GREEN ROOFS BIODIVERSE, EXTENSIVE AND INTENSIVE SYSTEMS

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1 GREEN ROOFS BIODIVERSE, EXTENSIVE AND INTENSIVE SYSTEMS

2 OUR COMPANY Who We Are Bauder is one of Europe s leading manufacturers of flat roof waterproofing membranes and insulation products that has been owner-operated for over 150 years across 13 countries. We have an enviable reputation and track record for delivering the highest quality materials and service through supplying and project managing the installation of premier flat roof systems. Our comprehensive portfolio of flat roof waterproofing systems, green roofs and photovoltaic energy delivers an extensive range of solutions to meet individual project needs without compromise. What We Do Bauder is fully committed to providing a complete service with an unrivalled level of support on all roofing projects, whether it s for a new build project or the refurbishment of an existing building. Technical Expertise Our large team of regionally based technical managers and site technicians will be on hand throughout the process, from specification design through to inspection of the installation and project completion to ensure a defect free finish. Our technical department is the envy of the industry, providing a comprehensive and superior service with bespoke specifications individual to each project. Our support services ensure that products and materials all arrive on site when required providing an efficiency that all our clients demand. Assured Quality To ensure a consistent and proficient service, Bauder approved contractors are the only people fully trained and certified to install our products. We only approve contracting companies that possess the technical expertise and the organisational capacity to maintain an efficient and well-run site. Manufacturing the highest quality roofing materials is one thing, but here at Bauder it is our total commitment and passion to work closely together with our clients to successfully deliver every product to the highest possible standard, that sets us above the rest. Andrew Mackenzie Managing Director Bauder Ltd We have always operated a policy where we train and approve the individual installer and not just the company they work for. By taking installers with proven experience and demonstrating the techniques particular to our system, we can ensure the quality of workmanship that meets our clients expectations. Every operative receives an identity badge providing proof of competence, which is available for inspection at all times. Guaranteed Satisfaction Bauder is noted throughout the industry for the range of guarantees we offer that can cover design, products and installation. We unreservedly issue our guarantees on all projects because we monitor quality every step of the way from manufacture to finished installation. 2 bauder.ie

3 GREEN ROOF SYSTEMS Committed to utilising the very latest manufacturing technology, Bauder invests in a programme of continuous research and development to ensure every product and installation is ahead of industry standards, and that the needs of the environment are always kept in focus. 3 bauder.co.uk

4 GREEN ROOF SYSTEMS Each green roof brings back a piece of nature and on some buildings a recreational space can be created for people to access and enjoy. A Bauder green roof combines the finished planting scheme and all its supportive components with a high quality and secure waterproofing system to give you the best results every time. Biodiversity Roofs A biodiversity roof provides a natural living habitat to encourage a wider spread of birds, insects and plant species into the area and generally seeks to replicate the ecological environment of the site upon which construction development is taking place. Specifing a Green Roof When constructing a green roof there are some fundemental considerations that determine the system required to support the planting scheme. The primary decision is whether the roof is to be a publicly accessed roof garden, recreational space, podium, or terrace; or whether you are creating a low maintenance simply vegetated or biodiverse roof. Key Considerations n What purpose is the green roof to serve? n What is the visual requirement? n What level of access will be required? n What load will the structure support? n How is the green roof system to drain? n What is the budget for the installation? n What is the budget for maintenance? Once the answers to the above have been decided upon it is a relatively simple process to consider the range of suitable options and determine which is best suited to the project requirement. Your local technical manager is best placed to advise you on the implications your green roof will have on the building and its construction as well as the ongoing maintenance of the vegetation and roof. Extensive Green Roofs Extensive green roofs are designed to be lightweight and support a low maintenance vegetation landscape which is wind, frost and drought resistant. They are not intended for general access or for leisure purposes and are primarily used for their ecological benefits or aesthetic appearance. There are a number of options available offering different substrate and drainage/reservoir board depths to support the widest possible range of plant species within the scheme. Sedum or wildflower blankets Lightweight option with pre-cultivated vegetation for instant planting of the roof. Plug planted systems Another lightweight option, usually incorporating sedums with other self-sufficient plants such as grasses, herbs, succulents and wildflowers, planted in specified depths of substrate. Intensive Green Roofs Recreational roofs where the design may include lawns, flowerbeds, shrubs and trees intermixed with hard landscaping such as paths, driveways and patios. 4 bauder.ie

5 TECHNICAL CREDENTIALS Environmental The environmental credentials of a green roof are generally well documented for their positive effect, as they actively negate carbon dioxide emissions. In brief, green roofs: n Help conserve and control rainwater run-off. n Reduce the heat island effect. n Improve air quality. n Provide environmental masking. n Create a natural habitat for plants, aphids and invertibrates. n Assist biodiversity of wildlife. n Improve both the acoustic and thermal insulation performance of the roof. n Protect the waterproofing against ultra-violet and heat ageing. Recycled Content of Bauder Green Roof Components Substrates Bauder growing mediums and substrates incorporate recycled crushed brick snd composted pine bark. Drainage/Water Storage Components The Bauder DSE20, DSE40 and DSE60 boards are manufactured from recycled High Density Polyethylene. Protection Fleece The Bauder lightweight protection fleece is manufactured from recycled polyester and polypropylene. Standards and Certification Adopting Standards Throughout Europe, the standards most widely recognised as comprehensively covering green roofs are those of the Forschungsgesllschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschafttsbau (FLL), Bauder has adopted these well respected standards, which cover all aspects of waterproofing, root protection, landscaping, installation and maintenance, and we will continue to do so whilst also working in conjunction with the new GRO Green Roof Code of Best Practice for the UK. Rain Noise The Bauder Xero Flor sedum blanket green roof system on a metal deck has been tested in accordance with BS EN ISO : 2006 to determine the sound intensity level within the building during heavy rainfall. A figure of 33.5 db was achieved, which is almost certainly sufficient to gain a credit under point 5 of section Hea13 of BREEAM Education 2008 for most projects. Fire Rating Bauder XF301 was the first sedum blanket in the UK to be awarded an EXT. F.AA fire rating in November 2001 by the Building Research Establishment. The full system, including the waterproofing and insulation was tested, and so the EXT. F.AA rating applies to the complete Bauder system and not just the sedum blanket covering. The same system was tested in a sloped orientation in 2009 to ensure that the fire behaviour is not affected by roof slope. The test was a success and the system is now also classified EXT. S.AA, giving peace of mind when specifying the system on a sloped roof. Root Resistance The Bauder Plant E cap sheet that has been tested and certified under FLL (Forschungsgesellschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschaftsbau) guidelines, which is the benchmark test for root resistance in Europe and has been for the last 25 years. Financial Benefits Reduced Life Cycle Costs The main reduction in lifecycle costs comes from the green roof providing protection from the damaging effects of the weather, which effectively ages the waterproofing, thus the time span between replacement is extended significantly, and in many cases replacement will become unnecessary. Offset Construction Costs In large construction projects a green roof can mean that storm water holding tanks are reduced in size or no longer required, as the roof itself will retain a proportion of the rainfall. Increases Property Value As an additional dimension is created, the property will maximise the potential available for the site, and so increase the value. 5 bauder.co.uk

