Garry Oak Habitat Plants That Are Usually Available From Local Suppliers

Transcription

1 Garry Oak Habitat Plants That Are Usually Available From Local Suppliers Type Tree Quercus garryana Garry Oak, Oregon White Oak Camassia quamash Camas, Blue Camas Plants for Sunny Areas m Feb - early Shade tolerant Moist to Rocky Grows at low Valued species, particularly older Propertius Duskywing host; May as young outcrops to elevations on various specimens with intricate acorns for squirrels, Stellar's seedlings, deep, rich, sites and soil types. branching patterns. Widely used Jays and many other becoming shade as an ornamental in the Pacific animals. intolerant with Northwest. age early-apr - mid-may Full sun Rich, moist seasonally moist Needs to dry out after flowering. Cerastium arvense Field Chickweed 5-50 Apr - Aug Full sun Dry. Rocky, long or gravelly. Clarkia amoena Farewell-to-spring Fragaria virginiana Wild Strawberry, Virginia Strawberry Sedum spathulifolium Low Broad-leaved up to 20 Stonecrop, Pacific Sedum June - July Full sun Relatively June Full sun. Dry (drought tolerant). late May - end of June Full sun. Very shade intolerant. Mesic to seasonally Sandy to clay Sandy, poor Shalllow, coarse sandy or gravelly Mesic to vernally moist meadows and grasslands in the lowland, steppe and montane zones. Rocky slopes, Perennial outcrops, grassy bluffs, meadows, gravelly clearings. y open bluffs, slopes and forest edges. Use in meadows, grassy slopes and banks. Showy bloom with attractive seed heads. Excellent in borders, mixed borders and bulb beds. Very tough plant for exposed, hot dry sites once established. Annual. Beds, borders, containers, rock gardens, Tolerates seaside conditions. Moist to dry fields, Groundcover substitute for roadsides, meadows, lawns, combine with native grassy slopes, thickets, plants such as nodding onion. forest edges, and open forests. Found on rocky outcroppings, coastal bluffs, cliffs and forest openings. Showy plant (flowers and leaf colour) in a rockery, front of a border, in containers, or as a ground cover. A good bee and butterfly plant. Fencing may be required Deer eat Camassia leaves and flowers. Racoons and squirrels dig up and nibble on camas bulbs. Butterflies (host) Butterflies (host) Achnatherum lemmonii Lemmon's Needlegrass June Full sun Dry Coarse and medium Rocky slopes, open ground and open woods. Perennial. Meadows, slopes. Birds.

2 Tree Arbutus menziesii Arbutus, Madrone, Pacific Madrone Tall shrub Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon, Serviceberry Tall shrub Holodiscus discolor Oceanspray, Creambush, Ironwood, Arrow Wood Med- shrub Mahonia aquifolium Tall Oregongrape Med- shrub Ribes sanguineum Red-flowering Currant, Blood Currant, Oregon Currant, Winter Currant Med- shrub Philadelphus lewisii Mock Orange, Lewis Mockorange, Indian Arrow-wood, Indian Arrowhead, Syringia Shrubby groundcover Arctostaphylos uvaursi Kinnikinnick, Bearberry, Mealberry, Sandberry Climbing vine Lonicera ciliosa Western Trumpet, Orange Honeysuckle Shrubby Lonicera hispidula groundcover or crawling vine Hairy or Pink Honeysuckle low Rocky, Dry, sunny open Highly ornamental species prized Butterflies (host), berries for moisture in coarsely forests and rocky for its crooked beauty, colourful Eaten by many types summer drained slopes on coarse or of wildlife; the tree is used shallow 6-30 m Apr - May Sunny, open sites; shade-tolerant. 