Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession: The SFPE Roadmap January 17, 2018

Transcription

1 Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession: The SFPE Roadmap January 17, 2018 SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 1

2 Contents Introduction... 3 Previous Work... 3 Vision for a Research Roadmap... 4 Roadmap Working Group Members... 4 Drafting the Roadmap... 5 Original List of Topics... 5 Workshops... 5 Survey... 6 Industry Input... 6 Roadmap... 6 Theme 1 - Human Behavior... 8 Theme 2 -- Building Fires... 9 Theme 3 -- Resilience/Sustainability Theme 4 -- Fire Service Theme 5 -- Fire Dynamics Theme 6 -- Fire Safety Systems Theme 7 -- Forensics/Investigations Theme 8 -- Wildland Urban Interface Theme 9 -- Non-Building Fires Moving Forward Reference Documents Appendix A Original List of Working Group Topics Appendix B Warsaw Workshop Report Appendix C Denver Workshop Report Appendix D Survey Questions Appendix D Survey Results SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 2

3 Introduction In 2016 SFPE reorganized its committee structure. The purpose of this re-organization was to organize like activities into a more effective structure. A key objective of this reorganization was arranged around professional recognition. As such a new Standing Committee on Research, Tools & Methods (RTM) was charted. The RTM was asked to: Identify, develop, and oversee SFPE s technical products and research work, review new innovations, and help to establish the research agenda for the fire safety engineering profession. As part of the RTM structure, the Subcommittee on Research & Innovation (SCRI) was asked to chart future research priorities for the profession, and work with other groups, companies, and associations to obtain input for, and communicate back, SFPE research priorities and directions for the future. Once this Subcommittee was established, a working group (Roadmap Working Group) was asked to facilitate the development and implementation of a research roadmap for fire safety engineering profession. This report will outline the process implemented by the Roadmap Working Group to develop a roadmap that outlines the research needs for the Fire Safety Engineering profession. Previous Work In 2000 SFPE published the results of a workshop that focused on the needs of the fire protection engineering profession that led to the development of a research agenda [1]. Workshop participants included FPE consultants, industrial facility owners, materials and equipment suppliers, insurance companies, government laboratories and facility operators, code bodies, academics, and the fire service. The objective of the workshop was to identify research needed to develop innovative approaches that could be implemented to reduce direct and indirect fire related costs, improve life safety, improve international competitiveness and facilitate regulatory reform. Four areas were identified as the most urgent need of attention: Fire phenomena Human behavior Risk Data collection The workshop participants agreed that successful development and implementation of the research program required collaborations and partnerships (including with organizations not traditionally involved in fire research); and identification of a champion to advocate the agenda, break down inter-organizational barriers, and oversee and monitor completion of agenda topics. SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 3

4 Similar research agendas were published by the United Foundation Engineering Conference in 2001 [2], [3], the FORUM of Fire Research Laboratory Directors in 2006 [4], [5] and BRANZ [6]. Vision for a Research Roadmap This research roadmap will be the definitive document and will be central to defining the future of SFPEs technical initiatives. At the same time, the main focus of this research roadmap will be on what is needed by practicing fire safety/protection engineers. Its purpose is to serve as a roadmap that will: Be a living document Have a long-term focus on advancing fire safety engineering A means of coordinating research initiatives A basis for forming partnerships with research organizations Act as a bridge between research and practice Become a subtheme of future SFPE conferences Roadmap Working Group Members SFPE would like to thank and acknowledge the following working group members who assisted with the development of this research roadmap: Brian Meacham (Chair of the SFPE Standing Committee on Research, Tools & Methods) Meacham Associates Greg Baker (Chair of the SFPE Subcommittee for Research & Innovation) BRANZ, New Zealand Bryan Hoskins (Group Leader of the Research Roadmap Working Group) OSU Adam Barowy UL David Charters Chartered Fire Engineering, Middle East Albert V. Condello III -- Banda Group Luca Fiorentini TESCA, Italy Jason Floyd JENSEN HUGHES Dan Gorham, NFPA Gavin Horn -- University of Illinois Fire Service Institute Chris LaFleur -- Sandia National Laboratories SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 4

5 James Lords JENSEN HUGHES Guillermo Rein, Imperial College London Aixi Zhou -- UNC Charlotte Amanda Kimball (Special Expert to Working Group) -- NFPA Chris Jelenewicz (SFPE Technical Director) Drafting the Roadmap When the Working Group started the process of developing this roadmap, it was determined that obtaining global feedback and ensuring transparency were keys factors that would enable the success of this roadmap. The Subcommittee originally developed a list of topics (see Appendix A). To ensure transparency and obtaining global feedback the Subcommittee held a series of workshops (see Appendix B and Appendix C) and made presentations to fire safety organizations throughout the world. The Subcommittee also conducted a survey to obtain additional feedback. Over 370 engineers, researchers and educators participated in this survey. Based on this feedback, the Subcommittee formed the content of the roadmap. Original List of Topics To get the process started, the Subcommittee completed a brainstorming session to develop an original list of possible topics to be included in the roadmap. This list can be found in Appendix A. Workshops SFPE Performance-Based Design Conference in Warsaw, Poland. On May 26, 2016 a workshop was held in Warsaw Poland as part of the SFPE 11 th International Conference on Performance-Based Design Codes and Fire Safety Design Methods. During this workshop the vision of the roadmap was discussed and the original list of topics outlined by the working group was prioritized. The full report from this workshop can be found in Appendix B. SFPE North America Conference in Denver, Colorado. On September 28, 2016 a workshop was held in Denver as part of the 2016 SFPE North America Conference and Expo. During this workshop participants identified three areas of concern: a) Fire Service, b) Developing Countries and c) Structures in Fire. The participants in this workshop provided important feedback related to these three topics. The full report from this workshop can be found in Appendix C. SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 5