6 BIODIVERSE ROOF HABITATS This specific type of green or living roof typically either tries to replicate as closely as is practical the ecological environment of the site where construction has taken place or sets out to create a natural habitat to support a variety of flora and fauna. When to Specify Biodiverse roofs can be created on new build construction and refurbishment or retrofit projects. Ideal for meeting biodiversity action plans (BAP) and delivering to BREEAM and planning requirements. Key Features These features are in addition to those associated with all green roofs. n Significant scope for creating a natural habitat to encourage plants and small wildlife to remain, so aiding biodiversity. n Is intrinsically of greater benefit to wildlife than other types of green roofs and can be designed specifically to support particular flora and fauna. n Aid to planning consent, as biodiversity roofs help to meet local authority policies towards a sustainable environment. n Aid to meeting BREEAM requirements of a development through points secured by the use of accredited native species plants. n Developing another dimension through a unique opportunity to maximise the potential of the building to support the environment. Technical Credentials British and European Standards The Bauder substrate, drainage-boards, filtration layers and green roof waterproofing systems are tested and comply with the FLL guidelines. Recycled Materials The DSE20 and DSE40 water storage and drainage components used within biodiversity green roof systems are manufactured from recycled high density polyethylene. BREEAM In considering how green roofs will support BREEAM projects, a number of credits can be secured in the Land Use and Ecology section by improving the ecological value of the site. This is achieved by increasing the number of locally significant species as specified by a registered ecologist, found on the site after construction. The calculation is dependent upon the number of species included and the green area of the roof. SPECIFICATION SUPPORT TECHNICAL DOWNLOADS 6 TECHNICAL HELPLINE T: E: technical@bauder.co.uk bauder.ie

7 Example System Configuration Biodiversity roofs can be created on both new build construction and refurbishment projects. For refurbishment roofs, the supporting structure must be able to withstand any additional weight loadings that a biodiverse roof will impose; Bauder can advise on the suitability and possibilities available. Design An ecologist should advise and craft the exact design of the habitat to be created. Natural colonisation by local plant species is one possible solution. However, on most sites, a helping hand should be given to nature by either planting out plugs or sowing a specific seed mix. Native species vegetation and type of substrate should be selected to support the differing biodiversity the roof is designed for. Vegetation chosen to replicate a natural environment to support the local flora and fauna or a specific ecosystem. Bauder Biodiverse Substrate is a lightweight growing material that is manufactured and used in accordance with FLL guidelines. Bauder Filter Fleece is a filtration layer that prevents substrate fines from washing into the drainage layer. Bauder DSE40 is a 40 mm water storage layer that provides multi-directional drainage. Manufactured from recycled HDPE. Bauder FSM600 Protection Mat is a polyester and polypropylene fibre mix. Bauder PE Foil is a polyethylene foil separation and slip layer manufactured from recycled granules. Design Features To give the biodiversity landscape an element of visual design, logs, heaped rope and piles of stones or boulders can all be incorporated to give a more random finish. These types of items also provide micro-habitats for insects. Brambles are an ingenious twist to vegetation selection to create and protect a natural habitat for small birds and animals. Flowering plant species can be selected to support primary pollinators. 7 bauder.co.uk

8 EXTENSIVE SEDUM BLANKET SYSTEM Bauder Xero Flor extensive sedum blanket systems are constructed using low maintenance planting (succulents) that provide excellent cover and increased protection to the waterproofing system. When to Specify The Xero Flor sedum blanket is a very versatile green roof system and is suitable for both new build and refurbishment projects. It is ideal for buildings where weight loading is a consideration or planning requirements stipulate. Key Features These features are in addition to those associated with all green roofs. n The Xero Flor sedum blanket is installed as a complete system. n The most lightweight green roof system available, making it ideal for retrofitting or refurbishment projects. n Delivers instant greening of a roof with sedums and other species able to flourish in our climate. n Ideal solution where a green roof needs to be specified to meet planning requirements. n Cost effective. n Sedum blankets are grown on our farm in the UK and delivered to site within 24 hours of harvesting. n Blanket features up to 11 species of sedums, some mosses and grasses to ensure plant diversity. The plants are grown on a blanket that is harvested like turf and installed by rolling out on top of the waterproofing and any other landscaping components required. The blankets are very lightweight, easy to maintain and provide instant greening to the roof. Technical Credentials British and European Standards The Bauder XF301 sedum blanket and green roof waterproofing systems are created from products tested to meet the FLL guidelines. Rain Noise The Bauder Xero Flor Sedum Blanket Green Roof System on a metal deck has been tested in accordance with BS EN IS : 2006 to determine the sound intensity level within the building during heavy rainfall. A figure of 33.5 db was achieved, which is almost certainly sufficient to gain a credit under Point 5 of section Hea 13 of BREEAM Education 2008 for most projects. Fire Rating The Bauder XF301 sedum blanket has an EXT. F.AA and EXT. S.AA rating awarded to the entire system for zero spread of flame and no fire penetration. Tested to BS 476 Part 3 External Fire Exposure to Roofs as covered by European Standard DD ENV 1187:2002 SPECIFICATION SUPPORT TECHNICAL DOWNLOADS 8 TECHNICAL HELPLINE T: E: technical@bauder.co.uk bauder.ie