1-5 m mid-apr - mid-jun light/partial up to 4 m Jun - Jul Prefers open areas. Moist to m late Feb - late- semi Apr m Mar -May To 3 m late June - July Plants for Sunny to Partially or Lightly Shaded Areas shade tolerant Mar - Jun up to 9 m May 3.5 m long Jun - Jul Coarse, free-draining Rocky shorelines, bluffs, talus slopes meadows, dry to moist open forests. Very dry to Welldrained, Cool temperate and cool mesothermal dry, moisturesheddin coarse- climates. Found from soils sea level to 2100 m. soils Moist soils preferred but fairly droughtresistant once established. Rocky sites with coarse and medium, Mesic to dry open or closed forests and thickets. Prefers open exposed sites. Coarse, welldrained rocky slopes, disturbed Dry open woods, sites. Moderately Organic soils dry to moist. on forest sites; rocky soils on brushy, dry sites. welldrained. Dry. gravelly Coarse, shallow, rocky Habitat varies from open forests and forest edges to open brushy communities at low to Dry rocky slopes, dry forest and clearings. Woods and thickets from sea level to Dry, open forests, thickets and rocky ridges. bark, showy flowers and brightlycoloured fruit. Underplant with kinnikinnick, Henderson s shootingstars. Showy, abundant blossoms. Good fall colour. Attracts wildlife to the urban garden. Use as a single specimen, hedge or background to borders. Creamy-white panicles of "soft lace". One of the top ten native shrubs in the Pacific Northwest. Beautiful as a background to herbaceous borders, particularly of perennials such as blueflowered delphiniums. High quality landscaping plant. Useful in shrub borders, mixing well with other evergreen species. Showy, fragrant yellow flowers; edible berries; evergreen with some colour change in winter. Excellent, showy, back-of-border shrub for the home garden. Beautiful in groups and drifts in larger settings such as barriers and borders. Flowers best in full sun. Showy, aromatic flowers. Potential use in both native plant and mixed gardens. Good for hedges and shrub borders. Rockeries, banks and any open, dry, sunny location; also under pines, arbutus. Good soil stabilizer use as ground cover or bank cover and good alternative to lawn in hard to mow places. Also in rockeries or rock wall; evergreen; salt tolerant; grows well with Ceanothus velutinus. Climbing vine (trellis, fence, rockwall, on other plants). Groundcover, or lateral vine (rockwall). by both open-nesting and cavity-nesting Butterflies (host). Fruit eaten by a wide range of birds and mammals. Preferred browsed species for many wild ungulates. Wildlife keystone species. Butterflies (host). Important food source for small, seedeating Moderatelyimportant browser species for Coastal Blacktail Deer. Leaves and fruit eaten by small birds and mammals. Occasional winter browse of deer and elk. Critical source of earlyspring nectar for hummingbirds, bumblebees. Fruits eaten by other Attracts bees and butterflies. Moderately important winter forage for deer and elk. Seeds eaten by birds and rodents. Dense shrub habitats provide good summer and winter wildlife cover. Butterflies (host). The fruit is eaten by birds, deer, elk, small mammals and bears. Browsed by Coastal Blacktail Deer. Hummingbirds; berries for Hummingbirds; berries for

3 Achillea millefolium Yarrow up to 50 Allium cernum Nodding Onion May - July partial/ light Anaphalis margaritacea mid-may - Moist to moist, welldrained, Well-suited for a broad range of Butterflies and bees. Aug open sites, growing sites. May need to be gravelly meadows, clearings, contained because it can spread. and sometimes open forests. Sandy, welldrained Dry open woods, exposed grassy places and rocky crevices. Pearly Everlasting Aug - Oct Plants for Sunny to Partially or Lightly Shaded Areas Dry gravelly Rocky slopes, open forest, clearings, Spring-flowering bulb suitable for areas receiving no summer irrigation. Showy long season bloomer. Good rockery plant or for front borders in a bed, spaced apart. Attractive when mixed with harvest brodiaea. Late bloomer that flourishes in a broad range of growth conditions. Can become weedy, so may need to be contained. This plant is attractive to bees, butterflies, hummingbirds and other Bees, butterfies (adults and larvae). Aquilegia formosa Red or Sitka Columbine May - August Mesic to moist. Rich, moist Variety of moist, open Formal flower beds or informal to partly shaded sites; rock or woodland gardens. meadows, rocky slopes, beaches, forest glades, and clearings. Flowers very attractive to butterflies and humming Fencing may be required to prevent