6 12th International Symposium on Fire Safety Science in Lund, Sweden. In June 2017, a workshop Better Linking Fire Safety Science and Fire Safety Engineering Research Priorities for Fire Safety Engineering was held at the 12th IAFSS Symposium at Lund University in Sweden [7]. The aim of this workshop was to bring fire scientists and engineers together to better understand what research is needed in support of fire safety engineering. The outcomes from this workshop were considered by the Roadmap Working Group and worked into the research roadmap. A separate workshop related to Large Outdoor Fires and the Built Environment was also held at the 12 th IAFSS Symposium [8]. As an outcome from this workshop, Working Group members added a section on wildland urban interface (WUI) fires [8]. Survey In October 2016 the Subcommittee engaged the fire safety engineering community in a three-question survey. The survey asked the participants to their feedback on the original list of research topics. Participants were also asked to prioritize the list of topics. The survey questions can be found in Appendix D. Over 370 engineers, researchers and educators participated in this survey. The survey results can be found in Appendix E. Industry Input Throughout the process additional feedback was obtained by making presentations at the following events: November 2, SFPE Asia Oceana Chapters Coordinating Group (AOCCG) in Taipei Taiwan March 22, SFPE Middle East Conference in Dubai UAE April 18, 2017 NEMA Fire, Life Safety, Security and Emergency Communication Section Meeting in Santa Fe, New Mexico April 26, Fire Suppression Systems Association (FSSA) Technical Committee Meeting Roadmap Based on this feedback from the workshops, survey and industry, the Subcommittee formed the content of the roadmap. The Subcommittee wanted the roadmap to be graphically represented, as opposed to one that is part of a large report that users may not take time to read. Therefore, the roadmap was represented as a matrix (See Table 1), which outlines nine major themes (represented in the vertical axis of Table 1. For each theme, four cells (horizontal axis) are provided that relate to tools, applications, and methods applicable to the practice of fire safety engineering. Specifically, the SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 6

7 research needs related to data; innovative technology/materials, design tools, and risk/probabilistic methods are represented as individual cells for each theme. Table 1: SFPE Roadmap Matrix For each cell in the matrix, a set of research topics is recommended. The listings for each cell based on each theme can be found below. Additionally, the Subcommittee looked at different prioritization schemes to highlight research topics that should receive the highest priority. During these discussions, the Subcommittee decided to provide a prioritized topic for each theme and one priority per cell. Once again, the Subcommittee used its judgment on the prioritization of topics based on the input collected from the global workshops and the survey. For each theme, the following research topics were identified. Items highlighted in RED are identified as the highest priority for each theme. Items highlighted in BOLD are identified as the highest priority for each cell. List of Acronyms BIM Building Information Modeling CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics ESS Emergency Storage System SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 7

8 FP Fire Protection IoT Internet of Things ITM Inspection, Testing and Maintenance LED Light Emitting Diode PBD Performance-Based Design PPE Personal Protective Equipment PV -- Photovoltaic WUI Wildland Urban Interface Theme 1 - Human Behavior Theme Priority: Demographics (Vulnerable populations, Anthropometry, Cultural differences) -- Data Secondary Priorities: Smart Egress Systems Innovative Technology/Materials Design Egress Scenarios Design Tools Residential Buildings Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Data Demographics o Vulnerable populations o Anthropometry o Cultural differences Basis for numbers in codes Response to notification Innovative Technology/ Materials Smart egress systems o Cameras o Cell phones o Exit usage o Other LED strobes Occupant evacuation elevators Design Tools Design egress scenarios Behavior based models o Cultural o Pre-evacuation o time Actions other than evacuating Combined fire and evacuation models Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Residential buildings Large populations Community level High challenge environments Quantify level of life safety in a building Effects of fire o Visibility o Gases Impact of public education on fire risk SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 8

9 Theme 2 -- Building Fires Theme Priority: Standardization of Design Fires and Analysis Approaches Design Tools Secondary Priorities: Combustibility of External Cladding Systems -- Data Building Information Modeling Innovative Technology/Materials High-rise Building Design Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Data Combustibility of external cladding systems Fire loads for structural fire engineering Material testing data (new materials) Effectiveness of existing/new fire safety solutions Quantification of building code performance criteria Innovative Technology/ Materials Building information modeling Smart buildings Big data Improved test methods Design Tools Standardization of design fires and analysis approaches Best practices for retrofitting existing buildings to achieve equivalent level of safety Risk/Probabilistic Approaches High-rise building design Risk informed PBD Single family homes Risk assessment/management systems Structural FP performance SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 9

