The Whole Ball of Wax.. Or water & energy conservation integrated into the sustainability-marketing picture.

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Randolf McDonald
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1 The Whole Ball of Wax.. Or water & energy conservation integrated into the sustainability-marketing picture. H.W. (Bill) Hoffman Water Conservation Program City of Austin, Texas

2 Some Texas Statistics Texas is a net importer of energy! quad used vs 9-10 quad produced 25% of all energy goes to evaporating water

3 Million Ac-Ft/Yr Projected Water Use in Texas Municipal Mining/Oil&Gas Livestock Manufacturing Thermo-electric Gen. Irrigation

5 Industrial Water Use in Texas Energy Related Water Use = 78% Other Uses - 22% Process, sanitation, landscape, etc. Electric Oil & Gas Direct Energy Production - 43% Energy Related Uses in Other Industries - 35% Cooling & Boiler Industrial use is 2.3 million acre-feet a year

8 Texas Energy Water Programs Ag. Irrigation Equipment Start with SECO $ for interest by-down Now direct state funding Unaccounted-for Water Start with SECO funding HB 3338 SECO Requirements Annual reporting for state funded entities Guidelines Performance contraction

9 Water-Efficient Commercial Equipment Financial and Business Incentives Legislation and Codes New Equipment Innovations

10 Legislative & Code Initiatives Commercial Clothes Washers Maryland, Connecticut, & California have standards. Texas & Washington have new Bills now. Would require a water factor of 9.5 gallons per cubic foot or less. Pre-Rinse Spray Valves Would set a limit of no more that 1.6 gal./min. at 60 psi. California, Washington, and Texas all have Bills

11 Tax Incentives Sales Tax Texas, Oregon, & Washington State Texas applies to reuse, rainwater harvesting and some limited conservation measures. Property Tax Texas provides limited relief See and click on commercial

12 Austin Joint Energy Water Efforts History of cooperation Joint rebates & educational efforts SB 5

13 A Multiple Resource Approach Energy Water Wastewater Solid Waste Air Quality Green Building Watershed Protection

14 Energy & Electric Costs for Hot Water $ per MCF or Cents/kWh Cents per Gallon Gas + Water Electric + Water

15 Financial and Business Incentives Rebates Free fixtures and equipment Free Services Tax Incentives Evaporative Credit Program

16 Commercial Equipment That Saves Water & Energy Laundry Equipment Eliminating Garbage Disposals X-Ray Film Development Sterilizers and Autoclaves Dry Vacuum Pumps

17 Rebates in Austin Unique joint energy and water rebates for: Commercial and residential clothes washers Dry Vacuum Pumps Scrap Baskets to replace garbage dispose-alls

18 Starting with Water/Energy The normal culprit 12,000 replaced 190,000 Gal./day 22 Billion BTU/Yr.

19 Coin-Operated Commercial Clothes Washers Water Savings of 25 gallons per load are common

20 Ozone System at a Hotel Laundry

21 An Example of Water Reuse at a Hotel Laundry.

22 Food Service Operations Refrigeration Ice machines Garbage grinders Pre-rinse spray nozzles Dishwashers

23 Food Service Operations Cont. Steam Tables Food steamers Clean-up Thawing food Steam kettles Steamers

24 Food Stores Fire Hydrants Schools Health Care Facility Colleges Retail/Wholesale Restaurant/Bar Service Estab. Hotel/Motel Other Irrigation/Sprinklers Office Building Industrial Commercial/Industrial Water Use in Austin, Texas Millions of Gallons per Day

25 WaterWise Restaurants Criteria to be WaterWise 1. Toilets all 1.6 gpf 2. No garbage dispose-all 3. No once-through cooling gpm pre-rinse spray valve 5. Implement irrigation audit recommendations

26 Restaurant Initiatives in Austin EarthSmart is a joint effort with Water conservation Water quality Austin Energy (electric) Solid waste

27 Food Service Equipment Examples

28 Air cooled ice machine Water cooled ice machine (no louvers)

29 Comparison of Water Use for Ice Making Commercial Units Air Cooled Once Through Gallons per 100 Pounds of Ice Made

30 Inputs See ARI Directory for input numbers by model Hundreds of pounds made per day kwh per 100 pounds of ice air cooled kwh per 100 pounds of ice air cooled remote head kwh per 100 pounds of ice water cooled Gal. Per 100# for cooling Gal. Per 100# of ice - air cooled unit Gal. Per 100# of ice - air cooled unit remote head Gal. Per 100# of ice- water cooled unit Cost of Electricity (cents/kwh) $ per 1000 gal for water $ per 1000 gal for wastewater Air Conditioner efficiency Water/WW electric energy use/1000 gal Number of days used per year Expected lifetime of ice machine (years) Select ice machines made by the same company capable of making this amount per day

31 LIFETIME OPERATING COST OF ICE MACHINES (water and energy) Equals days of operation a year X cost per day X life of machine Lifetime of ice machine in years AIR COOLED IN AIR CONDITIONED SPACE AIR COOLED IN UN AIR- CONDITIONED SPACE AIR COOLED REMOTE HEAD WATER COOLED 7 $18, $14, $15, $35,029.87

32 Once through cooling from refrigeration unit = 30,000 gallons a day!

33 Replacing Garbage Disposals with Strainer Systems Water Use Grinders from 2 to 12 gpm Scrap baskets 0.0 gpm Horse Power Grinders from 1 to 10 hp Scrap baskets 0.0 hp

34 Example 10 HP 12 Gallons per minute or 720 gallons per hour

35 Scrap Basket System Note that the strainer catches food waste that used to go to the grease trap and sewer. This system uses no water or energy while it was common for a grinder to have a 5 hp motor and use 6 gpm.

