Operating manual Electronic Moisture Analyser

Transcription

1 KERN & Sohn GmbH Ziegelei 1 D Balingen info@kern-sohn.com Phone: +49-[0] Fax: +49-[0] Internet: Operating manual Electronic Moisture Analyser KERN MLB_C Version /2014 GB MLB_C-BA-e-1431

2 GB KERN MLB_C Version /2014 Operating manual Electronic Moisture Analyser Contents 1 TECHNICAL DATA Dimensions DEVICE OVERVIEW Keyboard overview Display overview (during measurement) BASIC INFORMATION (GENERAL) Proper use Improper Use Warranty Monitoring of Test Resources BASIC SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Pay attention to the instructions in the Operation Manual Personnel training Danger Information TRANSPORT AND STORAGE Testing upon acceptance Packaging / return transport UNPACKING, SETUP AND COMMISSIONING Installation Site, Location of Use Unpacking and assembly Scope of delivery Mains connection MLB_C-BA-e-1431

3 6.4 Switch on/switch off device Stability display Balance zero display Connection of peripheral devices Initial Commissioning WEIGH/TARE MENU P1 CAL - ADJUSTMENT P1-01 External adjustment P1-02 Adjustment test P1-03 Temperature adjustment P1-04 Adjustment record print-out P1-05 temperature calibration P2 GLP (GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE) P3 SETTING DATE/TIME P4 BASIC SETTINGS P5 RS 232 INTERFACE P6 OTHER USEFUL FUNCTIONS OPERATOR MENU MOISTURE ANALYSIS Moisture analysis without using the program library Setting drying parameters How to implement drying Moisture analysis using the program library Activate program library P6-01-Libr Setting drying parameters Select drying parameters and carry out drying MLB_C-BA-e

4 16 GENERAL INFORMATION CONCERNING MOISTURE ANALYSIS Application Basics Adjustment to existing measuring method Preparing a sample Sample material Sample size / originally weighted in quantity Drying temperature Recommendations / Guidelines DATA OUTPUT Remote control instructions SERVICING, MAINTENANCE, DISPOSAL Cleaning Change fuse Servicing, maintenance Disposal INSTANT HELP DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY MLB_C-BA-e-1431

5 1 Technical data Data MLB 50-3C MLB 50-3C110V Radiator Infrared (1 x 400 W) Temperature range max. 160 C Maximum load (Max) Readability (d) Display accuracy Weighed portion < 1.5 g Display accuracy Weighed portion > 1.5 g Recommended adjustment weight, not added (class) Sample size Warm-up time Heating profiles 50 g 1 mg 0,01 % 0,001 % 50g (F1) max. 50 g 4 h Standard drying Step-by-step drying Quick drying Repeatability for originally weighted in quantity 2 g Repeatability for originally weighted in quantity 10 g Repeatability in weighing mode (= standard deviation) Environmental conditions Gentle drying 0.24 % 0,04 % 0,001g +10 C.+40 C ambient temperature max 80% air humidity non-condensing MLB_C-BA-e

6 Shut-down criteria Sample dishes included Automatic 1 (shut-down at change of weighing value < 1mg within 10 s) Automatic 2 (shut-down at change of weighing value < 1mg within 25 s) Automatic 3 (shut-down at change of weighing value < 1mg within 60 s) Automatic 4 (shut-down at change of weighing value < 1mg within 90 s) Automatic 5 (shut-down at change of weighing value < 1mg within 120 s) Manual Time-controlled (1 min 9h 59 min) 10 (Ø 92 mm) Display after drying Display can be switched at any time Moisture [%] = Weight loss from starting weight (SW) Dry mass [%] = Residual weight (RW) left from starting weight (SW) % % ATRO[%] [(SG RG) : RG ] x 100% % Residual weight [g] Dimensions Housing 206 x 333 x 192 mm Available drying chamber 120 x 120 x 20 mm Net weight 4.9 kg Electric Supply 230V/420W 50 Hz AC 110V/420W 60 Hz AC 1.1 Dimensions 6 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

7 2 Device overview Pos. Description 1 Heated cover 2 Viewing panel 3 Halogen lamp 4 Sample dish 5 Windshield 6 Removal aid 7 Display 8 Keyboard 9 Adjustable foot MLB_C-BA-e

8 2.1 Keyboard overview Button Function Switch machine on/off Switch display during drying process Start/finish measurement Exit menu Quit Navigation keys Data export to external device Confirm / store settings Taring Zeroing Go to application menu (set drying parameters) Call-up user menu 8 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

9 2.2 Display overview (during measurement) 1. Display in moisture % 2. Current moisture content in %. 3. Results display in moisture % 4. Heating profile 5. Shutoff criterion 6. Previous drying time 7. Current temperature 8. Drying process active MLB_C-BA-e