10 Theme 3 -- Resilience/Sustainability Theme Priority: Environmental Impact of Fire and Fire Suppression Activities -- Data Secondary Priorities: Assess Fire Hazard of New Sustainable Building Materials/Practices Innovative Technology/Materials Development of Design Tools/Best Practices for Fire Safety Engineering for Resilient Systems/Buildings Design Tools Development of Risk-Based Analysis to Compare Hazards of Fire to Long Term Health Impacts of Fire Mitigation Measures Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Data Environmental impact of fire and fire suppression activities Cost of fire events Cost/benefit of different types and multiple levels of FP measures Environmental impact of fire testing Quantification of structural fire resilience Flame retardant toxicity Innovative Technology/ Materials Assess fire hazard of new sustainable building materials/practices Identify/quantify sustainability benefits of smoke control systems & natural ventilation Evaluate fire hazards of new sustainable energy technologies Evaluate fire hazards of flammable refrigerants Life expectancy of installed fire protection systems Determine appropriate suppression systems for new technologies Design Tools Development of design tools/best practices for fire safety engineering for resilient systems/buildings Analysis of impact of climate change on fire safety Cost effective and resilient FP practices for developing countries Post-fire seismic behavior Identification of critical fire protection aspects for disaster reliability Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Development of risk based analysis to compare hazards of fire to long term health impacts of fire mitigation measures Risk and reliability based methods for ITM of fire protection systems o Preventative and predictive maintenance o Human impact on ITM reliability o Reliability of water supplies o Reliability of installed equipment SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 10

11 Theme 4 -- Fire Service Theme Priority: Smart Firefighting Innovative Technology/Materials Secondary Priorities: Exposure Tracking From Incidents -- Data Model Fire Department Response Design Tools Evolving Building Technology and Fire Suppression Tactics Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Data Exposure tracking from incidents Data driven fire inspection scheduling Improved injury, holistic fatality data collection and economic analysis Impact of WUI on fire service Naturally occurring events o Rate, severity o Fire as a secondary impact Innovative Technology/ Materials Smart firefighting o IoT integration o Mechanical augmentation o Fire department communication with BIM o Firefighter tracking and location Automated, quantifiable exposure monitoring Firefighting PPE and tools o Firefighting and fire apparatus cameras for investigation /debrief Design Tools Model fire department response leading to better models of o Reverse evacuation o Egress / ingress o Duration of water for FP systems o Structural collapse o Firefighter response recreation & training aids Compare / contrast tactics internationally to. determine impact of firefighting / construction differences on fire growth / severity Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Evolving building technology and fire suppression tactics (i.e. effect of smoke / heat ventilation during firefighting tactics) Fire fighter injuries o Effect of understaffed apparatus on individual personnel o Fire ground safety o Long term exposures on individual personnel Effect of firefighting interventions on occupant risk New vehicle technology and fire suppression tactics Lessons learned to reduce risks in developing countries Tactics and training for emerging technologies SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 11

12 Theme 5 -- Fire Dynamics Theme Priority: Practical Models Design Tools Secondary Priorities: Material Properties -- Data Standardized/Accepted Approach for Developing Material Properties Innovative Technology/Materials Ignition Frequencies Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Data Material properties Fire dynamics of large compartments Test data archiving Model stewardship Toxicity data Sprinkler data Innovative Technology/ Materials Standardized / accepted approach for developing material properties Retardant behavior Massively parallel computing Mesoscale Extreme ambient conditions Design Tools Practical models for: o Pyrolysis of complex materials o Extinction & reignition o Sprinkler suppression o Underventilated combustion o Glass breakage o Human consequences o Deflagrations / detonations Realism in test standards Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Ignition frequencies Probabilistic distributions of heat release rate curves Fire spread models Fire frequencies SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 12

13 Theme 6 -- Fire Safety Systems Theme Priority: Impact of ITM Requirements on System Reliability -- Data Secondary Priorities: Integrated FP Systems and Building Connectivity Innovative Technology/Materials Corrosion Protection Design Best Practices Design Tools Adequacy of Passive Fire Resistive Construction Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Data Impact of ITM requirements on system reliability FP systems performance data Evaluation of new and existing active FP systems efficacy o Suppression of unique and emerging hazards o System design criteria o Smoke control system Evaluation of passive FP systems efficacy Evaluation of durability of FP systems Gaseous fire suppression systems applied to high air flow environments Innovative Technology/ Materials Integrated FP systems and building connectivity Efficacy of detection, alarm, communication systems Protection of storage o Automated o High challenge Reliability of detection/ alarm/communication o False positives o Failure on demand o Failure modes due to extreme environments Design Tools Corrosion protection design best practices Guidelines on suppression effectiveness at various heights FP System design o Atrium protection and modeling o Smoke control systems o Passive FP system design and test methods Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Adequacy of passive fire resistive construction Evaluation of o Smoke control systems impact on reduction of risk of losses o Adequacy of passive fire resistive construction o Effectiveness of fire stop installation by multiple trades versus certified technicians o Life quality indices to assess FP performance Reliability of o Water supplies o Suppression systems failure modes, aging and complex systems Relationship between safety, security and routine operations Matching reliability of installed systems with risk assessment SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 13