9 Example System Configuration The multi-functional sedum blanket combines the vegetation support layer with a moisture retention fleece to provide the perfect base for all roofing scenarios with a labour efficient installation. Our patented geo-textile carrier fleece with its ultraviolet resistant nylon loops provides a support base for the specially developed substrate growing medium and gives stability to the established vegetation whether on a low pitch flat roof or a 25 slope. Bauder XF301 Sedum Blanket is a pre-cultivated vegetation blanket on a patented nylon loop and geo-textile base carrier with special substrate and a pre-attached integral 8 mm moisture retention fleece. Bauder SDF Mat is a multifunctional drainage, filtration and protection layer manufactured from ultraviolet resistant nylon woven loops which are thermally bonded to geo-textile filter fleece facings. The pre-attached fleece is a unique feature of our XF301 sedum blankets, retaining moisture after rainfall and thus allowing the plants to take up the water for future use. The sedums are grown to maturity before being harvested, thus ensuring that they acclimatise quickly to their new rooftop location. Design Features Short Vegetation Mats Two metre mats are rolled out by hand over the roof area. Long Vegetation Rolls Long length rolls being craned into position and installed. Particularly beneficial for installing over the high point of a barrel vault roof construction. Edge Retention The blanket is held into position on the edges by either our SS40 trim (as shown) or by a pebble border. 9 bauder.co.uk

10 EXTENSIVE SUBSTRATE GREEN ROOFS A traditional extensive substrate system provides for a greater depth of growing medium, thus allowing the use of a broader range of species, which may be installed by different methods, including plug planting, vegetation mat and seeding. When to Specify The system is lightweight and offers the advantage of a bespoke vegetation finish with a substrate depth to support the plants, suitable for new build construction and retrofit or refurbishment projects. Key Features These features are in addition to those associated with all green roofs. n Greater depth of growing medium enables a broader range of species to be incorporated within the scheme. n Increased rainwater attenuation capacity when compared to a sedum blanket installation. n Cost effective on large roof areas. Vegetation Options A substrate-based extensive green roof can incorporate a variety of vegetation finishes. Vegetation Mats The installation of a pre-cultivated vegetation mat allows the roof to be instantly vegetated. The pre-cultivated plants are grown on a patented geo-textile carrier fleece with a support base for the specially developed substrate growing medium. Native Species Wildflower Blanket XF118 meets the growing demand for a native species vegetation blanket to satisfy the requirements of BREEAM. The 24 species of wildflowers and herbs to provide a plant selection that will be present on most of the biodiversity action plan lists that project-specific ecology reports now demand. 10 Sedum Blanket XF300 provides dense sedum foliage cover featuring up to 11 species of sedum with some mosses and grasses for plant diversity. Plug Planting This method allows for individual immature plants or plugs to be planted out into the substrate by hand, which can then grow on to give good cover over the next two full growing seasons. Seeding This is an economical and practical method for vegetating larger roof areas. A mix of seeds, bulking agent, tackifier and fertiliser is sown onto lightweight substrate to germinate and grow. Technical Credentials British and European Standards The Bauder substrate, drainage-boards, filtration layers and green roof waterproofing systems are tested and comply with the FLL guidelines. Recycled Materials The DSE20 and DSE40 water storage and drainage components used within extensive substrate green roof systems are manufactured from recycled high density polyethylene. Water Storage Capacity The opportunity to specify a substrate system allows for a greater depth of growing medium providing an extended choice of suitable plants and increased water attenuation capacity. By using our DSE20 water storage and drainage component with 80 mm nominal depth of extensive substrate the system can retain up to 45 litres/m², with the DSE40 component and 80 mm nominal depth of extensive substrate this can increase to 51.5 litres/m². bauder.ie

11 Example System Configuration An extensive substrate system requires a greater depth of growing medium, and allows a wider choice of suitable plants for the client. It can also provide a cost effective solution for larger roofs. Manually planting individual plants in plug format gives the client both a much greater choice of plant species and the opportunity to plan the layout. This can be of particular benefit when the roof is to be overlooked and where the roof areas to be greened are either partially or wholly in shade. If an immediate finish is required, the use of a vegetation mat is the best practical solution. Seeding a roof can be economical and practical for very large areas. The substrate is usually laid with a variation in depth to encourage a more mixed appearance of the vegetation. Plant establishment and full coverage will take between months, depending upon the time of year sowing takes place and the weather conditions during the period of establishment. Vegetation will generally be provided through plug planting, vegetation mat or seeding. Selected species can be chosen to suit the project and location. Bauder Extensive Substrate is a lightweight growing material that is manufactured to meet FLL guidelines. Bauder Filter Fleece is a filtration layer that prevents substrate fines from washing into the drainage and water storage layer. DSE40 is a lightweight water storage and drainage layer made of recycled HDPE, 40 mm thick. Bauder FSM600 Protection Mat is a polyester and polypropylene fibre mix. Bauder PE Foil Separation Layer is a polyethylene foil separation and slip layer manufactured from recycled granules. Design Features Vegetation Mats As the plants mature, prominent species develop to create interesting textures on the roof. Plug Planting Selected herbs and sedums are specified to create a visually appealing design. Seeding This newly seeded roof will continue to establish into a flourishing vegetated area. 11 bauder.co.uk