10 3 Basic Information (General) 3.1 Proper use The device purchased by you is designed for a fast and reliable determination of material moisture in liquid, porous and solid materials by applying the method of thermogravimetrics. 3.2 Improper Use Impacts and overloading exceeding the stated maximum load (max) of the device, minus a possibly existing tare load, must be strictly avoided. Balance may be damage by this. Never operate device in explosive environment. The serial version is not explosion protected. The structure of the balance may not be modified. This may lead to incorrect weighing results, safety-related faults and destruction of the balance. The balance may only be used according to the described conditions. Other areas of use must be released by KERN in writing. 3.3 Warranty Loss of warranty due to: - Our conditions in the operation manual are ignored - The appliance is used outside the described uses - The appliance is modified or opened - Mechanical damage and damage caused by media, liquids, natural wear and tear - The appliance is improperly set up or incorrectly electrically connected - The measuring system is overloaded 3.4 Monitoring of Test Resources In the framework of quality assurance the measuring-related properties of the balance and, if applicable, the testing weight, must be checked regularly. The responsible user must define a suitable interval as well as type and scope of this test. Information is available on KERN s home page ( with regard to the monitoring of balance test substances and the test weights required for this. In KERN's accredited DKD calibration laboratory test weights and balances may be calibrated (return to the national standard) fast and at moderate cost. 10 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

11 4 Basic Safety Precautions 4.1 Pay attention to the instructions in the Operation Manual Carefully read this operation manual before setup and commissioning, even if you are already familiar with KERN balances. All language versions contain a non-binding translation. The original German is binding. 4.2 Personnel training The device may be used and serviced only by trained staff. 4.3 Danger Information WARNING! The moisture analyser is used to analyse the moisture content of materials. This instrument must be used exclusively for this purpose. Any other usage may cause a risk to personnel, damage to the instrument or other material damage.! The moisture analyser should be used mainly for the drying of aqueous substances.! The moisture analyser may not be used in a hazardous area.! The instrument may only be operated and maintained by trained personnel.! Carefully read this operation manual before setup and commissioning, even if you are already familiar with KERN instruments. Hazards during and after measuring! Ensure correct installation of all components, see chap. 6.2! Careful when removing the sample. The sample itself, the sample dish and the heating unit may be very hot.! Use the sample retainer at all times as it allows safe working and prevents burns.! Individual parts of the case (e. g. the ventilation grids) may heat up considerably during operation. Therefore, only take hold of the instrument by the marked handles. MLB_C-BA-e

12 CAUTION The moisture analyzer operates using heat! + Maintain sufficient space in the environment of the instrument to prevent heat build-up (distance from the instrument 20cm, upwards 1m). + The heat extractor of the sample must never be covered, blocked, taped up or altered in any other way. + Never place combustible materials on, under or next to the instrument, as the environment of the instrument heats up to a high temperature. + Careful when removing the sample. The sample itself, the sample dish and the heating unit may be very hot. CAUTION Fire or explosion + Explosive, easily flammable samples and samples that go into a chemical reaction when subjected to heat, may not be analysed with the moisture analyser. Sample materials developing aggressive vapours (e. g. acids) may cause corrosion problems on some parts of the instrument. + If in doubt, conduct a risk analysis. + Select a drying temperature for samples of this kind that is low enough to prevent ignition or explosion. + Wear safety goggles. WARNING Substances that contain toxic or corrosive ingredients, produce toxic gases when drying, cause irritation (eyes, skin, airways), induce nausea or result in death + Sample materials emitting toxic substances must be dried with a special extraction system in place. Create an environment that prevents the inhalation of vapours hazardous to health. + Sample materials developing aggressive vapours (e. g. acids) may cause corrosion problems on some parts of the instrument. 12 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

13 5 Transport and storage 5.1 Testing upon acceptance When receiving the appliance, please check packaging immediately, and the appliance itself when unpacking for possible visible damage. 5.2 Packaging / return transport Keep all parts of the original packaging for a possibly required return. Only use original packaging for returning. Prior to dispatch disconnect all cables and remove loose/mobile parts. MLB_C-BA-e

14 Secure all items against slipping or damage. 14 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

15 6 Unpacking, Setup and Commissioning 6.1 Installation Site, Location of Use The instrument is designed to achieve reliable weighing results under normal conditions of use. You will work accurately and fast, if you select the right location for the instrument. On the installation site observe the following:! Remove explosion prone and easily flammable material in the immediate vicinity. Emerging vapours, sample dish and all parts of the sample chamber are hot!! Protect the instrument against direct draughts due to open windows and doors.! Avoid extreme heat and temperature fluctuations e.g. due to installation next to radiators.! Do not expose the instrument to extreme dampness for longer periods of time. Non-permitted condensation (condensation of air humidity on the instrument ) may occur if a cold instrument is taken to a considerably warmer environment. In this case, acclimatize the disconnected instrument for ca. 2 hours at room temperature.! Avoid direct sunlight! The air humidity should be between 45% and 75%, non-condensing.! Sufficient distance from heat-sensitive materials in area around instrument.! Protect the instrument against high humidity, vapours and dust,! Major display deviations (incorrect weighing results) may be experienced should electromagnetic fields (e.g. due to mobile phones or radio instruments), static electricity accumulations or instable power supply occur. Change location or remove source of interference.! Avoid static charging of the material to be weighed, weighing container and windshield! Place the instrument on a firm, level surface.! Avoid jarring during weighing. MLB_C-BA-e