14 Theme 7 -- Forensics/Investigations Theme Priority: Improved Guidance for Quantifying Measurement and Calculation Uncertainty Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Secondary Priorities: Persistence of Burn Patterns Under Different Compartment Fire Conditions -- Data Improved Tools for Obtaining Building Dimensions from Photographs and Videos Innovative Technology/Materials Improved Software to Create Multiple-Source Dynamic Event Timelines Design Tools Data Persistence of burn patterns under different compartment fire conditions Building material properties as inputs for fire models Fire effects on building electrical systems/components Evaluation of incident heat flux profiles from non-standard fuels Damage resulting from heat radiation and blast waves on buildings, industrial assets, etc. Digital recordings of distributed control systems and programmable logic controllers Digital data collection (black boxes) Status and data related to availability of FP measures during event Innovative Technology/ Materials Improved tools for obtaining building dimensions and fire sizes from photographs and video Use of cloud based home/consumer devices to pinpoint fire origin Linking of 3D scanning technology with computer fire models\ Overview of large scenes from drones Data mining to identify chemical process deviations Methods to preserve evidence Tools to extract data from digital sources Design Tools Improved software to create multiple-source dynamic event timelines Tools to evaluate impact of ventilation on compartment fires Simulation tools to recreate process conditions in chemical plants Advanced calculation methods to evaluate hypothesis Tools to estimate damage effects Virtual reality / augmented reality to describe and test scenarios Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Improved guidance for quantifying measurement and calculation uncertainty Repeatability of fire test measurements Root cause analysis methods and tools Causes and causal mechanism analysis Human error assessment methods and tools SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 14

15 Theme 8 -- Wildland Urban Interface Theme Priority: Risk Assessment for WUI Structures Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Secondary Priorities: Impact of Firebrands -- Data Building Fire Protection in WUI Innovative Technology/Materials Design Against Exterior Building Fires Design Tools Data Impact of firebrands Fire hazard identification and quantification Ignition of WUI materials Fire behavior and fire spread Emissions and health effects Fire ecology and long-term effect Data to support WUI codes and standards Innovative Technology/ Materials Building fire protection in WUI Wildland/WUI fire damage mitigation Warning and notification Remote sensing and communications Design Tools Design against exterior building fires Wildland/WUI fire modeling Firebrand ignition prevention Fire behavior prediction tools Resilience design tools Landscape planning tools Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Risk assessment of WUI structures Risk of combustible fuels in WUI/wildland Assessment of risk, effectiveness, and economics SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 15

16 Theme 9 -- Non-Building Fires Theme Priority: Energy Storage Innovative Technology/Materials Secondary Priorities: Data for Hazard Identification/Reliability/Severity/Frequency (Industrial) -- Data Product Safety Standards Design Tools Improved Identification of High Risk Industrial Facilities Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Data Data for hazard identification/reliability /severity/frequency (industrial) Alternative energy generation PV installation fire spread Petrochemical fire incident frequency Causes of vehicle fires Innovative Technology/ Materials Energy Storage o Containment for new products/damaged products o Higher reliability manufacturing/more resilient product design o Safer energy storage chemistries o New inspection techniques o Self-monitoring of equipment o Safe transportation Improvements to petrochemical equipment safety Tunnel fire suppression Design Tools Product safety standards Installation Standards o ESS o Oil/gas drilling CFD fire models (tunnels/underground, tank fires Design considering first responders (ESS, vehicles, tunnels) Heat transfer models for energy storage cell design Tunnel evacuation/fire models Models for use in siting and design of tank farms Tunnel design fires Risk/Probabilistic Approaches Improved identification of high risk industrial facilities Improvement of risk management practices at chemical facilities Moving Forward The Subcommittee prepared a communication strategy to promote the roadmap with the fire safety engineering community and research organizations. This communication strategy includes a) coordinating the roadmap with the SFPE Foundation, b) making presentations at international fire safety engineering conferences, c) having articles published in fire safety publications, d) publicizing on social media sites, e) engagement with funding organizations and f) targeting research providers. Additionally, the Subcommittee will continue to update the roadmap based on the changes in the industry and the latest trends in the fire safety engineering profession. SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 16

17 Reference Documents [1] SFPE, "A Research Agenda for Fire Protection Engineering," SFPE, Bethesda, MD, [2] J. Snell, "TOWARDS A GLOBAL AGENDA FOR FIRE RESEARCH," NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, [3] J. Snell, "Towards Engineered Fire Safety: A Global Research Strategy for the 21st Century," NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, [4] W. Grosshandler, "Forum Workshop on Establishing the Scientific Foundation for Performance- Based Fire Codes," NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, December [5] W. Grosshandler, "A Research Agenda for the Next Generation of Perfromance-Based Design Tools," NIST, Gaitehrsburg, MD, [6] "Societal Impact of Buiding Fires: The Reduction of Social, Econmic and Environmental Impacts of Fires in New Zealand. Can be found at: f1e1c [7] B. Mecham, "12th IAFSS Workshop Minutes Better Linking Fire Safety Science and Fire Safety Engineering Research Priorities for Fire Safety Engineering. 11 June 2017," Unpublished Report, Lund, Sweden, [8] S. Manzello, "Summary of Workshop Large Outdoor Fires and the Built Environment," NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 17

