriate densities in smaller towns and villages. The revised guidelines recommend that for towns and villages with a population of less than 5,000, new development should contribute to maintaining compact forms and its scale should be in proportion to existing development. The guidelines also require that new development should provide for easy connectivity to existing facilities especially by pedestrians and cyclists and that leap frogging of development at some distance from the existing built up area should be avoided. Having regard to the DoEHLG guidelines on residential density and the need to maintain compact urban form, residential development will comply with the density requirements set out in table 5.5. Louth County Development Plan

122 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Table 5.5: Residential Densities for Towns and Villages with populations of less than Densities per Hectare Note Centrally located sites 30 plus Mainly residential schemes or mixed use schemes Edge of centre sites Include a variety of housing types detached dwellings, terraced and apartment style Edge of town and village Densities lower than 15 units per hectare will be considered provided that this lower density does not represent more than 20% of the total planned housing stock and to reduce demand for scattered one off housing. These density guidelines will be applied and further refined as part of the review of the local area plans of the towns and villages of the county. RES 16 To apply density standards in respect of the county s towns and villages as set out in table 5.5 and to carry out further refinement where necessary as part of the review of the local area plans Private Amenity Space The provision of an area of outdoor private amenity space, attaching or available to, each residential unit is important for the quality of the residential environment. Therefore all new residential units will have access to an area of private amenity space. In apartment and innovate layouts, private amenity space may be provided in the form of shared private areas, courtyards, terraces, patios, balconies and roof gardens or any acceptable combination of these. Table 5.6: Private Amenity Space Standards Dwelling Unit Type Min. Private Open Space Standard (Square metres) Houses - 1 and 2 bedroom (Greenfield/suburban) 60 Houses 3 and above bedrooms (Greenfield/suburban) 80 Louth County Development Plan

123 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Houses (Town Centre/brown field) 50 Apartments/Duplexes (Greenfield/suburban) 1 bedroom unit 2/3 bedroom unit Apartments/Duplexes (Town Centre/ brownfield) 1 bedroom unit 2/3 bedroom unit Where it is considered appropriate in the interests of protecting residential amenity, the council will attach planning conditions requiring that certain categories of exempted development permissible within the curtilage of a private dwelling will not take place. This may include domestic garages, sunrooms and extensions. RES 17 To require that private amenity space is in accordance with the quantitative standards set out in table Public Open Space Qualitative Requirements The provision of public open space within residential developments is a key requirement in the provision of high quality residential areas. The basic principle governing public open space is that provision should be made for both active and passive open space. Accordingly, open space networks should be an integral part of an overall development and provide linkages to adjoining areas of residential and community facilities. Open space networks should be organised along passive green linear parks, with pockets of active open space, community facilities and schools located close to or along them. In proposed developments public open space should be arranged to facilitate the retention of existing landscape features, such as mature trees, hedgerows, biodiversity rich areas, streams, rivers and archaeological remains. The provision of high-quality landscaping, including the provision of semi mature trees, should be an integral part of any residential development. Finished levels for public open space relative to adjoining areas and full details of hard and soft landscaping, play equipment and furniture should be provided as part of Louth County Development Plan

124 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities planning applications. Passive surveillance, accessibility and linkages to other public open spaces, existing and proposed, should be incorporated into the layout. Peripheral areas, narrow tracks, back land areas and poorly proportioned areas will not be considered acceptable. No area of public open space should be less than 200 square metres in area and no boundary shall be less than ten metres in length. It is recommended that public open space should be provided in a variety of forms to cater for the active and passive recreational needs of the community. Informal, flat kick-about areas Playgrounds for a specific age group, that is, local equipped play areas (LEAP) as specified by the National Playing Fields Association for 4-8 year olds or a neighbourhood equipped areas for play (NEAP) for 8-12 year olds. Circuit training facilities Formal playing fields Village greens in larger developments Landscaped gardens Small parks or natural parkland utilising existing and enhancing native flora and fauna Seating and rest areas Paved areas should be designed using sustainable urban drainage principles (SUDS) Quantitive Standards Table 5.7 sets down the quantitative standards for open space in residential areas. Table 5.7: Quantitative Standards for Public Open Space Minimum Percentage of the gross Site Area Standard Requirement* 15 % Institutional Lands 20 % *Where residential developments are in close proximity to public parks or other natural amenities or in the town centre, a relaxation of the above standards may be permitted. Where open space standards cannot be achieved, more intensive recreational facilities may be accepted by the council in lieu. RES 18 RES 19 To require that the quantitative standards, as detailed in table 5.7, are provided as public open space in all new residential developments and that the qualitative requirements described above are adhered to. To ensure that no area of public open space is less than 200 square metres in area and no boundary is less than 10 metres in length. Louth County Development Plan

125 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Car Parking Provision Car parking provision is important particularly in low density suburban sites and less so within high density sites in town centres or close to public transport facilities. Car parking spaces should be provided in accordance to table 5.8 below and designed to comply with the principles of passive surveillance. Table 5.8: Residential Car Parking Standards Spaces per dwelling unit Greenfield Sites/Suburban 2.0 Brownfield/Town Centre 1.0* *A relaxation of this requirement may be considered in certain town and village centre sites where the applicant can demonstrate that there are satisfactory alternative transport modes readily available. The above standards are applicable in respect to both conventional housing, apartments and duplexes. However, within town centres, where infill development is proposed, the above standards may be relaxed and a financial contribution in lieu of the provision of car parking by the developer may be acceptable. RES 20 To ensure residential car parking provision as set down in table 5.8 are adhered to Privacy and Spacing between Buildings The design and layout of a development should ensure sufficient privacy for its intended residents both within the dwelling and within an area of garden close to each dwelling. A distance of at least 22 metres is recommended between the windows of habitable rooms which face those of another dwelling. In the case of windows of non-habitable rooms, within 22 metres of another facing window, obscure glazing may be acceptable. Roof terraces and balconies are not acceptable where they would directly overlook neighbouring habitable rooms or rear gardens. Where new buildings are located very close to adjoining buildings, the council may require that daylight and shadow projection diagrams be submitted. The recommendations of Site Layout Planning for Daylight and Sunlight: A Guide to Good Practice (B.R.E.1991) or B.S Lighting for Buildings, Part : Code of Practice for Day lighting should be followed Internal Space Requirements Recommended minimum internal space requirements for houses and apartments are set down in the DoEHLG documents Quality Housing for Sustainable Communities 2007 and Sustainable Urban Housing: Design Standards for New Apartments (2007). Internal Louth County Development Plan

126 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities space requirements and room sizes are primarily determined by the uses of individual rooms and spaces. Living room and bedroom spaces should be well proportioned, in terms of floor shapes and ceiling heights, so as to provide a good quality living environment for the occupants. It is important that the standards should relate to floor areas of different types of apartments and make provision for storage areas, balconies, patios and room dimensions. In line with the recommendations set out in the guidelines, the Plan requires that the minimum requirements for apartment sizes should not be taken as the norm and the majority of apartments in any scheme should exceed the minimum standard. It is considered that this is a reasonable and necessary requirement to ensure that new apartment development will provide for a sustainable and attractive living environment for future residents. In this regard, the Plan sets out the following requirements: Tables 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, 5.12, 5.13, 5.14 and 5.15 which are abstracted from the DoEHLG guidelines set out the required space provision and room size requirements for typical dwellings and apartments. All proposed residential developments should be designed to comply with these guidelines. Table 5.9: Space Provision and Room Sizes for Typical Dwellings G GREGAT Dwelling Type Target Gross Floor Area Minimum Main Living Room Aggregate Living Area Aggregate Bedroom Area Storage (m²) (m²) (m²) (m²) (m²) Family dwellings for 3 or more persons (P) 4 bed / 7P House ( 3 storey) 4bed / 7P House (2 storey) 4bed / 7P House (1 storey) 4bed / 7P Apartment bed / 6P House (3 storey) 3bed / 6P House (2 storey) 3bed / 6P House (1 storey) 3bed / 6P Apartment bed / 5P House (3 storey) 3bed / 5P House (2 storey) 3bed / 5P House (1 storey) 3bed / 5P Apartment Louth County Development Plan

127 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities 3bed / 4P House (2 storey) 3bed / 4P House (1 storey) 3bed / 4P Apartment bed / 4P House (2 storey) 2bed / 4P House (1 storey) 2bed / 4P Apartment bed / 3P House (2 storey) 2bed / 3P House (1 storey) 2bed / 3P Apartment bed / 2P House (1 storey) 1bed / 2P Apartment Sources: Quality Housing for Sustainable Communities, Best Practice Guidelines for Delivering Homes Sustaining Communities DOEHLG 2007 Table 5.10: Minimum Floor Areas and Standards for Apartments Minimum Overall Apartment Floor Areas One bedroom 45 sq m Two bedrooms 73 sq m Three bedrooms 90 sq m Table 5.11: Minimum Aggregate Floor Areas for Living / Dining / Kitchen Rooms and Minimum Widths for the Main Living / Dining Rooms Apartment Type Width of living / dining room Aggregate floor area of living/ dining / kitchen area* One bedroom 3.3m 23 sq m Two bedrooms 3.6m 30 sq m Three bedrooms 3.8m 34 sq m Note: an enclosed (separate) kitchen should have a minimum floor area of 6.5 sq.m. In most cases, the kitchen should have an external window. Louth County Development Plan

128 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Table 5.12: Minimum Bedroom Floor Areas and Widths Type Minimum width Minimum floor area Single bedroom 2.1 m 7.1 sq m Double bedroom 2.8 m 11.4 sq m Twin bedroom 2.8m 13 sq m * Note: Minimum floor areas exclude built in-storage presses. Table 5.13: Minimum Aggregate Bedroom Floor Areas One bedroom Two bedrooms Three bedrooms 11.4 sq m sq m = 24.4 sq m sq m = 31.5 sq m Table 5.14: Minimum Storage Space Requirements One bedroom Two bedrooms Three bedrooms or more bedrooms 3 sq m 6 sq m 9 sq m TARGETS FLOORAREA Table 5.15 Minimum Floor Areas for Main Apartment Balconies One bedroom 5 sq m Two bedrooms 7 sq m Three bedrooms 9 sq m Source: Sustainable Urban Housing, Design Standards for New Apartments, 2007 RES 21 RES 22 RES 23 To require that all proposed residential developments including apartments comply with the internal space provisions as set out in tables 5.8 to To require that the minimum apartment sizes set out in table 5.9 is exceeded by at least 20% in respect of not less than 50% of the total number of units in the scheme. To ensure that in any apartment development of 30 or more units, 40% of the units should exceed 80 square metres in area Waste Storage Adequate provision should be made for the storage, segregation and recycling of waste and for convenient access for its deposit and collection as detailed in table Refuse enclosures should be designed so that they are integrated with the building or boundary enclosures and are well screened. Louth County Development Plan

129 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Table 5.16: Provision for Waste Storage Units type Detached Semi Detached Terraced Duplex Apartment Provision requirements Direct external access should be made available from the rear of the dwelling to the public road for collection. Communal bin storage facilities should be provided at secure, well screened locations convenient to the units served and for the purposes of collection. Communal bin storage facilities should be provided in a secure well ventilated space within the basement of the apartment block convenient to the units served and for the purposes of collection. RES 24 To ensure that provision is made for the storage, segregation and recycling of waste and for convenient access for its deposit and collection Building Heights In general, all new development should be consistent in height with adjoining structures. Within developments there should be a mixture of typologies and sizes. Except in exceptional circumstances, the council considers that residential buildings should not exceed four storeys in height, including roof space development, except where provision for higher buildings is provided for in any local area plan. RES 25 To require that residential buildings shall not exceed four storeys in height, including roof space development, except where provision for higher buildings is provided for in any local area plan Naming of Estates The council will require the naming of residential developments to reflect local or historical place names in accordance with the Department of the Environment and Heritage and Local Government circular entitled Naming of Streets and Roads, Numbering of houses and the Use of Irish. The naming Louth County Development Plan

130 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities of all developments shall seek and gain the approval of the Louth Local Authorities Place Names Committee Public Art Public art should be provided alongside infrastructure and development schemes through the Percent for Arts Scheme administered by the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government. The council should be consulted on opportunities for permanent art to reflect the area s heritage and to enhance focal points within towns, villages and developments. RES 26 To require planning applications for residential schemes in excess of seventy five dwelling units incorporate works of public art Management Where it is intended that roads, services or public spaces will be retained in private or communal ownership, estate management schemes should be prepared and implemented. These arrangements must be approved by the council and covered by a condition attached to the relevant planning permission Taking in Charge of Housing Estates The council is required under the provisions of Section 180 of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 to take in charge roads, open spaces, car parks, sewers, watermains and drains where requested to do so by the person carrying out the development or by a majority of the owners or occupiers of the houses involved. The council s policy and procedures in relation to taking in charge housing estates is set down in the policy document Procedures for Taking in Charge of Recently Completed Housing Estates. This document is attached as appendix 8. RES 27 To take in charge on request housing developments of two or more houses where the development has been completed to the satisfaction of the council in accordance with the permission and any conditions to which the permission is subject and having regard to the policy document Procedures for Taking in Charge of Recently Completed Housing Estates Community Facilities Successful communities require a wide range of local services and facilities. These include employment, shops, childcare, educational, health, civic amenities and leisure based activities. All community facilities as far as is practical should be readily accessible from residential areas by safe, convenient and direct walking routes. In this regard, the layouts of new residential developments need to facilitate pedestrian and cycle movements. Louth County Development Plan

131 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities It is essential that new residential developments in the county are carried out in such a manner as to provide for the provision of childcare facilities, healthcare, nursing homes, community buildings, sports facilities and amenity schemes in tandem with the completion of houses. To facilitate this, applicants for planning permission for residential developments on sites over 1 hectare (2.47 acres) or for more than 50 residential units, will be required to submit an audit of community facilities as part of the planning application. This should provide details of all available community facilities in the locality and where a shortfall in facilities exist, demonstrate how this will be made good, either through provision on site or such other means as is acceptable to the council. COM 1 COM 2 To require applications for residential developments on sites of one hectare or over or for more than 50 residential units provide an audit of existing community facilities in the locality and where a shortfall in facilities exist, demonstrate how this will be made good, either through provision on site or such other means as is acceptable to the council. To identify and zone land within local area plans for the purposes of providing or extending community facilities where a demonstrated need exists Schools and Education In July 2008, the Department of Education and Science and the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government published a joint document entitled The Provision of Schools and the Planning System - A Code of Practice for Planning Authorities. This is part of a package of initiatives designed to facilitate the timely and cost-effective provision of schools, particularly primary schools and school related infrastructure. It includes new mechanisms for site identification and acquisition. There are currently seventy-five primary and seventeen post-primary schools and one third level institution, Dundalk Institute of Technology, within County Louth. Louth County Development Plan

132 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities Table 5.17: Primary Schools in County Louth Ordinary Special Total Number of schools Table 5.18: Post - Primary Schools in County Louth Secondary Vocational Community Comprehensive Total Numbers in Co. Louth Source: Department of Education The Department of Education and Science calculates future primary school requirements on the basis of 12% of the overall population in school catchment areas and on the basis of twenty five pupils per classroom. The council will adopt these guidelines in relation to the calculation of future primary school demands and will require that master plans and large scale applications provide school sites in accordance with it. COM 3 COM 4 COM 5 To co-operate with the Department of Education in the identification of need and provision of school sites. To identify and zone lands as required in local area plans for schools and educational infrastructure as required. To facilitate and encourage multi-school campus arrangements incorporating both primary and secondary levels Childcare Facilities Childcare may be defined as full day care, session facilities and services for pre-school children and school going children during out of school hours. It is recognised that the increased female participation in the labour force together with social change has resulted in a major increase in the demand for childcare. Access to good quality childcare facilities contributes to the social, emotional and educational development of children. The Childcare Facility Guidelines for Planning Authorities which were published by the Department of the Environment and Local Government in 2001 advocate a more proactive role by the council in the promotion of increased childcare Louth County Development Plan

133 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities provision. The Department s guidelines recommend the provision of a twenty unit crèche or child care facility for every seventy-five houses within new developments. Where it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the council that there are sufficient childcare spaces available in the locality, the council will not require that additional child care facilities be provided. Where this applies, developers will be required to provide other community benefits by way of direct provision or financial contribution in lieu as agreed with the council. The National Childcare Strategy produced by the Department of Health and Children and the Louth Childcare Strategy aim to improve the availability and quality of childcare to meet the needs of both children and parents. A new National Childcare Investment Programme is expected to create a further 50,000 childcare places. COM 6 COM 7 To ensure that adequate and suitable childcare facilities are provided having regard to DoEHLG guidelines and the Louth Childcare Strategy. To seek the provision of additional community benefits by way of direct provision or financial contribution in lieu of the provision of childcare provision where it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the council that there are sufficient childcare spaces available in the locality Nursing Homes The demand for nursing and care facilities for older people has grown over the last number of decades. Advances in the field of medicine as well as improved nutrition and quality of life have increased average life expectancy. Between 2001 and 2007 some 217 bed spaces were provided in private nursing homes in the county. Guidelines for the location of Nursing Homes in County Louth contains a presumption against nursing home developments in the open countryside for reasons relating to unsustainability, poor accessibility, social exclusion and visual intrusion. COM 8 COM 9 To require that nursing homes be located within or adjacent to towns and villages. To ensure that all applications comply with the planning considerations as detailed in Guidelines for the Location of Nursing Homes in County Louth Primary Health Facilities The provision of health care facilities is a function of the Health Service Executive (HSE). The council can assist however by ensuring that provision is made within development plans and local area plans for such facilities. Where new large scale housing development is proposed, the council will require the provision of new or extension to Louth County Development Plan

134 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities existing primary health facilities. It is desirable that good quality, accessible health care is provided in the local community. COM 10 To facilitate the provision of primary health facilities within towns and villages including Category I and Category II(a) settlements and within new large scale residential developments Community Buildings and Sports Facilities Community buildings and sports and recreation facilities play a very important role in fostering a sense of community identity and well being. With the substantial increase in population in the county and projected further growth, it is important that the necessary facilities are provided through the county and in new residential developments. In 2006 the Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy was prepared. The aim of this strategy is to establish a set of strategic objectives to increase opportunities for sport, recreation, play and leisure for the inhabitants of the county. The council will seek to secure the implementation of this strategy over the period of the Plan. COM 11 COM 12 To ensure that adequate provision is made for community buildings, sports and recreational facilities, including playing fields and children play areas in master plans and residential proposals, having regard to the Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy To resist the loss of existing social and community facilities and playing fields Disabled Persons The Barcelona Declaration 2002, of which Ireland is a signatory advocates the right of disabled people to equal opportunities and recognises their contribution to society and the environment they live in. Under the terms of the Barcelona Declaration, the council consulted with people with disabilities and adopted the Louth Local Authorities Disability Implementation Plan This plan outlines actions that the local authority will take to ensure that persons with disability and impaired mobility have unrestricted access to their buildings and services. In addition, Part M of the Building Regulations 1990 requires that all public and private buildings will have provision for suitable access for disabled persons. Louth County Development Plan

