FIRE PROTECTION OF ROLLING STOCK Christoffer Nylander

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1 FIRE PROTECTION OF ROLLING STOCK 2017 Christoffer Nylander

2 CONSIDER EN AND THE ANALYSIS NEEDED TO REACH A TAILOR MADE SOLUTION COVERING YOUR FIRE HAZARDS ONBOARD.

CONTENT Understanding the responsibility of how to fulfill EN45545-6 What data is needed to complete the hazard

3 CONTENT Understanding the responsibility of how to fulfill EN What data is needed to complete the hazard analysis? How to detect fire in different areas onboard a train? How to define that the area has an acceptable coverage?

4 FOR ALL THOSE MOMENTS WHEN SAFETY MATTERS. In the transport sector, you need access to service wherever you are. In the local language, with local knowledge. Our 24/7/365 worldwide local reach makes sure you are in safe hands. 19,500 Consilium offices Sales and service representatives

EN45545-6 WHAT IS MISSING TO REACH SAFE SYSTEM SOLUTION Table 1 - Fire

areas Cooking or catering area Combustion engines Technical cabinets

Categories N and D 1 X X 2 Xe Xc Xc X X X 3 Xce Xe Xc Xc X X X 4 Xce Xe

X X X X Xb X 3 Xc X Xa X X X X Xb X 4 Xc X Xa X X X X Xb X Design

5 EN WHAT IS MISSING TO REACH SAFE SYSTEM SOLUTION Table 1 - Fire detection Operation category Passenger areas Corridors Toilets Staff areas Cooking or catering area Combustion engines Technical cabinets containing traction equipment Other technical cabinets Design Categories N and D 1 X X 2 Xe Xc Xc X X X 3 Xce Xe Xc Xc X X X 4 Xce Xe Xc Xc X X X Design Categories S and DS 1 Xc X Xa X X X X Xb X 2 Xc X Xa X X X X Xb X 3 Xc X Xa X X X X Xb X 4 Xc X Xa X X X X Xb X Design Category A 1 X X X 2 X X X X 3 Xc X X X Xb X 4 Xc X X X Xb X Luggage compart ment N A D S

6 ALL TRAINS ARE UNIQUE

7 RESPONSIBILITY OR CONSULTATION? Unforeseen combinations of small things which can have a big effect on Fire detection performance

8 PRACTICAL DATA AND ASPECTS FOR THE OVERALL RISK MANAGEMENT. Risk identification Risk classification Risk evaluation Measures Follow-up Hazard analysis Risk management

9 Secondary top event Detectable medias Sensors System Smoldering fire Developed fire Gas release Smoke Heat Flame (IR, UV) Fuel leakages (Mist) Broken components Fire detection devices Fuel pressure sensor Heat sensors Vacuum sensors Fire detection system Engine controller (CAN BUS)

10 PASSENGER AREAS AND CORRIDORS Smoke Gives early detection for smoldering fires from arson or unintended source of fire. Point detection also give the possibility of a secure activation of suppression by voting. Heat To slow. Not recommended as single source of sensor. Can be combined with i.e smoke detector Flame Quick but requires open flame and visibility of all areas. Not recommended as only detector

11 LUGGAGE COMPARTMENT Smoke Gives early detection for smoldering fires from arson or unintended source of fire. Point detection also give the possibility of a secure activation of suppression by voting. Heat To slow. Not recommended as single source of sensor. Can be combined with i.e smoke detector Flame Quick but requires open flame and visibility of all areas. Not recommended as only detector

12 DRIVERS CAB AND STAFF AREAS Smoke Early detection for smoldering fires Heat To slow. Not recommended Flame Quick but since drivers cabin often got a lot of closed spaces it will not have an effective coverage.

13 ELECTRICAL CABINETS Smoke Early detection for smoldering fires Heat Rate of rise detection in combination with high fixed temperature detection. Combination with smoke detection Flame Quick but requires open flame. Not recommended as only detector

14 TOILETS Smoke Early detection for smoldering or arsonist fires i.e in paper baskets Heat To slow. Not recommended Flame Will detect open fire (arson) or people lighting cigarette

15 ENGINE AND TRACTION COMPARTMENT Smoke Early detection for smoldering fires. Can also detect oil leakage. Smoke extraction recommended. Heat Rate of rise detection in combination with high fixed temperature detection. Late but possible detection Flame Quick but requires open flame. Not recommended as only detector

16 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Smoke Detection of smoke in air surrounding the train. Very harsh environment requiring protection of the sensor. Heat Not applicable Flame Not applicable

17 ACCEPTABLE COVERAGE OF FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM ARGE EN Local experience and procedures. Etc.

SUMMARY Challenges of practicing EN 45545-6 related with responsibility and consultation.

18 SUMMARY Challenges of practicing EN related with responsibility and consultation. Different aspects of unique hazards and conditions. How to detect fire in different areas of the train and how to ensure proper coverage.

A Study into the Standardization of Using Fire Detectors in Rail Vehicles for China

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 52 ( 2013 ) 240 244 A Study into the Standardization of Using Fire Detectors in Rail Vehicles for China LIU Xiao-lu *, WANG Wen-qing Shenyang