Henderson Experimental Gardens. October 15, 2015

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Nathan Woods
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1 Henderson Experimental Gardens October 15, 2015

2 How do you guarantee that it will rain? 1. Travel to Hawaii for vacation 2. Host an outdoor picnic with family and friends 3. Wash your car 4. Wash and wax your car 5. Be a presenter at the Resilient Landscaping Workshop

3 What is currently happening in response to the drought? How many have you heard of turf rebate (aka cash for grass ) programs? Who are promoting turf replacement programs? Why are they doing this?

7 California Snowpack Photos

9 The Metropolitan Water District of California

10 SoCal Water$mart: Cash for Grass 1. On May 26 th, MWD Cash for Grass = $340M funding 2. LADWP Residential turf removal customers A. $1.75 per square foot, up to a maximum of 1,500 square feet per property 3. LADWP Commercial turf removal customers A. $1.00 per sq. ft. = 10,000 sq. ft. B. > 10,000 sq. ft. = $0.50 per sq. ft. 4. LADWP has converted 23.5M sq. ft. since 2009

11 Photos courtesy of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power

12 Landscape Water Conservation Components Irrigation Mulching Composting Fertilization Plant selection and design

13 What is the opportunity in times of adversity? What is replacing the turf in these landscapes? WATER CONSERVING PLANTS Landscape water conservation strategy Improve irrigation efficiency Match water supply to plant needs (maintain landscape health and appearance) Where do I find a list of low water ornamental plants for my city? How can I create my own local plant list?

14 Water Conservation Strategy = hydrozone Low water use plants Medium water use plants Tree Turf = high water use

15 Simplified Water Budget Equation for MWELO Maximum Applied Water Allowance (MAWA) = (ETo) (0.7) (LA) (0.62) ETo = Reference Evapotranspiration (inches per year) 0.7 = ET Adjustment Factor LA = Landscaped Area (square feet) 0.62 = Conversion factor (to gallons) Maximum Applied Water Allowance = gallons/year Landscape Water Requirement (LWR) = ((Eto x PF) Re) x (LA) x (0.62) / IE ETo = Reference ET data (inches) PF = Plant Factor Re = Effective rainfall (inches) LA = Landscaped Area (square feet) 0.62 = Conversion factor (to gallons) IE = Irrigation Efficiency (dependent on irrigation equipment) Landscape Water Requirement = gallons/year To be in compliance with MWELO, LWR must be less than MAWA. If not, adjustments to the landscape design or irrigation scheduling is required.

16 WUCOLS IV

17 WUCOLS IV Key Points 1. A guide to plant water needs and is not a method for estimating landscape water needs. 2. Plant water use assignments were made by consensus agreement of leading horticultural professionals representing 6 different climatic regions in California. 3. If a committee did not know a plant, it was not evaluated. If the plant was not appropriate for a region, it was so noted. 4. Reviewed and updated to 3,546 taxa. Less than 5% of species have been evaluated through field research and have been included

18 WUCOLS IV Key Points (cont.) 5. The plant factor for MWELO water budget calculation shall be from WUCOLS. 6. Based on Qualitative Research - Consists of in-depth interviews using focus group discussions that deal with subjective assessment of attitudes, opinions, and behavior. No statistics are generated, and it involves impressions rather than numbers. 7. Qualitative Research using horticultural experience & wisdom serves as a bridge to meet a critical need by the industry until Quantitative Research is conducted

19 Quantitative Research - Water Use Field Study Projections Assumptions 3,546 plant taxa listed (WUCOLS) minus 170 plant taxa (north and south) = 3,376 plant taxa requiring research For N. Calif. study, current research capacity = 30 species researched per 2 years on 1 acre Therefore, it would take acres and 2 years to complete the balance of the WUCOLS plant list (N. Calif. only) Or, it would take 225 years to complete WUCOLS list at 30 plants every 2 years

20 CCUH Role in the WUCOLS Update Process Gain DWR & horticultural industry support Hire former WUCOLS authors as consultants, Larry Costello and Katherine Jones Six regional meeting process began late 2012 and ended one year later WUCOLS IV plant database live in 2014

21 Qualitative Research Process Focus Groups Are a data collection method Data collected through a semi-structured group interview process Moderated by a group leader Used to collect data on a specific topic

22 WUCOLS IV Regions North Central Members Barrie Coate Nelda Matheny Don Mahoney Dick Turner Nevin Smith Lori Palmquist James MacNair Affiliation Coate and Associates HortScience Strybing Arboretum Pacific Horticulture Suncrest Nursery Irrigation and Design Consultation MacNair & Assoc. Central Valley Members Lance Walheim Ellen Zagory Karrie Reid Cheryl Buckwalter Taylor Lewis Missy Gable Affiliation L. Walheim Assoc. UCD Arboretum UCCE Landscape Liasons Cornflower Farms CCUH South Inland Members Bob Perry Bart O'Brien Ken Kammeyer Pam Pavela Ron Kammeyer Marilee Kuhlman Dave Giddens Affiliation B. Perry Assoc. Rancho Santa Ana BG KK Associates Western Municipal Water District KK Associates Comfort Zones Garden Design Giddens Irrig. Design