16 6.2 Unpacking and assembly Take the moisture meter carefully out of its packaging, remove the plastic jacket and install it at the designated work space. The moisture meter is supplied part-assembled. Control whether the delivery is complete immediately after unpacking the individual parts and assemble the separate component parts according to the enclosed diagram. Sample dish Dish retainer Removal aid Windshield Windshield base plate Put on the dish retainer carefully, ensuring correct positioning: Level instrument with foot screws until the air bubble of the water balance is in the prescribed circle. Check levelling regularly. 16 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

17 6.2.1 Scope of delivery Serial accessories: Moisture analyzer, see illustration chap sample dishes Power cable Operating manual 6.3 Mains connection Power supply is provided via the supplied mains cable. Check, whether the voltage acceptance on the scales is set correctly. Do not connect the scales to the power grid unless the information on the scales (sticker) matches the local mains voltage. Important: Does the rating match the standard local mains current? - Do not connect if mains voltages are different! - If matching, connect the scales. The moisture analyzer must be connected to a standard socket with earth terminal. Do not eliminate the protective effect by using an extension lead without earth terminal. For power supplies from power grids without earth terminals call a specialist to establish equivalent protection according to the relevant installation regulations. 6.4 Switch on/switch off device Press the ON/OFF key. The unit will carry out a self-test. The device is ready for measuring as soon as g appears on the weighing display. If the display deviates from zero, operate the TARE key. For short pauses in measurement, switch off device at ON/OFF switch and do not disconnect from mains. Stability display If the display shows the stability display [ ] the balance is in a stable status. If the status is instable the [ ] display disappears. Balance zero display Should the balance not display exactly zero despite empty balance pan, wait for stability display and press the TARE button. The balance start with resetting to zero and the symbol "a" will appear. MLB_C-BA-e

18 6.5 Connection of peripheral devices Before connecting or disconnecting of additional devices (printer, PC) to the data interface, always disconnect the balance from the power supply. With your balance, only use accessories and peripheral devices by KERN, as they are ideally tuned to your balance. 6.6 Initial Commissioning In order to obtain exact results with the electronic balances, your balance must have reached the operating temperature (see warming up time chap. 1). During this warming up time the balance must be connected to the power supply (mains, accumulator or battery). The accuracy of the balance depends on the local acceleration of gravity. Strictly observe hints in chapter Adjustment. 18 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

19 7 Weigh/tare Weighing Switch on with ON/OFF switch. Place load on and off weighing platform several times before weighing. Place items to be weighed on platform and wait for stability indicator [ appear; take weight reading. ] to Tare Tare device with TARE button if using a weighing container. The tare weight is saved until it is deleted. Note: The tare procedure can be repeated as many times as necessary, for example with initial weighing of several components for a mix (add-on weighing). The limit is reached when the total weighing range capacity is full. After removing the taring container the total weight is displayed as negative display. Delete tare Remove weight from scales and press TARE button, the zero display will appear. MLB_C-BA-e

20 8 Menu The menu is arranged in a user and operator menu. The scales are adjusted to user requirements in the user menu; setting of drying parameters is carried out in the application menu. The user menu is displayed using the F switch, the application menu is displayed using the MENU switch. P1 CAL P1 01 ECAL P1 02 tcal User menu Adjustment External adjustment Adjustment test P1 03 te_cal Temperature adjustment P1 04 CALr Record print out yes/no P1 05 tst_co P2 GLP P2 01 USr P2 02 PrJ Temperature calibration Best laboratory practice User Project P2 03 Ptin Print time yes/no P2 04 PdAt Datum yes/no P2 05 PUSr User yes/no P2 06 PPrJ Print project yes/no P2 07 PId Print serial no. yes/no P2 08 PFr Frame printout yes/no P3 time Date/time P3 01 StinnE Date format M/T/J; T/M/J P3 02 SdAtE Time format 12 h; 24 h P4 read Basic Settings P4-01 AuE Filter settings Stand/Slouu/FASt P4-02 Auto Auto zero On/OFF P5 Print RS232-parameters P5-01 baud Baud rate 2400/4800/9600/19200 P5-02 PStb Show unstable weight readings YES/no P5-03 LinE_t Output interval 1/2/3/5/10/20/30/60/120/180 P5-04 Prn-Pc Output to PC YES/no P6 other Other useful functions P6-01 Libr Program library YES/no P6-02 bl Display background illumination On/Aut/OF P6-03 blba Brightness of display No/10/20/30/40/50/60/70/80/90/100 P6-04 beep Key sound yes/no P6-05 PrnS Print out Current menu settings P6-06 Preuer Not documented yes/no 20 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

21 Navigation in the menu: Button Function in Menu Enter user menu Scroll to next page Reduce digit Scroll back Change parameter value Increase digit Submenu/Parameter call-up Shift selection of number to be changed to the right Exit sub-menu/parameter, return to menu Shift selection of number to be changed to the left Confirm/save settings Quit function without changing the settings Back to menu Storing / jumping back to weighing mode Any changes made in the balance memory will only be saved when the storing process is complete. To achieve this, press the key several times until SAVE? appears. Any changes carried out are stored by pressing the key. To cancel changes, press the key. Afterwards the balance automatically jumps back to weighing mode. MLB_C-BA-e

