Fire Safety in Tall Building: Performance-Based Solutions. Chris Jelenewicz, P.E., FSFPE

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2 Fire Safety in Tall Building: Performance-Based Solutions Chris Jelenewicz, P.E., FSFPE

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6 Kingdom Tower -- Jeddah

7 Central Park Tower

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9 Philadelphia, PA One Meridian Plaza February 23, 1991

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11 SFPE/ICC Guide Partnership SFPE/ICC Does Not Define Tall Building Not a substitute for a Building Code Identifies challenges & provides inside on how to address in PBD context

12 Challenges Emergency Egress Fire Resistance Smoke Control Suppression Facades Construction/Demo First Responder Issues

13 Other Challenges in Guide International Practices Hazard & Risk Analysis Integration of Building Systems System Reliability Detection & Alarm Commissioning

14 Why PBD? Evaluate designs of fire protection measures to achieve stated objectives Support alternatives to prescriptivebased code requirements Evaluate the building fire safety as a whole Prescriptive codes can stifle innovation

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17 Design Fire Scenario Standard (under development) Couples: Scenario Design Fire Acceptance Criteria

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20 Design Fires

21 Estimate Fire Growth Rate

22 Evacuation Strategy Simultaneous Phased/Progressive Refuge Floors/Areas Sky Bridges Evacuation Elevators Combinations

23 Based-On Egress Goals Occupants Characteristics Building Characteristics Evacuation Scenarios Emergency Management Personnel

24 Simultaneous Evacuation Popular After 9/11 Discharge? Stairs Only? No preference to those in danger High demand on stairs Other Emergencies Assessment of Total Evacuation Systems for Tall Buildings (NFPA Foundation)

25 Phased/Progressive Evacuation Local Regulations Information Age Difficult Efficient Use of Stairs Evacuate Those in Danger First Not Good for All Emergencies

26 Refuge Floors

27 Refuge Floors in Hong Kong Refuge Floor Floors Fire Separations 50% of Floor Dedicated to Refuge Fire Safety Strategies for Supertall Buildings in Hong Kong, W.K. Chow, Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat

28 The Strand-42 floors 500 West 43rd Street February 2014-NYC York, NY

29 Protect in Place Refuge Areas Residential Occupant Response During a Residential Highrise Fire, CRC Canada, Guylène Proulx

30 Sky Bridge -- Petronas Towers

31 Evacuation Elevators Model Codes Have Provisions Access for Disabled Protection (Shaft, Machine Room) Smoke Control Back-up Power Communication NIST Report -- The Use of Elevators for Evacuation in Fire Emergencies in International Buildings

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36 Fire Resistance

37 Structural Fire Engineering

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42 Smoke Control

43 Stack Effect

44 Piston Effect

45 Wind Effect

46 Pressure Zones Suppression Considerations

47 Without Tank

48 Express Risers

49 Facades/Exterior Wall Assemblies

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51 Tamweel Tower, Dubai, November 2012 Cigarette discarded onto pile of waste materials left by workers next to building 5-1/2 hr. fire duration Fire spread to interior residential units

52 Marina Torch, Dubai, February 21, 2015 Source of ignition: barbecue grill on 51st floor balcony Fire damage extended 28 stories to top of building 101 apartments damaged

53 Dubai January 1, 2016 Address Hotel

54 New York, NY Deutsche Bank Fire August 18, 2007

55 Two Career Fire Fighters Die Following a Seven-Alarm Fire in a High-Rise Building Undergoing Simultaneous Deconstruction and Asbestos Abatement NIOSH

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57 Construction & Demolition Careful Planning/Design Water Supply Fire Suppression Standpipe Systems Egress Systems

58 Where is F/F Intervention?

59 Fire Responder Issues Command & Control Communications Building Access Operations Rooftop Helipads

60 OSHA Guide Fire Service Features of Buildings and Fire Protection Systems

61 SFPE Handbook 5 th Edition

62 e-book

63 New Content Human behavior in fire -- egress system design, occupant evacuation scenarios, combustion toxicity, and data for human behavior analysis Fire protection systems -- selection of fire safety systems, system activation and controls, and CO2 systems. Recent advances in fire resistance design New chapters on industrial fire protection, including vapor clouds, effects of thermal radiation on people, BLEVEs, dust explosions and gas and vapor explosions.

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65 Annual Meeting

66 New Committee Structure

67

68 Career Resources

69 Thanks to Simpson, Gumpertz & Heiger for the use of photos. Feel free to contact me at

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