12 INTENSIVE GREEN ROOFS Intensive green roofs provide recreational gardens and amenity spaces at roof level, with all the benefits usually associated with ground level landscaping. Typically they will feature landscapes combining shrubs, perennial and herbaceous plants, grassed areas, trees or hard landscaping for foot or vehicular traffic. When to Specify Maximising the full potential of a building by utilising all available space to deliver leisure spaces. Typically created on new build roof constructions, over underground car parks and podiums. The landscape variations are practically limitless for both design and use. Key Features These features are in addition to those associated with all green roofs. n Assists in maximising the building s potential. n Provides valuable recreational space. n Offers storm water management benefits due to the depths of substrate used, particularly when specified in conjunction with permeable paving. n Increases the overall value of the property. The plants used make a heavy demand on the green roof and will require maintenance, irrigation and management throughout the year to ensure the upkeep of the landscape and allow the vegetation to flourish. Technical Credentials British and European Standards The Bauder substrate, drainage-boards, filtration layers and green roof waterproofing systems are tested and comply with the FLL guidelines. Recycled Materials The DSE60 water storage and drainage component used within intensive green roof systems is manufactured from recycled high density polyethylene. Storm Water Management The depths of substrate used within an intensive green roof offer storm water management capacity. By slowing down and greatly reducing the levels of rainwater entering the drainage system, less strain is put on our older and often inadequate sewage systems, thus helping to mitigate flooding. Additionally, in large construction projects a green roof can mean that storm water management tanks are reduced in size or are no longer required, as the roof itself will retain much of the rainfall, which can be as high as 90% of average rainfall over the course of a calendar year. SPECIFICATION SUPPORT TECHNICAL DOWNLOADS 12 TECHNICAL HELPLINE T: E: technical@bauder.co.uk bauder.ie

13 Example System Configuration There is little to restrict the scope for design, other than the overall weight of the system dictating the construction of the supporting structure and the height and level of exposure of the roof. However, it is important to first establish the landscape finish you are looking to achieve, which will then have a direct impact on the system and structure to support it. Bauder lightweight substrates combined with specially developed water storage and drainage components all ensure that the modern green roof can replicate a traditional landscape at roof level at only a fraction of the weight and generally with a substantially shallower build up. It is crucial that an integrated approach is taken to the design and specification of both the waterproofing and landscaping components, so that the desired outcomes are achieved. We can work with you from the earliest design stage to ensure that your green roof project is successful. Vegetation specifically selected for each individual roof, from turf to trees. Bauder Intensive Substrate is a lightweight growing medium manufactured to meet FLL guidelines. Bauder Filter Fleece is a filtration layer that prevents substrate fines from washing into the drainage layer. Bauder DSE60 is a 60 mm thick, water storage and drainage layer, infilled with Bauder Mineral Drain for structural stability. Manufactured from recycled HDPE. Bauder FSM 1100 Protection Mat a polyester and polythene fibre mix. Bauder PE Foil is a polythene foil separation and slip layer manufactured from recycled granules. Design Features Full garden planting scheme for residents to enjoy a recreational space. Turf roof brings the building up from the landscape for visitors to explore. Low maintenance intensive green roof with planter areas, trees and paved zones to create a rooftop space for appreciation and relaxation. 13 bauder.co.uk

14 SOLAR ENERGY The Bauder photovoltaic solution is specifically designed to deliver the most effective energy generation solution whilst also ensuring the waterproofing beneath remains completely intact and without compromise, which occurs when mechanical fixing methods are used that penetrate the roof. The entire installation process is quick and simple and only our approved contractors, engineers and installers are fully trained and certified to install our unified rooftop solutions. Through our systems we guarantee the entire Bauder specified roof package rather than a separate element, giving single source point of contact with clear accountability and responsibility to reduce risk. Bauder BioSOLAR for Green Roofs Bauder BioSOLAR is an integrated solution for mounting photovoltaic renewable energy on a green roof where the substrate and vegetation provide the ballasted installation mechanism to secure the array. The system is suitable for both new build construction and retrofit projects. Our BioSOLAR system allows for the entire roof area to qualify as a green roof, and when a biodiversity vegetation finish is elected for, this can further enhance the BREEAM credit rating for the roof element. Key Features n No roof penetrations as substrate and vegetation ballast the PV array. n Maximises solar energy generation as green roof has a cooling effect on rooftop temperatures, increasing panel output by up to 6%. n Raised modules allow light and moisture under the panels and the creation of a variety of habitats supporting a greater range of plant species and small invertebrates. Improved Solar Panel Efficiency A combined green roof with PV delivers advantages to the building as the cooling effect of the vegetation and water held within the green roof system preserves the ambient temperature around the photovoltaic array. Studies in Germany have shown that PVs work most efficiently with an ambient temperature of around 24 C and that when an array is combined with a green roof, the panels are expected to achieve around a 6% higher output. Varied Habitats for Flora and Fauna The mixture of sunny, shaded and sheltered areas together with a variable depth of FLL compliant extensive substrate gives a matrix of different habitats, which allow a broader range of plant species to thrive, and small invertebrates to seek refuge from strong wind and rain. The broad mix of flowering vegetation provides a rich foraging environment for bees and insects. Environmental Credentials Renewable Energy Photovoltaic is a method of converting the sun s energy into electricity and is a truly zero carbon technology. Recent studies have shown that most PV solutions will outstrip their embodied carbon by a factor of six times over a 20 year lifespan. 14 bauder.ie

15 COMPLETING THE PACKAGE As a responsible manufacturer and specialist, it is important to us to work with other key manufacturers that produce accompanying rooftop products that may affect the integrity of our waterproofing, such as rooflights, outlets and trims. Accessories Our full range of accessories complement a Bauder green roof and give a single point of contact for all elements required in the design. These are some examples of our range. All these items need securing to the roof, which means finding a solution to roof details and working with the approved roofing contractor to ensure the installation is precise, accurate and robust. Rooflights Bauder Euroglaze and BauderDOME are the most advanced rooflight designs available. With high standards of illumination, insulation and ventilation, Bauder offers rooflights for all flat roofed buildings. All these glazing products are fully compatible with our roof waterproofing systems and the standard products all hold BBA certification. They are installed with a comprehensive guarantee to give total confidence and complete peace of mind. Bauder AL40 Sedum Blanket Edge Trim Sedum Blanket Retention Strip Inspection Chamber ALU250 Linear Drain Rainwater Outlet Access Cover 15 bauder.co.uk