dear from eating. Camassia leichtlinii Great Camas mid-apr - Rich, moist seasonally moist Needs to dry out after flowering. Vernally moist meadows in the lowland zone. y slopes and Use in meadows, grassy slopes and banks. Showy bloom with attractive seed heads. Very tough plant for exposed, hot dry sites once established. Use in containers or along pond edges. A good bee and butterfly plant. Fencing may be required. Deer eat Camassia leaves and flowers. Racoons and squirrels dig up and nibble on camas bulbs. Claytonia perfoliata Miner's Lettuce 5-30 Mar - Apr moist. Grows in Forests, thickets, most welldrained Annual Edible for people and wildlife. Clinopodium douglasii Yerba Buena Collinsia parviflora Small-flowered Blue-eyed Mary Delphinium menziesii Menzie s Larkspur 1 m long 3-40 up to 50 mid-jun-july Mar - July May semishade semishade. Thin, gravelly moist. Open,, Garry Oak, Arbutus or coniferous forests and thickets. Open, grassy slopes, open forest, mossy rock outcrops, gravelly flats, sand. Found on grassy bluffs, vernal grassland and in rocky openings and dry Ground cover, rock walls, containers. Annual. Containers; groundcover in dry beds, borders, rock gardens. Sunny meadow or middle of a border bed. Bees. A source of pollen for butterflies and the longproboscis bumblebees. Dodecatheon hendersonii Eriophyllum lanatum Erythronium oregonum Broad-leaved Shootingstar, Henderson s Shootingstar Apr - June Woolly Sunflower, Oregon Sunshine, Woolly Eriophyllum May - Jul White Fawn-lily Mar - Apr moist. Moderately dry to moist moist Coarse, welldrained. Moist, often saline meadows, wet coastal rocks and bluffs, stream banks. Sporadic in opencanopy forests on water-shedding sites, or in meadow-like communities where early spring moisture is followed by midsummer drought. Dry, open habitat, rocky slopes. Low to in meadowlike communities and open-canopy rocky woodlands on welldrained dry to moist (mesic) sites. Use in rockeries or meadow communities, can also be planted in lawns or used in containers. Good as rockery plant, for dry banks and the perennial border. Long blooming period and silvery-green foliage. Bumblebees Butterflies (nectar) Excellent groundcover once Hummingbirds (nectar). established and mixed with Fencing may be required to native grasses; also for rockeries. prevent deer from eating.

4 Plants for Sunny to Partially or Lightly Shaded Areas Type Fragaria vesca Woodland Strawberry Lomatium nudicaule Barestem Desertparsley, Barestem Lomatium, Indian Celery, Wild Celery, Indian Consumption Plant 5-20 June - July Semi-shade to moist. Moist, welldrained Open forests, Good groundcover for shady Butterflies (host), birds,, streambanks, areas. mammals. runners up to 2 m long. Low mid-apr - light Potentially useful ornamental for Important nectar source for mid-may the dry rock garden. many butterflies. Coarse freedraining soils treed sites, rocky Dry, open, sparsely slopes and grassy bluffs at low to middle elevations. Lomatium utriculatum Spring Gold, Fineleaved Desert- Parsley Olsynium douglasii Satinflower, Purple Blue-eyed (var. inflatum), Douglas Blueeyed (var. douglasii), Widows mid-mar late-feb - early Apr Plectritis congesta Sea Blush late Mar - Symphyotrichum subspicatum, Aster subspicatus, Aster douglasii Triteleia hyacinthina, Brodiaea hyacinthina Festuca roemeri var. roemeri light light light Douglas' Aster Jul - Sept light Fool s Onion late May - early Jul Roemer s Fescue May - Jun Wet spring soil and dry summer Moist winter soil, dry summer Moist to Moist winter soil, dry summer very Good soil drainage and does not tolerate winter soil saturation or flooding. Coarse sandy Shallow, mossy Moderately It occurs on dry, open, rocky slopes, grassy bluffs and vernal meadows at low elevations. Dry rocky bluffs and meadows, open oak woodlands at low to Streambanks, moist meadows, open forests, thickets. Suitable ornamental for a border or rockery in full sun to light shade in combination with common camas and shooting