18 Appendix A Original List of Working Group Topics The following is the original list of research topics that was drafted by the Roadmap Working Group in May, 2016: 1. Structures in fire a. Tall timber buildings 2. Human behaviour 3. Environmental protection and sustainability a. Tall timber buildings b. Hazards of new building materials c. Batteries and energy storage d. PV arrays e. Impact of fire on the environment f. Eco-impact of FP g. Toxicity of fire retardants 4. Big data and FP a. Smart fire fighting b. Smart buildings c. Smart enforcement 5. Economic impact of fire a. Value of Fire Departments to community b. Cost/benefit of proposed code/standards changes 6. Demographics a. Aging population b. Mobility c. Accessibility d. Aging in place and home healthcare 7. Health and wellbeing of FS personnel a. Risk of cancer 8. Resiliency a. Reliability of FP Systems 9. Wildland fires 10. Tunnels and underground FP 11. Risk management 12. Models a. Things that models can t do today 13. Data a. Gaps in the Data b. Data accessibility 14. Fire Protection Systems a. Smoke Detection Nuisance b. New system technologies (i.e. O2 reduction) c. Reliability of systems/aging of systems SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 18

19 Appendix B Warsaw Workshop Report SFPE Subcommittee on Research & Innovation Report from Fire Safety Engineering Research Agenda Workshop Warsaw, Poland May 2016 Present: Greg Baker (SCRI, Chair), Mike Crowley, Luca Fiorentini, Mike Madden, Milosh Puchovsky, Piotr Tofilo, Christopher Wieczorek, Brain Meacham (RTM Chair), Nicole Boston (Staff) and Chris Jelenewicz (Staff). The following items were discussed: Welcome: Greg Baker welcomed the workshop participants. He indicated the purpose of the workshop is to provide data to the SFPE Subcommittee on Research & Innovation (SCRI) that is tasked with developing a research agenda for the fire protection engineering profession. SFPEs Vision: Brian Meacham made a presentation on SFPEs vision in the area of research, tools and methods. He indicated SFPE recently reorganized its committee structure. The purpose of this reorganization was to organize like activities into a more effective structure. A key objective of this reorganization was arranged around professional recognition. The Research, Tools & Methods Committee (RTM) is working on defining the information and knowledge the profession needs and where should it reside. Specifically, the RTM is managing SFPEs Intellectual property In the early 2000s SFPE, the United Foundation, and FORUM of Fire Research Laboratory Directors all developed research agendas. Currently, several research agendas have been published. Specifically, he indicated the research agenda should ask the following questions: Where do we need to advance to help our profession advance? What are the topics where we should be directing the research community? What do we need to support education and competency? Subcommittee s Vision: Greg Baker presented his vision for the SCRI. He indicated that the research agenda will be a living document and have a long-term focus. Moreover, the research agenda will be the definitive document that will be central to defining the future of SFPEs technical initiatives. He indicated the main focus of the research agenda will always be on what is needed by practicing fire safety/protection engineers and will serve as a road-map that will a) coordinate future SFPE research initiatives, b) serves as a means to form partnership with research providers, c) act as a bridge between research & practice and d) serve as a guide for subthemes for future SFPE conferences. In March 2016 the SCRI held its first meeting. During this meeting three working groups were formed: Scope Working Group will define the subcommittee s scope. SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 19

20 Roadmap Working Group will develop the plan for the research agenda. Workshop Working Group will plan any workshops. Proposed List of Research Topics: Greg noted that the SCRI Roadmap Working group brainstormed a list of possible research topics to include in the research agenda. The purpose of this list was to provide a means to start discussion. 1. Structures in fire a. Tall timber buildings 2. Human behaviour 3. Environmental protection and sustainability a. Tall timber buildings b. Hazards of new building materials c. Batteries and energy storage d. PV arrays e. Impact of fire on the environment f. Eco-impact of FP g. Toxicity of fire retardants 4. Big data and FP a. Smart fire fighting b. Smart buildings c. Smart enforcement 5. Economic impact of fire does not have a direct impact on FSE design a. Value of Fire Depts to community does not have a direct impact on FSE design b. Cost/benefit of proposed code/standards changes 6. Demographics a. Aging population b. Mobility c. Accessibility d. Aging in place and home healthcare 7. Health and wellbeing of FS personnel a. Risk of cancer 8. Resiliency a. Reliability of FP Systems 9. Wildland fires 10. Tunnels and underground FP 11. Risk management 12. Models a. Things that models can t do today 13. Data a. Gaps in the Data b. Data accessibility 14. FP Systems a. Smoke Detection Nuisance b. New system technologies (i.e. O2 reduction) c. Reliability of systems/aging of systems The workshop participants were asked if any important topics where missing from the original list. The following topics where suggested: SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 20

21 Fire initiation & Development (fire dynamics) V&V methods/models Acceptance criteria Correlations that are used by engineers Guidance on simple vs complex tools for fire safety engineers Toxicity Fire service operations Risk informed PBD Industrial fire protection BIM Fire test methods linked to a usable data Applying technology to the practice of FSE Tools for emerging countries Prioritization Exercise: Following the generating of topics, Greg Baker led the workshop participants through a prioritization exercise. Each participant was asked to prioritize 3 to 5 topics from both of the above lists. The following is the results of this exercise: Prioritization Exercise Results Risk Informed PBD 5 Human Behavior 5 Data 4 Environment 3 Fire Dynamics 3 Resiliency 3 Validation 3 Demographics 2 Fire Protection Systems 2 Guidance on the use of tools 2 New Test Methods 2 Tools for other countries 2 Big Data 1 Industrial FP 1 Models - 1 SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 21