23 WUCOLS IV Regions South Coastal Members Randy Baldwin Carol Bornstein Kathy Musial Don Hodel Mike Evans Kathy Copley Affiliation San Marcos Growers LA Nat'l History Museum Huntington BG UC Cooperative Ext. Tree of Life Nursery Lightfoot Planning Planning Group South Coastal (San Diego) Members Affiliation Paul Redeker Cuyamaca College Megan Allison Mira Costa College Nan Sterman Garden Writer Dave Ehrlinger San Diego BG Jim Bishop SD Hort Soc. David Reed ASLA High/Low Desert Members Affiliation Spencer Knight Palm Desert Diane Hollinger Palm Desert Randy Meyers RG Meyers & Nurseries Ray Lopez Ray Lopez and Associates Jeff Place College of the Desert Hudson Hale Horttech Landscape Construction Bob Perry B. Perry Associates

Selection Criteria Professional diversity (disciplines including nursery professionals, landscape contractors, landscape architects, botanical garden/arboreta staff members, consultants,

24 Selection Criteria Professional diversity (disciplines including nursery professionals, landscape contractors, landscape architects, botanical garden/arboreta staff members, consultants, and academics) Must have is that we select only the very best "plants people" --- this is crucial to the success of this work Availability to meet in person (flexible) Team size = 6 9 reviewers

25 Additions TYPE Botanical Name Common Name X B Albuca juncifolia rush leaved albuca X B Albuca nelsonii natal albuca X B Albuca shawii B Alstroemeria spp. Peruvian lily M M M M? M X B Amarcrinum memoria-corsii crinodonna X B Amarygia hybrids amarygia B Amaryllis belladona naked lady VL VL VL L L L X B Anemone coronaria poppy-flowered anemone B Arthropodium cirrhatum star lily M? M? / / X B Babiana spp. B Babiana stricta hybrids baboon flower L L L? / / X B Baeometra uniflora beetle lily X B Bloomeraia crocea golden stars X B Boophone disticha oxbane Bravoa geminiflora (See B Polyanthes geminiflora) B Bulbinella robusta bulbinella L?? L?? X B Calochortus spp. Mariposa lily B Calostemma purpureum garland lily M????? X B Camassia cusickii Cusick's Quamash X B Camassia quamash camas B Canna spp. canna M M M H M M X B Chlorogalum pomeridianum soap plant X B Clintonia andrewiana red clintonia WUCOLS IV Sample Work Sheet B Colchicum agrippium autumn crocus VL VL M M M M B Crinum spp. crinum lily, spider lily M M M M M? VL WUCOLS list divided into plant categories: Bamboo Bulb Grass Groundcover Perennial Palm and Cycad Shrub Succulent Tree Vine California native

26 Searchable Database Requirements 1. WUCOLS IV designated website ( 2. Print entire plant list (all regions) 3. Search by region by selected city 4. Search: a. Botanical name b. Common name c. Plant Type d. Water Use 5. Create your own list 6. Save to an Excel file

37 Example of low water use plant list for Fresno

38 Searchable Database Requirements 1. WUCOLS IV designated website ( 2. Print entire plant list (all regions) 3. Search by region by selected city 4. Search: a. Botanical name b. Common name c. Plant Type d. Water Use 5. Create your own list of low water use plants for Fresno 6. Save to an Excel file

WUCOLS IV Sponsors Regional Water Authority (Northern California) American Society of Landscape Architects (CCASLA) Association of Professional Landscape Designers (APLD) American Society of

42 WUCOLS IV Sponsors Regional Water Authority (Northern California) American Society of Landscape Architects (CCASLA) Association of Professional Landscape Designers (APLD) American Society of Irrigation Consultants (ASIC; north and south) Cagwin & Dorward (N. Calif. landscape construction & maintenance) California Association of Nurseries and Garden Centers (CANGC) California Landscape Contractors Association (CLCA State) California Landscape Contractors Association (San Diego Chapter) San Diego County Water Authority Water Forum Glenn Schmidt Landscaping, Inc. Department of Water Resources, Water Use Efficiency

43 Dave Fujino, Ph.D. Executive Director California Center for Urban Horticulture UC Davis (530)

WaterSmart Worshops:

WaterSmart Worshops: Strategies for Water-Efficient Landscapes San Diego Gas & Electric Innovation Center San Diego May 13 th & 14 th, 2015 California Snowpack Photos What is currently happening in