16 OUR SERVICE Your project is important to us and our service is dedicated to providing a green roof solution that fully understands all the individual issues of the project, answers the waterproofing requirement and satisfies the needs of the vegetation. New Build and Refurbishment Projects Your green roof design can be complex, so we work with you to ensure all the roof detailing is robust and accurate. Our technical managers will meet you and from your plans they will produce, alongside our technical department, a specification package ready for the tendering process. SIX STEPS 1: Brief and Consultation You give us your remit and together we discuss the green roof project; site suitability, level of access required, falls and drainage, weight loadings, performance expectations, preferred system application, your budget and how the works can be formulated. 2: Roof Review Upon determining which green roof and vegetation finish is suitable for your building we will perform a detailed appraisal of all roof areas to fully assess the structural and design considerations, and propose the appropriate green roof components. 3: Report, Design and Specification Service Designing to protect the building s construction and flat roof waterproofing is vital when delivering a green roof as many forces can affect the structure. Your detailed report and specification package takes into account these factors and will answer your original brief. 4: Contractor Selection The Bauder approved contractors best placed to deliver your green roof will competitively tender for your project. Our national network of contractors undergo a rigorous selection process and their installers are trained specifically in the application of our systems, so you are ensured an expert installation. A typical specification and report package can include the following: n Building type and usage. n Recommended system configuration. n Detailed specification. n Green roof construction and design. n Thermal analysis and calculations. n Falls and drainage design. n Wind uplift and restraint calculations. n Detailing on all roof penetrations. n Roof plans and tapered insulation layouts. n Recommended approved contractors. 5: Green Roof Installation Once the Bauder approved contractor has been appointed, a pre-contract meeting will make sure the project delivery is well coordinated. The works are closely monitored by Bauder site technicians to ensure quality and waterproof integrity of the roof and correct installation of the green roof components. 6: Sign Off, Guarantee and Maintenance A full final inspection is completed on the works by our site technician team following rigorous approval criteria before the guarantee is issued. Sign Off, Guarantee and Maintenance Green Roof Installation 16 bauder.ie

17 INSTALLATIONS GUARANTEED Installations You can be assured that your waterproofing and green roof installation will be of the highest quality as we only allow fully trained and certified Bauder approved contractors to install our rooftop solutions. Approved Contractors Our national network of approved contractors are given all the training, support and expert advice they need in order to deliver a high quality roof installation that we are proud to put our name to. We look to build strong working relationships with all of our approved contractors, as we recognise just how essential the quality and experience of the installing operative is to ensuring a successful project. Bauder Site Technicians Once your roofing works commence, our experienced team of site technicians will monitor and inspect the workmanship at key stages to ensure that the standards required to meet our guarantee are fulfilled, as well as providing you with easy to understand reports on how the works are progressing. Our national team is the largest of all the manufacturer-suppliers, ensuring all our sites receive the attention they deserve. Guarantees A full final inspection is undertaken by the Bauder PV team on completion of the works with the waterproofing before the installation of the green roof commences. Comprehensive guarantees for the roof and PV system are provided. Your completed roof package will be backed up by what we can confidently claim to be the most comprehensive guarantee range in today s roofing industry, giving you total reassurance with regards to the future performance of your building s roof and the PV installation. Unlike others in the market, Bauder offers a full range of guarantees that can cover product, design and workmanship. Our guarantee provides you with complete satisfaction and will be bespoke to your project and its requirements. We issue our guarantees unreservedly as part of our service because we monitor quality every step of the way from manufacture to installation. Guarantee Options n Products supplied by Bauder (exclusions exist). n Workmanship and installation of Bauder products by our approved contractors. n Design, advice, formula and specification where Bauder products are concerned. n Financial loss from building damage due to faulty manufacture or installation of Bauder products. n Consequential damage through Bauder waterproofing system failure due to faulty manufacture or installation of Bauder products. 17 bauder.co.uk

18 FURTHER WATERPROOFING OPTIONS The Bauder portfolio of waterproofing systems ensures we impartially match the right solution for every project whether new build or refurbishment. These are our further options for roof covering systems to accompany a PV solution: Single Ply Systems Our single roofing systems are ideal for lightweight, fast track and cost effective construction projects. The systems provide solutions that are durable, resistant to the natural elements and are able to support extensive green roofs. n Projects: New build or refurbishment. n Construction: Warm, cold and inverted roofs. n PV System: Green roofs and BauderSOLAR flat roof or BioSOLAR photovoltaics. n Certification: BBA, FM Approval. n Guarantees: Full range. Bitumen Membrane Systems Our long-established and fully integrated roof systems incorporate SBS modified elastomeric bitumen membranes and highly efficient PIR insulation to give a robust waterproofing solution with long-term durability and life-expectancy. These systems are ideal for all types of green roof scenarios and solar PV. n Projects: New build or refurbishment. n Construction: Warm, cold and inverted roofs. n Upgrades: n Certification: BBA. n Guarantees: Full range. Green roofs and BauderSOLAR flat roof or BioSOLAR photovoltaics. Cold Liquid Applied Waterproofing Our cold liquid applied systems are based on the most advanced PMMA technology. Simple to install, fast curing and long lasting; they are suitable for use in all kinds of flat roof, balcony, walkway, and terrace waterproofing and surfacing applications. n Projects: New build or refurbishment. n Construction: Warm, cold and inverted roofs. n Certification: BBA n Guarantees: Full range. Hot Melt Structural Waterproofing The Bauder Hot Melt Structural Waterproofing System can be installed on decks with zero degree falls. n Projects: New build. n Construction: Cold and inverted roofs. n Upgrades: Green Roofs and BioSOLAR photovoltaics. n Certification: BBA n Guarantees: Full range to accompany BioSOLAR PV system. 18 bauder.ie