36 Before and After Dispose-all and old spray valve New setup and spray valve Note garbage in garbage can And not in the water. What a novel idea!

37 Garbage Disposal Rebate = $50/hp up to $250 for water $40/hp for electricity Not to exceed a total of $300

38 Door-type machine

39 90% less water Big energy savings No water hookup No sewer hookup No vent

40 Spray Systems Waste Water

41 Evaporative Credit Program

42 Annual Water Use Waller Creek Center Irrigation 11% Cooling 49% Indoor 40%

43 Gallons per Ton-Hr Cooling Tower Water Use Once Through vs. Cooling Tower Once Through = 160 gal. 1.1 Cycles = 15.8 gal Cycles = 7.2 gal. 3.0 Cycles = 2.16 gal Cycles of Concentration

44 Gallons per Ton-hr Cooling Tower Water Use Gallons per Ton-Hour Cycles of Concentration 2.0 kwh/ton-hr. 1.5 kwh/ton-hr. 1.0 kwh/ton-hr. 0.5 kwh/ton-hr. Process

45 Impact of Air Conditioning Efficiency on Water Use in Cooling Towers Assumes Five Cycles of Concentration 3 Gallons/Ton-hour Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER)

46 Alternate Sources Storm/rain water Local groundwater Air conditioner condensate Reclaimed Water Other sources??

47 X-Ray Film Developers Old machines dump 0.5 to 1.0 gpm for cooling Recirculating systems save huge volumes, but The new wave is to digital technology that eliminates all water use

48 Sterilizers and Autoclaves Retrofit Kits can reduce steam trap discharge cooling water needs by 90% Savings with retrofit kits are in the range of 600 gallons to 900 gallons per sterilizer per day

49 Large Hospital Steam Sterilizer

50 Vacuum Pump Rebate = $500 up to 2.5 hp and then $1 per gal. day saved for water $168 per hp reduction for energy

51 Old Liquid Ring and New Dry Vacuum Pump at Dental Office

52 And then the Air Water energy relationships 5% of all electricity used (60% by city gov.) for water and wastewater Energy production & Pollution.

53 Air pollution for Power use for Water and Wastewater Treatment Based on Austin Mix of Generation Pollutant SO 2 NOx Particulates CO CO 2 Grams/kWh* Grams/1000 Gal ,277.3

54 Air Pollution Reduction Through Water Conservation Measures Water Other * Total Grams per Year Savings per Water Energy Energy Energy Measure Savings Savings Savings Savings SO 2 NOx Particulat CO Gal./Day Gal./Year kwh/yr. kwh/yr. kwh/yr g/kwh 1.22 g/kw 0.13 g/kwh 0.16 g/kwh Residential Programs Free Toilets Toilet Rebates Clotheswasher Rebates Irrigation Rebates WaterWise Rebates Aerators Showerheads Picked Up Irrigation Audits Rainwater Rebates Rain Barrel Rebates Indoor Audits Hose Timers Rain Shutoffs Multi-Family Programs Free Toilets Toilet Rebates Clotheswasher Rebates Commercial Programs Toilet Rebates Free Toilets Irrigation Audits Indoor Audits Clothes Washers Dental Vacuum Pumps Pre-rinse spray valve Remove Garbage Grinder * Additional energy savings due to reduced hot water, decreased dryer energy use and increased motor efficiency assuming heating of water done with electricity. Grams of Pollutant Generated Based on Austin Power Generation Mix Pollutant SO 2 NOx Particulates CO CO 2 Grams/kWh* Grams/1000 Gal.* ,277

55 Non- Industrial Per Capita Water Use in Austin TWDB data to 2000 and City data to Year Gallons per Person per Day

56 Conservation Savings Since 1984 (Excludes wholesale and industrial sales) MGD MGD at Actual GPCD MGD if at early 1980's GPCD

57 Electric Energy Use by City Department for Austin Aviation 8% Austin Water 60% Austin Energy 14% All Other 18%

58 Cumulative Savings MGD Year GWH/Yr

59 CO 2 Emmissions With & Without Water Conservation Water Processing Related CO2 Emissions for all City of Austin Water C CO2 Emissions Assuming 1984 Per Capita Water Consumption

REGULATIONS GOVERNING WATER SERVICE TO CUSTOMERS OF THE EAST BAY MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT SECTION 31 WATER EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS

REGULATIONS GOVERNING WATER SERVICE TO CUSTOMERS OF THE EAST BAY MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT SECTION 31 WATER EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS PAGE NUMBER 31-A These regulations identify the types of water efficiency requirements for water service and the procedure for notification to Applicants that water efficiency measures are required. The