22 9 P1 CAL - adjustment As the acceleration value due to gravity is not the same at every location on earth, each balance must be coordinated - in compliance with the underlying physical weighing principle - to the existing acceleration due to gravity at its place of location (only if the balance has not already been adjusted to the location in the factory). This adjustment process must be carried out for the first commissioning, after each change of location as well as in case of fluctuating environment temperature. To receive accurate measuring values it is also recommended to adjust the balance periodically in weighing operation. 9.1 P1-01 External adjustment Carry out adjustment with the help of the recommended adjustment weight (see chapter 1 Technical Specifications ). Observe stable environmental conditions. A warming up time (see chapter 1) is required for stabilization. Sample dishes must be in place. During the adjustment process no objects should be on the sample plate. Wait until the weighed value for the required adjustment weight appears. Place adjustment weight in the centre of the sample dish. If the adjustment was successful, this will be followed by automatic return to the menu. The ESC key may be used to cancel the adjustment. Errors during adjustment or the use of an incorrect adjusting weight will result in an error message. Repeat adjustment. If objects are location in the sample dish during adjustment, the error report Er1 Hi will be displayed. Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. 22 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

23 9.2 P1-02 Adjustment test Here, deviation from the last adjustment is determined. Only a check will be carried out, no variables will be changes. Wait until the weighed value for the required adjustment weight appears. Place adjustment weight in the centre of the sample dish. The results of the adjustment test will be displayed. Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. MLB_C-BA-e

24 9.3 P1-03 Temperature adjustment We recommend occasionally checking the temperature level of the device using the temperature calibration set MLB-A12. The temperature is measured at three points and can be adjusted at these temperature points. Before you do this, allow the device to cool down for at least 3 hours after the last heating phase. 24 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

25 Preparation: Switch off instrument. Remove sample dish, dish holder, removal aid and windshield. Install the temperature-calibration set acc. to fig. Switch on instrument. Begin temperature adjustment: Close heating hood and carry out temperature calibration as described in the following. On the temperature calibration set switchon the digital thermometer by the ON/OFF button. MLB_C-BA-e

26 Keep pressing until te_cal appears. The first heating phase is starting. The current temperature is displayed. Temperature calibration of first point will take 8 min after which you will hear an acoustic signal. Compare flashing temperature display with the temperature reading displayed on the thermometer. If the two values do not match, correct with the help of the navigation buttons. Confirm input, the second heating phase is starting. Temperature calibration of the second point will take 8 min after which you will hear an acoustic signal. Compare flashing temperature display with the temperature reading displayed on the thermometer. If the two values do not match, correct with the help of the navigation buttons. 26 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

27 Confirm input, the third heating phase is starting. Temperature calibration of the third point will take 8 min after which you will hear an acoustic signal. Compare flashing temperature display with the temperature reading displayed on the thermometer. If the two values do not match, correct with the help of the navigation buttons. confirm, the instrument is returning to the menu. Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESC-key. If an optional printer is connected and function P1-04 is activated, a adjustment record will be produced. MLB_C-BA-e

28 9.5 P1-04 Adjustment record print-out If the function is activated, your adjustment data will automatically be printed-out after every adjustment. YES NO Function activated Function deactivated Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. The content of this printout depends on the data defined in P2 GLP (See chap. 10) Sample adjustment record: 28 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

29 9.6 P1-05 temperature calibration This function is used to measure the temperature of the instrument. Only a check will be carried out, no variables will be changed. For preparation/installation of temperature calibration set, see chap Begin temperature calibration Keep pressing until tst_co appears.. The display to enter the temperature value to be tested will appear. Select the desired temperature with the navigation keys. Confirm entry. keys. Enter permitted deviation with the navigation Confirm entry. Enter serial number of the temperature calibration set with the navigation keys. Confirm entry. MLB_C-BA-e

30 The instrument will be automatically heated to the set temperature. The current temperature and the elapsed time will be indicated in the display. The procedure lasts 8 minutes. The display for entering the temperature of the external thermometer will be displayed. keys. Enter temperature value with the navigation Confirm entry. If an optional printer is connected, a record will be produced. Printout example KERN YKB-01N: Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESC-key. 30 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

31 10 P2 GLP (Good laboratory practice) Quality assurance systems require printouts of weighing results as well as of correct adjustment of the balance stating date and time and balance identification. The easiest way is to have a printer connected. P2-01 USr/P2-02 PrJ Input of user/project (max 6 characters) The first digit is flashing Alter the value for the number/amount using the keys. Press the keys, to select the digit on the left/right (the relevant current digit flashes). Confirm by. You will be returned to the menu. The next menu item P2-02 PrJ for inputting the project will appear. Input is carried out as with user. Overview data input / data output: MLB_C-BA-e