stars. One of the showiest early spring flowers. Wonderful for sunny rock gardens, low border, planter and meadow. Rocky outcrop, planter, or sunny edge of a border. Moist, but Meadows, moist Mid - to back of beds, or moist clearings, meadow setting. streambanks, beaches. Light, sandy soil with good drainage. Shallow and or strongly drained soils on stony and rocky sites. Fine to medium mineral Gravelly, sandy. Open, grassy areas, rocky slopes and coastal bluffs. Occurs on dry to moist southfacing prairies, savannahs, meadows, and grassy openings within Douglas-fir and Garry Oak forests. While drought tolerant with extensive roots, it is found on somewhat more mesic (moist) sites such as the edges of grassy balds. Rockeries or sunny borders. Perennial bunchgrass. Good for dry sites; clump forming so can become large and wide spreading; use in rockeries, as bank covers, in containers, lawns. May be too aggressive for meadow conversions. Food source for larval and adult stages of some butterflies. Bees. Fencing ay be required to prevent deer from eating. Butterflies (host, nectar), bees, flies, winter seed for birds (particluarly sparrows). Forage value and palatability for wildlife and livestock are unknown, but may be similar to Idaho Fescue (rated as fair to good by USDA) Danthonia californica California Oatgrass May - Jul light moist. Wide variety (dappled) of soil types - well drained sandy loam to less permeable silt and clay. lands, meadows, open woodlands, rocky ridges. Perennial bunchgrass. Meadows, slopes. Deer resistant. Seeds eaten by small birds and mammals. Leaves eaten by butterfly larvae and used for bird nests.

5 Shrub Mahonia nervosa Dull Oregongrape, Longleaf Hollygrape, Creeping Hollygrape, Cascade Oregongrape Fern Fern Polypodium glycyrrhiza Polystichum munitum up to 60 Licorice Fern up to 70 Sword Fern up to 1.5 m Plants for Sunny or Shady Areas mid-apr - May n/a n/a Full sun or Moderately Coarse, dry to slightly shallow, moist. rocky Moist to Moist to Shallow humic or rocky soils to rock faces. fairly moist, Popular ornamental. Good open to closed forests. ground cover under conifers or Can grow in the deciduous trees. Four season understory of year-old forests and in open meadows and recent clear cuts. On wet mossy ground, logs and rocks (sometimes forms large sheets over rock slabs). Also common as an epiphyte on the trunks and branches of broad-leafed trees (especially bigleaf maple). Moist, but Moist forest at low to characteristics showy bright yellow flowers; grape-like edible fruit; good fall/winter colour. Use on banks or as a ground cover. Good compact habit so could be used in a short border and for ground cover in a woodland setting. Nectar eaten by Anna's Hummingbird. Browsed by Black-tailed Deer and Roosevelt Elk; foliage eaten by various small mammals, and fruit eaten by many small birds and mammals. Useful and attractive rock garden Licorice fern provides food plant and areas where winter greenery and ground cover is desired. Large, attractive fern that offers year-round colour and texture. Great as a centerpiece or for back of flower beds, along rockwalls, or under trees. for herbivorous insects and mammals. Epiphytic flora like licorice fern is important because it is a habitat niche for organisms. Provides cover for wildlife and host plant for some butterfly larvae. Heuchera micrantha Small-flowered Alumroot Montia parvifolia Small-flowered Montia; Streambank Springbeauty; Little-leaf Miner's Lettuce May - mid- Jun Tellima grandiflora Fringecup up to 30 May - July Apr - Jun Part sun to Partial sun to shade moist. Moist to wet. Welldrained. Moist, but Moist,. humus-filled mulch, good drainage. Rocky crevices, streambanks, mossy talus slopes. Mossy rock outcrops, rocky gulies, rocky beaches, streambanks. Streambanks, moist forests, glades, clearings, thickets. Semi-shaded border or rockery. Perennial Mass plantings in borders, ground cover, or along mossy paths. Hummingbirds (nectar). Hummingbirds (nectar).