Fire Hazard and Fire Risk Assessment

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2 STP 1150 Fire Hazard and Fire Risk Assessment Marcelo M. Hirschler, editor ASTM Publication Code Number (PCN) ASTM 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103

3 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fire hazard and fire risk assessment/marcelo M. Hirschler, editor. (STP; 1150) Based on papers presented at a symposium held in San Antonio, Tex., on Dec. 3, t 990. "ASTM publication code number (PCN) " Includes bibliographical references. ISBN Fire hazard assessment--congresses. 2. Fire risk assessment-- Congresses. I. Hirschler, M.M. II. Series: ASTM special technical publication; l 150. TH F '22--dc20 CIP Copyright AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS, Philadelphia, PA. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of the publisher. Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS for users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided that the base fee of $2.50 per copy, plus $0.50 per page is paid directly to CCC, 27 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970; (508) For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is /92 $ Peer Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by three peer reviewers. The authors addressed all of the reviewers' comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s) and the ASTM Committee on Publications. The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s), but also the work of these peer reviewers. The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution to time and effort on behalf of ASTM. Printed in Philadelphia, PA June 1992

4 Foreword This publication, Fire Hazard and Fire Risk Assessment, contains papers presented at the symposium of the same name, held in San Antonio, TX on 3 Dec The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee E-5 on Fire Standards. Marcelo M. Hirschler of Safety Engineering Labs in Rocky River, OH presided as symposium chairman and is the editor of the resulting publication.

5 Contents Overview--M. M. HIRSCHLER INTRODUCTION TO FIRE HAZARD AND FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT The Importance of Carbon Monoxide in the Toxicity of Fire Atmospheres-- s. M. DEBANNE, M. M. HIRSCHLER, AND G. L. NELSON Fire Risk Rating Schedules--J. M. WATTS, JR USE OF FIRE TESTS FOR FIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT Evaluating the Hazards of Large Petrochemical Fires--N. R. KELTNER, R. U. ACTON, AND W. GILL 37 Electrical Cable Fire Hazard Assessment with the Cone Calorimeter-- M. M. HIRSCHLER 44 Performance of Plastic Plumbing and Electrical Products in Fire Resistive Assemblies--J. B. Z1CHERMAN 66 FIRE HAZARD ASSESSMENT Fire Hazard Assessment of Composite Materials: The Use and Limitations of Current Hazard Analysis Methodology--P. J. DINENNO AND C. L. BEYLER 87 Fire Engulfment of Pressure-Liquefied Gas Tanks: Experiments and Modeling-- u. K. SUMATHIPALA, G. V. HADJ1SOPHOCLEOUS, N. U. AYDEMIR, C. M. YU, C. M. SOUSA, F. R. STEWARD, AND J. E. S. VENART 100 Development of a Benefit Analysis for an Onboard Aircraft Cabin Water Spray System--R. G, HILL, C. P. SARKOS, AND T. R. MARKER 116 FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT How to Tell Whether What You Have is a Fire Risk Analysis Model--J. R. HALL, JR. 131 Predicting Product Fire Risk: A Review of Four Case Studies--R. w. 8UKOWSKI, S. W. STIEFEL, F. B. CLARKE, 111, AND J. g. HALL, JR. 136 A Reliability Methodology Applied to Halon 1301 Extinguishing Systems in Computer Rooms--J. STECIAK AND R. G. ZALOSH 161 V

6 vi Application of Fire and Explosion Risk Assessment to an LPG Bulk Storage Facility--T. E. BARRY 183 FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT AND BUILDING CODES Risk Assessment and the Design of Fire Safety Systems in Buildings--v. R. BECK, I. R. THOMAS, G. C. RAMSAY, H. MACLENNAN, R. LACEY, P. JOHNSON, AND C. EATON A Fire Risk and Protection Cost Assessment Model for Highrise Apartment Buildings--G. v. HADJISOPHOCLEOUS AND D, YUNG Fire Risk Analysis and Assessment for the Canadian Building Code Assessment Framework--H. KATZIN, M. KHOURY, AND A. ARLANI The Measurement of Building Fire SafetymExample of the Application of an Existing Method for Fire Hazard and Fire Risk Assessment at the Community Levei--c. s. HARVEY

Mathematical Modeling of Fires

Mathematical Modeling of Fires J. R. Mehaffey, editor # Special Technical Publication (STP) 983 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mathematical