135 Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities COM 13 To implement the Louth Local Authorities Disability Implementation Plan COM 14 To ensure that access for disabled persons is provided in accordance with Part M of the Building Regulations The Library Service The council provides a countywide network of library services serving individual communities and the county as a whole. There are five libraries in the county, Drogheda, Dundalk, Carlingford, Ardee and Dunleer. Dundalk and Drogheda provide a regional service. Both libraries have hosted numerous visits by school classes, adult students and other groups. There has been much work carried out in the expansion of IT facilities for the public. These included courses for public use on terminals, public cards for use on public internet terminals and the provision of a wide selection of CD ROMs. In meeting the needs of people at risk of social exclusion, the library service has established links with the local office of the National Council for the Blind whereby blind and partially sighted people can borrow talking books from the library. The council will continue this policy of establishing links with socially excluded members of our society. The smaller libraries and mobile library service continue to improve library participation by reaching communities in the more local centres. The mobile library service has continued to extend its range of stops to suit the needs of the community, incorporating as many stops as possible both urban and rural. COM 15 To continue to improve the library service in County Louth to meet the current and future needs of all members of the community and to strengthen links with socially excluded members and groups of our society Emergency services Dundalk fire service, Drogheda fire service and Louth county fire service all work together to provide operational fire cover for the people of Louth. Fire prevention and building control for the three authorities is provided by Louth County Council. The major emergency plan was reviewed in 2007 in accordance with revised DoEHLG requirements and is currently in place. This plan will be reviewed from time to time to ensure that it remains relevant and up to date in order to ensure the safety of the people of the county. COM 16 To continue to improve the delivery of the fire and emergency services within the county and to review the major emergency plan as required. Louth County Development Plan

136 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity 6.1 Introduction The protection of the recreational and amenity value of County Louth is of great importance to both inhabitants and visitors to the county. Recreation areas perform an important role in creating a sense of community by providing people with an opportunity to congregate and also for children to interact and play together. In addition to its many fine beaches and scenic mountains, Louth has much to offer in terms of active and passive recreational facilities, such as parks, children s play grounds, picnic areas, designated walking and cycling routes and other amenities such as Stephenstown Pond and the facilities at Rathescar Lake. 6.2 Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy and Play The Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy outlines the council s commitment to the development of quality opportunities and facilities for sport, recreation and leisure activities for all through the protection and development of both natural leisure and amenity resources. The adoption of the Louth Play in 2006 and its implementation has contributed significantly to the provision of high quality, age appropriate play facilities and opportunities throughout Louth. Playground facilities have been provided or are proposed to be provided in the towns and villages as set out in table 6.1. Table 6.1: Existing and Proposed Playground Facilities Existing Playgrounds Secured Playground Sites Proposed Playground Sites Ardee Blackrock Annagassan Carlingford Kilcurry Dromiskin Clogherhead Kilkerly Collon Drogheda (2) Faughart Dundalk (3) Louth Village Omeath Tinure Playgrounds may be provided at other sites subject to demand and resources Louth County Development Plan Tallanstown Termonfeckin Dunleer

137 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity RA 1 RA 2 RA 3 RA 4 To implement the Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy and the Louth Play To require developers to provide play and recreational facilities in new residential areas where there is an identified need. To resist the loss of recreational and amenity land and facilities, except, in circumstances where it is demonstrated that additional facilities are being provided at a location accessible to the local community or where there are already sufficient facilities in the locality. To seek improvement in the range, quality and capacity of sporting and recreational facilities through initiatives in partnership with community groups and sporting organisations. 6.3 Environment and Amenities Under the provision of Section 10 (2)(e) of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 there is an obligation on the planning authority to include provision in the development plan for the protection of landscapes, including the preservation of views and prospects and amenities of places and features of natural beauty and interest. County Louth has a number of important areas of outstanding beauty and high amenity value in addition to views and prospects that require protection Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty County Louth contains two distinct areas that have been designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) by reason of their unspoiled natural landscapes and spectacular scenic quality. These are listed in table 6.2 and illustrated on map 6.1. Table 6.2: Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty Reference AONB1 AONB2 Area Carlingford and Feede Mountains Clogherhead and Port Oriel The larger of the two areas is found in the north of the county and encompasses the Carlingford and Feede Mountains. Slieve Foye at 588 O.D and Black Mountain at 508 O.D are the highest points in the range. Much of the area remains in its natural state, covered in gorse, bracken and heather, parts of which are designated a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and a proposed Natural Heritage Area (pnha) under European and Irish legislation. Spectacular views are available from a number of vantage points over Carlingford Louth County Development Plan

138 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity Lough to the Mourne Mountains in Northern Ireland and over Dundalk Bay to the central and south of County Louth. The second area designated as an AONB is located at Clogherhead and encompasses Port Oriel and the surrounding headland. Although less rugged and remote than the Carlingford and Feede Mountains, this area, nevertheless, contains equally spectacular views eastwards to the Irish Sea, southwards towards the Boyne Estuary and County Meath and northwards over Dundalk Bay to the Carlingford and Mourne Mountains. This area is encompassed within the boundaries of the Clogherhead Local Area Plan. Both these designated areas are extremely sensitive environments and are therefore afforded a high degree of protection in the Plan. RA 5 To protect the unspoiled natural environment of the AONB for the benefit and enjoyment of current and future generations Areas of High Scenic Quality The Areas of High Scenic Quality (AHSQ), whilst not quite possessing the exceptional natural beauty and landscape quality of the AONB, nevertheless add significantly to the stock of natural scenic landscapes within the county. All of these areas are currently farmed, although the quality of the land for farming purposes varies considerably from area to area. The council considers it important that AHSQ are protected from excessive development, particularly from inappropriate one-off urban generated housing, in order to preserve their unspoiled rural landscapes. AHSQ as identified in the Plan have been retained but it is considered appropriate to add additional areas at Dunany Point, Ardee Bog and to make an adjustment to the Mount Oriel AHSQ in order to include the pnha to the east of Collon Village. Table 6.3: Areas of High Scenic Quality (AHSQ) AHSQ 1 AHSQ 2 AHSQ 3 AHSQ 4 AHSQ 5 AHSQ 6 Feede Mountains and Cooley Area Monasterboice Boyne Valley / King Williams Glen Collon Uplands Dunany Ardee Bog Louth County Development Plan

139 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity RA 6 To protect the unspoiled rural landscapes of the AHSQ for the benefit and enjoyment of current and future generations. The map below illustrates the locations and boundaries of the AONB and AHSQ in County Louth. Map 6.1: Location and boundaries of Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and Areas of High Scenic Quality Louth County Development Plan

140 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity 6.4 The Coastline The coastline of County Louth stretches for more than 120 kilometres, from north of Omeath in Carlingford Lough to Drogheda on the Boyne Estuary. The coastline and the adjoining landscapes vary considerably in character from the steep mountainous slopes of Carlingford Lough to the flat and undulating landforms and sand dune systems of mid and south Louth. There are a number of attractive beaches which provide excellent recreational opportunities for local residents and day trippers from the surrounding counties. These include Blackrock, Lurganboy, Termonfeckin Strand, Gyles Quay, Port Beach, Shellinghill (Templetown) and Clogherhead. The latter three are blue flag beaches. The production of an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) plan for Louth is a requirement of the EU and the Irish government. Currently, a national ICZM is being progressed by the Coastal and Marine Resources Centre, Cork. The purpose is to put in place mechanisms to manage both the landscape and seascape and to ensure that the resource is protected indefinitely into the future. A Scoping Study for an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan for Carlingford Lough was undertaken in This study contains a review of the current roles of those responsible for the Lough, details conflicts and opportunities that may benefit from an ICZM approach and recommendations for implementation of an ICZM. There is an ICZM plan covering the northern side of the Lough and it is considered desirable that a similar management plan should be put in place on the southern side. RA 7 RA 8 RA 9 To protect the amenity value of the coast and improve public access to coastal amenities, including the provision of car parking facilities at popular beaches. To protect areas at risk from coastal erosion and flooding, subject to available resources. To co-operate with the Coastal and Marine Resources Centre in the preparation of an integrated coastal management plan, in so far as it relates to County Louth and to support the preparation and implementation of a special ICZM to complement the existing management plan for the north side of Carlingford Lough. Louth County Development Plan

141 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity 6.5 Scenic Routes A number of important scenic routes which require protection are listed in table 6.4 below and illustrated on map 6.2 in appendix 8. Any development that would interfere with or adversely affect these scenic routes will not be permitted. Table 6.4: Scenic Routes Ref: SR1 SR2 SR3 SR4 SR5 SR6 SR7 SR8 SR9 SR10 SR11 SR12 SR13 SR14 SR15 SR16 SR17 SR18 SR19 SR20 SR21 SR22 Route Faughart Hill, Faughart Upper Ravensdale Road (Rockmarshall to Drumad) Deerpark Road Dromad via N1, Broughattin Doolargy Anaverna Doolargy Jenkinstown (Minor and Hill) Ballymakellett Jenkinstown to Piedmont Jenkinstown to Omeath via Windy Gap Piedmont Benagh -Spellickanee Bush Windy Gap Edentober Bush Carlingford including Commons Greenore Carlingford-Omeath Coast Road Whitestown- Ballagan Ballytrasna Coast Road, Dromiskin Townparks, Ardee Castlebellingham Annagassan -Clogherhead Termonfeckin Baltray Queensborough-Beaulieu Slane Road, Townley Hall King Williams Glen Mount Oriel (Collon Belpatrick) RA 10 To prohibit development that would interfere with or adversely affect the scenic routes as identified in table Views and Prospects of Special Amenity Value A number of specific views and prospects of special amenity value are identified in the Plan and are listed in table 6.5. They are illustrated on map 6.2 in appendix 8. These views and prospects are reflective of Louth s unique scenic quality and are notable for their natural scenery and striking landscapes. Louth County Development Plan

142 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity Table 6.5: Views and Prospects Ref: VP 1 VP 2 VP 3 VP 4 VP 5 VP 6 VP 7 VP 8 VP 9 VP 10 VP 11 VP 12 VP 13 VP 14 VP 15 VP 16 VP 17 VP 18 VP 19 VP 20 VP 21 VP 22 VP 23 VP 24 VP 25 VP 26 VP 27 VP 28 VP 29 VP 30 VP 31 VP 32 VP 33 VP 34 Views and Prospects Drummullagh View towards Narrow Water Clermontpase Bridge Clermont Cairn RTE mast Windy Gap Carlingford Lough Glenmore mountains and valley Glenmore mountains and valley Barnavave and Carlingford mountain Jenkinstown Hill towards Dundalk Bay Jenkinstown Hill towards Dundalk Bay Ballymakellett towards Dundalk Bay Faughart Hill Views from Dungooly Crossroads Views of Castle Roche Hackballscross - views of mountains towards Forkhill Killin Golf Course - views of mountains towards Forkhill Dromiskin -sea views across to Dundalk, Cooley and Mourne Mountains North of Annagassan - sea views across to Cooley and Mourne Mountains Salterstown - sea views across to Dundalk Bay towards Cooley and Mourne Mountains Corstown - sea views across to Dundalk Bay towards Cooley and Mourne Mountains Lurganboy - sea views across to Dundalk Bay towards Cooley and Mourne Mountains From Clogherhead Harbour Callystown to Clogherhead Dardisrath towards coast and Clogherhead Brownstown southwards over AHSQ towards Drogheda Newtown Monasterboice towards Monasterboice Tower Tullyesker Hill overview of Battle of Boyne Site Townley Hall Nature Walk view of Battle of the Boyne site Drybridge Escarpment view of Battle of Boyne Site Waterunder Plateau overview of Battle of Boyne Site (Williamite Army) Mount Oriel northwards N2 Funshog eastwards Millockstown southwards Townparks north and southwards RA 11 RA 12 To preserve the views and prospects of special amenity value as identified in table 6.5. To improve, where necessary, public access to viewing points subject to the availability of resources. Louth County Development Plan

143 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity 6.7 Walks and Cycle Paths Walks The attraction of walking and cycling as recreational pursuits has increased significantly in recent years. Both walking and cycling are considered to be essential components of an integrated sustainable transport system as they provide an alternative to the private car or public transport systems. The promotion of walking as a simple, inexpensive way to increase participation levels in physical activity across all ages in the county is highlighted in the Louth Local Sports Partnership and addressed in the Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy It is proposed in the strategy to provide more walking routes throughout the county and to expand the Slí na Sláinte routes. A new Sli na Slainte route has been developed in Carlingford and it is proposed to provide additional routes on an ongoing basis. Improvements have been made to the Táin Way in the Carlingford and Omeath areas by the provision of a safer off road route through forest and on mountain commonage. Signage of the Táin Way has also been upgraded. A Walking Strategy for the Cooley Peninsula has been prepared by the council. This strategy has identified looped walks at Slieve Foy, Maeve s Gap, Greenore, Templetown and in Cooley which will be developed in due course. Map 6.3: The Táin Way Louth County Development Plan

144 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity RA 13 RA 14 RA 15 RA 16 To develop and promote walking trails throughout the county, utilising disused transport links where feasible. To provide additional Slí na Sláinte routes and to improve the existing Táin Way. To work in partnership with Louth Local Authorities and local authorities in adjoining counties to provide a network of walking trails extending both within and beyond the boundaries of County Louth. To implement the Walking Strategy for the Cooley Peninsula subject to the availability of resources Cycling The Development of Irish Cycle Tourism East Coast Midlands includes detailed proposals for a long distance east coast cycling route running from the Cooley Peninsula through counties Louth, Meath and Dublin. It focuses on areas with high potential for holiday cycling and details measures to make them popular and attractive to both domestic and overseas visitors. It also explores the development of inland routes in Louth and in other counties, with an emphasis on re-examining the existing Táin Trail cycling route. Dundalk has been identified as being an ideal cycle hub town where visitors might base themselves and explore the surrounding countryside using a number of loop routes. The viability of new cycle paths is under constant review. RA 17 RA 18 To support the implementation of the Strategy for the Development of Irish Cycle Tourism 2007 in so far as it relates to County Louth. To promote and develop cycle routes throughout the county. 6.8 Amenity Schemes The council completed a number of amenity schemes during the course of the previous development plan at various locations throughout the county. This process will continue during this Plan period subject to the availability of funding. It is proposed to complete the amenity schemes as set out in table 6.6 during the course of the Plan. Other projects may be added to this list depending on the availability of funding. Louth County Development Plan

145 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity The council will, where appropriate, co-operate with development agencies and community groups in the carrying out of schemes designed to improve the stock of amenity and recreational facilities in the county. Table 6.6: Amenity Schemes Location / Facility Installation of exercise route at Darver GAA training grounds Additional Slí na Sláinte routes RA 19 To co-operate, where appropriate, with development agencies and community groups in carrying out schemes designed to improve the stock of amenity and recreational facilities in the county. Louth County Development Plan

146 Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity Louth County Development Plan

147 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism 7.1 Introduction County Louth has a tradition of entrepreneurial flair and industrial innovation. Over the course of the County Development Plan , the county shared in the benefits associated with the Celtic Tiger and has become well positioned as a major manufacturing, commercial and service centre catering for both domestic and international markets. Louth Local Authorities have proactively engaged with the private sector and other agencies to create strong economic partnerships. This has been coupled with the development of a holistic approach to economic development which involves educational institutions, cross border engagement and the establishment of concrete targets for job creation and economic development. The key economic strengths and drivers in County Louth include, inter alia, its strategic location, high quality infrastructure, people resources, education and skills of its workforce and the high quality of life available to its residents. Louth enjoys a very favourable location along the Dublin-Belfast corridor with close proximity to Dublin and the related advantages of easy access to Dublin Airport, Dublin Port, third and fourth level educational institutions and domestic and international markets. It is also very accessible from Belfast and the highly urbanised north east including proximity to Belfast International and City Airports and the sea ports in Belfast and Larne. The A1/M1 motorway linking Dublin and Belfast runs through the heart of the county providing high quality access to national roads and motorway infrastructure. The improved level of rail infrastructure and services provide an alternative and sustainable transportation option for both goods and passenger traffic. Louth is highly urbanised and has a high density of population compared to other rural counties. This is primarily as a result of having within its boundaries two of the largest provincial towns in the country, namely Dundalk and Drogheda. This generates critical mass and a large and well educated labour force, which is an essential resource for economic activity and expansion. Louth County Development Plan

148 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism The high quality of life enjoyed by the residents of County Louth and which is available to potential investors is regarded as a major economic strength of the county County Louth Economic Development Strategy This report presents an economic development strategy for County Louth for the period between 2009 and 2015, which coincides with the timeframe for the Plan. It focuses on the following: Assessment of the economic strengths and weakness of Louth Identification and making of recommendations on economic opportunities that can be successfully delivered Identification of current and future challenges and threats facing the county Making of proposals for a unique County Louth brand and a supporting marketing strategy Identification of potential funding sources and mechanisms Whilst it is accepted that the majority of employment growth will be focused on the two principal urban areas of Dundalk and Drogheda, the Strategy also recognises that there is considerable scope for new economic opportunities in rural County Louth. Table 7.1: Key Development Opportunities for Louth as identified by County Louth Economic Development Strategy Location Louth is ideally placed to capitalize on the advantages afforded to the county arising from its proximate location to Dublin along the Dublin Belfast economic corridor. People Resources The significant commuter population in County Louth points to an opportunity to leverage the high skilled labour pool to market Louth as a location for future investment. Economic Sectors Existing and emerging strengths would suggest that there are potential significant development opportunities for Louth in foreign owned and domestic owned high value industry and internationally traded services, including high end, specialised manufacturing, financial and business services and other commercial activities, including retail. Louth has particular advantages such as high quality visitor attractions, easy access to Dublin Airport and accommodation which indicate significant opportunities to further develop the county as a high quality destination for overseas and domestic holiday and business visitors. Louth County Development Plan

149 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism The following recommendations for the promotion of economic development of the county are contained within the Strategy. 1. The county development plan should target an increase in the population of the county and its main towns to approach 150,000 persons in the county and around 190,000 persons in the wider economic area surrounding the county by The county development plan should facilitate commercial and other development to provide additional employment of between 17,000 and 22,000 jobs in the administrative and economic areas respectively, to support the targeted expansion in population. 3. County Louth should develop a diversified economic base to reduce its vulnerability to any one sector or a limited number of potentially vulnerable sectors. 4. A labour and skills strategy should be implemented which supports the required growth in the workforce while addressing the specific skills required to support the sectoral economic strategy. 5. Continued and intensified efforts should be directed as a priority at addressing specific challenges faced by the county in the areas of unemployment and social exclusion. 6. Deficits in important key infrastructure, such as high quality broadband availability should be addressed in the county to facilitate economic and population growth. 7. Town centre development should continue to focus on ensuring the development of attractive centres for the county s main towns. 8. A marketing and branding strategy should be implemented which capitalises on the strengths of Louth and its constituent main towns as locations for investment and tourism. 9. A co-ordinated and consistent approach to the implementation and delivery of the development strategy is required, supported by appropriate structures at local authority and agency level. 10. A range of public, private and public private partnerships (PPP) funding options should be explored to support the delivery of infrastructure and other priorities. Economic development strategies have also been prepared for the towns of Dundalk, Drogheda and Ardee. The Plan will support the implementation of these in addition to the economic development strategy for the county. EDE 1 To capitalise on the location, natural and people resources of County Louth in the pursuit of the economic development priorities identified in the County Louth Economic Development Strategy and Economic Development of Ardee and support the implementation of similar strategies for Dundalk and Drogheda and to support closer co-operation between Louth County Council, Drogheda Borough Council, Meath County Council and Fingal County Council particularly with regard to economic development within the M1 corridor and the implementation of the Planning Strategy for the Greater Dublin Area. Louth County Development Plan