32 The contents of the data output is set in menu options P2-03 to P2-08 (for setting, see P2-01 USr/P2-02 PrJ). All parameters set to YES will be issued. P2-03 Ptin YES Printout time P2-04 PdAt YES Printout date P2-05 PUSr YES User print-out (input via P2-01 USr) P2-06 PPrJ YES Project print-out (input via P2-02 PrJ) P2-07 PId YES Scales serial number print-out P2-08 PFr YES Frame print-out (see following example) P2.8 PFrn: YES P2.8 PFrn: no Date : Date : Time : Time : UserID Sample UserID Sample Balance ID : Balance ID : g g Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. 32 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

33 11 P3 Setting date/time P3-01 tinne setting time The variable for the amount is changed using the keys. Press the keys, to select the digit on the left/right (the relevant current digit flashes). Confirm by. P3-02-dAtE setting date The variable for the amount is changed using the keys. Press the keys, to select the digit on the left/right (the relevant current digit flashes). Confirm by. Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. MLB_C-BA-e

34 12 P4 Basic settings P4-01-AuE filter settings Press repeatedly. AuE = StAnd AuE =Slouu AuE =Fast Standard, normal environmental conditions Low sensitivity but slow, not a calm location (e.g. vibration) High sensitivity but fast, very calm location 34 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

35 P4-01-AuE Autozero This function is used to tare small variations in weight automatically. In the event that small quantities are removed or added to the material to be weighed, incorrect weighing results can be displayed due to the stability compensation. (e.g. slow flow of liquids from a container placed on the balance, evaporating processes). With small weight variations it is thus preferable to switch this function off. Auto = On - Function activated Auto = OFF - Function deactivated Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. MLB_C-BA-e

36 13 P5 RS 232 interface P5-01-bAud Baud rate setting P5-02-PStb output of stable/unstable scales reading YES NO Output for stable weighing value only. Output even for unstable weighing value. 36 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

37 P5-03-LinE_t output interval setting Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. P5-04-Prn_Pc data output format during measurement MLB_C-BA-e

38 Setting YES Only the measurement reading will be produced. Setting No Complete record print out with header and footer Printout examples KERN YKB-01N Return to weighing mode: Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key or reject it by pressing the ESCkey. 38 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

39 14 P6 Other useful functions P6-01-Libr activate/deactivate program library for drying programs YES Function activated NO Function deactivated P6-02-bl display backlight ON OFF AUT bl = ON Background illumination on bl = OFF Background illumination on bl = Aut Background illumination automatically switched off 10 seconds after achieving stable weighing value. MLB_C-BA-e

40 P6-03 display brightness 100 Maximum brightness 20 Minimum brightness 20 No brightness P6-04-bEEP Switch on/off keypad tones YES NO Keypad tones on Keypad tones off 40 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

41 P6-05-PrnS output of set weighing parameters via RS 232 interface PRnS MLB_C-BA-e

42 15 Operator menu moisture analysis To carry out user-defined drying processes, the device has space for up to 20 different, operator-defined drying programs. Simply invoke and start the finished programs from the library (See chap. 15.2). How to set drying parameters without using the program library is describes in the chapter below Moisture analysis without using the program library Disabling the program library: The program library function P6-01 Libr must be deactivated in the user menu to enable free input of drying parameters see chap. 14, P6-01-Libr. Setting drying parameters You can enter parameters for each drying process in the menu, as follows: Shutoff criterion Heating profile (temperature, time) Result display 42 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

43 Shutoff criterion Selection of criteria with which drying will be completed is made here Call-up user menu The pictogram for the shut-down criteria drying parameter with its current setting is flashing. Parameter selection, see Tab. 1 Tab. 1: Shut-down criteria parameter selection 1-5 Shutoff criterion mg per time Drying is shut off automatically when the weight loss for the set time is smaller than the number of set digits (1 digit = 1mg) 1 Automatic shut-down when change in weight value < 1mg within 10 s. 2 Automatic shut-down when change in weight value < 1mg within 25 s. 3 Automatic shut-down when change in weight value < 1mg within 60 s. 4 Automatic shut-down when change in weight value < 1mg within 90 s. 5 Automatic shut-down when change in weight value < 1mg within 120 s. Manual Drying is manually switched off by pressing. Temporal Drying is shut off when set time has passed, adjustable from 1min 9h 59 min Press 2x to store parameter selection. MLB_C-BA-e

44 Time setting for timed shut-down criteria selection : The variable for the amount is changed using the keys. Press the keys, to select the digit on the left/right (the relevant current digit flashes). Press 3x 44 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

45 Heating profiles Selection of suitable heating program is made here, as is input of drying temperature and hearing time. Heating program selection, see Tab. 2 Drying temperature input Press 3x MLB_C-BA-e

46 Tab. 2: Heating profile parameter selection Standard drying Standard drying is the most-used heating profile. This heating profile is suitable for the majority of substances. Drying temperature tmp adjustable from 40 C-160 C. Quick drying This heating profile is usable for samples with a moisture content of approx. 5% - 15%. The temperature will exceed the set drying temperature by 30% within 180 s. After that the temperature will be adjusted down to the set value. Drying temperature tmp adjustable from 40 C-160 C. Gentle drying This heating profile is suitable for substances which do not tolerate quick heating by the spotlights. There are also substances which develop a skin during quick heating. This skin will then affect the evaporation of the trapped moisture. For such substances, the soft mode of warming is equally suitable. The adjustable parameters include the heating time t1 in which the drying temperature tmp is reached. 46 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