19 ONLINE TECHNICAL RESOURCES At Bauder, our service is free to you and covers all elements for a successful project delivery from initial concept or site survey, through to specification package with bespoke drawings and calculations, on site monitoring and final sign-off and handover. We appreciate that there are times when you need resources to get your project started and the Bauder online technical centre will support you. By registering on our site you will get free and unlimited access to everything from specifications, CAD drawings and BBA certificates to DoPs, datasheets and design guides bauder.co.uk

20 UNITED KINGDOM Bauder Limited 70 Landseer Road, Ipswich, Suffolk IP3 0DH, England T: +44 (0) E: bauder.co.uk IRELAND Bauder Limited O Duffy Centre, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan, Ireland T: +353 (0) E: info@bauder.ie bauder.ie

21 GREEN ROOF DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

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23 CONTENTS 1. Planning and Consideration The First Steps Waterproofing & Drainage Structural Loading & Wind Uplift Green Roof Components Green Roof Configurations Perimeters & Safe Access Irrigation & Maintenance bauder.co.uk

24 1 PLANNING & CONSIDERATION For a green roof to be successful, it is very important that all parties involved work together and fully understand what is to be achieved to avoid the risk of failure. Points to consider should be: Why is a green roof required and what performance is expected? Is the site suitable? Who should be involved in delivering the project? Essential and variable factors for consideration. Why is a green roof required and what performance is expected? There could be many reasons why a green roof is required. It may be to satisfy a planning constraint, in which case economic options will be considered; mitigate against storm water where the design will maximise rainwater attenuation; support a specific species of wildlife for a biodiversity solution; provide recreational space with public access; offer additional energy savings photovoltaic units are up to 10% more efficient when used on a green roof; or for aesthetic reasons where the building needs to be masked into its surrounding environment. Is the site suitable? There are some fundamental considerations when planning a green roof and many factors which will influence its success. Location factors Regional and local climate Volume of rainfall Amount of sunlight Exposure - strength of wind, amount of frost and snow Structure factors Load capacity of the roof Pitch of the roof Shading and rain shadow from adjacent structures Hot/cold air emissions from air conditioning units and other equipment Height of parapet walls Safe access to install and maintain the green roofs Vegetation Depth of substrate required by plants Drought tolerance of plants Shade tolerance of planting Other habitat creation and environmental issues Who should be involved in delivering the project? Everyone must be involved and fully support the project, regardless of the type of roof selected, from the building owner and client to the architect and main contractors. The planner should determine if the chosen roof is feasible at the location and make it clear in the planning constraint the wildlife which is to be targeted for a biodiversity roof. The architect s main objective is to specify the type of landscape and its support system to ensure the structure of the building is not placed at risk. On some projects it may also be appropriate to seek the services of an ecologist to advise on issues such as meeting a BREEAM or Biodiversity Action Plan requirement. Essential and variable factors to be considered for all green roofs One of the major factors to consider is the waterproofing, which should be robust and of high quality; the capping sheet can often be a root barrier to prevent penetration, though this is not always the case and any root barrier should meet FLL standards to ensure its integrity. The roof should be leak tested before the landscaping is installed. The drainage should always be capable of coping with intense rainfall and incorporate a filter sheet to prevent substrate being washed away. The growing medium will vary to suit the landscape required, and for biodiverse systems the vegetation and habitat materials selected to suit the habitats being created. Safe access for maintenance must be considered and planned for. bauder.ie 04

25 THE FIRST STEPS 2 There are fundamental principals that apply to the design of a green roof, regardless of the proposed landscaping, location or climate. The specified solution must replicate nature within the build up and be able to support the vegetation. The first step - What is the landscaping finish to look like? The primary decision is the type of landscape required; what best suits the rationale behind the development, whether it is an intensive, extensive or biodiversity roof. Whatever the landscape chosen, the vegetation will have some basic requirements to sustain it; nutrients, a balance between moisture and drainage, and aeration to the root systems. The next step - Planning the green roof to meet the needs of the vegetation Once the vegetation finish has been determined the structural and design considerations and green roof components can be proposed. It is vital that the protection of the building s fabric and in particular its waterproofing is considered in the green roof design. There is important information that the building s structural engineer will require: The height of the green roof system build up The maximum saturated load of the green roof The sheer force the green roof will exert when on a pitched roof Safe access for maintenance Over the following pages, this guide will take you through. Waterproofing system, structural loading and wind uplift The structural design of the building will embrace the specification of the appropriate waterproofing system to meet the demands placed on it by the green roof and the effects of climate, especially with regard to performance against high-wind. Configuration of green roof components Green roofs typically reduce the run off from a roof by 50%. However, the green roof s drainage layer must allow excess water to be shed quickly from the roof surface, whilst holding sufficient to support the vegetation. Insufficient water storage means that either additional irrigation will be required or the vegetation will struggle to flourish. Perimeters and vegetation barriers Perimeter details have minimum requirements to comply with building regulations and vegetation barriers have important functions, one of them being to act as a fire break. Irrigation, maintenance and safe access Every green roof will require access for maintenance and in the case of intensive green roofs access is continual. All access on green roofs should be safe for the user. 05 bauder.co.uk