150 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Employment Opportunities in smaller Towns and Villages The main centres for employment within county Louth are Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer and the council supports the role of these towns as the primary locations for employment generating activities within the county. However, the council also acknowledges the need for greater employment opportunities in smaller settlements and in rural areas. The spread of employment opportunities throughout the county is considered necessary in order to revitalise and sustain rural communities where traditional employment sources, such as agriculture, are in decline. The following settlements are identified as suitable for small scale businesses and enterprise and it is proposed that lands for employment activities will be identified and zoned in the review of the local area plans. Clogherhead Castlebellingham / Kilsaran Louth Village Collon EDE 2 EDE 3 EDE 4 To protect and enhance the status of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer as the principles centres of employment, industrial and commercial activity within the county. To secure a spread of employment opportunities at key strategic locations throughout the county and facilitate the development of local based micro and start up enterprises. To identify and zone lands, if required, for employment activities in the review of the local area plans and to encourage the re-use of derelict and brownfield sites for sustainable economic or recreational purposes. Planning applications for development on any such sites shall be accompanied by an assessment outlining all or any known aspects of the previous uses that could have resulted in the contamination of the site. It is an objective to investigate the feasibility of providing a small business park at the Bush. It should be noted however that the above policies do not preclude the location of industrial and commercial activity elsewhere in the county, where consideration will be given on the merits of each individual proposal Development at Motorway Interchanges The M1 has the potential to act as a major stimulant of economic development and activity by providing high quality road infrastructure and connectivity to air and sea ports and thereby to domestic and international markets. Motorway interchanges are strategic locations much sought after by developers due to the desirability and benefits of having immediate access to the primary road network. However, uncontrolled and poorly regulated development at interchanges can often be problematical. This can be due to such development being solely dependent on roads transport, the possibility of traffic congestion on national routes, the impact on rural landscapes and environments and the costs involved in the provision of other Louth County Development Plan

151 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism infrastructure such as piped services, electricity and gas. Such development can also detract investment from existing towns and settlements that are badly in need of renewal and development. In order to maximise the benefits accruing to the county from the motorway and to regulate development in a sustainable and appropriate manner along its route, the following policies will be applied. EDE 5 EDE 6 To promote and facilitate development at urban related* interchanges in accordance with the zoning provisions of the Dundalk and Environs Plan and the North Drogheda Environs Local Area Plan To resist development at rural-related** motorway interchanges. *Urban related interchanges are Ballymascanlon, Castleblayney Road, Dundalk South interchange and Drogheda North. **Rural related interchanges are Carrickcarnon junction, Drumleck, Charleville, Mooremount and Woodlands Cross Border Economic Co-Operation The emergence of a lasting peace in Northern Ireland presents significant opportunities for co-operation between local authorities, community groups and the private sector in the promotion and development of the region on a cross border basis for the mutual benefit of both. To this end, the International Centre for Local and Regional Development (ICLRD) has developed a number of concepts which include the Newry-Dundalk Twin-City Region and a Newry-Dundalk International Services Zone. It is considered that a twin-city region would have the capacity to facilitate an integrated approach to the strategic planning and special needs of the area and to promote a sustainable central corridor strategy on the eastern seaboard. The International Service Zone concept is based on the Derry- Letterkenny model. Newry-Dundalk is considered a prime location as a centre for internationally traded services due to its location at the centre of the Dublin-Belfast economic corridor. Consideration will also be given to the carrying out of an economic analysis and development strategy focusing on the M1 corridor extending into Northern Ireland and to the counties of Meath and Fingal. Louth County Development Plan

152 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism EDE 7 To co-operate with the International Centre for Local and Regional Development (ICLRD) and the appropriate authorities in Northern Ireland to support joint economic initiatives and programmes for the promotion of the region on a cross border region Adoption of a Partnership Approach A key facet of the economy in County Louth has been the adoption of a partnership approach towards growing the economy. This is manifested in the work of organisations such the County Development Board, Louth County Enterprise Board, DkIT, FÁS, the Chambers of Commerce and Louth Leader Partnership, Enterprise Ireland, the IDA, and the Newry-Dundalk Business Linkage Programme. The partnership approach has been most successful in the work undertaken by the Dundalk Economic Development Group. The DEDG was established by the Louth Local Authorities in 2006, as a partnership initiative bringing private and public sector leaders together to promote Dundalk as an ideal place to live, invest or visit. Its work has been recognised at a national level. EDE 8 To work in partnership with development agencies within the county to promote economic development, enterprise and employment Employment Trends and Opportunities County Louth has traditionally had a strong employment and industrial base centred primarily on the towns of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer. The significant foreign direct investment in new enterprises supported by the Industrial Development Authority (IDA) has taken place in county Louth in more recent years and this has made a very valuable contribution to economic development and employment opportunities. The Dundalk Institute of Technology (DkIT) provides a range of high quality third level diploma and degree courses in the sciences, engineering, building and construction and the number of highly qualified graduates coming out of the college each year is a major strength and opportunity for the county. The changing employment profile of Ireland has been manifested locally in a shift towards information, communications and technology (ICT) based industries, specialised engineering and food processing. Today, the county is rapidly becoming one of Ireland's principal industrial centres and has attracted new growth in the engineering and IT sectors, principally to the two major towns. Louth County Development Plan

153 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism The quality of infrastructure in terms of road, rail and access to sea and air ports, in addition to the high quality of the environment and quality of life, makes the county an attractive location for investment and as a place to live Employment Sectors The breakdown of sectoral employment within the county is set out in table 7.2. Currently the majority of employment in Louth is in commerce (31.1%), education, health and social work (22.3%) and manufacturing (17.9%). A relatively low proportion of the county s population is involved in farming or agricultural activities, reflecting the highly urbanised nature of the county and the general decline in agricultural employment in recent years. Table 7.2: Sectoral Breakdown of Employment in County Louth Economic Sector Number Employed Percentage of Total Commerce 10, Education, health and social work 7, Manufacturing industries 6, Construction 1, Public administration 1, Transport, storage and communications 1, Other 4, Total 34, Source: CSO, POWCAR dataset The economic boom of the past decade has resulted in a significant increase in employment opportunities within the county and a corresponding decrease in the unemployment rate from a peak of 22.3% in 1996 to 11.1% in 2006 (CSO 1996 and 2006). However the 2006 figure of 11.1% is significantly higher than the national average of 8.5%, which is reflective of the existence of high social exclusion and high unemployment within the RAPID areas of the towns of Dundalk and Drogheda. The deteriorating economic climate that has emerged in late 2008 and is continuing, could have serious implications for employment in county Louth and it is likely that the unemployment rate will increase, if only temporarily, until such time as there is a sustained economic upturn. EDE 9 To work in partnership with national and local economic development and employment promoting agencies to support employment generating initiatives within the county. 7.2 Development Management Standards for Industrial and Commercial Developments The council will require that industrial and commercial lands be developed to a very high standard in campus style settings, combining aesthetics with enterprise and attracting Louth County Development Plan

154 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism high calibre business occupiers. In spatial terms this will mean the development of a series of innovative landmark buildings set in attractive landscaped grounds. New development proposals should aim to provide design excellence realised within a hierarchical road structure and a hard and soft landscaping framework. Where appropriate applicants should have regard to policy in relation to road infrastructure as set out by policies TC 5 to TC Landscaping and Amenity Commercial and industrial development should present a pleasant aspect aided by a high quality of landscape design, including tree planting, within both public and private domains. The existing landscape framework and its associated topography should be respected. Landscaping should ensure that the buildings will not be dominated by extensive areas of parking, hard standing and roads, thereby detracting from the quality of the environment. A detailed, high quality landscape plan, planting schedule and planting programme will be required with all applications. Planting shall include semi-mature trees in order to reduce the visual impact of structures on surrounding areas. The provision of a buffer zone of not less than fifteen metres in width will be required where industrial and other land uses adjoin to ensure amenities of adjacent properties are not adversely affected. There should be no significant amenity loss (by way of noise, smell or other nuisance) to immediate neighbours or the area in general resulting from the nature of the proposed business, the amount of traffic generated or the servicing arrangement Surface Water Drainage Adequate measures should be taken by commercial/industrial users and developers in the treatment and disposal of surface water to prevent pollution, including the adoption of the principles of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) in designing surface water management arrangements Sustainable Design All commercial and Industrial development should adopt a sustainable approach to design and building methods including passive design, use of solar energy, low energy performance buildings and the use of renewable energy supplies, in association with Sustainable Energy Ireland and having regard to the Guidelines for Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings as set out in paragraph 9.7 of the Plan.. Louth County Development Plan

155 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Car Parking, Loading and Unloading Provision Car parking shall be provided in accordance with the standards detailed in table 8.6 within chapter 8 of the Plan. However in order to encourage modal shift, a reduction in the car parking standards will be considered where alternative transport arrangements involving greater use of sustainable transport solutions such as public transport, walking and cycling is provided. All surface car parking areas should preferably be located behind the building line, out of view of the general public. Where this is not practical, parking areas should be suitably screened and landscaped. All car parking areas should be suitably surfaced and illuminated. Individual parking spaces should be permanently marked and shall not be less than 5.0m X 2.5m in dimension and shall have appropriate access and circulation aisles. Sufficient loading and unloading bays should be provided. These should be of sufficient size to accommodate loading and unloading operations without encroachment onto any public road or footpath or interfere with the safety and free flow of vehicular traffic or pedestrians Design Where two or more commercial or industrial buildings are being developed, a uniform design for boundary treatments, roof profiles and building lines is recommended. The scale and design of proposed development should be in keeping with the surrounding area and adjoining developments Site Coverage and Plot Ratios The maximum site coverage permitted in industrial areas shall be 50% and the maximum plot ratio shall be 2: Open Storage Any open storage areas shall be located behind the building line and be adequately screened from public view Roads and Footpaths The width of all internal industrial estate roads shall, generally, not be less than 7.3 metres with minimum radii of 10.5 metres at junctions. Visibility splays shall not be less than 70m x 4.5m x 1.05m within speed control zones and 160m x 4.5m x 1.05m elsewhere. Footpaths shall not be less than 1.8 metres in width Nuisance The good neighbour principle should be applied in respect of all industrial and commercial developments where conflict could arise with other established uses. In Louth County Development Plan

156 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism particular, noise emissions, whether from plant, machinery or traffic, shall comply with the provisions of Noise Regulations (S.I. No. 140 of 2006) Trade Effluent Discharges All discharges of trade effluents to sewerage networks or receiving waters shall be subject to a Water Pollution Act Discharge Licence. Specified appropriate pre-treatment of trade effluents shall be required prior to discharge to council sewers Public Water Supplies All supplies to industrial developments shall be metered and consumers shall be charged on basis of usage in accordance with guidelines set out in the Water Services Pricing Fire Prevention Adequate storage and hydrant capacity should be provided in consultation with the fire department of the council Building Regulations Designers, developers and owners should ensure that all buildings and structures comply with the requirements of the Building Regulations Signage Signage shall be kept to a minimum. In order to ensure high quality signage and to safeguard the amenities of the area, a uniform signage scheme should be devised and submitted as part of the planning application for the development to which it relates. Billboards or free standing signage will not normally be permitted Public Artwork Public art should be provided within an open space or focal point within new development schemes, through the Percent for Arts Scheme administered by the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government. The council should be consulted on opportunities for permanent art. 7.3 Commerce and Retail Introduction The level of commerce and retail activity is reflective of the overall economic well being of the economy. County Louth, by reason of its border location, has suffered as a result of different pricing structures, monetary and taxation regimes, north and south of the border. This is particularly evident in recent times and is being further exacerbated by the current economic downturn. The importance of commerce and retail in County Louth is evident from the proportion of the total labour force, some 31.1%, employed in the sector. Louth County Development Plan

157 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Traditionally, the main destination for shopping has been town and village centres. These also acted as the focus for a variety of other activities including business, social, leisure and residential uses. Recent trends have seen the decline of small independent grocers and the emergence of larger supermarkets, franchise based local convenience stores, discount food stores and retail warehouses at out-of-town locations. These emerging trends in the retail sector have increasingly influenced shopping patterns and have created a demand for large shopping centres at locations where extensive car parking facilities are available. The council recognises the importance of retaining the primary role of town centres for commercial and retail activity. Therefore, the retail policies outlined in the Plan aim to preserve the viability and vitality of the town and village centres of the county whilst also recognising the need to provide for new retailing formats to meet consumer demands Louth Retail Strategy 2009 The Retail Planning Guidelines for Planning Authorities 2000 were issued under the provisions of Section 28 of the Planning and Development Act 2000 and were subsequently revised in The purpose of these guidelines is to: Promote a healthy competitive retail environment. Promote forms of retail development which are easily assessable by public transport. Protect the role of town centres and resist large scale out of centre shopping malls Resist large retail centres close to national roads or motorway interchanges Assist local authorities in the preparation of retail policies for incorporation into development plans In order to comply with the guidelines planning authorities are required to prepare retail strategies. The Louth Retail Strategy was prepared and adopted in 2002 and subsequently reviewed in The 2009 Strategy has informed the retail policies of this development plan. The purpose of the Louth Retail Strategy 2009 is to: Promote a healthy, vibrant and competitive retail environment within County Louth Identify the core shopping areas in Dundalk, Drogheda and Ardee Formulate policies to protect the vitality and viability of existing town and village centres Ensure the provision of appropriately scaled convenience retail outlets in new residential areas Establish a county retail hierarchy Define criteria for the assessment of future significant retail developments The Strategy has confirmed that there has been a 127% increase in the retail floor space available within the county since the previous strategy was completed in 2002, with increases of 170% in Drogheda, 108% in Dundalk and 49.2% in Ardee. This represents a very significant increase and is reflective of the progressive development of the county Louth County Development Plan

158 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism over that period. However, the retail policies of the Plan seek to ensure that out of town retailing does not damage existing town and village centres. Table 7.3: Percentage Increase in Retail floor space between 2001 and 2008 County Dundalk Drogheda Ardee 127% 108% 170% 49.2% One of the important functions of the retail strategy was to establish a county retail hierarchy which is set out in table 7.4. The primary positions of Dundalk and Drogheda at level one is recognised whilst the local importance of Ardee places it at level 2. Other important local centres of Blackrock, Dunleer, Collon and Carlingford are included at level 3 and all other villages are at level 4. Table 7.4: County Retail Hierarchy Level Settlement 1 Dundalk, Drogheda 2 Ardee 3 Blackrock, Dunleer, Collon and Carlingford 4 Other smaller towns and villages that there is unlikely to be any additional need or demand over the period of the Plan. The Strategy highlights that Dundalk and Drogheda are well positioned to be the leading retail centres within their respective catchments. It is considered that there is sufficient convenience retail spare capacity in both towns to satisfy requirements up until the year 2012 but thereafter additional convenience floor space will be required depending on demand driven by population growth. In terms of retail warehouses and retail parks the strategy suggests that there is considerable existing floor space and The also concludes that Ardee should continue to develop its convenience retail offer in tandem with its expanding population and that there is a current need for an additional convenience retail store up to 2500 square metres. However, it considers that there is no justifiable need for retail park development. Furthermore, the development of Louth County Development Plan

159 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Ardee s retail comparison offer should be closely linked to the evolution of the town s untapped tourism potential. In the other towns and villages, the priority is to cater sufficiently for the basic convenience and lower order comparison requirements of their existing populations, and the aim is to facilitate retail development commensurate with their population sizes, location and traditional built environment. The retail policies as set out below are inclusive of those recommended in the retail study. EDE 10 EDE 11 EDE 12 EDE 13 EDE 14 EDE 15 To promote a healthy competitive retail environment within County Louth and to maintain the vitality and viability of town and village centres and their role as primary retail core areas. To ensure that applications for retail development comply with the provisions of the Retail Planning Guidelines 2005 and the Louth Retail Strategy To support the development of Dundalk and Drogheda as important regional shopping centres and to maintain the role of Ardee as a sub county retail centre and the retail function of all other settlements, commensurate with locally generated needs. To resist the provision of large scale retail developments outside town centres subject to the application of the sequential test and demonstration that the existing town centre will not be adversely affected. To promote the provision of local retail centres serving small, localised catchment populations in new residential areas, commensurate with locally generated needs. To generally discourage permission for change of use from retail or service (including banks and similar institutions with over the counter services) to nonretail or non service uses at ground-floor level Town and Village Centres Rural town and village centres have traditionally been at the heart of the economic commercial, social and cultural heart of rural communities. They were bustling centres of activity which had a complex mix of uses including residential, retail, professional and other services, leisure and cultural activities. The advent of the motor car and changing consumer demands have resulted in a decline of the role of town and village centres as both the residential and commercial functions sought to relocate to more desirable and accessible out-of-town locations. This has had a negative impact on the fabric and environment of many towns and villages, resulting in a loss of vibrancy and activity particularly outside of business hours. The council recognises the important role that rural towns and villages play in the social and economic life and therefore considers it necessary to devise policies that will protect the vitality and viability of these settlements. The retail policies outlined above which are derived from the Retail Planning Guidelines 2005 and the Louth Retail Strategy 2009 seek to preserve the retail function of town and village centres. It is considered that, though important, retail policies alone will not be sufficient to protect the broader range of essential town and village centre uses. Louth County Development Plan

160 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Town and Village Centre Environments It is important that town and village centres are attractive, safe and easily accessible to all. A number of town and village improvement schemes have been carried out during the period of the last plan, in co-operation with local Tidy Towns Committees. The success of Louth s towns and villages in the Tidy Towns Competition bears testimony to the improvements made. Improvements to footpaths, street lighting, street furniture and landscaping make a valuable contribution to the attractiveness of the environments of town and village centres. The council will continue to co-operate with local groups towards further improvement in towns and villages throughout the county. EDE 16 EDE 17 EDE 18 To promote the improvement of the environment of town and village centres through good design in all development, landscaping, street furniture and public art works. To improve mobility through traffic management, improvements to pavements, provision of access for mobility impaired and public transport waiting facilities. To co-operate with local Tidy Towns Committees and other community groups in the implementation of environmental improvement schemes Architectural Conservation Areas and Protected Structures Many of the towns and villages within the county have designated architectural conservation areas (ACA) and a number of protected structures. Any proposed developments within an ACA or involving modifications to a protected structure shall comply with the requirements as set out in chapter 2 of the Plan Living over the Shop The council will promote the provision and modernisation of residential accommodation over commercial premises in towns and villages in order to improve the vibrancy of their centres. This will be subject to the provision of good quality accommodation with separate and safe access from the street and the protection of residential amenities from any possible conflict with other uses. EDE 19 To promote the provision and modernisation of residential accommodation over commercial premises in towns and villages in order to improve the vibrancy of their centres Shopfronts The towns and villages of County Louth contain numerous examples of traditional shopfront design together with large numbers of more modern design, much of which reflects a certain amount of corporate harmonisation. The council will encourage the Louth County Development Plan

161 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism preservation of authentic, traditional shopfronts and the provision of good quality contemporary designs. Design criteria for shopfronts should ensure that: Entrances are fully accessible to all people with mobility difficulties. Where a shopfront involves two or more units, that it is divided with separate fascias and columns to reflect the separate units. The shopfront respects the building s elevation and architectural details. Period shopfronts on protected structures and in ACAs should be retained. The design takes into account adjacent shopfronts where they make a positive contribution to the streetscape. EDE 20 To encourage the preservation of authentic, tradition shopfronts and good quality contemporary designs Security Shutters Whilst the council recognises the need for the sufficient security for commercial premises the installation of security shutters can detract from the appearance, visual amenity and safety of town and village centres particularly at night and weekends. The council will discourage the mounting or location of rollers on the exterior of shop premises where such shutters would detract from the streetscape and ambience of the town. However innovative solutions involving tradition wrought iron window guards or shutters which provide a high degree of transparency which allows the window display to be visible will be considered. EDE 21 EDE 22 To discourage the mounting or location of rollers on the exterior of shop premises where such shutters would detract from the streetscape and ambience of the town or village. To consider innovative solutions including traditional wrought iron window guards or security shutters which provide a high degree of transparency which allows the window display to be visible Canopies and Blinds Blinds were traditionally incorporated into the shop front fascia and designed to be retracted into it when not in use. This is still the best way to handle a blind where one is required. Curved and Dutch style canopies are unsympathetic to the traditional streetscape and will be discouraged. EDE 23 To encourage the incorporation of blinds, where required, into the shopfront fascia so that they are capable of being retracted when not in use. Curved and Dutch canopies will be discouraged. Louth County Development Plan