47 Phased drying Phased drying can be used for substances which display special behaviour when heated. The individual steps are freely selectable regards duration and temperature rising step. The adjustable parameters include drying temperature tmp, heating steps tmp1 and tmp2, and warming up times t1 and t2 between the individual steps. MLB_C-BA-e

48 48 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

49 Result display Here is where the unit of the measurement results is defined. Parameter selection, see Tab. 3 Press 2 x MLB_C-BA-e

50 Tab. 3: Parameter selection Display after drying % M: Moisture content Display shows the moisture content of the sample as a percentage of the wet weight (W = wet weight = starting weight = 100%) before drying after drying M [0-100%] Wet weight W dry weight D Wet weight W x 100% % D: Dry material content Display shows dry material content of sample as a percentage of the wet weight (W = wet weight = starting weight = 100%) before drying after drying D [100 0%] Dry weight D Wet weight W x 100% % R: ATRO moisture content Display shows moisture content of the sample as a percentage of the dry weight (D = dry weight = final weight =100%) before drying after drying ATRO [0-999%] Wet weight W dry weight D Dry weight D x 100% g: Residual weight in grams Display shows the weight of the sample in grams. after drying 50 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

51 How to implement drying After setting the desired drying parameter for the sample to be tested, you can now start the drying process. Place removal aid with empty sample dish on the sample dish retainer. Make sure that the sample dish is resting flat on the sample dish retainer. Use the sample retainer at all times as it allows safe working and prevents burns. The device is ready for weighing the sample Place sample in sample dish. Close lid; the device is ready for measuring. Drying will start automatically after scales have settled. Drying parameters are shown on the display. MLB_C-BA-e

52 The display can be switched to the various units for measurement results using. When drying is finished, you will hear an acoustic signal and the heating will be shut off. The display shows the measured result in the set unit. Open lid and remove the sample with the help of the removal aid. Caution: Caution! Sample dish and all parts of the sample chamber are hot! When an optional printer is connected, data output is carried out automatically via the RS 232 interface. 52 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

53 Example of printed output: Drying start Date : 2008/06/16 Current date Time : 10:15:03 Current time Balance Id : Serial no. Program nb. : 1 Set drying program, see chap Profiles : Standard Dry temp. : 122 C Switch off : Automatic 3 Result : Grams Start weight : g Start weight Set drying parameters, see chap :02: g 0:04: g 0:06: g 0:08: g Output interval, setting see chap. 13 P5-03-LinE_t Final weight : g Residual weight Total time : 0:08:15 Drying time Final result : g End result in the set unit of measurement, see chap MLB_C-BA-e

54 The drying process can be aborted by pressing START/STOP followed by PRINT. When shut-down criteria setting = manual End drying process by pressing START/STOP. 54 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

55 15.2 Moisture analysis using the program library The device has a memory for drying programs! 20 drying programs can be allocated to this memory (library). Simply invoke and start the finished programss from the library. Activate program library P6-01-Libr Press the ESC-key repeatedly until the query SAVE? appears. Confirm query by pressing the PRINT-key Setting drying parameters The current drying program no. will appear. The pictogram for the shut-down criteria drying parameter with its current setting is flashing. Set all parameters for shut-down criteria, heating profile and display after drying for this drying program, see ch MLB_C-BA-e

56 Select drying parameters and carry out drying When program library is activated, select desired drying program as follows. The current drying program no. will appear. Select desired drying program no. After setting the desired drying program for the sample to be tested, you can now start the drying process. Procedure see chapter MLB_C-BA-e-1431

57 16 General information concerning moisture analysis 16.1 Application In all cases where moisture is added to or removed from products, a fast determination of the moisture content is of enormous importance. For countless products the moisture content is not only a quality feature but also an important cost factor. Very often fixed limits for moisture content apply to the trade in industrial or agricultural goods as well as chemical or food products which are defined by terms of delivery and general standards Basics Moisture does not only mean water but includes all substances that evaporate when heated up. In addition to water this includes, - Fats - Oils - Alcohol - solvent - etc... There are various methods to analyse moisture in a product. KERN MLB uses a method called thermogravimetrics. In accord with this method, the sample is weighed before and after heating, determining the material moisture by looking at the difference. The conventional drying chamber method follows the same principle, with the exception that this method requires a considerably longer measuring period.. In accord with the drying chamber method, the sample is heated from the outside to the inside by a hot air current, so as to remove the moisture. The radiation applied in the KERN MLB penetrates mainly the sample in order to be transformed inside it into heat energy that is, warming from the inside to the outside. A minor amount of radiation is reflected by the sample, a reflection that is less in dark samples than in light-coloured ones. The depth of penetration of the radiation depends on the permeability of the sample. In samples of low permeability the radiation only penetrates the outer layers of the sample, possibly resulting in imperfect drying, incrustation or burning. For that reason the preparation of a sample is of great importance Adjustment to existing measuring method Quite frequently the KERN MLB replaces a different drying method (such as a drying chamber) as the KERN MLB achieves shorter measuring times during a simplified operation. For that reason the conventional measuring method must be matched to the KERN MLB in order to achieve comparable results. Carry out parallel measurement Lower temperature setting for KERN MLB than drying chamber method Result of KERN MLB does not match reference - Repeat measurement with changed temperature setting - Vary shutoff criterion MLB_C-BA-e