26 3 WATERPROOFING & DRAINAGE Root Resistant Waterproofing It is vital that the waterproofing is robust and proven to deliver long-term root resistance, preventing plant roots and rhizomes from growing in to or through it. Consideration must be given to the appropriate form of waterproofing so that it can meet the demands placed on it by the green roof, as such performance characteristics for durability and thickness of membrane (denisty), tensile strength (EN ) and elongation at break (EN ) need evaluation before appropriate selection can be made. Bauder waterproofing membrane systems and liquid systems are manufactured in accordance with FLL guidelines for root resistance and carry BBA certification for green roof applications. When designing the detailing (e.g. upstands, pipe penetrations, rooflight upstands etc) it is important that you take into account the increased build-up of the green roof construction. Building Regulations typically require the waterproofing detailing to finish 150mm above the finished roof surface i.e. the green roof surface not the surface of the waterproofing. Our technical team can work with you to produce the correct detail drawings for your green roof project. Bauder Waterproofing For Green Roofs Selecting the appropriate waterproofing system requires consideration so that its performance matches that required for the green roof. Creating Falls on a Green Roof Intensive green roofs can be safely installed on horizontal decks, whereas with extensive green roofs minimum falls of 1:60 and above are preferred. The criteria is to have a depth of drainage layer deep enough to hold the landscape above any residual standing water that occurs on the surface of the deck, either by design or circumstance. Drainage Roof drainage designs should comply with the requirements of BS EN :2000 Gravity drainage systems inside buildings. The soft landscaping on a green roof will retain a large percentage of the average annual rainfall, as for example an intensive green roof can retain up to 90%. However, the UK s National Annex to BS EN does not permit the use of a coefficient to factor down the drainage infrastructure to take account for factors such as the retention performance of green roofs. When specifying internal outlets, we would always recommend a minimum of two outlets per roof, regardless of roof size, as a precaution against accidental blockage. All outlets should be protected by an inspection chamber with removable covers to allow access for maintenance, and be surrounded by a pebble vegetation barrier to prevent encroachment. Intensive green roofs would ideally use root resistant bituminous membranes or hot melt structural waterproofing systems as the nature of the access levels and maintenance regimes require a robust solution to ensure that the building is protected correctly. Extensive green roofs are generally possible on all forms of waterproofing that have root resistance including bitumen membrane systems, single ply, cold liquid applied and hot melt. The correct selection for waterproofing can often be determined because of the depth of substrate required to support the vegetation. The greater the depth of substrate, the more robust the waterproofing will need to be. bauder.ie 06

27 STRUCTURAL LOADING & WIND UPLIFT 4 Most roof deck constructions are suitable for some form of green roof provided that they can support the dead and imposed load, though intensive green roofs should only be constructed on concrete decks. Dead and imposed loads - should be calculated in accordance with BS EN , BE EN and BS EN and should include the weight of the waterproofing system, saturated weight of the green roof components and substrate, vegetation, snow loads, and imposed loads such as access by people and vehicles as well as point loads for items such as water features and trees. Sheer forces - need to be combated generally on roof pitches in excess of 10 degrees, though this depends on the levels of substrate being installed and the vegetation used. Anti-shear measures should suit the individual system and on a Bauder sedum blanket system this comprises a simple mechanical retention strip with spikes that hold the blanket onto the waterproofing. Our technical team can provide information and advice so relevant data can be passed to the structural engineer. Wind Uplift and Erosion The need for stability of the system is increased because the negative pressure forces that can develop during high wind conditions are counteracted by the weight of the green roof system. Wind can also lead to erosion problems on exposed sites, especially if plant establishment is in the early stages. SPECIFICATION SUPPORT TECHNICAL DOWNLOADS TECHNICAL HELPLINE T: E: technical@bauder.co.uk 07 bauder.co.uk

28 5 GREEN ROOF COMPONENTS When designing a green roof, the components required will depend on the type of vegetation specified and how the balance between water retention and drainage is achieved to meet the demands of the vegetation. The general principle is to recreate the conditions nature provides in a shallower system. In all green roof scenarios, substrate depths are completely dependent on the vegetation specified and the different drainage / water retention layers are selected according to the levels of water required to be held within the construction. Vegetation and Substrates The different vegetation options will require different depths of substrate (growing medium) in order to support the plants and their root structures. Intensive roofs require careful design considerations and the desired planting scheme will reflect that of a ground level garden or recreational space. Substrates Generally the depth of substrate is dependant on the type of vegetation being installed. Low growing sedum will need a shallow, low nutrient, free draining substrate. Wildflowers will require deeper substrate ( mm). Herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees on intensive green roofs will require greater depths ( mm+). As planting becomes more substantial it is likely to require a higher organic content within the substrate. Extensive Vegetation Pre-grown vegetation mats will establish quickly and give high aesthetic finish immediately after installation. Plug plants enable a particular selection of species to be planted with establishment reached in 1+ year. They require thorough attention and maintenance during establishment as plugs are quiet delicate. Water Storage / Drainage Layer This layer helps to maintain the balance between the levels of water to be held on the roof to support the vegetation whilst allowing the surplus amount to drain away so that the substrate doesn t become waterlogged. The water storage cells can be filled with coarse gravel or crushed brick to increase the compressive capabilities of the build up. The components can be manufactured from a variety of materials such as high density polyethylene (HDPE) or polystyrene; each having their own reservoir capacity. Protection Layer This layer delivers protection against damage to the waterproofing system that lies beneath the green roof. The layer can be of varying thicknesses, selected and specified to cope with possible levels of mechanical damage that the waterproofing could be subjected to. This is fundamentally in relation to the intensity of the vegetation scheme. For example, extensive green roofs would generally experience much lower levels of mechanical damage during maintenance and therefore only require a protection layer to meet those expectations. The Bauder protection layers are manufactured from the following materials: Eco Mat - recycled polyester and polypropylene FSM 600 and FSM polyester and polypropylene fibre mix Pro Mat - recycled shredded rubber Separation Layer This layer ensures that the building structure and its waterproofing can move independently of the green roof so allowing for movement such as thermal expansion without shear forces created by the weight of the green roof restricting it. The Bauder separation layer, PE Foil, is a polyethylene foil manufactured from recycled granules. Seed offers a lower establishment cost but will take a couple of growing seasons to fully establish. For an extensive green roof the vegetation options can be combined and information on extensive vegetation plants and indicative substrate depths can be found on our website where we also have an extensive vegetation brochure that you can download. Filter Layer This layer is a polypropylene geotextile fleece that prevents substrate fines and sediment from being washed in to the water storage or drainage component. The pore size is around 0.13mm. bauder.ie 08