162 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Signage The size, shape and position of signs should reflect the scale and façade of the building on which they are located. Hand painted signs or illumination by bracket or wash lighting are preferred to internally illuminated fascia signs. In general signs should not be located above fascia level. Signage forms an integral part of most shop fronts and commercial areas. However, the proliferation of insensitive displays of advertisements can seriously detract from the visual quality of the area and have implications for public safety. The following guidelines should be applied in the design of town and village centre signage: Signage should be kept to a minimum and be of a size, design, scale and degree of illumination which is compatible with the surrounding area. Signage above fascia level, free standing signage and billboards will not normally be permitted. Only one projecting sign per unit will be permitted at fascia level. Signs should not adversely affect the safety or free flow of traffic, including pedestrian traffic. The location of free standing advertisements and other objects shall be discouraged in the interest of pedestrian safety. Any such objects shall be subject to licence under Section 254 of the Planning and Development Act, In new development a uniform signage scheme should be prepared and submitted with the planning application for the relevant development. EDE 24 To discourage a proliferation of signs within town and village centres which would detract from the visual amenities of the streetscape and which would interfere with the free flow and safety of vehicular and pedestrian traffic movements Site Coverage Height Site coverage shall not exceed 80%. The height of proposed buildings should respect the height of adjoining structures on either side. Normally buildings in excess of four storeys in height will be discouraged except at key locations or landmark sites where taller buildings might be acceptable. The height of new developments should not detract from views of existing protected structures and landmark buildings Overshadowing and Overlooking Where three or four storey buildings are proposed adjoining lower buildings, the council will require that the developer submit daylight and shadow projection diagrams and Louth County Development Plan

163 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism demonstrate that the adjoining properties will not be unduly affected by the proposed development. Windows and balconies of new building should avoid overlooking of adjoining property, particularly residential property Car Parking Provision Car parking shall be provided in accordance with the standards detailed in table 8.6 within chapter 8 of the Plan. A relaxation of the car parking standards may be allowed where alternative sustainable solutions such as access to public transport, accessibility by foot or cycle or where adequate car parking is already available in the area. A contribution in lieu will be required where car parking standards are relaxed. 7.4 Tourism Introduction The Economic Development Strategy for County Louth 2008 identifies the potential of tourism to contribute significantly to the economic development of the county. The attractions of County Louth as a tourist destination include an unspoilt natural landscape, areas of outstanding natural beauty, clean uncluttered beaches, a pollution free environment, a wealth of historical and architectural heritage and a range of high quality tourist attractions and facilities. The county is conveniently located to the heavily populated areas of Greater Dublin and the north east of the island, centred on Belfast, which provides a large population mass within a one hour drive of the county. The improved road and rail infrastructure which has been put in place, both north and south of the border in recent years and accessibility to east coast air and passenger ferry ports makes the county very accessible to the international tourism market Tourist Attractions The broad range of tourist facilities and attractions of County Louth include, inter alia, the following: Historic towns of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Carlingford Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty 120 kilometres of clean coastline and blue flag beaches Louth County Development Plan

164 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Marina, sailing and sea adventure centres Clean air and water A large number of archaeological sites and monument Historic Boyne Valley and Battle of the Boyne Site A large number of historic houses and landscaped gardens Equestrian based activity High quality golf courses Fishing and angling Identified cycling and walking routes Cultural based activities High quality hotels and other accommodation Places of recreation including theatres, cinemas, pubs and restaurants All weather racing track and international standard ice rink 7.5 Regional Tourism Fáilte Ireland East and Midlands Regional Tourism Plan provides direction for both national and local agencies, local authorities and other public bodies to contribute to the sustainable development of tourism in the region. Louth is one of eight counties included in the remit of this plan which aims to deliver increased tourism benefits to the region by providing better hospitality, greater appeal and an improved quality of visitor experience. It notes that visitors are attracted to the region because of the diversity of tourist attractions. Within County Louth the Cooley Peninsula has proved attractive as a natural base for outdoor pursuits, whilst the major heritage and historic sites such as those at Monasterboice, Mellifont and the historic towns of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Carlingford combine to provide a rich heritage menu Tourism Plan Louth Hospitality, which is a local authority supported partnership with the private tourism sector in the county, recently published the Tourism Plan The mission statement of this action plan is to attract tourists to County Louth by providing a quality experience. It aims to offer compelling reasons to motivate tourists to visit Louth and to make attractions more accessible and tangible. To facilitate the development of Louth s heritage sites as top class visitor attractions, it is an objective of the action plan to provide the necessary infrastructure, visitor services and promotional material to market the sites. Louth County Development Plan

165 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism TOU 1 TOU 2 TOU 3 TOU 4 To support the implementation of the Tourism Plan and the Failte Ireland East and Midlands Regional Plan To promote the sustainable development of Louth as a quality tourist destination themed on heritage, culture and an unspoilt natural environment and supportive innovative tourism projects that would boost employment and promote County Louth as a tourism destination subject to compliance with the requirement of the development zones in chapter 3. To assist in the development and marketing of County Louth in conjunction with the local authorities north and south of the border. To support the development of community festivals, cultural activities and other outdoor activities Co-Operation with other Bodies The council is aware that the development of tourism in County Louth would benefit greatly from a co-operative approach with other local authorities and relevant agencies both north and south of the border. Such initiatives could involve the co-funding of tourism infrastructure, product development and marketing. Co-operation on a number of projects has already taken place and it is proposed to pursue and bring to fruitation these initiatives during the course of the Plan Cross Border Geologically Themed Project During the period of the Plan, the council will explore with the relevant authorities north of the border the development of an integrated, themed, cross border project based around the common themes of a high quality landscape and natural heritage. This is most strongly manifested in the geological underpinnings which characterize the Cooley Peninsula, Mourne Mountains and Slieve Gullion. This common bond has left a legacy of great beauty and economic potential which can be harnessed to greatest effect by the respective local authorities adopting a collaborative approach to the development of the region s natural wealth. Much of Cooley, the Mournes and Slieve Gullion comprise of dramatic mountainous areas where the visual impact is increased by proximity to both the open sea and Carlingford Lough. The open moorland of the higher areas has a variety of undisturbed wildlife habitats together with large pockets of coniferous forest In human terms, the area is rich in archaeological items and renowned in legend and folklore. These factors together with the isolation and tranquillity combine to give a very broad appeal for visitors and locals alike. TOU 5 To pursue the development of an integrated geologically themed cross border tourism project including joint marketing, promotion and where appropriate and viable, infrastructure provision. Louth County Development Plan

166 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Narrow Water Bridge The provision of a road link through the construction of a bridge between the Cooley Peninsula in County Louth and the southern portion of the Mourne Mountains in County Down at Narrow Water would make a valuable contribution to the development of tourism in Louth and the Mournes. Initial funding for the project has been provided in the National Development Plan and preliminary design work commenced. (Artists impression) TOU 6 To co-operate with the authorities in Northern Ireland in the provision of a road bridge between Cooley and south County Down Oriel 2012 Oriel 2012 aims to promote the Newry and Mourne and the Louth region as a base for pre-games training camps for participants in the 2012 London Olympic Games. Given the region's proximity to London, the cluster will also put in place strategies to attract teams and spectators to the region in their pursuit of leisure and recreational activities. Membership of the Oriel 2012 cluster is open to businesses, sporting organisations, schools and support organisations that are keen to tap into the opportunities that will inevitably arise from the training camps. The council is fully supportive of this initiative. TOU 7 To support the Oriel 2012 project and co-operate with relative authorities, business interests and stakeholders north and south to advance its implementation Boyne Valley The historic Boyne Valley, Brú Na Bóinne, is a world heritage site. It also contains the site of the historic Battle of the Boyne. The Boyne Valley falls partially within the functional area of Louth County Council, Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough Council. The heritage town of Drogheda, which is located on the Boyne Estuary, is the gateway to the historic Boyne Valley. The council recognises the significant contribution and potential of the Boyne Valley for the development of tourism in County Louth and is keen to participate in a joint approach Louth County Development Plan

167 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism with Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough Council in its protection, development and promotion. Therefore it is proposed to co-operate with Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough Council in the preparation of a strategy for the protection, development and promotion of this important heritage site Monasterboice The Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government has published a draft new tentative list of potential nominees to the World Heritage List. Monasterboice is one of a representative sample of Early Medieval Monastic sites in Ireland listed, which embody the Celtic Church s rich cultural and historical past, playing a crucial role in Europe s educational and artistic development. TOU 8 To co-operate with Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough Council in the preparation of a strategy for the protection, development and promotion of the Boyne Valley s World Heritage Site and to support the designation of Monasterboice as a World Heritage Site. 7.6 Tourist Accommodation Growth in the tourism sector will result in a corresponding need for more visitor accommodation and facilities across the county. The council is keen to ensure that there is a range of high quality and affordable accommodation provided in order to meet the needs of visitors and tourists to the county. However, care will be needed to ensure that the unspoilt natural environment and landscapes of the county which have been identified as a major reason why tourists come to County Louth are not compromised by inappropriate tourist accommodation development Hotel, Guest House and Bed and Breakfast Accommodation The number of hotel beds within the county has increased significantly over the period of the last county development plan as a result of the construction of new hotels in Carlingford, Drogheda and two in Dundalk. The council will encourage the provision of additional hotels including leisure and conference facilities, within the county in order to attract more visitors and to boast employment. Custom built guest houses should be located within existing towns and villages to avail of and support existing services. Bed and breakfast accommodation is normally provided within existing dwellings and can be accommodated in both urban and rural areas. Louth County Development Plan

168 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism Low cost, high quality guest houses and bed and breakfast accommodation are an important component in the range of accommodation choice required for a vibrant tourism industry. TOU 9 To encourage the provision of additional hotel, guest house bed spaces and bed and breakfast accommodation in County Louth in conjunction with leisure, conferencing and other associated facilities and amenities, subject to the protection of the unspoilt natural environment and landscapes of the county Holiday Homes and Self-Catering Accommodation Holiday homes are defined as purpose built self-contained residential units, which provide accommodation on a short term basis for visitors to the area. The council will resist the proliferation of holiday home developments in rural areas except where the development would involve the conversion or restoration of existing vernacular buildings and derelict dwellings. In order to manage the provision of tourist accommodation in a manner that meets the needs of the tourist while at the same time supports the local economy, it is considered important that the provision of holiday homes and self catering accommodation should, by and large, be provided within the network of existing settlements and be of a scale that the settlement can sustain. Therefore the council will resist proposals for the development of holiday homes and self catering accommodation in the countryside, except where existing stone buildings of character are to be converted or where the restoration of vernacular dwellings is proposed. TOU 10 To facilitate the limited provision of holiday homes and self-catering accommodation in locations within existing towns and villages, of a scale that the settlement can sustain. TOU 11 To resist proposals for the development of holiday homes and self catering accommodation in the countryside except where existing stone buildings of character are to be converted or where the restoration of vernacular dwellings is proposed. TOU 12 To limit the floor area of all holiday homes and self catering accommodation to a maximum of a 100 square metres Caravan Parks The provision of caravan parks which are popular, particularly in coastal locations, can have a serious detrimental impact on the amenities of the coast unless they are sensitively located and properly managed and maintained. Proposals for new caravan parks will only be favourably considered where they are located within a secluded and a mature landscaped setting and where there is an adequate road network to serve the development. Louth County Development Plan

169 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism The focus of the council s policy in relation to caravan parks will be to secure the upgrading of existing parks particularly in relation to wastewater treatment, general facilities and amenities. TOU 13 TOU 14 To permit new caravan parks only where they are located within a secluded and a mature landscaped setting and where there is an adequate road network to serve the development. To encourage the upgrading of existing caravan parks in approved locations Budget Hostels Hostel accommodation, catering primarily for those travelling on a limited budget, occupies an important niche within the tourist accommodation market. Whilst the individual spend on accommodation is by definition, low, there can be considerable ancillary spending by such tourists on local services. TOU 15 To facilitate the provision of budget hostels within existing urban centres or close to public transport facilities. 7.7 Tourism Related Signage The provision of directional and promotional signage is important in facilitating tourists and enhancing their overall experience and enjoyment of their visit. The provision of finger posts and other directional signs is a function of the local authority and is provided under the roads capital budget. Significant improvements in this area have taken place in recent years and the council will continue to improve road signage where required and subject to the availability of adequate funding. In addition to the road signs provided by the council, Section 254 of the Planning and Development Act, 2000, makes provision, under licence from the planning authority, for additional road signage to facilitate existing significant activities, including tourist related attractions and amenities. The council will favourably consider the granting of licences for Fáilte Ireland approved finger post signage where appropriate. However, it should be recognised that the erection of excessive numbers of signs is counter productive as it leads to clutter and confusion which detracts from the appearance of buildings and rural landscapes and may conflict with essential local authority directional and safety signage. Such a proliferation of signage will be resisted by the council. Tourism related promotional and advertisement signs are also important for the industry. Such signs should be suitably designed and appropriately located on the building or within the curtilage as appropriate so that they do not detract form the visual amenities of the area. Louth County Development Plan

170 Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism TOU 16 TOU 17 TOU 18 To continue to improve local authority directional road signage to facilitate visitors to the county. To facilitate the licensing of Fáilte Ireland approved tourism related signage subject to a demonstrated need and the avoidance of clutter and confusion with existing road signage. To ensure that tourism related promotional and advertisement signs are suitably designed and appropriately located so that they do not detract from the visual amenities of the area. Louth County Development Plan

171 Chapter 8 Transport and Communications 8.1 Introduction The availability of a high quality, sustainable transport system and telecommunications network is essential for economic development and improvements to the quality of people s lives. County Louth is fortunate in having well developed transport facilities, based on a hierarchy of roads, motorway, national, regional and local, as well as a main line rail service with busy stations in both Dundalk and Drogheda. Significant improvements in transport infrastructure have been made during the course of the County Development Plan. This includes the completion of the M1 motorway, the Dundalk western by-pass and the Dundalk to Newry link road. This means that the County Louth section of the strategic Euroroute 1, that connects the key ports of Larne, Dublin and Rosslare with Europe, is now completed. Improvements have also been made in the quality and frequency of the rail service in County Louth. This includes improvements to the line, rolling stock and the availability of park and ride facilities at Dundalk and Drogheda. Road transport is by far the main form of transport within County Louth and plays a crucial role in contributing to the business life and industrial competitiveness of the county. However over dependency on the motor car as the primary means of personal transportation is unsustainable in the long term having regard to the finite nature of fossil fuel resources and their impact in contributing to global warming. The Plan will therefore seek to promote alternative sustainable modes of transport. There is an intrinsic link between land use and transportation and therefore the settlement strategy and policies contained in the Plan seek to locate the majority of new development within existing towns and other settlements where car dependency can be reduced and public transport can more economically and sustainably be provided. The vital role of telecommunications and broad band availability in enabling the county to reach its full economic potential is recognised. There are several areas where broadband coverage is hampered for various reasons including the lack of suitable communication mast towers, topographical features and low customer numbers. Louth Local Authorities, Louth County Development Plan

172 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication in conjunction with service providers are working in order to eliminate these black spots and will continue to do so until the county has complete coverage. The aim of this chapter is to set out a coherent set of policies that will seek to improve the transportation system and communications network within the county in a manner that is sustainable and supports economic development and improved quality of life for the people of the county Louth County Development Plan The Louth County Development Plan prescribed a clear framework which guided and facilitated public investment in physical infrastructure throughout the county which has underpinned continued economic and social development. In addition to the improvements in the national road network, improvements were also made to a number of regional roads including the Dundalk - Greenore Road, the Greenore - Omeath Road and improvements to Wallace s Road, Blackrock and Tierney Street, Ardee. 8.2 National Transportation Transport 21 Transport 21 is the government s principal transport policy and capital investment programme through which the transport system in Ireland will be developed over the period 2006 to This framework addresses the twin challenges of past investment backlogs and continuing growth in transport demand as a result of continuing economic growth and rapidly rising population. It provides for an investment in public transport of 16 billion directed towards the provision of greater choice and alternatives to the private car, particularly in major urban areas. It also aims to affect a modal shift from the private car to less polluting and less energy intensive public and private modes of transport. Over the period of investment through Transport 21, Ireland s transport system will be transformed with a particular emphasis on developing an integrated network. While Transport 21 provides capital funding only for major infrastructural projects, it is however complementary to other government initiatives such as the Rural Transport Programme 2007 and the Sustainable Travel and Transport Action Plan Projects proposed in County Louth under Transport 21 include the N2 Ardee By-Pass (N2/N52), the upgrade of the N2 Ashbourne to Ardee road, together with ongoing investment in new buses and trains for Bus Éireann and Iarnród Éireann respectively A Sustainable Transport Future A New Transport for Ireland In February 2009 the government published the document A Sustainable Transport Future A New Transport for Ireland This concluded that transport and travel trends in Ireland are unsustainable. Even with the much needed investment proposed in Transport 21 if we continue with present policies, congestion will get worse, transport emissions will continue to grow, economic competitiveness will suffer and quality of life will decline. Louth County Development Plan

173 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication The policy document outlines a suite of actions that will have complementary impacts in terms of travel demand and emissions. These are grouped into the following overarching actions: Reducing distances travelled by the private car and encourage smarter travel, including focusing population growth in areas of employment and to encourage people to live in close proximity to places of employment and the use of pricing mechanisms or fiscal measures to encourage behavioural change. Ensuring that alternatives to the car are more widely available, mainly through a radically improved public transport service and through investment in cycling and walking. Improving the fuel efficiency of motorised transport through improved fleet structure, energy efficient driving and alternative technologies Strengthening institutional arrangements to deliver the targets. It is important to understand that the targets and actions proposed are relevant to both urban and rural living. The government is committed to the implementation of this strategy including improved bus services in rural areas and actions to promote modal shift National Roads Authority - Statement on Development Management and Access to National Roads 2006 The National Roads Authority s (NRA), Statement on Development Management and Access to National Roads 2006, aims to contribute to well informed planning decisions that represent the best option for sustainable development and achieve consistency of approach nationally to planning and development issues affecting national roads. In summary the objectives of this policy statement are to: Protect the substantial investment being made by government in upgrading national roads Maintain the intended transport function, traffic carrying capacity and efficiency of the network of national roads Ensure high standards of safety for road users and that these standards are not compromised by risks arising from traffic movements associated with multiple access points to the network Extend the service life of the national road network Protect the routes of future roads, including road upgrades, from development; Strongly advocate the use of established town and district centres as the preferred locations for new retail developments that attract many trips, and establish a presumption against large retail centres being located adjacent or close to existing, new or planned national roads and motorways as such centres can lead to an inefficient use of costly infrastructure. The council has had regard to the NRA objectives in formulating policy in the Plan. Louth County Development Plan

174 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication TC 1 TC 2 TC 3 TC 4 To fully capitalise on the transportation advantages which County Louth possesses through pursuing an integrated transport approach to development which facilitates access to a range of transport modes and provides genuine transport choice. To support the implementation of government transport policy as expressed in Transport 21, a Sustainable Transport Future A New Transport for Ireland , the NRA s Statement on Development Management and Access to National Roads 2006, National Efficiency Energy Action Plan 1 (May 2009)and the National Cycling (April 2009). To promote land use planning measures which aim for co-ordination and integration between land use and transport throughout the county, thereby maximising the potential of the county s transportation network and encouraging travel by public transport, walking and cycling. To encourage the provision of modes of transport which are accessible to all, including people with impaired mobility by reason of disability, age or care roles. 8.3 Road Infrastructure Road transport is the dominant mode of transport within County Louth and plays a crucial role in contributing to business and industrial competitiveness. The county is fortunate in having an excellent road network comprising motorway, national primary and secondary routes, strategic regional roads and a dense network of local roads. Significant expenditure on road infrastructure has taken place in recent years and this is reflected in the excellent quality of the county s roads Motorways Louth is strategically located at an approximate midway point on the EO1 Euro route. This links the port of Larne in County Antrim with Rosslare in County Wexford. The section of the EO1 through County Louth, which encompasses the M1 motorway and the Dundalk to Newry (A1/N1), is now completed and carries in excess of six million vehicular journeys per year Motorway Services The provision of motorway services is essential for the convenience and safety of the travelling public. The policy of the National Roads Authority (NRA) in relation to the provision of such services originally was that these should be provided off line at suitable interchanges through the normal planning Louth County Development Plan