58 16.4 Preparing a sample Prepare one sample at a time for measuring. This prevents the sample from exchanging moisture with its surroundings. If several samples have to be taken at the same time, they should be packed in airtight boxes so that they do not undergo changes during storage. To receive reproducible results, spread the sample thinly and evenly on a sample dish. Patchy spreads will produce inhomogeneous heat distribution in the sample to be dried resulting in incomplete drying and increased measuring time. Sample clusters generate increased heating of the upper layers resulting in combustion or incrustation. The high layer thickness or possibly arising incrustation makes it impossible for the moisture to escape from the sample. Due to this residual moisture, measured results calculated in this way will not be comprehensible or reproducible. Preparing a sample from bulk material: correct incorrect No special sample preparations are necessary for bulk materials. Spread powdery or grainy samples evenly on the sample dish. Coarse sample may need crushing (grind, crush using a mortar). Preparing a sample from liquids: This, too, does not require any special sample preparation. Spread glutinous or sticky samples thinly. It is advisable to use glass fibre filters. Weight loss caused by splashes can be prevented by covering the sample with a glass fibre filter. If using glass fibre filters, their weight has to be deducted from the gross weight. Preparing a sample from solids: In this case special preparation of the sample is advisable, as drying, in particular the drying time, depends on the surface as well as the thickness of the sample. 58 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

59 16.5 Sample material Easy to determine are usually samples with the following characteristics: - Grainy to powdery, pourable solids - Thermally stable materials, emitting the moisture to be determined easily without other substances evaporating at the same time - Liquids that vaporize to leave a dry substance without developing a film Difficult to determine may be samples that are: - Glutinous or sticky - Become incrusted easily or tend to form a film - Decompose easily under the influence of heat or emit various elements 16.6 Sample size / originally weighted in quantity Drying times, as well as achievable accuracy, are significantly influenced by sample distribution. In the course of this arise two opposed requirements: The lighter the originally weighted in quantity, the easier it is to achieve shorter drying times. However, the heavier the originally weighted in quantity, the more accurate a result will be achieved. (example of a sample with ideal characteristics): Poured quantity Reproducibility 0.5g ±0.6% 1g ±0.3% 2g ±0.15% 5g ±0.06% 10g ±0.03% MLB_C-BA-e

60 16.7 Drying temperature Bear in mind the following factors when setting the drying temperature: Surface of the sample: Compared with powdery or grainy samples, liquid and spreadable samples have a smaller surface for the transmission of heat energy. The use of a glass fibre filter improves the heat application. Colour of sample: Light-coloured samples reflect more heat radiation than dark ones and therefore require a higher drying temperature. Availability of volatile substances: The better and faster the water or other volatile substances can be disposed, the lower a drying temperature is required. If water is difficult to get to (e. g. in synthetics), it has to be calcined at high temperatures (the higher the temperature, the higher the water vapour pressure). Results equivalent to other moisture analysing methods (e. g. drying chamber) can be achieved by experimentally optimising the setting parameters such as temperature, heating level and shutoff criteria. 60 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

61 16.8 Recommendations / Guidelines Prepare standard sample: - Crush sample, as required, and spread it evenly in the aluminium dish. Prepare special samples: - For sensitive or hard to spread test materials (e. g. mercury) a glass fibre filter is available for use. - Spread sample evenly on glass fibre filter and cover is with a second glass fibre filter. - The glass fibre filter is also useful as a protection when splashing materials are dealt with (each splash falsifies the final result). MATERIAL Specimen weight (g) Drying temperature (º C) Data query interval (s) % moisture % solid Drying time (min) Dried piece of apple Moist apple Butter Mustard Ground coffee Cornflakes Yoghurt Cocoa powder Margarine Milk powder Red wine Sunflower oil Sugar Milk Flour Cement Paper You will find further examples taken from actual use in our application manual, available from the KERN home page ( MLB_C-BA-e

62 17 Data output Pin allocation of the balance output plug (front view): 5 1 Pin 2: Pin 3: Pin 5: Receive data Transmit data Signal ground 9 6 Interface cable: Balance - printer 3 (TxD) 1 (RxD) 5 (GND) 3 (GND) 7-8 jumpered Balance PC 9-pole 2 (RxD) 3 (TxD) 3 (TxD) 2 (RxD) 5 (GND) 5 (GND) 4-6 jumpered 4-6 jumpered 7-8 jumpered 7-8 jumpered Balance PC 25-pole 2 (RxD) 2 (TxD) 3 (TxD) 3 (RxD) 5 (GND) 7 (GND) 7-8 jumpered 4 5 jumpered 6-20 jumpered 62 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