22 Additionally, the workshop participants were asked if any of the topics should not be included on the list. The participants recommended that the item related to the risk of cancer and the economic impact of fire be deleted from the list. Final Thoughts: Greg Baker indicated that the information from this workshop will be reviewed by the SCRI. He also indicated he will ask the subcommittee to ensure that anything that is part of the research agenda should link to the profession of fire safety engineering. End of Report SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 22

23 Appendix C Denver Workshop Report SFPE Subcommittee on Research & Innovation Report from Fire Safety Engineering Research Agenda Workshop The following were in attendance: Denver, Colorado September 2016 Bryan Hoskins (SFPE Subcommittee for Research & Innovation) Oklahoma State University Karen Carpenter SWRI Kenneth Fuglee -- Ken Fuglee & Assoc., Inc. Grant Gebhardt -- AMEC Foster Wheeler Dan Goldberg -- Incandescence Life Safety Brian Grove ATF Steve Gwynne -- NRC JC Harrington -- FM Global Aoife Hunt -- AECOM Nils Johansson -- LUND University, Sweden Vanessa Lung -- U.S. Airforce Jeremy McDonald SWRI Tony Militello -- U.S. Navy Patrick Phelan DMFD Guillermo Rein -- Imperial College London Michael Strömgren -- SP Bob Till CUNY Carl Wren -- City of Austin, TX Julie Bryant SFPE Staff Chris Jelenewicz SFPE Staff Welcome: Chris Jelenewicz welcomed the workshop participants. The purpose of the workshop is to provide data to the SFPE Subcommittee on Research & Innovation (SCRI) that was tasked with developing a research agenda for the fire protection engineering profession. SFPEs Vision: Chris also discussed SFPEs vision in the area of research, tools and methods. He indicated SFPE recently reorganized its committee structure. The purpose of this re-organization was to organize like activities into a more effective structure. The Research, Tools & Methods Committee (RTM) is working on defining the information and knowledge the profession needs. The Subcommittee for Research & Innovation that is part of the RTM will publish a research roadmap for the profession. Specifically, this roadmap will: Be a living document Have a long-term focus on advancing fire safety engineering Central to informing future of SFPE A means of coordinating research initiatives A basis for forming partnerships with research organizations Act as a bridge between research and practice Become a subtheme of future SFPE conferences SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 23

24 Previous Subcommittee Activities: One of the Subcommittee s goals is to get as much feedback as possible from the global fire safety engineering community and make the process transparent with the SFPE membership. To accomplish this goal, the Subcommittee has already held a similar workshop in Warsaw as part of the SFPE conference in May Additionally, the Subcommittee has initiated a survey that will be open until October 20, 2016 that can be found at The roadmap will also be discussed at an upcoming ISO TC92/SC04 meeting in October 2016 and at the SFPE Asia Oceania Chapters Coordinating Group meeting in November Subcommittee member David Charters will also be making a presentation at the SFPE Dubai Conference in March Proposed List of Research Topics: Bryan Hoskins moderated the workshop. He presented the following list of possible research topics that was originally brainstormed by the Subcommittee and adjusted based on the feedback from the Warsaw Workshop: 1. Applying technology to the practice of fire safety engineering (Examples: building information modeling, data) 2. Big data and fire protection (Examples: smart fire fighting, smart buildings, smart enforcement for communities) 3. Changing demographics and impact on fire safety (Examples: aging population, mobility, accessibility, aging in place and home healthcare) 4. Data used in fire safety engineering (Examples: gaps in the data, data accessibility) 5. Economic impact of fire (Examples: cost of fire events, value of fire departments to community, cost/benefit of proposed changes/additions to code and standards) 6. Environmental protection and sustainability and impact on fire safety (Examples: tall timber buildings, hazards of new sustainable building materials, batteries and energy storage, PV arrays, impact of fire on the environment, eco-impact of fire protection, toxicity of fire retardants) 7. Fire initiation and development (Example: fire dynamics, hazards of new materials (e.g. combustible facades), toxicity) 8. Health and safety of fire service personnel and first responders (Example: risk of cancer, advances in personal protective equipment, new hazards and fire fighting) 9. Human behavior in fire 10. Industrial fire protection 11. Informing fire service operations (Examples: tactics for new hazards) 12. Methods used in fire safety engineering (Examples: validation and verification of methods, acceptance criteria, correlations used by engineers, guidance on tools for fire safety engineers, tools for emerging countries, fire test methods) 13. Models used in fire safety engineering (Examples: things that models cannot do today, verification and validation of models) 14. Performance of fire protection systems (Examples: smoke detection nuisance, new system technologies (e.g. O2 reduction), reliability of systems/aging of systems) 15. Resiliency and role of fire protection (Examples: fire safety engineering for resilient systems/buildings, reliability of fire protection systems) 16. Risk and fire safety engineering (Examples: risk informed performance based design, risk management) 17. Structures in fire (Examples: tall timber buildings, high rise buildings) 18. Tunnels and underground fire protection 19. Wildland fires The workshop participants were asked if any important topics where missing from the above list or if anything should be deleted? To answer this question, the workshop participants were divided into five groups. The feedback from these group discussions is outlined in Appendix #1. SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 24