175 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication process. Therefore planning permission was granted for such off line services at Dunleer and Newtownbalreggan. The policy of the NRA on this matter has changed and it now proposes to provide on-line motorway services through a public private partnership mechanism (PPP). The planning process is currently underway for on-line motorway service facilities at Whiterath, Dromiskin National Routes Louth is benefiting from very significant investment that has taken place in Ireland s national road network. The NRA advocates that the strategic role of this road network in catering for the safe and efficient movement of major inter-urban and inter-regional traffic be safeguarded to allow for the effective delivery of these investments. Table 8.1 outlines the number of national routes that run through County Louth. Table 8.1: National Routes in County Louth National Primary N2 Dublin Derry N1/A1 Dundalk - Newry National Secondary N51 Drogheda Slane N52 Dundalk - Kells N53 Dundalk - Castleblayney This council will continue to implement measures to safeguard the capacity and safety of these national routes so that they can continue to perform their strategic role and maintain their importance to the future development of the county Regional and Local Roads Regional and local roads form the life lines of transportation needs across the county. It is via these roads that the vast majority of smaller towns, villages and dispersed rural communities and services are accessed. Since 2000, many regional and county roads have benefited from significant investment under the National Development Plan Notable projects completed include the R173 Rampark Bellurgan road, thereby providing enhanced access to the Cooley Peninsula and the commercial port at Greenore. TC 5 TC 6 To provide and maintain a road hierarchy based on motorway, national routes, regional routes and local roads and to maintain the carrying capacity and lifespan of the road network and ensure high standards of safety for road users and to require that all proposals for development that would be likely to impact significantly on the carrying capacity of national routes be accompanied by Traffic Impact Assessment, Road Safety Audits and Mobility Management Plans in accordance with guidance contained in the Dublin Transportation Office guidance Traffic and Transport Assessment Guidelines. To support the implementation of the NRA s policy in relation to the provision of on-line and off-line motorway services. Louth County Development Plan

176 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication TC 7 TC 8 To prohibit all developments within 100 metres of the fence line of the M1 motorway and Newry to Dundalk link road (N1/A1), outside of any zoned land. To prohibit any external lighting or illumination and any advertisement signs that would interfere with the free flow of, or distract traffic, using the road network. 8.4 Protected National and Regional Routes The council considers it necessary to restrict new accesses and the intensification of existing accesses along national and certain strategic regional routes in order to preserve their carrying capacity, their life span and in the interest of traffic safety. Details of these roads including restrictions and exemptions are set out in table 8.2 (national routes) and table 8.3 (regional routes). Table 8.2: National Routes - Restrictions and Exemptions on Access Road Category Restrictions Exemptions Motorways No direct access None Dual carriageways No direct access None Single Carriageways (National Primary and National Secondary Routes) No new access or intensification of existing access 1. Where the new access would eliminate a traffic hazard. 2. Where a new access is required for any major employment generating activity, including tourism or development of national or regional importance. 3. Extensions to an authorised use where the additional traffic generated would not result in the creation of a traffic hazard. 4. Where a new access is to a fixed natural resource of national or regional importance where no other suitable vehicular access can be provided. Louth County Development Plan

177 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication Table 8.3: Protected Regional Routes - Restrictions and Exemptions on Access Routes Restrictions Exemptions (R173/R175 Dundalk No new 1. Where the new access would -Greenore access or eliminate a traffic hazard. R173/R176 intensification 2. Where a new access is required for Greenore of existing any major development, including Carlingford access. tourism developments, of national, Omeath (Cornamucklagh) regional or local importance. 3. Where new access is to a fixed natural R178-Dundalk resource of national, regional or local Carrickmacross importance where no other suitable (Essexford) vehicular access can be provided. R171 Dundalk 4. Extensions to an authorised use Louth Village where the additional traffic generated R169 Dunleer would not result in the creation of a Collon traffic hazard R168 Drogheda 5. Dwellings required to satisfy the Collon housing needs of persons who have R166 Drogheda lived for not less than 10 years in the Termonfeckin area, where no other site is available off a minor road, and where the R132 Dundalk existing entrance servicing the family Drogheda home is used. Where the entrance to R177 Dundalk - the existing family home cannot be Armagh used, consideration will be given for Port Access Northern one new entrance only onto the Cross Road* adjoining protected regional route. A condition confining occupancy to a family member for a minimum of 7 years will be attached to any permission granted under this exemption. *It is anticipated that this road will be constructed during the period of this plan. TC 9 To prohibit the creation of new accesses or intensification of existing accesses onto national routes and protected regional routes as set out in tables 8.2 and Entrances The provision of suitable and safe entrances is essential to facilitate traffic flow and movements and to protect the safety of roads users. Visibility standards in respect of new entrances onto all categories of roads and vehicle dwell areas are set out in table 8.4 and 8.5. Louth County Development Plan

178 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication Table 8.4: Minimum Visibility Standards Road Category National and Protected Regional Routes Sight distance (Y) Visibility requirement over ground Distance back from edge of Carriageway (X) (1 to 6 houses) Distance back from edge of Carriageway (X) (More than 6 houses and nondomestic developments) 215m m 2.4m 4.5m Regional 125m m 2.4m 4.5m Local Class 1 75m m 2.4m 4.5m Local Class 2 75m m 2.4m 4.5m Local Class 3 75m m 2.4m 4.5m Cul de Sac 75m m 2.4m 4.5m * Where the 85% percentile speed on a local class 2 or a local class 3 road is shown to be below 50 kilometres per hour, the minimum sight distance requirements contained in the document National Roads Authority Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, shall apply. Table 8.5: Vehicle Dwell areas Domestic accesses Gradient 0% to 2% for at least 5 metres Commercial accesses Gradient 0% to 2% for at least 15 metres Figure 8.1: Visibility splays TC 10 To apply the visibility standards and vehicle dwell areas requirements as set out in tables 8.4 and 8.5 Louth County Development Plan

179 8.6 Vehicular Parking Standards Chapter 8 Transport and Communication The parking standards required by the council in respect of specified uses are set out 8.6 below. In the case of any uses not specified, the standard for the closest similar use will apply, or such other requirement as may be determined by the council. Table 8.6: Car Parking Requirements Land-use Urban/Brownfield Sub-urban/Greenfield No. of Spaces per Unit No. of Spaces per Unit Dwellings 1 per dwelling 2 per dwelling Apartments 1 per dwelling 2 per dwelling Residential Institutions 1 per two units 1 per two units Retail 1 per 20m² 1 per 10m² Bar /Discos/Dancehalls 1 per 5 m² public space 1 per 5 m² public space Restaurant/Function 1 per 10 m² public space 1 per 5 m² public space Room Hotel/Guest House 1 per 2 bedrooms 1 per bedroom Offices 1 per 40 m² 1 per 30 m² Banks /Financial Inst. 1 per 30 m² 1 per 25 m² Industrial 1 per 50 m² 1 per 50 m² Warehousing 1 per 100 m² 1 per 75 m² Retail warehousing* 1 per 40 m² 1 per 25 m² Cash & Carry 1 per 50 m² 1 per 25 m² Showrooms 1 per 50 m² 1 per 25 m² Cinemas/ 1 per 10 seats 1 per 5 seats Theatres Conference 1 per 10 seats 1 per 5 seats Halls/churches Schools 1 per class room 1 per class room Clinics/Doctor s Surgery 3 spaces per consulting 3 spaces per consulting room room Leisure Centres/ Clubs 1 per 50 m² public space 1 per 30 m² public space Nursing Homes 1 per employee and 0.5 per bed 1 per employee and 0.5 per bed *Retail warehouses or warehouse buildings for the purpose of retailing bulky products such as furniture, white electrical goods, DIY and carpets which are difficult to retail in town centre locations. Louth County Development Plan

180 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication Parking bays shall be a minimum of 5 metres x 2.5 metres with circulation aisles at least 6 metres wide. Parking for persons with mobility impairment should be provided at a rate of one space per ten spaces, and each space shall be a minimum of 3.5 metre wide. In addition to the car parking standards, sufficient space will be required for all service vehicles involved in the operation of the business or building within the curtilage. TC 11 To require compliance with the parking standards as specified in table 8.6. TC 12 To require the provision of car parking spaces for persons with impaired mobility at a rate of one space in ten. TC 13 To permit a reduction of the above standards in respect of certain town and village centre developments and developments adjacent to transportation nodes or where the developer provides acceptable alternative modes of transport. Where a reduction in car parking standards is accepted, a contribution in lieu of the provision of car parking will normally be required. 8.7 Roads Improvement Programme The council s Road Improvement Programme covers the period 2008 to This programme, which is set out in table 8.7, 8.8, 8.9 and 8.10 will be implemented by the council and the NRA over the period of the Plan. Where the proposed road works are of such a scale and magnitude that warrants the preparation of an environmental impact statement, planning approval will be required from An Bord Pleanála. Table 8.7: Motorways and National Routes Road Number N2 N52 N2 N51 N53 N33 Location and Proposed Works Ardee By-Pass Ardee By-Pass Ashbourne to Ardee Drogheda to Slane Dundalk to Castleblayney Junction improvements and new access to Cappocksgreen Table 8.8: Regional Routes Road Number R178 Location and Proposed Works Dundalk to Carrickmacross Table 8.9: Strategic New Roads Location and Proposed Works Port Access Northern Cross Route (Drogheda) Dundalk Western Infrastructure Relief Route Narrow Water Bridge Louth County Development Plan

181 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication Table 8.10: Proposed Capital Works Programmes Road Boyne Bridge, East of Viaduct R173 R165 R168 R171 R 169 R172 R177 Location and Proposed Works New Bridge Bellurgan and Omeath to Border Shanlis to Lowtown Hill of Rath to Collon Ardee to Louth Village to Dundalk General Improvements General Improvements General Improvements TC 14 To secure the implementation of the council s Road Improvement Programme as detailed in table 8. 7, 8.8, 8.9 and 8.10 and to keep free from development all lands identified for the construction and improvement of national, regional and local roads within the county. 8.8 Gateway and Hub Links Discussions are ongoing with Cavan and Monaghan County Councils with a view to progressing upgraded links between the Dundalk gateway and the hubs towns of Cavan and Monaghan. The upgrade of these routes will improve links across the Border Region to the gateways of Sligo and Letterkenny. It is proposed that the Louth section of the Dundalk to Cavan route via Carrickmacross and of the Dundalk to Monaghan route, via Castleblayney, will be upgraded during the course of this plan. TC 15 To seek improvements in the linkages between the border regional gateways of Dundalk, Sligo and Letterkenny and with the hub towns of Cavan and Monaghan. 8.9 Transport Audit and Mapping Louth is currently embarking on a number of important new developments aimed at improving the quality of life of its citizens and making its public services more responsive to the needs of key target groups. Providing appropriate passenger transport options within existing resources will be critical to the success of these initiatives. For this reason the council will carry out a transport audit and mapping study. The objectives of the study are to: Louth County Development Plan

182 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication Identify effective ways of improving access to important services through a more comprehensive local passenger transport service to meet the needs of key target groups. Identify opportunities for rationalisation and better deployment of existing resources. The study will be primarily focussed on those who are vulnerable to a lack of transport. The key groups include older people, especially those living in isolated rural areas, young people, people on low incomes and people with mobility, sensory or cognitive impairments. The mapping exercise will include transport services provided by private, public and voluntary organisations. The study will examine the potential for public service vehicles to provide a wider public service when not needed for their primary function. TC 16 To carry out a transport audit and mapping study of County Louth to examine the way in which local transport passenger services can be improved and he potential for public service vehicles to provide a wider public service when not needed for their primary function Public Transport Public transport in County Louth is provided by way of bus and rail services together with taxi and hackney services. Public transport is at its most effective when operating in corridors where there is a medium or high density of population. In County Louth, there are good quality public transport services between Dundalk and Drogheda. Through the local area plans process, the council will seek to promote the enhancement of public transport services and infrastructure, in the main towns, villages and rural areas. Gaps and inadequacies in public transport services are notable in many parts of the county, especially in dispersed rural areas. This affects primarily older people, the young, people with limited mobility and those on low incomes. TC 17 TC 18 To co-operate with the relevant transport authorities and operators, both public and private, to secure improvements in and expansion of the public transport in the county. To encourage a modal shift from use of the private car towards more sustainable modes such as public transport, cycling and walking Rail Transport The Dublin Belfast rail line crosses the county on a north south axis. There are two operating railway stations at Dundalk and Drogheda. At present, Iarnrod Eireann and Northern Ireland Railways jointly operate the Enterprise rail service on a frequent basis between Dublin and Belfast. There are proposals to introduce an hourly inter-city service on this route by Both Dundalk and Drogheda are also linked to greater Dublin and beyond by Iarnrod Eireann s commuter services. Drogheda in particular benefits from a Louth County Development Plan

183 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication very high frequency service to Dublin and the town itself is the site of Iarnród Éireann s national centre for servicing commuter trains. County Louth will benefit substantially from a number of capital programmes currently being progressed by Iarnród Éireann. These include resignalling projects around Greater Dublin and the Dublin Inter-connector which will re-route DART services underground, thereby allowing more frequent commuter rail services from Louth. Iarnród Éireann has stated that they will continue to work closely with all stakeholders regarding the potential for new stations in County Louth. These include potential sites serving the North Drogheda Environs, Dundalk South West and Dunleer. The policy of the council in the County Development Plan was to secure the re-opening of the Dunleer railway station. It was also the policy to secure the provision of new railway stations in the Dundalk South West and the North Drogheda Environs. It remains the policy of the council to secure, in co-operation with Iarnród Éireann, improved rail services in County Louth, particularly for the mid and south Louth areas Drogheda Navan Rail Link Drogheda is linked to Navan by a freight rail link. The council will support the upgrading of this link to full passenger rail status Rail Based Park and Ride Facilities Park and ride facilities operate at both Dundalk and Drogheda rail stations. These facilities are heavily utilized, operating well in excess of their capacities. Additional rail based park and ride capacity is required at both these stations and this issue will be addressed through their respective development plans. TC 19 TC 20 TC 21 To secure, in co-operation with Iarnród Éireann, improved rail services in County Louth, particularly for the mid and south Louth areas. To support the opening of the Drogheda to Navan railway line for passenger services. To support the improvement of rail based park and ride facilities in Dundalk and Drogheda and in conjunction with any new railway station located in the county Bus Transport Bus Éireann provides the mainstay of public bus services within County Louth. Over the course of the previous plan, the core services running through the central spine of the county linking Dundalk with Drogheda and Dublin have been considerably improved. There is now a high frequency service linking the capital to the county utilizing modern vehicles. The service operates both as an express link using the M1 Motorway and also as a local service calling at the various towns and villages along the route. The county has also benefited from an increasing frequency of long distance bus services operated by Bus Éireann and Ulsterbus linking Dublin with Belfast and Dublin Louth County Development Plan

184 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication with Derry. Both services now operate on a high frequency, twenty-four hour basis. Other long distance services operate to Athlone and Galway, albeit on a less frequent basis. With the funding provided through Transport 21, Bus Éireann has committed to improving bus services through certain areas of the county. This includes the enhancement of services around the Cooley Peninsula together with improved frequencies between Dundalk and Newry, some of which will operate via the Cooley Peninsula. Local bus services link Dundalk and Drogheda with surrounding towns and villages in the county. However links with more distant towns in adjacent counties are relatively poor. In particular, links with the neighbouring NSS hubs of Monaghan and Cavan are extremely poor. County Louth is also well serviced by private bus operators with the two major towns linked to greater Dublin by private operators. The rural areas of the county have access to a limited bus service provided by both Bus Éireann and private operators Bus Based Park and Ride Facilities There is potential for the development of a network of bus based park and ride facilities in the county at transport intersections. This is particularly the case at the urban interchanges adjacent to Dundalk and Drogheda. There may also be limited opportunities for similar facilities at other strategic locations. TC 22 TC 23 TC 24 TC 25 To work in co-operation with other public bodies, agencies and community groups, to secure improvements in public transportation within the county and greater integration of existing and any new services. To encourage the provision of enhanced public transport services and infrastructure both within and between the main towns of the county. To ensure that bus routes and adequate services are provided within all new proposals for substantial residential developments. To investigate the feasibility of the provision of bus based park and ride facilities at urban based motorway interchanges and other strategic locations elsewhere in County Louth Rural Transport Programme The lack of public transport options represents a serious issue for many people living in rural areas of County Louth. This has been identified as a key factor underlying levels of exclusion in rural areas. A Rural Transport Service Audit and Needs Assessment carried Louth County Development Plan

185 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication out in the county in 2001 identified that as many as 25% of people have a public transport need. Much of this segment of the population comprises older people, people with disabilities, young people and people on low incomes. Transport provision in rural areas is poorly integrated, resulting in uneconomic and inefficient use of existing resources. The main types of journey for which provision is required include work, shopping, education and health journeys. The Rural Transport Programme (RTP) was launched in 2007, building on the success of the Rural Transport Initiative and putting the former pilot scheme on a permanent mainstream, with significantly more funding. It was set up to address social exclusion in rural areas arising from unmet public transport needs. The scheme provides funding for community organisations and community partnerships to address the transport needs of their area. In February 2008, Louth Leader Partnership commissioned a review and further survey of the transport needs of people living in rural areas of the county. This survey will assist the partnership in devising a public transport system to service those most in need. Funding is available under the NDP for the provision of rural based public transport Ports TC 26 To support Louth Leader Partnership in the provision of improved public transport in the rural areas of the county. County Louth has three commercial ports and one fishing port within its boundaries. These are located at Drogheda, Dundalk, Greenore and Clogherhead, the latter being a major commercial fishing port. The ports of Drogheda, Dundalk and Greenore operate as independent port authorities whereas Clogherhead falls under the remit of Louth County Council. The council has invested heavily in the improvement of facilities at Clogherhead over the course of the previous plan period. During the course of the Plan, it is anticipated that there will be significant investment in Greenore Port. Greenore has significant potential for development as a deep water port catering for both lo-lo and ro-ro traffic. The M1 motorway provides excellent road linkages from the county s commercial ports to the rest of the country and ultimately to the wider markets of the UK, Europe and beyond. Louth County Development Plan