63 17.1 Remote control instructions Commands Function R CR LF PC CR LF S CR LF SI CR LF SU CR LF SU CR LF Z CR LF ZI CR LF T CR LF TI CR LF C0 CR LF C1 CR LF NB CR LF FS CR LF RV CR LF PD CR LF PD CR LF PMCR LF PS CR LF B CR LF A0 CR LF A1 CR LF Reset to manufacturer setting - reset Command to call up the values of the balance Transfer of stable weighing values in standard weighing unit Transfer of instable weighing values in standard weighing unit Last stable measuring value Current measuring value Zeroing stable value Zeroing instable value Taring stable value Taring instable value Cancel continuous data output Start continuous data output Serial no. of balance Weighing range max. Software issue Date display Time display Operation mode Balance parameters are printed out Tone Auto zero off Auto zero on MLB_C-BA-e

64 18 Servicing, maintenance, disposal Before any maintenance, cleaning and repair work disconnect the appliance from the operating voltage Cleaning + Only carry out cleaning tasks when the equipment has cooled down. Sample dish Dish retainer Removal aid Windshield Draft protection base plate Please do not use aggressive cleaning agents (solvents or similar agents), but a cloth dampened with mild soap suds. Ensure that no liquid penetrates into the device. Polish with a dry soft cloth. Loose residue sample/powder can be removed carefully with a brush or manual vacuum cleaner. 64 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

65 Clean temperature sensor Temperature sensor Clean the same way, as described above. Ensure the emitter is not touched or damaged in any way. MLB_C-BA-e

66 18.2 Change fuse + Disconnect equipment from power supply. + Swap fuse as shown in illustration Servicing, maintenance The appliance may only be opened by trained service technicians who are authorized by KERN. Ensure that the balance is regularly calibrated, see chap. Monitoring of test resources Disposal Disposal of packaging and appliance must be carried out by operator according to valid national or regional law of the location where the appliance is used. 66 MLB_C-BA-e-1431

67 19 Instant help Fault Possible cause Display is not lit up. The display unit is not switched on The mains supply connection has been interrupted (mains cable not plugged in/faulty) Power supply interrupted Fuse has blown The display does not change when a sample is being loaded Sample dish / dish holder is fitted incorrectly. The weight display changes constantly / the stability display does not appear. Incorrect measuring result Measurement is taking too long Measurement is not reproducible Drying does not start Sample dish has contact with wind protection device or heated cover Draught/air movement Table/floor vibrations Electromagnetic fields / static charging (choose different location/switch off interfering device if possible) Check adjustment No resetting to zero before loading the sample Incorrect shut-down criteria set Sample is not homogenous Drying time is too short Drying temperature too high (e.g. oxidation sample material, boiling point of sample exceeded) Temperature sensor soiled or defective Heated cover open The mains supply connection has been interrupted (mains cable not plugged in/faulty) MLB_C-BA-e

68 20 Declaration of Conformity EG-Konformitätserklärung EC- Déclaration de conformité EC-Dichiarazione di conformità EC- Declaração de conformidade EC-Deklaracja zgodności D Konformitätserklärung GB Declaration of conformity CZ Prohlášení o shode E Declaración de conformidad F Déclaration de conformité I Dichiarazione di conformitá NL Conformiteitverklaring P Declaração de conformidade PL Deklaracja zgodności RUS Заявление о соответствии KERN & Sohn GmbH D Balingen-Frommern Postfach info@kern-sohn.de Declaration of Conformity Tel: 0049-[0] Fax: 0049-[0] Internet: EC-Declaration of Conformity EC-Declaración de Conformidad EC-Conformiteitverklaring EC- Prohlášení o shode EC-Заявление о соответствии Wir erklären hiermit, dass das Produkt, auf das sich diese Erklärung bezieht, mit den nachstehenden Normen übereinstimmt. We hereby declare that the product to which this declaration refers conforms with the following standards. Tímto prohlašujeme, že výrobek, kterého se toto prohlášení týká, je v souladu s níže uvedenými normami. Manifestamos en la presente que el producto al que se refiere esta declaración está de acuerdo con las normas siguientes Nous déclarons avec cela responsabilité que le produit, auquel se rapporte la présente déclaration, est conforme aux normes citées ci-après. Dichiariamo con ciò che il prodotto al quale la presente dichiarazione si riferisce è conforme alle norme di seguito citate. Wij verklaren hiermede dat het product, waarop deze verklaring betrekking heeft, met de hierna vermelde normen overeenstemt. Declaramos por meio da presente que o produto no qual se refere esta declaração, corresponde às normas seguintes. Niniejszym oświadczamy, że produkt, którego niniejsze oświadczenie dotyczy, jest zgodny z poniższymi normami. Мы заявляем, что продукт, к которому относится данная декларация, соответствует перечисленным ниже нормам. Electronic Balance: KERN MLB_C EU Directive Standards 2004/108/EC EN : /95/EC EN : 2010 EN : 2003 Datum Date Ort der Ausstellung Place of issue Signatur Signature Balingen Albert Sauter KERN & Sohn GmbH Geschäftsführer Managing director KERN & Sohn GmbH, Ziegelei 1, D Balingen, Tel. +49-[0]7433/ Fax +49-[0]7433/ , info@kern-sohn.com, Internet: 68 MLB_C-BA-e-1431