25 Final Exercise: Based on the discussions during the workshop, it appeared there was confusion regarding three topic areas: a) Fire Service, b) Developing Countries and c) Structures in Fire. It was decided that the workshop participants would be placed in three groups based on the above topic areas. Each group was asked to list items that should be discussed in the associated topic areas. The results of these discussions are listed in Appendix B. Final Thoughts: Bryan indicated that the information from this workshop will be reviewed by the SCRI as it builds the roadmap and thanked the participants for their input. End of Report SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 25

26 Appendix D Survey Questions The following questions were asked in the survey that was issued in October, 2016: 1. An initial list of fire safety engineering research topics have been developed. Please review and provide up to three additional research topics that may be missing from this list: a. Applying technology to the practice of fire safety engineering (Examples: building information modeling, data) b. Big data and fire protection (Examples: smart fire fighting, smart buildings, smart enforcement for communities) c. Changing demographics and impact on fire safety (Examples: aging population, mobility, accessibility, aging in place and home healthcare) d. Data used in fire safety engineering (Examples: gaps in the data, data accessibility) e. Economic impact of fire (Examples: cost of fire events, value of fire departments to community, cost/benefit of proposed changes/additions to code and standards) f. Environmental protection and sustainability and impact on fire safety (Examples: tall timber buildings, hazards of new sustainable building materials, batteries and energy storage, PV arrays, impact of fire on the environment, eco-impact of fire protection, toxicity of fire retardants) g. Fire initiation and development (Example: fire dynamics, hazards of new materials (e.g. combustible facades), toxicity) h. Health and safety of fire service personnel and first responders (Example: risk of cancer, advances in personal protective equipment, new hazards and fire fighting) i. Human behaviour in fire j. Industrial fire protection k. Informing fire service operations (Examples: tactics for new hazards) l. Methods used in fire safety engineering (Examples: validation and verification of methods, acceptance criteria, correlations used by engineers, guidance on tools for fire safety engineers, tools for emerging countries, fire test methods) m. Models used in fire safety engineering (Examples: things that models cannot do today, verification and validation of models) n. Performance of fire protection systems (Examples: smoke detection nuisance, new system technologies (e.g. O2 reduction), reliability of systems/aging of systems) o. Resiliency and role of fire protection (Examples: fire safety engineering for resilient systems/buildings, reliability of fire protection systems) p. Risk and fire safety engineering (Examples: risk informed performance based design, risk management) q. Structures in fire (Examples: tall timber buildings, high rise buildings) r. Tunnels and underground fire protection s. Wildland fires t. Other (as specified by respondent) u. Other (as specified by respondent) v. Other (as specified by respondent) SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 26

27 2. Based on the list of research needs, please choose your top five research priorities in fire safety engineering (FSE) and rank each of them from 1 to 5 (with one having the highest priority) using the table below. Priority Ranking (from 1 to 5). Please select up to 5 topics. Topics a) Applying technology to the practice of FSE b) Big data and fire protection c) Changing demographics and impact on fire safety d) Data used in FSE e) Economic impact of fire f) Environmental protection and sustainability and impact on fire safety g) Fire initiation and development h) Health and safety of fire service personnel and first responders i) Human behaviour in fire j) Industrial fire protection k) Informing fire service operations l) Methods used in FSE m) Models used in FSE n) Performance of fire protection systems o) Resiliency and role of fire protection p) Risk and fire safety engineering q) Structures in fire r) Tunnels and underground fire protection s) Wildland fires 3. Please let us know any other thoughts that you have related to the research needs of fire safety engineering. 4. What is your profession? a. Fire protection or fire safety engineer b. Fire service c. Insurer or loss control professional d. Fire marshal, building official, or other Authority Having Jurisdiction/enforcer e. Professor, researcher, or academic f. Fire protection system designer, installer, or maintainer g. Fire protection manufacturer h. Fire protection/fire research student i. Other (please specify) SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 27

28 Appendix D Survey Results Question 1 1st Additional Topic Date Use of BIM in fire protection design and modeling 11/13/ :50 PM Fire behavior of concrete with RCA 11/7/2016 2:04 AM Fire investigation source data documentation standardization 11/3/ :39 PM Climate change and impact on fire safety 11/2/2016 3:48 PM Sustainability Building Design and Fire Protection Systems 10/29/2016 6:59 PM Inspection, Maintenance & Testing of fire protection systems in the 21st century (methods needed for today's concerns like water water shortage) 10/27/2016 2:23 PM Burn patterns and fire damage 10/26/2016 3:04 PM Large assembly buildings (stadia, transport interchanges...etc.) 10/26/2016 9:55 AM Industrial - Special hazard fixed suppression systems 10/25/ :53 PM Means of egress 10/24/2016 2:54 PM smoke control system design 10/24/2016 2:15 PM New fire suppressants (if not in 14) 10/24/ :48 PM Reduction of unwanted alarms 10/24/2016 9:26 AM Manual Fire Fighting Systems, Procedures, and Training 10/21/2016 5:15 PM The importance of municipal water supplies in automatic sprinkler system designs. 10/20/2016 2:09 PM Actual field failure and reliability data collection that then drives a reliability and risk base model for conducting inspections 10/20/ :51 PM Validate existing sprinkler design criteria 10/20/ :20 AM Fire protection for commercial space ports/launch facilities 10/20/2016 8:18 AM Radiant heat exposure/damage to equipment and structures 10/20/2016 6:46 AM research data access from central focal point 10/20/2016 6:33 AM Relationship between safety, security and routine operations. 10/19/2016 5:00 PM SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 28