186 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication TC 27 To ensure that there is sufficient land available for port expansion and related uses and to support the development and expansion of the ports of Drogheda, Dundalk, Greenore and Clogherhead Airports Although there are no airports located within County Louth, the county enjoys the benefit of rapid access to both Dublin and Belfast airports. This provides international linkages and significant economic development opportunities, particularly with regard to the attraction of foreign direct investment and visitors to the county Cycling and Walking The policy document, Sustainable Development: A Strategy for Ireland identifies the increased provision of cycle lanes and safer facilities for pedestrians as a key priority. These can be facilitated by improvements in the design of roads and should be incorporated as part of the design schemes for all new residential, educational, employment and recreational developments. Good quality and safe cycling and walking facilities and their use, particularly in urban areas, can make a valuable contribution to the reduction in traffic congestion and the encouragement of significant modal shift away from dependency on the use of the private motor car. TC 28 TC 29 TC 30 TC 31 TC 32 To provide where possible, traffic free pedestrian and cyclist routes especially where they would facilitate more direct, safer and pleasant alternatives routes to those of the private car. To incorporate, where feasible, provision for cycle and pedestrian paths within new road proposals and improvement schemes. To promote the development of cycling by the provision of cycle routes in both rural and urban areas. To investigate the possibility of developing linear cycle routes utilizing existing natural or manmade corridors such as riversides and abandoned road and rail infrastructure. To encourage the provision of secure bicycle parking facilities in towns, at neighbourhood centres and at public facilities such as schools, libraries and in all new developments Communications Telecommunications Over the course of the previous County Development Plan , there has been a roll-out of quality broadband services across the whole country funded largely by the National Development Plan but also with significant private sector involvement. The Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) programme has seen the roll-out of broadband infrastructure to Drogheda, Louth County Development Plan

187 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication Dundalk and Ardee. The remaining deficiencies in the broadband network will be addressed under the National Broadband Scheme (NBS) during the course of the Plan. TC 33 To secure the provision of high quality broadband and telecommunication infrastructure within the county in the interests of promoting economic growth and competitiveness Broadband The vital role of high quality telecommunications in enabling the county to reach its full economic potential is recognised. High speed broadband is an important asset in order to attract inward investment into the county and to promote indigenous businesses and commercial activity. County Louth is relatively well serviced by broadband, however, some gaps remain in the level of availability. There are a number of areas where broadband coverage is hampered for various reasons including lack of suitable communication mast towers, topographical features and low customer numbers that affects economic viability. Louth Local Authorities, in conjunction with service providers, are working in order to eliminate these black spots and will continue to do so until the county has complete coverage. Because of rigidities in the market place, the government has increasingly encouraged local authorities to become directly involved in the provision of broadband and associated technologies. In this regard, the council is jointly involved in two initiatives, the Dundalk Technology City Project and the North East Broad Band Proposal (encompassing Monaghan, Cavan and Louth), in order to provide the infrastructure to enable existing and new high technology and knowledge based enterprise to grow and develop. The government has made significant investments in the communications sector through international connectivity, backhaul infrastructure, and in the MANS. MANs have been operational in Dundalk and Drogheda since 2005 and more recently in Ardee. The network is publicly owned but allows all telecommunication operators open access to it. TC 34 To support a programme of broadband connectivity throughout the County and facilitate the expansion of broadband in more remote areas Open Access Ducting The council will require that open access is made available to all ducting networks provided within the Plan area in order to support a competitive telecommunications service and to safeguard existing roads and footpaths from unnecessary excavation. These networks will remain in the ownership of the developer until taken in charge by the council. The council will require by way of condition attached to any grant of planning permission that the service provider enter into an agreement with the council to ensure that open access at an economic cost is provided. Louth County Development Plan

188 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication TC 35 To require that open access ducting for new developments is made available to all service providers on a non-exclusive lease basis at an economic cost Land Based Telephony The importance of the traditional land based telephony has decreased over recent years due to the rapid upsurge in demand and developments in mobile telephony. Nevertheless, land based telephony remains an essential part of the telecommunications networks. The service is well developed and of a high standard throughout the county and is continually being upgraded by the service providers. The two major telephone exchanges located within the county are located in Dundalk and Drogheda Mobile Telephony There have been considerable advances made in extending the mobile telephony network and service in the county in recent years. A high quality reliable phone service is a necessity for both business users and the public alike. It is important that the Plan contains guidance for the appropriate provision of the required infrastructure. When suitably located and designed this infrastructure can go unnoticed to the untrained eye. TC 36 TC 37 TC 38 TC 39 To require that all new mobile telecommunication installations comply with the guidelines issues by the Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources publication Health Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, To ensure that all mobile telecommunication infrastructures comply with the standards set out in the document Telecommunications Antennae and Support Structures, Guidelines for Planning Authorities 1996 issued by the DoEHLG and the development management assessment criteria set out in To operate a presumption against the location of antennae support structures where such structures would have a serious negative impact on the visual amenity of sensitive sites and locations. To require operators to share antenna support structures and sites where feasible Development Management Assessment Criteria for Telecommunication Structures Planning applications for telecommunications will in addition to the above, be assessed having regard to the following: Applicants should demonstrate that they are locating telecommunications equipment in accordance with the sequential approach outlined in the telecommunications guidelines Telecommunications and Antennae Support Structures, Guidelines for Planning Authorities (1999). Only as a last resort will free standing structures be permitted where there is a perceived threat to the visual or aesthetic amenity of a place. Louth County Development Plan

189 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication To ensure that the proposed siting for free standing antenna support structures should be suitably located and designed in order to reduce visual impact. It is accepted that operators require certain sightlines in order to provide coverage, however it must be demonstrated that the location is not unduly obtrusive. Setting installations against an appropriate backdrop may mitigate negative impacts. The site should be made secure using appropriate fencing and natural landscaping. Anticlimbing devices should be employed. Applicants must undertake to make their antenna support structures available and/or ducting to other service providers at an economic cost. All installations attached to structures should employ the latest technology and stealth techniques (wall mounting, painting, cable tray covers, set back distances from roof edge etc.) in order to minimise their size and visual impact. Each piece of equipment should be justified Obsolete Telecommunications Structures Technology in the field of telecommunications is constantly advancing. This results in infrastructures rapidly becoming outmoded. In order to prevent a proliferation of such infrastructures which would be detrimental to the visual amenities of the county s landscape, permission will normally be for a period of five years only, whereon obsolete mobile telecommunication infrastructures must be removed by the operator and the site re-instated. A bond or cash deposit will be sought to ensure compliance with any such condition imposed. Any permission granted for a further period on the site will be conditional on the replacement of the obsolete technology with more modern and environmentally friendly designs where these have become available. TC 40 To grant planning permission for telecommunications related structures for a maximum period of five years, except in exceptional circumstances, and to require the removal of all obsolete telecommunication structures and reinstatement of sites to the satisfaction of the planning authority. A cash bond and development levies will be imposed Domestic Satellite Dishes Satellite dishes, if inappropriately sited, can materially harm the character and appearance of historic buildings, important townscapes and the character of rural areas. While satellite dishes can be erected as exempted development under the Planning and Development Regulations, 2001 (as amended), these provisions are not applicable where the dwelling is a protected structure or the dwelling is sited within an architectural conservation area. TC 41 To prohibit satellite dishes where they would materially harm the character and appearance of a protected Structure, an architectural conservation area or in any other area where they would cause unacceptable harm to the visual amenities of the area. Louth County Development Plan

190 Chapter 8 Transport and Communication Louth County Development Plan

191 Chapter 9 Energy 9.1 Introduction Energy is an essential component of human activity and the availability of a clean and constant supply to meet the needs of current and future generations is of growing concern to governments and peoples across the globe. In addition, the traditional use of fossil fuels as the main global energy source, particularly oil consumption, is having a significant impact in accelerating global warming. During the duration of the County Development Plan, County Louth, in common with the rest of the State, experienced rapidly increasing energy consumption. In national terms, the increase in the use of energy, combined with a decreasing domestic production capacity, resulted in a significant increase in energy imports. Over the period 1990 to 2006 Ireland experienced high levels of growth in energy demand, of an average of 3.3% per year. Between 1990 and 2006, Ireland s total annual energy use grew in absolute terms by 67%. The State as a whole is highly dependent upon imported oil and gas to meet its energy needs. However in 2006, 8.5% of Ireland s gross electricity was produced from renewable energy, compared to 4.9% in In 2008, An Bord Pleanála granted planning permission for a gas powered 450 mega watt electricity generating station at Toomes, north west of Louth Village. When commissioned, this plant will provide an important source of energy that will be of major benefit to County Louth, particularly with regard to economic development and competitiveness. The key objective of the council in relation to energy is to ensure that the county has sufficient energy resources available to drive economic development and improvement in the quality of life of the people of Louth. 9.2 EU and National The European Council Energy Action Plan, 2007 endorsed a binding target of 20% of EU energy consumption being produced from renewable resources by The Government s Energy White Paper Delivering a Sustainable Energy Future for Ireland (2007) contains the following key targets with regard to renewable electricity. 15% of Ireland s gross electricity consumption from renewable sources to be achieved by % biomass co-firing at three state owned peat power generation stations to be achieved by % of Ireland s gross electricity consumption from renewable sources to be achieved by megawatt (MW) ocean energy capacity to be installed by MW combined heat and power (CHP) with particular emphasis on biomass fuelled CHP, to be achieved by 2010 and 800 MW by 2020 Louth County Development Plan

192 Chapter 9 Energy EU and national policy is aimed at the creation of a competitive renewable energy sector characterised by innovation and driven by research and technology led development. The council is aware that the County Louth has significant potential for the development of renewable sources of energy such as wind, solar, ocean, tidal and bio energy and therefore, the provision of such alternative energy resources will be encouraged on suitable sites throughout the county. EN 1 To promote and encourage the provision of alternative energy resources in line with the Government s White Paper Delivering a Sustainable Energy Future for Ireland. 9.3 Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI) Sustainable Energy Ireland was set up by the government in 2002 as Ireland s national energy agency to promote and assist the development of sustainable energy. Under the government s decentralisation programme, SEI is being relocated to Dundalk. The organisation currently occupies a regional office in the Finnabair Industrial Estate and has developed strong linkages with Dundalk Institute of Technology, Louth County Council, Dundalk Town Council and the private sector. Sustainable Energy Ireland has been instrumental in the development and implementation of a number of innovative energy use and conservation projects in Louth, primarily in Dundalk. These include: The Dundalk 2020 Holistic Project. This involves a partnership between SEI, Dundalk Town Council, Louth County Council, institutional bodies and the private sector supported by EU Concerto funding. The project covers a defined geographical area in the south of Dundalk and aims to secure the efficient use of energy, including a minimum of 20% of energy requirements from renewable resources. Bright Ideas event. The first Bright Ideas event was held in Dundalk in It brought together over one hundred of the north east s lighting manufacturers, engineers, architects, interior designers, property managers and lighting retailers to learn more about how to use lighting in an effective and efficient manner. The council will work in partnership with, and support existing and proposed initiatives by SEI in County Louth. EN 2 To work in partnership with, and support existing and proposed initiatives by, SEI in County Louth. 9.4 Electricity Transmission Power Lines The provision of a secure and reliable electricity transmission infrastructure is essential to ensuring the growth of Louth s economy. While certain classes of development by the Louth County Development Plan

193 Chapter 9 Energy statutory electricity providers constitute exempted development under the Planning and Development Regulations, major electricity infrastructure provision is subject to planning control. EN 3 EN 4 EN 5 EN 6 To support the statutory providers of national grid infrastructure by protecting identified strategic corridors from encroachment by developments that might compromise the provision of energy networks. To require the under-grounding of electrical cables within new residential, commercial or civic developments. To require that all high voltage lines of 38 KV and over comply with all internationally recognised standards with regard to proximity to dwellings and other structures in which the public assemble. To ensure that the siting of electricity power lines is managed in terms of the visual impact on the environment, especially in sensitive landscapes. 9.5 Natural Gas Supply Network Bord Gais Éireann has a substantial distribution network in County Louth, covering Dundalk, Drogheda, Dunleer, Ardee and Termonfeckin. Factors such as demand, size of settlements and commercial developments, especially adjacent to the existing network, drives expansions of their service. EN 7 To support the expansion of the natural gas supply network in the county. 9.6 Renewable Energy Ireland has significant renewable energy resource potential in terms of wind, wave, solar, tidal, ocean and bio energy and it is important that these resources are developed and fully utilised in order to reduce dependency on costly, imported fossil fuels. The National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) details the measures by which Ireland will meet its Kyoto commitment. It states that electricity generation from renewable sources provides the most effective way of reducing the contribution of power generation to Ireland s greenhouse gas emissions. The development of renewable energy sources will assist in the provision of a secure and stable energy supply for the long term and will also provide employment in indigenous renewable energy projects which are often located in rural areas. Louth County Development Plan

194 Chapter 9 Energy EN 8 EN 9 EN 10 To encourage the production of combined heat and power generation (CHP) from suitable industrial and municipal activities and the production of energy from renewable resources, including wind, solar, ground heat source, biomass, tidal, wave and generation from waste material, subject to normal proper planning considerations, including in particular the impact on areas of environmental or landscape sensitivity To co-operate with the appropriate authorities in Northern Ireland in the provision of all-island renewable energy To support initiatives aimed at reducing the level of energy consumption within the county. EN 11 To require that all new buildings in County Louth demonstrate that at least 25% of a building s energy requirements are from renewable sources. This should be calculated on the basis of an approved method carried out by a qualified and accredited expert Wind Energy Wind energy can make a significant contribution as a clean sustainable solution to energy requirements. It is envisaged that wind power generation will play a major role in the achievement of green electricity targets in Ireland, due to the prevailing climatic conditions. Although located on the east coast where wind availability and speed tends to be less than west coast locations, County Louth still has significant potential for wind energy production. However, the county s diverse landscapes have varying degrees of sensitivity to wind energy generating infrastructure and therefore, care will need to be exercised in their location and siting. The Wind Energy Development Guidelines for Planning Authorities 2006 published by the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government sets out in detail various development control considerations, including site selection, siting and layout for various types of wind energy projects. The council carried out substantial preliminary work on the preparation of a detailed wind energy development strategy and based on considerations of wind speed, designated conservation sites and landscape sensitivity, has identified preferred areas, areas open for consideration and no go areas in accordance with the DoEHLG guidelines. These are identified in map 9.1. Louth County Development Plan

195 Chapter 9 Energy Map 9.1: Areas Suitable for Wind Energy Development EN 12 To promote the location of wind farms and wind energy infrastructure in the preferred areas as outlined in map 9.1, to prohibit such infrastructure in the areas identified as no go areas and to consider, subject to appropriate assessment, the location of wind generating infrastructure in areas open for consideration. EN 13 To facilitate the development of wind energy sources where proposals are consistent with the landscape preservation objectives of the Plan, the protection of the natural and built environment and the visual and residential amenities of the area. EN 14 To require all wind farm developments to comply with the Wind Energy Development Guidelines for Planning Authorities. Louth County Development Plan

196 Chapter 9 Energy Solar Energy The sun is the absolute source of all energy on earth. It powers natural cycles on earth like the wind, water flow and plant growth and is a reliable source of heat and light. Modern technology can be used to capture and magnify the sun s energy for a variety of energy generation and conservation uses. Solar energy technologies can provide energy for space heating and cooling in active and passive solar buildings, potable water via distillation and disinfection, daylight, hot water, thermal energy for cooking and at high temperature process heat for industrial purposes. EN 15 To facilitate the use of solar energy technologies in all new developments taking place in County Louth Bioenergy The bioenergy sector is emerging as a viable alternative to the traditional non-renewable energy supply sources of oil and coal. Biomass is plant and animal material which can be used as a source of fuel. It can be refined or upgraded to produce either solid bio fuel such as wood pellets and liquid bio fuels which include bio diesel. The development of the bioenergy sector also can have economic benefits for rural areas in particular. The production of energy crops is a means of sustaining and regenerating rural areas at a time where there is a decline in traditional farming practices. It should be noted however that experience elsewhere in the world has shown that an over emphasis on the production of biofuel crops can have a detrimental effect on the production of food as more and more land is turned over to monoculture crops destined for bio fuel production. There are also significant ecological and environmental consequences associated with the extensive use of lands for biofuel production. EN 16 To support the production and refining of biomass for energy generation purposes whilst adopting the precautionary approach to large scale production of bio fuels in County Louth Wave Energy Studies of European wave energy resources have indicated that the average wave power in Europe is highest near the west of Ireland with an average wave power of 76 kw occurring off the Irish coast. Ireland, Scotland and Northern Ireland have committed to a joint approach in the development of wave and tidal energy. Whilst the west coast of Ireland has the greatest wave generation power, there is no doubt that potential also exists in the waters off Louth s coast. The amount of this accessible resource which can ultimately be realised will depend on the cost effectiveness of wave energy technology, the amount of power which can be practically connected to the grid and Louth County Development Plan

197 Chapter 9 Energy the amount of capacity available on the network when other intermittent generation sources such as wind energy are considered. EN 17 To support the development of wave energy in suitable waters off the coast of County Louth subject to the protection of important marine habitats Tidal and Ocean Energy In 2006, the Marine Institute and Sustainable Energy Ireland prepared the National Strategy for Ocean Energy. This phased strategy aims to introduce ocean energy into the renewables portfolio in Ireland. Tidal energy is an important element of this overall strategy. Carlingford Lough and the Boyne Estuary could have potential for the generation of tidal energy. EN 18 To support the development of tidal energy in suitable waters off the coast of Louth subject to the protection of important marine habitats Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings Dwelling Energy Assessment Procedure (DEAP) is the official Irish procedure for calculating and assessing the energy performance of dwellings. Published by Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI), the procedure takes account of the energy required for space heating, ventilation, water heating and lighting, less savings from energy generation technologies. It calculates both the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission rate and energy consumption per annum. This is a useful tool for designers when considering and comparing options to conserve energy and reduce CO2 emission. DEAP is used to calculate the Building Energy Rated (BER) of dwellings. The BER is a label containing the energy performance of the dwelling. Expressed as primary energy use per unit floor area per year (kwh/m²/yr) and illustrated as an energy rating (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 etc) for the dwelling, it also includes CO2 emissions indicator (kgco2/m2/yr) associated with this energy use and an advisory report. Under Building Regulations all buildings will in time be required to be energy efficient. As of now the roll out of this requirement applies as follows to: All dwellings commencing on or after 1st January 2007 All new buildings other than dwellings commencing on or after 1st July 2008 All existing buildings when let or sold on or after 1st January 2009 The right design decisions in relation to building form, internal layout, levels of insulation, amount and orientation of glazing, utilisation of solar energy, heating system and fuel type, use of draught lobbies, construction materials and measures to conserve potable water, can contribute greatly to sustainability. In addition these will lead to cost savings in the long term, while raising the level of comfort for the occupants of the dwelling. Louth County Development Plan

198 Chapter 9 Energy EN 19 EN 20 EN 21 EN 22 EN 23 EN 24 EN 25 To ensure that all new developments comply in full with Part L of the Building Regulations (as amended in 2008). To promote the use of district heating systems in large scale development and master planned areas. To encourage the reuse of existing obsolete buildings for new uses. To encourage the recycling of building materials on development sites. To encourage the design and construction of buildings that are functionally adaptable and can be maintained with minimal use of resources. To support the utilisation of building and landscape design features to minimise energy requirements To ensure that all new buildings are designed and constructed having regard to the Guidelines for Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings as set out in paragraph 9.7 of the Plan. 9.7 Guidelines for Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings This section sets out guidelines for the sustainable design, siting and construction of buildings, particularly, with regard to energy efficiency and energy conservation, as well as waste management, waste disposal and sustainable urban drainage systems. These standards need to be read and adhered to in conjunction with improved national standards which came into effect from the 1st of July 2008 (Part L of the Building Regulations 2007, as amended). Measures that promote energy conservation and efficiency in buildings include air tightness, appropriate use of glazing, high insulation standards and more efficient heating. Alternative forms of electricity and heat generation should also be considered. The various elements in relation to energy conservation and ecological building design are further outlined in this section. 1. Passive Solar Design Passive Solar Design (PSD) techniques relate to the siting, layout, built form and the landscaping of a development. The use of PSD techniques is cost effective, as it requires little or no cost to the developer and can amount to substantial savings on behalf of the owner/occupier. It also reduces the long-term use of fossil fuels and thereby reduces CO² production. The main elements for the application of PSD with regards to design, siting and layout are as follows: Orientation - To maximise solar access and its benefits, the principle façade of a building should be orientated to be within 30 degrees of south where feasible. A southerly orientation maximises solar gain in winter. Wind Buildings should be designed and located to reduce the impact of wind chill and suitable shelter belts should be incorporated. Openings - Large glazed surfaces should be located on the southern face of the building. These surfaces must be highly insulated through high performance glazing to prevent the loss of heat. Louth County Development Plan