29 GREEN ROOF CONFIGURATIONS 6 Here are some green roof component build ups that are typically specified for different green roof scenarios. Configuration 1 Configuration 2 Configuration 3 Configuration 4 Intensive Green Roofs Flat roofs soft &/or hard landscaping Flat roofs soft &/or hard landscaping Sloped roofs soft landscaping Drainage only for soft landscaping Substrate and Vegetation Filter Layer Filter Fleece Filter Fleece Filter Fleece Filter Fleece DSE 40 DSE 60 Reservoir Board Drainage Board Water Storage / Drainage Layer Protection Layer FSM 1100 FSM 1100 FSM 1100 FSM 1100 Separation Layer PE Foil PE Foil PE Foil PE Foil Extensive Green Roofs XF301 sedum blanket system Plug planted or wildflower blanket Biodiverse Seeded roof Substrate and Vegetation XF301 System Filter Layer Filter Fleece Filter Fleece Filter Fleece SDF Mat DSE 40 DSE 20 DSE 40 Water Storage / Drainage Layer Protection Layer Not required FSM 600 FSM 600 Eco Mat Separation Layer Not required PE Foil PE Foil PE Foil 09 bauder.co.uk

30 7 PERIMETERS & SAFE ACCESS Perimeters The minimum required upstand height for the waterproofing at abutments, parapets or pipe work penetrations etc, is 150 mm above the completed landscape surface. The only exceptions are at perimeter kerbs where the waterproofing extends fully to the outer edge finishing in a traditional welted drip, edge trim or at access doorways, where a linear drain is incorporated. Flush threshold access doorways can normally be accommodated, and the design of the waterproofing detail at the threshold will vary dependant upon the components to be sealed to. Vegetation Barriers These are created with round washed pebbles or paving slabs and provide several important functions on extensive green roofs: Safe Access Provision should always be made for safe access to the roof for routine maintenance, which may include man-safe systems with harness and attachment points, internal access hatches or an externally mounted bracket to secure a ladder. As all green roofs will need to be to be accessed at least twice a year for routine maintenance, it is a fundamental requirement of the design of the roof structure that safe access is provided for. The two important points are; safe access on to the roof by people and maintenance equipment and the safety of individuals once on the roof, ie handrail balustrades at the correct height, stable surfaces that are slip resistant etc Prevent vegetation from encroaching on roof elements such as rainwater outlets. Protection of the vegetation layer from water running down vertical upstand surfaces or from higher level rainwater downpipes. Provide rapid surface drainage during heavy rainfall. Protection of the waterproofing from mechanical damage during maintenance. Fire break, where the pebbles are installed in accordance with GRO guidlines of at a minimum margin of 500 mm x 50 mm. Wind uplift resistance by increasing the imposed load at roof perimeters. bauder.ie 10

31 IRRIGATION & MAINTENANCE 8 Establishment Watering Establishment watering is particularly important during the first 6-12 weeks following installation (depending on rainfall and the vegetation being established) and differing system finishes will require different watering practices. It is important to make provision for establishment care and watering even if the installation takes place in the spring or autumn. For extensive and biodiversity landscaped roofs, the ongoing watering needs are dictated by the type of vegetation, location, aspect, roof slope and exposure of your roof. Substrate based roofs with sedum plants rarely need artificial watering, whereas wildflower vegetation needs occasional watering during prolonged dry spells. Expectations regarding appearance is also an important factor, as some clients wish to maintain or enhance the visual appearance, whereas others may prefer to leave it to nature. Every roof is different and levels of irrigation depend entirely on the water demands of the vegetation as well as the levels of water storage on the roof and local micro climate. Irrigation The more intensive a roof finish, the more likely irrigation will be required. The plants must have sufficient levels of water to ensure they remain healthy during prolonged dry periods. An automated system is generally the best option in the long-term and the frequency at which it is applied will depend on the plant species. These are designed and supplied by specialist irrigation companies who will offer a specific system to meet your requirements. General Maintenance All roofs require a minimum of two inspections a year to ensure that the outlets etc are maintained, regardless of the type of green roof. An intensive green roof will require the regular maintenance associated with the planting scheme and landscape design, whereas an extensive green roof will need only minimal maintenance to ensure that any unwanted species do not become established. We strongly advise the inclusion of the cost for an initial postinstallation maintenance program within the tender documents for a period to be agreed with the client s representative. This ensures that the green roof is handed over in a healthy and fully established condition. Bauder Maintenance Service Bauder s experienced team provide a tailor-made maintenance programme which is normally carried out in spring and autumn. This work is undertaken by our experienced engineers who will carry out the necessary risk assessments and comply with all current health and safety legislation throughout the duration of the work. A full inspection and evaluation is carried out and a bespoke report provided with photographic verification outlining the condition of the planting and any areas requiring on going treatment. Common items for inclusion in the service are: Fertilising application of a granular, organic slow-release fertiliser is essential to provide the plants with nutrients enabling them to become hardy enough to resist extreme cold, heat and drought. Debris removal of all debris and leaves from the roof surface, rainwater outlets, chutes and gutters. Plant encroachment removing excess vegetation that is encroaching into areas surrounding rainwater outlets, walkways, pebble barriers, gutters etc. Weeding removal of unwanted vegetation, especially saplings etc either by hand or using a weed wipe. Repairing bare patches once weeding has occurred, bare patches can remain which are covered using remaining sedum vegetation from cuttings. Monitoring colour and growth the vegetation will naturally change colour depending upon the time of year and prevailing weather conditions. Monitoring growth vigour and colour will identify how healthy the vegetation is or if it is in need of additional support. Vegetation barrier settlement of the pebbles can occur and may need additional application. Promenade tiles or paving slabs ensuring they are in good condition and secure in their original position. Rainwater pipes free from blockages to enable water to flow freely through them. Contact the Bauder Green Roof Maintenance Team T: E: greenmaintenance@bauder.co.uk 11 bauder.co.uk

32 UNITED KINGDOM Bauder Limited 70 Landseer Road, Ipswich, Suffolk IP3 0DH, England T: +44 (0) E: bauder.co.uk IRELAND Bauder Limited O Duffy Centre, Carrickmacross, Co. Monaghan, Ireland T: +353 (0) E: info@bauder.ie bauder.ie