29 Open cast mining protection 10/19/2016 2:19 PM Fire Protection Lifecycle (pre, during, and post incident) 10/19/ :38 AM Train car evacuation 10/19/2016 9:37 AM Effects / impacts of lightweight timber construction 10/19/2016 9:25 AM Database of HHRs for fuels such as baled cardboard, etc. 10/19/2016 9:16 AM Fire Safety in Facade design 10/19/2016 3:39 AM Cost/benefit of different fire protection systems Example: sprinkler system versus higher fire resistance 10/19/2016 2:51 AM Risk Based Revision of Fire Codes - updating, revising and deleting code clauses so codes reflect current risk not past ones 10/18/ :34 PM 1 10/18/2016 8:47 PM IOT(Internet of things) in fire systems 10/18/2016 7:44 PM The use of aerial photography for scene evaluation 10/18/2016 5:51 PM Industrial Fire Protection in terms of land-use and set back distances 10/18/2016 5:37 PM Combustible loading in fire prevention 10/18/2016 4:41 PM None 10/18/2016 3:50 PM Education of "non engineer" fire safety professional 10/18/2016 3:28 PM Environmental impact of fire 10/18/2016 2:48 PM Performance of penetration seals in fire barriers 10/18/2016 2:04 PM structures in fire 10/18/2016 1:31 PM Impact of energy saving measures to fire safety level (i.e. better insulating houses, triple glass, etc.) 10/18/2016 1:29 PM For Topic 14, add the effect of temps lower than -60F on notification and detection devices, and suppression systems. Those temps (down to -90F) are frequent in arctic, and Antarctic environments. In such environments, losing a facility to fire and emergency monitoring does mean life or death. Such remote areas are not recoverable or accessible until a very small "summer" window. Reliability is priceless for such sites, once occupied. 10/18/2016 1:27 PM Statistical Database for industrial equipment fire cause and effect (i.e. electrical MCC fire cause, hydraulic system fire cause) 10/18/2016 1:16 PM Changing demographics 10/18/ :05 PM Water supplies - reliability 10/18/ :25 AM Fire pump performance / reliability as a function of real world installation practices 10/18/ :52 AM SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 29

30 Reliability of humans in performing inspection, testing, maintenance and repairs of fire protection systems. 10/18/ :44 AM Fire safety and security 10/18/ :26 AM The deleterious effect of permitting all sub trades to perform fire stopping work, instead of having one firestop contractor do all fire stopping in a building. 10/18/ :16 AM Fire hazard characterization in non-terrestrial environments 10/18/ :13 AM Water Spray Systems used for vapor mitigation on flammable gas/liquid storage tanks 10/18/ :11 AM Not just wildland fires, but Urban-Interface Wildland Fires 10/18/ :02 AM Home/Commercial Energy Systems (i.e. Tesla Battery Packs) 10/18/2016 9:59 AM Installation Documentation and Records 10/18/2016 9:49 AM Fire Data Trends - comb through actual fire data to provide unbiased data (e.g., benefits/costs of home sprinklers) 10/18/2016 9:48 AM Difference on fire protection approach between the countries 10/18/2016 9:45 AM Extinguishing hydrocarbon pool files 10/18/2016 9:34 AM Passive fire protection 10/18/2016 9:26 AM Determine heat release rates (HRR) of industrial fire ignition sources, i.e., electrical motors, electrical cabinets, ordinary combustibles, transformers, batteries, etc. 10/18/2016 9:24 AM Using "Lessons Learned" as a research tool 10/18/2016 9:17 AM Performance Basis Alternative Techniques Used for Building Code Requirements 10/18/2016 9:15 AM Use actual fire departments to validate new molding and tactics FDNY & others? 10/18/2016 9:13 AM Environmental Concerns when using suppression agents 10/18/2016 8:59 AM Fire Service Operations in ASRS and Warehouse Ventilation (these are not new hazards as in #11 but needs to be addressed. Insurance industry has had several recent major losses due to ventilation at large warehouses and premature closing of sprinkler valves) 10/18/2016 8:58 AM Lifetime of installed fire protection systems 10/18/2016 8:57 AM impulse spray fire protection systems 10/18/2016 8:56 AM Analysis of computation and design software for fluid delivery time calculations of dry pipe sprinkler systems, grate nozzle foam suppression systems, and other such systems. 10/18/2016 8:52 AM high rise buildings fire protection new technologies 10/18/2016 8:46 AM Structures in fire 10/18/2016 8:02 AM SFPE: Research Needs for the Fire Safety Engineering Profession 30