199 Chapter 9 Energy Internal planning - The internal layout of buildings should be designed by setting occupied spaces to the south and service spaces to the cooler north. Avoidance of overshadowing Where feasible, buildings should be carefully spaced to minimise the loss of solar gain due to overshadowing. 2. Low Energy Performance Buildings All new buildings should be designed to comply with low energy performance standards. The current minimum energy performance requirements for residential buildings are set out in the Second Schedule to the Building Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 497 of 1997). Amendments to the statutory regulations came into effect from the 1st of July 2008 (Building Regulations (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 854 of 2007). It will be a prerequisite of all development in the Plan area that the provisions of the amended building regulations be complied with. 4. Active Solar Design Active solar systems can work in unison with passive systems and provide an alternative mechanism for harnessing solar energy. This system does not rely on site orientation or layout but can be incorporated into any building design to maximise energy efficiency. Active solar technology involves the installation of a solar collector device; this device absorbs the sun s heat to provide space or water heating. A correctly sized unit can provide around half of a household s water needs over a year; large buildings can introduce several systems to increase solar absorption. 5. Alternative Heating Systems Energy efficient heating systems such as wood pellet stoves and boilers and geothermal heat pumps can greatly help to reduce energy consumption. Geothermal heat pumps (GHP) work by extracting heat energy from a low temperature source and upgrading it to a higher temperature so that it can be used for space and water heating. Heat pumps are very economical. For every unit of electricity used to power the heat pump, 3 to 4 units of heat are generated. They work best in conjunction with low temperature heat distribution systems e.g. under floor heating. Wood burning systems do emit carbon dioxide. However, as the wood fuel is cultivated, it absorbs the exact same amount of carbon dioxide as is released when burnt. As such it does not add to the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. An eligible system can be used for heating a single room, hot water or a whole house. 6. Reduction in Water Consumption Fresh water resources are increasingly becoming an issue of environmental and economic importance. According to the European Environment Agency, the average consumption for all household purposes is about 150 litres per capita (1999). On this basis the average water consumption per person in Ireland comes to a staggering 55,000 litres per person per year. The third biggest user of water is the WC, accounting for almost 35% of a person s average daily water consumption. In this regard the use of dual flush or low water capacity cisterns should be used. Louth County Development Plan

200 Chapter 9 Energy 7. Rain Water Harvesting Rain water recovery systems harvest rain water which can then be used for the flushing of toilets, washing machines and general outside use. A rainwater holding tank is installed below the ground that gathers water from the roof of buildings. This water is pumped into a tank within the building s roof space where it is stored until required. This water would otherwise have to be treated and pumped by the local authorities presenting a substantial saving. The system filters and collects between 20% and 30% of total water consumption used by a family of four. The system is isolated from the mains water system to eliminate any possibilities of contamination. In the event of using all of the rainwater reserve, an automatic change over system switches over to using mains water until the rainwater tank starts to refill. The rainwater system generally has three separate filters which reduce particles down to 130 microns. These systems should have the British Board of Agrément approval to meet the Building Regulations. 8. Wind Energy The use of wind turbines to provide a self-sufficient power source or to supply power in combination with other energy sources merits investigation for any large scale development. The Planning and Development Regulations 2006 exempts from planning permission certain types of renewable energy structures including small scale wind turbines. The use of these technologies should be incorporated into the design of buildings from the outset. Proposals for the provision of small and medium size wind turbines which fall outside the exempted development categories will be favourably considered by the council provided that they do not significantly impact on visual or residential amenities of the area. 9. Construction Methods Consideration should be given to the use of renewable building materials such as wood from sustainably managed forests and locally sourced building materials for development projects. Other features of construction should also be considered such as off-site construction and prefabrication to minimise the impact of building on the site, reductions in levels of on-site waste and also minimising cost. The re-use of construction waste such as excavated material and topsoil should also be considered. 10. Waste Management and Disposal All future developments should seek to minimise waste through reduction, re-use and recycling. Waste management and disposal should be considered as part of the construction process and in the operation of the development when completed. 11. Construction Waste Construction related waste accounts for about one-third of total land filled waste in Ireland. Therefore developers and builders should minimise construction waste generated in development projects. During the construction process measures should be implemented to minimise soil removal (as part of the scheme design process), properly manage construction waste and encourage off-site prefabrication where feasible. Louth County Development Plan

201 Chapter 9 Energy 12. Domestic Waste Everyday domestic waste produced by future residents and businesses shall be minimised through reduction, reuse and recycling. All new developments should provide for waste separation facilities, recycling banks and compost units. 13. Precipitation and Climate Change Buildings should, as far as is practical, be future proofed against increased precipitation and storm frequency likely to result from climate change. The following check list should be applied: Check existing water table and natural patterns of drainage Calculate rainwater guttering and pipe work on the basis of up to 30% increase in precipitation Use soft landscaping to reduce storm water runoff and help the rain to percolate naturally back into the water table Use porous paving schemes to allow water to flow down through hard landscaping directly into the water table to minimise drainage requirements and relieve pressure on existing drainage Retain robust roofing details including sarking in preference to battens Preserve and increase planting of native trees to absorb C02 to help reduce global climate change 14. Micro climate enhancement Trees and shrubs can make a significant contribution to energy conservation by providing shelter and modifying climate at the micro level. Designers and developers should plant deciduous trees and use hard landscaping on the south side of buildings to enhance the micro climate and minimise energy use. Louth County Development Plan

202 Chapter 9 Energy Louth County Development Plan

203 Chapter 10 Environment 10.1 Introduction The council is aware of the need to preserve, enhance and protect the quality of the environment whilst facilitating and encouraging development. A good quality environment is not only of intrinsic value in itself but is also extremely important for economic development and quality of life. Water resources in particular are extremely important but have often been neglected in the past in the name of economic progress and advancement. This has also been the case in relation to air quality. The protection of the water and air quality of County Louth is therefore of great concern to the council. This chapter outlines the policies of the council in relation to the protection and management of these essential resources, including measures existing and proposed, to protect the environment of the county for the benefit of existing and future generations European, National and Regional The environmental policies contained in this plan have been devised having regard to the large body of european and national legislation, directives and regulations. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the local authorities are the bodies charged with the responsibility for overseeing environmental protection in the State. The EPA in its State of the Environment Report, 2004, identified five overall environmental priorities for the State. These are: Meeting international commitments on air emissions Eutrophication prevention and control Waste management Better integration of environmental and natural resource considerations in the policies, plans and actions of economic sectors Improving enforcement of environmental legislation The council will pursue environmental policies that will seek to safeguard the long term economic, social and environmental wellbeing of the county and will lead by example Louth County Development Plan

204 Chapter 10 Environment in the compliance with EU, national and regional policies. It will also seek to ensure that the highest possible environmental standards are maintained so that a high quality environment can be bequeathed to future generations. ENV 1 ENV 2 ENV 3 To implement european, national and regional policy in relation to the protection of the environment and the pursuance of sustainable development principles in respect of the council s policies and procedures. To pursue the precautionary and the polluter pays principles in relation to permitted development in the county. To promote and maintain the highest achievable standards of air, noise and water quality in the county Environmental Noise Environmental noise refers to noise emitted by means of road traffic, rail traffic, air traffic and noise in urban agglomerations over a specified size. It is regulated under the Environmental Noise Directive (END) which was transposed into Irish law by the Environmental Noise Regulations The aim of the Directive is to provide for a common EU approach to the avoidance, prevention and reduction of the harmful effects of exposure to environmental noise Noise Action Plan 2008 The Louth Local Authorities have prepared a Noise Action Plan (NAP) to address environmental noise for major roads carrying more than six million vehicles per annum. These include parts of the M1 motorway, N1/A1 dual carriageway, the N52 and the R132. The National Roads Authority has prepared noise maps for the relevant sections of these roads which provide a base line for noise measuring and monitoring. The Noise Action Plan is designed with the twin aims of avoiding significant adverse health impacts from noise and preserving environmental noise quality where good. Louth County Development Plan

205 Chapter 10 Environment ENV 4 ENV 5 To implement the Louth Local Authorities Noise Action Plan 2008 in order to avoid, prevent and reduce the harmful effects, including annoyance, due to exposure to environmental noise. To require that where new development is proposed within the limits of the noise maps for the designated sections of the M1, N1, N52 and R132, that appropriate mitigation measures are undertaken so as to prevent harmful effects from environmental noise Water Quality The long term economic, social and environmental wellbeing of County Louth requires water quality to be of the highest possible standard. This includes surface water, ground water and sea water all of which are vital to life and therefore must be managed wisely. The quality of water in County Louth is monitored on a regular basis against a list of quality measurement criteria. This includes the carrying out of farm surveys, the licensing and monitoring of trade effluent discharges and the assessment of proposed development in order to ensure that water quality is maintained. Increased awareness through educational and other means is essential for informing the public of the need and importance of maintaining the highest possible water quality standards The Water Framework Directive 2000 The Water Framework Directive 2000 sets an agenda for the protection and improvement of water bodies such as rivers, lakes and streams, groundwater, coastal and estuarine waters, on the basis of river basin districts. The Directive is concerned with all waters and their uses and brings all water related directives under one framework, including those dealing with bathing water, drinking water wells and supplies, water taken from rivers, sewage disposal and the protection of salmon and shellfish habitats. As part of the implementation of this Directive, a total of eleven existing EU directives must be complied with in full under legal obligation. There is an onus on local authorities to prevent any deterioration in the existing status of our waters, including the protection of good and high status where it exists, and where deterioration has occurred, to ensure that all waters so affected are restored to at least good status by River Basin District Management Plans A river basin is the area of land from which all surface run-off flows through a sequence of streams, rivers and possibly lakes, into the sea at a single river mouth, estuary or delta. A river basin district also includes coastal and marine waters up to one nautical mile beyond the baseline from which territorial waters are measured. The Water Framework Directive requires that river basin management plans be prepared and implemented, primarily by local authorities, for each identified river basin within the EU boundary. These set out a roadmap as to how the status of natural waters will be protected and restored where necessary. Louth County Development Plan

206 Chapter 10 Environment County Louth straddles two river basin districts, the Neagh-Bann and the Eastern River Basin District. The bulk of County Louth lies within the Neagh Bann River Basin District and its management plan is being prepared jointly by Louth, Cavan, Meath, Monaghan and authorities north of the border. The council will implement the requirements and recommendations contained within both of these plans in so far as they relate to County Louth River Basin Management Planning Guidance for Public Authorities In 2008, the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government issued the River Basin Management Planning Guidance for Public Authorities. These guidelines explain the relationship that exists between the river basin management plans and other plans and programmes, including statutory development plans. It stipulates that local authority development plans will need to, both influence and be influenced by, river basin management plans and that planning authorities should ensure that any relevant objectives of any water quality management plan be included in the development plan. The guidelines also highlight the need for the strategic environmental assessment of the Plan to take into account the impact that it will have on the environmental protection objectives established for waters in the area covered by the plan. ENV 6 ENV 7 To Increase awareness through educational and other means so as to inform the public of the need and importance of maintaining the highest possible water quality standards. To implement the recommendations contained in the River Basin District Management Plans for the Neagh Bann and the Eastern River Basin Districts, in so far as they relate to County Louth Natural Water Systems and Groundwater Good quality groundwater is an important natural resource which has an inherent ecological and economic benefit. The quality of groundwater is continually being threatened by human activities which can cause pollution. The intensification of agriculture, particularly the spreading of animal slurry and farmyard wastes such as silage effluent and soiled water, and increases in population and septic tank effluent, have all led to an increased risk of pollution to groundwater and surface water systems, lakes, estuarine and coastal waters. Louth County Development Plan

207 Chapter 10 Environment Approximately 34% of Louth s water supply comes from groundwater sources. The protection of this resource is of major concern to the council. Poor agricultural management can cause nutrients to be washed into ground and surface water. This results in contamination of water sources, making them unfit for human consumption and to eutrophication, which encourages rapid algae and plant life growth, thereby depriving the water of oxygen necessary for water based life. Once contamination has occurred, it is costly and difficult to rectify. Groundwater protection schemes are county based projects that are undertaken jointly between the Geological Survey Ireland (GSI) and local authorities. The preparation and implementation of a groundwater protection scheme which will identify, quantify and protect groundwater resources in Louth is anticipated in The aim of a groundwater protection scheme is to ensure the sustainability of groundwater reserves as well as meeting the requirements of the Groundwater Directives. ENV 8 ENV 8 (i) To implement the recommendations contained in any groundwater protection scheme prepared under EU Ground Water Directives and to seek the establishment of a ground water protection scheme in order to protect ground water resources in County Louth particularly within the Castletown Estuary and River Proules, nutrient sensitive areas and the designated shellfish growing areas within Carlingford Louth and Dundalk Bay. (ii) To protect fisheries within the River Boyne where appropriate including relevant species as contained in Annex II of the Habitats Directive Nitrate Vulnerable Zones Protection of ground waters from pollution by nitrates is becoming an issue of increasing significance and the EU Nitrates Directive requires remedial actions in this regard. The presence of high levels of nitrates in soil is a health hazard as sources of drinking water can be contaminated. Nitrates can also contribute to eutrophication and this is particularly harmful to coastal and marine resources. Two areas of County Louth identified in the previous plan as exhibiting high nitrates in groundwater, namely Sheepgrange and Tullyallen, have been successfully managed. In areas at risk from water pollution, a primary consideration is the management of Louth County Development Plan

208 Chapter 10 Environment manures and fertilisers. The Castletown Estuary and Proules River are identified as protected nutrient sensitive areas under the Register of Protected Areas. ENV 9 ENV 10 To ensure compliance with and to implement the provisions of the Nitrate Directive in so far as it falls within the remit of the council to do so. To require that collection and storage facilities for farm animal slurry are provided in accordance with the requirements of the Nitrate Directive On Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems All wastewater, including domestic and trade, ultimately discharges to water, whether ground, surface or marine. Therefore, the provision of satisfactory waste water treatment and disposal is essential for the protection of the environment. The majority of wastewater is discharged under license from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or the council depending on the volumes involved. Private waste water treatment systems for individual dwellings or other very small scale development may discharge to ground water without the need to acquire a licence. In such circumstances, the proposed treatment system and quality of the discharge is regulated by way of planning conditions, having regard to the EPA Guidelines for the provision of small scale wastewater treatment systems. In limited circumstances only, the use of small scale private communal waste water treatment systems discharging to either ground or surface water may be acceptable. Where this is permitted, the council will insist that the treatment system remains under single management, enforceable under legal agreement with the council. In order to protect the existing and potential groundwater reserves in the county, the council proposes to undertake, in conjunction with the Geological Survey of Ireland, a comprehensive groundwater survey of the county. It also proposes to produce a guidance document setting out the requirements and information to be submitted with a planning application for all on-site wastewater treatment systems. Louth County Development Plan

209 Chapter 10 Environment ENV 11 ENV 12 ENV 13 ENV 14 ENV 15 ENV 16 To require that all permitted development taking place within an area served by a public wastewater treatment system connects to that system. To require that on lands identified for development and where no public waste water facility exists or is proposed, that the wastewater be treated and discharged to suitable receiving water subject to a discharge licence. To consider permitting development, on zoned land only, on the basis of acceptable interim waste water treatment arrangements under licence where there is insufficient capacity within the existing water treatment facilities, subject to appropriate level of treatment being provided as suitable robust operational arrangements being put in place. To require that private wastewater treatment systems for individual houses, where permitted, comply with the recommendations contained within the EPA manuals and code of practice for wastewater treatment systems for single houses. To implement the requirements of the Groundwater Protection Scheme to protect known and potential ground water reserves. To adhere to the guidance document setting out the requirements and information to be submitted with a planning application for an on site wastewater treatment systems Design and installation of On Site Wastewater Treatment Systems The proper supervision, installation and commissioning of on site wastewater treatment systems by competent persons is regarded as most important in ensuring protection of surface and ground waters. ENV 17 ENV 18 To insist that proper supervision, installation and commissioning of on site wastewater treatment systems by requiring site characterisation procedures and geotechnical assessments be carried out by competent professionally indemnified and suitably qualified persons approved by the council. To require that the construction and installation of all wastewater treatment systems are supervised and certified by a suitably qualified competent person as fit for the intended purpose and complies with the council s requirements North East Region Waste Management Plan The North East Region Waste Management Plan, including the counties of Louth, Cavan, Meath and Monaghan, covers the period and will be subject to further review during the period of the Plan. Louth County Development Plan

210 Chapter 10 Environment The aim of the North East Region Waste Management Plan is to decrease the amount of waste generated and disposed of to landfill throughout the region by promoting the principles of reduce, reuse and recycle and to provide sustainable measures of waste disposal. In any area where there is conflict in relation to environmental policy contained in the development plan and the waste management plan, the latter will take precedent. ENV 19 To implement and support the provisions of the North East Region Waste Management Plan Seveso Sites The European Communities (Control of Major Accident Hazards Involving Dangerous Substances) Regulations, 2000 gives affect to the European Directive on the control of major accidents involving dangerous substances. The legislation is more commonly known as Seveso II Directive. There are three such sites in the county, all of which are located within the jurisdiction of Drogheda Borough Council. ENV 20 To impose restrictions on developments abutting or within close proximity of a Seveso site. The extent of restrictions on development will be dependant on the type of risk present and the quantity and form of the dangerous substance present Derelict Sites Under the Derelict Sites Act 1990 and the Litter Pollution Act, 1997, the planning authority can require improvement of neglected lands, the renewal of structures, the removal of unsightly vehicle parts and general refuse. ENV 21 To implement the provisions of the Derelict Sites Act 1990 and the Litter Pollution Act, 1997 in respect of derelict and obsolete areas Veterinary Services The council s veterinary services are a joint initiative between the council and the Department of Agriculture. It can impact on development proposals in a number of ways through the requirement to comply with EU, national and local regulations. Its function includes the management of the council s animal pound, the issuing of dairy certificates under the European Communities (Hygiene Production and Placing on the Market of Raw Meat and Heat Treated and Milk Based Products) Regulations 1996, Louth County Development Plan

211 Chapter 10 Environment the implementation of the Abattoirs Act 1988 and matters concerning animal welfare and by-products. ENV 22 To implement the function of the veterinary office in partnership with the Department of Agriculture. Louth County Development Plan

212 Chapter 10 Environment Louth County Development Plan

213 Chapter 11 Water Services 11.1 Water Services The provision of a high quality and efficient water supply and drainage infrastructure will ensure the long-term physical, environmental, social and economic development of the county. A high standard of water and wastewater infrastructure and services are prerequisites in facilitating new, orderly and sustainable development. Over the period of the previous Plan, the county has experienced very significant development pressure which has placed serious strain on the capacity of existing water supply and drainage infrastructure. In many settlements there have been and remain significant capacity issues in terms of both water supply and waste water treatment. Key objectives include; The improvement of water and wastewater services in those areas of the county where deficiencies exist at present, subject to the availability of resources and appropriate statutory approvals. Measures to address deficiencies in existing water and wastewater infrastructure, so as to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and the objectives of the Water Framework Directive. The preservation and development of water and wastewater infrastructure in order to facilitate the growth of settlements in a structured, sequential manner. The implementation of adequate surface water drainage measures and the prohibition of unsuitable development in flood susceptible areas, such that risk of flooding of existing or proposed developments is minimised Context The provision and operation of water services infrastructure is a key element in supporting economic growth and providing a satisfactory quality of life for existing and future residents within the county through sustaining environmental quality. In particular, water infrastructural capacity is a pre-requisite to allow for new development within the county. Whilst universal access to these services is an ideal, the reality is that there are limitations on available resources. This stems from a combination of organisational capacity, environmental, planning and other constraints coupled with economic reality, Louth County Development Plan

214 Chapter 11 Water Services all of which dictate that resources must be focused in a manner to maximise potential benefit to the county. The Water Services Act 2007 provides the legislative context, governing functions, standards, obligations and practice in relation to the planning, management and delivery of water services. Legislation broadly covers water and wastewater in the pipe as distinct from broader water resources and quality issues. The Drinking Water Regulations 2007 set out the standards, requirements and procedures relating to the maintenance of a quality supply of water to consumers. The regulations also empower the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in a supervisory and monitoring role over local authority operations. This has major implications in how the council operates and manages its facilities and may impact on the resource requirement needed to operate and upgrade existing facilities to comply with these regulations. The Wastewater Discharge Regulations 2007 set out requirements relating to the licensing of wastewater treatment plants and other discharges from wastewater infrastructure and empower the EPA to licence and regulate council facilities. Licences specify both quantum and quality of discharges permissible from plants and may, where environmental constraints exist, limit the council s scope for expansion of facilities and thus prevent further development in an area. They may then require significant investment to ameliorate the impacts of existing developments. Nitrates, Habitats, Urban wastewater and Shellfish Directives emanating from the EU directly impact on the council s capacity to both harness existing water resources for use, and the capacity to treat and dispose of wastewater and associated bio-solids. In particular, they will impact on the Council s capacity to increase overall outputs, ability to upgrade existing plants and to limit operational costs of plants. Louth County Council s Assessment of Needs was carried out to cover the period from and sets out a strategic investment programme of some million with prioritised projects, based on objective assessment criteria. This in turn informs the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government in drawing up the Water Services Investment Programme. Prioritisation and advancement of projects therein will depend on department approvals and resource availability. A key constraint on such projects is the requirement that the council fund a significant element of project costs in accordance with the implementation of the Water Pricing. The council will be required to draw up a Water Services Strategic Plan during the course of the Plan. The adoption of the Water Services Strategic Plan is a reserved function for the county s elected members. The plan will set out a strategy for the provision of water services in the county taking cognisance of sustainable development, affordability, environmental constraints, service quality and regulatory criteria. The council has a primary role in providing and facilitating the provision of water services. However other bodies also have a role to play. These include private group schemes, developers and private individuals who are also involved in their provision. Louth County Development Plan

215 Chapter 11 Water Services WS 1 WS 2 WS 3 WS 4 WS 5 WS 6 WS 7 WS 8 WS 9 WS 10 To ensure the provision of a high quality water and wastewater infrastructure to support both existing and future developments within the county, consistent with sustainability principles and the availability of financial resources whilst prioritising those centres where serious deficiencies are in evidence or where further sustainable development can be reasonably anticipated. To ensure appropriate assessments are carried out on development proposals in respect of flood risk. To require developers to submit sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) based designs for the management of surface water from new developments. To ensure that the provision and operation of water and wastewater treatment facilities is undertaken in accordance with EU policies and directives, relevant national legislation, national and regional policies. To ensure that satisfactory arrangements that have the capacity necessary to service proposed developments are in place prior to any proposals for developments being considered. The council where deemed appropriate may require developers to provide water services or enter into binding legal agreement to supply them either wholly by themselves, or in partnership with other developers and/ or the council, prior to granting of permission and subject to conditions as set down by the council. To require developers to provide water services infrastructure in excess of that which they require, in the interests of integrated long term development of the area where appropriate. To implement the Water Services Strategic Plan when completed. To undertake measures recommended in the River Basin Management Plans relevant to County Louth to mitigate the impacts of water abstraction and discharges of treated effluent from wastewater plants and storm drains, on a prioritised basis, subject to affordability. To ensure that the scale of provision of water services reflect the scale of envisaged settlement sizes in accordance with the settlement strategy, whilst reflecting realistic provision in the context of overall projected population growth in the county for the period of the Plan. To fully integrate the provision of water services in County Louth under the aegis of Louth County Council in accordance with provisions of Local Government Act Water Supply Water demand has increased significantly over the course of the previous plan. This has been driven by growth in the number of households, lifestyle changes and lower unit occupancy. Domestic water usage in Ireland at circa 160litres per head per day is amongst the highest in Europe, reflecting the absence of domestic water charges based on consumption. Furthermore it is likely that that implementation of the Water Framework Directive measures will curtail our capacity to significantly increase abstractions from rivers and groundwater resources, which are in any case limited. Louth County Development Plan

216 Chapter 11 Water Services Capital Investment Programme: Water A substantial capital program is being pursued. The Water Pricing will present a significant challenge to council finances in respect of funding capital schemes. As such, the strategic approach adopted is to develop large integrated schemes which can be implemented in a piecemeal manner as demand arises, focusing initially on addressing shortfalls in existing quality and supply arrangements, thus minimising costs. The following water schemes are progressing as part of the council s capital investment programme. Table 11.1: Capital Investment Programmes Project Description Status Cooley Regional Water Supply Stage 2 Provision of new supply to Omeath Upgrade of existing facilities in Cooley scheme Subject to identifying additional resources extending supply to adjacent unserviced areas in north Louth Preliminary report Mid-Louth Regional Water Supply Scheme East Meath, South Louth and Drogheda Water Supply Improvement Scheme Dundalk and Environs Strategic water Study North Drogheda Upgrading of existing piped infrastructure and storage along eastern side of county from Dundalk to Drogheda Develop a new treatment plant abstracting water from the Rivers Dee and Glyde Single supply source for Ardee, Dunleer Louth and Greenmount schemes. Upgrading of Staleen wastewater treatment plant WTP Development of new groundwater sources Peripheral trunk main around Drogheda and increased storage Provision of additional supplies and key network assets to Drogheda environs and south Louth area Strategic study of demands, supply options, asset renewal and investment programme required to provide supplies to the Dundalk area and its environs over a 20 year horizon Provision of trunk water mains Development of groundwater sources Preliminary report contract documentation procurement Preliminary report contract Final report Contract documentation Louth County Development Plan

217 Chapter 11 Water Services Water Supply: Current Status County Louth operates twenty public supply schemes. A number of group schemes are also supplied from public mains and these are in effect operated by the council. A further seven private group schemes operate within the county and are supported through the Rural Water Programme. The remaining properties are serviced by individual wells or other private sources of supply. Public and private group schemes are to be licensed and regulated under the Water Services Act by the Environmental Protection Agency in the case of public schemes. Private group schemes will be overseen by the council once relevant regulations are enacted. Commercial private supplies using water as part of their activities are also regulated by the council. Figure 11.1 illustrates the types of water supply in the county. Almost 80% of supplies are by public main and the remainder by group schemes and private wells. Figure 11.1: Types of Water Supply The council supports the continued operation and development of the private group scheme sector and sees this sector as providing a very effective mechanism of developing piped services in currently unserviced areas. Table 11.2 outlines existing public schemes, their source of supply, existing demand and deployable yield. Details of private group schemes and their extent are contained in table Louth County Development Plan

218 Chapter 11 Water Services Table 11.2: Public Water Schemes Scheme Ardee Source River Dee and wells Volume Supplied (m³/day) Scheme Capacity (m³) Comments Plant to be upgraded to address quality issues. Ultimately to be supplied from Mid Louth scheme Greenmount River Dee Integrated into Mid Louth Scheme Tallanstown River Glyde Ultimately to be supplied from Mid Louth scheme Carlingford Greenore Omeath Surface spring Surface spring Lislea River and wells To be integrated into Cooley scheme source to be abandoned To be upgraded as part of Cooley scheme Existing sources to be abandoned. To be integrated into Cooley Scheme Cooley Bored wells Scheme to be upgraded Jenkinstown 100 Scheme integrated into Cooley Carrickcarnan DOE NI 10 Supplied by DOE NI Water services Dunbin River Fane Connected to Cavanhill supply Sheelagh/ River Fane Connected to Cavanhill supply Courtbane Dunleer River Dee Integrated into Greenmount Clogherhead/ Termonfeckin River Boyne 1100 Supplied from Drogheda, augmented by well source. Capacity dependent on Drogheda supply Collon Bored wells 1407 Capacity variable depending on well yield. Kilineer Bored wells 4 5 Drybridge Bored wells 350 Cavanhill River Fane 20,000 34,000 Currently being upgraded Castletown Annaskeagh Decommissioned. Industrial usage only. Staleen River Boyne 28,000 30,000 Currently being upgraded. 15,000 of the capacity is extracted to Meath. Rosehall Barnattan/ Mattock Rivers 2,250 2,250 To be decommissioned when Staleen capacity is augmented. Louth County Development Plan

219 Chapter 11 Water Services Table 11.3: Private Group Water Schemes Scheme Source No. of Domestic Connections Volume Supplied /day (m³) Comment Ballymakenny Bored wells Drybridge/ Bored wells Waterunder Tullyallan Bored wells Limited further capacity Grangebellew Bored wells Limited further capacity Mountain Spring No further capacity Park source Tinure Bored well Taken in charge by council. Supplied from Collon public water supply. Sheepgrange Bored well New well and reservoir developed Killanny Reaghstown Ardaghy Moynalty Lough Surface stream Serves Monaghan and Louth. Figures reflect services in Louth Disbanded WS 11 To ensure adequacy of public water supplies consistent with sustainability principles and within the limits of cost effectiveness and availability of finance. WS 12 To ensure the quality of water supplied complies with Drinking Water Regulations and reflects the requirements of the Provision and Quality of Drinking Water in Ireland A Report for the years published by the EPA. WS 13 To promote and support the development and proper management of Group Water Schemes subject to appropriate level of treatment being provided and suitable robust operational arrangements being put in place. WS 14 To improve and expand water supplies consistent with the Louth County Council Assessment of Needs Strategy and Water Services Investment Programme. WS 15 To promote the conservation of water through the continuance of our active water conservation programme and the utilisation of best practice in the maintenance and operation distribution networks and development of appropriate public awareness programmes. WS 16 To implement a policy of metering all existing and new developments to effectively manage water demand and in the case of non-domestic developments, to facilitate charging for services in accordance with Article 9 of the EU Water Framework Directive. WS 17 To protect existing surface and groundwater resources and in particular those that supply drinking water or offer the potential to be harnessed for supply of drinking water and to implement measures identified in the Groundwater Source Protection Plan once finalised. Louth County Development Plan

220 Chapter 11 Water Services 11.4 Wastewater Legislation is in place to the effect that the council would be committing an offence were it to grant permissions where the total treatment capacity allocated in any centre is in excess of actual treatment capacity available, unless the council can ensure that facilities can be expanded before loading arises from the new developments. This arises from EPA licensing under Wastewater Discharge Regulations. Implementation of measures arising from River Basin Management Plans will also impact significantly on both existing plants and future plants, including private treatment plants. The requirement to have all water bodies meeting good status by 2015 will be extremely challenging. Future development will be contingent on provision of adequate wastewater treatment facilities which produce high quality effluent. Extensions to existing plants and new plants, if permitted, must be commensurate in scale with proposed size and densities of development that can reasonable be permitted in such centres. Development envelopes must in turn be such as to allow the economical provision of collection systems if new centres are to be serviced. In the case of individual and communal private treatment systems cognisance of impact of discharges on groundwater and surface water must be taken, in particular the magnified impact of concentrations of such units in a locality discharging to aquifers. In order to ensure compliance with the Dangerous Substances Directive, significant additional monitoring of discharges from the non-domestic sector will have to be undertaken along with the licensing of discharges Capital Investment Programme In addition to the Water Services Investment Programme funded works, a significant programme is being funded through the council s own resources, augmented by the Serviced Land Initiative funding and private sector participation. Key constraints on developments are the large element of local authority funding required. This is often in excess of 60% in respect of treatment facilities, and environmental constraints which physically limit the size of facility that can be provided and operated at reasonable cost. The latter factor will have a greater impact as the implementation of River Basin plans progress over the course of the Plan. An additional consideration will be that EPA discharge licensing requirements will become clearer during the life of the Plan. This Louth County Development Plan

221 Chapter 11 Water Services may constrain expansion as considerable resources will have to be diverted to upgrading of existing plants and networks. Table 11.4: Wastewater Capital Investment Programme Project Description Status Ardee Sewerage Scheme Tallanstown, Collon, Knockbridge, Louth Village Sewerage Schemes Drogheda Sewerage Scheme Stage 3 Blackrock Sewerage and South and East Drainage Castlebellingham sewerage Clogherhead Sewerage Omeath Sewerage North Drogheda Environs Rehabilitation of existing network Preliminary design of extensions to network Expansion of treatment facilities and enhancement of treatment levels Expansion of existing wastewater treatment facilities Enhancement of treatment levels Upgrading of wastewater treatment plant capacity from 67,000 PE to 101,000 PE Possible increase in capacity to 125,000 PE through process enhancement Network study Rehabilitation of existing network Preliminary design of extensions to network in Blackrock Provision of pump station and associated network in area to west of Dublin Road. Examination of treatment options Provision of separate surface water drainage Upgrading of treatment facilities Upgrading of storm overflow facilities Upgrading of treatment facilities Provision of treatment Provision of trunk sewer Wastewater Schemes: Current Status Preliminary stage/eis Construction stage Completion contract and Preliminary design construction Design Feasibility study Feasibility study Contract documentation The council directly operates fourteen public sewerage schemes. The Dundalk and Drogheda schemes are operated under an operation and maintenance contract by a contractor. Secondary treatment is provided at all schemes save Omeath and Greenore where sewage is discharged untreated. Table 11.5 outlines loads on schemes as estimated in early 2008, the total load committed including existing Louth County Development Plan

222 Chapter 11 Water Services planning permissions, the current capacity of plants where applicable, and proposed capacity where plant is likely to be extended within life of the Plan. A comment is appended as to feasibility of further expansion and constraints that have been identified. Table 11.5: Wastewater Schemes - Current Status Current Pop. served (PE)* Total Load Committed (PE) Current Capacity (PE) Proposed Capacity (PE) Comments Annagassan Potential exists to expand capacity subject to additional land being acquired. Designation of Dundalk Bay may impact as discharges are to Dee/Glyde transition waters. Ardee ,500 Proposals for phased upgrading of plant with DEHLG. Carlingford Design capacity allocated Castlebellingham Up to Constrained by potential /Kilsaran 3000 water abstraction which may be located downstream and limited dilution Clogherhead Significant seasonal loading. Process improvements may increase capacity to Collon Plant expansion under construction Completion due in Commercial load may be overestimated. Drogheda 65, , ,000 Available capacity is allocated between LCC, Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough Council. Dromiskin Plant will require upgrade during life of the Plan. Dundalk 90, , ,000 Significant capacity allocated to ongoing developments. Dunleer Capacity may be constrained due to availability of dilution in White River. Knockbridge Plant expansion under construction. Completion due in 2009 Louth County Development Plan

223 Chapter 11 Water Services Louth Village Plant expansion under construction. Completion due in Omeath No treatment at present. Greenore 200 No treatment at present Tallanstown Plant expansion under construction. Completion due in 2009 Baltray/ Sewage pumped to Termonfeckin Drogheda Tinure Plant will require upgrade during life of the Plan Tullyallen Upgraded in 2005 *PE Population equivalent Private Wastewater Treatment Systems A significant number of houses are catered for by individual on site treatment plants. The requirements relating to the siting and operation of these individual waste water treatment systems are dealt with in chapter 10, Environment. A limited number of non domestic developments are also serviced by private treatment plants. Figure 11.2 details types of sewerage facilities in the county. The majority of the facilities, some 70% are public schemes. Figure 11.2: Types of Sewerage Facilities WS 18 WS 19 To ensure that all Category I and II Settlements have adequate wastewater facilities with adequate capacity to cater for existing loadings and projected sustainable growth taking due cognisance of environmental, financial and value for money considerations. To adopt an incremental approach to provision of additional treatment capacity. This shall relate both to the scale of existing developments, Louth County Development Plan

224 Chapter 11 Water Services WS 20 WS 21 WS 22 WS 23 WS 24 and appropriate growth at these locations. Availability of services shall not be a precursor to large scale growth in inappropriate locations. To ensure that the siting and operation of all treatment plants and systems shall not significantly impact on the quality of receiving ground water, coastal estuarine water and surface waters. To extend the licensing of all discharges to sewers. This will apply to all discharges in excess of 5 m³ per day or where the discharge warrants same due to specific characteristics. To minimise the impact of storm overflows on receiving water quality through implementation of programmed upgrade of units and networks. To prohibit the use of pump stations for conveyance of sewage unless the proposed pump station will cater for a significant catchment of zoned development lands that otherwise cannot be drained. Where deemed appropriate by the council, temporary pumping arrangements may be considered as an interim measure, pending the provision of more permanent arrangements within a reasonable timeframe. In such instances the full cost of providing operating and decommissioning interim arrangements shall be paid in advance by developer along with normal development levies. To ensure that all developments will have regard for policies expressed in the Greater Dublin Strategic Drainage Study with particular reference to: a) Infiltration and exfiltration b) Climate Change c) Basements d) New developments e) Environment f) Surface water 11.5 Water Conservation The National Water Conservation Programme states that local authorities should actively assess the needs for water conservation on a countywide basis. To obtain the optimum value from investment in water conservation, Louth Local Authorities Water Conservation and Network Management Project is implementing a three phase programme. Nationally, some 50% of treated water is unaccounted for. It is a target to reduce this to between 20% and 30%. Phase 1 of the project established ninety district metered areas (DMA).The establishment of these district areas included the installation of bulk flow meters and loggers to record flow and pressure into the water schemes throughout the county. By understanding the input flow, population, number of houses and the non domestic metered usage in an area, the volume of unaccounted water can be calculated. Unaccounted water usage arises from leakage and irresponsible usage and wastage. Phase 2 of the project, which is currently underway, addresses active leakage detection and leak repair in each of the DMA. To date this has resulted in the saving of some six million litres of water daily, equivalent to almost 13% of water production between 2006 and end of Phase 3 comprises the targeted rehabilitation of mains and refurbishment of networks which are in poor condition. These works will be ongoing over the period of the Plan. In addition this project will initiate an education Louth County Development Plan

225 Chapter 11 Water Services programme on the value and need for water conservation and sustainable water supply development including water harvesting. Future developments should have regard to the need to conserve water and as a means of addressing this may include the following measures: Sensor taps Pressure and flow regulations on fittings Appropriately sized meters Prohibition on direct feeds to heating and appliances Low flush toilets Rainwater harvesting and reuse Installation of meters to non domestic premises Installation of meters to housing developments Replacement of old boundary boxes/stop cocks Programme for replacement combined connections WS 25 WS 26 To implement the Water Conservation Programme in order to conserve valuable resources by reducing wastage, in both distribution systems and on individual consumer connections. To promote public awareness and involvement in water conservation measures by households, businesses and industries Surface Water Drainage and Flooding Surface Water Drainage As new developments are constructed less rainfall is absorbed into the ground and an increased volume of water (up to times pre-development volumes) runs to drains at increased rates of flow. This has the potential to cause localised flooding in streams and piped drains, as well as bringing surface contaminants such as dog waste and spillages directly into watercourses, causing pollution. Thus new developments can lead to flooding problems for existing upstream and downstream developments as well as impacting on overall water quality, particularly in respect of dangerous substance contamination, habitat deterioration and deterioration of river and stream channels. Furthermore, a number of Louth s existing collection networks are partially combined and are operating near or at capacity. WS 27 To ensure that the incorporation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems measures in all settlements is mandatory. An integrated approach to Louth County Development Plan